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H ITECT URE 


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BUILDING 


A  Mag 
Devoted  to  Contemporary 

Architectural  Construction 


xr,  ..     January 

Vol.  44  ^         No.  1 

1912 


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Fireproofing  and  Fire-Protection 


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j^H0«TM5fc        .j.jjg  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 

23  Wanen  Street  New  York 
a  Year  20* 

Copyright,  1912,  by  The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co. 
SitOTcd  M  MOOBd-elMS  BUttteT.  April  4.  1011,  at  the  Post  Offlc*  %X  N«w  Totftu  N.  T.. 


Copy 


"Globe"  Ventflator  and 

"Globe  Ventilating  Sidgine" 


'I1w"OM>e"libttltte( 


Ib  Copper  or  Galvaiiizod  Iron 


Slmpla 
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Globe   Ventilator   Company 

TROT.  N.  T. 


SaVERLAKEASASHCOID 
THE  STANDARD 


Our  name  is  stamped  on  evoy  foot  of  oar 

FatimatB  the  gnatest  possible  saving  in  the 
firstoost  of  a  building  by  using  deap  cord.  If 
tha»  is  aay  saving  can  yoaafiord  to  t«keit? 
Tha  beA  cord  will  wear  over  twenty  years 
and  you  are  savad  the  annoyanoe  and  expense 
of  retracing  broken  coid.  For  the  cheapest 
sash  cord  service  specify  SILVER  LAKE  A. 

TU  OrigiMl  SeBd  BnkM  SMk  Owl 
THE  BBST  19  THE  CHEAPEST 

SILVER  LAKE  CO.*  Boston 


Send  for  New  Catalogue  of  Arcli 
tecture  &  Builciing  Constructic 

W.  T.  COHSTOCK  COMPANY 

IS  Wain>  SL.  N»  Twfc 


Building  Construction  and  Superintendence 

Part  n.    Carpenten*  Work         I  Part  IIL   Trussed  Roofs 

Four  DoOan  ■  Volume  [  Thi«e  Dollafs  *  Volume 

By  F.  E.  KlIHXn.  C  E..  PhJ).  AkUmi 

THB  WM.  T.  C0MSTCX:K  C0„  PuUlahcr.  23  WARREN   STREET..  KEW  YORK 


Famam  Cheshire  lime  Compan; 


^rn^hl^rsSf  LIME  MANUFACTURERS 

forHij^^ciM.     39Cortl«ndtSt.,NewYork 
fii^TiStit'rThe  "Original"  Farnam's  "Cheshire"  Un 


C.  D.  WtNTSRS,  Praa. 


JOHN  BBCKINGHAH,  Mgr.  a 


SUNSET    COMPANY 


'Uttrtral  Aivnttonn 
rlntrical  dUuitiuttnts 

We  an  prepuvd  to  furnish  Mtiinates.    Blecttjc  Sign*  of  all  descriptioos.    Puinted  Signs,  lettering. 

All  ctaisea  of  Blectricsl  Ccsitracting,  including  Fire  Alarm  SrstemSi 

executed  througbout  the  Dnited  States. 

lltl-llU  FIREMEN'S  INSURANCE  BUILDINC  NEWARK,  N.  J. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Chicago 


The  Chicago  "Triplex" 

Spring  Butt  has  features  of 
construction  and  design 
which  appeal 
to  the  archi- 
C  ec  t  and 
builder. 
Their  use  in- 
sures satis- 
fied clients. 

(Ctjicago  SpHng^ntHtompKstg, 

CWCACO   y^/)   NEW  YORK 

CATALCWUE  E  26  »!  REQUEST 


I     CHI  and  Gasolene  Storage 

I    abould  be  provided  for  by  using  a  Bowser  System. 
I    It  will  please  your  customers  and  comply  with  jnsur- 

I    Bicbitecta  throughout   the   country  Gpecify  Bowaers. 
Atk  (or  Bulletin  No.  1  for  your  fliM 

S.P.  BOWSER  &  CO.,  Iiic.,  Ft. Wayne,  Ind. 


THE  SNEAD  &  CO.  IRON  WORKS 

FOUNDED  IN  1850 

One  of  the  Pioneer  Iron  Manufacturers  of  the  Country 

Main  Office  and  Works,  Foot  of  Pine  Street,  Jersey  City 

New  York  Office,  90  West  Street 

Manufacturers  of  the  six  tier  metal  book  stack  and  ornamental  iron  work 
for  the  American  Geogra[^cal  Society  Building  and  the  book  stack  in 
the  Hispanic  Society  of  America,  Charles  P.  Huntington,  Architect  (illus- 
trated in  this  issue). 

We  are  specialists  in  library  stack  construction,  and  freely  offer  the  benefit 
of  our  experience  to  architects  and  owners.  We  built  the  Library  of  Con- 
gress and  New  York  Public  Library  stacks.  The  total  capacity  of  our 
stacks  IS  greater  than  that  of  any  other  manufacturer. 

Our  architectural  iron  work  is  of  the  highest  quality  and  large  production 
facilities  enable  us  to  make  deliveries. 


When  writtng  Advertisers,  please  mer 


I  Architecture  and  Building-. 


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3QC 


Architecture  and  Building 


Established  1882  J  continuation  of  the 

^^  -  Architect's  and  'Builder's  Magazine,  1899-1911 

BDnBCRffH  PUBUSHED  MONTHLY  BY 

\  Bbynf  THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 

NA  23  Warren  Street,  New  York 

I  Wm.  Phillips  Comstock,  President 


Continued  1911 


I1U 


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0 

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IS 


11 


17 


23 


28 


CONTENTS  FOR  JANUARY 

A  CIVIC  GROUP  OP  EDUCATIONAL  BUIIiDINGS 

The  Hispanic  Society  of  America. 
The  American   Geographical   Society. 
The    Numismatic    Society. 
Church  for  Spanish  Catholics. 

Charles   P.   Huntington,    Architect. 

STk^ISS    CHAIiBJT   DESIGN    III 

By  Wm.   S.   B.   Dana,   B.   S. 
THE  H0IiIi01V-TIL.E  FIREPROOF  HOUSE  IV      

By  Frederick  Squires,  Architect. 

THE   CHICAGO    CITY   HAUL 

Holabird  &  Roche,  Architects. 
BOSTON  STOCK  EXCHANGE  AND  COM3ION\VEALTH  TRUST  CO.... 

Peabody  &  Stearns,   Architects. 
MERCHANTS'   NATIONAL  BANK,   NEW  HAVEN.   CONN 30 

Dennlson   &   Hirons,    Architects. 
NATIONAL   SAVINGS  B.ANK.  NEW  HAVEN,  CONN 31 

Brown  &  Von  Beren,  Architects. 

FIRE-PROTECTION  AND  THE  ARCHITECT      33 

Introduction  "The  Architect's  Opportunity" 

By   Edwin  O.   Torbohm. 
BUILDING  AT  20TH   STREET  AND  4TH   AVENUE 35 

Rouse  &  Goldstone,   Architects. 
THE  WHITE   HOUSE,   NEW^   YORK 36 

Henry  B.  Herts,  Architect. 
MERCANTILE  BUILDINGS,  135-145  WEST  29TH  STREET.   N.  Y 37 

P     C     Zobel     Architect. 
BUILDING  FOB  THE  CONSOLIDATED  GAS  COMPANY  OF  NEW  YORK     38 

H.   J.   Hardenbergh.   Architect. 
RIVERSIDE  THEATRE,  06TH  STREET  A  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK.  .      40 

Thos.   W.   Lamb,   Architect. 
DE  KALB  THE.ATRE,  BOROUGH  OF  BROOKLYN,  N.  Y 41 

Harde  &   Short,    Architects. 
MINER'S  EMPIRE  THEATRE,  NEWARK,  N.  J 43 

McMurray   &  Pulls,   Architects. 
RESIDENCE   AT   RAVENSWOOD   MANOR.   CHICAGO.  ILL 44 

Chas.   P.   Rawson.   Architect 


Q 

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D 


ADVERTISING    REPRESENTATIVES 
D.  R.  Gioibel 
Gcc-.  H.  Stewart  (Dept.  of  Fireproofin£  and  Fire  Protection) 


EDITORIAL  DEPARTMENT 
Wm.  P.  Comstodc,  Mana£i"ir  Editor 
Charles  Warren  Hastiuet.  As.isiant  Editor 


QiiKc/^firkHnn    nP^rmc    $'-00  a  year  in  advance  for  United  States  and  PoHeiaiona.  Mexico  and   Culsa.     Canada. 
OUUbCnpUUri     ±  crillb    $2.50,  and  other  countries,  $3.00.     Postage  prepaid. 

Subscnben  when  cbanfinK  their  address  must  state  both  old  and  new  address. 

XI  f*rr\\tf\t\cr    \Af\nf^\r    ^'^  remittance  of  money  should  be  in  the  form  of  U.  S.  Postal  Money  Orders  (payable  to 
XVCllULLlllg    IvjoiJCJ     T-Hg  y^^    ^    COMSTOCK  CO..  at  New  York  Office) 


send  money  by  reKtstered  letter,  or  send  drafts  on  New  York  banks,  made  payable  to  order  of 
Personal  checks  on  local  banks  cannot  be  received  in  payment 


When  these  are  not  available, 
THE  WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO. 


Trade  Supplied  by  the  AMERICAN  NEWS  COMPANY  and  its  Branches 

LONDON  AGENTS— Wm.  Dawson  A  Sona  (JLtd.).  Cannon  Hooae,  Bream's  Bolldinst.  London,  Ensland. 


30E 


]l2l|c 


lOE 


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30E 


m 


ARCHITECTURE  AXD  BUILDING. 


,   please  mention   Architecture  and  Building:. 


68      9  0      i.A    A    30 

ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


When   writing    Advertlspre,    pltnae    mention   ArclUteclure   and   Buildlnt 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Pullman  Bldg..  Madison  Sq..N.Y. 


Porsth  Electric  Co. 

10  East  23d  Str«et.  New  York 


FIRST  METHODIST  CHURCH 
LONG  ISLAND  BANK     . 
LOFT  BUILDING 


Richmond  Hill 
114  East  18tliSt.,N.Y. 
126  Wen  22dSl.,N.  Y. 


SEut  2lnSt.,  N.  Y. 
.  .B  WertSlst  St.,  N.Y. 
West  and  Venry  Su..  N.  Y. 


John  Polachek  Bronze  &  Iron  Co. 

ArriftlwtMril  Vrnm  ntb  Iron  SitTk 
Oma<W.ch».l44*«ClnSL.a«»»MinlB».UTii.H.t. 


IT  IS  so  EASY! 


Office  Directory 


MiblB  Lattw  Dinctniia 


HDd  Building. 


Alphabetical  List  of  Advertisers 


Page 

A.     B.     See     Electric     Elevator 
Co.,    The    31 

American    Enameled    Brick    & 
Tile  Co 14 

American     Garden     Beautifying 
Co 21 

A-   P.   W.   Paper  Co 29 

Badger  &  Sons  Co.,  E.  B 29 

Barnes    Co.,    W.    P.&    John 35 

Barren   Mfg.    Co.,    The 19 

Bergcr    Mfg.    Co.,    The 24 

Blssing.    Harry    20 

Bommer   Bros 16 

Bowser   &   Co.,    S.    P..    Inc 2 

Boyd    Equipment    Company....  31 
Broderick   &   Bascom   Rope   Co.     6 

Brooklyn   Vault    Light   Co 33 

Browe    Company,    The 39 

Carter.    Black   &   Ay  res 35 

Celluvamo  Co.,  Inc.,  The 29 

Chicago  Portland  Cement  Co. .     5 

Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co 2 

Cohn,    P.    W 21 

Concrete    Age,    The 26 

Consolidated  Chandelier  Co....  24 

Cork  6  Zicha   Marble  Co 28 

Clarke   Co.,    T.    A 37 

Dahlstrom   Metallic   Door  Com- 
pany       15 

Daprato  Statuary   Co 1 

Darby    &    Sons    Co.,    Inc.,    Ed- 
ward      23 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jos 27 

Edwards  Electrical   Construction 
Co — 

Electric  Construction  and  Sup- 
ply Company   11 

Evans,   P.   H 31 

Farnam  Cheshire  Lime  Co.. 

II  Cover 

Federal   Terra   Cotta    Co 40 


Page 

Felton.   Sibley  &   CtJ 16 

Flushovalve    Co 9 

Folsom   Snow   Guard  Co 33 

Frass   &    Miller    37 

Frink,    I.    P 16 

Gatchel  &   Manning — 

Globe    Ventilator    Co II    Cover 

Gorham    Co.,    The 13 

Gorton  &  Lldgerwood   Co 26 

Grant   Pulley   &   Hardware   Co.  36 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 30 

Grimmer    &    Son,    Charles 11 

Gustafson    Co.,    Albin 11 

Harbison- Walker-Refractories 
Co IV    Cover 

Higgins   &   Co.,    Chas.    M 33 

Humphrey   Co 14 

Irving   &   Casson 39 

Ives  Co.,  The  H.  B 30 

Jones,     Thomas    W 30 

Keystone  Varnish  Co.   7.  8,  10,   12 
Knoburn    Co.,    The 23 

Lane  Bros.   Co   40 

Lauria,     Pasquali     33 

Lewen,    Henry   L 18-20 

Loomis   Manning   Filter   Distri- 
buting   Co IV    Cover 

Manual    Arts    Press,    The 26 

Marble  &   Shattuck  Chair  Co. .  21 

Marbleoid  Co.,  The 35 

Monument    Plaster    Co 35 

Morton,    Thomas    25 

Newman    Clock    Co 22 

Northwestern    Terra-Cotta    Co., 
The     36 


Page 
Otis    Elevator    Company 17 

Peele   Company    27 

Pierce,    Butler    &    Pfercc    Mfg. 
Co • 9 

Polachek    B'ronze    &    Iron    Co., 
John     6 

Pomeroy    Co..    Inc.    S.    H 25 

Porsth   Electric   Co 6 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  30 

Reliance    Fireproof    Door    Co. .  27 

Richter  Mfg.  Co — 

Ringborg,  J 28 

Rockwood    Sprinkler    Co 24 

Ronalds   &  Johnson   Co 38 

Self-Clinching   Nail    Co 31 

Shoemaker,  Benjamin  H 31 

Silver   Lake   Co II   Cover 

Simmons  Co..  John 23 

Snead  &  Co.   Iron  Works,  The.     2 

Speidel,     J.     G 31 

Stanley    Works,    The 27 

Sunset    Co 11    Cover 

Tettenborn  Refrig?rators   30 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com- 
pany          6 

United  States  Mineral  Wool  Co.  25 

United     States     Press    Clipping 
Bureau    — 

Uris    Iron    Works,    The    Harris 
H 4 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co.,  The.  31 

Voigtmann   &   Co 25 

Vogel   Co.,    H.    G 25 

Walsh,  Dominic  A 39 

Washburne   A   Co.,    E.    G 33 

Winslow   Bros.    Company,    The 

IV   Cover 

Wilson   Mfg.   Co..   James   G 16 


Classified   Advertisements 

NOTE.— Every  elassifled  adyertiser  is  entitled  to  insertion  under  one  heading.    Under  extra  headings.  95.00  a  year  each 


ARCHITECTURAL   BRONZE. 

The  Gorham  Co Fifth  Aye.,  N.  T. 

Polachek    Bronze    &    Iron    Co.,    John, 

144-6-8   Clay   St,    Brooklyn,    New   York 

AWNINGS,  BLINDS,   ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  Jas.  O. 

5  W.  29th  St.,   New  York  City 

BOILERS. 

Badger   ft   Sons   Co..   B.   B Boston,   Mass 

Gorton   &   Lldgerwood   Co., 

96  Liberty   St.,   New  York 
Pleree,  Butler  ft  Pierce  Mfg.  Co.  .uyracuse,  N.  Y. 

BOLTS— Bzpmnaion,      Machine     Expansion,      Sebco 

Mooring,  Sebco  Twin,  Toggle. 
Eyana,  F.  H... 81-85  Hewes  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

BRICK— Enameled  Front 

American  Enamel  Brick  ft  Tile  Co., 

1182  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Carter,  Black  ft  Ayers 1182  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Fiske  ft  Co..  Inc New   York.    Boston 

Harbison-Walker   Refractories   Co., 

30    Church    St..    New   York 

BRIDGES. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleyeland,   O. 

BRONZE. 

Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co.,  John, 

144-6-8  Clay  St..  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

BUILDING  CONTRACTORS. 

Clarke  Co.,  T.  A... 26  Court  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Fuller  Co.,   Geo.  A..   Marquette  Bldg.,   Chicago. 

BUILDING  DIRBOTORT. 

U.  8.  Chaiiseable  Sign  Co.  .8-7  W.  29th  8t,  N.  Y. 

BUREAU  OF  NEWS. 

U.  8.  Press  Clipping  Bureau, 

166  La  Salle  St.  Chleago,  ni. 

BUTTS.  BALL-BEARING. 

St:anley  Works,  The New  Britain,  Conn. 

CHAIR    MANUFACTURERS. 

Marble  and  Shattuck  Chair  Co.,  The, 

Chicago- New    York. 

CHURCH  SUPPLIES— Altars,   Etc. 

Daprato  Statuary  Company,  31  Barclay  St.,  N.  Y. 

CLOCKS— Ssmchronized,    Watchman's. 

Newman  Clock  Co.,  The...  178  Fulton  St,  N.  Y. 
Prentiss  Clock  Improyement  Co., 

Dept  11.  02  Chambers  St,  N.  Y. 

CONCRETE  CONSTRUCTION. 

Lewen.   H.   L 200  Fifth  Aye.,   N.   Y. 

CONCRETE  SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

CORDAGE. 

Sllyer  Lake  Co Boston,  Mass. 

DECORATIONS  ft  FURNISHINGS,  INTERIOR. 

Inring  ft  Caason Boston-New  York 

Wanamaker.  John New  York 


DOOR  HANGERS. 

Lane   Bros.   Co Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 

DRAWER  SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

36  Warren   St.   N.  Y. 

DRAWING  INKS— (Higgins). 
Higglna  ft  Co.,  Chas.  M., 

271  8th  St,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

DUMB  WAITERS. 

Otis  Bleyator  Co 17  Battery  Place,  N.  Y. 

Speldel,  J.  O Reading.  Pa. 

ELECTRICAL    CONTRACTORS. 

Electric   Construction  and    Supply   Co., 

39-41    Cortlandt    St,    New   York 

Gustafson  Co.,  Albin 34  E.  29th  St,  N.  Y. 

Porath  Electric  Co 10  E.  23d  St.  N.  Y. 

Sunset   Company. 
1101-1102  Firemen's  Ins.   Bldg.,   Newark.  N.   J. 

ELEVATORS. 

A.   B.   See  Electric  Eleyator   Co.,  The, 

220   Broadway,    New   York 

Otis  Eleyator  Co 17  Battery  Place,  N.  T. 

Speldel.  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

ENGINEERS,  ELECTRICAL,  CONSULTING.  ETC. 

Bissing.  Harry 3a3  W.  42d  St,  N.  Y. 

Boyd  Equipment  Co 373  Fourth  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

Cohn,    F.    W 1122   Madison   Ay.,    N.    Y. 

Lewen,  H.  L 200  Fifth  Aye.,  N.  Y. 

ENGRAVERS  AND  ILLUSTRATORS. 

Gatchel  ft  Manning Philadelphia,   Pa. 

EXPANSION  BOLTS. 

Eyans.  F.  H... 31-36  Hewea  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  T. 
SUr  Expansion  Bolt  Co 147  Cedar  St.  N.  T. 

EXTERIOR  PLASTER. 

Monumental  Plaster  Company. ..  .Harrison,  N.  J. 

FENCING  AND  RAILINGS. 

Van   Dorn   Iron  Works  Co Cleyeland,   O. 

FILTERS. 

Loomis-Manning  Filter  Distributing  Co.. 

828  Land  TiUe  Bldg.,  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

FIRE    DOOR    EQUIPMENT. 

Lane  Bros.  Co Poughkeepsie,  N.   T. 

FIRE    EQUIPMENT,    GENERAL. 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St.  N.  T. 

FIREPROOF   DOORS  AND   SHUTTERS. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown.   N.  Y. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardwsre  Co.. 

3  West  29th  St.,  New  York 
Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,   S.   H., 

427  W.    13th   St,   New  York   City 
Reliance    Fireproof    Door    Co., 

47    Milton   St.,    Brooklyn,    N.    Y. 

FIREPROOF  HARDWARE. 

H.  R.  lyes  Company,  The New  Haven.  Conn. 


H 


F"1-AT   F'irsil 


i5~irenn2Jini 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Flushovalves 

are  made  in  several  styles,  a  few  of 
which  are  shown  herewith.  We  also 
make  a  valve  Euitable  for  enclosure  in 
wall,  only  the  push  button  showing' 
thii   is   particularly  (uitable   for  cell 

Valves  made  with  or  without  in- 
tegral shut  off. 

FLUSHOVALVES  were 
used  in  more  than  100  of  the  largest 
buildings  constnicied  in  New  York  City  alone  during  year 
1911,  including  such  buildings  as  the  Vanderbilt  Hotel,  Elks 
Club,  Putnam  and  Arena  Office  Buildings,  Rockledge  Hall, 
Roxborough,  Borchardt  and  Schetnerhorn  Apartment 
Houses. 


W rift  far  Catalogue 

FLUSHOVALVE,  CO. 

n  Greenwich  Ave.,  New  YorR  City  ,„, 


FOR   YOUR   HEATING   EQUIPMENT 

Specify 

Pierce 

Boilers  ^Radiators 

Our  Primer  on  heat  is  a 
recently  issued,  and  it  g 
theory  of  heating  a  ho 
found  interesting  by  an 
in  heat.      It  is  free  —  c 


PIERCE,  BUTLER  &  f 

1^1     TAMI7C    CTDdTT     gY 

Cifd 


i   and   Building. 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PIRBPROOF  WINDOWS. 

DahlBtrom  MeUllio  Door  Co. . Junestowii,  N.  T. 

Knoburn  Company, 

359-363  14th  St,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 
Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.),  8.  H..427  W.  13th  St.,  N.  T. 
Voigtmann  A  Co.,  427  W.  13th  St,  New  York. 

FIXTURES.   GAS   AND  ELECTRIC. 
Consolidated    Chandelier    Co.. 

132-136  W.  14th  St.,  N.  Y. 

FLOORING— Stone,  Hardwood,  etc. 

Marbleold  Co.,  The Marbrldge  Bldg.,  N.  Y. 

FLOOR  AND   WOODWORK   POLISH. 

Falton,  Slbl«r  ft  Co... 186  N.  4th  St,  PhUa.,  Pa. 

FLUSHOVALVES. 
Flushovalve    Co.. 

71   Greenwich  Ave.,   New  York  City 

FURNITURE,  DRAPERIES,  RUGS.  ETC. 

Fraas  &  Miller.  .1.^33  Broadway,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

FURNITURE.  HALL  AND  GARDEN. 
American  Garden  Beautifying  Co.. 

300  Schenck  Ave..  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

OARAOB  OASOLBNB  TANKS. 

BowiflT  ft  Co..  Inc..  a  F Ft  Wayne,  lad. 

OA8  AND  BLBCTRIC  FIXTURES. 
Consolidated   Chandelier   Co.. 

132-136  W.  14th  St.  N.  Y. 

GLASS— Plate,  Vault  Ornamental. 

Shoemaker,  BenJ,  H...206  N.  4th  St,  Phlla.,  Pa. 

ORAPHITB  PAINT. 

DlzoB  Ornelble  Co..  Jo« Jersey  City.  N.  J 

HANGERS— House.  Bam  Door. 

Lane  Bros.   Co. Poughkeepsle,  N.   Y. 

HARDWARE. 

pioago  Spring  Buft  Co.,  Chlcam.  ni.;  New  York 

Ives  Co.,  The  H.  B New  HaTen,  Oonn. 

Sianley  Works,  The,  Dept  B. 

New  BrltiUn,  Conn.,  and  79  Chambers  8t,  N.  T. 

HBATINO  APPLIANCES.     (Also  see  BoUers.) 

Boyd  Equipment  Co... 373  Fourth  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
uorton  *  Lddgerwood  Co.  .86  Liberty  ttt,  M.  i. 
Unmphrey  Oo...GU4  Rose  St,  Kalamasoo.  Mloh. 
Kelsey  Heating  Co., 

a07-R  BuUdlng,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 
Pierce,    Bntler   ft   Pierce   Mtg.    Co., 

Dept  17,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 
254  4Ul  Ave..  N.   Y. 
HINOB8— Spring. 

Bommer  Broe. .  .2B7  Classen  At.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co., 

Ohloago,  ni.;  New  York. 

HOLLOW  TILE. 

Carter,   Black  &  Ayers..ll82   Broadway,   N.   Y. 

HOT-WATER  BOILERS— Copper. 
Badger  &  Sons  Co.,  E.  B., 

63-75  Pitt  St,  Boston.   Mass. 

IRON   WORK— Ornamental   and    Structural. 
Payne   Bros.,    Newark,    N.    J. 
Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John 

144-6-8  Clay  St.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Snead  &  Company  Iron  Works,  The, 

90  West  St.   New  York 

Uris.   Harris   H 525   W.   26th   St,   N.   Y. 

Wells   Architectural    Iron    Co., 

River  Ave.   &   151st   St.,    New   York 
Winslow  Bros.   Company,  The, 
Harrison  St.,  46th  and  47th  Aves.  Chicago,   111. 


BTrsnnsttEE 


JAIL  AND  PRISON  WORK. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Clereland,  0. 

JOIST  HANGBRS-CSteel). 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsle,  N.  Y. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  0. 

KITCHEN  EQUIPMENT. 

Barth  &   Son,  L.,    Cooper  Square,   New   York. 

UGHTING   FIXTURES— Gas  and  Electric 
Browe  Company,   The,    • 

9-11  Franklin  St,  Newark.  N.  J. 
Consolidated  Chandelier  Co.. 

132-136  W.  14th  St,  N.  Y. 
Frink,  I.   P 24th  St  and  10th  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

LIGHTNING  RODS. 

Jones,  T.  W 22  Burling  Slip,  N.  Y. 

Washbume  A  Co.,  B.  O..a09  Fulton  St.  N.  Y. 

LIMB. 

Famum  Cheshire  Lime  Co., 

39  Cortlandt  St.,  N.  Y. 

MANTELS  AND  HALL  FURNITURE, 

Irving  &.  Casson Boston-New  York 

MARBLE  WORKBRS. 

Cork  &  Zicha  Marble   Co.. 

325-327  E.   94th  St.,   New  York 

METAL  CBILINGS. 

Berger    Mfg.   Co.,   The Canton,   O. 

MBTAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Dahlstrom  MeulUc  Door  Go.  .Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

359-363  14th  St,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 

METAL   LATHING. 

Greenfield,  Inc.,  Arthur 204  E.  26th  St,  N.  Y. 

METAL  LOCKERS. 

Darby  ft.  Sons  Co..  Inc..  Edward, 

233  Arch  St..  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

MBTAL  LUMBBR. 

Berger  Mtg.  Co.,  The Canton.  O. 

MBTALUC   OFFICB   FURNITURB. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Oanten.  O. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  O. 

MBTAL   SASH   AND   FRAMBS. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co... Jamestown,  N.  Y. 

Knoburn  Company 240  11th  Ave.,  N.  T. 

Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.).  S.  H. .  .427  W.  ISth  St.  N. Y. 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy  Co..  (Inc.),  T.  H.  427  W.  13th  St.  N.  Y. 
Voigtmann  ft  Co.,  427  W.  13th  St,  New  York. 

MINBRAL  WOOL. 

U.  8.  Mineral  Wool  Co 140  Cedar  8t,  N.  T. 

MODELS— PLASTER,    CEMENT.    ETC. 
Walsh,   Dominic  A., 

461    Cortland    St,    Belleville,    N.    J. 

PAINTING  CONTRACTORS. 

Grimmer  ft  Son,  Charles.. 230  B.  37th  St,  N.  Y. 

PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRESERVING  IRON 
AND  STEEL. 
Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jos Jersey  (Mty,  N.  J. 

PAINTS,  OILS,  VARNISHBS,  WOOD  FILLING,  ete. 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jos Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

Felton,  Sibley  ft  Co.. 

186  N.  4th  St,  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

PLASTER  WORK— Plain,  Ornamental. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 


ARCHITECTURE  A.\D  BUILDING. 


MAKING  AND  READING  DRAWINGS  | 

A  Complei 


fThu  book  eoablee  tl 
and  how  to  draw,  i 
the  ftverage  beginner,  a: 
Architectnral  Dra 
mentarf  Machine  Deeig: 

The  WHEam  T.  Com 


Classified  Advertisements — Continued 


PLUMBBRS. 

Boyd    Equipment   Co... 373    Fourth   Ave.,    N.    Y. 
Lauria,    Faaquale 244  Mott  St.,   N.   T. 

PLUMBBRS'    WARES.— Bath-TulM,    CloMts,    Drink- 
ing    Fountains,     LavatorieB,     Laundry     Tubs, 
Ranca  Closets,   Sinks,   Urinals. 
Pierce,  Butler  A  Pierce  Mfg.  Oo., 

Dept.   17,  Srracuse,   N.   T. 
254  4th  Atc.  N.  Y. 
Ronalds   &    Johnson, 

43    Boerum   Place.    Brooklyn.    N.    Y. 

PORTLAND   CEMENT, 

Chicago   Portland   Cement  Co.. 

10«  La   Salle   St..    Chicago,    111. 

PRESS  CLIPPINGS. 

United  States  Press  Clipping  Bureau,  The, 

State  &  Adams  Sts.,  Chicago^    [11. 

PRONG  LOCK,  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

PUBLISHERS. 

Comstock  Co..  The  W.  T..23  Warren  St..  N.  Y. 

Concrete    Age,    The Atlanta,    Georgia 

Manual  Arts  Press,  The, 

OOU  German  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria,  111. 

PULLEYS. 

Grant  Pulley  A  Hardware  Co., 

8  W.   20th   St.,    N.    Y. 

REFLECTORS. 

Frlnk.  I.  P 24th  St  and  10th  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

REFRIGERATORS.    PORCELAIN.    ETC. 

Tettenborn    Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati,     O. 

RINGS— Bridle,  Corner  Brace  (Bridle),  Sebco  Aerial. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co.  .147-149  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 

ROLLING  DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS— Steel. 
Grant    Pulley    and    Hardware    Co., 

3   W.   29th   St.   New   York   City. 
Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,   James  G., 

3  W.  29th  St,  New  York 

ROOFING  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Barrett  Mfg.  Co New  York,  N.  Y. 

SANITARY   SPECIALTIES. 

A.  P.  W.  Paper  Co Albany,  N.  Y. 

Celluvarno  Co.,  Inc.,  The, 

44  E.  Kinney  St.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

SASH  CHAINS. 

Morton,  Thomas 109  Elm  St,  N.  Y. 

SASH  CORDS. 

SllTer  Lake  Co Boston.  Mass. 

SASH  LOCKS. 

iTOs  Co.,  The  H.  B New  Hayen.  Conn. 

BASH  PULLEYS— Iron,  Brass,  Bronse. 
Grant  Pulley  Jb  Hardware  Co^ 

8  W.  29th  St.  N.  Y. 

SELF-CLINCHING  NAILS. 

Self-Clinching  Nail  Co Philadelphia,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  UFTS. 

Speldel,  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton,  O. 

SIGNS.    CHANGEABLE.    ETC. 
U.   S.   Changeable  Sign   Co.. 

3  W.   29th  St,   New  York 

SNOW  GUARD. 

Folaom   Snow  Guard  Co., 

Roslindale   (Boston),    Mass. 


SPRING  HINGES. 

Bommer  Bros.... 257  Classen  Aye.,  Bklyn,  N.  Y. 
Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co., 

Chicago.  111.;  New  York. 

SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

Rockwood  Sprinkler  Co...  128  William  St,  N.  Y. 
Vogel  Co.,  H.  G 12  Walker  St,  N.  Y. 

STATUARY-Religious. 

Daprato  Statuary  Company, 

31  Barclay  St,  N.  Y. 

STEEL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Clereland,  O. 

STEEL  JOIST   HANGERS. 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsie,   N.  Y. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co CleTeiand,  O. 

STUCCO. 

Monument  Plaster  Co .,. Harrison.  N.  J. 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (Automatic). 

Lane  Broe.   Co Poughkeepsie,    N.   Y. 

TERRA  COTTA. 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co... Ill  Broadway,  N.  Y. 
Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co., 

1000  Clyboum  Are.,  Chicago. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton,  O. 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Co. 

262  Monitor  St.,   Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

VENTILATING   LOCKS. 

H.    B.    Ives    Co.,    The New   Haven,    Conn. 

VENTILATING  RIDGING. 

Globe  VentUator  Co Troy,  N.  Y. 

VENTILATORS. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.  Y. 

Washburne  &  Co.,  E.  G...209  Fulton  St,  N.  Y. 

WALL   FINISHES— FLAT.    ETC. 
Keystone  Varnish   Co., 

71  Otsego  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

WATER   FILTERS. 

Loomis-Manaing  Filter  Co., 

828  Land  Title  Bldg.,  PhiUdelphU,  Pa. 

WEATHER    VANES. 

Jones,  Thos.  W 153  Maiden  Lane,  N.  Y. 

Washburne  ft  Co.,   B.   G., 

209   Fulton   St,   N.    Y. 

WINDOW  STOP  ADJUSTERS  AND  VENTILATING 
LOCKS. 
iTcs  Co.,  The  H.  B New  Hayen,  Conn. 

WIRE  ROPE. 

Broderick  &  Bascom  Rope  Co.. 

809  North  Main  St,  St  Louis.  Mo. 

WOODWORKERS.  ARCHITECTURAL. 

Irving  &  Casson 576  Fifth  Avenue,  N.  Y. 

WOOD-WORKING  MACHINERY. 
Barnes  Co.,  W.  F.  ft  John, 

506  Ruby  St.  Rockford.  III. 


>7g=^q?tf=^T\n 


11^  I 


:H 


BTT^nns^inr 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


When  writing:  AdvertlserB.  please   mention   Arcliltecture 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


E  V  E,  R  Y     HOT     WATER      NEED 

can  be  best  and  most  cheaplr  met  by  a 

HUMPHREY  GAS  WATER  HEATER 

^ti/les  and  Sixes  for  All  J<.eqairements 

For  the  majority  of 
needs  use  the  Hum- 
phrey Instantaneous 
Bath    Water    Heater. 

It  positively  supplies 
the  cheapest  hot  water 
in  the  world. 

For  large  homes  and 
where  hot  water  is 
wanted  at  many  dif- 
ferent faucets,  use 
Humphrey  Automatic 
Water  Heater. 

GUARANTEED 

instantaneods  bath  '"'^  *"  O*"  *"  W«M 

Made  by  HUMPHREY  COMPANY,  Kalamazoo.  Mich. 

Braaches  In  all  large  cttlea.    Representatives  everywhere 
When   writing  Advertisers,   Please  mention   Arcliltecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


1  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


BPMMEB 


^ 


ARE   QUALITY    GOODS 

But  coat  no  more  than  inferior  kinds 


I 


DON'T  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  when  specify- 
ing spring  hinges,  which  of  all  hardware  perform 
the  hardest  work.  Bomnier  Sprirg  Hinges  never 
fail  to  give  satisfaction,  and  have  withstood  the 

test  of  time.  The  springs  never  go  Ume. 
" Pra'tically  Unbreakable,"  says  the  World's 
Fair  Award,  Chicago,  1893. 


All  Vnio  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Them 


Architecture  and  Building 


A  Magazine  Devoted  to  Contemporary  Architectural  Construction 


Volume  XLIV. 


JANUARY,    1912 


Number  i 


A  CIVIC  GROUP  OF  EDUCATIONAL   BUILDINGS 


Designed  by  CHARLrES  P.  HUNTINGTON. 


A  NOTEWORTHY  group  of  build- 
ings is  being  erected  in  New  York 
City  at  155th  Street  and  Broadway,  near 
Riverside  Drive,  which  will  be  more 
familiar  to  New  Yorkers  as  the  trend  of 
life  and  business  pushes  further  up  town 
and  which  are  now  fine  examples  of  pri- 
vate enterprises  for  the  public  good.  This 
group  consists  at  present  of  the  Library 
and  Museum  for  the  Hispanic  Society 
of  America,  with  its  beautiful  terraces, 
approaches  and  grounds;  the  Numis- 
matic Society  building,  and  the  new 
home  for  the  American  Geographical  So- 
ciety (whose  old  building  was  on  8ist 
Street  and  was  itself  a  beautiful  ex- 
ample of  architecture  but  too  small  for 
the  Society's  present  needs).  Added  to 
these  is  a  new  church,  not  yet  completed 
for  the  Spanish  Catholics  of  New  York, 
which  is  shortly  to  be  consecrated  by  the 
new  Cardinal. 

These  buildings  bear  a  broad  signifi- 
cance in  that  they  are  examples  of  a  well 
planned  and  organized  civic  group. 
They  represent  a  nucleus  which  any 
broad-minded  citizen  would  rejoice  at 
seeing  increased.  On  a  site  that  a  decade 
ago  was  a  residence  park  extending  over 
several  times  the  area,  it  is  with  regret 
that  one  sees  them  bounded  by  the  tow- 
ering walls  of  apartment  houses,  the 
abode  for  the  most  part  of  a  type  of  un- 
appreciative  humanity.   It  is  to  be  hoped 


that  another  twenty  years  may  see  the 
extension  of  the  group  in  the  direction  of 
Riverside  Drive,  so  that  they  may  have 
a  clear  frontage  towards  the  Hudson 
River. 


Location   Plan   of  Buildings. 

Eight  years  ago,  when  the  district  oc- 
cupied by  these  buildings  was  called 
Audubon  Park,  a  great  deal  of  land  was 
acquired  by  Mr.  Archer  M.  Huntington 
for  the  purpose  of  housing  his  wonder- 
fully valuable  Spanish  library  and 
collections.  Upon  this  land  he  erected 
a  building  which  was  finished  in  1904 
at  a  cost,  with  its  approaches  and 
terraces,  of  $600,000.  It  was  entirely 
fireproof,  with  systems  of  heating,  light- 
ing, ventilation  and  burglar-proof  ar- 
rangements of  the  most  modern  types. 
No  wood  was  used  in  any  part  of  the 
building,  the  window  frames  and  doors 
being  of  solid  bronze,  and  the  interior 
doors  and  trim  of  metal  made  by  the 
Dahlstrom  Metal  Door  Co.  A  large  hall 
with  a  balcony,  and  lighted  from  over- 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THE    AMERICAN    QEOaRAPHICAL  SOCIETY    FROM  THE    TERRACE. 
OUb  Elevator.  Charles  P.  Huntlngtor 

Book  Slacks:  The  Snead  4  Co.  Iron  Works. 


head,  is  the  main  decorative  feature  of 
the  interior,  and  the  accompanying  illus- 
trations show  two  views  of  the  decora- 
tive features  and  arrangements  of  this 
room.  Constructed  of  terra-cotta,  and 
with  specially  designed  furnishings  and 
wonderful  coloring,  this  hall  is  perhaps 
the  most  unique  and  beautiful  bit  in 
America,  and  the  priceless  collection  it 
contains  of  Hispano-Mauresque  pottery, 
old  illuminated  manuscripts,  archaeo- 
logical collections,  paintings,  engrav- 
ings, coins,  maps,  etc.— the  whole  col- 
lected in  Spain  and  representing  her  his- 
tory—make it  a  place  of  absorbing  in- 
terest to  the  lover  of  archaeology,  art 
and  beauty.  Such  collections  as  that  of 
ancient  Spanish  ironwork  furnish  op- 
portunities to  the  student  of  architec- 
tural design  to  study  and  to  derive  ideas 
which  may  well  be  a  benefit  to  modern 
work.    To  the  art  lover,  the  fine  Velaz- 


quez, the  portrait  of  el  oonde  dc  Oli- 
varez,  is  irresistibly  attractive. 

The  remainder  of  the  building  is  occu- 
pied by  large  stack  rooms,  catalc^ue 
rooms,  offices  of  the  Librarian  and  Sec- 
retary, and  the  numerous  arrangements, 
carefully  studied  by  the  founder  and  the 
architect  for  the  working  purposes  of 
the  Society  and  the  preservation  and  pro- 
tection of  its  priceless  collections. 

After  the  completion  of  the  Hispanic 
Society's  building,  its  founder,  who  was 
interested  in  many  learned  societies  of 
New  York,  conceived  the  idea  .of  trying 
to  centralize  them,  for  their  common  ad- 
vantage as  well  as  to  create  a  group  of 
architectural  beauty  that  should  adorn 
the  city.  To  this  end  he  presented  land 
to  the  American  Numismatic  Society, 
who  raised  funds  and  erected  an  adjoin- 
ing building:  and  later  to  the  American 
Geographical  Society,  while  his  interest 


A   CIVIC  GROUP. 


%    g 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


ELEVATION  OP  THE  AMERICAN 

in  the  Spanish  people  led  him  to  offer  The  two  buildings  will  ultimately  be  con- 

them  a  plot  of  ground  for  their  church,  nected  above  ground,  and  accompanying 

of  which  they  were  in  need.  wings  to  the  east  will  follow, 

The    Numismatic    Society's    building        As  the  idea  of  expansion  grew,  the 

was  built  in  1907,  and  contains  complete  architect    determined    upon    a    general 

arrangements  for  the  needs  of  that  So-  plan;    and    the    new    building    for    the 

ciety.    It  also  has  a  hall,  with  a  balcony,  American  Geographical   Society  is  part 

for  the  exhibition  of  the  collection,  as  of  its  development.   This  building,  at  the 

well    as    hbrary,   offices,   and    necessary  corner  of   156th  Street  and   Broadway, 

workii^  rooms.   Unfortunately  the  funds  has  but  recently  been  finished,  and  cost 

available   for  this  building  necessitated  $30O,oc».   It  is  125  feet  long  by  65  feet 

its   being   built   of    reinforced   concrete  wide,  and  is  built  entirely  of  limestone, 

with  stucco  finish,  instead  of  limestone.  As  these  buildings  will  form  part  of  a 

Connecting  it  with  the  Hispanic  Library  general  scheme,  the  height  of  the  cornice 

is  a  raised  terrace,  covering  two  stories  and  exterior  style  conform  to  the  His- 

underneath,  which  was  necessitated  by  panic   Society's   Library;  but   a   terrace 

the  requirements  of  the  latter   Society,  sightly  below  the  street  level  gives  the 


A  anc  GROUP. 


Ill 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


A   CIVIC  GROUP. 


READING    ROOM   OF   THE    HISPANIC   SOCIETY. 


Copyrlgm.    imi, 

Opportunity  for  a  strong  lower  story 
below  the  colonnade,  and  the  architect 
ha.s  arrived  at  beautiful  proportions.  In 
all  probability  a  future  edifice  will  be 
erected  at  the  corner  of  155th  Street  and 
Broadway,  conforming  to  the  architec- 
ture of  the  Geographical  Society's  build- 
ing and  making  a  superb  entrance  from 
Broadway  to  the  raised  terraces  upon 
which  the  Hispanic  and  Numismatic  So- 
cieties' buildings  are  now  placed,  and 
where  it  is  hoped  the  future  will  develop 
a  fine  group  around  an  interior  court  or 
garden. 

The  American  Geographical  Society 
building  has  an  interior  splendidly  suit- 
ed to  the  requirements.  One  part,  rep- 
resented in  the  fagade  as  a  separate  mo- 
tive, contains  a  six-storied  stack  room 
to  contain  260,000  books.    The  interior 


Bpsnic    Society    of  America. 

of  this  is  exclusively  of  steel  construc- 
tion, done  by  The  Snead  &  Co.  Iron 
Works,  and  is  the  most  modern  and  per- 
fect in  library  construction.  Large  map 
rooms,  offices,  editorial,  reading,  lecture 
and  exhibition  rooms,  complete  the  inte- 
rior arrangements. 

The  Spanish  Church,  or  more  correct- 
ly speaking,  Chapel,  is  situated  on  156th 
Street,  near  Riverside  Drive.  This  is  a 
gem  of  architecture,  Roman  in  style, 
built  of  terra-cotta  and  brick,  and  placed 
on  a  terrace  at  the  top  of  a  flight  of 
steps.  This  Chapel  will  form  no  part  of 
the  ultimate  arrangement  of  the  group 
already  mentioned,  but  its  style  conforms 
to  that  of  the  other  buildings. 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  no  illustra- 
tions can  as  yet  be  given  of  the  interior. 
It  is  classic  in  treatment,  and  the  Church 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


A   CIVIC  GROUP. 


FHONT  ELEVATION  OP  THE  SPANISH  CATHOLIC  CHURCH. 

Cliarles  P.  Huatlni 


Glass  and  Decorative  Company  liave  fur- 
nished beautiful  stained  glass  windows, 
while  the  Stations  of  the  Cross  are  fine 
decorative  paintings.  A  high  altar,  de- 
sired by  the  architect  and  costing  $20,- 


GOo,  is  in  process  of  erection.  It  is  a 
beautiful  Renaissance  design,  construct- 
ed of  Sienna  marble.  Side  altars  of  the 
same  material  contain  paintings  by  noted 

artists. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


The  architect  of  the  whole  group  of 
buildings  is  Mr.  Charles  P.  Hunting- 
ton, who  has  made  these  buildings  a 
credit  to  New  York  City.  The  future 
will  probably  show,  when  the  scheme  of 
development  is  continued,  the  group  to 
be  one  of  the  most  interesting  examples 
of  concentrated  effort  towards  a  general 
scheme  that  exists  outside  of  most  uni- 
versities. No  educational  society  is  ab- 
solutely complete  in  itself,  and  with  such 
a  grouping,  the  immediate  data  for  con- 
suhation  contained  in  the  library  and 
collection  of  each  society  is  made  con- 
veniently accessible,  an  arrangement  that 
works  for  the  common  benefit  of  the  so- 
cieties as  well  as  of  the  student;  and  as 
time  goes  on,  centralization  in  heating, 
lighting,  and  a  general  utilitarian  co-op- 
eration will  follow. 

These  buildings  were  all  erected  by 
John  Clark  Udal. 


SWISS   CHALET    DESIGN 

ARTICLE  III. 

By  WM.   S.   B.   DANA,   B.   S. 


THE  frame-work,  or  shell, 
of  the  chalet  was  the  basis  of 
the  two  previous  articles. 
The  essential  structural  mo- 
tives, together  with  a  ref- 
erence to  the  ornamentation. 
with  relation  to  the  construc- 
tion, and  the  analysis  of  actual  examples, 
formed  their  principal  subject  matter. 

It  is  doubtfid  if  the  present  moment 
tould  be  improved  upon  for  the  exposi- 
tion of  two  cardinal  features  of  chalet 
design  which  are  in  themselves  struc- 
tural, and  yet  are  not  necessary  to  the 
main  construction,  being  really  "by- 
products" of  it — the  balconies  and  gables. 


These  dominate  the  design  to  such  an 

extent  that,  in  the  case  of  the   former. 

they  often  encircle  the  building,  and  in 

the  latter  instance  they  sweep  beyond  the 

walls  at  the  front  a  distance  of  ten  feet 

or  more,   and   at   the   sides,   sometimes 

eet  of  the  ground. 

of  the  utmost  ini" 

le  depths  of  shade 

;y  can.se  and  also 

y    chosen    as    the 

t  richness  and  in- 

the   case  of   bal- 

ally    true    of    the 

[  their  balustrades 

and  bracket- work 

s.     In  the  case  of 

rturesquc  curvings 

ir  great  consoles. 


and  the  reflected  shadows  of  these,  and 
the  rib-work  of  the  gable's  under  por- 
tion. The  A-shaped  gable  wall  and  its 
treatment  with  relation  to  the  whole  de- 
sign will  be  dealt  with  in  a  later  article. 


starting  point  in  the  study 
of  these  secondary  structural  elements  is 
essential.  If  we  suppose,  then,  that  a 
floor- beam  or  cross- wall  beam  at  any 
story  is  made  to  protrude  through  the 
outer  wall  a  few  feet,  we  will  have  the 
basis  of  balcony  construction.  Two  of 
these  beams,  the  proper  distance  apart, 
with  boards  or  planks  laid  across  them, 
are,  crudely,  a  balcony — minus  the  means 
of  protection  from  falling;  thus.  Fig.  15. 
A  three-foot  post  standing  on  each  outer 
comer  form .  the  points  of  support  for 


the  low  protecting  walls  along  the  front, 
and  at  the  two  end  edges,  as  in  Fig.  16. 
A  front  rail  and  two  end  rails,  connect- 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


ing  the  tops  of  the 
posts  with  the  main 
wall,  complete  the 
^^  protecting  frame ;  up- 
right boards,  placed 
tightly,  edge  to  edge, 
and  running  from 
floor-edge  to  rail,  fin- 
ish the  enclosing  wall. 
If  for  the  sake  of  de- 
sign and  appearance, 
as  well  as  construc- 
tion, a  greater  num- 
ber of  beam-ends  and 
a  much  longer  row  of 
them  are  desired,  also 
a  lateral  beam  sup- 
porting their  outer 
ends,  itself  in  turn 
supported  by  diagon- 
al braces,  or  on  the 
ends  of  consoles,  the 
diagram  in  Fig.  17  will  represent  the 
result. 

The  methods  of  decorating  and  mould- 
ing all  parts  of  this  structure  may  be 
seen  in  the  accompanying  cuts  and  illus- 
trations. In  Fig.  18  a  section  of  a  bal- 
cony at  Grindelwald  is  given.  Fig.  19  is 
a  cut  of  a  balcony  at  Varembo. 


FIG.   18.      SECTION' 
OF    BALCONY- 
GRINDELWALD. 


tation  of  these  strips  by  means  of  per- 
forations, large  and  small,  arranged  on 
vertical  and  horizontal  axes,  also  their 
scooping  at  the  bottom,  and  the  capping 
of  the  posts  at  the  top,  speak  for  them- 
selve,*.  The  brackets  are  the  projecting, 
as  dislinguished  from  the  brace  form. 
In  the  section  of  the  granary  at  Gold- 
eren,  on  page  13,  wliich  was  spoken  of 
in  detail  in  a  previous  number,  the  sec- 
tion of  the  balcony,  the  balustrade  and 
consoles,  as  well  as  the  corresponding 
parts  of  the  gables,  are  here  clearly 
shown.  Below  this  is  the  interesting 
chalet  on  the  Lake  of  Brienz  with  a  bal- 
cony nearly  surroiuiding  it.  The  above 
cut,  Fig.  20,  is  a  form  of  bracket  which 
occurs  almost  universally. 

.•\n  example  of  a  balustrade  at  Eb- 
lingen  is  given  in  Fig.  21. 

The  geometry  of  the  chalet  gable  may 
be  seen  in  the  diagram.  Fig.  22.  The 
elemental  portions  thereof  may  be  seen 
at  a  glance.  A  B  C  J  K  L  represent 
the  sofllit;  J  K  L  D  E  F  represent  the 
outline  of   the   gable   wall  proper;   the 


FIG.    19.      BALCONY    AT    V.VREMBO. 

It  will  be  seen  that  all  beam-ends  are 
moulded,  and  their  under  edges  cham- 
fered. In  the  balustrade,  the  post  and 
rail  framework  form  a  panel  for  the  ver- 
tical strips.    The  characteristic  ornamcn- 


SfVISS  CHALET  DESIGN. 


*^  Mn 

"t 

SECTION  AT  GRANARlf— GOLDBREN. 


(Oraffenrled  &  StUrler.) 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


SWISS  CHALET 
B 

DESIGN. 
K 

■5 

y^ 

[Sn 

\ 

-, 

^ 

-^h'^ 

■<c: 

^ 

n 

kC 

^<: 

^ 

F 

I 

OABLE   CONSOLES 


Trrrs 


o 

H 


WIXDOW    SECTION    AND    DETAIL. 


ARCmrECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


proportion  of  the  space  between  the 
gable  wall  and  gable  soffit  occupied  by 
the  consoles  is  easily  apparent.  As  an 
example  of  a  gable  which  closely  cor- 
responds to  the  diagram,  the  cut  below 
Fig.  22,  of  a  gable  in  Canton  Geneva, 
is  given.  Other  excellent  examples  may 
be  seen  in  the  accompanying  cuts.  Two 
classic  examples  of  chalet  consoles  from 
GrafTenreid  and  Stiirler  are  given;  also 
window,  door  and  shutter  details. 

In  passing  it  may  be  proper  to  refer 
to   the    recessed   balcony,   or   alcove,    a 


B,  Geneva,  Manufacturers- 
modem  substitute  for  the  overhanging 
or  projecting  balcony.  The  example 
above  is  very  characteristic,  with  its  flat- 
arched  head  springing  from  corner 
brackets.  The  water  tables  over  the 
other  windows,  supported  on  miniature 
brackets,  also  the  row  of  moulded  beam 
ends  over  ibe  central  double  window 
are  most  characteristic  of  chalet  design. 
The  shutters,  also,  should  be  noted,  jtTtd 
the  wall  carving  above  the  row  of  beam 
ends. 

(To    be   continued.) 


1  1 

1 

i 

SHUTTERS. 


THE  HOLLOW-TILE   FIREPROOF   HOUSE 


Article  IV. 
By  FREDERICK  SQUIRES. 


FOUNDATION    IVALLS. 

Where  so  indicated  on  plans,  the  foun- 
dation walls  from  the  top  of  the  footings 
are  to  be  constructed  of  nine-hole  12  inch 
X  12  inch  X  12  inch  hollow-tile  blocks  or 
of  six-hole  blocks  laid  up  to  give  a  triple 
air  space. 

EXTERIOR   \%ML.LS    AND    BEARING 
PARTITIONS. 

The  exterior  walls  and  partitions  are 
to  be  of  the  thickness  sihown  on  the  plans 
and  must  be  in  accordance  with  the  fore- 
going conditions  of  quality. 

SUBDIVIDING   PARTITIONS. 

Subdividing  i>artitions  are  to  be  of 
hardr-burned  terra-cotta  or  g>'psimi 
blocks.  All  partitions  are  to  be  started 
on  the  structural  floor  and  wedged 
against  the  floor  slab  above. 

JAMBS. 

All  double4iung  windows  are  to  have 
jambs  made  by  running  the  "Texture- 
Tile"  beyond  the  backing  to  receive  the 
window-frame  box.  The  space  between 
the  blocks  and  the  frame  box  is  to  be 
well  filled  with  mortar  to  prevent  the 
passage  of  air  or  moisture  through  the 
same. 

LINTELS. 

The  lintels  over  all  openings  are  to  be 
double  lintels,  with  special  lintel  blocks 
reinforced  with  steel  bars  and  concrete, 
as  per  detail  shown  on  detail  sheet.  Care 
must  be  taken  not  to  bulge  the  lintels 
outward  when  placing  the  concrete. 

SILLS. 

All  sills  are  to  be  formed  of  **Texture- 
Tile/*  laid  with  a  slight  pitch,  so  as  to 
shed  water.  Care  must  be  taken  to  fill 
all  joints  so  as  to  prevent  moisture  work- 
ing through. 


ARCH   OPENINGS. 

All  arched  opemngs  shown  on  the 
plans  are  to  be  built  of  two-course  rol- 
lock  arches  of  "Texture-Tile,"  carefully 
laid  on  substantial  cejiters. 

FLOOR    BEAM    BEARINGS. 

Terra-cotta  slabs,  i  inch  thick,  are  to 
be  provided  and  set  in  the  walls  under 
all  floor  beams  as  bearing  plates  for  same. 
These  slabs  are  also  to  be  used  for  work- 
ing up  to  levels  and  story  heights  when 
the  full  or  half  blocks  do  tiot  work  out 
correctly.  Similar  blocks,  J^-inch  thick, 
are  to  be  used  in  joint,  if  difficulty  is 
experienced  in  obtaining  a  wide  face 
joint  in  the  'Texture-Tile." 

ROOF  PLATES. 

Three-quarter-inch  bolts,  30  inches 
long,  provided  with  nuts  and  washers, 
are  to  be  embedded  at  intervals  of 
5  feet  in  the  wall  under  the  roof  plate 
and  are  to  project  6  inches  above  the 
top  of  the  wall.  These  are  to  provide 
fastening  for  the  plate.  Cement  grout 
is  to  be  filled  around  the  bolts  before 
placing  the  roof  plates. 

FLOOR    AND    ROOF    CONSTRUCTION. 

The  floor  and  roof  constructions  are  to 
be  of  the  type  known  as  the  combination 
hollow-tile  and  concrete  arch  construc- 
tion, consisting  generally  of  4-inch  rein- 
forced concrete  beams,  spaced  16  inches 
on  centers,  with  hollow-tile  blocks  be- 
tween, all  of  which  are  to  have  at  least 
4  inches  bearing  on  the  walls. 

TILE. 

Tlie  depth  of  the  tile  filler  blocks  is  to 
be  regulated  by  the  span  and  load  to  be 
carried  and  is  to  be  of  the  size  indi- 
cated on  the  plans.  All  blocks  are  to  be 
wet  before  concrete  is  placed,  so  as  to 
insure  a  good  bond  with  the  concrete. 


l8  ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 

CENTBR9. 

Centers  are  to  be  of  such  size  as  to 
insure    their    non-deflection    under    the     ^pf 
weight  of  the  wet  concrete,  and  are  to       y^ 
be  provided  in  such  quantity  as  to  insure       yij 
speedy  work.    Care  must-betaken  not  to 
remove  the  centers  before,  the  concrete 
is  hard,  and  under  long  spans  a  center 
line  of  supports  must  be  maintained  for 
at  least  three  weeks  after  the  concrete 
has  been  poured.     In  cold  weather  the 
centers  must  be  left  in  place  until  their 
removal  is  directed  by  the  architect. 

WATERPROOFING.  PL/ 

A'll  foundation  walls  are  to  be  water-       'H 
proofed  by  painting  on  the  outside  with     ^'^ 
two  coats  of  waterproof  paint  or  by  a 
J^-inch  coat  of  rich  cement  mortar. 

WIRE  LATH. 

All  joints  between  the  stud  work  and 
masonry  and  all  chases  for  heating,  light- 
ing and  plumbing  are  to  be  covered  with 
an  approved  brand  of  expanded  metal- 
lath.  All  exterior  corners  are  to  be  pro- 
tected with  an  approved  corner  bead.  /^'^ 

PliASTBRING. 

All  walls,  ceilings,  insides  of  all  closets, 
and  soffits  of  all  stairs  are  to  be  plastered 
with  King's  Windsor,  Adamant,  Rock- 
wall, or  other  equally  good  cement  plas- 
ter, put  on   according  to  the  manufac-  ^fjQ' 
turer's  directions,  and  finished  with  sand     rr-jj 
finish  in  all  cases.    All  plastering  is  to  be      -  .. 
heavy  enough  to  overcodie  all  inequalities 
in  the  tile. 

There  is  to  be  no  plastering  in  storage 
space  of  unfinished  attic,  but  all  walls  and 
ceilings  are  to  be  whitewashed  with  two 
coats  of  lime  whitewash.  At  completion, 
and  after  all  ntechanics  have  left,  except 
painters,  the  plasterers  are  to  cut  out  all 
pits,  stains  and  cracks,  refinish  surface, 
and  leave  the  job  clear  and  perfect. 

All  plastering  is  to  be  true  and  straight  ^^^  LAlL    Or 

and  from  cdling  to  floor  in  every  case.  DOU5LE  HUNG  \J\NVOW 

FLOORING. 

After  the  top  of  the  rough  floor  has 
been  leveled  up  with  cement  by  the  ma-  ""^S^^^oT^INCHC?'^ 


THE   HOLLOH'-TILE  FIREPROOF   HOUSE. 


StCT10,N-  ?l^N  AT    CoaNIt. 

PrTAl!.  or   TtXTUCI  Tllt 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THE   HOLLOW-TILE   FIREPROOF   HOUSE. 


§ 
f 


21 


son,  a  composition  or  tile  floor  is  to  be 
laid  as  indicated.  The  tile  is  to  be 
6-inch  X  6-inch  red  Welsh  quarry,  Rook- 
wood,  Moravian,  or  other  suitable  tile, 
and  all  set  in  cement. 

The  composition  floors  are  to  be  As- 
bestolith,  Kompolite,  Marbleoid,  Tay- 
lorite,  or  equal,  laid  according  to  the 
manufacturer's  directions  and  provided 
with  a  base  of  the  same  material. 

The  following  materials  and  work  are 
influenced  by  this  construction,  and  we 
offer  herewith  various  suggestions  which 
may  prove  of  assistance  in  writing  the 
full  specifications  for  them. 

The  carpenter  should  provide  for  his 
nailing  by  plugging  the  walls  or  direct- 
ing the  mason  to  lay  porous  blocks  at 
proper  points  whereto  trim,  base,  shelves, 
wainscots  or  any  woodwork  may  be  se- 
cured. He  must  be  careful  not  to  pierce 
his  outside  walls  with  plug  fastenings  for 
wooden  decorative  features,  as  these  are 
sure  to  cause  a  leak. 

If  he  sets  up  the  forms  for  floors,  they 
should  be  crowned  and  very  securely 
braced  to  prevent  the  dead  load  of  the 
floor  construction  and  the  weight  of  the 
workmen  walking  about  on  the  floor  be- 
fore it  has  set  from  deflecting  the  fin- 
ished beams. 

He  should  be  specially  careful  not  to 
pull  the  girder  forms  too  soon,  as  the 
shear-resisting  strength  of  concrete  de- 
velops more  slowly  than  the  compressive 
strength.  H  the  refinements  of  window 
and  door  details  shown  on  the  detail 
sheet  are  carefully  followed,  the  chances 
of  leakage  at  these  points  will  be  mini- 
mized, and  it  may  be  remarked  that  these 
points  are  especially  vulnerable. 

It  is  to  be  remarked  that  wood  will 
alwavs  shrink  awav  from  concrete,  and 
this  fact  has  to  be  taken  seriously  into 


account.  In  general,  too  much  emphasis 
cannot  be  laid  on  extreme  care  and  thor- 
oughness wherever  masonry  and  wood- 
work come  in  contact. 

The  sheet-metal  worker  must  provide 
carefully  against  leakage,  as  water  is 
the  greatest  enemy  of  tile  construction. 
Flashing  is  difficult  on  account  of  the 
large  size  of  the  tile  compared  to  the 
brick  which  he  is  accustomed  to  flash. 
The  cap-flas'hing  should  be  built  into  the 
tile-work  as  it  goes  up,  and  every  archi- 
tect knows  what  a  difficult  thing  it  is  to 
get  this  done,  because  the  siheet^netal 
man  is  seldom  on  the  job  at  that  stage 
of  the  operation.  Heating,  lighting  and 
plumbing  involve  the  same  difficulties, 
those  of  cutting  the  walls  and  crossing 
the  pipes  on  the  floors.  Nothing  is  so 
heartbreaking  as  to  see  a  carefully  erect- 
ed tile  wall  ait  all  to  pieces  by  these 
three  trades.  Such  cutting  may  seriously 
weaken  the  structure,  and  one  is  tempted 
to  lay  down  the  general  rule,  however 
radical,  that  all  vertical  heating  and 
plumbing  pipes  must  be  e;xposed.  If  the 
walls  must  be  cut,  it  is  the  business  of 
the  architect  to  consult  with  the  subcon- 
tractors and  worJ<  out  the  places  where 
the  cutting  will  do  the  least  structural 
damage.  The  horizontal  pipes  are  apt  to 
be  crossed  on  top  of  the  floor  slab  and 
greatly  increase  the  amount  of  cinder  fill 
necessary  to  cover  them.  Heating  pipes 
that  run  covered  in  concrete  should  have 
sleeves  to  allow  for  expansion  and  con- 
traction. If  the  electrician,  plumber  and 
heater  provide  the  architect  with  rough 
piping  plans,  nearly  all  difficulties  may  be 
avoided  in  the  office  and  a  great  deal 
of  trouble  averted.  It  may  be  remarked 
here  that  the  heating  contractor  may 
figure  less  lieat  loss  through  hollow-tile 
walls  than  in  any  other  known  construc- 
tion. 


(To  be  continued.) 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


rtrra-Cotta;  Northwestern  Terra-Cotta  O 
lO.OOO  Barrels  Chicago  -AA"  Portland  Cer 
SvanB  "CreBcent"  Expansion  Bolts  Used. 


THE  CHICAGO   CITY   HALL 


HOLABIRD  &  ROCHE,  Architects. 


SOME  years  ago  we  presented  illus- 
trations accompanied  by  plans  of 
the  Cook  County  Court  House,  which  oc- 
cupied one-half  of  the  site  devoted  to  the 
City  Hall  and  the  Court  House.  Less 
than  a  year  ago,  the  Chicago  City  Hall 
was  completed,  filling  in  the  other  half 
of  this  plot.  This  fine  building,  which 
in  its  erection  was  characterized  by 
honest  methods,  reflects  credit  jn  its 
completion  on  the  city  government  for 
a  great  undertaking  well  fulfilled.  The 
combined  buildings  cost  about  $10,000,- 
000,  and  consist  of  twelve  stories,  205 
feet  being  the  total  height.  The  Court 
House  contains  56  court  rooms  in  the 
upper  stories,  and  is  one  of  the  largest 
buildings  devoted  to  the  purpose  in  the 
world.  The  City  Hall,  comprising  the 
other  half  of  the  structure,  is  one  of  the 
largest  municipal  buildings. 

The  City  Hall,  which  is  the  principal 
subject  of  this  article,  is  a  model  exam- 
ple of  such  a  structure  designed  to  meet 
the  needs  of  a  great  city.  The  lower 
story  contains  the  great  entrance  corri- 
dors and  various  offices  as  shown  by  the 
plan.  The  second  story  has  the  Council 
Chamber  as  its  principal  room.  This 
Council  Chamber  is  designed  in  Italian 
Renaissance  style,  and  is  finished  through- 


out in  dark  English  oak.  Its  walls  are 
panelled  and  its  ceiling  beamed  in  this 
wood.  Broad  paintings  form  a  frieze 
about  the  room.  The  dimensions  of  the 
room  are  97  feet  in  length  by  61  feet  in 
width,  with  a  ceiling  height  of  28  feet. 
The  present  seating  capacity  provides 
for  70  aldermen,  but  there  is  sufficient 
additional  space  in  the  room  for  extra 
desks  if  the  bodv  should  be  increased  in 
number. 

In  construction  the  building,  like  many 
other  Chicago  structures,  rests  on  cais- 
sons which  are  carried  down  to  solid 
rock,  varying  distances  of  from  75  to 
114  feet.  The  frame  is  of  steel  and  the 
fireproofing  of  tile.  The  exterior  is  of 
granite.  Some  30,000  barrels  of  Chicago 
Portland  cement  were  used  in  the  con- 
struction, and  characteristic  of  the  qual- 
ity of  the  work  done  throughout  the 
building  are  the  recommendations  given 
this  material.  Prof.  A.  N.  Talbot  of  the 
University  of  Illinois,  says  "I  have  found 
every  indication  that  the  cement  used 
in  the  concrete  work  was  of  excellent 
quality."  It  seems  that  this  general 
opinion  could  be  applied  to  the  whole 
construction.  It  would  be  well  if  the 
same  could  be  said  of  every  enterprise 
carried  out  under  municipal  control. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


FLANS   OF  1 


CHICAGO    CITY   HALL. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


CHICAGO    CITY   HALL. 


ft 


ARCHITECTURE  A\D  Bi'lLDIXG. 


COMMONWEALTH  TKCST  COMPANY    UANKING  ROOM   IN  THE   BOSTON  HTOl'K    HXCHA 

UL'ILUING. 

Bronie    Counter    Screen:    The    Gorham     Company.  Peabod!*   &  Stearns,    Archlle' 


BOSTON  STOCK  EXCHANGE. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


NATIONAL   SAyiNGS   BANK. 


n  s 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


FIRE  PROTECTION  AND  THE  ARCHITECT 

Comments  on  Some  Current  Literature  With  Introduction  by  Edwin  O.  Torbohm. 

THE  ARCHITECT'S  OPPORTUNITY 


JUST  at  this  time,  when  the  City  of 
New  York  is  organizing  its  Bureau 
of  Fire  Prevention,  how  are  the  archi- 
tects prepared  to  meet  the  criticisms  to 
which  the  properties  of  their  clients  are 
likely  to  be  subjected?  How  far  will 
they  be  able  to  anticipate  the  require- 
ments of  this  bureau  in  their  new  crea- 
tions ? 

Knowledge  of  the  law  has  not  seemed 
necessary  to  raise  the  suspicion  in  the 
minds  of  many  that  some  of  the  provi- 
sions of  the  Hoey  Fire  Prevention  Bill 
are  unconstitutional.  Fire  Commission- 
er Johnson  himself  has  referred  to  this 
measure,  which  invests  him  with  so 
much  authority,  as  "absolutely  revolu- 
tionary and  drastic."  Added  to  this  is 
the  fear  that  in  their  eagerness  to  ap- 
pease a  section  of  the  community  still 
swayed  by  the  hysteria  so  prevalent  im- 
mediately after  the  Asch  Building  holo- 
caust— ^that  these  men,  untrained  in 
practical  fire  prevention,  may  ruthless- 
ly order  undesirable  or  unnecessary 
changes  or  additions  to  premises  reason- 
ably safe.  How  else  will  the  architect 
be  in  a  position  to  advise  his  client  log- 
ically and  definitely  except  he  acquire — 
and  quickly — a  knowledge  of  the  prin- 
ciples underlying  real  fire-prevention? 

For  these  principles  the  bureau  in- 
spector and  his  superiors  will  perforce 
resort  to  the  regulations  of  the  fire  un- 
derwriter to  whom  this  is  no  new  sub- 
ject. The  intelligent  application  of 
underwriters'  rules  requires  a  degree  of 
training  acquired  only  through  an  inti- 
mate and  extended  experience.  The 
reasons  back  of  the  rules,  however,  are 
simple  and  readily  comprehended.  The 
acquisition  of  a  knowledge  of  these  prin- 


ciples is  equally  the  privilege  of  the 
architect  as  of  the  bureau  inspector,  and 
places  at  the  disposal  of  the  former  a 
media  by  which  may  be  measured  the 
reasonableness  or  unreasonableness  of 
the  rulings  of  the  latter. 

Under  a  reasonable  interpretation 
there  will  be  no  conflict,  but  the  thought 
of  the  possible  chaos  into  which  we 
may  be  plunged  by  unreasonable  de- 
mands— ^unless  prepared  to  demonstrate 
their   unreasonableness — is   disquieting. 

It  is  not  to  be  presumed  that  the 
architect,  whatever  his  ability,  may  hope 
to  acquire  in  a  brief  period  the  full  un- 
derstanding of  that  science  which  it  has 
taken  the  insurance  engineer  a  lifetime 
to  develop.  It  is  not  necessary  that  he 
should.  The  details  may  well  be  left 
to  those  who  are  making  their  refine- 
ment a  specialty.  The  fundamental  prin- 
ciples, however,  can  and  must  be  studied 
and  absorbed  if  the  architect  aspires  to 
co-operate  with  the  various  agencies 
now  actively  engaged  in  fire-prevention, 
or  hopes  to  combat  successfully  the  er- 
roneous rulings  which  may  be  applied 
to  the  properties  erected  under  his 
supervision. 

Edwin  O.  Torbohm. 


In  sequence  to  Mr.  Torbohm's 
thoughts,  we  present  some  brief  reviews 
of  current  literature  which  will  prove 
instructive  reading  to  both  designer  and 
builder.  We  quote  from  "An  Appeal  to 
Architects  and  Builders,"  a  paper  pub- 
lished by  the  Home  Insurance  Com- 
pany: 

"Well  constructed  buildings  are  good 
risks  to  us,  and  we  hope  to  be  able  to 
demonstrate   to   you — and   through   you 


34 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


to  your  clients — that  a  good  building  is 
best  for  you  to  plan  and  build,  and  for 
them  to  own.  Many  considerations  are 
weighed  by  a  man  who  sets  out  to  find 
a  house :  if  a  dweUing  for  himself,  com- 
fort and  beauty;  if  a  store,  convenience 
and  suitableness;  if  a  factory,  strength 
and  adaptability.  But,  whatever  other 
conditions  are  considered,  there  is  one 
that,  first  and  last,  influences  and  gen- 
erally dominates  and  controls,  and  that 
is  the  cost.  That  must  always  be  count- 
ed. Is  it  always  counted  wisely?  What 
is  the  true  economy  in  house-building? 
Admitting  that  a  good  building,  even  at 
a  lower  insurance  rate,  is  better  for  us, 
can  we  establish  that  it  is  better  for  the 
owner?  If  this  can  be  done,  will  it  not 
be  your  pleasure  and  to  your  advantage 
to  advocate  a  wise  initial  outlay  of  some- 
what larger  sums  for  building,  to  make 
good  brick,  stone  or  concrete  walls; 
metal,  tile  or  slate  roofs;  substantial 
chimneys  from  the  ground — condemning 
and  opposing  the  use  of  poor  materials 
as  not  only  inferior  but  actually  in  the 
end  more  expensive  from  every  point 
of  view?" 

In  proof  of  this  argument  the  Home 
Insurance  Company  presents  compara- 
tive estimates  of  cost  for  the  construc- 
tion of  a  given  building  by  several 
methods.  It  then  shows  the  deprecia- 
tion in  wooden  construction  and  the  cost 
for  repairs,  giving  the  periods  of  years 
which  it  would  take  for  the  excess  orig- 
inal cost  of  a  brick  structure  to  be 
equalled  by  the  repairs  on  a  wooden  one. 
Similar  tables  show  the  different  rates 
of  insurance  on  building  and  contents, 
the  amounts  of  the  premiums  and  the 
comparison  between  the  initial  saving 
and  incidental  expenses  later  which  pro- 
duce a  higher  continuous  cost.  The 
paper  presents  the  argument  in  concise 
and  interesting  form  that  is  very  in- 
structive. 


"Individual  Fire  Fighting"  is  the  t 
of  a  pamphlet  issued  by  the  Rochej 
Chamber  of  Commerce.   This  gives  \ 
ticular  attention  to  the  two  great  i 
preventive  inventions — automatic  spri 
lers  for  the  extinguishment  of  intei 
fires,  and  fireproof  windows  glazed  \ 
wire-glass    for    protection    against 
ternal  hazard.     We  quote  the  ten 
vantages  of  automatic  sprinklers  as 
Rochester  Chamber  of  Commerce 
lines  them. 

"1.     It  is  on  duty  all  the  time. 

"2.     It  puts  all  of  Its  water  on  the  € 
pace  to  do  the  most  g:ood.    Compare  this 
the    lire    hose    of   the    city    departments 
apply  only  about  half  the  water  on  the  1 
of  the  fire  owing:  to  the  ang'le  at  which 
must  be  directed. 

**3.     The    sprinkler    system    operates 
where  it  is  needed.     It  does  not  flood  th 
tire  buildingr. 

"4.     It  works  just  as  effectively  in  a 
full  of  smoke  as  anywhere  else  and  sta: 
the  job  when  the  heat  would  drive  the 
men  away. 

"5.  It  ift  effective  at  the  top  of  a  til 
story  buildinf?  where  a  fire  hose  wil 
reach.  The  city  fire  departments  arc  se\ 
handicapped  above  90   feet  from  the    gi 

"6.     It    is    the    one    firreat    protection 
conflag-rations.      It    holds    a    flre    ba<k 
enougrh    for    the    flre    department    to    i 
under  control.      In   many   cases   it    has 
the  building:  so  protected. 

"7.  The  sprinkler  system  flreprool 
stock   contained   in   a   flreproof   build  in 

"8.     Sprinklers    can    be    used    in    chi 
theatres    and    schools    in    the    dang:er 
only  and  will  not  disflgrure  the  buildir 

"9.  A  sprinkler  system  will  pay  for 
in  from  five  to  seven  years  through  t 
duction  of  insurance  premiums.  Manj 
panics  will  Install  a  sprinkler  system  v 
charge,  except  for  the  difference  betw€ 
former  premium  and  the  new  one  for 
years.  At  the  end  of  that  time,  the  syi 
your  property  and  your  Insurance  is  \ 
rtduced. 

"10.  During  the  first  quarter  of  1 
1.086  fires  In  sprinkled  risks,  646  wer 
tically  or  entirely  extinguished  by  au^ 
srrlnklers,  403  were  held  In  check 
same  means,  and  In  but  37  cases  -w 
action  found  unsatisfactory." 

The  section  on  fire  retardani 
forth  the  reasons  why  wire-glass  i 
al  frames  is  most  economical  in  tl 
The  recommendations  under  "Co 
tion"  are  almost  equally  interest 


MERCANTJLE  BUILDINGS. 


i  : 


a   I 

3  I 


I   I 


11 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


31ST  STREET  AN!) 


OtlB  ElevatorH. 
Court  Brick;  Harbi 
Rock  wood  Sprinkle 
Fireproof  Doors:   R 


MERCANTILE  BUILDINGS. 


°  i 


III 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


CONSOLIDATED  GAS  CO.  BUILDING. 


BUILDING  FOR  THE   CONSOLIDATED  GAS  COMPANY  OF   NEW   YORK,   20TH   STREET 
AND  *TH    AVENUE. 

H.  J.  Hardenbergh.   Architect  ot   Fagaae, 


Dutldera:  Geo.  A.   Fuller  Co 
Metal  Lath;  Arthur  GreenHeld    Inc. 
Heating  i  ventilating;  BoSiS^^-lSLPf^/etor^^B 
Front  Brick:  Harbl  Hon -Walker  KeiracioripB 

Otis  Elevator 


:  DahlBtrom  Metal  Door 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


DE  KALB  THEATRE. 
1 


L- 


riverside:  theatre. 
Urcheatra  and   Balcony   Planf. 

Thom&s    W.    Lamb.    Archlte 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Clark   Co.  Photographa    by    courleay    o(    the    Brooklv: 

'  ExpaDBlon  Bolls  Used. 

•■•re  and  CarpetB:   Fraas  &  Miller. 

nt:  Electrical    Construction   &  Hupplv  Co. 


CHICAGO    CITY   HALL. 


3S« 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Il\  A 


Irrmi 


11-6X9-6 


A  STUCCO  HOUSE 

THE  accompanying  drawings  si 
the  exterior,  ground  and 
ond  story  plans  of  the  stucco  housi 
Charles  P.  Rawson,  architect,  at  I 
enswood  Manor,  Chicago,  The  extt 
is  stuccoed  in  a  deep  yellow,  and 
trimmings  are  white,  with  window 
and  downspouts  painted  blind  gi 
An  attractive  feature  of  this  home 
large  living  porch,  which  is  screene 
and  which  is  entered  only  from 
house.  The  entrance  door  is  on 
side  and  protected  by  a  small  per] 
The  house  is  provided  with  hot-v 
heat,  electric  light,  hot  and  cold  w 


rr 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING.  -  17 

Time  is  Money — Dilatory  Methods  Today  are  Intolerable. 

Cutting  Down  the   Time  and   Cost   of  Freight  Handling 

is  the  Thing  that  Counts 

In  planning  new  building  and  modernizing  old,  quick  and  economical  method  for  freight  and 
merchandise  handling  is  of  most  vital  imponance.  Today  everything  must  be  kept  moving. 
Nowhere  docs  this  apply  with  greater  emphasis  than  to  the  handling  of  merchandise  and  freight 
in  Factory,  Warehouse,  Shop,  Salesroom,  Docks,  Shipping  Platform,  Railway  Terminal,  etc, 
Every  back-track,  every  stop,  every  transfer  of  load,  every  delay  invites  congestion — is  a  waste 
of  time  and  money  and  should  never  obtain  in  the  systematic  conduct  of  any  business. 
Buildings  should  be  planned  t.3  meet  this  requirement. 

Manufacturing  and  Burinesi  Buildings  Equipped  with  the 

Otis  Inclined  Elevator 

Save  60%  to  80%  of  the  Time  and  Coat  of  Merchandiae  Handling 


Capacity  is  enormously  increased  and  freight 
handled  far  quicker  and  at  a  far  less  cost  than 
it  can  be  moved  by  any  other  method, — because 
ONE  Otis  Inclined  Elevator  will  Move 
More  Freight  in  a  Given  Time  than 
Six  or  Eight  Vertical  Elevators  of  the 
Uaual  Type,  or  Move  More  Freight  in 
the  Same  Time  than  Fifty  to  One 
Hundred  Men  and  Trucks  Alone  Can 
Handle. 


Oiia  Inclined  Elevator 

Running  continuously  in  one  direction,  up  or  down,  no 
time  it  waiicd  in  ttopa  to  load  or  unload.  No  ^ owcr  K  wasted 
in  intrnnittent  slirting;  no  operator  U  required;  there  are  no 
back-trackj;  no  itops  for  discharging  and  rehandling  of 
freight — the  movement  is  continuoua  from  the  initiation  of 
the  load  until  iia  final  delivery  at  iti  destination. 

Nor  doe*  it  matter  what  the  load*  may  weigh  or  how 
fast  they  come,  the  Otis  Inclined  Elevator  will  handle  Ihem. 
It  cannot  be  overloaded,  Its  capacity  is  limitless.  Ordinary 
installations  will  handle  from  600  to  1960  loads  per  hour — 
by  loads  is  meant  loaded  trucks  or  "  wheelers,"  with  or 
without  man, — and  it  will  keep  up  this  capacity  year  after 
yesu-.  An  electric  motor  is  all  that  is  needed  for  operation  and 
the  power  cost  seldom  runs  to  more  than  50  cents  per  day. 


Otis  Inclinal  Dock  Elevator 

WilliiNit  obUgaliaii  our  Englneariag  Dopartmant  will  tapplj  full  infor- 
nation,  show  tLe  way  to  boat  maat  ipccific  raquiramtnta  and  ■ub«ait 
a«tiaiat«   of   Installatioii  cost.     CorraspoDdeuce  inrited.     Write  to  us. 

Otis    Elevator    Company,    17  Battery  Place.  New  York 

OfBcas  in  aU  prindiid  citi»  in  Ihs  worU 
When  wrlllng  Advertisers,  pleaae  mention  Architecture   and  Building. 


18 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


PLUMBING   AND   HOUSEHOLD    SANITA- 
TION. By  J.  Pickering  Putnam.  Double- 
day,  Page  &  Co.,  Garden  City,  Publish- 
ers.    Price,  13.75  net;   postage,  35  cents. 

This  elaborate  volume,  which  is  dedicated 
to  the  Boston  Society  of  Architects,  Is  com- 
piled from  a  course  of  lectures  delivered 
before  the  plumbing  school  of  the  North 
End  Union,  Boston.  The  author  presents 
the  subject  in  44  chapters  and  has  collected 
an  enormous  mass  of  material  relative  to 
sanitation  and   plumbing  matters. 

The  work  possesses  historical  significance 
in  that  the  author  has  made  a  deep  re- 
search into  the  early  development  of  sani- 
tation. In  this  connection  the  illustrations 
are  profuse  and  interesting.  The  humani- 
tarian side  of  the  question  is  dealt  with,  and 
the  necessity  of  educating  the  populace  at 
large  to  a  knowledge  of  the  requirements 
of  proper  sanitary  equipment  is  dwelt  upon. 
Disease  and  its  production  by  inefficient 
sewage  disposal  is  considered  in  several 
chapters.  In  the  larger  portion  of  the  work 
which  deals  with  the  appliances  themselves, 
the  illustrations  are  very  numerous  and  the 
appliances  used  by  nearly  every  nationality 
in  every  period  of  civilization  have  been 
illustrated.  As  an  historical  treatise  on  the 
subject  of  plumbing,  this  book  will  find  a 
place  on  the  shelves  of  many  architects  and 
all  contractors  who  possess  more  than  a 
purely  mercenary  Interest  in  their  trade. 
One  great  advantage  is  the  appeal  that  the 
book  will  make  to  the  popular  reader.  It 
is  entertaining,  and  is  presented  In  a  semi- 
technical  style  that  does  not  tire.  This  is, 
perhaps,  the  result  of  the  author's  altruistic 
attitude.  The  healthy  home  to  house  a 
healthy  body  is  held  up  as  an  ideal  from 
first  to  last. 


THE    WIDTH    AND    ARRANGEMENT    OF 
STREETS.     A  Study  in  Town  Planning. 
By     Charles     Mulford     Robinson.       New 
York:     The   Engineering   News   Publish- 
ing Company.     Price,   $2.   net. 
This  latest  work  of  Mr.   Robinson's  is  an 
interesting    contribution    to     the     literature 
on  the  subject  of  town  planning.     He  states 
in  his  preface  he  had   three  sources   of  in- 
spiration   for    the    work:    first,    a    study    of 
some  thirty  towns  and  cities  in   the  United 
States   as   to   their   special   needs   regarding 
the  city  plan;   the  second  source  was  Har- 
vard    University,     to     the     Department     of 
Landscape   Architecture  of  which   the   book 
Is  dedicated.    The  third  source  was  a  recent 
European    trip    and    the    international    town 
planning  conference  In  London. 

When   writing   Advertisers,   please 


The  book  should  be  full  of  valuable 
gestions  to  architects  who  are  entering 
competitions  for  municipal  or  public  t 
ings,  designing  monuments  which  sha 
of  civic  importance,  or  laying  out  resic 
parks  and  other  civic  improvements. 

The  chapters  of  the  book  cover  the 
divisions  of  a  street  system;   the  8tan< 
izlng   of   streets;    width    and   housing; 
values;     main    traffic    streets;    the    cos 
street  construction  and  the  proper  plai 
of  streets  to  be  in  accordance  with  the: 
quirements  and  not  to  exceed  these  rec 
ments     in     cost.      The     platting    of    i 
streets,   and   public  reservations  other 
streets    are    also    treated.      The    book 
tains    many    extremely     instructive    p 
graphic  Illustrations. 


NOTES  ON  HEATING  AND  VENT 
TION.  By  John  R.  Allen,  Proj 
of  Mechanical  Engineering,  Univ 
of  Michigan.  Third  Edition.  Dor 
Engineering  Company,  Chicago, 
Ushers.     Price,   |2.50. 

Heating  and  Ventilation  appears 
third  edition  which  has  been  rewritten 
the  addition  of  considerable  new  ma 
The  book  has  been  put  In  more  des 
form  for  use  as  a  college  text-book,  i 
now  an  engineering  treatise  on  heatin 
ventilation  that  should  be  of  consld 
value  to  heating  contractors  and  engl 


PRACTICAL    SILO    CONSTRUCTION 
A.   A.   Houghton.     New  York:   The 
man    W.     Henley    Publishing    Con 
Price,   50   cents. 
The    methods    of    building  a   silo    Ir 
Crete,  both  monolithic  and  cement  bloc 
clearly  explained  by  the  author.     He  f 
discusses  the  silo  built  with  cement 
on    wire    lath,    reinforced    rods.      I>ia 
fully    explain    the    methods    of    consti 
employed. 


METAL  WORK  AND  ETCHING.      B: 
D.  Adams.  Popular  Mechanics  Cor 
Chicago.     Price,   25  cents. 
This    is    another    instructive    little 
prepared  at  a  popular  price,  which   w 
doubtedly    fascinate     the    novice     In 
working.     It  is  extensively  Illustrate) 
photographs     from    actual    work    anc 
diagrammatic  drawings. 

(Continued    on    page   28.) 


HENRY  L.  LEWEN.  £tr 

HIGHEST  GOLD  MEDi 
for  System  of  Constructi 

Folly  Protocted  by  U.  S.  Patents  and  Southern  America 

Spedaliali  in  lEINFOICED  Concrete 
200  FIFTH  avenue:,  NEW  Y< 


mention   Architecture   and  BulldingT. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


20 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Art  and  Architecture 


ARCHITECTURAL  LEAGUE  EXHIBITION 

The  27th  annual  exhibition  of  the  Archi- 
tectural Leagrue  of  New  York  will  open  on 
January  28th  In  the  gralleries  of  the  Ameri- 
can Pine  Arts  Society  at  215  West  57th 
Street,  and  continue  until  February  17th. 
Three  illustrated  lectures  have  been  an- 
nounced on  "Practical  Model  Towns"  by 
Grosvenor  Atterbury;  "Mural  Painting**  by 
Edwin  H.  Blashtleld.  and  "Review  of  Recent 
Sculpture"   by  Augnistus  Lureman. 

Some  exhibits  of  special  interest  in  the 
Vanderbilt  Gallery  are:  Rollin  Saltus*  Gar- 
dens for  Mr.  Sloane  at  Mt.  Klsco;  Charles 
A.  Piatt's  several  large  photos  of  country 
houses  and  gardens:  Palmer  and  Hornbostel, 
competition  drawing  for  North  Western 
University;  Hunt  &  Hunt,  Belmont  Chapel; 
Wilder  &  White,  accepted  design  for  Temple 
of  Justice,  Olympla,  Washington;  Green  & 
Wicks,  Toledo  Museum.  Toledo,  Ohio;  Mc- 
Klm,  Mead  &  White,  competition  for  Min- 
neapolis Museum  of  Pine  Arts;  Donn  Bar- 
ber's Y.  W.  C.  A.;  Elliott  Lynch,  Buffalo 
Cathedral;  Janssen  &  Abbott,  House  in 
Pittsburgh;  Cram,  Goodhue  &  Ferguson, 
Chapel  of  the  Intercession;  Clipston  Sturgis, 
church;  Kenneth  M.  Murchison's  palace  for 
the  President  of  Cuba;  Smith  &  Ross, 
sketch  for  studio;  Walker  &  Gillette, 
Broadway  Gardens;  Grosvenor  Atterbury, 
Phlpps  Clinic  at  John  Hopkins'  Hospital; 
Atterbury  &  Tompkins,  house  at  Forest 
Hills;  Albro  &  Lindeberg,  Fox  Hollow  Farm. 
Middle  gallery,  south  wall — Guy  Lowell,  His- 
torical Society  Building,  and  forty-flve  draw- 
ings from  the  Leon  DeCloux  collection 
loaned  by  the  Cooper  Institute. 

In  this  collection  breathes  the  atmosphere 
of  paint  and  powder  and  frills  and  frippery 
of  the  period  of  Marie  Antoinette.  Yet,  with 
it  all,  they  show  a  mastery  of  design,  and 
skill  in  rendering,  and  a  sense  of  grace  that 
charms  us  to-day,  and  is  capable  of  being 
utilized  in  most  modern  up-to-date  designs. 


Mr.  James  Reily  Gordon,  Architect,  an- 
nounces the  removal  of  his  offices  to  507 
Fifth  avenue,  adjoining  42d  street,  New 
York  City. 


HARRY  BISSING 

Consulting  Engineer 

specialist  in  Litfhtinif,  Heating. 
Ventiktintfand  Stage  Equip- 
ment for  Theatres  and  Halls 


THE    "LINCOLN   MEMORIAL." 

The  Pennsylvania  State  Aasociation  of 
American  Institute  of  Architects  is  actl 
pushing  the  cause  of  an  appropriate  '. 
coin  Memorial,  and  has  issued  the  fol! 
ing  letter  as  an  appeal  to  all  Pennsylv 
legislators: 

Dear   Sir— At    a    recent    meeting    of 
Pennsylvania    State    Association    of   Ai 
tects    the    "Lincoln    Memorial"    was  a 
Ject     of     serious     consideration,     and 
Secretary  was  instructed  to  express  to 
its   concern   regarding  the   proposed  su 
tution  of  a  Roadway  for  the  original  : 
of  monument.   The  Pennsylvania  State 
sociation  affirms  the  opposition  of  all  o 
subsidiary  bodies,  as  It  considers  the  P 
Highway  proposition  thoroughly  inappr 
at  >  as  a  memorial,  and  one  that  by  its  • 
mercial   and   intangible   nature   would 
Inadequately  symbolize  our  Country's  c 
tion    to    the    noble   man    we   aim   to   h 
A  dignified   and   monumental  memorial 
already  been  approved  unanimously  an 
site   definitely   determined   upon   by  ex 
of  the  highest  ability  and  by  men  of 
potent  Judgment  all  over  the  country, 
believe  that  a   memorial   to   Lincoln   si 
be  in  the  nature  of  an  offering  or  saci 
rather  than  a  playground  or  speedway,  \ 
has  an  entirely  different  object  in  vie 

Hoping  that  the  original  propositloi 
a  memorial  so  capable  of  the  highes' 
pression  and  inspiration,  as  well  as  th< 
portance  of  its  unequaled  location, 
also  appeal  to  your  good  Judgment 
meet  with  your  endoi^ement,  I  beg  t 
main,  very  respectfully  yours, 

WM.    L.    BAIL' 
Secret 


Forest  Products,  Nos.  1,  5  and  7,  pa 
lets  issued  by  the  Department  of  Comi 
and    JLiabor,    Bureau    of    Census,    deal 
"Wood    Pulp    Consumption,"    "Veneer" 
"Wood   DiaftiUatlon." 


The  Builders'  Exchange  Bulletin,  pub 
by  the  Builders'  Exchange  of  Baltl 
Md.,  is  an  interesting  publication  wh. 
devoted  to  matters  of  local  interest. 
Exchange  membership  is  an  active  on 
shows  a  well-organized  condition  o 
building  trades   of   Baltimore. 


963  W.  42d  STREET 


NEW  YORK 


HENRY   L.   LEW 

CONSULTING  EfiOIf4EEl 
in  Reinforced  Concrmt 

HighMt  GOLD  MEDAL  for  8TSTEH  of  Coiu 
200  Fifth  ATenue*  New  Yor! 


When   writing   Advertisers,   please  mention  Architecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


The  Oclobtr  and  November  issues  o(  the 
Journal  of  the  Asao elation  of  EnKineerlug 
Societips,  which  Is  published  in  Boston,  con- 
tain several  articles  of  particular  interest. 
One  on  the  "Water  Resources  of  the  State 
ot  New  Torh"  In  the  October  issue,  is  in- 
structive and  valuable,  as  It  offers  an  op- 
portunity to  manutaclurers  who  are  look- 
ing for  factory  sites  where  water  Is  re- 
quired. In  the  November  Issue  there  are 
ta-o  articles.  "The  Improvement  of  New 
Orleans  Harbor"  and  "The  Panama  Canal." 
This  last  article  deals  with  the  algnlflcance 
ot  the  canal  In  transportation  probleniB.  as 
well  as  describing  the  scope  of  the  engineer- 
ing  work    Involved. 

The  Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of 
Engineers  contains  In  its  October  isaue  an 
article  on  "The  Economic  Construction  of 
Storage  Bins  and  Treflseis  in  Cement 
Plants"  by  H.  S.  Marston.  There  are  other 
articles  of  engineering  interest.  In  the  No- 
vember Issue  an  article  on  the  Chicago 
River    tunnels    Is    ot   particular    interest. 

In  the  September  issue  of  the  American 
Society  o(  Engineering  Contractors,  a  paper 
on  "A  Simple  Form  for  Cost  Analysis"  Is 
ot  value.  It  gives  a  standard  blank  form 
tor  this  purpose.  The  paper  was  a  subject 
for  considerable  discussion  before  the  So- 
ciety. 

Forest  Service  Circular  No.  187.  U.  S. 
Department  of  Agriculture,  treats  ot  the 
manufacture  and  utilization  of  hickory,  rep- 
■  resenting  the  conditions  in  1911.  Forest 
Bulletin  No.  ]03,  deals  with  the  distinguish- 
ing characteristics  of  North  American  gum 

CIVIL.  SERVICE  EXAMINATIONS. 
Competitive  examinations  under  the  rules 
o(  the  United  States  Civil  Service  Commis- 
sion will  soon  be  held  throughout  the  United 
States.  Full  particulars  may  be  procured 
by  addressing  the  Commission  at  Washing- 
ton, D.  C:  or  the  Secretary  of  the  Bureau  ot 
Examiners  at  the  postofflce  In  Boston,  Mass.; 
Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Atlanta,  Ga.;  Cincinnati, 
O.;  Chicago.  IlL;  St.  Paul,  Minn.;  Seattle, 
Wash.:  San  Francisco.  Cal.;  Customhouse, 
N.  T.;  New  Orleans,  lia.  Old 
t,   St.   Louis,   Mo, 

FOR  SALE 

iblished  architect  business  in 
vn  of  16,000.  Location,  office 
plans,  etc.  Modest  price. 
CHAPIN    PARKER,    Wcst- 

ichusc'Hs. 


HAVE  TOU  SEEN  THE  LATEST 
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bin  ™™i  hll'hfoonu^s'  -""ti™ 
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Sni»ll»r  moilBl*  for  UDIb  deoof»Uoii. 
ThMB  novel  liss  ire  pUiwi  on  the  TnirkBl 
this  u«BDn  foe  tbs  fint  time.  Theis 
cblmeB  run  ba  t^onceaied  bj  floven  or 
vlaet.wid  the  Istut  braath  ot  (It  will 
prediwe  thB  bwhb r cut  tonoii.  mini HB  sr 
Dannlli  from  n  dlsUnre.  We  nlsoTux 

itoU  line  of  «]1  kiodi  of  K»rdr-  ' 

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other  Enrden  beaatUen.  \i 
CitulOBne. 

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431  Fourlh  Aic,  NEW  VOU 

300  Schenck  Ava..  Brooklrn,  V,  Y. 


Telephone.  Li>aoi  3113 

F.W.COHN.E.E. 

Elfttrital  ffinntrtutnr 

1122  MADISON  AVENUE 

NEW  YORK 

The 


Marble  &  Shattuck 
Chair  Company    - 


OfVELAMD,  OHO 

Makers  of 
Fine  Chun 


a 

13 


NEW  YORK  OFFICE 
[Mfariiffl  Ndc.  47  Wed  3. 

CHICAGO    OFFICE 


I   Architecture  i 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Fireproofing  and 
Fire-Protection 

MR.  G.  H.  STEWART 

FROZEN    SPRINKLER    SYSTEMS. 

The  New  York  PFre  Insurance  Euehange 
has  issued   the   follonlng  wamlng: 

'"To  Owners,  Superintendents  and  Tenants 
ot  Buildings  Equipped  with  Automatic 
Sprinklers:  Attfntlon  Is  called  to  the  ne- 
cessity for  extra  care  of  automatic  sprink- 
ler system  during  the  approaching  period 
of  cold  weather.  The  liability  of  water 
freezing  in  the  pipes,  valves,  hydrants, 
tanks  and  other  portions  of  the  system 
requires  special  precautions,  and  a  general 
examination  of  the  entire  system  should 
be  made,  especially  to  ascertain  what  por- 
tions are  exposed  to  low  temperatures. 
This  applies  to  the  piping  In  any  unhealed 
part  of  the  premises,  but  particularly  door- 
ways, driveways  and  other  entrances, 
courts  and  arcaways,  halls,  stairways  ele- 
vators, dumbwaiters  and  other  vertical 
openings,  underground  vaults,  show  win- 
dows,   shipping    rooms,    attics,    roof    struc- 


tures, skylights,  etc.  When  It  is  not  pn 
tloable  to  properly  heat  such  places 
Insulate  the  pipes,  we  urge  the  odoptl 
of  an  approi-«d  dry  pipe  valve  to  eont 
the  sprinklers  in  these  sections,  thus  t\ 
nishing  constant  protection.  If  it  Is  n 
essary  to  draw  water  from  the  eipoi 
piping  in  some  minor  section,  a  va 
should  be  provided  to  control  these  sectio 
and  these  valves  must  be  properly  tagj 
exhibiting  In  plain  letters  the  dlrectlo 
■Shut — Open  In  case  of  Are.' 

■'Wherf  approval  has  been  granted 
convert  a  wet  pipe  system,  or  part  ot 
Into  a  dry  pipe  system  during  the  win 
months.  It  is  required  that  such  syal 
be  placed  under  air  pressure.  The  ws 
should  be  drawn  ofC,  the  piping  thoroug 
drained,  the  liry  pipe  valve  thoroug 
cleaned  and  put  In  proper  working  on 
and  where  noce-ssary.  protected  from  frt 
Ing.  On  the  completion  of  the  chan 
this  office  should  be  notined.  Atlent 
should  also  be  given  to  maintaining 
outside    steamer    connection    of    the    eqi 


prop 


eady    tor   use   by    the 

department    in   case   of   need.     If   you   h 

any    difficulty    In    maintaining    the    sye 

in   full    working  order,   please   inform   us 

(Continued  on  page  2-1.) 


Watchman's  Clocks 

Some  makers  devote  their  principal  attention  to 
olliei  products;  Watchman's  Cioclts  forming  a  side 
issue— a  velvet  business.  Some  make  lathe*  and 
machine  tools,  others  tower  clocks,  others  electric 
machinery,  We  make  one  prodaa—Walchmaa's 
CVori/— and  have  done  so  for  forty  yeara:  "One 
iron  in  the  fire,"  as  it  were.  All  our  thought, 
time  and  investment  are  devoted  to  this  one  product, 
and  with  the  result  that  tlic 


N 


EWMA 

Watchman's  Clock 


"A  POSITIVE  CHECK  ON  I 

widely  used  in  th 


N 


IAN  FALLIBILITY" 

)r  any  other  country. 


NEWMAN   CLOCK   COMPANY 

N<i(  Tsrk  SptdmlMm  CblcUo 

inrnlluSL     TImmRtcardlatDcvlctM    ISt¥ib»hATS. 


!   Advertisers,    plefi 


and    Building. 


.IRCHITP.CTCRE  AND  BUiLDISG. 


The  Fire  Risk  is  Less 

in  the  plant  equipped  with  the  fire-proof,  germ-proof, 
vermin-proof,  thtef -proof  and  lime-proof 

PEN-DAR 

Steel  Lockers 

They  are  built  throug-hout  ( 
expanded  metaland sheet Mee 
and  present  a  smooth,  attractii 

Our  line  includei  units,  rowi 
liersandgToupSiina  luflident] 
wide  variety  of  types  to  me< 
the  requirements  of  any  intta 

The  first  step  toward  largi 
earnii^  is  to  provide  comfor 
ahle   working    conditions    f< 

Writtfar  »ur  ttOMltg. 

Dcsisa230 

Edward  Darby  &  Sons  Co.,  Inc. 

228  Arch  Street  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


^  equipment  is 
ading  hotels, 
Idings,  etc.,  as 

[Century 
ibinet 

rds,  that   no 
has  been   so 


I  Arclilt»ctur«  and   Building'. 


24 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


]BGE 


^ 


ROCKWOOD 
SPRINKLER  CO. 


Manaf actorsn,  Ensineen,  Conlraelon 

FOR 

COMPLETE 
Q  AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  B 
EQUIPMENTS  ° 

Approved  bj  All  Insurance  interests 


NEW  YORK  OFFICE 
UNDERWRITERS'  BUILDING 

123  WILLIAM  STREET 
NEW  YORK 


T«l«piione,  980  Jolm 


3QQE 


with 

Berger*s 


It  replaces  wood  stick  for  stick  in  the 
superstructures  of  residences  and  medium- 
sized  buildings — is  used  successfully  in 
conjunction  with  structural  steel  in  larger 
buildings. 

Metal  Joists  can  be  used  with  any  ex- 
terior wall  construction  and  provide 
a  shock-proof  and  non-combustible  su- 
perstructure that  is  practically  inde- 
structible. 

Write  for  "MtTAL  LUMBILR" 
It  gives  details.    Free  on  request. 

New  York  THEr  Chicago 

BoBloa  ,^        _        .^«       ^         St.  Loais 

pui.M,hi.  Berger  Mfg.  Co.  Mi;n.j.p.ii. 

CANTON,  OHIO 

We  aUomiinafartarvMvUI 
CeilliiK*,  Hiilrwalk  Pnrmp, 
SMewalk  LlKhtn.MaUlplez, 
Rtb-Tnm  ami  Fpiro-Llthio 
Platea,  Metal  Lath,  etc. 


Stn  Francisco 


once,    and    we    may    be   able    to  recomrr 
some  remedy  for  the   trouble." 

During  the  recent  cold  weather,  se\ 
cases  have  come  to  our  notice  of  fr 
sprinkler  systems,  and  this  warning  sh 
be  of  particular  interest  to  building  owi 
It  serves  a  further  purpose,  however 
which  architects  in  particular  should 
heed.  When  a  sprinkler  system  is  pai 
the  original  construction  of  the  bulli 
the  architect  should  familiarize  hir 
with  the  conditions  of  sprinkler  installs 
and  see  to  it  that  the  system  is  so  inst 
that  there  is  no  likelihood  of  the  sy 
being  rendered  inoperative  through  f 
ing  conditions. 


THE    EQUITABLE    FIRE. 

The  burning  of  the  New  York  Equl 
Life  Assurance  Building,  which  occurre 
January  9th,  has  destroyed  a  land 
that  has  been  one  of  the  first  poin 
interest  in  New  York  since  the  erectit 
the  building  in  1868.  In  constructioi 
building  was  obsolete,  and  to  use  a 
mon  phrase,  was  a  "candidate  for  the 
heap."  The  attitude  of  the  oflftcers  o 
Equitable  bears  this  out.  for  no  insu 
was  carried  on  the  building,  and  ii 
statement  of  valuation  of  the  compan 
lot  alone  was  appraised  and  the  bu 
itself  was  not  figured.  In  cons  true  tio 
building  contained  some  steel  work, 
a  portion  was  fireproofed  with  tile,  bi 
flanges  of  the  floor  beams  were  ex 
The  large  amount  of  woodwork  en 
into  its  construction  ottered  the  fuel  f 
quick  and  vigorous  fire  that  occurrec 
destruction  was  inevitable,  but  poin 
particular  lesson,  as  methods  of  flr 
vention  and  fireprooflng  have  advanc 
greatly  since  the  erection  of  this  bi 
that  it  could  not  have  been  rated  i 
sense   as   a   modern   fireproof   building 

The  large  amount  of  valuable  r 
which  were  stored  in  the  building, 
ofllces  and  vaults,  together  with  th 
mendous  amounts  of  securities  rat 
high  as  two  billion  dollars  add  a  spc 
lar  feature  to  the  fire.  However,  ; 
work  of  recovery  of  property  progress 
losses  are  found  to  be  less  than  firs 
mated.  The  vaults,  which  are  of  m 
less  modern  construction,  withstood  1 
fects    of    the    high    temperatures,    anc 

(Continued  on  page  26.) 

G>iiso]idated  Chandelic 

MANUPACTITRERS  OP 

Gas  and  Electric  Fixl 

132-136  W.  14tli  St.  NEW  YC 


When   writing   Advertisers,   please  mention   Architecture  and   Building^. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUiLDlSC. 

STOP  THAT  FEARFUL  FIRE  LC 

TH  g  gg^Y  spii N  k^^ 

Would  Have  Prevented  All  of  It 

It  reduces  insumnce  rates  in  handsome  proportion 
Its    use    means    safety    and   protection    against   fir 

For  ptnlcalan  iiddrcu 

H.  O.  VOCEL  COMPANY,  ,m..^A-.1: 

Wtat^  M^  «*Mni  Mm  M|.              CtactanH.  0.,  Hih  Trut  m^.                 LmhU.  i.  t.,  a  Mi 
■Htn.MMi..llMMIt.  hflrii.  i.  T..EKeinti.  Ul.  Hutrul.  C»..ia 

PMi<H*li,  r*„  M  n*  ChHiHl  III. 


Thomas  Morton, 


169  Elm  Street, 


New  York. 


Copper  Cable 

Steel 


Champion  Metal      |     SASH     bHAINu. 


Steel 


iplon  Met 
Champio 


PIIAIUQ  '^?^  ^!?.~!!l.!ln^.??i!?' ^*"' **** 


I  *IL  It  SUPEBIOII  QUAUTY. 


/tillon    Archltectu 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


WASH  METHOD  OF  HANDLING. 
'  WATER-COLOR.  By  Frank  Forest 
Frederick,  Director  of  School  of  In- 
dustrial Art,  Trenton,  N.  J. 

■■THIS  LITTLE  book  affords  a  atimulus  to  the  use 
of  watwcolor  aa  praeliced  by  the  earlier  paintera. 
vbOH  beauliful  work  is  uneKeUcd/'— Inland  Printer. 

Price,  poetpaM,  SO  cents 

SIMPLIFIED  MECHANICAL 
PERSPECTIVE.  By  Frank  Forest 
Frederick. 

A  BOOK  of  simple  practical  prablemL  with  infficient 
Biplaoationi  to  make  it  a  Bood  teiC  book.  It  aims  to 
develop  "the  perspective  aeDse"  as  well  aa  to  teach  Ihe 
drawing  of  Koei. 

Price,  postpaid,  75  cettts 

HANDWORK  IN  WOOD.     By 

William  Noyes,  Assistant  Professor  De- 
partment of  Industrial  Art,  Teachers' 
College,  Columbia  University. 

A   COMPREHENSIVE  and  scholarly  treatise  on 

to  the  finished  ailicle.  Ten  chaplcra,  rrferences  at  the 
eodofeveryihapter.    Bibliography.    304  illuslrationa. 

/>rJce,  poatpaU,  $2.00 

Send  ioT  the  "Approved  List  of  Books  OD  the 
ti^ualArU'^ 

THE  MANUAL  ARTS  PRESS 

I  600  Gennan  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria,  111. 


all  preserved.  The  loss  of 
In  connection  with  the  Are  is  the  most 
grettable   circumstance. 

A  Are  occurred  in  the  Chicago  Boan 
Trade  Building  on  January  10th  which 
at  first  reported  to  have  entirely  deatri 
the  building.  Later  reports,  however,  s 
that  the  blaze  was  promptly  brought  u 
control,  and  the  damage  was  slight. 

Below  our  llluatratlonB  of  the  Bon' 
Teller  building  in  the  December  issu 
was  mentioned  that  the  aprlnHier  equipi 
was  I  natal  led  by  the  Rock  wood  Sprli 
Company.  The  source  of  our  inform; 
was  inaccurate,  however,  as  the  equip 
in  the  building  was  Installed  by  the  Ge 
Fire   Extinguisher   Company. 

The  Quarterly  of  the  National  Fire 
tection  Association  for  January  1912 
tains  a  -Syliabus  of  public  Instructk 
Fire- Prevention."  This  syllabus  is  of 
ticular  advantage  to  teachers,  and  s 
be  in  the  hands  of  every  teacher  ii 
United  States.  Many  other  subjects  l 
teresl  are  comprised  In  the  contents  t 
quarterly. 

The  collapse  of  the  brick  walla  su 
ing  a  newly  installed  sprtnkier  tank  i 
factory  of  the  R.  J.  Ederer  Thread  Cot 
at  Frankfort,  Pa.,  requires  special  ii 
gallon.  This  15.O00-gailon  tank  was  « 
upon  the  old  building,  apparently  w 
an  adequate  investigation  of  the  b 
capacity  of  the  walls.  So  far  a.a  wi 
learned,  no  architect  was  consulted 
gard  to  the  construction,  and  the  bla 
the  accident  seems  to  (ail  largely  up 
Inspectors  of  the  Building  Depai 
This  la  merely  another  case  that  po 
the  necessity  of  proper  supervlaio 
guidance  in  construction  work.  An 
(Continued    on   page   28.) 


GORTON  WROUGHT  S 

BOILERS  cntdgwnrepurwid. 

^■^  Th  ''^e'''d™V 

^^%^n^T"i^  f"^< 

aaa  regular  power  boil. 

They  ar=   Mlf-f«edl 

quire  coalingf   only    l» 

«ld«t   -reaiher,        Th. 

grade  in  every  aense  of 

none  bett«-they   hav 

nsrrSf?^rii 

Gorton  &  Udger 

W  Ukerty  SIreai.  HI 

Boston,  182  Hb 

ChKUOO.  Flahar 

When   writing   AdvertlHera,  please  mentloi 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILUIXC. 


RELIANCE  FIREPROOF 

DOOR  COMPANY 

MANUFACTURERS 

„, 

Kalameirt  'Doon.   iVirtJowa  and  Partitions                                             11 

Standard  Fire  Doors  and  Shutters  Approved  by  the  National  Board  of  Fire                1 

Underwriter,                                                                || 

BROOKLYN,  N.  V.      1 

We  installed  the  Fireproof  Doors  and  Windows  In  the  Whitehouse  Building                          1 
Thirty-fimt  Street  and  Fourth  Avenue,  illualtated  in  this  issue                                        II 

What  Makes  a  Paint  Efficient? 

Combinations  of  oil  and  pigment  that  tend  to  their  own 
destruction  do  not  lead  to  prolonged  efficiency. 
In     Dixon's    Silica-Graphite    Paint    an    inert  pigment 
leads  to  longest  life    or  the    oil   vehicle.     That's    why 
Dixon's  supplies  long  lived  efficiency. 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jersey  aty.  n.  j. 


When    writing;   Advertiaers,    please   r 


1    Architecture   and    Buili 


28 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


AGENT  WANTED 

For  the  sale  of 

Ringborg  Green  Marble 

We  wish  to  appoint  a  General  Agent  for  the 
United  States.  Good  connections  with  archi- 
tects, contractors  and  builders  all  over  the 
country  absolutely  necessary.  Energy  and 
commercial  routine  indispensable.  Proper  par- 
ties apply,  giving  references  and  full  details,  to 

J.  RINGBORG,  Norrkoping,  Sweden 


tect  should  have  been  employed,  and  the 
architect  should  have  been  thoroughly 
familiar  with  the  requirements  for  and  the 
equipment  of  a  sprinkler  system. 


According  to  the  Journal  of  Commerce  and 
Commercial  Bulletin,  the  loss  by  flre  in  the 
United  States  and  Canada  during  the  year 
1911  amounted  to  $234,377,250.  This  loss  is 
but  $100,000  less  than  that  of  the  previous 
year.  The  schedule  given  in  the  Journal  of 
Commerce  of  January  2,  1912,  shows  that 
the  fire  loss  of  the  last  35  years  amounts  to 
over  Ave  billions  of  dollars  in  the  United 
States  and  Canada.  The  average  is  about 
$148,000,(X)0  a  year.  Let  us  hope  that  1912 
will  show  a  better  record,  and  that  the  or- 
ganized campaign  against  flre  waste  which 
is  being  carried  on  by  different  organizations 
and  publications  may  be  productive  of  great- 
er results  during  1912. 


The  New  York  building  code  w^hich  has 
been  a  subject  for  active  discussion  by  New 
York  architects  and  builders  for  the  last 
year,  was  defeated  at  the  last  session  of  the 
board  of  aldermen.  It  Is  the  hope  of  the 
majority  that  this  ordinance  has  appeared 
for  the  last  time  and  with  the  new  board  of 
aldermen,  which  is  now  in  ofllce  with  a 
Republican  and  Flislon  majority,  a  com- 
plete and  practical  building  code,  scientifi- 
cally compiled, may  reasonably  be  hoped  for. 
If  such  a  code  Is  not  passed  in  this  session, 
it  will  not  be  because  of  insufficient  effort 
on  the  part  of  honestly  interested  persons. 


HANDBOOK  FOR  ARCHITECTS  A 
BUILDERS.  Emery  Stanford  Hall.  € 
tor.  Published  under  the  auspices 
the  Chicago  Architects'  Business  As 
ciation.  Vol.  19.  Price,  $2.20,  expi 
paid. 

The    1911    edition    of    the    Handbook 
Architects  and  Builders  is  of  increasing 
terest.    The  building  ordinance  is  that  pj 
ed   by  the  City  Council  of  Chicago  on 
cember    5,     1910,    effective    on    January 
1911,   and   besides   this   ordinance  there 
many    special    suggestions    for    wiring; 
fitting;     hollow-tiie     flreprooflng;     measi 
ments    for    excavations    in    concrete    w( 
specifications   for   structural   steel   in  bu 
ings;    strength    of    materials;    heating 
ventilating;   preservation  of  wood  by  pa 
ing;    measurement   of   plaster;    speciflcat: 
for   cement;    glass   and    glazing;    and   m 
tables    of    strengths    of    materials    shov 
the  ultimate  working  strengths  of  diffe 
materials.      A    short    architectural    cha 
deals  with  the  orders  and  their  applical 
and  contains  detail  drawings  giving  the 
portions.     The   book    is    thoroughly   ind< 
and  contains  a   list  of  classified  adverti 
and   material   men. 


THE     CONTRACTORS'     AND    BUILDI 
HANDBOOK.    By  William  Arthur. 
York.     The    David     Williams     Comp 
Price.   $2. 
This  may  be  considered   in  many  resi 
a  business  guide   for   the   building   cont 
tor.    The  volume  is  divided  into  three  b< 
one  dealing  with  the  contractor  as  a  1 
ness   man.    the   second    with    the    contrj 
as    a    constructor,    and    the    third    with 
contractor    as    a    taxpayer.     The    first 
deals    with   the    contractor's    business 
tlons  with   the  various  parties  he  is  ai 
meet  in  his  operations,  and  goes  on  to 
advice    as    to    methods    of   conducting    ' 
ness,    office    and    building    force,    insur; 
bonds,    etc.      The    second    portion    is, 
sense,   an   essay   on   good   construction 
the    subject    of    design    left    out,     how 
This    Mr.    Arthur    leaves    to    the    arch 
The  third   book  is  devoted   to   general 
Jects    which    are    of   special    Interest    tc 
building    fraternity.      The    author    expr 
personal   opinions   to   some   extent    thrc 
out   the   text  of  the   book,   and   gives    i 
data   collected   from   various  sources. 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


Material  and  work  the  standard  for  14  years.     Our  reputation  the  host  positiTtt 

evidence  as  to  our  superiority. 


CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO., 


325-327  East  94di  St,  NEW 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


FRESH  AIR  and  PROTECTION 

IVES  WINDOW   VENTEJ^TINC  LOCK 


ABE 

TOnB 

HARDWARE 

DRAIiEB 
TOKTHEM 


Tb*  R  B.  IVES  CO„  Sola  Maniihctimn 

NEW  HAVEN,  CONN. 

SSPusaCaUlosBalldsra'Hiirdirmn  SimoUiIUh  Ttm 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

Flag  Poles 


Fittings 

Etc. 

Send  for  Catalogue 


THOS.W.JONES 


Tetrphom  Oonntctioi 


ARTHUR  GREENFIELD,i»c«po«ted 


REINFORCED  CONCRETE  FLOORS 
IRON  FURRING  >id  METAL  LATHING 


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' CLOCKS ' 


Industrial  Progress 


L-ELLUVARNO. 

No  description,  however  compreliensi 
could  convey  to  the  reader's  mind  the  i 
preme  beauty  and  elegance  of  "Celluvarn' 
the  original  germproot  white  finish  for  tol 
and  bath  room  fiitCures.  It  must  be  seen 
be  appreciated. 

Thirteen  years  ot  continuous  aucceas  a. 
the  many  flattering  imitations  of  "Cell 
varno"  on  the  market  today  are  abunda 
proof  of  Its  superiority. 

To  Insure  satisfaction.  Insist  upon  "Celli 
varno"  made  only  by  the  underslened.  E! 
timates  cheerfully  furnished  and  correaponi 
ence  Invited. 

Our  catalog  sent  upon  request.  The  Celii 
varno  Company,  Incorporated,  4-1  Kast  Kli 
ney  street,  Newark,  N.  J. 

"The  Cheapest  Hot  Water  In  the  World 
is  the  title  of  a  brochure  issued  by  th 
Humphrey  Company  ot  Kalamazoo.  Mich. 
telling  the  story  of  their  various  types  o. 
hot  water  heaters.  The  Illustrations  8hOP 
the  hot  water  heater  In  place  either  in  thi 
bathroom  or  kitchen.  It  doesn't  mar  th< 
ornamental  appearance  oC  the  bathroom. 
nor  dees  It  obstruct  the  kitchen.  Further 
Illustrations  show  the  method  of  construc- 
tion ot  the  various  types.  The  automatic 
waler  heater  is  a  machine  of  large  «:apactty, 
designed  for  heavy  service.  One  of  these 
pamphlets  will  be  sent  on  request:  by  the 
Humphrey   Company. 


has  been  made  by  the 
authorities  of  the  Panama-Paclfle  Interna- 
tional Exposition,  which  will  be  held  in  San 
Francisco  in  19ir>,  that  McKIm,  Mead  and 
White,  Henry  Bacon  and  Thomas  Hastings 
ot  New  York  and  L.  C.  MuUgerdt  end  George 
W.  Ketham  of  San  Francisco  will  assist  the 
members  of  the  Architectural  Commission, 
consisting  <it  Messrs.  Willis  Polk,  William 
A.  Faville  and  Clarence  R.  Ward  In  plan- 
ning the  great  International  Exposition. 
(Continued   on   pag«   32-1 


SOLID 

^    PORCELAIN 
^  REFRIGERATO 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING.  ; 

Arcbu.cuudBoUdm^BMiiii'.Mix.ie  fiVANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BOLTS 

WITH  DOUBLE.  END  GB,.IP  EXPANSION 

Constnictcd  on  NEW  lines.      Grip  at  BOTH  ENDS,  and  on  ALL 

aides.     Cannot  work  loose. 
Send  for  CAbftlocus  and  HAmplaH  Bcnwed  lato  block!  of  wood  or  BIOD« 

1SS;,!?J"F.  H.  EVANS  (sj:"S:."l'.1!„)31-J3-3!Hewe» St., Brooklyn, N.T. 


K  Van  Dorn's  Steel  Joist  Hanger 

•1 


IS  THE  BtST  OBTAINABLE 

CUJogue  Bnd  r.f.r  to  thil  M.g.line  ^'^ 

Ij                   THE  VAN  DORN  IRON  WORKS  CO.  ^1 

(°.g                                                                CLEVELAND,  OHIO  |s 

"■S                            Steel  Buildings,  Wrought  Iron  Fencing,  Iron  Bridges,  Jail  and  S 

^                                           Prison  Work,  Metallic  Office  Furniture,  etc.  q 


il 


BOYD    EQUIPMENT    COMPANY 

COKTRA<mNG    ENGINEERS 

HEATINO  PLUMBING  ELECTRIC 

COMPLETE  POWER  PLANTS  373  FouTth  Aveuue,  NEW  YORK 


The  A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co. 

Main  Office:  220  Broadway,  New  York 

PHII  ADELPHIA  BOSTON  BALTIMORE 


of  bur>-ino  coinbufitiblenoodtn  railinff  b 

[II  freedom  for  changing  plans  or  correct  ins  errc 
Also  used  for  Btlaching  fiilures  to  all  typt 

SELF-CLINCHING   NAIL   COMPANY,  44  N.  Fourth  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


FREIGHT  ELEVATORS 


For  Hand,  Belt  and 
Electric  Power 

Our  belt  power  machines  have  Hindley  Type  of  Worm  Gearing  and  Ball  Thrust  Bearings,  which  reduces  the  friction 

DUMB  WAITERS  "'""'"""•""™""  ••"""""•  "pj^j^j^  jjojsts^  j.^^ 
".SiSiS-         J.  G.  SPEIDEL,  Reading,  Pa. 


Plate  Glass  Window  Urlass 

Skylight  and  Floor  Glass.     Rolled  Cathedral,  beautiful  tints.     Embossed,  Enameled  and  Coloi^ 
Glass.     A  full  stock  of  Plain  Window  Glass.     Every  Variety  for  Architects'  and  Builders'  Use. 

I  H.  SHOEMAKER,  '«'. A';.','!S  ,1','  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


32 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


^  -a 


A  Primer  of 

Architectural 

Drawing 

For  Young  Students 


ByWm.S.B.Dana,B.S. 

(Mass.  Inst,  of  Technology) 


Being"  a  progressive  series  of 
DRAWING  BOARD  PROB- 
LEMS, the  embodiment  of  the 
author's  teaching:  in  the  Mechanics' 
Institute  of  New  York  City. 
Intensely  practical  in  that  theory  is 
obliterated  by  the  author's  system  of 
CONSTRUCTION  ON  PAPER. 
This  book  makes  a  strong^  appeal, 
because  it  is  interesting  and  the 
shortest  course  to  a  practical 
knowledge  of  the  elements  of  archi- 
tectural structural  drawing  yet 
evolved. 

There  are  twenty-five  problems, 
each  illustrated  by  a  plate  and  with 
i6i  explanatory  detail  figures. 

The    Problems    cover    the    following 

subjects: 

Floors  and  Walls  of  Brick,  Stone  and 

Wood. 
Framing:  of  Floors,  Walls  and  Roofs. 
Development   of   Roof   Forms. 
Section   of  a   Frame  House. 
Bricklayings  and  Bonding. 
Brick    Walls:    Doors:    Windows    and 

their   Casingrs. 
Stairs.    Wood    and    Iron. 
Construction  of  Fireplace  or  Chimney. 

154  pages,  cloth,  pocket  size.  FHce  $1.25 

PUBLISHER 

The  Wm.  T.  Gomstock  Go. 

23  Warren  St.*  New  York 


The  report  relating  to  the  registration  of 
births,  marriages  and  deaths  for  the  Prov- 
ince of  Ontario  for  the  year  1909  is  Interest- 
ing and  instructive.  The  method  of  compila- 
tion, which  is  entirely  tabular,  is  commend- 
able and  offers  a  good  model  for  reports  of 
similar  character. 


In  "Sanitary  Pottery"  the  house  organ  of 
the  Trenton  Potteries  Company,  there  ap- 
pears as  a  centerpiece  an  appeal  and  an 
offer  of  assistance  to  the  local  plumber  to 
better  his  standard  of  advertising.  We  ad- 
mire the  activity  of  the  Trenton  Potteries 
Company,  and  believe  that  their  efforts  are 
worthy  of  emulation  by  other  manufactur- 
ing concerns  who  sell  to  the  trades. 


ORXAMEXTAL    PLASTERING. 

Two  of  the  most  popular  and  yet  plastic 
forms  of  interior  decoration  are  plaster  and 
Kean  cement  and  through  the  use  of  these 
materials  many  beautiful  effects  have  been 
obtained,  but  great  as  is  the  credit  due  the 
plasterer,  still  much  greater  credit  is  due 
the  sculptor  who  prepares  the  preliminary 
models  and  ornamental  forms. 

Among  the  names  of  sculptors  whose 
medium  Is  the  preparation  of  molds  for 
architectural  plastering,  the  name  of  Dom- 
inick  A.  Walsh  of  Belleville,  N.  J.,  occupies 
a  high  place. 

The  ornate  plaster  effects  to  be  found  in 
many  of  our  most  important  structures 
throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  the 
country  owe  their  existence  to  the  prelimi- 
nary  models   prepared   by   this   artist. 

Among  some  of  the  important  residences 
and  public  buildings  for  which  Mr.  Walsh 
prepared  the  plaster  models  might  be  men- 
tioned   the   following: 

Residence    of    L.    Z.    Leiter,    Washington, 
D.    C;    Raleigh    Hotel,    W^ashington,    D.    C: 
Postofflce,     Washington,    D.    C;      Equitable 
Building,    Baltimore,     Md.;     San     Francisco 
Postofflce   and   Custom   House;    St.    Cecilia's 
Church,     Englewood,    N.    J.;      St.    Joseph's, 
Plalnfleld,    N.   J.;    Our   Lady   of   the    Valley. 
Orange,   X.   J.;    the   exterior  models   for    the 
Sacred  Heart  Cathedral,  Newark.  N.  J.,    and. 
Miner's  Theatre,  Newark.    Mr.  Walsh  is  now 
engaged    in    the    preparation    of   the    raoclels 
for  the   Interior   of   the   new   Essex   County 
Bank  Building,   which   institution   will    rank 
among  some  of  the  finest  examples  of  archi- 
tecture to  be  found  in  this  country. 

Persons  interested  in  obtaining  attractive 
designs  and  models  for  high  grade  plaster 
work  will  do  well  to  consult  Mr.  Walsli  a»t 
his  office.  Sr^S  Cortland  street,  Belleville. 
N.  J. 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Heraldry  Illustrated 

By  WH.  B.  ABBOTT 

Being  a  short  acconnt  of  the 

Origin  and  History  o(  Heraldry 

and  an  azplanation  of  its  natar«,  with  practical 
directionfl  for  drawing  and 

Painting  Goats  of  Arms 

to  wblcb  is  added  a  Glossary  of  the  terms 
used  in  the  Science  of  Heraldry.  Tliere  is  also 
a  chapter  on  the  drawing  and  painting  of 
Coats  of  Arms,  which  will  prove  of  great  as- 
sistance to  those  unaccustomed  to  the  work. 
The  giossarf  contains  about  fitteen  hundred 
deflnitlcms  of  heraldic  terms,  many  in  French 
and  Latin. 

To  Architects,  Designers  and  otliers  who 
desire  to  acquire  a  knowledge  of  this  In- 
teresting art,  it  will  prove  of  invaluable  ser- 

700  Explanatory  Engravings.  127  pages, 
hound  In  red  cloth;  price,  J2.00, 

THE  WH.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO. 


SWarrcB  Sirret 


THE  SNOW  GUARD  ALLOWING 

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DKAWINO  INKS 
ETERNAL  WRiriNO  INK 
__-^_      ENQROSSIND  INK 

■  Uni     TAURINE  MUCILAQE 
IHV      ,  PHOTO    MOUNTER   PASTE 

■  IIU         DRAWINQ    HOARD    PASTE 

■  ■  ■  ^         LIQUIO  PASTE 

I  OFFICE  PASTE 
\VEOETABLE  QLUE,  Eta. 

Ire  the  Fineit  ind  But  Inks  *ni  AiKtivet 

ihe  Mlfl^liu'  Inks  and  AdhnlTH.  Tbcy 
will  be  a  FEvelatLun  to  foa.  they  are  so  sweet, 
deBB  and  well  put  up. 

At  D«lan  CaBenDr 

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Branches;  Chicaso.  London 
271  Ninth  Stnat  BrsoklrB.  N.  Y. 


SELF -LUBRICATING 
Rotary  Screw 
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Of  wood  and  metal  worksr*. 
wlttiDiit  Bteam  power.  SQDlpped 

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MACHINERY 

tf Te  Ereater  proSt  on  faa  work. 

BaoMnM  union  trial  ir  dealnd. 

Catalmmt  fm 

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m  lutr  Smtt,      lockbri,  UL 


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piumbins  ffianlritrtiir 

244  MOTT  STREET 
Near  Prince  Street  NEW  YORK 

Ion   Architecture  and   Building. 


34  ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 

Maginnis^ Practical  Books 

HOW  TO  FRAME  A  HOUSE 

or  HOUSE  AND  ROOF   FRAMING 

By  OWEN  B.  MAGINNIS 


r»MlS  I.— Bdloon  PramiBd.  PAKT  II.— Koof  Framlntf 

PART  III.— How  (o  frama  the  ttmbers  of  a  brick  house. 

One  Octavo  Vol. ,  Cloth  80  Illustrations  PRICE  $1.00 

ROOF  FRAMING  MADE  EASY 

A  practical  and  easily  comprehended  system  of  laying  out  and  framing  roofs,  adapted  to 
modern  building  construction.  The  methods  are  made  clear  and  intelligible  by  76  engravings 
with  extensive  explanatory  text. 

SECOND  EDITION,   REVISED  AND  ENLARGED 
One  Octavo  Vol.,  Cloth  PRICE  $1.00 

How  to  Measure  Up  Woodwork  for  Building 

Describing  the  simplest  and  most  accurate  methods  to  be  followed  when 
figuring  up  woodwork  for  either  brick  or  frame  houses. 


By  OWEN  B.  MAGINNIS,  Architect 
Fully  Illustrated,  Cloth  PRICE  $0.dO 

PRACTICAL    CENTRING 

TREATING  OF 

The  Practice  of  Centring  Arches  in  Building  Construction 

The  work  embraces  each  subject  in  detail  and  in  language  that  practical   men  can  under- 
stand, and  is  especially  commended  to  students  attending  trade,  technical  and  architectural  schools. 


By  OWEN  B.  MAGINNIS 


Sixty-five  Illustrations  Bound  in  Cloth  PRICE  $I«dO 

BRICKLAYING 

By  OWEN  B.  MAGINNIS 


The  entire  work  represents  the  best  up-to-date  practice,  and  is  illustrated  by  over  160  engravings. 
It  covers  the  important  operations  and  methods  necessary  in  altering  brick  buildings,  and  the 
proper  temporary  and  permanent  preservation  and  protection  of  old  or  adjoining  buildings. 

Cloth  .....  PRICE  $1.50 

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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


HOLLOW  TILE 

for  Stucct  and  "Brick  Venter  Hoasei 

Vitrified  and  Hard  Burned  Blocks 

FRONT  dJl/^irC     HARVARD 

ENAMELED     DK.l(^I^O     VELOUR 

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int;  marDieloJ 

BROADWAY  a 
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Manufacture 

MARBLELOII 
FIRE-PROOF 


Roman  Cities  in  Italy  and  Dalmatia 

By  A.  L.  FROTHINGHAM,  Ph.  D. 
Professor  of  Ancient  History  and  Archaeology  at  Princeton  UnlverBity. 
A  picture  of  Ancient  Italy  and  pre-AuguBtan  Home  drawn  from  her  rivals  has  not  yet 
been  made.  This  book  la  a  first  eketch  tor  aucli  a  picture  hi  popular  form,  and  the  work 
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be  used  in  designing.  Ar- 
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20,000  Huigeri  in  iltHik  ready  (or  imninlute  thipmcnl 
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Building  Construction 
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By   FRANK    E.    KIDDER,   G.  E.,   Ph.  D.,   Architect 


Part   1.— MASON'S  WORK,  Ninth  Edition. 

New  and  enlarged,  thoroughly  revised  and  rewritten  by 

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ARCHITECTURE 


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A  Magazine 
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1912 


APARTMENT  HOUSES 


Fireproofing  and  Fire-Protection 


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Building  Construction  and  Superintendence 

Part  n.    Carpenters'  Work         I  Part  III.    Trtiwed  Roofs 

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Architecture  and  Building 


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51 


D 


CONTENTS  FOR  FEBRUARY 

The  Passing  of  the  Interior  Tenement    Stair 45 

By    Charles   Warren   Hastings. 

The  Hollow-Tile  Fireproof  House,  Article  V 52 

By  Frederick  Squires. 

Swiss  Chalet  Design,  Article  IV.  .     57 

By  Wm.   S.    B.   Dana.,    B.S. 

Fire   Protection    of   the   Dwelling  House 63 

The  AiMirtment  House 65 

Apartment,    521-523   W.    112th    St.,  No.    166    West   72d    Street, 

Lawlor  &  Haase,  Architects.  The    Adamston, 

Tho    RtinniA  '^^^   Evanston, 

"^Muinken'  ft  Moeller  Architects.  ^'  &  ^dw.   Blum.  Architects. 

Nos.  823-820  Park  Ave.,  The  Wendolyn, 

Pickering  ft  Walker,    Architects.  The  Borchardt. 

The   Casino    Apartments,  ^?|  GleL^ckirn 

wm.    A.    Boring,    Architect.  '^''^'Roise   ft    Qoldstone.    Architects. 

No.  600  West  End  Avenue, 

Schwart2    ft    Gross,    Architects.  The  Dorset, 

The  Allendale.  Jhe  Schermerhorn, 

Ro^se  ft   Qoldstone.    Architects.  The  ^^^^l\^^^ 

No.  830  Park  Avenue,  The   Stratford, 

No.   12  B.  87th  Street,  Schwartz   ft   Gross,   Architects. 

Sheds  Over  Side  Walk  During  Construction     Work 80 


O 

D 
IQ 

o 

D 


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ADVERTISING    REPRESENTATIVES 
D.  R.  Gimbel 
Geo.  H.  Stewart  (Dept.  of  Fi  reproofing  and  Fire  Protection) 


EDITORIAL  DEPARTMENT 
Wm.  P.  Comitock.  Managinf  Editor 
Charles  Warren  Hastingv,  Assistant  Editor 


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DECORATIONS  AND  FURNITURE 

BY 

H.  F.  HUBER  &_cq.,  13  East JOth  Sty  New  York  City 


Neivark,  N.  J. 

DOMINIC  A.  WALSH 

Architectural  Sculptor 
Ornamental  Plaster 

Cement  and  Imitation  Caeji   Stone 
CORTLANt)  ST..  BELLEVr  ^  f"  ^-  J- 


Steel  and  Reinforced 

Concrete  in  Buildings 

npHEaimofthe  book 

1      is  to  lay  down  the 

principles  of  correct 

Edward 

Godfreji 

and  consistent  design  as  ap- 

plied to  buildings  and  give 

Author 

simple  rules  and  tables  to 

'■Structuml 

be  used  in  designinE.     Ar- 

chiieccs  will  find  the  book 

Book. 

of  much  assistance  where 

designint;  is  doneon  asmall 

scale  that  does  not  justify 

the  employment  of  an  en- 

ISftpagM. 

gineer. 

fleirble 

Numerous  tables  for 

beams,    columns,    girders. 

etc.,  are  given,  also  many 

diagrams. 

The  Wm 

T.  Comstock  Company 

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Street                           New  York 

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ORNAMENTAL  CONCRETE  WITHOUT  MOLDS 

By   A.   A.    HOUGHTON 
Autbor  of  "Clay  Models  and  Plaster  Molds  for  Ornamental  Concrete,"  "Concrete  from  Sand 
Molds."  "Practical  Use  of  Concrete,"  etc. 

This  Is  the  only  work  Issued  which  explains  a  Ginipte,  practical  method  ^'hereby  tlie 
concrete  worker  Is  enabled,  by  employing  wood  and  metal  templates  ot  different  designs,  to 
mold  or  model  in  concrete  any  Cornice.  Archivolt,  Column,  Pedestal,  Base,  Cap,  Urn  or 
Pier  in  a  monolithic  form — right  upon  the  job.  These  may  be  modeled  in  units  or  blocks 
and  then  built  up  to  suit  the  specincatlons  demanded. 

Pull  directions  are  given  for  making  the  templates,  at  a  very  alight  cost  ot  time  and 
labor.  In  fact  everything  that  a  concrete  worker  needs  to  know  to  perfect  the  many  styles 
ot  ornamental  coDcreie  work  without  the  purchase  of  expensive  molds  Is  fully  explained  and 
Illustrated. 

12ino.     Cloth.     128  paxes.     With  OriRiDal   lllustralioos.     Price  «2.00. 


Concrete  From  Sand  Molds 

By  A.  A.  HOUGHTON. 
The  process  of  molding  concrete  with  sand  molds  Is  of  the  utmost  practical  value,  pos- 
KBslng  the  manifold  advantages  of  a  low  cost  of  molds,  the  ease  and  rapidity  of  operation, 
perfect  details  to  all  ornamental  designs,  density  and  increased  strength  of  the  concrete, 
perfect  curing  ot  the  work  without  attention  and  the  easy  removal  of  the  molds  regardless 
of  any  undercutting  the  design  may  have.  This  process,  which  has  always  been  held  a  trade 
secret,  will  succeEsfull:*  mold  every  c'a^s  of  ornamental  concrete  work. 
102   pages.      Fullf   illu))trated.      Price,    $2.50. 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COHSTOCK  COMPANY.  Publisher,  23  Warren  Street.  N.  Y. 


24th  St.  and  7th  Ave.  Bldg.,N.Y. 


Porsth  Electric  Co. 

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Some  Recent  Io*t>]l>tioiM 

FERGUSOK  LIBRARY     .  Sumford ,  Conn 

FIRST  METHODIST  CHURCH         .     Wratfield.  N  J 
LONG  ISLAND  BANK     ,        .        .  Bjchm™"'-' 

LOFT  BUILDING  114  Eut  16th? 


Jtf   west  aiBi  01-,  11,  1 
WeM  Bnd  Vestry  8«..  N.  Y 


John  Polachek  Bronze  &  Iron  Go. 


MBe»<  Wiiritt.  I4**<  tbr  Su.  Biinni<li  ol  UnwIdTa.  H.T. 


=^ 


TBLBPHOfTB,  6MS  MORNINGSIDB 

CONROYBROS. 

INC. 

Contracting 

Plasterers 


217  WEST  125th  STREET 

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Ion  Architecture  and  DuUdlnK- 


Alphabetical  List  of  Advertisers 


Page 

American     Enameled     Brick    A 
Tile    Co..    The 14 

American     Garden     Beautifying 
Co..    The    21 

A.  P.  W.   Paper  Co 31 

Architectural    Metal    Worlcs 21 

Arnatein,     M 30 

Badger  ft  Sons  Co..  E.  B 31 

Barnes  Co.,  W.  F.  ft  John 35 

BarreU    Mfg.    Co.,    The 19 

Berger    Mfg.    Co..    The 24 

Biasing,    Harry    20 

Black  ft  Boyd  Mfg.   Co 5 

Bommer   Bros 16 

Bowser   ft   Co.,    S.    F..    Inc 2 

Boyd    Equipment    Company....  33 
Broderick  ft  Bascom  Rope  Co.     6 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Co 35 

Carter,    Black   ft    Ayers 37 

Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co — 

Concrete    Age,    The 28 

Conroy  Brothers,  Inc 6 

Consolidated  Chandelier  Co 24 

Cork  ft  Zicha  Marble  Co 30 

Dahlstrom   Metallic   Door  Com- 
pany      — 

Darby    ft    Sons    Co.,    Inc.,    Ed- 
ward    2.) 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,   Jos 29 

Edwards   Electrical   Construction 
Co — 

Evans.   F.    H 33 

Farnam  Cheshire  Ume  Co., 

II  Cover 

Federal   Terra   Cotta  Co 42 

Felton,   Sibley  ft   Co 16 

Flske  ft  Co.,  Inc 1 

FlushovaWe    Co 9 

Folsom  Snow  Guard   Co 35 

Prink,   I.   P 2 


Page 

Gatchel    ft    Manning 20 

General    Fire    Extinguisher   Co.  23 

Globe    Ventilator    Co 11    Cover 

Gorham   Co.,   The — 

Gorton  &  Lidgerwood  Co 28 

Grant   Pulley    ft    Hardware    Co.  38 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 32 

Grimmer    &    Son,    Charles 11 

Gustafson     Co.,     Albin 11 

Harbison-Walker-Refractories 
Co IV    Cover 

HIggins   ft   Co..   Chas.    M 33 

Howell,   Field   ft   Goddard,   Inc.  29 
Huber  Co..   H.   F 4 

Indiana    Flooring     Company...  11 
Ives  Co.,  The  H.   B 32 

Jones,    Thomas    W 32 

Keefe  ft  Murphy H 

Kertscher  ft   Co 2 

Knoburn   Co.,   The 25 

Lane  Bros.   Co — 

Lrfiura  ft  Co.,  John 13 

Loomis   Manning  Filter   Distri- 
buting   Co IV    Cover 

Manual  Arts  Press,  The 28 

Marble  &  Shattuck  Chair  Co..  21 

Marbleold    Co.,    The 13 

Metropolitan  Electric  Mfg.  Co. .  37 

Monument    Plaster    Co 37 

Morton,    Thomas    27 

Newman    Clock    Co 22 

Northwestern    Terra-Cotta    Co., 
The    38 


Page 
Otis    Elevator    Company 17 

Pierce,    Butler    ft    Pierce    Mfg. 
Co 9 

Polachek    Bronze    ft    Iron    Co., 
John     6 

Pomeroy   Co.,    Inc.,    S.    H 27 

Porsth    Electric   Co 6 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  32 

Rockwood    Sprinkler    Co 24 

Ronalds    ft    Johnson    Co 40 

See  Electric  Elevator  Co..  The 
A.  B 33 

Self-Clinching    Nail    Co 33 

Shoemaker,    Benjamin    H 33 

Silver   Lake   Co II    Cover 

Simmons  Co.,  John 26 

Smith,    Inc.,    W.    E 41 

Speidel,    J.    G 33 

Stanley  Works,   The    29 

Star    Expansion    Bolt    Co 16 

Starrett    Company,    Theodore..  15 

Sunset    Co II    Cover 

Tettenborn    Refrigerators 32 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com- 
pany      — 

United    States   Mineral  Wool  Co.  27 

United     States     Press    Clipping 
Bureau    35 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co.,  The.  33 

Volgtmann    ft   Co 27 

Vogel    Co.,    H.    G 27 

Voska,    Foelsch   ft    Sidlo,    Inc..     2 

Walsh,    Dominic    A 4 

Washburne  ft  Co.,  E.  G 35 

Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,   James  G. . . .  16 


nsTnarffjOinnlSi 


Classified    Advertisements 

NOTE.-Every  classified  advurilser  is  entitled  to  Insertion  under  one  heading.    Under  extra  headings.  $5.00  a  year  each 


ARCHITECTURAL    BRONZE. 

The  Oorbara  Co Fifth  Ave.,   N.    Y. 

Polachek    Bronze    &     Iron    Co..     John. 

144-6-8    Clay    St.,    Brooklyn.    New    York 

ARCHITECTURAL   WOODWORK. 

KoriHcher  &  Co I.'J  Lawrtnuo  S    .   X.   V.   :':    • 

Smith,  Inc.,  W.   E 1  MaJisDn  /we..  .\.  V. 

AWNINGS,   BLINDS,   ETC, 

Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,   Jas.   G. 

5   W.    21)th    St.,    New   York    City 

BOILERS. 

Badger   &    Sons   Co..    E.    B Boston,    Mass 

Gorton   &    Lidgerwood   Co., 

96   Liberty    St.,    New  York 
Pierce.  Butler  A  Pierce  Mfg.  CcSyracus*.  N.   Y. 

BOLTS— Expansion,      Machine      Expansion,      Se')co 

Mooring,   Sebco  Twin,   Toggle. 
Rvnna.  F.  H... 31-35  Ilewes  St..   Brooklyn.  N.   V 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co..  147-14H  Cedar  St.,  N.  Y. 

BRICK— Enameled  Front. 

American  Enamel  Brick  &  Tile  Co., 

1182  U  road  way.  N.   V 

Carter.  Black  &  Ayers lltji'  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Fiske  &   Co..   Inc New    York.    Boston 

Harbison-Walker    Refractories    Co., 

:J0    Church    St..    New    Y'ork 

BRIDGES. 

Van   Dorn    Iron    Works   Co Clevelaod,    0. 

BRONZE. 

Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron   Co.,  John, 

144-0-8  Clay  St.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

BUILDING  CONTRACTORS. 

Fuller   Co..   Geo.    A..    Marquette    Bidg..   Chicago. 
Starrett  Co.,   Theodore H«  Park  Ave.   N.  Y. 

BUILDING   DIRECTORY. 

U.  S.  Chasgeable  Sign  Co.. 3-7  W.  29th  St..  N.  Y. 

BUREAU  OF  NEWS. 

U.   S.   Press  Clipping  Bureau, 

156  La  Salle  St..  Chicago.   III. 

BUTTS.  BALL-BEARING. 

Stanley  Works,  The New  Britain,  Conn. 

CHAIR    MANUFACTURERS. 

Marble  and  Shattuck  Chair  Co.,  The, 

Chicago-New     York. 

CLOCKS— Synchronized,    Watchman's. 

Newman  Clock  Co.,  The... 178  Fulton  St.,  N.   Y. 
Prentiss  Clock   Improvement  Co., 

Dept.   11.  Vri  Ch8nib«-r«  St..  .\     Y 

CONCRETE   SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co..  The Canton,  O 

CORDAGE. 

surer  Lake  Co ^  poston,  Mas«i* 

BKCORATORS. 

Huber  Co..  H.    H^^ 13  ^  gt..   N.   Y. 


Poughkeepsie,    N.    Y. 


DOOR  HANGERS. 

Lane   Bros.    Co 

DRAWER   SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  &  Hardware  Co.. 

35    Warren    St.,    N. 


DRAWING  INKS— (Hlgglns). 
Higglns  &  Co..  Cbas.  M., 

271  9th  St..  Brooklyn.  N.   Y. 


DUMB  WAITERS. 

Otis   Elevator  Co 17    Battery    Piac#     N.    > 

Speldel.  J.  Q Reading.  Pa. 

ELECTRICAL    CONTRACTORS. 

Boyd   Equipment   Co 373   4th    Ave.,    N.     Y. 

GusUfson  Co.,  Albln 34  E.  2yth  St.,   N.    Y. 

Porsth  Electric  Co 10  E.  23d  St.,   N.    Y. 

Sunset    Company. 
1101-1102  Firemen's  Ins.    Bldg..   Newark.   N.    J. 

ELEVATORS. 

A.    B.    See  Electric   Elevator   Co..  The, 

220    Broadway,    New    York 

Otis  Elevator  Co 17  Battery   Place.  N.    Y. 

Speldel.   J.   G Reading.   Pa. 

ENGINEERS.    ELECTRICAL,    CONSULTING,    ETC. 
BLssing,  Harry 363  W.  42d  St..  N.  Y. 

BSNORAVER8  AND  ILLUSTRATORS. 

Gatchel   ft   Manning Philadelphia,    P«. 

EXPANSION  BOLTS. 

Evans,  F.  H... 31-35  Hewes  St.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co 147  Cedar  St.,  >.    x. 

EXTERIOR  PLASTER.  ^^       ,  ^,     , 

Monumental  Plaster  Company Harrison.  >.  J. 


FENCING  AND  RAILINGS. 
Van   Dorn   Iron  Works   Co. 


Cleveland,   O 


FILTBRS. 

LoomiB-Manning  Filter  Distributing  Co., 

828  Land  Title  Bldg..  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

FIRE    DOOR    EQUIPMENT. 

Lane  Broe.  Co Poughkeepsie.  N.  Y. 

FIRE    EQUIPMENT,    GENERAL. 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St.,  N.  Y. 

FIREPROOF   DOORS  AND   SHUTTERS. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown.  N.  Y. 
Grant  Pulley  A   Hardware  Co.. 

3  West  29th  St..  New  York 
Howell,    Field    &    Goddard,    Inc., 

404-406  E.  03d   St..  X.  Y. 
Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,   S.    H.. 

427   W.    13th   St.,   New   York  City 

FIREPROOF  HARDWARE. 

H.  B.  Ives  Company,  The New  Haven.  Conn. 


L 


ARClUTI.CiiRIi   ASD   BUILDISG. 


FLUSHOVALVES 


have  been  used  in  a  very  large  percentage 
of  the  medium  and  high  grade  buildings 
constructed  during  the  past  two  jcars. 

In  191 1  they  were  used  in  more  than  one 
hundred  of  the  largest  buildings  constructed 
in  New  York  City  aione. 

Of  twenty-two  New  York   Cit\-   aparl- 
PLA1E  H  ment    houses    shown     in 

this  issue,  twelve  ha\c  Flushovalves  installed. 

All  vahes  made  in  our  own   factory    and   each 
one  tested  before  shipment. 

Goods  right ;  prices  right;  satisfied  customers 
our  motto. 

Save    your    clients    trouble    and    expense    by 
specifying  FLUSHOVALVES. 

Send  for  Catalogue 

FLUSHOVALVE  COMPANY 

61-71  Greenwich  Avenue  New  Ycrk  City  platf  !9 


FOR   YOUR   HEATING   EQUIPMENT 

Specify 

Pierce 

BoQers  s^Radiaiors 

Our  Primer  on  heat  is  a  new  booklet  we 
recently  issued,  and  it  gives  the  primary 
theory  of  heating  a  home.  It  will  be 
found  interesting  by  any  one  interested 
in  heat.      It  is  free  —  ask  for  a  copy. 

PIERCE,  BUTLER  &  PIERCE  MFG.  CO. 

333  JAMES  STREET,  SYRACUSE,  N.  Y. 
Branches  in  Principal  Cities 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


riRBPROOF  WINDOWS. 

Dahlitrom  Metallic  Door  Co..JamMtowii.  N.  T. 
Knobum  Company, 

359-368  14th  St.  Hoboken.  N.  J. 
Pomero7  Co.  (Inc.).  8.  H.  .427  W.  IStta  St..  N.  T. 
Volgtmann  A  Co..  427  W.  13th  SL.  New  Tork. 

FIXTURES.  OAS  AND  BLBCTRIC. 
Consolidated    Chandelier    Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St..  N.  Y. 

FLOORTNO— Stone.  Hardwood,  etc. 

Indiana   Flooring  Co 7  E.   42d  St.,   N.   Y. 

Marblelold  Co.,  The Marbrldge  Bldg..  N.  Y. 

FLOOR  AND  WOODWORK   POU8H. 

Felton.  SIblej  *  Co... 186  N.  4th  8t,  PhUa..  Pa. 

FLUSHOVALVES. 
FlushovaWe   Co., 

71   Greenwich  Ave.,   New   York  City 

FURNITURE.    DRAPERIES,    RUGS.    ETC. 
.     H.   F.  Huber  Co 13  E.  40th  St.,   N.  Y. 

FURNITURE,  HALL  AND  GARDEN 

American    Garden    Beautifying    Co.,    The 

300  Schenck  Ave.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

OARAOB  OA80LBNB  TANKS. 

Bowser  A  Co.,  Ino..  &  F Ft.  Wayne.  Ind. 

OAS  AND  ELECTRIC  FIXTURES. 
Consolidated   Chandelier   Co.. 

132-136  W.  14th  St..  N.  Y. 

GLASS— Plate,  Vault,  OmamenUl. 

Arnsteln.   M..   7©2  Amsterdam   Ave..   N.    Y. 
Shoemaker,  BeoJ,  H...206  N.  4th  St..  Phlla..  Pa. 

ORAPHITB  PAINT. 

Dixon  Craelble  Co..  Joe Jersey  City.  N.  J. 

HANGERS— Honse.  Barn .  Door. 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsle.  N.   Y. 

HAPnWARR. 

Chloaco  SpHng  Butt  Co..  Chicago.  111.;  New  Tork 

Ives  Co.,  The  H.  B New  Haven.  Conn. 

Suuiley  Works,  The,  Dept.  B. 

Now  Britain,  Conn.,  and  79  Chambers  St.,  N.  T. 

HEATING  APPLIANCES.     (Also  see  BoUers.) 

Boyd  Equipment  Co... 373  Fourth  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
iiorion  «t  Lidgerwood  Co.  .M  Liberty  8u,  M.  k. 
Unmphrey  Co... 604  Roee  St.,  Kalamasoo.  Mloh, 
Kelsey  Heating  Co., 

207-R  Building,  Syracuse.  N.  Y. 
Pleroe^    Butter   ft   Pierce   Mtg.    Co., 

Dept.  17,  Syraeuse,  N.  T. 
254  4tii  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

HINGES— Spring,  Ballbearing.  Etc. 

Bommer  Bro»...2ft7  Classon  Av..  Brooklyn,  N.  T. 
Ohloago  Spring  Butt  Co., 

Ghieago.  111.:  New  York. 
Stanley  Works.  The New  Britain,   Conn. 

HOLLOW  TILE. 

Carter.   Black  &   Ayers..ll82   Broadway,   N.   Y. 

HOT-WATER  BOILER&— Copper. 
Badger  &  Sons  Co.,  E.  H.. 

63-75  Pitt  St..  Boston,   Mass. 

IRON   WORK— Ornamental    and    Structural. 
Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John 

144-6-8  Clay  St.  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Winslow  Bros.   Company.  The, 
Harrison  St.,  46th  and  47th  Aves,   Chicago,   III. 


i2S5&fBiIMljA\ 


JAIL  AND  PRISON  WORK. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  0. 

JOIST  HANOBR8-(Steel). 

Lane  Broa.  Co Poughkeepsle.  N.  T. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  O. 

KITCHEN  EQUIPMENT. 

Barth  A   Son.  L..   Cooper  Square,   New  York. 

UGHTINO  FIXTURES— Gas  and  Eleetrle. 

Black  &  Boyd   Mfg.    Co... 23  E.   22d   St.,   N.    Y. 
Consolidated  Chandelier  Co.. 

132-136  W.  14th  St.,  N.  Y. 
Frink.  L   P 24th  St  and  lOtb  Ave..  N.  Y. 

LIGHTNING  RODS. 

Jones,  T.  W 22  Burling  Slip,  N.  T. 

Washbume  A  Co.,  B.  G..209  Fulton  St.  N.  T. 

LIMB. 

Farnum  Cheshire  Lime   Co., 

39  Cortlandt  St.,  N.  Y. 

LUMBER— WHOLESALE. 

Indiana  Flooring  Company.. 7  E.  42d  St.,  N.  Y. 

MARBLE  WORKERS. 

Cork  ft  Zicha  Marble   Co.. 

325-327  E.  94th   St..  New  York 
Voska.  Foelsch  ft  Sldlo,  Mills  St.  Astoria,  N.  Y. 

METAL  CEILINGS. 

Berger    Mtg.  Co.,   The Canton,   O. 

METAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Knobum  Company, 

8S9-368  14th  St.  Hoboken.  N.  J. 

METAL   LATHING. 

Greenfield,  Inc..  Arthur. ..  .204  E.  26th  St,  N.  Y. 

METAL  LOCKERS. 

Darby  ft  Sons  Co.,  Inc.,  Edward. 

228  Arch   St.,   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

METAL  LUMBER. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

MBTALLIC   OFFICE   FURNITURB. 

Berger  Mtg.  Co..  The OantOBp  O. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  O. 

METAL   SASH   AND    FRAMES. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co... Jamestown,  N.  T. 

Knobum  Company 240  11th  Ave.,  N.  T. 

Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.).  S.  H...427  W.  18th  St.  N.T. 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy  Co.,  (Inc.),  T.  H.  427  W.  ISth  St.  N.  T. 
Volgtmann  ft  Co.,  427  W.  18th  St.  New  York. 

MINERAL  WOOL. 

U.  8.  Mineral  Wool  Co.... 140  Cedar  8t.  N.  T. 

MODELS— PLASTER.    CEMENT.    ETC. 
Walsh.  Dominic  A., 

461    Cortland    St.    Belleville,    N.    J. 

PAINTING  CONTRACTORS. 

Grimmer  ft  Son.  Charles.. 230  E.  37th  St,  N.  Y. 

PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRESERVING  IRON 
AND  STEEL. 
Dixon  Cmolble  (3o.,  Joe Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

PAINTS,  OILS,  VARNISHES,  WOOD  FILLING.  eCo. 

Dixon  Oruolble  Co.,  Jos Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

Felton,  Slblsy  ft  Co., 

186  N.  4th  St,  Philadelphia,  Pft. 

PLASTER  WORK— Plain.  Ornamental. 

(3onroy  Bros 217  W.  125th  St,  New  York. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


For  thirty  years  the  firm  of  Cliarles  Grimmer  4  Son  has  been  known  to  yoo 
as  Painters.  Recently  we  have  acquired  the  bnsiness  of  the  W.  Lndwi^ 
Schaltze  Co.,  the  well  known  Decorators.  In  our  three  new  boildings  we  now 
have  facilities  for  doing  the  same  hi^  class  Cabinet  Wood-Work  and  Up- 
holstery as  we  have  for  Painting. 

A  line  of  inquiry  brings  a  representative,  or  we  should  be  glad  to  welcome 
you  at  our  extensive  factories  and  our  beautifal.  new  showrooms,  where  we 
carry  the  largest  and  moat  select  stock  In  New  York,  ol  Wall  Papers,  Mantels, 
Andirons.  Electric  Fixtures,  Fabrics,  Furniture.  Mirrors.  Antiques,  Clocks. 
Candlesticks,  Lamps  and  Pillows. 

<Li^\tB  (Srfttutur  $c  0an 

T*l«rt*QM.  7SS7-7W  Hi«Mo  S«d*t*.  210-234  Eaal  37lh  SInal,  NEW  YORK 


PHONE:  6862  BRYANT 


INDIANA  FLOORING  COMPANY 

Wholesale  Lumber 

7  East  42d  Street  New  York  City 

We  fumishetj  tJie  floors  for  the  following  Apartment  Houscb  shown  in  this  issue: 
Casino.  Brooklyn.  150  West  79th  Street,  I57th  Street  and  Audubon  Avenue. 
Bachelor  ApartmenU,  55th  Street,  bcL  8th  and  9th  Aves.,  155-7  East  Slst  Sl 


KEEFE  &  MURPHY 

$lumi)tng  anl)  ^eattns  dDontrattots 

15  OLD  BROADWAY 
Near  Manhattan  Street  NEW  YORK 


The  accompanying  cut  repreienta  the 

Anericao  Bank  Me  Conpany's 
Ne¥  Brmi,  N.  Y,  Fictorr. 


Albin  Gnstafsoo  Co. 

Electrical  Contractors 

34  EMt  291h  Street.    New  York 


^ii^hen  writins  Advertiaers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Building- 


Classified  A dvertisem en ts— Continued 


PLUMBERS. 

Boyd    Equipment    Co... 37a    Fourth    Ave.,    N.    Y. 
Keefe  &  Murphy    l.l  Old   Broadway,  N.   Y. 

PLUMBBRS'  WARES.— Bath- Tubs,  Closets,  Drink- 
ing Fountains,  Lavatoriee,  Lauodrr  Tubn. 
Ranirs  Gl0!«<>tB,    Sinkn.    Urinals. 

Flushovalve  Co   71  Greenwich  Ave.,   N.  Y. 

fierce,  Butler  4k  Fierce  Mfg.  Co., 

Dept.   17,   Syracuse,   N.   Y 
254  4th  Ave.,  N.  Y 
Ronalds   &    Johnson. 

43    Boerum    Place,    Brooklyn.    N.    Y. 

PORTLAND   CEMENT. 

PRESS  CLIPPINGS. 

United  States  Press  Clipping  Bureau.  The. 

State  &  Adams  Sts.,  Chicago^    111. 

PRONG  LOCK.  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  0. 

PUBLISHERS. 

Comstock  Co..  The  W.  T..23  Warren  St..   N.   V 

Concrete    Age,    The Atlanta,    Georgia 

Manual  Arts  Press,  The, 

600  German  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria,  111. 

PULLBTS. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardwara  Co., 

8    W.    29th    St.,    N.    Y. 

ItBFLBCTORS. 

Frink,  I.  P 24th  St.  and  10th  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

REFRIGERATORS,    PORCELAIN,    ETC. 

Tettenborn     Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati,     O. 

RINGS—Bridle,  Corner  Brace  (Bridle).  Sebco  Aerial. 
Star  Ezpanalon  Bolt  Co..l47-14U  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 

ROLLING  DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS— Steel. 
Grant    Pulley    and    Hardware    Co.. 

3   W.    2yth    St..    New    York    City. 
Wilson   Mfg.    Co.,   James   G.. 

3  W.  29th  St.,   New  York 

ROOFING  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

R«rr<»tt   Mf«.   Co New   York.   N.   Y. 

Laura  &  Co.,  John 160  3th  Ave.,  New  York. 

SANITARY   SPECIALTIES. 

A.  P.  W.  Paper  Co Albany,  N.  Y. 

BASH  CHAINS. 

Morton,  Thomas IW  Elm  St.,  N.  Y. 

SASH  CORDS. 

SllTor  Lake  Co Boston.   Mass. 

SASH  LOCKS. 

ITM  Co.,  Tha  H.  B New  Haven,  Conn. 

SASH  PULLEYS— Iron,  Brass,  Bronsa. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

8  W.  29th  St..  N.  Y. 

SELF-CLINCHING  NAILS. 

Self-Clinching  Nail  Co Philadelphia,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIFTS. 

Speidel,  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton.   0. 

SIGNS,    CHANGEABLE.    ETC. 
U.    S.   Changeable  Sign   Co., 

3   W.   29th   St.,   New   York 

SKYLIGHTS. 

Architectural    Metal    Works, 

1192-1194    2d    Ave.,    New    York. 

SNOW  GUARD 

Folsom   Snow  Guard  Co., 

Roslindale  (Boston).    Mass. 


SPRING  HINGES. 

Bommer  Bros 257  Classon  Ave.,  Bklyn,  N.  T. 

Chicago   Spring  Butt   Co.. 

Chicago.  111.:  New  York. 

SPRINKLRR   SYSTEMS. 

General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 

Providence,    R.    I. 
Rockwood  Sprinkler  Co...  123  William  Si.,  N.  > 
Vogel  Co.,  H.  G 12  Walker  St..  N.  Y. 

.STEEL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland.  0 

STEEL  JOIST   HANGERS. 

Lane   Bros.   Co Poughkeepsle.   N.    Y 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland.  O. 

STUCCO. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison.  N.  J. 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (Automatic). 

Lane  Bros.    Co Poughkeepsle,    N.    Y. 

TERRA  COTTA. 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co... Ill  Broadway.  N.   Y. 
Northwestern  Terra   Cotta  Co.. 

1000  Cly bourn  Ave..  Chicago. 

VALVES. 

Flushovalve  Co 71  Greenwich   Ave.,   N.    Y. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton,   0- 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Co. 

262  Monitor  St.,   Brooklyn,   N.  Y. 

VENTILATING   LOCKS. 

H.    B.    Ives    Co.,    The New    Haven,    Conn. 

VENTILATING    RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,   N.   Y. 

VENTILATORS. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.  T. 

Washburne  &  Co.,  E.  G...209  Fulton   St.,  N.  Y. 

WALL   FINISHES— FLAT,    ETC. 
Keystone   Varnish   Co., 

71  Otsego  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

WATER    FILTERS. 

Loomls -Manning  Filter  Co., 

828  Land  Title  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

WEATHER    VANES. 

Jones.  Thos.  W 153  Maiden  Lane,  N.  Y. 

Washburne  ft   Co.,   E.    G.. 

209   Fulton   St.,    N.    Y. 

WINDOW  STOP  ADJUSTERS  AND  VENTILATING 
LOCKS. 
Ives  Co..  The  H.  B New  Haven.  Conn. 

WIRE  ROPE. 

Broderick  &  Bascom  Rope  Co., 

809  North  Main  St..  St.   Louis.  Mo. 

WOOD-WORKINO  MACHINERY. 
Barnes  Co.,   W.   F.  ft  John. 

Tim  Ruby  St..    Rookford.    III. 


i7^»Tp7F^T\TT 


.iRCHlTECTURE   .IXD   BflLDISG. 


Marbleloid  J 


rchitccHiro    unci    Buildlnj 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Modem  School  Buildings 

A  Collection  of  150  Pages  of  Illustrations  of  Recently  Con- 
structed School  Houses,  from  the  Small  School  to  the 
Normal  and  Technical  Schools,  Ranging  in 
Price  from  $20,000.00  to  $500,000.00 

Supplemented  with  a  Series  of  Articles  by 
PROF.  A.  D.  F.  HAMLIN,  Columbia  University 
WM.  J.  ITTNER,  Architect,  Board  of  Education,  St.  Louis 
C.  B.  J.  SNYDER,  Architect,  Board  of  Education,  N.  Y. 
FRANK  G.  McCANN,  Heating  and  Ventilating  Engineer 
and  many  other  prominent  authorities 

The  useful,  practical  information  will  be  of  great  value  to   Architects, 
School  Boards,  Superintendents  and  others  interested  in  the  subject  of 
Bchool  designing.    Size  of  page  and  plates,  9  x  12. 
Cloth,  Price,  $7.50 

THE  WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY,  PubUsher 

23  WARREN  STREET,  NEW  YORK 

When  wrItfnK  Adverllser".  pleaae  mention   Architecture   and   BulldlnK. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING 


When  writing  Advertisers,   please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   ASD   ISUlLDISu. 


llSPRIHGHINGESlI 


ARE   QUALITY    GOODS 

But  cost  no  more  than  inferior  kinds 


DON'T  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  when  specify- 
ing spring  liinges,  whith  of  all  iiardivare  perform 
the  hardest  worL.  Bonimer  Sprirg  Hinges  never 
fail  to  give  satisfaction,  and  have  withstood  the 
test  of  time.  The  Bprings  never  go  lame. 
"Practically  Unbreakable,"  says  the  World's 
Fair  Award,  ChicaKO,  1S93. 

All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Them 


■   and    lluLldinc:. 


Architecture  and  Building 

A  Magaziat  Hevattd  lo  Cenlemperary  Arthiteciural  CemtrBtlitn 


Volume  XLIV. 


FEBRUARY.    1912 


THE  PASSING    OF  THE   INTERIOR   TENEMENT 
STAIR 


f  CHARLES  WARREN  HASTINGS. 


STAIRWAY  planning  is  one  of  the 
most  important  items  in  any  build- 
ing, and  an  intelligent  treatment  may  add 
greatly  to  the  utihy  of  the  building.  Since 
the  earliest  history  of  tenement  houses, 
the  dark,  narrow  and  closed  stairways 
usual  to  such  buildings  have  been  one  of 
the  tenement's  most  objectionable  fea- 
tures, but  for  years  the  world  has  gone 
on  building  tenements  in  much  the  same 
way,  often  attempting  improvements  in 
other  directions,  but  seldom  in  the  stair- 
ways. The  first  recorded  attempt  to 
build  stairways  which  should  be  free 
from  objectionable  characteristics  was 
made  in  1878 — the  Monroe  Tenements 
on  Monroe  Street,  Manhattan,  and  tene- 
ments erected  by  Alfred  J.  White  ou 
Columbus  Street,  Brooklyn.  Neither  of 
these  attempts  proved  successful,  and 
several  important  objections  are  appar- 
ent from  the  plans.  The  common  hall- 
ways were  dirt  and  filth  collectors,  un- 
lighted  and  unventilated,  and  in  case  of 
fire  in  the  front  apartments  it  was  impos- 
sible for  the  other  tenants  to  get  past  the 
burning  rooms  to  the  common  hallway. 
The  Vanderbilt  Tenements  are  the  re- 
sult of  Mrs.  W.  K.  Vanderbilt's  study  of 
tuberculosis  among  the  very  poor.  Sun- 
light and  fresh  air — ihe  two  most  impor- 
tant requisites  in  the  cure  of  this  disease, 
are  usually  lacking  in  the  average  tene- 
ment, and  when  Mrs.  Vanderbilt  decided 


to  build  a  group  of  tenements  in  which 
these  two  elements  should  be  present,  the 
open-air  type  seemed  to  offer  a  satisfac- 
tory solution  to  the  problem.  The  site 
selected  for  the  tenements — 78th  Street 
east  of  Avenue  A — has  several  important 
advantages.  It  is  on  high  ground,  and 
in  the  neighborhood  of  a  University  set- 
tlement where  much  sociological  work  is 
being  done.  The  city  of  New  York  has 
built  a  public  school  and  a  public  bath  in 
this  section,  and  the  John  Jay  Park  is 
under  way. 
The  Vanderbilt  Tenements  possess  all 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 

the  advantages  usual  in  model  tenements, 
such  as  garbage  closets,  ample  light - 
courts,  etc. ;  but  the  radical  improvement 
in  their  construction  is  embodied  in  the 
open  stairways,  of  which  there  are  four 
in  each  building,  a  flight  starting  from 
each  comer  of  the  main  court  of  each 
building  and  ascending  to  the  roof. 
These  stairways,  being  open  to  the 
air  on  all  four  sides,  give  off  no  noisome 
odors  because  of  the  currents  of  fresh, 
outside  air  constantly  passing  through 
them ;  filth  and  litter  are  too  readily  seen 
to  accumulate;  fire  escapes  are  rendered 
unnecessary,  for  there  can  be  no  better 
fire  escape  than  the  open  stairway  itself. 
In  the  event  of  fire,  each  occupant  can  go 
out  upon  the  balcony  in  front  of  his  own 
door,  which,  being  a  fireproof,  self-clos- 
ing door,  automatically  closes,  thus  pre- 
venting any  possibility  of  flames  shooting 
THE  MONROE.  BUILT  IN  18TS.  "P  ^^^  Stairway.    The  danger  of  suffoca- 


PLAN  OP  THE  MONROE. 


OPEN  STAIR  TENEMENTS 


tion  by  smoke  is  entirely  obviated,  be- 
cause no  matter  how  dense  the  volume  of 
smoke  may  be,  the  animated  current  of 
air  will  carry  it  aloft  and  dissipate  it, 
removing  even  the  danger  of  stupor.  The 
stairways,  being  open  on  all  sides  and  in 
clear  view  of  the  watchmen  or  police, 
cannot  be  used  for  the  immoral  purposes 
for  which  the  enclosed  stairs  of  tene- 
ments are  so  often  employed.  The  use 
of  the  open  stairways  gives  an  increased 
area  of  12  square  feet  which  may  be 
added  to  the  room  space  in  each  apart- 
ment.   The  stairs  are  protected  from  the 


Wm.   P.   Ml  Her,   Associate. 

weather  by  wired  glass  at  the  top,  insur- 
ing safe  and  comfortable  access  to  and 
from  the  street  in  inclement  weather. 
There  are  no  elevators,  and  in  order  that 
the  climbing  of  the  stairs  may  not  be 
unduly  tiresome,  benches  are  provided  as 
resting  places  on  each  landing. 

The  roofs  of  the  Vanderbilt  Tene- 
ments, which  command  an  excellent  view 
of  the  East  River  and  Long  Island  and 
afford  on  clear  days  at  all  seasons,  an 
ideal  resting  place  in  the  open  air  for 
tubercular  patients,  have  been  made  as 
attractive   and  comfortable   as  possible. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


OPEN  STAIR  TENEyfENTS 


fl 


3=       I  -^*' 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


DETAILS   OF   THE   ROOP,    SHOWING  THE    SHBLTBBS   OVER    THE    STAIRWAYS   AND 
THE  PAVEMENT  OP  TlI,J3  ADAPTING  THE  ROOF  FOR  A  RECREATION  GROUND. 
Plat  Tile  Roof;  John  Ln„^n  &  Co.  Henry    Atterbury    Smith.    Architect. 

Carpentry:   W.  E.  Smith    Vrf.  W"*-  P'  Miller.  AsBoeiate. 

Copper  Cornlcfs  ami  S^(',llp^"■    Architectural    Metal    Works. 


OPEN  STAIR  TENEMENTS 


51 


THE  ADMINISTRATION  BOOM  IN  THE  I 
TENEMENTS.  MARBLELOID  FLOORING 
A  SANITARY  BASE. 

and  are  provided  with  shelters  with  glass 
protection  to  the  north.  The  window 
balconies  serve  a  similar  purpose — they 
are  not  fire  escapes,  but  are  for  the  pur- 
pose of  out-door  living.  The  windows 
are  triple  hung  and  open  down  to  the 
floor. 

The  buildings  are  six  stories  high,  en- 
tirely fireproof  in  construction,  and  con- 
tain suites  of  two,  three,  four  and  five 
rooms,  each  suite  having  its  separate 
complete  bath  of  three  fixtures — basin, 
tub  and  toilet.  These  toilets  are  vented 
upon  the  stair  wells  of  the  open  stairs, 
and  also  into  narrow  vent  shafts  about  2 
by  4  feet  in  cross  sectional  area. 

In  the  basement  are  public  laundries 
and  steam-driers,  although  wash  tubs  are 


also  provided  in  each 
suite.  There  are  also 
locker  rooms  for  baby 
carriages  and  bicycles, 
accessible  to  the  street 
by  means  of  an  inclined 
runway.  The  boiler 
plant,  which  is  centrally 
located  under  the  court, 
is  of  such  a  capacity  that 
in  addition  to  the  heat- 
ing, electric  light  may  be 
supplied  to  the  tenants  at 
no  extra  cost.  Hot  water 
is  provided,  and  the  kit- 
chens are  equipped  with 
gas  ranges.  The  rooms 
are  of  monolithic  fire- 
proof construction,  the 
floor  surface  being  turn- 
ed up  several  inches  into 
the  walls,  with  a  sanitary 
AIR  face,  thus  eliminating  all 
""  cracks  and  corners  at  the 
junction  of  floor  and 
wall.  Thisflooring  is  a  composition  known 
as  Marbleloid  and  about  300,000  sq.  ft. 
have  been  laid  in  the  four  buildings. 

The  cost  of  these  buildings  was 
$1,250,000,  and  while  philanthropic  in 
their  original  conception,  they  have 
proved  to  be  so  entirely  practical  in  their 
operation,  that  a  company  has  been 
formed  to  build  a  similar  group  in  178th 
Street  as  a  practical  investment  venture. 
Several  other  like  projects  have  also  been 
started. 

The  builders  of  the  tenements  were 
Jacobs  and  Young.  The  carpentry  work 
was  done  by  W.  E,  Smith,  Inc.  John 
Laura  &  Co,  laid  the  flat  tile  roof  and  the 
Architectural  Metal  Works  did  the  cop- 
per cornices  and  skylights. 


THE    FIRST    "TEXTURE-TILE"    HOUSE 


IF  for  no  other  reason,  the  house 
which  these  pictures  show  would 
be  interesting  because  it  is  the  pioneer 
"Texture-Tile"  house.  In  explanation  of 
the  unusual  form  of  the  house,  it  may 
be  well  to  say  that  it  is  built  on  a  hill, 
and  on  the  side  opposite  its  approach, 
circles  a  panoramic  view  with  an  horizon 
fifteen  miles  distant.  The  house  was 
curved  in  plan  so  that  every  room  would 
command  this  view.  The  roofing  of  the 
house  is  an  attempt  to  reflect  the  outline 
of  the  hill  in  the  building  itself.  A  bung- 
alow type  was  the  owner's  preference. 
In  so  far  as  this  article  is  concerned,  it 
is  the  structural  aspect  of  the  building 
which  will  be  considered,  and  its  design 
will  be  studied  only  in  its  bearing  on  the 
use  of  "Texture-Tile." 

This  house,  which  is  the  country  home 
of  Mr.  Horace  Lyon,  at  Englewood, 
N.  J.,  was  designed  originally  with  S-inch 
terra-cotta  walls  above  grade,  which  were 
to  be  stuccoed,  and  the  cost  of  the  entire 
structure  figured  twenty  cents  a  cubic 
foot.  A  lO-inch  wail  of  "Texture-Tile" 
facing  and  stock  tile  backing  was  sub- 
stituted at  no  additional  cost  o^e""  t'^^  8- 


inch  wall  with  stucco.  In  other  words, 
this  contractor  figured  a  lO-inch  "Tex- 
ture-Tile" wall  to  cost  the  same  as  an. 
8-inch  stock  tile  wall  stuccoed. 

In  another  building,  now  imder  way, 
which  was  originally  designed  in  frame, 
an   interesting  comparison  of   costs  ob- 


The  Pyne  House,  deBigned  by  McKlm.  Mead 
&    White.       In    ChlB.    originated    the    Idea 

ot  "Texture-Tile." 


THE  HOLLOW  TILE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE 


tains.  The  same  contractor  who  figured 
the  job  in  frame  is  now  building  it  in 
"Textiire-Tile"  at  an  advance  of  only  3 
per  cent,  over  his  frame  proposal.  So 
much  for  costs. 

All  the  drawings  were  laid  out  to  exact 
tile  dimensions,  both  horizontally  and 
vertically,  so  that  no  "Texture-Tile" 
were  cut.  The  two  lowest  courses  were 
laid  dry  all  around  the  building  before 
any  work  was  begim.  This  kind  of  plan- 
ning resulted  in  a  very  accurate  and 
rapid  piece  of  work.  Three  sizes  of 
"Texture-Tile"  were  used — the  stretcher, 
the  half-stretcher,  and  the  corner  block. 
The  last  was  an  L-shaped  block  showing 
a  stretcher  length  on  one  side  and  a  half- 
stretcher  on  the  other,  which  has  since 


been  abandoned  in  favor  of  a  simpler 
rectangular  comer  block  like  a  brick  and 
of  such  length  that  it  reaches  from  the 
corner  to  the  center  of  the  first  regular 
tile  above  it. 

In  this  instance  the  "Texture-Tile" 
was  made  from  a  Jersey  clay,  the  rough 
surface  being  obtained  by  mixing  broken 
tile  with  the  clay  before  it  was  fired. 
More  successful  is  the  use  of  shales  such 
as  those  from  which  the  western  and 
Pennsylvania  rough  brick  are  made.  The 
writer  sees  no  reason  why  the  lighter 
colors  seen  so  often  in  the  western  clays 
may  not  be  the  most  successful  and  find 
use  in  the  most  dignified  buildings.  School 
buildings,  hospitals,  hotels,  and  other 
small  public  buildings,  the  stuccoing  of 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THE  WINGS  ARH  TURNBD  TO  THE  VIEW. 


which  combats  a  popular  prejudice,  could 
be  cheaply  and  effectively  executed  in 
"Texture-Tile,"  which  allows  a  unit  of 
damental  fireproof  qualities  without  be- 
ing limited  to  stucco  covering.  To  those 
architects  who  do  not  favor  the  use  of 
stucco,  "Texture-Tile"  should  remove 
the  last  objection  to  the  use  of  hollow 
terra-cotta  tile  as  a  fireproof  material  for 
the  walls  of  buildings. 

It  is  also  interesting  to  note  that  it  is 
always  possible  to  make  brick  at  the 
same  time  and  from  the  same  clay  as 
"Texture-Tile,"  which  allows  a  unit  of 
new  size  for  use  in  the  design  with  no 
unpleasant  variation  in  color  or  texture. 

As  is  to  be  expected  in  a  pioneer,  there 
are  defects  in  this  first  house.  The  cor- 
ner blocks  were  fired  twice  because  the 


first  firing  did  not  burn  them  dark 
enough.  The  second  firing  burned  them 
too  dark.  Where  there  are  small  piers, 
these  dark  corners  stripe  the  piers  too 
much.  There  is  a  trifle  too  much  varia- 
tion in  the  colors  of  nearby  tile  which 
even  the  rough-surfaced  neutral-colored 
joint  does  not  entirely  overcome.  But 
all  things  considered,  the  result  is  highly 
successful.  The  artistic  test  is  the 
answer  to  the  question  as  to  whether  or 
not  one  would  stucco  the  building.  To 
this,  for  all  who  have  seen  it,  the  answer 
of  architects  and  laymen  alike  is  an  em- 
phatic "no." 

The  greatest  charm  of  the  wall  is  its 
lovely  color.  When  seen  at  a  slight  angle 
it  looks  like  a  rare  old  oriental  rug.  It 
has    infinite   variety.     The   ensemble   is 


THE  HOLLOW  TILE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE 


55 


I   new   Block 


the  revival  of  taste  toward  good  brick 
work.  Long  ago,  brick  making  and 
brick  laying  were  among  the  fine  arts. 
It  is  getting  to  be  so  again.  In  the  old 
and  the  new  brick  art,  the  beauty  is  de- 
pendent on  the  texture  of  color  and  sur- 
face, just  as  it  is  in  fabrics.  Color  tex- 
ture is  the  ensemble  resulting  from  the 
combination  of  small  units,  each  varying 
in  a  small  degree  from  its  neighbor.  The 
general  tone  produced  is  a  blend  of  each, 
but  always  with  the  interest  of  the  con- 
trasts. Surface  texture  is  a  thing  of 
shadows.  It  is  the  play  of  light  and 
shade  on  the  roughened  surface  of  the 
units  and  on  the  dividing  joints  between 
them.     It  is  enhanced   if  the  diverging 


read  the  previous  articles  is  directed  to 


ARCHITECTI'RE  JXD  BUILDING. 


The  Shingle  as  a  large  unit, 
lines  make  up  a  pattern.  Good  modern 
illustrations  of  this  subject  of  texture 
are  the  Lotos  Club,  the  Madison  Square 
Presbyterian  Church  and  the  Brooklyn 
Academy  of  Music.  It  is  illustrated  in 
another  medium  in  the  big  waiting  room 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Station.  Here 
Travertine  marble  was  the  material  used, 
which  has  a  color  texture  of  its  own,  and 
the  surface  is  full  of  tiny  crevices  which 
give  a  decided  interest  to  the  general 
result.  These  principles  have  been  ap- 
plied to  "Texture-Tile,"  In  many  cases 
there  is  a  decided  change  in  color  in  the 
unit  itself.  Where  it  is  hard  to  get 
enough  variation  in  color  in  brick;  it  is 
easy  to  get  too  much  in  tile. 


The  size  of  the  "Texture-Tile"  unit 
is  the  most  obvious  departure  from  usual 
standards.  Yet  is  not  this  large  scale 
the  very  thing  that  is  striven  for  in  the 
country  house?  The  house  here  illus- 
trated has  its  shingles  laid  10  inches  to 
the  weather.  It  is  uniformly  successful 
practice  to  use  extra  wide  clapboards.  In 
stone  work,  so  much  of  the  charm  lies  in 
the  big  unit  that  it  is  difficult  to  say  when 
the  limit  of  size  has  been  reached.  Even 
in  brick  the  constant  tendency  is  to  make 
them  larger,  not  higher  possibly,  but  cer- 
tainly longer.  As  to  the  economy  of  the 
large  unit,  there  is  no  chance  for  argu- 
ment. A  mason  can  lay  a  "Texture-Tile" 
block  in  the  same  time  it  would  take  him 
to  lay  a  brick.  The  costs  of  the  houses 
here  mentioned  furnish  ample  proof  of 
the  economy  of  labor  in  the  laying  of  a 
large  block. 

In  the  following  article,  details  of  this 
"Texture-Tile"  bungalow  will  be  shown 
by  photographs,  and  its  construction  will 
be  illustrated  by  the  working  drawings 
from  which  it  was  built.  "Texture-Tile" 
has  great  possibilities,  of  this  the  ai:thor 
is  convinced,  and  that  he  has  the  courage 
of  these  convictions  is  shown  by  the 
Lyon  house,  for  a  house  set  on  a  hill 
cannot  be  hid. 

(To  be  continued.) 


SWISS  CHALET   DESIGN 

ARTICLE  I\'. 

By   WM   S.   B.   DANA.   B.   S. 


THE  anatomy  of  the  chalet  husk 
having  been  carefully  studied  in 
the  previous  articles,  it  would  seem  that 
an  investigation  of  its  facial  character- 
istics might  well  claim  our  attention  at 
this  point. 

The  chalet  face — or  fai;ade — is  the 
universal  facade.  Its  sine  qua  non  is  a 
square— a  square  sheet  of  wood  or  other 
material,  in  upright  position,  as  in 
Fig.  23.     The  two  encircling  frames  at 


J 

top  and  bottom  are  indicated,  each  an- 
nouncing the  front  edge  of  a  floor ;  the 
axis  of  symmetry  is  also  given.  But  an- 
other element  of  equal  imporlance  in  its 
effect  on  the  design  of  the  chalet  fai;ade 
is  the  outside  "ridged  floor"  (roof) 
whose  front  edge,  instead  of  being  a 
continuous  member,  as  in  the  girt  frame, 
is  raised  at  its  middle  point  to  form  the 
two  sloping  sides  of  a  shallow  isosceles 
triangle,  as  in  Fig.  24.  The  protective 
effect  of  these  outer  sloping  surfaces  on 
the  exposed  wall  faces,  alike  from  storm 
and  sunlight,  when  they  are  made  to  ex- 
tend outward  in  wide  brims,  has  already 
been  set  forth;  its  effect  on  the  design  is 
that  of  a  broad,  generous  hat  brim,  shad- 
ing an  attractive  face. 

The  essential  features  in  the  design  of 
the  fatjade,  then,  are  as  indicated  in 
Fig.  24.  The  surface  between  sill  and 
roof  may  be  increased  by  the  addition  of 


one  or  more  stories,  or  carried  below 
the  sill  in  masonry  to  the  ground. 

The  texture  of  the  wall  surface  is  that 
given  by  tiers  of  horizontal  beams  of  a 
deep  glowing  tan  color,  with  their  upper 
edge  beveled  to  shed  off  the  weather. 

A  point  of  the  greatest  importance  in 
the  design  of  the  fagade  is.  naturally,  that 
of  the  openings  and  their  disposition.  As 
the  question  of  chalet  wall  penetrations  is 
subject  to  the  universal  law  which  gov- 
erns in  all  facades,  a  graphical  represen- 
tation in  the  form  of  a  diagram  is  given 
in  Fig.  25,  in  which  the  evolution  from  a 
blank  wall  to  one  with  many  perforations 
is  shown.  The  large  square  is  divided 
into  four  smaller  squares,  and  these 
again  subdivided  into  four  equal  squares. 
In  the  first  group.  1,  2.  3,  4,  the  central 
treatment  is  indicated,  in  which  a  single 
window  or  group  of  windows  is  centered 
nn  the  axis  of  symmetry.    In  the  second 


group,  5.  6.  7,  8,  the  double  treatment  is 
indicated,  in  which  the  space  on  either 
side  of  the  axis  is  occupied  by  an  open- 
ing. The  next  division  is  a  combination 
of  triple,  quadruple  and  quintuple  treat- 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


SWHti  Houae,  Lucerne. 

DETAILS  OP  HOUSE  AT  GOLDBREN. 


SmSS  CHALET  DESIGN 


60 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


ment,  while  the  last  shows  the  applica- 
tion of  the  foregoing  to  superimposed 
stories. 

The  swan  houses  at  Lucerne  are  sub- 
mitted as  an  example  of  the  simplest 
case,  No.  2.  In  the  house  at  Golderen, 
examples  of  3,  4  and  8  are  to  be  seen. 


H 


•S   te^ 


r\^  ^ 


i 


-ftf^THWtfW^f 


Pig.   26. 

Chalet  Giraud,  on  page  59,  contains  win- 
dow groupings  belonging  approximately 
to  5  and  7.  The  fagade  of  the  Chalet  Matti 
at  Interlaken,  which  faces  up  the  valley 

of  the  Jungfrau,  made  famous  in  Heine's 
poem  of  the  Lorelei,  has  in  each  story  a 
different  grouping,  the  bottom  being  the 
quadruple  treatment,  the  first  story  con- 
taining two  groups  of  double  windows 
each,  the  next  story  having  a  triple  treat- 
ment, with  a  double  window  in  the 
middle  and  a  single  on  either  side,  while 
the  roof  story  has  the  usual  double  treat- 
ment of  small  single  windows.  Th'j 
Chalet  at  Grilly  shows  a  still  greater  com- 
plexity of  groupings,  beginning  with  the 
double  treatment  in  the  main  story,  with 
a  quintuple  group  on  the  right ;  the  next 
floor  shows  a  variation  of  7;  above  this 
is  a  triple  treatment  with  a  quadruple 
group  in  the  centre  and  a  single  small 
opening  on  either  side.  Practically  all 
the  windows  show  wooden  shutters  com- 
posed simply  of  two  boards  cleated  at 
top  and  bottom  and  perforated  near  the 
top  by  a  single  lozenge — or  heart-shaped 
opening.      They    are    colored    a    bright 


green,  though  a  light  buff  is  coming 
greatly  into  favor.  In  the  example  at 
Golderen,  vertical  and  horizontal  shut- 
ters with  exterior  runways  are  shown. 
The  window  sash  are  casement,  as  a 
rule,  opening  in.  A  sparkling  effect  is 
given  them  by  dividing  the  upper  por- 
tion into  small  squares  of  glass  by  sash 
bars.  At  Golderen,  again,  the  round 
pane  effect  is  gotten  by  means  of  '*bulls'- 
eyes.*'  The  window  frame,  or  casing, 
is  frequently  very  similar  to  that  of  the 
American  frame  house,  though  with  the 
uprights  passing  beyond  the  cross-pieces. 
Over  and  about  the  "frame-work"  of 
the  fagade — its  vertical  corners,  story 
boundaries,  gable  portion,  and  window 
and  floor  frames — is  spread  a  mesh  of  or- 
nament, composed  of  strips  and  bands 
and  ribbons  of  "wooden  lace'* — broad 
bands,  as  in  the  case  of  the  older  and 
more  classic  examples,  filling  the  entire 
space  between  the  successive  rows  of 
windows;  similar  bands,  but  with  the 
middle  portion  plain  and  with  the  decora- 
tion applied  only  to  the  top  and  bottom 
(corresponding  to  the  window  sill  and 
floor)  edges,  as  in  Fig.  26;  or  only  the 


PIgr.    27.      Tablette   de    fenfitre. 
Diemtlgen. 

upper  edge  may  be  decorated,  as  in  the 
example  at  Diemtigen,  Fig.  27.  Other 
broad  bands  (horizontal)  of  ornament 
are  the  balcony  balustrades,  and,  in  a 
slighter  degree  and  much  less  frequently, 
a  narrow  strip  of  roof.  Fig.  28  shows  a 
frieze  at  Iseltwald  bounded  top  and  bot- 
tom by  mouldings,  and  with  ornament 


SiVISS  CHALET  DESIGN 


62 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


nnd  mdff  i0ai  na 


Fis.   28. 

in  the  upper  half.  Below  this  is  another 
characteristic  horizontal  feature,  a  text, 
in  German.  Other  horizontal  strips,  or 
courses,  of  ornament  are  to  be  seen  in  the 
accompanying  illustrations,  especially  the 
rows  of  moulded  beam-ends;  the  many 
groups  of  narrow,  horizontal  "ribbons*' 
of  shade  and  shadow  caused  by  the 
grooves  or  bevels  of  the  wall-beam  edges 
are  an  appreciable  element  in  the  decora- 
tion. Window  boxes  and  shelves,  win- 
dow and  door  sills  and  hoods,  and  also, 
often,  long  groups  of  windows,  are  im- 
portant horizontal  features.  Rows  of 
brilliantly  colored  flowering  plants  and 
gaily  striped  awnings  add  a  life  and  joy- 
ousness  to  many  chalets,  especially  among 
the  more  modern.  The  vertical  strips  of 
ornament  are  necessarily  less  in  number 
and  of  no  great  width.  They  consist  of 
rows  of  superimposed  beam-ends,  with 
their  joints  beveled  and  their  edges 
scooped;   also   of  window   muntins   and 

shutters. 

The    ornamentation    and    decoration, 


then,  of  the  chalet  fagade,  next  to  the 
color  and  texture  of  the  wood  (or 
masonry)  itself,  is  found  to  be  depen- 
dent upon  horizontal  and  vertical  sur- 
faces projecting  or  receding,  organized, 
in  some  cases,  into  a  broad  belt  of  light 
and  shade  harmony ;  in  others,  as  delicate 
ribbons  of  lace-work.  That  is,  its  ground- 
work is  the  moulding,  to  which  is  applied 
the  arrangement  of  "knobs"  of  equal 
size,  placed  in  rows,  with  equal-sized 
"voids"  between;  the  "knobs"  may  be 
anything  in  shape  from  the  heart, 
lozenge,  or  star-shape,  to  the  dentil  and 
modillion,  in  a  multitude  of  varying 
forms;  the  void,  too,  may  be  complete, 
or  it  may  serve  as  a  more  or  less  defined 
link  between  adjacent  "knobs,"  or  projec- 
tions. In  the  two  examples  of  flat  orna- 
ment in  Fig.  28,  examples  of  this  alterna- 
tion of  projection  and  void  may  be  seen 
in  the  undulating  curve  of  the  scroll  and 
the  alternating  rosettes  and  coves  in  the 
upper  example.  The  same  condition  is 
to  be  seen  in  Fig.  2y  in  the  wavy  curve 
at  the  bottom;  just  above  this  curve  is 
a  row  in  which  the  knobs  are  moulded 
dentils  of  equal  size,  separated  by  equal 
rectangular  voids.  In  the  course  above 
this  the  voids  are  semicircular.  The  or- 
nament over  the  windows  in  Fig.  26 
closely  resembles  this  latter;  the  strip  at 
the  top  resembles  that  in  Fig.  28.  In 
the  examples  of  chalets,  which  are 
given,  as  in  the  Chalet  Matti  and 
in  Figure  27,  the  ornament  can 
plainly  be  referred  to  these  two  classes. 
In  the  succeeding  number  it  is  planned 
to  make  a  careful  study  of  chalet  inte- 
riors and  planning. 

(To  be  continued.) 


FIRE  PROTECTION  OF  THE  DWELLING  HOUSE 


WHEN  building  a  new  house,  the 
idea  is  becoming  more  and  more 
popular  to  build  one  that  is,  to  some 
extent  at  least,  resistive  to  fire.  Where 
but  a  few  years  ago  a  fireproof  dwell- 
ing was  considered  a  hobby  and  also 
to  some  extent  scoffed  at  by  the  major- 
ity of  home  builders,  it  is  becoming  a 
more  popular  idea  at  present,  with  the 
increasing  outcry  against  the  great 
national  fire  loss.  The  suburban  pop- 
ulations and  the  dwellers  in  our 
smaller  communities  are  the  national 
home  builders.  The  great  majority  of 
suburban  houses  are  of  frame  construc- 
tion, and  it  is  the  aim  of  this  article 
to  point  out  how,  by  simple  means  and 
at  relatively  small  expense,  the  frame 
building  as  it  now  stands  may  be  made 
less  susceptible  to  total  destruction  by 
fire. 

We  will  first  consider  the  frame 
house  from  the  standpoint  of  external 
hazard.  The  average  frame  house,  even 
when  built  on  a  liberal  sized  lot,  stands 
a  slim  chance  in  a  general  conflagration. 
This  has  been  proved  in  more  than  one 
great  fire.  W^itness  the  Chelsea  fire, 
and  that  one  of  more  recent  date  in 
Bangor,  Me.,  where  the  flames  swept 
great  districts,  spreading  from  roof  to 
roof,  the  fire  brand  to  the  shingle  just 
as  the  spark  to  tinder. 

How  can  our  present  dwellings  be 
protected?  When  the  shingled  roof 
needs  repair,  it  would  be  better  to  re- 
move it.  It  may  be  replaced  with  slate, 
with  asbestos  tile,  with  metal  shingles, 
or  with  tin.  The  additional  expense 
varies  in  amount  with  the  material 
chosen,  but  the  safety  derived  from  a 
non-combustible  roof  should  many  times 
repay  the  householder  for  his  addition- 


al outlay.  The  campaign  against  the 
shingled  roof  has  already  produced 
some  results.  At  least  one  community 
in  revising  its  building  laws  has  for- 
bidden the  use  of  shii^les  on  new  build- 
ings and  has  provided  in  the  case  of 
repair  and  alteration  work,  that  if  more 
than  50  per  cent,  of  a  shingled  roof  is 
disturbed,  all  shall  be  removed  and  re- 
placed with  a  non-combustible  roof. 

We  may  make  a  further  recommenda- 
tion for  protection  against  external 
hazard.  If  alterations  or  repairs  to  the 
exterior  of  a  house  are  contemplated, 
the  most  pleasing  effects  may  be  ob- 
tained by  over-coating  frame  houses 
with  stucco.  This  can  be  done  right 
over  the  present  structure  with  wire 
lath  fastened  on  furring  strips  to  sup- 
port the  stucco  coating.  Stucco  is  sus- 
ceptible to  a  variety  of  treatments,  in 
both  color  and  texture,  and  its  original 
cost  would  be  equaled  in  time  by  the 
expense  of  repeated  painting  of  the 
woodwork.  This  stucco  shell,  together 
with  a  non-combustible  roof,  offers  a 
splendid  safeguard  for  the  dwelling 
against  external  fire  hazard. 

We  will  now  turn  to  the  protection 
of  the  dwelling  against  fire  within. 
Property  owners  are  seldom  remiss  in 
protecting  themselves  against  fire  to  the 
extent  of  an  insurance  policy.  Inci- 
dentally, such  remuneration  never  fully 
covers  the  loss.  The  time  spent  in  re- 
building alone  represents  a  considerable 
amount  in  money,  and  the  building  in- 
variably costs  more  to  replace  than  did 
the  original  structure.  Once  insured, 
little  thought  is  ever  given  by  the  aver- 
age man  to  protection  against  fire  until 
the  premium  comes  due  again.  Every 
house    owner    could    afford    to    spend 


64 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


a  little  spare  time  in  the  consideration 
of  ways  and  means  to  protect  his  dwell- 
ing from  destruction  in  the  case  of  an 
internal  fire.  If  means  are  at  hand  with- 
in the  dwelling  to  attack  the  fire  at  its 
inception,  this  is  usually  the  end  of  the 
blaze.  If  it  is  not  controlled  until  the 
local  fire  department  arrives,  the  loss  is 
generally  considerable,  if  not  complete. 
As  an  example  of  what  may  be  done 
to  protect  the  home  against  fire,  we  will 
describe  the  equipment  of  the  residence 
of  Mr.  Frederick  D.  Parsons  in  Spring- 
field, Mass. 

(1)  Grinnell  automatic  sprinklers  in  cel- 
lar, protecting  all  parts  of  the  basement. 

(2)  Automatic  fire  alarm  in  basement  and 
kitchen,  with  Watkins  thermostats  connected 
to  alarm  gong  on  second  floor. 

(3)  Standpipe  with  120  pounds  pressure 
(Little  River  water)  extending  to  top  of  house 
through  rear  hallway,  with  50  feet  of  linen  fire 
hose  attached  to  standpipe  in  first,  second  and 
third  stones. 

(4)  One  Knight  &  Thomas  3-gallon  chemi- 
cal extinguisher  in  second  story. 

(5)  Three  filled  water  pails,  marked  "For 
Fire  Only,"  on  a  shelf  in  the  cellarway. 

(6)  Fire  axe  and  lantern  hung  in  a  conven- 
ient place. 

(7)  Brick  and  mortar  fire-stops  at  each  floor 
in  all  main  partitions. 

(8)  Full-size  wire  fire  screens  over  all  fire- 
places that  are  used. 

(9)  All  matches  kept  in  a  covered  metal  box 
marked  "Matches." 

(10)  Only  metal  barrels  used  for  ashes. 

(11)  One  large  metal  barrel  with  cover, 
marked  "For  Waste  Paper  Only." 

(12)  Cellar  kept  clean  all  the  time. 

Note  I. — Given  above  equipment,  or  a  major 
part  of  it  (put  in  at  a  moderate  expense),  in 
every  dwelling  and  mercantile  building,  and 
the  fire  waste  of  the  country  would  be  lessened 
immediately  at  least  50  per  cent.  Note  II. — 
Notwithstanding  that  the  foregoing  protection 
is  superior  to  that  of  most  dwellings,  there  are 
still  plenty  of  chances  for  loss,  and  fire  in- 
surance very  near  to  the  full  value  is  carried 
on  both  the  building  and  its  contents. 

This  is  an  ideal  equipment  which  will 
seldom  be  duplicated  in  a  private  house ; 
but  it  serves  as  an  example  of  what  may 
be  done  if  the  spirit  is  willing.  Most 
house  owners  will  probably  have  re- 
course to  a  larger  use  of  chemical  ex- 
tinguishers. One  portable  extinguish- 
er on  every  floor  in  a  handy  place  is  an 
excellent  precaution.     In   the  cellar  or 


ihe  stable,  a  fire  bucket  tank  is  an  ex- 
cellent provision  and  is  much  more  apt 
to  be  ready  for  service  than  the  open, 
standing  fire  pails  which  may  be  dry 
at  the  critical  moment. 

Structural  improvements  may  also  be 
made  in  the  dwelling,  often  affording 
advantages  other  than  those  of  fire 
protection.  Deadening  and  insulation 
between  the  floors  and  within  the  wallsi 
may  be  accomplished  by  such  substances 
as  mineral  wool  and  insulating  quilt. 
Such  a  filling  is  a  good  fire-stop  in  it- 
self, and  also  adds  to  the  warmth  and 
tightness  of  the  dwelling.  One  cause 
of  the  spread  of  fire  is  the  open  con- 
struction where  the  studding  joins  the 
sill  course  about  the  foundations  of  the 
house.  A  look  about  the  cellar  ceiling, 
as  this  is  often  left  of  open  construc- 
tion, will  show  an  opening  between  the 
first  floor  beams  directly  up  within  the 
outside  walls  between  the  sheathing  and 
the  plastering  within.  This  forms  a 
natural  flue  that  in  case  of  fire  in  the 
cellar  is  a  quick  and  certain  means  of 
spreading  the  blaze  throughout  the 
house.  A  brick  and  mortar  fire-stop, 
built  in  at  this  point,  is  most  advisable 
and  may  be  cheaply  done  without  tear- 
ing away  partitions,  or  causing  addi- 
tional expense  more  than  for  the  mate- 
rial .  and  labor  alone.  If  the  attic  is 
open,  further  remedies  may  be  applied 
with  little  trouble  there.  A  look  about 
the  sides  will  show  the  top  of  the  open- 
ing which  has  been  referred  to  in  the 
cellar.  This  may  be  stuffed  with  min- 
eral wool,  rammed  as  far  down  as  pos- 
sible, and  if  the  owner  is  inclined,  an 
application  of  brick  and  mortar  is  a  fur- 
ther safeguard  here. 

Ordinary  precaution  against  the  ac- 
cumulation of  litter  and  waste  is  per- 
haps the  best  safeguard  of  all.  Cleanli- 
ness, they  say,  is  next  to  Godliness;  but 
for  fire  prevention  it  is  the  best  in- 
surance policy. 


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NUMBER  B23-SB9   PARK   AVENUE,   NEW  YORK, 

Pickering  &  Walker,  Architects. 
HeatinE    and    VetitilatlnE:    Boyd    Equipment  Co. 
A.  B.  see   Electric  Elevators. 
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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


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THE    CASINO    APARTMENTS,    MONTAGUE    AND    HICKS    STBEETS,    BROOKLTN,    N.    T. 
Keyatona  Flat  Plniah.  Wm.    A.    BorlriK.    Arcbltect. 

Floor*:  Indiana  Flooring-  Co. 


THE  APARTMENT  HOUSE 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


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DecoratlonH  and  Furnlahings:  H,  F   Huber  &  Co. 
Interior  Marble:   Cork   &   Zlcha  Uarble  Co. 


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LlffhtlnK  Fixtures:  Black  &  Boyd  tSIg.  Co. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


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Interior  Marble:  Cork  &  ?i'  na.  Marble  Co.  Rouse  &  Goldetone. 

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III 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


SHEDS  OVER   SIDEWALK    DURING    CON- 
STRUCTION  WORK 


WHEN  building  operations  are  be- 
ing carried  on  in  busy  city  streets, 
the  protection  of  pedestrians  is  a  neces- 
sity. Sidewalk  sheds  are  usually  built 
by  the  contractors  for  this  purpose,  and 
on  account  of  the  frequently  flimsy  con- 
structions which  were  erected,  specifica- 
tions have  been  drawn  up  by  the  Bureau 
of  Buildings  for  the  Borough  of  Man- 
hattan, New  York,  which  thoroughly 
cover  all  conditions.  Properly  built 
sheds  not  alone  furnish  adequate  pro- 
tection to  foot  traffic  and  leave  the  side- 
walk unobstructed,  but  also  keep  the 
street  much  more  free  from  litter  and 
piles  of  material.  They  are  also  a  great 
assistance  to  the  builder  in  carrying  on 
construction  work ;  material  can  be  load- 
ed from  carts  directly  to  the  shed  plat- 
form; it  furnishes  temporary  storage 
space,  working  space  and  room  for  con- 
tractors' office  shanties.  We  give  here- 
with the  text  of  the  special  order  and 
the  illustrations  accompanying  it. 

"Inspectors  shall  be  governed  by  the 


■ 


following  requirements  in  the  construc- 
tion of  sheds  called  for  by  Section  80 
of  the  Building  Code,  for  the  protection 
of  pedestrians: 

1.  The  shed  shall  extend  from  build- 
ing line  to  curb. 

2.  The  shed  shall  be  erected  as  soon 
as  practicable  after  the  building  opera- 
tion is  started,  and  must  be  completed 
before  any  part  of  the  construction  is 
carried  more  than  thirty-five  feet  above 
the  curb. 

3.  The  material  shall  be  good,  sound 
timber,  and  all  work  shall  be  done  in 
a  substantial  manner  and  shall  be  se- 
curely bolted  or  spiked. 

4.  The  girders  and  sills  shall  be  fas- 
tened to  the  posts  by  means  of  battens 
not  less  than  2"  thick  and  with  not  less 
than  two  20**  spikes  in  each  member 
connected. 

5.  The  structure  shall  be  braced  by 
means  of  knee  braces,  both  longitudin- 
ally and  across  at  every  post ;  the  braces 
shall   be    placed   at   an    angle    of   about 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


45°  and  shall  connect  to  the  posts, 
beams  and  girders;  the  connection  to 
the  posts  shall  be  at  a  distance  of  not 
less  than  three  feet  below  the  top. 

The  bracing  shall  not  be  less  than 
6"  X  2",  and  there  shall  not  be  less  than 
two  20"  spikes  in  each  member  con- 
nected. 

6.  The  flooring  shall  be  spiked  to  the 
cross  beams  by  sufficient  20"  spikes  to 
hold  the  flooring  securely  in  place. 

7.  For  buildings  exceeding  loo  feet 
in  height  and  where  the  sidewalks  are 
ID  feet  or  less  in  width,  beams  shall  be 
not  less  than   10"  x  3"  and  spaced  not 


BATH  ROOM,  APARTMRNT  HOUSE.  S.  B.  COR. 
10!D  STREET  AND  RIVERSIDE  DRIVE. 
NEW  YORK.  EQUIPPED  THROUGHOUT 
WITH  RONALDS  &  JOHNSON  CO.'S  FIX- 
TURBS. 


exceeding  2'-0"  center  to  center;  girders 
not  less  than  8"  x  8",  posts  not  less  than 
8"  X  8"  and  spaced  not  exceeding  8'-0" 
center  to  center;  sills  not  less  than  8"  x 
6",  and  flooring  not  le^s  than  2"  in  thick- 
ness. 

8.  For  buildings  exceeding  100  feet 
in  height,  and  where  sidewalks  are  over 
10  feet  in  width,  beams  shall  not  be  less 
than  10"  X  4",  and  spaced  not  exceeding 
2'-0"  center  to  center;  girders  not  less 
than  8"  x  8" ;  posts  not  less  than  8"  x  8", 
and  spaced  not  exceeding  8'-0"  center  to 
center ;  sills  not  less  than  8"  x  6",  and 
flooring  not  less  than  2"  in  thickness. 

9.  For  buildings  exceedii^  65  feet 
and  less  than  loo  feet  in  height,  and 
where  sidewalks  are  lO  feet  or  less  in 
width,  beams  shall  not  be  less  than 
S"  X  3",  and  spaced  not  exceeding  2'-0" 
center  to  center;  girders  not  less  than  8" 
x  8";  posts  not  less  than  8"  x  8",  and 
spaced  not  exceeding  8'-0"  center  to 
center;  sills  not  less  than  8"  x  6",  and 
flooring  not  less  than  2"  in  thickness. 

10.  For  buildings  exceeding  65  feet 
and  less  than  100  feet  in  height,  and 
where  the  sidewalks  are  over  10  feet  in 
width,  beams  shall  be  not  less  than 
10"  X  3",  and  spaced  not  exceeding  2'-0" 
center  to  center ;  girders  not  less  than 
8"  X  8";  posts  not  less  than  8"  x  8",  and 
spaced  not  exceeding  8'-0"  center  to 
center;  sills  not  less  than  8"  x  6",  and 
flooring  not  less  than  2"  in  thickness. 

11.  These  requirements  are  for  ordi- 
nary conditions.  If  extraordinary  loads 
are  to  be  placed  on  the  shed,  heavier 
timbers  shall  be  used.  Deviations  from 
the  requirements  may  be  permitted  pro- 
vided the  same  strer^h  of  construction 
is  secured;  but  all  such  cases  must  be 
reported  to  the  Chief  Inspector  or 
Superintendent  for  approval." 

RiHTOLPH  P.  Miller. 
Superintendent  of  Buildings. 
February  5,   1910. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING.  17 

Time  is  Money — Dilatory  Methods  Today  are  Intolerable. 

Cutting   Down  the   Time  and    Cost   of  Freight  Handling 

is  the  Thing  that  Counts 

In  planning  new  building  and  modernizine:  old,  quick  and  economical  method  for  freight  and 
merchandise  handling  is  of  most  vital  importance.  Today  everything  must  be  kept  moving. 
Nowhere  does  this  apply  with  greater  emphasis  than  to  the  handling  of  merchandise  and  freight 
in  Factory,  Warehouse,  Shop,  Salesroom,  Docks,  Shipping  Platform,  Railway  Terminal,  etc. 
Every  back-track,  every  stop,  every  transfer  of  load,  every  delay  invites  congestion — is  a  waste 
of  time  and  money  and  should  never  obtain  in  the  systematic  conduct  of  any  business. 
Buildings  should  be  planned  t:>  meet  this  requirement. 

Manufacturing  and  Bu8ine»»  Buildings  Equipped  with  the 

Otis  Inclined  Elevator 

Save  60%  to  80%  of  the  Time  and  Coat  of  Merchandise  Handling 


Capacity  is  enormously  increased  and  freight 
handled  far  quicker  and  at  a  far  less  cost  than 
it  can  be  moved  by  any  other  method, — because 
ONE  Otis  Inclined  Elevator  will  Move 
More  Freight  in  a  Given  Time  than 
Six  or  Eight  Vertical  Elevators  of  the 
Usual  Type,  or  Move  More  Freight  in 
the  Same  Time  than  Fifty  to  One 
Hundred  Men  and  Trucks  Alone  Can 
Handle. 


Olis  Inclined  Elevator 

e  direction,  up  or  down,  no 
n  stops  to  load  or  unload.  No  power  is  wasted 
it  slatting;  no  operator  is  required;  tKere  are  no 
back-trackii  no  stops  for  discharging  and  rehandling  of 
freight— the  movement  is  continuous  from  the  initiation  of 
the  load  until  its  final  delivery  at  its  destination. 

Nor  does  it  matter  what  the  loads  may  weigh  or  how 
fast  they  come,  the  Otis  Inclined  Elevator  will  handle  them. 
It  cannot  be  overloaded,  Its  capacity  is  limitless.  Ordinary 
insullations  will  handle  from  600  to  1960  loads  per  hour— 
by  loads  is  meant  loaded  trucks  or  "wheelers,"  with  or 
without  man, — and  it  will  keep  up  this  capacity  year  after 


Without  obligation  onr  EnginoMfag  Dapartmciit  will  iupplj  full  infor- 
BHttioB,  •how  the  w*r  to  t>«*t  maat  spacific  raqairamonta  and  lubnut 
aatimate    of  initallation  coat.     Corraapoailcnee  iuTitad.     Write  to  u*. 

Otis    Elevator    Company,    17  Battery  Place,  New  York 

OfRcai  in  aU  •rfadpal  eitiH  In  tka  nrld 

When   writing'   AdvertlBcra,    please   mention    Architecture   and    Building. 


18 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING, 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


REINFORCED  CONCRETE.  Mechanics 
and  Elementary  Design.  By  John  P. 
Brooks,  New  York.  The  McGraw-Hill 
Book  Company.  Price,  $2  net. 
The  author  states  in  his  preface  that  this 
book  is  intended  to  supplement  the  usual 
college  work  in  mechanics  and  masonry  de- 
sign; therefore,  there  is  no  duplication  of 
these  subjects.  Sources  of  information  are 
referred  to  and  extensive  quotations  in  the 
text  are  thus  avoided.  As  examples,  sev- 
eral designs  of  reinforced  concrete  struc- 
tures are  worked  out  in  detail,  with  par- 
ticular reference  to  the  proper  sequence  of 
computation.  The  principles  of  economy  in 
design  and  diagrams  which  lead  to  the 
proper  selection  of  steel  and  concrete  dimen- 
sions are  given.  The  book  Is  intended  as  a 
course  of  directions  to  enable  the  reader  to 
effect  methods  of  analysis  for  design  of  re- 
inforced concrete  structures.  The  chapters 
of  the  book  deal  with  the  component  parts 
of  concrete,  tests,  analysis  of  stresses,  in- 
cluding beam  theories,  columns  and  beam 
supports.  The  last  chapter  deals  with  ele- 
mentary design.  Diagrams,  curves  and 
tables  are  used  frequently  for  illustrative 
purposes. 


STRUCTURAL  ENGINEERING.  By  Jos- 
eph Husband  and  William  Harby.  Lon- 
don: Longmans.  Green  &  Co.  Price, 
$2.60  net. 

••Between  the  theoretical  computation  of 
the  loads  and  stresses  in  a  structure  and  the 
evolution  of  a  satisfactory  practical  design 
which  shall  have  due  regard  to  the  exigen- 
cies of  practical  construction,  there  exists 
a  gap  which  may  only  be  bridged  by  con- 
siderable practical  experience  and  knowledge 
of  shop  methods." 

The  authors  of  this  book  treat  the  sub- 
ject of  structural  engineering  from  both 
these  views  and  include  a  short  summary 
of  the  properties  of  structural  materials  and 
weights  of  details,  making  a  brief  com- 
pendium of  the  properties  of  materials.  The 
elastic  beam  theory  has  been  stated  in  the 
fullest  and  simplest  manner,  and  a  brief 
section  is  devoted  to  tall  building  construc- 
tion. 

The  chapters  of  the  book  Include  materi- 
als, loads  and  working  stresses,  bending  mo- 
ment and  shearing  force,  beams,  columns 
and  struts,  plate  girders,  lattice  girders,  de- 


flection,  roofs,  miscellaneous  applications 
and  tall  buildings,  masonry  and  masonry 
structures. 

This  book  Is  one  that  should  be  of  value 
to  American  readers,  as  Its  treatment  of 
the  subject  is  a  very  clear  and  concise  one. 
It  has  been  the  endeavor  of  the  authors  to 
steer  a  middJe  course  between  theoretical 
design  and  practical  construction  which  Is 
the  field  that  the  knowledge  of  a  practical 
draftsman  should  embrace. 


CONCRETE      MONUMENTS,     MAUSO- 
LEUMS   AND    BURIAL    VAULTS.      By 
A.  A.  Houghton.     New  York:    The  Nor- 
man  W.    Henley    Publishing   Co.     Price, 
50  cents. 
This   book    Is   a   practical    treatise   on    the 
molding  of  concrete   for    the    purposes    in- 
dicated by  the  title.     Plans  and  designs  for 
mausoleums    and    burial    vaults    are    given 
with  complete  details  of  construction.     The 
subjects  of  lettering  and  ornament  have  also 
been   treated,    simple   methods   of  producing 
letters  being  given. 


MILL  AND  FACTORY  WIRING.  By  R. 
George  Devey,  A.M.I.E.E.  New  York: 
The  D.  Van  Nostrand  Company.  Price, 
$1.00. 
Electric  wiring  for  mills  and  factories  is 
discussed  in  this  little  book  in  a  technical 
manner,  so  as  to  be  useful  for  wiremen, 
wiring  contractors  and  electricians  who  ex- 
pect to  install  such  work.  The  book  is  a 
working  manual  of  pocket  size  for  easy 
reference,  and  is  intended  as  an  assl^ant 
to  the  man  on  the  job.  The  chapters  cover 
methods  of  wiring,  wire  and  connections  for 
electric  power  and  lighting,  wire  calcula- 
tions and  tables,  and  layout  of  wiring  net- 
work in  factories.  The  particular  advantage 
of  the  book  is  the  concise  form  in  which 
the  information  is  placed,  which  renders  It 
quickly  available  without  a  long  search 
through  its  pages. 


PRACTICAL  CEMENT  WORK.     By  W.  B. 
Henry.      The    Concrete    Age    Publishing 
Company,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  Publisher.  Price, 
50  cents. 
This    pamphlet    Is    an    elementary    treatise 
on    cement    construction.      Its    first    part    is 
general,  and  the  second  part  deals  with  con- 
struction   work    and    the    use   of   cement    in 
building    dwelling   houses.      The    use    of    ce- 
ment blocks  and  cement  stucco  is  treated. 


A  new  sketching  paper  designed  for  use 
in  producing  isometric  drawings  Hvithout 
extra  figuring,  has  been  prepared.  This  Is 
put  up  in  pads  of  40  sheets,  6x9  inches,  at 
25  cents,  and  nO  sheets  9x12  inches  at  50 
cents.  These  are  furnished  by  the  Norman 
W.   Henley  Publishing  Company. 


When    writing  advertisers,   please  mention   Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


When   wrlilng   Adverttsers,   please   mention   Ai'chit 


ARCHITECTURE  ASD   BUILDING. 


Art  and  Architecture 


On  March  13  at  Ihe  National  Arts  Club.  15 
(iramercy  Park,  there  will  open  an  exhibition  of 
pictures  of  national  parks,  loaned  by  the  United 
States  Department  of  the  Interior.  The  exhibi- 
tion will  be  under  the  auspices  of  the  American 
Scenic  and  Historic  Preservation  Society. 

Johns  Hopkins  University  is  about  to  begin  the 
construction  of  an  extensive  group  of  buildings 
intended  to  house  all  its  activities  except  those 
of  the  hospital  and  medical  school.  These  build- 
ings will  be  erected  upon  a  rolling  and  admirable 
site  of  150  acres  fronting  on  Charles  Street,  Bal- 
timore. The  grounds  include  the  fine  Colonial 
mansion,  "Homewood."  which  will  remain  in  the 
midst  of  the  university  buildings  and  will  be  the 
key-note  of  their  style.  The  group  will  contain 
laboratory  buildings  for  chemistry,  physics,  biol- 
ogy, geology  and  enginering,  which  will  center 
alKiut  the  main  feature,  (he  great  academic  and 
library  building.  In  addition,  there  will  he  dormi- 
ti)ries.  refectories,  a  students'  hall  and  gymna- 
sium. The  total  cost  will  run  mto  the  millions  of 
dollars.  The  trustees  who  have  been  studying  this 
problem  for  si)me  time,  have  just  made  an  an- 
nouncement of  the  advisory  board  of  architects, 
consisting  of  Mr.  Grosvenor  Atterbury  of  New 
York,  Mr.  Frank  Miles  Way  of  Philadelphia,  and 
Mr.  Frederick  l^w  Olmsted  of  Boston.  This 
board  has  been  making  a  re-study  of  the  problem 
for  some  time,  and  it  is  expected  that  their 
report  will  be  in  shortly  with  the  result  that 
actual  construction  work  on  the  buildings  will  be 
started  this  coming  Summer. 

\i  the  regidar  January  meeting  of  the  San 
Francisco  Chapter  A.  1.  A.,  Mr.  Faville  presented 
a  report  on  ",\richtectural  League  and  Educa- 
tion." The  report  referred  to  the  first  traveling 
scholarship  competition.  There  were  27  com- 
petitors entered  for  this  competition.  The  prize 
consisted  of  $1,000,  which  is  to  be  used  for  the 
pursuit  of  architectural  studies  in  accordance 
with  an  itinerary  approved  by  the  education  corn- 


Attention  was  called  to  the  fact  that  the  next 
convention  of  the  Architectural  League  of  the 
Pacific  Coast  will  be  held  in  Los  Angeles  on  Feli- 
ruary  23  and  24,  and  that  the  drawings  submitted 
in  the  competition  will  be  on  exhibition  there. 

A  most  important  matter  came  before  the  Chap- 
ter in  the  report  of  the  Civic  Improvement  Com- 
mittee. The  majority  report  on  a  civic  centre 
chose  the  old  site  of  the  City  Hall  and  adjacenl 
property  as  the  best  location  for  the  centre.  In  a 
supplementary  statement  to  this  report,  Mr.  John 
Galen  Howard,  the  Chairman,  said :  "We  con- 
ceive of  the  civic  centre  of  San  Francisco  as  a 
great  metropolitan  grouping,  upon  largest  lines, 
of  not  only  the  City  Hall  and  the  buildings  imme- 
diately subsidiary  to  it,  and  now  contemplated,  but 
also  of  museums,  theatres,  opera  houses,  libraries, 
clubs  and  other  semi-public  buildings,  churches, 
galleries,  hotels,  high  class  office  and  govemmeni 
buildings,  etc.  etc..  united  and  embellished  by 
(larks,  squares,  avenue  and  boulevards  in  a  har- 
and  magnificent  whole." 


KEYSfgl 


The  December.  1911.  issue  of  Technologj'  Ar- 
chitectural Record  is  a  commentary  on  the  ser- 
vices of  Professor  Francis  Ward  Chandler,  who 
has  been  head  of  the  architectural  department  of 
the  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology  for  23 
years.  Following  Professor  Chandler's  resigna- 
tion in  November,  he  was  appointed  Professor  of 
.Arctiileclure  Emeritus.  The  issue  is  an  apprecia- 
tion of  Professor  Chandler  as  an  architect,  a 
leaclier  and  a  man.    It  contains  a  fine  portrait. 


At  Ihe  January  meeting  of  the  Pftiladelphia 
Chapter  A.  I.  A.,  Mr.  C.  A.  Ziegler,  chairman 
of  the  committee  on  the  preservation  of  historical 
monuments,  reported  that  the  arrangements  for 
the  restoration  of  Old  Congress  Hall  had  been 
completed,  and  that  the  first  contracts  for  work 
had  already  ben  signed.  Mr.  Frank  Miles  Day 
gave  his  impressions  of  the  work  accomplished 
during  the  past  year  by  the  Institute  and  the 
evening  was  principally  given  up  to  a  full  dis- 
cussion of  the  events  of  the  45ili  annual  con- 
vention in  Washington, 

In  the  Journal  of  the  Association  of  Engineer- 
ing Societies  for  December,  1911,  there  is  an 
article  by  R.  B.  Keichum  on  the  "Economicai 
Design  of  Reinforced  Concrete  Beams."  In  the 
course  of  the  article,  which  is  highly  technical. 
tables  and  curves  of  the  results  obtained  from 
tests  are  given. 


HARRY  BISSING 

Consulting  Enjfineer 

t  in  Litfhtlne*  Heitiaf. 
inftnd  Stage  Equip- 
r   ThemttM  and  HtdU 
S63  W.  42d  STREET  T*EW  YORK 

Wh^n   witting  advertisers,  please  n 


't  and  A^ivtrtitt 
1   Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


21 


I.  MORITZ.  Prop. 


Telepkoiie  164  Plaza 


Architectural  Metal  Works 

SKYLIGHTS 

CORNICES     AND     RCX)FING 
CORRUGATED  IRON  WORK 


1192-1194  SECX)ND  AVENUE 


NEW  YORK 


A.  I.  A.  COMMITTEE  ON  PUBLIC 
INFORMATION. 

According  to  the  resolution  adopted  at  the  last 
annual  convention  of  the  American  Institute  of 
Architects,  it  is  the  purpose  of  this  organization 
to  form  committees  on  public  information  at  each 
of  its  Chapters  throughout  the  country.  There 
are  32  Chapters  at  present,  and  of  these  a  number 
have  already  provided  such  committees,  notably 
the  Boston,  San  Francisco  and  Philadelphia  chap- 
ters. 

Messrs.  D.  K.  Boyds,  Glenn  Brown  and  Frank 
S.  Baldwin  have  been  appointed  a  committee  of 
public  information  for  the  American. Institute  at 
large. 

Resolution  Adopted  at  4Sth  Annual  Convention. 

Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Directors  be  re- 
quested to  appoint  a  Special  Committee  on  Public 
Information,  the  duties  of  which  shall  include  the 
following : 

To  keep  a  record  of  such  published  matter  as 
may  be  of  interest  to  the  profession  and  to  send 
to  such  publications  likely  to  be  interested,  infor- 
mation concerning  the  work  of  the  Institute  and 
of   the    profession. 

To  request  monthly  reports  on  matters  of  inter- 
est to  the  profession  from  Committees  on  Public 
Information  of  the  several  Chapters  which  chap- 
ter committees  shall  be  sub-committees  for  their 
respective  territories  of  the  Institute  committee. 

To  inform  the  press  of  the  country  in  regard 
to  annual  conventions  of  the  Institute  and  the 
work  which  the  Institute  is  undertaking  and  has 
actually  performed.  To  correct  through  the 
press,  popular  misconceptions  with  regard  to  the 
practice  of  architecture  and  to  rectify  erroneous 
printed  statements  affecting  the  profession. 

To  keep  constantly  before  the  public  the  aims, 
aspirations  and  accomplishments  of  the  profes- 
sion through  its  organized  body,  the  Institute. 


The  United  States  Civil  Service  Commission 
announces  that  an  examination  will  be  held  on 
March  20-22,  1912,  to  fill  a  vacancy  in  the  posi- 
tion of  electrical  and  mechanical  engineer  in  the 
quartermaster's  department  at  large.  New  Lon- 
don, Conn.  Full  particulars  may  be  obtained 
from  the  United  States  Civil  Service  Commis- 
sion, Washington,  D.  C. 


At  the  National  Arts  Club  last  month,  among 
the  interesting  exhibits  of  paintings  which  were 
held,  was  a  collection  of  the  work  of  Otto  Walter 
Beck.  Mr.  Beck  is  now  teaching  illustration  and 
normal  work  in  Pratt  Institute,  Brooklyn. 

(Continued  on  page  30.) 


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(with  or  without  electric  illnminatian). 
Smaller  models  for  table  decoration. 
These  noTclties  are  placed  on  the  market 
this  season  for  the  first  time.  These 
chlmea  can  be  concealed  by  flowers  or 
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produce  the  sweetest  tones,  coming  ap- 
parently  from  a  distance.  We  alsohavB 
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.■IliClHTPXTI'Ifl-    ..|.\7)    IIUJLDfXG. 


Fi  reproofing  and 
Fire-Protection 

MR.  G.  W.  STEWART 


"THE    AMERICAN    FIRE    WASTE    AVER- 
AGES $250,000,000  PER  YEAR.    THIS  IS 
$30,000  PER  HOUR  OR  $500  PER 
MINUTE." 


This  ([uolalion  is  the  leading  sentence  of  llie 
history  of  the  National  Eire- Protection  Associa- 
tion which  is  told  in  a  short  pamphlet.  It  he- 
hooves  every  architect  to  make  himself  familiar 
with  the  purposes  and  progressive  spirit  of  this 
association.  We  do  not  plead  this  from  general 
economic  reasons,  but  from  the  special  economic 
reason  that  every  architect  must  make  his  own 
living,  and  success  in  his  profession  nowadays  is 
synonymous  with  keeping  abreast  of  the  times, 
and  a  thorough  knowledge  of  fire-protection  and 
preventive  methods  is  a  profes,5ional  necessity. 
The  National  Fire- Protection  Association.  87 
Milk  Street,  Boston.  Mass..  sli.mid  receive  the  sup- 
port of  every  architect. 


THE  EDUCATIONAL  I'lRE. 

Editorially,  wc  are  not  interested  in  the  aver- 
age fire.  It  is  usually  the  same  old  story  of  a 
non-fireproof  building,  improperly  built,  poorly 
equipped  and  most  everything  else  wrong  about 
it.  That  such  a  building  bums  down  is  no  won- 
der, and  it  is  a  waste  of  time  to  talk  about  it 
specifically.  When  a  fire  occurs  in  a  well- 
equipped  building  or  a  protected  structure,  it  is 
another  mailer,  for  it  is  from  these  that  we  may 
expect  to  leam  a  lesson  or  increase  our  knowl- 
dge  as  to  how  our  equipment  may  be  bettered. 

Recently  a  fire  occurred  in  a  carpet  factory  in 
one  of  the  Bush  Terminal  Company's  structures. 
Building  No.  19,  foot  of  39th  Street.  South  Brook- 
lyn. It  was  a  quick,  hot  fire,  and  did,  according 
to  the  newspaper  reports  of  February  17,  nearly 
$25,000  worth  of  damage.  Yet  in  the  upper  stories 
of  this  building  there  were  other  factories  within 
the  neighborhood  of  1,500  people  employed,  more 
than  half  of  them  women  and  girls.  Is  it  not  an 
fact  that  there  was  no  panic?  That 
njiloyees  looked  on  at  the  fire  below  them 

(Continued    on    page   24.) 


Sense  and  NON-sense 

A  Hypothetical  Question 

Wliich  is  wiseitf  To  wear  shoes  made  by  a  concern 
who  make  shoes— nothing  but  shoes — thousands  of 
them — who  specialize  in  shoes;  or  to  wear  shoes 
made  by  a  concern  who,  in  addition  to  making 
Eh'>eB,  also  make  harness,  mat^uery  belts  and  other 
leather  products  t 

We  don't  make  lathes,  machine  tools,  tower  clocks 
or  electric  machinery.  Other  people  who  make 
Watchman's  Cloekd  do.  We  make  only  Watch- 
man's Clocks.  We  specialize.  Our  time,  enci^ 
and  investment  have  been  devoted  for  forty  years 


o  ONE  product- 


N 


EWMA 

Watchman's  Clacks 


N 


\  POSITIVE  CHECK  ON  HUMAN  FALLIBILITY" 

NEWMAN  CLOCK    COMPANY 


152«W>b«hAT«. 


AKCIini-.LTUKE   AND    IIUILDJNC. 


FIRST  AID 


to  a  building  threatened  by  fire  is  usually 
sufficient  to  render  unnecessary  any  further 
aid.  But  this  "First  Aid"  must  be  really 
first.  It  must  be  independent  completely  of 
human  frailties.     It  must  provide  for 

1.  Discovering  the  Fire. 

2.  Sending  in  an  Alarm. 

3.  Attacking  the  Fire  before  it  gets  fairly 
started. 

4.  Pouring  its  water  upon  the  Heart  of 
the  Fire. 

5.  Completely  extinguishing  the  Fire,  or 

6.  Holding  it  in  check  until  the  firemen 


have  discovered  15,000  fires,  sent  in  the  alarms,  and 
attacked  the  fires  before  they  grew  too  large  to 
handle.  They  poured  their  water  on  the  exact  spot 
where  it  was  needed,  and  completely  extinguished 
10,000  of  the  fires.     The  others  they  held  in  check. 

Our  Pcriodiwl 

The  Aatomatic  Sprinkler  Bailetin 

is  full  of  information  on  the  subject  of 
Sprinkler  protection.  You  will  receive  it 
regularly,  if  you  ask  for  it. 

GENERAL  FIRE  EXTINGUISHER  CO. 

EXECUTIVE  OFFICES:  PROVIDENCE,  R.  I. 

PhaU.  WBi«b<HUM  and  Office*  in  PrindpU  Cilia*  of  UnilMl  Stala*  and  Canada 


Architecture  and  Bulldlni 


ARCHITECTURE   AXD   BUILDING. 


3DDE 


I    ROCKWOOD 
i  SPRINKLER  CO. 


COMPLETE 
AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  O 
EQUIPMENTS 

Approved  by  All  Intunnce  Interartl 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE 
UNDERWRITERS'  BUILDING 

123  WILLIAM  STRErET 
NEW  YORK 


D 


3DDE 


The  Simplest,  Strongest 

System  of  Sidew^alk  Lights 

Ever  Invented 

The  heavy  galvanized  Btcel  forms,  reinforcinR 
rods,  glosB  and  concrete  ore  combined  in  ancli 
&  way  u  to  produce  a  reninrkably  hi]!h  live 
load  capacity  ia  proportion  to  dead  load. 

lEROEita^  -Sidewalk 
Lights 


reqnire  no  false  work  of  any  hind  and  any 
concrete  worker  can  install  them. 

Stttr  to  "Shlrtl's"  or  irriM  nramt  ojtliv  tor  m,r  Kaf. 
dlattt  Catalogue.  IteoHltlnM  full  dtlniU  leilli  Tablri  if 
Salt  Loaitt,  tie. 

THE  BERBER  MFB.  CO.,   Cinton,  0. 


Noir  VnrI 


St.  t,ni 


'^f  I,A.T   Flisil  SM  -<F^fl\ 


more  or  less  as  a  spectacle,  while  the  firemen 
fought  (he  Maze?  To  find  the  reason  for  this. 
we  must  consider  the  construction  of  (he  Bush 
Terminal  buildings.  Concrete  structures,  with 
nothing  structural  to  burn  about  them,  fully 
ecjuipped  with  automatic  sprinkler  systems  an<1 
alarms  that  begin  the  tight  on  the  fire  long  before 
the  fire  companies  arrive,  it  is  no  wonder  thai  the 
firemen  soon  got  the  fire  under  control.  Another 
interesting  point  was  the  protection  of  communi- 
cation throughout  the  building;  hallways,  stair- 
ways and  shafts  were  enclosed  at  their  openings 
by  automatic  fire  doors,  which,  closing  on  fusible 
links,  closed  all  openings  into  the  burning  area 
and  with  all  windows  protected  with  metal  franie^; 
and  wire  glass,  prevented  the  spread  of  smokv 
and  fumes  throughout  the  halls  and  shafts.  No 
wonder  that  there  were  no  panic  conditions  among 
employees. 

All  openings  to  the  elevator  hatchways  ( 194  in 
number)  were  equipped  with  the  Peelle  under- 
writer counterbalance  fire  doors. 


SPECIFICATIONS  FOR  STUCCO  ON 
METAL. 
The  Associated  Metal  Lath  Manufacturers  have 
issued  a  typical  specification  for  stucco  on  metal 
which  has  been  prepared  with  great  care  and 
embodies  the  efforts  of  representatives  from  the 
principal  manufacturers  of  the  United  States. 
The  specification  covers  framing  and  general  con- 
struction, furring,  insulation,  comer  bead,  lath- 
ing, plastering  and  stucco  on  brick.  It  is  a  use- 
ful paper  for  an  architect,  and  may  be  obtained 
by  addressing  the  Association  at  812  Wick  Build- 
ing,  Youtigstown,   O. 


Do  not  be  fooled  by  the  word  "fireproof."  Un- 
til we  write  on  slabs  of  steel,  sit  on  chairs  of 
asbestos,  wear  shoes  of  concrete  and  trousers  of 
tin.  absolute  fireproofing  is  impossible.  A  powder 
mill  might  be  fireproof  in  construction,  yet  people 
arc  not  in  the  habit  of  making  it  a  smoking 
room.  When  you  hear  "fireproof  construction," 
remember  that  many  things  are  only  skin  deep— 
the  contents  count.^^ riiuie//  Automatic  Sprinkler 
Bullelin. 

(Continued  on  page  26.) 


G>iisobdated  Qiandelier  G). 

MASCPAOTURERS  or 

Gas  and  Electric  Fixtures 


132-136  W.  14th  St 


When  writing.   Advertlseri,  plee 


NEW  YORK  cnr 

i  Bulldinff. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


The  Fire  Risk  is  Less 

in  the  plant  equipped  with  the  fire-proof,  Kum-proof, 
vcnnin-praof,  thief-proof  and  time-proof 

PEN-DAR 

Steel  Lockers 

They  are  built  throughout  ■ 
expanded  m^taland  sheet  stee 
and  present  a  smooth,  atttactii 


wide  variety  of  types  to  r.._ 
the  requirements  of  any  insta 

The  first  Mep  toward  larp 
earning  is  to  provide  cnnifor 
able    working    conditions    U 


Edward  Darby  &  Sons  Co.,  Inc. 

228  Arch  Street  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


I  writing  AdvertlaerB,   please  r 


I    Architecture 


ARCHITECTURE  AND    RVILD!NG. 


Fire  Protection 


Anjlc  Hoge  ValvBS 


lahgufi,  cats  and  other  data  gladly  a 


John  Simmons  Co. 

102-110  Centre  St.,  New  Y 


CLAY  PRODUCTS  EXPOSITION. 
The  Clay  Products  Exposition,  which  i 


■  be 
held  in  the  Coliseum.  Chicago,  is  to  open  March  7 
and  continue  until  March  12.  It  will  decidedly 
pay  any  architect  or  builder,  or  we  may  even 
Ijroaden  the  field  and  say,  anyone  who  ever  ex- 
pects to  own  a  home  of  his  own  or  be  the  owner 
of  a  building  of  any  kind,  to  visit  this  show  if  he 
can  get  there.  The  exhibition  will  be  a  compre- 
hensive one  as  far  as  clay  products  go.  and  will 
deal  very  broadly  with  the  fire- resisting  and  fire- 
prolective  developments  of  clay  products. 

Fiske  and  Company  are  among  the  exhibitors  in 
this  exposition,  and  among  other  things,  will 
show  a  replica  of  one  of  the  doorways  of  the  new 
Grand  Central  Terminal  Station.  New  York  City, 
which  is  to  be  executed  in  tapestry  brick.  They 
will  also  exhibit  some  of  their  beautiful  fireplaces. 

T.\    CO.    .-WNUAL 


29,  1912,  the  following  v 

the  ensuing  year; 
Berwind.  John  E. 
Bond.  Alfred  H, 
Dinsmorc,  Wm.  I!, 
Fish,  Stuyvesant 
Grant,  De Forest 

Thoi 


e  elected  dire 


s  for 


(!rant,  Madison 

Manics.  Wm. 

Morris.  Lewis  R. 

Schieffelin,  Schuyler 

Taylor,  Dwight  W*. 
,  Edwin 
ing  of  the  directors,  the 


n'hcB   writing-  jidvertlBera,  plea 


and  at  a  subsequent 

following  officers  were  elected: 

DeForest  Grant,  President 

Edwin  Thorne,  1st  Vice-President 

Wm.  Manice,  2nd  Vice-President 

Wm.  B.  Dinsmorc,  Treasurer 

Dwight  W.  Taylor,  Secretary  and  .\sst.  Treas- 


COMMISSION  GO\'ERNMENT. 
.^n  illustrated  quarto  entitled  "One  Year  and 
Eight  Months  Under  Commission  Government." 
has  been  issued  by  the  city  of  Memphis.  The 
statement  is  an  important  one  to  the  political 
economist  and  also  to  that  class  interested  in 
municipal  improvement,  which  includes  many  ar- 
chitects. Under  the  commission  government. 
Memphis  has  made  rapid  progress  in  the  erec- 
tion of  public  buildings  and  the  betterment  of 
civic  conditions. 

.\t\  article  appeared  in  a  recent  issue  of  the 
".Automatic  Sprinkler  Bulletin"  on  the  sprinkler 
equipment  of  the  Masonic  Home  ai  Uiica.  N.  Y. 
This  building  is  equipped  with  3,330  Grinnell  auto- 
matic sprinklers.  This  equipment  is  interesting 
in  an  institution  of  this  character. 

(Continued  on  page  28.) 
nentlon  Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


STOP  THAT  FEARFUL  FIRE  LC 

Would  Have  Prevented  All  of  It 

It  reduces  insurance  rates  in  handsome  proportion 
Its    use    means    safety    and   protection    gainst   iir 

H.  C.  VOGEL  COMPANY,  »...Sr.f 

not*. M., WiMwi Mm lli^  --'—■•  -    --■ -'-  ■ ■-  -  -    — " 

■■(IH,  Mhi..  JIMEtlt. 


Thomas  Morton, 


169  Elm  Street, 


New  York. 


Ch?mp!on  Melal      |     SAwH     wllAINu. 


Champion  Melal 
Steel  Champion 


All  ■  lyn  For  Smwf ■■.H>>n.l|i'rs.  Batn,  ite. 


I  «LLi)tajrnioR  QB«Lin. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


WASH  METHOD  OF  HANDLING 
WATER-COLOR.  By  Frank  Forest 
Frederick,  Director  of  School  of  In- 
dustrial Art,  Trenton,  N.  J. 

"THIS  LITTLE  boob  aSards  b  slimului  to  the  uh 
whose  be»miful  irork  ii  uneicelled."— Inland  Printer. 

Price,  paatpald,  SO  cents 

SIMPLIFIED  MECHANICAL 
PERSPECTIVE.  By  Frank  Forest 
Frederick. 

A  BOOK  at  nniple  practical  problems,  vith  sufficient 
explaiutione to  make  it  ngoon  text  book.  It  aims  to 
develop  "the  penpective  seoae"  u  well  u  to  teach  the 
drawiiiK  of  ILnei. 

Price,  postpaid,  IS  ctata 

HANDWORK  IN  WOOD.     By 

William  Noyes,  Assistant  Professor  De- 
partment of  Industrial  Art,  Teachers' 
College,  Columbia  University. 

A  COMPREHEXSIVB  and  icholBrly  IreatUe  on 
wood  uid  woodworking,  from  the  survey  of  the  forest 


Price,  poa^tald,  S2.00 

Send  for  the 


Books  on  the 


lual  Aru ' 

THE  MANUAL  ARTS  PRESS 

600  German  Fire  Insur.  Bide.,  Peoria,  III. 


The  building  operations  in  Pittsburgh  for  the 
year  1911  have  just  been  compiled.  The  sum 
total  of  new  construction  during  1911  totaled 
$7,503,505.  Additions  totaled  $1,886,173  and  al- 
terations $2,288,866.  Among  the  important  struc- 
tures built  in  Pittsburgh  during  1911  were:  Har- 
ris Theatre,  $125,000;  First  National  Bank  ad- 
dition of  21  stories ;  Schenley  Farms  residence 
(17),  $130,000;  Colfax  School,  $200,000;  City 
Pumping  Station,  $125,000 ;  paper  warelv>use. 
$180,000;  St.  Agnes  School,  $90,000;  Union  Steel 
Casting  Company  addition,  $700,000;  Shadyside 
apartment  house  $164,000;  Allegheny  General 
Hospital  addition,  $50,000. 


Keying  an  "ad"  and  paying  a  clerk  to  keep  tabs 
on  "inquiries"  is  good  business  in  a  ten-cent  mail 

order  proposition,  but  doesn't  work  out  on  any- 
thing bigger.  We  know  a  wall-board  man  who 
got  480  inquiries  from  a  farm  journal  "ad,"  sent 
out  a  stack  of  catalogues  and  booklets,  chased 
follow-up  letters  out  in  one-two- three  order  and 
has  yet  to  sell  a  single  foot  of  the  board  to  any  of 
the  idle  curious  who  answered  his  advertising. 
The  same  manufacturer  got  but  two  inquiries  out 
of  an  "ad"  in  a  building  magazine,  but  sold  both 
parties.— The    Builders     Guide.    Philadelphia. 


ERRATUM. 
Under  two  views  of  Miner's  Empire  Theatre, 
Newark,  N.  J.,  shown  on  page  43  of  the  Janu- 
ary issue  of  AiiCHiTECTtiRE  AND  Bl'uj)ing,  Credit 
was  given  McMurray  &  Puhs,  as  architects.  This, 
however,  was  incorrect,  for  McMurray  &  Pulis 
and  George  Keister  were  jointly  the  architects  for 
this  theatre.  The  editors  of  Architecture  and 
Building  offer  their  apolc^ies  for  this  error  and 
take  pleasure  in  avaihng  themselves  of  this  op- 
portunity to  rectify  it. 


GORTON 

WROUGHT  STEEL  BOILERS 

are  bultt  an  the  lli»*  of  pi>wcr 
bollcn  to  secure  dunMllty, 
aafety  and  highest  ecoaomy  in 
[uel  canBumpdon. 

THEY  ARE  SELF-FEEDERS, 
■    and  reqmri^  coaling  only  twice  a 

t        They  are   high   giade  in   every 
they  have  no  equal. 

Snid  foraataloa  and  invatigaU 
for  vowrttll  their  ivperim-ity, 

Gorton  ft  Lidlfenrood  Co. 

M  LOwTiT  StTMl,  NEW  ion 
Boston.  ISS  Hl(h  Bt. 
Chicaoo.  Fliher  Bldg. 

mention   Architecture  nnd  BuUdlns. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


QUALITY 

METAL  COVERED 

WORK  IN 
COPPER,    BRONZE 

AND 
KALAMEIN  IRON 

PROMPT  SERVICE 

TEL.,  3365  LENOX 

Howell 
Field 

and 
GODDARD 

INC. 

SPECIALISTS 

IN 

FIRE 
UMDERWRITER  WORK 

OFFICE  AND   FACTORY 

404-6  East  93dSt. 
NEW  YORK 

Dixon's  Silica-Graphite  Paint 

Protects  the  structural  steel  woric  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildings;  American 
Woolen  Company's  Buildinu;  Gimbel  Department  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
&  Trust  Company's  Building,  Savannah,  Ga. ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Con^ 
pany's  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  numerous  other  structures. 
ITrite  ui  far  "  Natablt  "Buitdiag  List,"  and  other paiM  tilerature 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jereey  aiy.  n.  j. 


When  wrltlHK  Advertisers,  plea 


30 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


f  9951   1 
Telephone  j  ^^^2  J   Riverside 

M  ARNSTEIN 

Polished    Plate   and   American 
V/indo^w  Glass 

'Window  Sash  and  Glass  for 
New^  Buildings 

I9a  AMSTERDAM  AVE.,  NEW  YORK 

Between  96lh  and  99lh  Street! 

French  Mirror*     Stained  and  Leaded  Glaas 
Figured  and  Rolled  Glaaa 


(Continued    from    page    21.) 

CONFERENCE  ON  PEOPLE'S  BATHS. 

An  international  conference  on  people's  baths 
and  school  baths  will  be  held  during  the  last 
week  of  August,  1912,  at  Scheveningen  (The 
Hague).  The  purpose  of  this  meeting  is  to  pro- 
mote interest  in  public  baths  and  to  compare 
notes  as  to  results  obtained  from  various  exist- 
ing establishments  in  diflFerent  parts  of  the  world. 
Four  sessions  will  be  held  and  delegates  from 
municipalities  and  civic  improvement  societies  are 
expected  from  many  countries. 


"Street  Lighting,"  by  J.  M.  Bryant  and  H.  G. 
Hake  is  issued  as  Bulletin  No.  51  of  the  Engi- 
neering Experiment  Station  of  the  University  of 
Illinois. 

This  bulletin  is  designed  to  supply  needed  in- 
formation on  the  subject  of  efficient  and  econom- 
ical street  lighting  by  electricity.  Starting  with 
the  characteristics  of  modern  arc  and  series  in- 
candescent lamps,  the  principles  of  illumination 
are  explained.  These  principles  are  then  applied 
to  the  illumination  of  the  street,  curves  and 
tables  being  given  to  show  the  amount  of  light 
distribution  at  various  distances  from  the  lamps. 

Copies  of  Bulletin  No.  51  may  be  obtained 
gratis  upon  application  to  W.  F.  M.  Goss,  Direc- 
tor, Urbana,  111. 


In  Graphite,  issue  of  January,  1912,  there  ap- 
pears a  fine  illustration  of  the  interior  of  the 
Long  Island  City  power  station  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania, New  York  and  Long  Island  Railroad 
This  shows  the  equipment  of  turbine-driven  gen- 
erators and  also  the  construction  of  the  power 
house. 


F-I-A 


AT   Fir^  I  3SI-I  -^ 


Enrsnroini 


The  Keuffel  and  Esser  Co.  have  issued  their 
usual  small  pocket  calendar  for  the  coming  year. 
This  is  a  useful  device  and  will  be  sent  to  any 
architect  upon  request. 


The  Samuel  H.  French  Company  of  Philadel- 
phia have  issued  a  1912  pad  calendar  which 
esrves  as  a  convenient  memorandum  for  the 
desk,  and  also  keeps  French's  products  constantly 
in  mind. 


In  the  December,  1911,  issue  of  the  Journal  of 
the  American  Society  of  Engineering  Contrac- 
tors, there  appeared  an  article  entitled  "The 
Cement  Gun"  in  the  course  of  which  its  applica- 
tion to  architectural  work  was  considered.  One 
illustration  showed  the  use  of  the  cement  gun  in 
covering  steel  work  at  the  new  Grand  Central 
Terminal,  New  York.  Other  illustrations  showed 
the  use  of  this  device  for  stuccoing  house  exte- 
riors, building  fences,  etc.  This  process  gives  a 
particularly  fine  stucco  coating  that  adheres  thor- 
oughly to  the  support  and  gives  the  best  possible 
bond. 


In  the  January  issue  of  Building  Progress,  the 
first  of  a  series  of  articles  by  Melville  McPher- 
son,  "The  Spanish  Renaissance  in  America,"  ap- 
peared. The  illustrations  are  extremely  attrac- 
tive and  well  chosen.  The  paper  is  the  house 
organ  of  the  National  Fire  Proofing  Company 
of  Pittsburgh. 


The  second  annual  Architecture  and  Engineer- 
ing Exhibition,  which  will  be  held  in  the  71st 
Regiment  Armory  on  March  25th  to  30th,  will 
make  a  special  feature  of  showing  models  and 
designs  of  buildings.  Architectural  and  engi- 
neering schools  are  contributing  material,  and 
many  architects  are  also  loaning  models  and 
drawings  for  exhibition.  Comprehensive  exhibits 
of  building  supplies,  materials  and  accessories 
will  also  be  made  and  in  conjunction  with  the 
exhibition  a  conference  of  architectural,  build- 
ing, contracting  and  enginering  interests  will  be 
held,  particular  attention  being  devoted  to  the 
fire  waste  and  its  reduction  and  also  to  suburban 
home  building  in  addition  to  the  great  archi- 
tectural, enginering  and  building  achievements  of 
the  present  day. 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


Material  and  work  the  standard  for  14  years.    Our  reputation  the  best  poolive 

eridence  as  to  our  superiority. 

CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO.,     -    -     325^27  East  94di  St,  NEW  YORK 

When   writiVS   Advertisers,   please   mention    Architecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDIXG. 


When  writing  Advertleers,  please 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


PteTuUs  Dnfu,  Doit  uid  Window  K.attiiii£ 
rVEr  NTEIT 

WliidiwStapAdinttr 


(     ) 


The  enlT  Suv  AdhBet  mx 
ux]  hcuy  bed  dial  Till  Di 


cng,   nro  orbemJ   la  tfEhmini  Ibe 
■rn*B.lt.IVZS  CO^  Mnr  Bna. 

(nitr-nn  CmlniiK  Milted  Fkc> 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

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1911  MODEL 

ll  is  adaptable  for  ri^t  hand  and  left  hand 
doors  without. change. 

It  is  supplied  with  or  without  the  hold-back  at- 
tachment. The  hold-hack  attachments  can  be 
adjusted  to  slop  the  door  at  any  point. 

The  spring  used  is  long  and  resilient,  reducing 
the  crystallization  to  a  minimum  and  giving  a 
quick,  live  attion,  which  is  highly  desirable. 

The  spindle  has  a  lower  bearing  which  abso- 
lutely pre\'enis  side  pressure  or  friction  and  gives 
rigidity  to  the  check. 

The  rack  and  pinion  in  the  check  give  control 
to  the  door  at  all  points  from  the  wide-open  to 
the  closed  position.  The  movement  in  closing  is 
steady,  without  shock  or  jar  at  any  point. 


The  parts  are  few  and  strong,  easily  accessible 
and  quickly  replaced. 

The  liquid  used  is  one  which  has  been  carefully 
compounded  with  a  view  to  securing  immunity 
from  changes  due  to  difference  of  temperature. 
It  is  non-freezing  and  not  affected  by  extreme 
heat. 

(Continued  on  page  34.) 


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1  Architecture  and  Building- 


34 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


A  Primer  of 

Architectural 

Drawing 

For  Young  Students 


ByWm.S.B.Dana,B.S. 

(Mass.  Inst,  of  TeohaologT) 


Bein^  a  progressive  series  of 
DRAWING  BOARD  PROB- 
LEMS, the  embodiment  of  the 
author's  teaching:  in  the  Mechanics' 
Institute  of  New  York  City. 
Intensely  practical  in  that  theory  is 
obliterated  by  the  author's  system  of 
CONSTRUCTION  ON  PAPER. 
This  book  makes  a  strong:  appeal, 
because  it  is  interesting:  and  the 
shortest  course  to  a  practical 
knowledge  of  the  elements  of  archi- 
tectural structural  drawing  yet 
evolved. 

There  are  twenty-five  problems, 
each  illustrated  by  a  plate  and  with 
i6i  explanatory  detail  figures. 

The    Problems    cover     the    following 

subjects: 

Floors  and  Walls  of  Brick,  ^tone  and 

Wood. 
Framingr  of  Floors,  Walls  and  Roofs. 
Development   of   Roof   Forms. 
Section   of  a  Frame  House. 
Bricklaying  and  Bondingr. 
Brick    Walls:    Doors:    Windows    and 

their   Caslngrs. 
Stairs,    Wood    and    Iron. 
Construction  of  Fireplace  or  Chimney. 

154  pages,  cloth,  pocket  size.  Frioe  $1.26 

PUBLISHER 

The  Wm.  T.  Gomstock  Go. 

23  Warren  St.,  New  Yoi^ 


^  FLJVT  Fir^I  2Bgl-i  •^ 

isnrenroini 


The  checking  pressure  is  confined  to  the  cylin- 
der. There  is  no  pressure  at  the  spindle  so  that 
the  liquid  is  not  forced  upward  and  the  check 
will  not  leak. 

The  brackets  used  are  the  same  as  used  with 
other  models  of  the  Corbin  check. 

Six  sizes  are  made  to  swing  all  doors  from  the 
lightest  screen  door  to  the  heaviest  doors  made. 


Volume  IX,  the  1911  edition  of  the  American 
Art  Annual,  has  been  issued.  It  contains  the 
usual  volume  of  interesting  and  useful  informa- 
tion. 


The  Journal  of  the  Western  Society  of  Engi- 
neers for  December,  1911,  contains  a  most  valu- 
able technical  article  on  the  new  passenger  term- 
inal of  the  Chicago  and  Northwestern  Railroad 
Company. 


The  Journal  of  the  Franklin  Institute  for  Janu- 
ary, 1912,  contains  an  article,  "What  Makes  White 
Lead  Chalk,  and  How  Chalking  May  be  Pre- 
vented," by  Henry  A.  Gardner. 


The  Nutley  Realty  News,  Vol.  1,  No.  1.  has  ap- 
peared with  the  first  of  January.  This  publication 
is  intended  to  promote  the  interests  of  Nutley,  but 
incidentally  shows  numerous  illustrations  of  small 
suburban  houses. 


The  Canal  Record  of  January  10,  1912,  has  an 
article  on  "Erecting  Lock  Machinery,"  showing 
diagrams  of  the  lock-operating  devices.  It  will 
be  of  interest  to  hydraulic  engineers. 


LIGHTING  FIXTURES. 
Lighting  fixtures  of  a  special  design  are  manu- 
factured  either   in   accordance   with   the   designs 
furnished    by    the    architect,    or    from    sketches 
worked  out  by  the  architect  in  collaboration  with 
the  manufacturers,  where  the  draftsmen  for  the 
manufacturer  elaborates  and  perfects  the  design 
drawings.      The    Consolidated    Chandelier    Com- 
pany are  prepared  to  co-operate  in  this  way  with 
architects  in  the  matter  of  their  designs,  accom- 
modating the  patterns  of  the  fixtures  to  meet  the 
interior  decoration  of  rooms,  halls  or  larger  places 
of  assembly.     Further,  they  carry  a  large  quan- 
tity  of    stock    fixtures   and    designs    which   may 
often  be  combined  and  adapted  to  suit,  without 
the  necessity  of  making  up  special  fixtures.    This 
firm  has  recently  installed  lighting  fixtures  in  a 
number  of  apartment  houses,  notably  the  Grin- 
nell  at  Riverside  Drive  and  157th  Street,  and  309 
West  99th  Street,  both  of  which  are  illustrated 
in  this  issue.     They  would  be  pleased  to  submit 
estimates  on  work  and  to  co-operate  with  archi- 
tects.   Their  address  is  132-136  West  14th  Street. 
New  York  City. 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Heraldry  Illustrated 

Br  WM.  B.  ABBOTT 

Being  a  ebort  scoouot  of  the 

Or^in  and  History  of  Heraldry 

and  an  explanation  of  its  Datura,  with  practical 
directionB  for  diKwing  and 

Painting  Goats  of  Arms 

to  whlcli  Is  added  a  Glossary  of  the  terms 
used  In  the  Science  of  Heraldry.  Tbere  is  also 
a  chapter  on  the  drawing  and  painting  of 
Coats  of  Arms,  which  will  prove  of  great  as- 
sistance to  those  unaccustomed  to  the  work. 
The  glossary  contains  about  flfteen  hundred 
definitions  of  heraldic  terms,  many  in  French 
and  Latin. 

To  Architects.  Designers  and  others  who 
desire  to  acquire  a  knowledge  of  this  in- 
teresting art,  It  will  prove  of  invaluable  ser- 
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36  ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 

Maginnis* Practical  Books 

HOW  TO  FRAME  A  HOUSE 

or  HOUSE  AND  ROOF   FRAMING 

By  OWEN  B.  M AGIN N IS 


PART  I.— Balloon  Framlmtf.  PART  II.— Roof  Framing 

PART  ill.— How  to  frame  the  timbers  of  a  brick  house. 

One  Octavo  Vol. ,  Cloth  80  IlluBtrations  PRICE  $1.00 

ROOF  FRAMING  MADE  EASY 

A  practical  and  easily  comprehended  system  of  laying  out  and  framing  roofs,  adapted  to 
modem  building  construction.  The  methods  are  made  clear  and  intelligibk  by  76  engravings 
with  extensive  explanatory  text. 

SECOND  EDITION,    REVISED  AND  ENLARGED 
One  Octavo  Vol.,  Cloth  PRICE  $1.00 

How  to  Measure  Up  Woodwork  for  Buildings 

Describing  the  simplest  and  most  accurate  methods  to  be  followed  when 
figuring  up  woodwork  for  either  brick  or  frame  houses. 


By  OWEN  B,  MAGINNIS,  Architect 
Fully  Illustrated,  Cloth  PRICE  $0.50 

PRACTICAL    CENTMNG 

TREATING  OF 

The  Practice  of  Centring  Arches  in  Building  Construction 

The  work  embraces  each  subject  in  detail  and  in  language  that  practical  men  can    under- 
stand, and  is  especially  commended  to  students  attending  trade,  technical  and  architectural  schools. 


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BRICKLAYING 

By  OWEN  B.  MAGI  NN  IS 


The  entire  work  represents  the  best  up-to-date  practice,  and  is  illustrated  by  over  150  engravings. 
It  covers  the  important  operations  and  methods  necessary  in  altering  brick  buildings,  and  the 
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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


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Roman  Cities  in  Italy  and  Dalmatia 

By  A.  L.  FROTHINGHAM,  Ph.  D. 
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A  picture  of  Ancient  Italy  and  pre-Augustan  Rome  drawn  from  her  rivals  bas  not  yet 
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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


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FIRE   PREVENTION 


Architecture  and  Building  is  about  to  present  a  series  of 
articles  dealing  with  the  practical  preventive  measures  of  this 
now  country  wide  movement  to  check  our  great  national 
extragavance :  The  Annual  Fire  Waste. 

Automatic  Spriniiler  Equipment   of  Loft  Buildings 

is  the  first  subject  to  be  treated.  These  articles  will  be 
written  by  Mr,  E.  P.  Boone,  Superintendent  of  the  Automatic 
Sprinkler  Department,  New  York   Fire   Insurance   Exchange. 


The  architect  stands  between  his  client  and  the  outer  darkness 
on  all  points  of  building  construction.  With  ever  increasing 
frequency,  these  days,  is  he  called  upon  to  explain  a  sprinkler 
system,  outline  the  method  of  its  installation,  and  give  its  ap- 
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These  articles  by  Mr.  Boone  will  be  a  practical  study  of  sprinkler, 
standpipe  and  supply  tank  equipments,  considered  *  as  a  portion 
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give  that  amount  of  technical  information  which  is  necessary 
to  a  good  understanding  of  the  practical  principles  of  an  auto- 
matic sprinkler  equipment  without  an  engineering  treatment 
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GARDNER. 

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to  corrosion  and  the  power  of  pigment  mix- 
tures to  act  as  retarders. 

Construction  of  preserrative  coatings  and 
methods  of  application  to  structural  work  of 
all  sorts  are  also  considered. 

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ARCHITECTUI^ 


NA-  AND 


V. 


BU ILDING 


A  Magazine 
Devoted  to  Contemporary 

Architectural  Construction 


Vol  44     March      ^  3 

1912 


Automatic  Sprinkler  Equipment  of 

Loft  Buildings 

By  E.  p.  BOONE 


Fireproofing  and  Fire-Protection 

IV  1 6  1967 

^.^^  I  Published  by 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 


^1 


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OopTiisbt,    1912.    by   The   Wm.    T.    Gomstock   no. 


'Globe"  Ventilator  ™d 

"Olobe  Venlilating  Ridging" 


The  "Globe"  I>  built  n 


In  Gtpper  or  Galvanized  Iron 
SlnpU  Sand  lur 

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Roman  Cities  in  Italy  and  Dalmatia 

By  A.  L.  FROTHINGHAM,  Ph.  D. 
Professor  of  Ancient  History  and  Archaeology  at  Princeton  University. 

A  picture  of  Ancient  Italy  and  pre-AugUBtan  Rome  drawn  from  her  rivals  has  not  7^ 
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ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


Detailed   Working   Drawings 

o/  the 

Five  Orders   of  Architecture 

By  JAS.  T.  BALL,  Architect 

Portfolio  Edition 

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As  Applied  to  Balldlatf  Constrnctlon 

By  WILBUR  J.  WATSON,  C.  E. 

A  book  of  great  aseifitance  to  ArchiteotB 
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ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


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E 

E 

C 

T 

R 

N 

E 

E 

A 

R 

L 

Porsth  Electric  Co. 

10  East  23d  Street.  New  York. 


LOFT  BUILDING 


fl  West  3lit  St..  N.y. 


John  Polachek  Bronze  &  Iron  Co. 

ArrlfitfctiirBl  Srmur  anb  Srim  Work 

MD«  t  yinit,  I4M4  Cliy  SI„  Bunnidi  ol  BraoUn.  N.  T. 


(Cut  &tonf  (Santnirtiira 
^RY   HANLEIN  &  SON 

Offloe.  417  last  lOSd  Street 


When   wrltltiK   Adi 


Alphabetical  List  of  Advertisers 


Page 

American     Enameled     Brick     & 
Tile    Co.,    The 14 

American     Garden     Beautifying 
Co..    Tbe    21 

A.   P.   W.   Paper  Co 31 

Architectural    Metal    Works 21 


Badger  &  Sons  Co..  E.  B 31 

Barnes  Co.,   W.  F.  &  John 35 

Barrett    Mfg.    Co.,    The 19 

Bcrger    Mfg.    Co.,    The 24 

Bissing,    Harry    20 

Bommer   Bros 16 

Bowser    &   Co.,    S.    F..    Inc 2 

Boyd    Equipment    Company. ...  33 

Broderick  &  Bascom  Rope  Co.  6 

Brooklyn  Vault  LJght  Co 85 

Carter,    Black   &    Ayers 37 

Chicago    Spring    Butt    Co 2 

Coleman    &    Bro.,    J 21 

Concrete   Age,    The 28 

Consolidated  Chandelier  Co 24 

Cork  A  Zlcha  Marble  Co 30 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Com- 
pany       13 

Darby    A    Sons    Co..    Inc.,    Ed- 
ward     23 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jos 29 

Edwards   Electrical   Construction 
Co 30 

Evans,    F.    H 33 

Farnam  Cheshire  Lime  Co., 

II   Cover 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co 40 

Felton,   Sibley  &  Co 16 

Fleischmann    Bros.    Co 15 

Flushovalve    Co 9 

Folsom   Snorw  Guard   Co 35 


Page 

Gatchel     &     Manning — 

General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.  23 

Globe    Ventilator    Co II    Cover 

Gorham   Co.,   The — 

Gorton  &  Lidgerwood   Co 28 

Grant   Pulley   &   Hardware    Co.  38 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 32 

Grimmer    &    Son,    Charles 11 

Gustafson     Co.,     Albin 11 

Harbison-Walker-Refractories 
Co IV    Cover 

Hasbrouck    Floor    Co 2 

Haulein   &   Son.    Henry 6 

Higglns   ft   Co.,   Chas.    M 35 

IroquoLs    Door    Co 5 

Ives  Co.,   The  H.   B 32 

Jackson    Co..    William    H 4 

Jones,    Thomas    W 32 

Kertscher  ft   Co 2 

Knight  ft  Son,   J.   N 4 

Knoburn  Co.,  The 25 

Lane    Bros.     Co 32 

Loomis   Manning   Filter   Distri- 
buting   Co IV    Cover 

Manual  Arts  Press,  The 28 

Marble  ft  Shattuck  Chair  Co. .  21 

Marbleoid    Co.,    The 37 

Metropolitan  Electric  Mfg.  Co..  37 

Monument    Plaster    Co 37 

Morton,    Thomas    27 

Newman    Clock    Co 22 

New    York    Architectural    Terra 
Cotta    Co 5 

Norwalk     Lock    Company 5 

Norrth western    Terra-Cotta    Co., 

The    38 


Page 
Otis    Elevator    Company 17 

Polachek    Hromze    &    Iron    Co., 
John     6 

Pomeroy   Co.,    Inc.,    S.   H 27 

Porsth    Electric    Co 6 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  32 

Rockwood    Sprinkler    Co 24 

See  Electric  Elevator  Co.,   The 
A.  B 33 

Sel(-Clinchlng    Nail     Co S3 

Shoemaker.    Benjamin    H 33 

Silver   Lake   Co II   Cover 

Simmons  Co.,  John 38 

Speidel,    J.    G 

Stanley  Works.   The    

Star    Expansion    Bolt    Co 16 

Starrett    Company,    Theodore . .  IS 

Tettenborn     Refrigerators 82 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com- 
pany      — 

United    States   Mineral  Wool  Co.  2T 

United    States    Press    Clipping 
Bureau    — 

Van  Dorn  Iron  W'orks  Co.,  The.  SS 

Vogel   Co.,    H.    G m 

Voigtmann    ft   Co 2T 

Voska,    Foelsch   ft    Sidlo,    Inc. .     2 


Washburne  ft  Co.,  E.  O 

White  Enamel  Refrigerator  Co. 
of  New  York 15 


Wilson   Mfg.   Co.,   James  G. 


16 


irsrffiswEsr" 


Classified   Advertisements 

NOTE.— Bvsry  elassifled  advextUer  is  entitled  to  InBertion  under  one  heading.    Under  extra  headingg,  95.00  a  year  each 


ARCHITBCTURAL.   BRONZB. 

Th*  Qorham  Co Fiftb  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

Polachek    Bronze    &.    Iron    Co..    John, 

144-6-8   Clay    St,    Brooklyn,    New   York 

ARCHITECTURAL  WOODWORK. 

Smith,  Inc.  W.  E 1  Madison  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

AWNINGS,  BLINDS,  ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  Jas.  Q. 

5   W.   29th   St..   New   York   City 

B0ILBR8. 

Bad^r  ft   Sons  Co..   E.   B Boston,   Mass 

Gorton   &.   Lidgerwood   Co., 

96   Liberty    St.,   New   York 

BOLTS— Bzpansiofl,      Machine      Bxpandion,      Sebco 

Mooring,  Sebco  Twin,  Toggle. 
Brany.  F.  H... 81-85  Hewes  St.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Star  E^cpansion  Bolt  Co.,  147-149  Cedar  St.,  N.  Y. 

BRICK— Enameled  Front. 

AmeriCaA  Enamel  Brick  ft  Tile  Co., 

1184  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Garter,  Black  ft  Ayers 1182  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Harbison- Walker    Refractories   Co., 

30    Church    St..    New    York 


.CleTaland,   0. 


BRIDOBS. 

Van  Dorn   Iron   Works  Co 

BRONZE. 

Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co.,  John, 

144-6-8  Clay  St.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

BUILDING  CONTRACTORS. 

Flelschmann  Bros.  Co.,  507  Fifth  Ave.,  N.  Y". 
Fuller  Co..  Geo.  A..  MarQuette  Bldg.,  Chicago. 
Starrett  Company,  Theodore,  103  Park  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

BUILDINO  DIRBOTORT. 

U.  8.  Chmageable  Sign  Co.  .8-7  W.  20tb  St..  N.  Y. 

BUREAU  OF  NEWS. 

U.  8.  Preaa  Cllppiiig  Bureau, 

IM  La  Salle  St..  Cbleago.  111. 


BUTTS.  BALL-BEARING. 
StSanley  Works,  The. . . 


.New  Britain.  Conn. 


CHAIR   MANUFACTURERS. 

Marble  and  Shattuck  Chair  Co.,  The, 

Chicago-New    York. 

CLOCKS— Synchronized,    Watchman's. 

Newman  Clock  Co.,  The...  178  Fulton  St.,  N.  Y. 
Prentiss  Clock  Improyement  Co., 

Dept.  11,  92  Chambers  St.,  N.  T. 

CONCRETE  SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

CORDAGE. 

SilTer  Lake  Co Boston.   Mass. 

DOORS,   VENEERED,    ETC. 

Iroquois    Door    Co IS    Broadway,    New    York 


DOOR  HANGERS. 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsie,  N.   Y. 

DRAWER  SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

85  Warren   St..   N.   Y. 

DRAWING  INKS-CHigKins). 
Hlggtns  ft  Co.,  Cbas.  M.. 

271  9th  St,  Brooklyn.  N.  T. 

DUMB  WAITERS. 

Otia  Blerator  Co 17  Battery  Plaoe,  N.  Y. 

S^del,  J.  G ReadinR.  Pa. 

ELECTRICAL    CONTRACTOR.^ 

Boyd   Equipment  Co 373   4th   Ave..    N.  Y. 

GusUfson  Co.,  Albin 84  B.  29th  St..  N.  Y. 

Porstb   Electric  Co m  K.  i*:;d  Si..   N.  Y. 

Sunset   Company, 

1101-1102  Firemen's   Ins.   Bldg..   Newark.  N.  .T. 

ELEVATORS. 

A.   B.   See  Electric  Elevator  Co..  The, 

220    Broadway,    New    York 

Otis  Elarator  Co 17  Battery  Plaoe.  N.  T. 

Speidel.  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

ENGINEERS.    ELECTRICAL.    CONSULTING,    ETC. 
Bissing,  Harry 863  W.  42d  St..  N.  Y. 

ENGRAVERS  AND  ILLUSTRATORS. 

Gatchel   ft   Manning Philadelphia.   Pa. 

EXPANSION  BOLTS. 

Erana,  F.  H...31-^  Hewes  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co. ...147  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 

EXTERIOR  PLASTER. 

Monumental  Plaster  Company. ..  .Harrison,  N.  J. 

FENCING  AND  RAILINGS. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co CleTeland.   O. 

FILTERS. 

Loomto-Mannlng  Filter  Distributing  Co., 

828  Land  TlUe  Bldg.,  PhUadelphla.  Pa. 

FIRE    DOOR    EQUIPMENT. 

Lane  Bros.  Go Poughkeapala,  N.  T. 

FIRE    EQUIPMENT,    GENERAL. 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St,  N.  Y. 

FIREPROOF  DOORS  AND  SHUTTERS. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown.  N.  Y. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co.. 

8  West  29th  St.,  New  York 
Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,   S.   H.. 

427  W.   13th   St.,  New  York  City 

FIREPROOF  HARDWARE. 

H.  H.  Ives  Company,  The New  Haven.  Conn. 


r^i-jsL 


Birennsflni 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING, 


AN  IMPORTANT  NEW  BOOK  ON 

HYDRAULIC 
ELEVATORS 

bp 
Wm.  Baxter,  Jr. 

IT  it  has  to  do  with 
hydraulio  eleva- 
tors, you  will  find  the 
answer  in  this  book. 

Mr.  Baxter  oovers 
all  kinds  of  hydraulic 
lifts  and  eleyators. 
He  desoribes  the 
various  makes,  the 
principles  on  which 
they  work*  their  ad- 
Tanta^es  and  their 
disadvantages. 
Plunger  elevators  of 
all  kinds  are  care- 
fully considered. 

He  is  especially 
strong  on  repairs ; 
where  and  how  vari- 
ous elevators  give 
out.  and  how  to  re- 
pair them  and  render 
them  safe. 

The  contents  lu  brief  follow 

PrlndpIeB  of  Dlfferpnt  Types— Plunger  Hydrau- 
lic Blevators— Horizontal  Cylinder  Machines — 
Counterbalancing— General  Management  of  Hy- 
draulic Elevator  Systems— Low -Pressure.  Verti- 
cal Type.  Otis  Elevator— Hand- Rope  Control- 
Lever  Control— Pilot-Valve  Control-Regulating 
Valves— Safety  Devices— Magnetic  Valve  Control 
—Double-Power  Hydraulic  Elevator  System— Otis 
Running-Rope  System— Principal  Causes  of  Dis- 
ordered Mechanism  and  How  Prevented  or  Re- 
moved—Automatic Devices  Used  for  Stopping 
Cars  at  Top  and  Bottom  Landings— Effect  of 
Stretching  of  the  Ropes— Construction  of  Travel- 
ing-sheave Frames,  Foundations  and  Supports- 
Why  the  Piston  is  Weighted— The  Electrical  Fea- 
tures of  Vertical  Cylinder  Elevators— Description 
of  the  "Pulling"  Type  of  Horizontal  Elevators- 
Operating  Principle  of  the  Whittler  Machine— 
The  Morse- Williams  "Pulling"  Machine— Crane 
Horizontal  "Pushing"  Machine;  How  the  Stop- 
Motion  Gets  out  of  Adjustment— Description  of 
Auto,  Stop-Valve— Overhead  Sheaves  and  Bear- 
ings—The Morse  and  Williams  "Pulling"  Ma- 
chines—Otis Vertical  Machine;  the  Functions  of 
the  Pumps  and  the  Accumulator— Operation  of 
the  Main  and  Pilot  Valves  of  the  Oils  Vertical 
Elevator— Construction  and  Operation  of  the  Ac- 
cumulators and  the  Automatic  Valves  Used— Au- 
tomatic Stop  Valves  Used  with  Otis  High-Pres- 
sure Machines— Adjustment  and  Care  of  Auto- 
matic Stop-Valves— Stop-Valves  Used  with  Ac- 
cumulators—Plunger Elevators— Construction  of 
Passenger  Elevators  of  This  Type:. Details  of  the 
Cylinder  and  Valves:  How  Weight  of  Plunger  Is 
Counterbalanced— The  "Standard"  Plunger  Ele- 
vator—Valve Construction  and  Operation— Oper- 
ation of  the  Pilot  and  Main  Valve— Details  of  the 
Highest  Type  of  Passenger  Elevator— Care  and 
Management— Hand-Rope  Control  for  Freight 
Elevators— Pumps  and  Connections  Used  with 
"Safe  Lifters"— Locking  Device  for  Plunger 
Elevators. 

300  VMretf  0s9,  fully  aiostratod,  $2.60  not 
For  SaU  bp 

The  William  T.  Comstock  Co. 


23  W< 


Siroet,  New  York 


The  Modem  Home 

Edited  by  WALTER  SHAW  SPARROW 

A  Seak  of  British  DomestiG  Architectare 
fur  Moderate  looones 


CONTENTS. 

Pafire. 

Foreword  5 

Special     Plates     in     Color    and     Their 

Contributors 7 

List    of    Contributors    and     Table     of 

Black  and   White  Illustrations D 

Chapter  I.— The  Home  From  Outside, 
by     W.     H.     Bldlake,     M.     A., 

Architect   l.*> 

Illustrations  to  Chapter  1 33— 9(» 

Chapter  II.— The  Interior  and  Its  Fur- 
niture,     by      Halsey      Rlcardo, 

Architect    97 

Illustrations  to  Chapter  II 10.")— 13(> 

Chapter  lU. — Some  Decorative  Essen- 
tials, by  John  Cash,  Architect..  137 

Illustrations  to  Chapter  II 145— 1(>U 

Chapter  IV.— Sanitation,  by  John  Cash, 
Architect,  with  Two  Illustra- 
tions Showing:  a  Drainage  Plan 
and    the    Essential   Features   of 

Types   of  Fittings KU 

The  Contributors  to  this  work  are  among 
the  most  eminent  men  In  the  profession, 
and  the  numerous  Illustrations  call  atten- 
tion to  various  types  of  the  best  con- 
temporary designs  In  British  Architecture 
and  Decoration.  It  is  a  work  that  will 
appeal  to  every  Home-builder  and  Archi- 
tects will  find  it  most  suggestive. 

The  book  is  beautifully  Illustrated  with 
many  colored  plates,  beside  a  large  num- 
ber in  Black  and  White,  together  with 
floor  plans  and  descriptive  text,  to  which 
is  added  much  In  the  way  of  suggestion 
as  to  the  furnishing,  decoration,  etc. 

Every  Architect  and  home-builder  should 
secure  a  copy  of  this  work. 


Bound  In  Art  LInent  making:  a  book  of 
176  pagesy  42  full  pages  In  color 


Net   Price,   $3.00 


The  William  T.  Comstock  Co. 

23  WARREN  STREET,  NEW  YORK 


When  writing  Advertisers,   please  mention   Architecture   and   Building. 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PIRBPROOF  WINDOWS. 

DahUtrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,  N.  T. 
Knobum  Company, 

359-368  14tta  St.,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 
Pemeroy  Co.  (Inc.),  S.  H.  .427  W.  ISth  St,  N.  T. 
Volgtmann  A  Co.,  427  W.   IStb  St.   New  York. 

FIXTURES,   OAS  AND   BLBCTRIC. 
Consolidated    Chandelier    Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St,  N.  Y. 

FLOORING— Stone,  Hardwood,  etc. 

Marbleloid  Co.,  The Marbridge  Bldg.,  N.  Y. 

FLOOR   AND    WOODWORK    POLISH. 

Felton.  Sibley  k  Co..  .l.'M  N.  4tb  St.  PhUa.,  Pa. 

FLUSHOVALVES. 
Flushovalye   Co., 

71   Greenwich  Ave.,   New  York  City 

FURNITURE,  HALL  AND  GARDEN 

American    Garden    Beautifying    Co.,    The 

300  Schenck  Ave.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

OARAOB  GASOLENE  TANKS. 

Bowser  ft  Go..  Inc.,  S.  F Ft  Wayne,  Ind. 

GAS  AND  ELECTRIC  FIXTURES. 
Consolidated   Chandelier   Co.. 

132-186  W.  14th  St.  N.  Y. 

GLASS— Plate,  Vault  Ornamental. 

ShoeBiaker.  Ben].  H...20B  N.  4th  St.  PliUa.,  Pa. 

GRAPHITE  PAINT. 

DlzoB  Cnielble  Co..  Jos Jersey  City.  N.  J. 

HANGERS— Honse.  Bam  Door. 

Lane  Bros.  Co Pougbkeepsle,  N.  Y. 

HARDWARE. 

OklMCO  Sprint  Butt  Co..  Chlcaco,  III.;  New  York 

Ires  OOb,  The  H.  B New  Haven.  Conn. 

■taBley  Works,  The.  Dept  B. 

N«w  Britain,  Conn.,  and  79  Chambers  St.  N.  Y. 

HEATING  APPIJANCE&     (Also  see  BoUors.; 

Boyd   Equipment  Co... 873   Fourth   Ave.,   N.   Y. 
uorton  *  Ladgerwood  Co..9tf  Liberty  Bt,  N.  k. 

HINGES— Spring,  Ballbearing.  Etc. 

Bommer  Broe...2§7  Classen  Av.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Chloaco  Spring  Butt  Co.. 

Chicago,  111.:  New  York. 
Stanley  Works,  The New  Britain,   Conn. 

HOLLOW  TILE. 

Carter,    Black  A   Ayers..ll82   Broadway,   N.   Y. 

HOT-WATBR  BOILERS— Copper. 
Badger  A  Sons  Co..  B.  H., 

63-75  Pitt  St,  Boston,   Mass. 

IRON   WORK— Ornamental   and   Structural. 
Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John 

144-6-8  Clay  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

JAIL  AND  PRISON  WORK. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  0. 

JOIST  HANGERa-(Steal). 

Lane  Bros.  Go Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co .Cleveland,  O. 


UGHTING  FIXTURES— Gas  and   Elfctrlr 

Black  &   Boyd   Mfg.    Co... 23   E.   22d   St.   N.    Y. 
Consolidated  Chandelier  Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St,  N.  Y. 

LIGHTNING  RODS. 

Jones,  T.  W 22  Burling  Slip.  N.  Y. 

Washbume  A  Co.,  E.  G..209  Fulton  St.  N.  Y. 

LIME. 

Famum   Cheshire  Lime   Co., 

39  Cortlandt  St.  N.   Y 

LOCKS,    ETC. 

Xorwalk  Lock  Company.  .South   Norwalk,   Conn. 

MANTELS,    FIREPLACES,    ETC. 

Jackson    Co.,    Wm.    H. .  .2    W.    47th    St.,    N.    Y. 

MARBLE   WORKERS. 

Cork  &   Zlcba  Marble   Co., 

325-327   B.   Q4th    St.   New   York 
Voska,  Foelsch  A  Sidlo.  Mills  St,  Astoria,  N.  Y. 

METAL  CEILINO& 

Berger    Mtg.  Co.,   The Oanton,   O. 

METAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Oahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

359-868  14th  St.  Hoboken.  N.  J. 

METAL   LATHING. 

Greenfield,  Inc.,  Arthur. ..  .204  E.  26th  St.  N.  Y. 

METAL  LOCKERS. 

Darby  &  Sons  Co.,  Inc.,  Edward, 

228  Arch   St,   Philadelphia,   Pa. 

METAL  LUMBER. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

METALUC   OFFICE   FURNITURE. 

Berger  Mtg.  Co.,  The Oantoo,  O. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Clevelaad,  0. 

METAL   SASH   AND   FRAMES. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co... Jamestown.  N.  Y. 

Knobnm  Company 240  Uth  Ave..  N.  Y. 

Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.).  S.  H...427  W.  18th  St,  N.Y. 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy  Co.,  (Inc.),  T.  H.  427  W.  18th  St,  N.  Y. 
Volgtmann  ft  0>.,  427  W.  18th  St,  New  York. 

MINERAL  WOOL. 

U.  S.  Mineral  Wool  Co 140  (3edar  St,  N.  Y. 

MODELS— PLASTER,    CEMENT.    ETC. 
Walsh,   Dominic  A.. 

461    Cortland    St,    Belleville,    N.    J. 

PAINTING  CONTRACTORS. 

Coleman  &  Bro.,  J.,  1835  Lexington  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
Grimmer  8t  Son,  Charles.. 230  E.  37tb  St.  N.  Y. 

PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRESERVING  IRON 
AND  STEEL. 
DIzon  Crudble  Co..  Joe Jersey  Oltj,  N.  J. 

PAINTS.  OILS,  VARNISHES,  WOOD  FILLING.  «t«. 

Dixon  Cruoible  Co.,  Joe Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

Felton.  Sibley  9t  Co.. 

186  N.  4th  St.  PhlladelphiA,  Pa. 

PLASTER  WORK— Plain,  Ornamental. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDINC- 


For  thirty  years  the  Ilrm  of  Charles  Grimmer  6,  Sod  has  beea  koown  to  yoa 
as  Painters.  Recently  we  have  acquired  the  business  of  the  W.  Ludwitf 
Schultze  Co.,  the  well  known  Decorators.  In  our  tliree  new  baildintfs  we  now 
have  facilities  for  doing  the  same  high  class  Cabinet  Wood-Woru  and  Up- 
holstery as  we  have  for  Painting. 

A  line  of  inquiry  brings  a  representative,  or  we  should  be  glad  to  welcome 
yoa  at  onr  extensive  factories  and  our  beautiful,  new  showrooms,  where  we 
carry  the  largest  and  most  select  stock  in  New  York,  of  Wall  Papers,  Mantels, 
Andirons.  Electric  Fixtures,  Fabrics.  Furniture.  Mirrors,  Antiques,  Clocks, 
Candlesticks,  Lamps  and  Pillows. 

Ol^lra  (Srtmttur  $c  9an 

T.l.fbn.1. 1ta~na  huim>  Snm.  230-Z34  Eut  37tli  Sireel,  HEW  YOBK 


Bricklaying,  Tile  Work  and  Masonry 


Bricklaylnii 

An  up-iD-date  work  Btaowlng  tbe  best  methods  at 
con  EI  rue  Mod.  PART  I.— Tr»IB  of  Tools:  Luflng 
HDd  SEiilDg  or  Work:  Mixing  Concretes  and  Mor- 
urs;  l<Yant  Work;  Cblmneys  and  Flues:  bIbo  Qen- 
era]  Importaat  Details  of  Brlck«ork.  PART  II.— 
Sborlas:  N««dllDg:  Underplunltig.  By  Owen  &. 
Maglnnls.  illUBlrsted  by  130  euta.  Clotb. 
Price   $1.60 

Rudimeats  of   Practical  Brick- 
layinfE 

General  Principles:  Drawing.  Cutilng  and  Set- 
ting: Pointing:  ParlDB.  Tiling,  ftc.  By  Adim 
Hammond.  With  CS  Woodcuts (.60 

Bricks  and  Tiles 

,  Treatliie  on  the  Manufacture:  coulalnlDg  an  out- 
line or  Brlckmaklng.  By  E.  Dobaan.  M.  R.  T.  B. 
A.  Additions  by  C.  Tomllnson,  F.  R.  S.  Dlua- 
t  rated tl.» 

The  Practical  Brick  aod  Tile 
Book 

Brick  and  Tile  Making,  by  E.  Dobaon,  Practical 
Bricklaying,  by  A.  Hiimmand:  Brictceutting  and 
SettlDg.  by  A.  Hammond,  .kW  pp.  with  370  11- 
luBtratlona $2.40 


Brickwork 

Embodying  the  General  and  HIgber  Prlndplee  oC 
Bricklaying.  Cutting  and  Setting:  witb  the  Appli- 
ratlnn  or  O?omeiry  to  Root  Tiling,  &c.  By  F. 
Walker 4,S0 

Practical  Masonry 

A  Guide  to  tbe  Art  of  Stone  Cutting.     Comprising 

Stalra,  Arcbes.  NIcbeB,  Domes,  ftc.  SO  Litho- 
graphic Plalea.  By  Wm.  R.  Purchaae.  Royal 
a™,    clotb.      Price $3.00 

AH  of  PracUcal  Brick  CuttlDfE 
and  Settlntf 

By  Adam  Hammond.  Wltb  90  Engravings $.$0 

Brickwork  and  Masonry 


in  brick  and  stone.  By  Cbaa.  »•,  Mitchell.  With 
nearly  lUxi  llluatvatlons.  Second  edition,  revised 
and  enlarged.   Cloth.   Price,   net $3a» 

Masonry  aod  Stone  Cuftlnit 

Tbe  prlnrlplee  ot  Maaonlc  Projection  and  tbelr 
application   to  Construction.      By   Edward   Dobson, 


The  William  T.  Gomstock  Company  ^ 


34  East  29th  Street.    New  York  | 


writing  AdvertlBers,   please 


1  Architecture  and  Building. 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PLUMBERS. 

Boyd    Equipment   Co...37wi    Fourth    Ave..    N.    Y. 
Knight  &   Son,  J.  M 221  W.  49th  St.,  N.  Y. 

PLUMBBB8'   WARB8.— Bath-Tubt,    CloMU.    Drtnk- 

iag    FWinteiiis,     LaTStortea,    Lanndrr    Talm. 
Raiic*  Olofltfts,  Sinks.  Urinals. 
FlushovalTe  Co  71  Greenwich  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

PORTL.AND   CEMENT. 

PRESS  CUPPINGS. 

United  States  Press  Clipping  Bureau,  The. 

State  ft  Adams  Sts..  Chicago^    III. 

PRONG  LOCK,  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co..  The Canton.  O. 

PUBLISHERS. 

Comstock  Co..  The  W.  T..28  Warren  St..   .N     Y 

Concrete    Age.    The Atlanta.    Georgia 

Manual  Arts  Press,  The, 

800  German  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria,  111. 

PULLETS. 

Grant  Pnlley  Jk  Hardware  Co., 

S   W.   29th   St..    N.    Y. 

REFRIGERATORS.    PORCELAIN.    ETC. 

Tettenborn    Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati,     O. 

White  Enamel   Refrigerator  Co.   of  New  York, 

50  W.    12d   St..    New   York 

RINGS— Bridle,  Corner  Brace  (Bridle),  Sebco  Aerial. 
SUr  Expansion  Bolt  Co.  .147-149  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 

ROLLING   DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS— Steel. 
Grant    Pulley    and    Hardware    Co., 

8   W.   29th    St.«    New   York    City. 
Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,   James  G., 

8  W.  29th  St.,  New  York 

ROOnNG  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Barrett  Mtg.  Co New  York.  N.  T. 

SANITARY   SPECIALTIES. 

A.  P.  W.  Paper  Co Albany,  N.  Y. 

BASH  OHAINS. 

Morton,  Thomas 169  Elm  St.  N.  Y. 

■A8H  CORDS. 

niTor  Lake  Co Boston,  Mass. 

BASH  LOCKS. 

ITOS  Oo.,  The  H.  B New  Haven,  Conn. 

■ASH  PULLEYS— Iron,  Brass,  Bronsa. 
Grant  Pulley  A  Hardware  Co., 

8  W.  29th  St..  N.  Y. 

SELF-CLINCHING  NAILS. 

Self-Clinching  Nail  Co Philadelphia.  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIFTS. 

Bpeldel.  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

Tha  Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton.  O. 

SIGNS.    CHANGEABLE.    ETC. 
U.   S.  Changeable  Sign   Co.. 

3  W.   29th  St..   New  York 

SKYLIGHTS. 

Architectural    Metal    Works, 

1192-1194   2d    Ave.,    New    York. 

SNOW  GUARD 

Folsom   Snow  Guard  Co., 

Roellndale  (Boston),   Mass. 


SPRING  HINGES. 

Bommer  Bros 257  Classen  ATe.»  BUyn,  N.  T. 

Chleago  Spring  Butt  Co., 

Chicago.  III.:  New  York. 

SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 

Providence,    R.    I. 
Roekwood  Sprinkler  Co...  128  William  St..  N.  > 
Vogel  Co.,  H.  0 12  Walker  St..  N.  Y. 

STEEL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland.  O. 

STEEL  JOIST  HANGERS. 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsle,  N.   Y 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Clevelaad.  O. 

STUCCO. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison.  N.  J. 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (Automatic). 

Lane  Broe.   Co Poughkeepsle.    N.    Y. 

TERRA  COTTA. 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  0>...lll   Brosdwuy.  N.  Y. 
New  York  Architectural   Terra  Cotta  Co., 

401  Vernon  Ave.,   Long  Island  City.   N.   Y. 
Northwestern  Terra   Cotta  Co. 

1000  Clybouro  Ave..  Chicaao 

VALVES. 

Flushovalve  Co 71  Greenwich  Ave.,  N.   Y. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton.   O. 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Co. 

262  Monitor  St.,   Brooklyn.   N.  Y. 

VENTILATING   LOCKS. 

H.    B.    Ives    Co.,    The New    Haven,    Conn. 

VENTILATING   RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy.  N.  T. 

VENTILATORS. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N«  Y. 

Washburne  A  Co..  E.  G...209  Fulton  St.,  N.  Y. 

WALL  FINISHES— FLAT,    ETC. 
Keystone   Varnish   Co., 

71  Otsego  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison.  N.  J. 

WATER    FILTERS. 

Loomis-Manning  Filter  Co., 

828  Land  Title  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

WEATHER   VANES. 

Jones,  Thos.  W 158  Maiden  Lane,  N.  Y. 

Washburne  A  Co..   E.   G., 

209  Fulton  St.,   N.   Y. 

WINDOW  STOP  ADJUSTERS  AND  VENTILATING 
LOCKS. 
Ives  Co.,  The  H.  B New  Haven,  Conn. 

WIRE  ROPE. 

Broderick  £  Bascom  Rope  Co.. 

809  North  Main  St.,  St  Louis.  Mo. 

WOOD-WORKING  MACHINERY. 
Barnes  Co.,  W.  F.  A  John, 

506  Ruby  St..  Rockford.   m 


ETTsnnsnni 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING.  13 

The  Dahlstrom  Products 

in  the 

Millionaires' 
Apartments 

In  this  issue  of  Archi- 
tecture and  Building  there 
are  interior  views  of  the 
Millionaires*  Apartments — 
conceded  to  be  the  finest 
apartments  in  the  world. 

The  Dahlstrom  Prod- 
ucts are  to  be  found 
throughout  the  apartments 
— wherever  there  was  a 
call  for  interior  trim. 

This  installation  bears  a 
double  significance.  The 
structure  has  been  erected 
upon  the  unit  idea 
of  construction.  The  apart- 
ments are  as  separate  build- 
ings blocks  down  the  street. 

In  case  of  fire  it  is  confined  to  the  apartment  in  which  the  flames  originated. 

To  accomplish  this  unit  idea  of  construction  and  to  keep  the    quality    of  the 

interior  trim  in  accord  with  the  other  features  of  the  apartments  the  Dahlstrom 

Products  were  used  throughout. 

Complete  Literature   Upon  Request 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Company 

Executive  Offices  and  Factories 
68  Blackstone  Avenue  Jamestown,  New  York 

Branch  Offices  In  all  PHnclpal  Citlea 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


Modem  School  Buildings 

A  Collection  of  150  Pages  of  Illustrations  of  Recently  Con- 
structed School  Houses,  from  the  Small  School  to  the 
Normal  and  Technical  Schools,  Ranging  in 
Price  from  $20,000.00  to  $500,000.00 

Supplemented  with  a  Series  of  Articles  by 
PROF.  A.  D.  F.  HAMLIN,  Columbia  University 
WM.  J.  ITTNER,  Architect,  Board  of  Education,  St.  Louis 
C.  B.  J.  SNYDER,  Architect,  Board  of  Education,  N.  Y. 
FRANK  G.  McCANN,  Heating  and  Ventilating  Engineer 
and  many  other  prominent  authorities 

The  useful,  practical  information  will  be  of  great  value  to  Architects, 
School  Boards,  Superintendents  and  others  interested  in  the  subject  of 
school  designing.     Size  of  page  and  plates,  9  x  12. 
Cloth,  Price,  $7.50 

THE  WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY,  PubUsher 

23  WARREN  STREET,  NEW  YORK 

When  writing  AdvertlBers,   please  mention   Architecture  and   BulldinB. 


r 


ARCHITECTURE. AND   BUILDING: 


When   writing  AdvertlBers,    please   mention    Architecture   and    Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


llSPRIHBHIIICla 


r 


ARE   QUALITY    GOODS 

But  cost  no  more  than  inferior  kind) 


DONT  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  wden  specify- 
ing spring;  hin^s,  which  of  ill  hardware  perform 
the  hardest  work.  Bomnier  Sprirg  Hinges  never 
fail  to  pvr  satisfaction,  and  have  withstood  the 
test  of  time.  The  Bpringa  never  go  lame. 
"Practically  Unbreakable,"  saya  the  World's 
Fair  Award,  Chicago,  1893. 

All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Them 

BOMMER  BROS..  Mln.,  BiooMrii.  N.  Y. E«.  W^6 


Architecture  ^nd  Building 

A  Magazine  Devoted  to  Contemporary  Architectural  Construction 


Volume  XLIV. 


MARCH,    1912 


Number  3 


THE  MULTIPLE  RESIDENCE 

An  Essay,  with  a  Description  of 
NUMBER    998    FIFTH    AVENUE 

McKIM,  MEAD  &  WHITE.  Architects. 


THOUGH  under  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  Tenement  House  Department  of 
the  Borough  of  Manhattan,  and  classi- 
fied in  the  same  category  as  all  other 
buildings  which  house  three  or  more 
families  under  one  roof,  the  build- 
ing which  is  the  subject  of  illustration 
in  this  article  exemplifies  a  high  ideal 
that  its  prosaic  classification  does  not 
indicate.  We  have  called  it  a  "multiple 
residence"  and  we  have  chosen  this 
term  because  we  feel  that  the  ordinary 
apartment  house,  which  is  of  course  a 
collection  of  private  dwellings  under  one 
roof,  has  been  exceeded  in  form,  thor- 
oughness of  construction,  amplitude  of 
individual  units,  service,  and  most  of  all 
in  the  spirit  and  aim  of  its  construction. 
998  Fifth  Avenue  can  be  called  without 
exaggeration  the  most  highly  specialized 
apartment  that  is  now  in  existence. 
There  are  individual  buildings  which  ex- 
ceed it  in  size;  others  which  are  fully 
its  equal  in  equipment,  accommodation 
and  magnificence  of  structure.  But,  be- 
ing equal  to  all  others  from  a  material 
standpoint,  it  exceeds  all  others  in  its 
popularly  esteemed  location,  which  bears 
a  significance  in  connection  with  the 
building  ranking  it  the  most  magnificent 
of  its  class. 

The  popular  attitude  toward  the  apart- 
ment   house    has    undergone    a    rapid 


change  even  in  a  decade.  With  that  atti- 
tude there  has  been  a  development  in 
apartment  house  construction  which, 
making  use  of  every  available  modern 
appliance  for  human  convenience  and 
comfort,  has  raised  the  finer  examples  of 
apartment  house  buildings  to  a  standard 
which  may  be  looked  upon  as  being  the 
most  perfected  of  human  abiding  places 
from  a  mechanical  standpoint. 

The  elemental  idea  of  a  flat,  tenement 
or  apartment  house  has  been  one  of  a 
combined  or  cooperative  dwelling  in 
which  many  families  could  live  in  small 
quarters  and  with  an  economy  impossi- 
ble in  an  individual  city  dwelling.  As 
cities  have  grown,  the  multiple  dwelling 
has  been  developed,  and  starting  in 
smaller  towns  with  a  two  or  three  family 
house,  we  find  a  gradual  aggrandize- 
ment of  the  idea  until  in  New  York,  the 
most  crowded  and  concentrated  city  of 
America,  we  find  its  highest  develop- 
ment. 

Some  day  a  history  of  the  apartment 
house  will  be  written,  and  its  legend  will 
be  a  long  and  interesting  one,  taking  its 
students  back  to  the  fiw^  and  six  story 
dwellings  of  the  Trans-Tiber  where  the 
populace  huddled  when  Rome  was  ruled 
by  the  emperors.  The  controlling  ele- 
ment was  then,  and  will  always  be,  con- 
gestion   of    population    and    increasing 


92 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


land  values.  In  the  Medieval  capitols 
we  will  find  a  phase  of  the  apartment 
house  in  the  dwelling  of  the  merchant, 
where,  harbored  under  one  roof,  there 
were  his  shop,  his  dwelling,  and  the  liv- 
ing quarters  of  his  employees — appren- 
tices and  laborers — and  their  families. 
In  New  York  City  in  a  few  decades  a 
panoramic  view  of  the  whole  develop- 
ment may. almost  be  seen. 

Twenty-five  years  ago  an  apartment 
house  was  not  considered  the  most  de- 
sirable place  of  abode.  The  private 
house  was  the  chosen  dwelling  of  peo- 


ple of  moderate  means;  the  wealthy 
built  their  mansions  on  Fifth  Avenue. 
Some  apartments  were  built  which  were 
of  high  standard  for  their  time,  but  they 
lacked  the  modern  improvements  which 
make  the  present-day  apartment  house 
the  ideal  city  dwelling.  Steam  heat  was 
unusual;  service  was  unthought  of,  ex- 
cept for  the  speaking  tube  and  the  dumb- 
waiter; elevators  were  unknown;  dark 
windowless  bedrooms  were  considered 
an  unavoidable  feature.  There  was  lit- 
tle difference  between  the  apartments 
considered  of  high  class  and  the  tene- 


FIRST   STORY    PLAN.      APARTMENTS  AT  998  FIFTH  AVENUE. 

McKlm.  Mead  &  White.  ArchltecU. 


998  FIFTH    AVF.XUE, 


APARTMENTS    AT    998    FIFTH    AV 

BuUdera:   Century   Holdine   Co. 

Cut    Stone    Contractors:    Henry    Hanleln  &  Son. 

Architectural    Terra-Cotta;    New    York    Architectural    Terra-C 

Panel  Boards:   MctropolUan  Electric  Mfg.  Co. 

plumbinB  Contractors:  J.  N.  Knight  &  Son. 

Window  Glass:  M,   Arnsteln. 

A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevators. 

Hardware:  Nor  walk  Lock  Co. 

Hollow  Metal  Doors  and  Trim:  Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co. 

RefrlEeratora:  White  Enamel  Refrigerator  Co.,  of  New  Yorl< 

Hardwood    Floors:    Hasbrouck    Flooring    Co.,  Inc. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


PT  r:».NF2  or  rfTTH  avchue 

A   COMWTRL'CTrON   DRT.M 
relBhts. 


McKiin.   M>-ad   &   White. 


998   FIFTH  AVENUE. 


5*iJi^ 


ARCHITECTURE   ASD   BUILDING. 


;H8  Iron  Works,  1 
-   Hanlein   &.   Son. 


.   FIFTH   AIT.A-Un. 


11 


98 


ment  of  the  East  Side.    Their 

ences   were   about  the   same  and  their 

p'anning  equally  poor. 

As  the  population  concentrated  and 
land  values  rose  in  New  York  City, 
the  demand  increased,  and  better 
apartment  houses  were  built  which 
kept  pace  with  the  modern  inven- 
tions and  made  the  fullest  use  of  them. 
The  movement  has  gone  forward  with 
giant  strides  in  the  last  decade  with  a 
resulting  change  in  the  popular  attitude 
toward  the  apartment  house  as  a  dwell- 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


ing.  Restricted  sections  of  the  city, 
previously  withheld  for  residential  pur- 
poses where  only  private  houses  might 
be  built,  have  rapidly  changed,  spring- 
ing up  as  with  a  mushroom  growth  into 
lofty  apartment  structures  into  which 
the  families  of  the  house-holders  have 
willingly  moved  as  finding  in  them  a 
more  convenient  form  of  abode. 

Fifth  Avenue  has  been  regarded  for 
many  years  as  the  finest  street  in  Amer- 
ica. On  it  have  been  built  the  palaces 
of  our  wealthiest  citizens.     Society  has 


TYPICAL  STORY  PLAN  SHOWING  A 


McK<m,  Mead  &    1 


998   FIFTH   AVENUE. 


II? 


III 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


L  RECEPTION  ROOM    PANELLED  IN   HARDWOOD, 


Hardwood  Doora  made  by  the  Iroquois  Door 
Hardware:  Norwalk  Lock  Co. 

reigned  supreme  and  held  it  for  its  own. 
With  the  ever-encroaching  invasion  of 
busine:^s  from  the  south,  however,  its 
residential  section  has  gradually  shrunk 
away  from  below  59th  Street,  which 
would  seem  to  be  a  natural  barrier 
a,crainst  the  further  encroachment  of 
business  on  the  Avenue.  Upper  Fifth 
Avenue,  facing  the  park,  has  filled  up 
gradually  with  magnificent  residences, 
the  dwellings  of  the  most  wealthy.  That 
it  has  been  invaded  by  an  apartment 
house  is,  tu  our  mind,  in  no  sense  a 
detriment,  but  merely  an  indication  of 
the  spirit  and  demand  of  the  times  in 
which  we  live. 

998  Fifth  Avenue  is  a  building  con- 
taining seventeen  private  dwellings  in 
one  structure.  It  is  a  suitable  structure 
to  its  location  and  its  apartments  are  de- 


iVhite.  Architects 

signed  for  the  residential  use  of  those 
who  could  aflford  to  own  Fifth  Avenue 
residences  and  maintain  them.  As  a 
structure  it  offers  to  the  dweller  therein 
every  convenience  of  a  very  large  pri- 
vate house,  and  eliminates  many  of  the 
disadvantages  of  the  individually  main- 
tained city  dwelling. 

Our  description  of  the  building  itself 
is  largely  pictorial.  The  plans  show  the 
arrangement  of  the  apartments  with 
the  exception  of  some  special  suites 
which  occupy  larger  space.  The  typical 
arrangement  is  that  of  three  apartments 
on  two  stories— two  apartments  occupy- 
ing a  portion  of  a  single  floor  and  one 
duplex  apartment,  the  chambers  of 
which  are  in  the  story  abo\e. 

The  exterior  is  of  limestone  of  a  dig- 


998  FIFTH   AVENUE. 


THE    INTERIOR    COITRT.    LINED    1 
New  York  Architectural  Tprro-Cotta  Co. 


nified  design.  Tlie  approach  is  such  as 
might  be  appropriate  to  a  large  city 
mansion,  amplified  slightly  to  meet  the 
requirements.  In  finish,  the  lobby  and 
elevator  hall  is  in  keeping  with  what 
might  be  expected  in  a  dignified  and 
tastefully  decorated  city  residence.  In 
the  apartments  themselves,  free  rein  is, 
of  course,  given  to  the  individual  taste 
of  those  who  dwell  in  them. 


The  builders  of  998  Fifth  Avenue 
were  the  Century  Holding  Co,  Henry 
Hanlein  &  Son  were  the  cut  stone  con- 
tractors. The  arcliitectnral  terra-cotta 
was  supplied  by  the  New  York 
Architectural  Terra  -  Cotta  Company. 
The  ornamental  iron  work  was  done 
by   the    Harris    H.    Uris    Iron    Works. 


Inc.  A,  B.  See  electric  elevators 
were  used,  and  the  panel  boards  were 
put  in  by  the  Metropolitan  Electric  Man- 
ufacturing Co.  The  plumbing  contrac- 
tors were  J.  N.  Knight  and  Son,  and 
the  refrigerators  throughout  were  built 
by  the  White  Enamel  Refrigerator  Co. 
of  N.  Y,  The  gas  ranges  were  made 
by  Court  &  Beals.  Sanborn  sectional 
sash  weights  were  used,  and  Grant  sash 
pulleys.  Hollow  metal  doors  and  trim 
were  put  in  by  the  Dahlstrom  Metallic 
Door  Co.  The  veneered  hardwood  doors 
were  manufactured  by  the  Iroquois 
Door  Co.,  and  the  Norwalk  Lock  Com- 
pany installed  all  (he  hardware,  William 
H.  Jackson  Company  put  in  the  mantel- 
pieces and  fireplaces.  The  Hashrouck 
Flooring  Co..  Inc.,  put  in  the  hardwood 
flooring. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDISG. 


LINDEN   BAPTIST  CHURCH,  CAMDEN,  N.  I. 

ARTHUR  TRUSCOTT  ARNOLD  H.   MOSES 

Asaoclate  Archltecta. 


THE  recently  erected  building  for 
the  Linden  Baptist  Church  joins  a 
large  structure,  known  as  the  Bible 
school,  which  was  built  about  six  years 
ago  and  formerly  used  for  all  church 
purposes.  This  church  building  is  rec- 
tangular in  plan,  76  feet  long  on  9th 
Street  by  88  feet  deep  on  Linden  Street. 
and  has  a  seating  capacity  of  about  600. 
The  platform  or  rostrum  is  directly 
opposite  the  Linden  Street  entrance, 
while  the  choir  and  baptistry  are  on  the 
left-hand  side  as  one  faces  the  rostrum. 
The  main  feature  of  the  building  is 
the  great  dome  covering  the  entire  audi- 
torium. This  dome  is  supported  by  six- 
teen pillars,  octagonal  in  plan.  32  feet  in 


height.  ^2'/i  inches  in  their  greatest 
diameter  and  built  up  of  reinforced, 
poured  concrete.  The  dome  is  27  feet 
high  from  the  springing  line  to  the 
crown  and  has  a  radius  of  36  feet 
2^1  inches,  the  diameter  at  the  top 
of  the  columns  being  72  feet  5 
inches.  The  concrete  slabs  and  the 
roof  covering  of  the  dome  are  carried 
on  sixteen  10  by  12-inch  curved  rafters 
of  wood,  built  up  of  i-inch  yellow  pine 
boards,  curved  to  the  desired  radius  and 
maintained  at  that  radius  by  •)^-inch 
bolts  staggered  throughout  the  rafter 
lengths.  .After  the  rafters  were  erected, 
three  sets  of  draw-bolts,  i  inch  in  di- 
ameter for  the  two  upper  ones  and  i^ 


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IITECTURE 

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BUILDING. 

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UNDEN   BAPTIST   CHURCH. 


LINDEN  BAPTIST  CHURCH,   CAMDEN,  N.  J, 
Arnold  H.  Moses  I 


106 


ARCHITECTURU.    ^ND    BUILDING. 


inches  for  the  lower  ones,  were  placed 
through  them,  as  shown  in  the  accom- 
panying detail  drawings. 

These  curved  rafters  carrying  the 
dome  are  supported  at  the  base  in  a 
cast-iron  shoe,  bolted  to  a  concrete  ring 
resting  on  the  sixteen  columns.  The 
construction  of  this  shoe  and  of  the 
concrete  ring  is  also  shown  in  the  detail 
drawings.  The  thrust  from  the  rafters 
was  further  taken  up  by  means  of  tie- 
rods,  1%  inches  in  diameter,  placed  at 
the  back  of  the  shoes,  the  tension  being 
resisted  by  turnbuckles  between  each 
pair  of  rafters.  At  the  head  the  rafters 
are  bolted  to  a  steel  ring  made  up  of 
6  by  6  by   5^-inch   angle-irons.     These 


angle-irons  receive  not  only  the  ends  of 
the  rafters  but  the  circular  top  structure 
of  the  dome,  all  of  which  is  clearly  in- 
dicated in  the  detail  drawing.  This 
method  of  building  up  the  rafters 
proved  entirely  satisfactory ;  and  when 
they  were  raised  into  position  and  sub- 
jected to  tests,  they  were  found  to  be 
perfectly  rigid  and  to  conform  to  the 
true  curve. 

On  top  of  the  rafters  two  thicknesses 
of  r-inch  yellow  pine  boards  were  laid, 
the  joints  of  which  were  carefully 
broken.  These  boards  were  laid  straight 
with  the  ends  butted  against  strips 
placed  on  the  curved  rafters.  On  these 
boards   2  by   3-inch  cleats   were  nailed 


vM'TIST   CHURCH— INTERIOR. 


LINDEN   BAPTIST   CHURCH. 


108 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


to  hold  the  ends  of  the  concrete  slabs, 
and  then  the  entire  roof  surface  was 
covered  with  a  three-ply  layer  of  roofing 
felt,  carried  to  the  base  of  the  dome 
and  there  cemented  into  the  level  sur- 
face of  the  roof,  thus  guarding  against 
every  possibility  of  leakage.  On  this 
roofing  felt  fifteen  courses  of  concrete 
slabs  were  placed,  31  inches  in  width 
and  134  inches  in  thickness  and  varying 
in  length  from  yy  to  33  inches.  All  these 
slabs  and  hip  coverings  were  made  on 
the  premises  and  are  composed  of  one 
part  Portland  cement,  two  parts  bar 
sand  and  two  parts  of  y^-mch  trap-rock. 
The  materials  were  mixed  quite  wet  and 
reinforcements  of  No.  26  expanded- 
metal,  weighing  about  2j^  pounds  to  the 
square  foot,  were  used;  and  in  finishing 
the  slabs  a  dryer  of  one  part  Edison 
cement  and  one  part  bar  sand  was 
sprinkled  on  and  troweled  in,  great  care 
being  taken  to  have  all  the  surface  of 
the  slabs  well  troweled  and  smoothly 
finished. 

In  laying  the  covering  tiles,  those  at 
the  base  were  laid  first  where  there 
were  two  tiles  between  each  section  of 
the  dome,  the  central  joint  over  these 
being  covered  with  a  tile  similar  to  that 
used  over  the  rafters.  The  arrange- 
ment of  the  slabs  and  covering  tiles  is 
such  that  they  frequently  interlock  at  all 
joints  and  are,  therefore,  watertight. 

The  crown  of  the  dome  is  covered 
with  a  concrete  slab  which  was  formed 
in  place  and  which  is  about  10  feet  in 
diameter. 

The  interior  surface  of  the  dome  is 
coffered  or  finished  in  large  sunk  panels, 
false    ribs    being    placed    between    the 


rafters  and  being  of  the  same  general 
dimensions  as  those  of  the  rafters  them- 
selves. The  inner  surface  is  covered 
with  slow-burning  plaster-board,  while 
the   ribs   and   rafters   are   covered   with 

■ 

poplar  boards.  The  entire  interior  of 
the  dome  is  finished  in  white-lead  paint 
with  gold  decorations.  Below  the  dome, 
the  walls  are  painted  in  ivory  white, 
lightly  decorated  with  gold. 

The  seating  throughout  is  in  antique 
oak  with  a  dull  green  finish. 

A  rather  unique  method  of  electric 
lighting  is  used,  the  lights  being  en- 
closed in  large  glass  balls  suspended 
from  the  dome  and  the  ring  underneath. 

The  six  large  windows  on  the  street 
fronts  in  the  south  and  west  walls  are 
filled  with  white  glass  in  Roman  lattice 
lead-work.  In  this  field  of  white  glass 
are  set  designs  in  color,  symbolizing  the 
history  of  the  world  and  the  Church,  be- 
ginning with  the  Creation  and  the 
Fall  and  ending  with  the  Church  Tri- 
umphant, or  the  New  Jerusalem.  The 
motifs  for  the  designs  are  found  in  the 
events  of  God's  dealings  with  His  people 
in  the  Old  and  New  Covenant.  Eden, 
the  Flood,  Melchizedek,  Abraham,  the 
Sojourn  in  Eg>^ptj  the  Judges,  the 
Prophets  and  the  Kings  furnish  themes 
from  the  Old;  and  the  Life  of  Christ, 
His  birth,  miracles,  crucifixion  and  resur- 
rection, the  Early  Church,  the  Apostles 
and  the  New  Jerusalem,  themes  from 
the  New. 

The  five  apse  windows  are  filled  with 
designs,  the  predominating  motifs  being 
the  vine  and  the  rose  surrounding  the 
Cross,  with  the  Candlesticks  of  Revela- 
tion. 


THE   HOLLOW-TILE   FIREPROOF   HOUSE 

ARTICLE  VI. 

By    FREDERICK   SQUIRES. 


AS  may  be  noticed  from  the  cliaracter 
of  the  illustrations,  the  object  of 
this  article  is  to  go  into  more  minute  de- 
tail than  was  pos.sible  in  the  last  issue 
about  the  surface  effect  of  the  "Texture- 
Tile"  wall  and  the  practical  methods  of 
obtaining  it.  A  few  words  will  then  be 
added  on  the  subject  of  more  complete 
fi  reproofing. 

The  first  picture  is  a  detail  of  the  porch 
side  of  the  Lyon  house,  which  was  illus.- 
trated  in  the  last  article.  It  is  note- 
worthy that  the  texture  of  the  wall  holds 
its  own  with  the  little  evergreen  plants — 
the  most  velvety  kind  of  foliage.  The 
combination  of  colors,  old  rose  and 
dark  green,  is  mutually  advantag- 
eous. The  picture  shows  the  varia- 
tion in  color  of  adjoining  blocks 
which  could  not  be  more  happily  obtained 
if  the  blocks  were  carefully  selected  in- 
stead of  being  used  as  tliey  happened  to 


come.  There  is.  to  the  pictured  wall,  a 
velvet  surface  from  the  millions  of  tiny 
shades  and  .shadows  cast  by  the  rough- 
ened faces  of  the  blocks.  The  wide,  un- 
even Joints  made  with  cement  and  cin- 
ders, are  in  character  with  the  wall,  and 
their  gray  color  does  not  mark  off  the 
units  too  sharply. 

The  tail-piece  of  this  article  shows  a 
good  piece  of  brick  work  of  the  same 
description — which  suffers,  however,  by 
the  minuteness  of  its  units.  It  takes  a 
sliaq)  eye  to  trace  out  the  delicate  brick 
bond  and  bands.  Yet  this  kind  of  a  sur- 
face is  a  step  in  the  right  direction.  The 
rough  slate  roof  is  in  better  scale  than 
the  brick  work. 

The  picture  of  the  inner  porch  wall  of 
the  Lyon  house  does  not  do  justice  to  the 
charm  of  the  reality.  Its  color  re- 
minds one  of  a  Royal  Bokhara  rug, 
and     the     appearance     of     the     surface 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDISC. 


THE  PORCH  OF  THK  LYON  HOUSE.      A  WALL.  LIKE  A  ROYAI.  BOKHARA  BUG. 


varies  from  that  of  the  rug  only  in 
the  rough  gray  mortar  joints.  Below  is 
a  good  piece  of  brick  work,  which,  how- 
ever, falls  short  of  the  wine-like  rich- 
ness of  the  "Texture- Tile."  The  brick  is 
as  long  as  the  tile,  but  not  so  high. 

The  working  drawings  which  follow 
are  given  to  explain  the  easiest  ways  of 
obtaining  a  good  "Texture-Tile"  build- 
ing. The  plan  shows  the  proper  position 
of  the  facing  and  backing,  and  is  figured 
to  tile  sizes.  A  setting  plan  should  accom- 
pany it,  showing  the  exact  number  of 
tiles  and  which  ones  are  omitted  for 
door  and  window  openings,  which  are 
always  in  tile  dimensions.  The  ele- 
vations showed  the  exact  number  of 
tiles  in  the  building,  but  the  setting  plan 
proved  of  greater  service  on  the  Job. 

There  has  grown  up  under  the  name  of 
"the  fireproof  house."  a  method  of  con- 


struction which  is  no  better  than  ihe  old 
brick  or  stone  house  of  fifty  years  ago, 
and  it  is  not  fireproof  at  all.  This  is  the 
terra-cotta  tile  house  with  wood  floors. 
Wood  floor  construction  costs  ten  cents  a 
square  foot,  and  fireproof  floors  about 
thirty.  This  means  that  a  two-story  house 
with  fifteen  hundred  square  feet  of  area 
per  floor,  could  be  adequately  protected 


THE  HOLLOW-TILE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE. 


FRONT  ELEVATION  OF  THE  HORACE  LVON  HOUSE. 


on  the  first  ami  second  stories  for  an  ad- 
ditional expense  of  $600  over  the  expense 
of  wood  construction.  In  order  to  make 
any  really  permanent  advance,  such  ma- 
sonry floors  are  absoUitely  necessary.  A 
masonry  roof  is  a  little  too  much  to  ex- 
pect of  the  rank  and  file  at  this  stage  of 
the  game.  It  must  be  nearly  flat,  and  flat- 
roof  designs  are  not  yet  popular.  This  is 
so  true  that  a  designer  will  draw  a  roof 
in  elevation  even  when  he  knows  that  it 
will  not  show  in  perspective.  But  if  we 
can  get  a  bnilding,  only  the  roof  of  which 
can  bum.  we  have  taken  a  long  step  in 


Frederick   Sijulre 

advance.  Some  powerful  designer  ought 
to  work  out  and,  by  its  beauty,  popularize 
the  flat-roof  type.  Some  day  this  will  be 
done. 

Ex-Fire  Chief  Croker,  in  a  recent  talk 
before  the  Gargoyle  Club,  said  that  dur- 
ing last  year  the  value  of  property  de- 
stroyed by  fire  was  equal  to  the  cost  of 
new  building.  This  is  a  terrifying  fact. 
That  the  entire  efforts  of  all  the  build- 
ers in  the  Uniled  States  were  set  at 
naught  by  the  short-sightedness  of  their 
methods  is  reason  enough  for  all  to  stop 
and  take  account  of  stock.     Recently  a 


REVERSE  ELEVATrON  OF  THE  HORACE  LYON  HOUSE. 


112 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUJLDING. 


SETTING   PLAN    FOR    THE    "TEXTURE-TILE." 


mmi0T  trm^t 


FIRST    STORY    PLAN    OF    THE    HORACE    LYON    HOUSE. 

Frederick  Squires,  Architect 


THE   HOLLOIV-TILE   FIREPROOF  HOUSE. 


113 


rich  American  brought  back  with  him 
from  Japan  the  entire  contents  of  a  Jap- 
anese room.  He  had  no  sooner  pre- 
pared an  appropriate  setting  for  these 
art  treasures  in  his  own  house  than  the 
entire  piace  was  burned  to  the  ground. 
No  insurance  adjuster,  however  fair,  can 
repay  that  man  for  his  loss. 

The  problem  of  reducing  the  cost  of  a 
masonry  floor  for  a  house  to  its  lowest 
terms  has  not  yet  been  solved  in  practice. 
The  concrete  beam  and  tile  construction 
is  not  the  cheapest  method  because  the 
tile  is  but  a  filler  to  give  depth  to  the 
beam,  and  after  the  beam  is  cast  it  is  use- 
ful <Mily  to  give  a  surface  for  plastering. 
This  tile  filler,  because  it  must  be  a  rect- 
angle, ties  the  construction  up  to  two 
forms — beams  running  in  one  direction, 
or  in  two  directions  at  right  angles  to 
each  other. 

Too  much  empliasis  has  been  placed  on 
obtaining  a  flat  surface  for  plastering. 
Either  the  expensive  and  otherwise  use- 
less tile  block  is  required,  or  when  plas- 
tering is  to  go  directly  on  concrete,  the 
aggregate  for  the  concrete  must  be  cin- 
ders, a  very  questionable  material  for  con- 
structive purposes.  That  such  indirect 
methods  should  be  used  in  the  interests 
of  plaster  presupposes  that  plaster  is  the 
most  desirable  material  to  expose  for  a 
ceiling.  This  was  true  up  to  a  recent 
date,  but  it  is  not  now  the  case.  Con- 
crete has  been  so  far  perfected  that  its 
appearance  is  better  than  plaster.  Com- 
pare a  plaster  cast  from  a  model  in  high 
relief  with  its  duplicate  in  concrete.  The 
plaster  by  comparison  is  cold  and  cheap. 
It  lacks  the  color,  the  texture,  and  even 
the  appearance  of  solidity  which  are  pres- 
ent in  a  high  degree  in  the  concrete 
image.  Architects  have  gone  so  far  as 
to  leave  off  the  hard  finishing  coat  of 
plaster  and  roughen  with  sand  the  final 
coat  in  order  to  get  away  from  the  star- 
ing dead  white  surface  of  common  plas- 
ter; when  not  roughened,  plaster  must 


be  tinted.  All  this  shows  that  the  ap- 
pearance of  plain-finished  plaster  work 
is  unsatisfactory.  The  same  is  true  when 
the  comparison  is  made  in  larger  sur- 
faces than  the  cast. 

When  the  question  of  elaborating  the 
architectural  effect  of  the  six  surfaces  of 
a  room  is  considered,  it  is  usually  the  ceil- 
ing which  receives  the  most  attention. 
This  is  true  alike  in  the  public  building — 
as  witness  the  ceilings  of  the  New  Thea- 
tre, the  New  York  Public  Library,  and 
the  waiting  room  of  the  Pennsylvania  sta- 
tion— in  the  city  house  and  in  the  country 
house.  It  is  an  accepted  principle  of  de- 
sign and  decoration.  The  designer  of  the 
public  work  may  execute  his  ceiling  in 
stone,  the  city  mansion  designer  in  plaster 


114 


ARCHITECTURE  AND    BUILDING. 


or  carved  wood  and  color,  and  the  coun- 
try-house architect  in  moulded  wood 
beams,  but  each  in  his  own  way  puts  the 
greatest  emphasis  of  his  interior  on  the 
ceiling.  This  is  true  now,  and  it  has  al- 
ways been  true. 

With  the  use  of  the  light-colored  ce- 
ments, concrete  has  advanced  rapidly  in 
beauty.  Since  concrete  is  a  combination 
of  cement,  sand,  and  stone,  there  is  no 
difficulty  in  obtaining  the  appearance  of 
certain  natural  stones,  say  marble,  for 
example,  by  mixing  broken  or  powdered 
marble  with  cement  and  sand.  Beautiful 
reproductions  of  marble  statuary  in  con- 
crete are  results  obtained  every  day.  The 
difference  in  cost  between  the  operations 
of  pouring  a  liquid  into  a  mold,  and  cut- 
ting the  same  outline  out  of  a  block  of 
stone  is  responsible  for  much  of  the  pres- 
ent-day activity  along  these  lines.  Most 
lovely  colors  are  easily  obtained.  The 
surface  is  dull  and  gives  a  chance  for  a 
display  of  the  softest  tones. 

It  is  with  concrete — a  material  which 
may  display  beautiful  stone  as  a  part  of 
itself — which  may  be  so  mixed  as  to  ob- 


tain beautiful  colors,  and  which  best  of 
all  will  take  the  form  of  any  mold,  how- 
ever elaborate — that  we  are  going  to  aid 
the  fireproofing  of  the  country  house. 

There  will  be  described  in  a  later  article 
a  recent  invention  in  floor  construction 
which"  involves  the  decoration  of  the  ceil- 
ing and  the  casting  of  the  constructive 
floor  in  the  same  operation,  and  which 
will  serve  to  reduce  the  cost  and  beautify 
the  fireproof  house. 

In  closing  this  article  it  may  be  said 
that  the  time  should  be  past  when  build- 
ers spend  their  whole  efforts  and  other 
people's  money  in  a  fight  to  build  houses 
as  fast  as  they  bum.  The  terra-cotta 
house  is  doing  a  real  service  to  the 
country  only  when  it  is,  or  tends  toward, 
greater  fireproofness  and  permanency.  To 
do  this,  we  have  succeeded  in  perfecting 
a  wall  construction  and  should  now  turn 
our  minds,  artistic  and  practical  and  in- 
ventive, toward  perfection  and  economy 
in  floor  and  roof  construction.  Mean- 
while, let  us  try  to  build  our  outside  walls, 
already  fireproof,  with  better  art. 
{To  be  continued.) 


AN  EXAMPLE  C 


J  BRICK  WORK. 


STUDENTS'    DETAILS   OF  CONSTRUCTION 


Architectural  Department,  University  of  Pennsylvania 


IN  the  June  and  September,  19 ii, 
numbers  of  Architecture  and  Build- 
ing, some  examples  of  students*  work  in 
architectural  construction  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  were  published  and 
attention  was  called  in  a  short  article 
accompanying  those  drawings  in  the 
June  issue  to  the  correlation  of  de- 
sign and  construction  in  the  schools 
of  architecture  of  the  United  States 
and  other  countries.  There  is  a 
constantly  increasing  tendency  to  em- 
phasize the  interdependence  of  design 
and  construction  and  we  are  enabled  to 
still  further  illustrate  this  fact  by  pub- 
lishing more  examples  of  the  work  of 
the  schools  selected  from  a  great  number 
of  problems. 

In  a  paper  by  Mr.  Beresford  Pite, 
F.  R.  I.  B.  A.,  recently  read  before 
the  London  Architectural  Association 
School,  on  "Building  Construction  as 
a  Features  of  Architectural  Educa- 
tion," Mr.  Pite  says  "The  history 
of  architecture  is  that  of  building 
construction,  the  means  being  involved  in 
the  consideration  of  the  end  attained. 
The  two  elements  of  architecture,  the 
purport  of  the  building,  which  involves 
the  civilization  of  the  race,  and  the  aes- 
thetic ideal  and  traditions  of  builders, 
both  finding  embodied  expression  in  con- 
struction. A  genuine  architecture  has 
neither  of  these  two  elements  singly,  as 
it  cannot  be  without  purpose  or  beauty: 
but  it  involves  their  combination  under 
the  conditions  of  the  science  of  building, 
and,  despite  the  tendency  of  books  of 
modern  architectural  history  tp  concen- 
trate attention  on  religious,  civic,  or  do- 
mestic habit,  or  upon  a  commerce  in  tra- 
ditional architectural  forms,  the  build- 
ing   construction    of    man    in    different 


countries,  and  ages,  is  the  field  of  the 
true  study  of  architectural  history." 

There  is  no  doubt  of  the  constant  in- 
crease in  the  amount  of  recognition 
given  to  the  working  out  of  the  design 
and  the  construction  at  the  same  time. 
It  is  acknowledged  that  courses  in  archi- 
tectural construction  in  the  schools  of 
architecture  are  of  the  greatest  value 
when  it  is  possible  to  take  up  with  them 
some  of  the  problems  of  design  which 
lend  themselves  more  readily  to  this 
treatment,  and  actually  construct  the 
work  on  paper  as  nearly  as  possible  as  it 
will  be  built. 

For  example,  in  the  school  of  architec- 
ture at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
in  Philadelphia,  in  the  course  in  building 
construction  which  continues  through 
two  years,  all  students,  in  addition  to  the 
lectures,  quizzes  and  ordinary  drawings 
in  the  elements  of  the  subject, are  required 
to  do  from  two  to  four  problems  during 
the  year  in  applying  the  principles  of 
architectural  construction  to  those  prob- 
lems in  design  which  they  have  already 
completed. 

The  subjects  published  in  this  issue 
are  a  private  garage,  built  in  reinforced 
concrete — two  designs  by  different  men 
— and  a  suburban  hospital.  The  prob- 
lem stated  in  regard  to  the  garage,  that 
it  was  to  be  erected  on  the  rear  part  of  a 
suburban  lot  and  approached  from  the 
front  street  by  a  driveway.  It  was  to  be 
a  concrete  building,  and  the  design  was 
to  be  appropriate  to  that  material. 

The  suburban  hospital,  which  is  illus- 
trated on  the  second  page  in  this  number, 
was  to  be  designed  for  a  small  com- 
munity and  was  to  accommodate  32  pa- 
tients in  public  wards  and  8  patients  in 
private  rooms. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


DETAILS  OF  COSSTRUCTIOS. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


~■.^V^^r^"^.-..•.■V.^'■■:^' 


DsBlKned  by  L«wla  B.  Walton. 


SWISS  CHALET    DESIGN 


By    WM.    S.    B. 

THE  chalet  interior  is  determined 
by  its  exterior.  Four  walls,  run- 
ning from  excavation  to  roof-line,  and 
capped  by  a  shallow,  double-pitched  roof 
— these  when  viewed  from  within  con- 
stitute its  sine  qua  non.  The  space  thus 
included  is  generally  partitioned  off  by 
one  or  more  cross-walls  locking  to- 
gether one  of  the  pairs  of  enclosing 
walls,  as  in  Fig.  29.  The  natural  (tri- 
partite) vertical  divi- 
sion of  the  interior, 
like  that  for  all  dwell- 
ing interiors,  —  that 
is,  the  earth  portion : 
FiK.  !9.  its    other    extreme, 

the  roof:  and,  thirdly,  the  space  between 
them — determines  the  character  of  the 
employment  to  which  these  portions  are 
to  be  assigned.  When  these  natural  div- 
isions are  more  definitely  marked  and 
determined  by  floors,  the  structural  in- 
terior becomes  still  more  affected,  as  in 
Fig.  30.    The  assignment  of  stories  cor- 


responds closely  to  that  in  America ;  that 
is,  the  cellar  (Kellar,  cave)  is  given  the 
storage,  heating  and  rough  work;  the 
first  floor  {res-dc'Chausse::.  Parterre)  is 
given  the  business  of  the  daily  life,  the 
social  business,  and  the  like;  the  second 
floor  (premitre  ctage,  ersle  Stock)  is  de- 
voted to  sleeping  chambers ;  and  the  roof 
story  {Dacli  Stock,  comblc)  is  given  up 
to  retirement,  storage,  etc. 


The  resultant  "compartmented"  struc- 
ture must  be  next  provided  with  a  means 
of  connection  between  the  interior  and 
the  outer  world,  at  a  point  near  the 
ground;  likewise,  similar  means  of  com- 
munication between  the  stories  and  the 
entrance.  In  the  Swiss  chalet,  this  sys- 
tem of  communication,  or  circulation,  is 
placed  at  one  of  the  rear  corners,  the  en- 
trance being  generally  at  the  side,  though 
occasionally  at  the  rear — almost  never 
at  the  front. 


c 

9 


D 

lO 


The  characteristic  assignment  of  the 
rear  half  of  the  main  floor  (sometimes, 
front)  is  to  entrance,  hall,  stairs  (up  and 
down)  toilet,  and  kitchen;  the  other  half 
is  assigned  to  reception  and  dining  rooms. 

A  scientific  basis  for  the  study  of  the 
various  floor  plans  cannot  fail  to  be  of 
assistance;  for  that  purpose  the  follow- 
ing diagram,  Fig.  31,  is  presented.  A 
square  about  2  inches  on  a  side  is  divided 
into  four  squares.  A,  B,  C;  A  is  div- 
ided again  into  four  square,  and  B  like- 
wise ;  these  eight  smaller  squares  and  the 
two  larger  ones,  C  and  D,  are  to  be  con- 
sidered as  miniature  floor  plans,  being 
divided  progressively  and  logically  from 
1  to  10.  These  ten  may  serve  as  types  to 
which  may  be  referred  any  of  the  chalet 


120 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


plans  which  are  given  on  the  succeeding  an  actual  chalet.  This  is  made  possible  to 

pages.  a  most  gratifying  degree,    through   the 

An  example  of  1  may  be  seen  in  the  courtesy   of   Spring   Freres  of   Geneva, 

plan  of  the  summer  house  on  page  655  of  Switzerland,  whose  plans  for  the  chalet 


the  December  number;  this  plan  with  its 
porch  is  an  example  of  2.  A  number  of 
examples,  or  slight  modifications  thereof, 
of  4,  5,  6,  7,  may  be  noted. 


of  M.  Chatelanat  at  Lausanne  we  are 
thus  able  to  present.  The  disposition  of 
the  plan  is  a  little  unusual  in  that  the 
long  side  faces  the  front.    It  will  be  seen 


We  could  hardly  do  better  at  this  point 
to  show  the  results  of  these  investiga- 
tions of  the  elemental  rules  for  chalet  in- 
terior disposition  and  floor  planning,  than 
to  present  the  four  floor  arrangements  of 


that  the  "husk"  at  the  earth  story  (from 
cellar  bottom  to  under  side  of  main  floor) 
is  of  stone  SO  centimeters  thick,  or  a  trifle 
less  than  20  inches ;  at  the  main  story  it 
is  of  stone  a  foot  thick,  and  at  the  upper 


SWISS   CHALET  DESIGN. 


121 


story  and  roof  story  between  4J4  inches 
and  5  inches. 

The  cross-wall  running  from  left  to 


Fig.  31,  though  No.  4  practically  covers 
the  case,  each  floor  being  divided  into 
four  corner  spaces,  or  rooms.    The  com- 


Second  Story  Plan. 


right,  from  cellar  to  roof,  is  approxi- 
mately 8  inches  thick  at  the  earth  story, 
6  inches  in  the  main  story,  and  4  inches 


munication  between  the  four  floors,  or 
stories,  and  the  entrance  way,  is  provided 
for  in  one  corner  of  the  plans,  the  stairs 


-«^  •««*M»  «i 


Attic   Story  Plan. 


in  the  remaining  stories.  The  floor  plans, 
as  a  result  of  this  cross-wall,  are  brought 
und^r  classes  3,  4  and  5  of  our  diagram, 


occupying  the  extreme  corner,  and  the 
communicating  hallways  the  remaining 
portion  of  this  section ;  the  main  point  of 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


^i^ 

2S^. 

s 

'^ 

;a«r 

. 

. 

-4— 

... 

PLANS   OF   CHALET   GIRAUD   AT    VARESE. 


/.  Sbci 


'■'■■■■"      II      r— 

CHALET  BBRNARDINA  NEAR  VEVEY. 

Parquet  &.  Chftlet  Fabrik,  Interlaken. 


SWISS  CHALET  DESIGN. 


Front    Blevatl 


h- 


^^^:-T^  Hnh 


Main     F-loor. 
CHALET    AT    GENEVA. 


Ody  A  Co.,  QenevH. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


SWISS  CHALET  DESIGN. 


125 


entry  ts  at  the  center  of  the  right-hand 
wall.  A  secondary  entrance  is  into  the 
kitchen  at  the  rear.  The  division  of  the 
front  half  of  the  interior  is  maintained 
upward  through  three  stories,  thus  pro- 
viding for  its  double  treatment,  and  the 
double  treatment  of  its  fagade.  At  the 
top,  this  becomes  triple,  with  a  large 
guest  chamber  at  the  center  and  a  narrow 
store  room  at  either  side.  The  main  bal- 
cony is  at  the  bedroom  fioor  and  encir- 
cles the  building,  except  at  the  rear ;  it 
conies  well  within  the  protecting  line  of 
the  gable  at  the  front  and  the  eaves  at 
the  sides.  The  balcony  is  supported  on 
posts  and  brackets  at  the  right  wall,  and 
by  brackets  at  the  other  two  walls.  The 
balcony  at  the  front  of  the  roof  story  is 
supported  by  posts  from  the  story  below. 
The  only  remaining  external  structure  is 
that  of  the  entrance  porch  steps  at  the 
right-side  wall. 

The  plumbing  and  heating  systems  are 
located  at  the  middle  of  the  rear  wall 


next  to  the  kitchen  and  furnace  chimney, 
with  circulation  to  the  right  and  front  of 
them.  The  near  portion  of  the  stair- 
well, in  the  two  upper  stories  becomes 
closet  and  storeroom  space. 

Unique  features  of  the  main  floor  are 
the  window  and  wall  seat,  and  table,  at 
the  inner  corner  of  the  ball;  the  toilet, 
and  in  the  extreme  left-hand  corner,  the 
dcbarras,  or  closet,  and  "office."  The 
only  objection  to  this  arrangement  would 
seem  to  be  that  the  kitchen  is  not  allowed 
sufficient  lighting.  The  bedroom  floor 
offers  no  unusual  features,  except,  per- 
haps, the  absence  of  closets,  their  place 
being  taken  by  wardrobes :  the  presence 
of  square  cabinets  at  the  head  of  each  bed 
is  characteristic  of  all  continental  bed- 
rooms. The  communication  of  the  three 
bedrooms  with  the  balcony  is  by  case- 
ment doors,  as  indicated.  In  the  roof 
story,  the  servant's  room  is  shown  at  the 

{  To  be  continued.) 


A  BERNESE   CHALET. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


SALESROOM  IN  THE  COLGATE  OFFICE    BUILDING,   JERSEY    CITY,    N.   . 

Showingr  How  An  Open  Pipe  System  May  Be    Submerged    So   A*    Not   To 

Injure   The    Decorative    Effect. 


AUTOMATIC    SPRINKLER    EQUIPMENT  OF 

LOFT   BUILDINGS 

ARTICLE  I, 
By  E.  p.  Boone. 


DURING  the  last  five  years  much  has 
been  said  about  the  enormous  fire 
loss  in  this  country.  Efforts  have  been  re- 
doubled in  that  period  in  a  vain  attempt 
to  check  the  fire  demon.  Yet  he  seems 
to  roll  up  a  rich  harvest  each  year  in 
spite  of  all  that  is  said,  and  that  is  being 
done  by  the  way  of  fire-prevention  and 
extinguishment. 

The  architect  has  given  of  his  time 
liberally  in  the  study  of  the  subject,  and 
has  made  effort,  notably  in  city  buildings, 
to  combine  safe  and  sane  features  with 
those  artistic  and  ornamental.  He  has 
not  only  learned  of  the  relative  values 
of  concrete  and  hollow-tile,  but  of  fire- 
doors  and  wired-glass  windows,  metal 
trim,  etc..  and  he  has  in  many  instances 
succeeded  in  having  a  building  erected 
that  was  as  near  fireproof  as  a  building 
could  be  before  being  tenanted.  But 
with  all  his  study,  so  far  as  I  have  been 
able  to  observe,  little  attention  has  been 
given  to  the  protection  of  the  content? 
against  fire,  until  only  within  the  last  two 
years.  The  building  may  be  of  rugged, 
fireproof  construction,  with  all  horizontal 
and  vertical  openings  properly  protected, 
but  when  it  is  filled  up  with  combustible 
contents,  it  presents  a  condition  not  un- 
like the  old  fashioned  wood-burning  stove, 
for  when  once  the  fire  is  well  kindled,  it 
will  not  only  consume  everything  within, 
and  attack  the  weakest  part  in  the  build- 
ing construction,  but  it  will  also  give  off 
heat  in  a  sufficient  degree  to  ignite  the 
contents  of  surrounding  buildings.  Per- 
haps this  lack  of  attention  to  the  protec- 
tion of  the  contents  may  be  a  lack  of 
knowledge ;  or  possibly  the  thought  that 
any  automatic  system  of  fire-protection, 
as,  for    example,    automatic    sprmklers, 


placed  on  the  ceilings,  would  ruin  the 
appearance  of  the  building,  deters  them. 
Injury  to  the  decorations,  the  lighting 
effects,  the  causing  of  shadows  and  other- 
wise, it  is  their  fear,  would  not  enhance 
the  value  of  the  building  from  the  in- 
vestment standpoint ;  and  when  it  came  to 
having  these  so  considered  unsightly  pipes 
containing  water  under  pressure  distrib- 
uted on  the  ceiling,  many  were  and  now 
are  the  objections  raised  by  the  architect. 
Owing  to  what  he  considers  a  great  dan- 
ger: the  possibility  of  a  leak  in  the  pipe 
somewhere,  which  sooner  or  later  will 
flood  the  building,  causing  irreparable 
damage,  raises  another  objection  in  the 
mind  of  the  architect. 

It  is  to  be  admitted  that  it  is  only 
within  the  last  few  years  that  the  auto- 
matic sprinkler  has  sprung  into  promi- 
nence. After  every  great  fire  something 
has  been  said  in  the  press  about  auto- 
matic sprinkler  systems,  but  it  is  only  re- 
cently that  they  have  been  given  public 
recognition.  It  is  to  give  the  architect 
some  idea  of  the  value  of  an  automatic 
sprinkler  system,  and  the  desirability  of 
preparing  the  building  to  receive  this 
form  of  protection,  as  well  as  to  give  a 
general  interpretation  of  rules  govern- 
ing an  installation,  that  this  paper  has 
been  prepared. 

Many  attempts  were  made  prior  to 
1870  to  invent  an  automatic  sprinkler 
head  having  a  commercial  value.  Numer- 
erous  systems  of  perforated  pipes  and 
rose  sprinklers  had  been  installed,  but  it 
was  not  until  the  Parmalee  sprinkler  was 
placed  on  the  market  (about  1874)  that 
there  was  an  automatic  sprinkler  head  of 
commercial  value  in  this  country. 

During  the  years  from  1880  to  1885 


ARCHITECTURE  ASD   BOTLDIXG. 


AUTOMATIC  SPlil.\'KLER  EQUIPMENT  Of  LOFT  BUILDIXCS. 


129 


inclusive,  several  types  of  automatic 
sprinklers  were  placed  on  the  mar- 
ket, including  the  Barnes,  Brown. 
Burritt,  Bishop,  Buell,  Gray  and  the  early 
forms  of  Grinneil,  all  of  which  are  now 
practically  obsolete.  The  Buell  sprinkler 
was  one  of  the  first  types  not  having  the 
solder  expose<i  to  the  water.  It  was  a 
common  defect  among  the  early  sprinkler 
heads  to  have  the  solder  exposed  to  the 
water,  so  that  in  many  instances  at  the 
time  of  a  fire  the  head  would  resolder. 
due  to  the  water  trickling  out  and  reach- 
ing the  solder  before  it  was  entirely 
fused.  This  cannot  happen  with  any  of 
the  present  day,  approved  automatic 
sprinkler  heads,  of  which  there  are 
eleven. 

From  1882  to  1885  the  introduction  of 
automatic  sprinklers  was  slow,  and  from 
all  accounts  they  were  not  favored  either 
by  the  insured,  who  were  ever  mindful 


of  the  possibilities  of  water  damage,  or  by 
certain  insurance  companies  for  obvious 
reasons.  To-daj',  however,  one  rarely 
hears  of  an  objection  on  account  of  the 
possibilities  of  leakage,  for  the  types  of 
heads  employed  are  guaranteed  tight 
under  300  pounds  pressure,  and  the  in- 
surance companies  welcome  their  intro- 
duction and  grant  most  liberal  reductions 
in  insurance  rates. 

In  certain  municipalities  automatic 
sprinklers  are  required  by  law,  as  in  cer- 
tain portions  of  theatres  and  other  houses 
of  amusement,  school  houses,  inaccessible 
basements,  and  in  buildings  of  poor  con- 
struction and  hazardous  occupancy  in 
congested  localities.  Their  introduction 
is  not  now  confined  to  manufacturing  es- 
tabhshments,  bOt  has  extended  to  mer- 
cantile and  loft  buildings. 

(7o  be  continued.) 


THE  PACKARD  SCHOOL, 


THE  PACKARD  SPHOOU  36TH  STREET  AND  LEXINGTON  AVENUE,  NEW  YORK. 
Buildera:  Hedden  Construction  Co.  Henry  P.   Ballantyne,  Architect. 

OtiB  BtevatoFB. 

Plumbing  Contractor:   W.  G.  Cornell  Co, 
Metal  r.ath;  Arthur  Greendeld.  Jnc. 
Star  Expansl'in   HoUb  Used, 


THE  PACKARD  COMMERCIAL  SCHOOL 


H.  P.  BALLANTYNE,  Architect. 


THE  new  building  for  the  Packard 
Commercial  School  is  located  on 
the  comer  of  Lexington  Avenue  and  35th 
Street,  on  a  lot  approximately  47  by  125 
feet,  with  an  extension  about  25  by  42 
feet  on  35th  Street.  The  purpose  of  the 
building  is  to  provide  suitable  light,  spa- 
cious class  rooms  for  the  school,  together 
with  a  series  of  stores  on  the  first  floor. 
It  is  of  the  utmost  importance  that  such 
a  building  should  not  only  be  perfectly 
light    and    express    on  the    fagade    its 

n 


scholastic  character,  but  it  should  also  be 
of  such  a  monumental  character  as  is  con- 
sistent with  the  age  and  dignity  of  the 
institution  which  it  houses. 

The  style  of  the  building  might  be  de- 
scribed as  Georgian,  or  rather  a  modem 
adaptation  of  that  early  American  style 
sometimes  called  Colonial. 

The  most  satisfactory  and  monumental 
way  of  obtaining  the  greatest  possible 
light  is  by  a  columnar  treatment,  the  in- 
terstices between  the  columns  or  pilasters 
being  filled  with  an  iron  frame  work, 
which  by  its  contrasting  color  counts 
rather  with  the  windows  than  with  the 
masonry  of  the  pilasters.  The  35th  Street 
fagade  of  the  school  portion  of  the  build- 
ing is  therefore  treated  with  strong  brick 
pilasters,  which  become  columns  of  stone 
upon  the  Lexington  Avenue  front.  These 


SECOND   STORY   PLAN. 


THE    PACKARD    COMMERCIAL    SCHOOL. 

H.   F.  Ballantyne,  Architect. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


JJDOW  SECTION. 


THE    TACKARD 
H.  F.  Ballanlynf,  Arch 


THE  PACKARD   SCHOOL. 


133 


columns  are  engaged  or  connected  with 
the  wall  so  that,  while  retaining  their  dig- 
nity, there  is  no  sacrifice  of  light. 

The  first  story,  containing  the  stores, 
is  treated  as  a  massive  arcade,  heavily 
rusticated,  and  of  great  depth  of  reveal, 
providing  ample  support  for  the  cohimns 
above,  and  yet  giving  an  abundance  of 
light  to  the  stores.  The  fifth  floor,  above 
the  colonnade,  is  treated  as  an  attic,  pierced 
with  triple  windows  over  each  bay.  The 
lower  portion  of  the  building,  the  col- 
umns and  entablature  are  of  hand-cut 
Indiana  limestone,  and  the  jambs  and 
trim  of  the  entrance  doors,  together  with 
the  base  of  the  building,  are  of  semi- 
polished  Green  River  granite,  which  is 
practically  the  same  in  color  as  the  lime- 
stone, but  which  from  its  hardness  and 
finish  prevents  the  discoloration  which 
would  occur  at  these  points,  should  lime- 
stone have  been  used  throughout. 

There  are  two  main  entrances  to  the 
building,  one  upon  Lexington  Avenue 
and  one  upon  the  eastern  end  of  the  35th 
Street  fai;ade;  two  elevators  and  wide 
marble  stairways  which  give  access  to  the 
class  rooms  above  by  marble  walled  cor- 
ridors. 


The  space  on  the  first  story  not  taken 
by  the  entrances  is  divided  into  four 
stores  with  a  floor  space  of  about  1,100 
square  feet  each,  except  the  end  store  on 
35th  Street,  which  contains  about  1,500 
square  feet.  These  stores  are  well-lighted 
and  have  large  basements  provided  with 
separate  sidewalk  lifts. 

tjn  the  second  floor  are  the  main  of- 
fices of  the  school, a  reception  room, hand- 
somely paneled  in  oak,  a  private  office, 
secretary's  office  and  a  library,  together 
with  the  requisite  stationery  rooms  and 
janitor's  quarters.  There  are  also  two 
class  rooms,  one  of  which  is  very  large. 

On  the  third  floor  there  are  four  large 
class  rooms.  Two  of  these  can  be  thrown 
together  by  rolling  partitions,  forming  a 
large  lecture  hall  about  4.000  square  feel 
in  area. 

On  the  fifth  floor  there  are  five  class 
rooms  similar  in  character  to  those  below. 

The  building  is  of  fireproof  construc- 
tion. Special  attention  has  been  paid  to 
the  ventilation  and  the  lighting  and  it  is 
equipped  with  a  vacuum  cleaning  system, 
drinking  fountains,  and  all  modem  safe- 
guards for  the  convenience  and  safety  of 
its  occupants. 


134 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


LOEWS   GREELEY   SQLTAKE   THEATRE,    6TH   AVENUE   AND    30TH    STREET,    NEW 

YORK.     FIRST  STORY  PLAN. 
Builders:  Fleischmann  Bros.  Co.  S.   S.  Sugar,  Architect. 


GREELEY  SQUARE    THEATRE. 


^     6 

S  6  " 


Ill's 

E°S|| 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


LOEWS  GRBBLBY   SQL'ARE   THEATRE.      LONGITUDINAL  SECTION  AND   DBTAIL 
VIEW  OP  BALCONIES. 

I  BroB.  Co.  S.  S,   Sugar.   Architect. 

an  &  Bro. 

:  Edwards  Electric  Conatructloti  Co. 

Star  Gipanalon  Bolts  Used. 


DEPARTMENT  STORE  OF  THE  HIGBEE  CO. 

CLEVELAND,  OHIO 


AS  an  example  of  a  thoroug:hly  mod- 
ern and  well -planned  department 
Store  for  a  small  city,  the  building 
erected  for  the  H  if  bee  Company  tn 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  is  in  all  probability  ty- 
pical. In  plan  the  building  has  a  front- 
age of  about  105  feet  and  a  depth  of  184 
feet  on  the  side  street.  Above  the  first 
floor  the  depth  of  the  building  is  150 
feet.  The  rectangular  plan  has  been  laid 
out  into  an  even  system  of  bays  which 
possesses  the  advantage  of  making  per- 
fectly regular  floor  divisions.  The  build- 
ii^  is  of  fireproofed  steel  construction. 
There  are  three  Otis  electric  passenger 
elevators,  and  one  freight  elevator.  These 
are  all  enclosed  in  fireproof  partitions 
and  are  operated  from  the  basement  to 
the  top  floor.  The  doors  and  enclosures 
are  of  ornamental  iron  set  with  panels  of 


wire-glass.  The  stairway  is  enclosed  in 
the  same  manner.  The  automatic 
sprinkler  system  is  of  the  concealed  pipe 
type  usual  in  department  store  construc- 
tion. The  regular  planning  of  the 
building  has  enabled  an  arrangement  of 
the  automatic  sprinkler  system  so  that 
there  are  four  heads  placed  in  each  ceil- 
ing panel  throughout  all  the  open  floor 

The  exterior  of  the  building  is  as  rep- 
resentative of  good  design  in  department 
store  work  as  the  interior  arrangements. 
The  pilasters  of  the  front  indicate  the 
divisions  of  the  interior,  and  the  regular 
bays  and  the  window  openii^s  are  as 
large  as  is  practical.  The  exterior  is  en- 
tirely of  glazed  white  terra-cotta  with 
ornamental  relief  decorative  courses  at 
the  first  story  level  and  the  cornices. 


APARTMENT    AT    49 


ARCHITECTURE  AS'D   BUILDING. 


X  "'^0 


ARCHITECTURE  AMD   BUILDING.  17 

Time  is  Money — Dilatory  Methods  Today  are  Intolerable. 

Cutting   Down  the   Time  and    Cost   of  Freight  Handling 

is  the  Thing  that  Counts 

In  planning  new  building  and  modernizing  old,  quick  and  economical  method  for  freight  and 
merchandise  handling  is  of  most  vital  importance.  Today  everything  must  be  kept  moving. 
Nowhere  does  this  apply  with  greater  emphasis  than  to  the  handling  of  merchandise  and  freight 
in  Faaory,  Warehouse,  Shop,  Salesroom,  Docks,  Shipping  Platform,  Railway  Terminal,  etc. 
Every  back-crack,  every  stop,  every  transfer  of  load,  every  delay  invites  congestion — is  a  waste 
of  time  and  money  and  should  never  obtain  in  the  systematic  conduct  of  any  business. 
Buildings  should  be  planned  to  meet  this  requirement. 

Manufacturing  and  Businegg  Buildings  Equipped  with  the 

Otis  Inclined  Elevator 

Save  60%  to  80%  of  the  Time  and  Coat  of  Merchandi»e  Handling 


Capacity  is  enormously  increased  and  freight 
handled  far  quicker  and  at  a  far  less  cost  than 
it  can  be  moved  by  any  other  method, — because 
ONE  Otis  Inclined  Elevator  will  Move 
More  Freight  in  a  Given  Time  than 
Six  or  Eight  Vertical  Elevators  of  the 
Usual  Type,  or  Move  More  Freight  in 
the  Same  Time  than  Fifty  to  One 
Hundred  Men  and  Trucks  Alone  Can 
Handle. 


Running  continuously  in  one  direction,   up  or  down,  no 
lime  ii  naiied  in  stops  to  load  or  unload.     No  power  is  wasted 
artin^i  no  operator  is  required;  there  are  no 
slops  for    discharginf;   and  rehandling  of 
.  cement  !s  continuous  from  the  initiation  of 

the  load  until  its  final  delivery  at  its  destination. 

Nor  doei  it  matter  what  the  loads  may  weigh  or  how 
fast  they  come,  the  Otis  Inclined  Elevator  will  handle  them. 
It  cannot  be  overloaded.  Its  capacity  is  limitless.  Ordinary 
iiuiallations  will  handle  from  600  to  1960  loads  per  hour — 
by  loads  is  meant  loaded  trucks  or  "  tvheelers,"  with  or 
without  man,— and  it  will  keep  up  this  capacity  year  after 
year.  An  electric  motor  is  all  that  is  needed  for  operation  and 
(be  power  cost  seldom  runs  to  more  than  50  cents  per  day. 


Without  obbsatioD  our  EngineariiiK  Dvpartmant  will  supply  full  infor- 
madoo,  tbow  the  way  to  halt  meat  apaeiGc  requirement*  and  aubmil 
eatiniate   of   initalUtioD  coit,     Correapoiidanee  iuTited.     Write  to  u*. 

Otis    Elevator    Company,    I7  Battery  Place,  New  York 

OfficH  in  all  prfausipaj  citUi  in  tb*  world 


18 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


THE    DESIGN     OP    WALLS,     BINS    AND 
GRAIN      ELEVATORS.        By     Mllo      S. 
Ketchum,   C.E.     Second   Edition,   revised 
and  enlargred.     New  York:  The  McGraw- 
Hill  Publishing  Company.  Price,  $4.  net. 
In    this    new    edition    of    Mr.    Ketchum's 
work,    there    have    been    added    about    150 
pages    of   new    material,    including   illustra- 
tions.   The  book  covers  the  advancement  In 
engineering    methods    which    h<as    occurred 
in  the  four  years  since  the  first  edition  ap- 
peared.    Chapters   IV.   and   VII.   have  been 
entirely    rewritten,    and    the    new    material 
Includes    two    new    chapters — lA    and    IV A. 
General  material  added  throughout  the  book 
includes    examples    of    retaining    walls    and 
additional  formulae,   methods  and  forms  of 
construction,  and  a  description  of  three  ad- 
ditional reinforced  ooncrete  grain  elevators. 
An  appendix  gives   a   brief  resume  of  con- 
crete, plain  and  reinforced. 

The  chapter  headings  are:  the  design  of 
retaining  walls;  Rankine's  theory;  Rankine's 
theory  modified;  Coulomb's  theory;  design 
of  masonry  retaining  walls;  reinforced  con- 
crete retaining  walls;  effect  of  cohesion- 
stresses  in  bracing  of  trenches — ^stresses  in 
tunnels;  experiments  on  retaining  walls; 
methods  of  construction  and  cost  of  retain- 
ing walls;  design  of  coal  bins,  ore  bins,  etc.; 
types  of  coal  bins,  ore  bins,  etc.;  stresses 
in  bins;  experiments  on  pressures  on  bin 
walls;  design  of  bins;  examples  and  details 
of  bins;  cost  of  bins;  methods  of  handling 
materials;  design  of  grain  bins  and  eleva- 
tors; types  of  grain  elevators;  stresses  in 
grain  bins;  experiments  on  the  pressure  of 
g^rain  in  deep  bins;  examples  of  grain  eleva- 
tors; cost  of  grain  bins  and  elevators;  Appen- 
dix 1,  concrete  plain  and  reinforced. 


LAMPS    AND    SHADES    IN    METAL    AND 
ART  GLASS.  By  John  D.  Adams.    Popu- 
lar Mechanics  Company,  Publishers,  Chi- 
cago.   Price,  50  cents. 
This    book     is    particularly    designed    for 
the  amfiteur,  and  shows  the  methods  of  con- 
structing electric  lamp  from  light  metal  and 
glass.     Drop   lights,   reading  lamps,   dining- 
room  domes,  mission  chandeliers,  hexagonal 
lamps  and  others  are  shown. 

The  first  part  deals  with  built-up  shades, 
the  second  with  soldered  shades,  the  third 
with  etched  shades,  and  the  fourth  with 
sawn  shades.  All  the  fixtures  can  be  easily 
constructed  with  simple  tools.  All  the  de- 
signs shown  have  detailed  drawings  accom- 
panied by  photographs  of  the  finished 
fixture. 


WOODWORKING        FOR        AMATEUR 
CRAFTSMEN.     By   Ira   S.   Griffith,  A.B. 
Popular    Mechan'cs    Company.    Publish- 
ers, Chicago.    Price,  25  cents. 
This  is  a  small  book  which  gives  practical 
Instruction  on  the  proper  use  of  woodwork- 
ing tools,  and  the  simple  expedients  used  by 
good  Joiners  in  their  trade.     The  first  chap- 
ters of  the  book  deal  with  the  tools,  and  the 
latter  chapters  with  the  making  of  various 
objects,    such    as    stands,    a   table,    cabinet, 
etc.      Throughout,     the    book    is    profusely 
Illustrated   with   little   line   diagrams  which 
often    explain    more    fully    than    words    the 
purpose  of  the  writer. 


ELECTROPLATING.      A    treatise     for    the 
beginner   and   for   the   most   experienced 
electroplater.       By      Henry      C.      Reetz. 
Popular    Mechanics    Company,    Chicago. 
Price,    25   cents. 
This     elementary     text-book     on     electro- 
plating is  another  of  the  Popular  Mechanics' 
Series.     It  treats  the  subject  In  a  way  that 
you  can  understand,  and  contains  numerous 
illustrations  in  connection  with  the  text. 


ELECTRIC    TRANSMISSION    OP    WATER 
POWER      By    Alton    D.    Adams.    A.M. 
New    York:   •  The    McGraw     Publishing 
Company.     Price,   $3.   net. 
This  is  a  general   treatise  on  the  subject 
of    the    development    of   electric    power  by 
water  and  the  transmission  of  the  same  to 
points  of  use.    In  view  of  the  recent  reports 
which  have  appeared  concerning   the  water 
resources    of    the    various     States    of    the 
United  States,  this  book  possesses  a  general 
significance  that  should  make  it  of  value  to 
many   besides    the   hydraulic    and    electrical 
engineer.     The    text    is    descriptive    and    is 
very  fully  illustrated   with  photographic  re- 
productions and  plans  an<d  sections  of  power 
houses,  turbine  installations,  pipe  lines  and 
canals    for    water    transmission,      electrical 
generator  layouts,  and  diagrams  of  the  ma- 
chines.    A   most   instructive   portion   of   the 
book   is   that   dealing  with   electrical   trans- 
mission lines  and   their   economic   construc- 
tion and  maintenance.     The  chapters  of  the 
book  cover   the  following  subjects:    Water- 
power  in  electrical  supply;  utility  of  water- 
power  in  electrical  supply;   cost  of  conduc- 
tors   for    electric-power    transmission;     ad- 
vantages of  the  continuous  and  alternating . 
current;    development    of    water-power    for 
electric  stations;   location  of  electric  water- 
power    stations;     alternators    for    electrical 
transmission;    transformers    in    transmission 
systems;   switches,   fuses  and  circuit-break- 
ers; regulation  of  transmitted  power;  guard 
wires     and     lightning     arresters;     electrical 
transmission  under  land  and  water,  etc. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING- 


When  writing;  Advertliera.  pleate  mention  Architecture  and   BulldlnK. 


20 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


Art  and  Architecture 

IN  THE  ARTS  THERE  ARE  THE  MOST 
ENDURING  MONUMENTS  OF  MAN 
Such  is  the  underlying  sentiment  of  a  paper 
en  the  "Relation  of  the  University  to  the  Fine 
Arts"  by  Professor  Edward  Robinson,  which 
appeared  in  the  Columbia  University  Quarterly 
for  December,  1911.  In  explanation  of  the  im- 
portance of  a  study  of  the  fine  arts.  Professor 
Robinson  says  that  this  study  should  be  one  of 
the  great  branches  of  university  instruction, 
" — giving  students  the  means  of  appreciating  in- 
telligently the  great  works  of  the  past,  of  enter- 
ing into  the  spirit  in  which  the  men  of  the  great 
artistic  periods  of  the  world's  history  have  ex- 
pressed their  highest  aspirations,  their  most  ideal 
selves,  whether  in  poetry,  architecture,  sculpture, 
or  painting."  In  further  comment,  there  is  at 
present  no  school  or  course  of  instruction  in  the 
Fine  Arts  in  any  university  which  presents  the 
subject  from  Professor  Robinson's  standpoint. 
In  closing  he  says:  "Therefore  I  look,  I  hope  I 
may  say,  with  confidence,  for  the  time  when 
there  shall  be  a  thoroughly  organized  department 
of  the  fine  arts,  for  the  teaching  of  the  various 
branches  of  the  history  of  art,  both  ancient  and 
modem,  and  for  the  training  of  specialists  of 
which  this  country  stands  so  much  in  need." 


were  present  as  guests.  All  of  these  gentlemen 
made  remarks  concerning  the  architectural  pos- 
sibilities afforded  by  the  site  of  the  1915  exposi- 
tion. 


ARCHITECTURAL    QUARTERLY    OF 
HARVARD    UNIVERSITY 

This  new  architectural  publication  appears  for 
the  first  time  in  March,  and  its  purpose  is  to 
present  in  easily  accessible  form  illustrations  of 
important  work  done  by  the  students  in  the  ar- 
chitectural course  at  Harvard.  The  text  will 
consist  of  contributions  by  members  of  the 
teaching  staff,  and  graduates,  and  the  paper  will 
also  provide  a  medium  for  the  publication  of 
special  lectures  which  will  be  delivered  at  the 
school.  In  the  first  number  there  is  an  article  on 
"Architectural  Acoustics,"  by  Professor  \V.  C. 
Sabine,  and  an  essay  on  "The  Medieval  Town 
Halls  of  Italy,"  by  H.  E.  Warren.  There  are 
numerous  illustrations. 


At  a  special  meeting  of  the  San  Francisco 
Chapter  A.  I.  A.,  on  February  20,  1912,  there 
was  a  large  attendance.  Besides  the  regular 
members  present,  Messrs.  Thomas  F.  Hastings, 
William  Symmes  Richardson,  Henry  Bacon  and 
Robert  Farquhar,  who  form  the  advisory  council 
of   the   Panama-Pacific  International   Exposition, 

HARRY  BISSING 

Consulting  Engineer 

Speeialift  in  Litfhtintf,  Heating, 
Ventilatintfjtnd  Stage  Equip- 
ment for  Theatre!  and  Halla 

563  W.  ild  STREET  NEW  YORK 


THE  EXHIBITION  OF  THE  PITTSBURGH 
ARCHITECTURAL  CLUB 
The  seventh  annual  exhibition  of  the  Pitts- 
burgh Architectural  Club  has  just  come  to  a 
close.  It  was  as  particularly  notable  for  its  good 
arrangement  as  for  its  exhibits.  There  were 
about  600  drawings  and  photographs  on  exhibi- 
tion, as  well  as  examples  of  decoration  as  it  en- 
ters into  architecture,  mural  painting,  stained 
glass,  cabinet  work,  interior  decoration,  etc.  Mr. 
Henry  Hornbostle  exhibited  some  large  pencil 
drawings  of  the  New  York  East  River  bridges, 
'•he  original  drawings  for  the  competition  for  the 
general  plan  of  the  Northwestern  University  and 
some  of  those  now  under  way  for  the  University 
of  Pittsburgh  and  the  Carnegie  Technical  Schools 
were  also  shown.  Dwelling  house  architecture 
was  represented  by  many  exhibits.  The  four 
prize-winning  designs  for  the  Perry  Memorial 
monument  to  be  erected  at  Put-In  Bay  on  Lake 
Erie  attracted  considerable  attention.  Exhibi- 
tions of  students*  work  from  the  principal  archi- 
tectural schools  of  the  country  were  also  to  be 
seen. 


At  the  February  regular  meeting  of  the  Phila- 
delphia Chapter  A.  I.  A.  attention  was  called  to 
the  atelier  now  being  conducted  by  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania,  stating  that  besides  the 
courses  in  elementary  arithmetic  and  history  of 
architecture  now  being  conducted,  a  third  course 
should  immediately  be  started  in  construction. 
These  courses  consist  of  twenty-five  lectures 
each.  The  work  is  being  conducted  under  the 
direction  of  the  Chapter. 

On  the  subject  of  office  practice,  Mr.  Boyd,  in 
a  brief  address,  outlined  a  document  which  should 
form  a  basis  of  understanding  between  the  ar- 
chitect and  the  owner.  Such  a  document  might 
eventually  be  adopted  by  the  Institute  as  one  of 
its  standards.  It  might  present  a  combination 
schedule  of  charges,  code  of  ethics,  and  rules 
for  the  control  of  competitions. 


The  IndianapoHs  Architectural  Club,  which  was 
organized  November  13,  1911,  with  thirteen  char- 
ter mem])ers.  has  now  reached  a  total  member- 
ship of  forty-five.  The  officers  are  C.  W.  Beel- 
man,  President;  R.  E.  Backus,  Vice-President; 
S.  C.  Duval,  Secretary;  T.  L.  Brookie,  Treas- 
urer ;  John  Deery,  Librarian ;  B.  W.  Day,  Chair- 
man Current  Work  Committee 

The  club  holds  two  meetings  a  month,  and 
besides  this  is  carrying  on  classes  and  lectures  to 
which  all  club  members  have  admission.  The 
activities  of  the  club  are  numerous,  including 
prize  competitions  for  various  designs  and  special 
addresses  before  the  club  meetings.  Professor 
Laird  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  is  to 
deliver  a  special  lecture.  The  lectures  and  classes 
are  held  at  the  John  Heron  Art  Institute. 


When   writing  Advertisers,   please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


21 


I.  MORITZ.  Pkx)p. 


Telqthooe  164  ^P\um 


Architectural  Metal  Works 

SKYLIGHTS 

CORNICES    AND    ROOFING 
CORRUGATED  IRON  WORK 


1:92-1194  SECOND  AVENUE 


NEW  YORK 


NATIONAL  ACADEMY   OF  DESIGN 
EXHIBITION 

The  87th  annual  exhibition  of  the  National 
Academy  of  Design  opened  in  the  galleries  of  the 
American  Fine  Arts  Society  at  215  West  57th 
street,  on  March  9,  and  will  continue  until  April 
14.  According  to  the  rules,  only  exhibits  of 
original  work  in  oil  and  sculpture  are  eligible; 
further,  these  must  be  works  of  living  artists  that 
have  never  before  been  publicly  exhibited  in 
New  York  City.  This  latter  clause  was  not 
strictly  adhered  to,  however,  space  being  allotted 
to  William  St.  John  Harper's  "Winter's  Veil" 
and  to  "My  Bunkie,"  by  Charles  Schreyvogel. 
It  was  announced  that  the  entire  South  Gallery 
would  this  year  be  devoted  to  the  exhibition  of 
sculpture,  but  as  a  matter  of  fact  the  represen- 
tation of  sculpture  is  exceedingly  small  in  extent 
(the  exhibits  are  25  in  number)  as  well  as  in  the 
individual  pieces.  The  most  prominent  work  is 
the  "Tortoise  Fountain"  by  Janet  Scudder,  which 
occupies  a  position  in  the  center  of  the  middle 
gallery  and  is  in  operation.  It  is  a  bronze  of 
very  charming  and  graceful  design.  As  to  the 
special  awards,  the  Julia  A.  Shaw  memorial  prize 
was  won  by  the  "Portrait  of  Mrs.  John  Henry 
Hammond  and  Daughter,"  by  M.  Jean  McLean; 
the  Saltus  medal  by  "The  Hills,"  by  Bruce  Crane, 
N.  A.;  the  Inness  gold  medal  went  to  Albert 
Groll,  N.  A.,  for  his  "Lake  Louise,  British  Co- 
lumbia"; Charles  Rosen  won  the  first  Hallgarten 
prize  with  "A  Rocky  Ledge"  and  Everett  L. 
Warner  took  the  second  with  "Along  the  River." 

There  are  an  unusually  large  number  of  unu- 
sually pleasing  portraits.  One  of  the  most  delight- 
ful is  "Little  Jane  B.,"  by  Hilda  Belcher.  The 
American  Indian  and  scenes  from  his  country 
are  apparently  receiving  each  year  a  little  more 
of  the  attention  that  they  deserve  from  Ameri- 
can artists.  There  were  several  such  in  this 
years'  exhibition.  "In  the  Sun,"  by  Frederick  C. 
Frieseke  is  a  puzzle.  A  nude  female  fig^ure,  a 
glimpse  of  a  pool,  sunshine  and  foliage  in  abund- 
ance, a  very  modish  striped  parasol,  and  a  heap  of 
something  that  might  be  the  discarded  clothing  of 
the  young  lady.  The  conception  of  the  picture 
seems  false;  it  is  too  modem  to  be  allegory,  and 
too  allegorical  to  be  modern.  It  seems  captious, 
however,  to  waste  space  when  space  is  limited,  to 
find  fault,  leaving  so  much  that  is  good  unnoticed. 
There  seems  an  unusually  large  number  of  pic- 
tures that  recommend  themselves,  in  size  and  in 
conception,  to  the  ordinarily  cultured  person  for 
the  decoration  of  his  walls,  which  may  or  may 
not  seem  flattery  to  the  artists. 


BAVE  TOU  SEEN  THE  LATEST 
GARDEN  NOVELTIES?     ^ 

rpHET  Include  musical  Garden  oma* 
-L  menta,  concealed  lawn  chimes,  com- 
bined rose  bash  fountains  withenimes 
(with  or  witnout  electric  illumination). 
Bmaller  models  for  table  decoration. 
These  novelUesare  placed  on  the  market 
this  season  for  the  first  time.  These 
chimes  can  be  concealed  by  flowers  or 
vines,  and  the  least  breath  of  air  will 
produce  the  sweetent  tones,  coming  ap- 
parently from  a  distance.  We  also  nave 
a  full  line  of  all  kinds  of  garden  furni- 
ture, vases,  settees,  fountains  and  all 
other  garden  beautifiers.  Write  for 
Catalogue. 

ANEKICAN  eARDEN  BEAUTIFTINO  GO. 

4M  Fourth  Ave.,  NEW  YOU 

A.  8.  .lAKOBSON,  Inventor 

32Ki  Degree  MoBon 

BRANCH 

800  Sehenck  Ave..  Brooklyn.  N.  T. 


Patented, Ibrchfint 

A  ronebiwh  fovntaln 
with  or  withont  Ulma- 
Ination. 


J.  COLEMAN  &  BRO. 

^amtetfi;  anb  Becorators; 

1835  Lexington  Avenue 
NEW    YORK 


Decorators  for 
GreeUy  Square  Theatre  and 
Delancey  Street  Theatre 
New  York 

S.  S.  Sncar.  Architect 


IDQE 


The 


n 


m 


Marble  &  Shattuck 
Chair  Company 

CLEVELAND.  OHIO 

Makers  of 
Fine  Chairs 


□ 


818 


NEW  YORK  OFnCE 
Mafffaridse  Bidg..  47  Weal  34lb  St. 

CHICAGO   OFFICE 
8848o«th  Wabaah  ATenne 


3 


-IE 


When    writing:   Advertlaers,   please   mention   Architecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING- 


Fireproofing  and 
Fire-Protection 

MR.  G.  W.  STEWART 


FIRE  IN  CITY  INVESTING  BUILDING 
A  fire  which  occurred  in  the  City  Investitig 
Building  on  February  IS  is  of  particular  interest 
as  pointing  to  small  defects  which  tnay  not  be 
considered  as  serious  at  the  time  of  the  original 
construction  and  yet  may  develop  into  a  serious 
menace  on  the  occasion  of  a  fire.  Superintend- 
ent F.  J.  T.  Stewart  of  the  New  York  Board  of 
Fire  Underwriters    says: 

"The  damage  was  mostly  confined  to  the  elec- 
trical equipment  inside  the  shaft,  consisting  of 
cables  and  insulation  on  same;  also  the  electrical 
elevator  control  apparatus  at  32d  floor.  There 
was  considerable  damage  to  woodwork  used  in 
roof  construction;  the  sloping  roof  of  the  32- 
story  portion  is  covered  with  sheet  copper  on 
wooden  purlins  about  2x4  inches,  set  28  inches 
on  center  between  2-inch  tile  on  T  irons ;  this 
portion  of  roof  also  had  two  small  thin  glass 
sidelights  in  wood  sash,  which  burned  out  and 
afforded. a  vent  for  the  fire.  A  few  wooden  coat 
and  hat  racks  in  porters'  closets,  over  doors  to 
shaft,  were  also  slightly  damaged. 


"While  the   fact  that  this  fire  did  not  result 
more  seriously  is  quite  a  tribute  to  the  building, 

from  the  viewpoint  of,  fireproof  construction,  it 
has,  nevertheless,  developed  two  interesting  points 
of  weakness.  First,  is  the  introduction  of  un- 
necessary inflammable  material  inside  the  wire 
shaft.  Second,  the  use  of  wood  nailing  strips  in 
connection  with  the  roof  construction  over  the 
32-story  portion.  This  seemingly  unimportant 
detail,  together  with  the  ordinary  wood  sash 
windows  in  the  same  roof,  is  responsible  for 
considerable  damage  which  would  otherwise  have 
been  avoided." 

THE  VANDERBILT  HOTEL  FIRE 
We  quote  another    report   by    Superintendent 
Stewart,   which    shows   very   creditably    for   the 
thorough  construction  of  this  new  hotel. 

"The  fire,  although  intensely  hot,  was  con- 
fined to  the  floor  where  it  originated  and  largely 
to  the  north  half  of  the  floor.  The  absence  of 
all  woodwork  in  the  interior  construction  and 
trim  afforded  the  fire  but  little  opportunity  to 
spread.  The  steel  corridor  doors  to  rooms  and 
floor  openings  withstood  the  fire  well  and  held  it 
in  check  wherever  they  were  closed.  The  doors 
into  several  of  the  rooms  were,  however,  open 
at  the  time,  thus  permitting  the  flames  to  enter 
nearly  one-half  of  the  rooms  on  the  floor.  The 
loss  was  confined  chiefly  to  the  new  furniture  and 
carpets  stored  in  bulk  at  the  point  where  the  fire 
{Conlinutd  on  page  24) 


Safeguard  Your  Property 


NEWMAN 

Watchman's    Clock 


Is  the  Time  Detector  System  that  protects  you.  It  safeguards 
your  property.  It  keeps  your  watchman  "on  the  job."  It  is 
absolutely  tamperproof,  has  the  simplest  key  registration 
mechanism  and  is  made  ctf  the  best  material  money  can  buy. 
Cheap,  ordinarv  Watchman's  Clocks  are  worthless — the  sharp 
watchman  can '"beat"  them.  Not  so  with  the  NEWMAN— 
this  system  defies  all  tricks— and  it  lasts  indefinitely.  Write 
today  for  our  proposition— it  will  protect  your  bi 


NEWMAN  CLOCK  COMPANY 

Larsttt  Maautaclann  otWatcbaiaB'tClockt  la  Amirica 

HtwYark  Uii<>d  ChlcU* 

in  FiIlH  St  ttatA  VUlMhapel  Rm4  ISZt  Viitik  An. 


When   wrltlnK  Adverttsera.  please  mention   Arcliltecture  and  Building:- 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Of  Course 

You  Will  Protect  That  New 
Building  With  Automatic 
Sprinklers 

Let  Us  Estimate  On  Your  Plans 

EVERY  INSTALLATION  OF 


put  in  by  us  represents  quality  of  the  very  highest  tyjw, 
Because 

fl  We  manufactui'e  the  Spiinklers  and  almost  ull  the  other  parts 
for  the  complete  installation. 

^  Oui-  engineering  stafE  has  behind  it  the  experience  of  many 
years  in  the  laying  out  of  thousands  of  entire  installations. 

fl  Our  erecting  staff,  an  expert  organization  which  has  put  in 
these  outfits,  frequently  in  plants  in  full  operation,  is  excep- 
tionally well  trained  in  installing  the  complete  system. 

fl  Our  thoroughly  equipped  manufacturing  plants,  our  branch 
offices,  and  well-stocked  warehouses,  scattered  all  over  the 
Unif«d  States  and  Canada,  avoid  the  annoying  delays  incident 
to  distance. 

fl  In  other  words,  we  are  ready  to  lay  out  a  system,  get  right 
on  the  job  and  push  it  to  a  finish.  Send  us  your  plans  and 
let  us  make  an  estimate.  It  will  cost  you  nothing,  and  may 
save  your  client  a  great  deal  of  trouble  and  expense. 

GENERAL  FIRE  EXTINGUISHER  CO. 

EXECUTIVE  OFFICES:  PROVIDENCE,  R.  I. 


,    pleaae   mention    Archltec 


24 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING, 


lEIElE 


ROCKWOOD 
SPRINKLER  CO 


FOR 


COMPLETE 

Q  AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  B 

°  EQUIPMENTS  ° 

Approved  bj  All  Insurance  Interettt 


NEW  YORK  OFFICE 
n  UNDERWRITERS'  BUILDING 


123  WILLIAM  STRErET 
NEW  YORK 


T«l«phoB«,  980  Joha 


anmr 


Build 

with 

Berger's 


It  replaces  wood  stick  for  stick  in  the 
superstructures  of  residences  and  medium- 
si  zed  buildings — is  used  successfully  in 
conjunction  with  structural  steel  in  larger 
buildings. 

Metal  Joists  can  be  used  with  any  ex- 
terior wall  construction  and  provide 
a  shock-proof  and  non-combustible  su- 
perstructure that  is  practically  inde- 
structible. 

Write  for  "ME.TAL  LUMBCR" 
It  gives  details.    Free  on  request. 

Nsw  Yark  THEr  CWct^o 

DosloD  _  ««•       M         St.  Loais 

PhilsdelpUs    Berger  Mfg.  Co.    MlnneipoU, 

CANTON,  OHIO 

We  alaomiitinhrtnrc  M«t«l 
Oelllnir*,  Sidewalk  Y^^rm%^ 
SMewalk  LiKbtK,MaUlplez, 
Rih-TruH  anil  P«Trr>-Lithlo 
Plat«a,  Metal  Latb,  etc. 


Sao  Frandtco 


started,  most  of  which  was  destroyed  or  seri- 
ously damaged.  The  damage  to  the  building 
was  comparatively  slight  and  confined  strictly 
to  the  fourth  floor  except  some  water  damage  to 
the  first  floor  ceilings,  the  intermediate  floors 
apparently  having  suffered  no  injury.  The  plas- 
tering on  the  fourth  floor  was  scaled  off  where 
the  fire  was  hottest,  but  the  tile  furring  and 
under  side  of  cinder  concrete  arches  were  not 
damaged. 

"The  confinement  of  this  intensely  hot  fire  to  a 
relatively  small  space  on  the  floor  where  it  orig- 
inated was  doubtless  due  to  a  great  extent  to  the 
fact  that  all  openings  into  stair  and  elevator 
shafts  and  also  those  in  corridor  and  room  par- 
titions were  provided  with  fire  doors,  and  to  the 
absence  o£  all  wood  or  other  combustible  mate- 
rial in  the  interior  trim  and  finish  of  the  build- 
ing, thus  illustrating  the  marked  advantages  of 
this  character  of  construction.  A  fire  of  this 
nature  in  a  building  less  thoroughly  fireproofed 
would  most  likely  have  resulted  in  a  far  more 
serious  loss,  if  not  the  practical  destruction  of 
the  building." 


THE  OFT-REPEATED  STORY  OF  THE 
SHINGLE  ROOF 

According  to  the  papers  of  February  21  and 
thereafter,  a  fire  occurred  in  Houston,  Texas, 
on  that  date,  which  razed  25  blocks  and  destroyed 
$5,000,000  of  property.  The  fire  started  in  a 
small  one-story  frame  building  and  sparks  and 
brands  were  blown  by  a  high  wind  to  nearby 
shingle  roofs  on  frame  structures.  The  result 
was  inevitable,  and  the  fire  spread  to  mills,  fac- 
tories and  manufacturing  plants,  destroying 
everything  in  its  path  and  was  only  checked  at 
Buffalo  Bayou,  a  small  stream  that  intercepted  its 
course. 


FIREPROOF  DIGEST 
This  is  the  title  of  a  new  publication  which 
has  appeared  with  its  first  issue  in  February. 
The  appearance  of  the  publication  is  promising, 
and  it  has  a  new  field  before  it — that  of  a  popu- 
lar magazine  of  fireproofing  and  fire  prevention; 
one  that  will  appeal  to  the  general  reader  who 
has  a  serious  turn  of  mind.  The  preparation  of 
the  paper  is  most  excellent.  It  is  superbly  printed, 
and  the  illustrations  appear  to  the  best  advan- 
tage. The  articles  relate  to  the  general  subject 
of  fireproofing  and  fire-prevention  and  are  of  a 
more  or  less  popular  nature. 

(Continued  on  page  26) 

G>iisolidated  Chandelier  Co* 

MAKUFAOTURSBS  OF 

Gas  and  Electric  Fiztore* 

132-136  W.  14tli  St.  NEW  YORK  CTTV 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BVILDIXC. 


OF 

ING 

]T10N 


detailed  drawing,  ai 
the  forms  of  notes 
drawings.     Buckrm 

WM.  T.  COMS 

Pnbllal 
23  WARREN  ST..  Pi 


Fart  II.    FriTkte  City  0«n|es. 

'wt  III.  SnbnrtMn  uid  Clt;  Pablic  Oan|M. 

V —  „■    «.,__  •.-.  O»r»jo«, 

ipiiieiilauidAGcaaMriM. 

iBtratioDH  of  Garages 
louBBB  consiBting  o(  iD- 
or  photographs  Knd 
I  from  the  deeigiiB  of 
LDOwn  ATchit«ctB. 
ratio  hb  compiled  by 
lipB  Com  stock 


.  Comstock  Co. 


SbceL  New  Tork 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Fire  Protection 


Ancle  HoM  ViWca 

littJt  BfleDliDa  M  paid  In  it>  io^lallDB. 
DimiulF   the  cknKnl  of   chuuK  by 

ihat   Tou'll  )>"c  "    ■PcJiuicc  <J  the 
hi^lnl  irfideocy  u  lo  quafily,  finiki. 


U  and  tther  data  gladly  si 


John  Simmons  Co. 


102-110  Centre  St.. 


TO  IMPROVE  FIRE  HOSE 


Sec.    Wentworlh    Urges    It    Be    Brought    Under 
Governmental  Regulation 

Boston,  Mass.,  Jan.  16,  1912.— Speaking  here 
tonight  at  the  fifteenth  annual  banquet  of  the 
Boston  Credit  Men's  Association,  al  Young's  Ho- 
tel, Franklin  H.  Wenlworth,  secretary  of  the 
National  Fire  Protection  Association,  declared 
that  if  the  manufacturers  of  Rre  hose  are  not 
willing  voluntarily  to  improve  the  quality  of 
their  product  their  business  should  be  brought 
under  Governmental  regulation.  "An  act  of  Con- 
gress was  necessary,"  he  .laid,  "to  protect  the  pen- 
pie  from  the  poisons  of  adulterated  drugs;  and  a 
like  enactment  may  be  necessary  to  protect  them 
from  shoddy  fire  hose.  It  would  seem  that  those 
industries  which  thrive  upon  the  common  dan- 
gers and  misfortunes  should  be  especially  sensi- 
tive to  their  public  responsibilities  in  the  furnish- 
ing of  an  honest  product.  Unfortunately,  as  our 
tire  dangers  and  fire  waste  have  increased,  the 
quality  of  public  department  fire  hose  has  dete- 
riorated. Every  piece  of  hose  which  bursts  at  a 
fire  may  cause  loss  of  life  and  must  necessarily 
cause  loss  of  property  by  delaying  the  extinguish- 
ment of  the  fire.  From  Maine  to  California  there 
come  to  my  desk  almost  daily  reports  of  bursting 
hose.  There  is  no  excuse  for  this  except  that  it 
makes  a  market  for  hose.  The  manufacturers 
can  make  a  hose  that  will  not  burst.  \\  a  tire 
in  Norwich.  Conn.,  the  other  evening.  Chief  Stan- 
ton was  compelled  to  cut  a  piece  of  hose  thai 
had  l>een  in  constant  use  by  his  department  for 
twenty-three  years.  The  hose  manufacturers  are 
not  selling  that  quality  of  hose  to  fire  depart- 
ments today,  and  do  not  wish  to. 

"There  has  always  been  more  or  less  of  a 
mystery  regarding  the  make-up  of  fire  hose  and 
this  has  been  fostered  by  those  engaged  in  its 
manufacture.  Very  few  buyers  or  users  have 
had  sufficient  technical  knowledge  of  the  ingre- 
dients used  or  of  their  assembleinent  to  enable 
them  to  prepare  specifications  sufficiently  wtH 
balanced  to  insure  the  receipt  of  fire  hose  of  the 
quality  desired.  Municipal  authorities  and  fire 
departments  have  been  obliged  to  accept  the  state- 
ments of  the  manufacturers  or  their  sales  agents 
and  to  purchase  fire  hose  without  any  real  infor- 
mation as  to  the  quality  of  the  goods  paid  for. 

"This  has  led  to  the  establishment  of  the  pres- 
ent almost  universal  practice  of  selling  fire  hose 
under  'trade  names'  or  "brands'  which  are  sup- 
posed to  indicate  and  in  many  cases  undoubtedly 
have  indicated  the  quahty  of  the  materials  siip- 
plied.  In  consequence,  where  the  better  qualities 
of  fire  hose  have  in  the  past  been  secured,  a  verj- 
strong  inclination  is  found  on  the  part  of  the  fire 
departments  to  continue  to  buy  the  particular 
brand  which,  in  their  opinion,  has  given  good 
service.  This  is  natural  and  so  long  as  the  trad* 
name  represented  the  high  quality  of  materials 
which  was  responsible  for  its  good  reputation,  no 
great  danger  existed." 


When   writing  Aavertleeri,    please   i 


and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING 

STOP  THAT  FEARFUL  FIRE  L< 

Would  Have  Prevented  All  of  It 

It  reduces  insurance  rates  in  handsome  proportion 
Its    use   means    safety    and    protection    against   fir 

H.  G.  VOCEL  COMPANY,  u.«JS?lf.7 

CWlMI.  ■„  Wtriifi  WH—  IMi.  ChihwH,  ■„  tm^  TraWIIfc.  Un^,  1. 1.,  SIM> 

■Mm.  Nui.,  II  MM  tl.  Ijrtftji,  ■.  T.^  EWiMt  M.  IHi.  MmItmI.  Ch..  Ki 


Thomas  Morton, 

169  Elm  Street.  New  York. 


Copper  Cable 
Steel  " 

Champion  Metal 
Steel  Champion 


I  SASH  CHAINS. 


All  ft  III Q  For  Sawa'Jil.Keavy  pDon.  8itei,  etc. 


I  ALL  af  5UPEWI0I1  QUALIH. 


?   and    liulldiiiK. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


WASH  METHOD  OF  HANDLING* 
WATER-COLOR.  By  Frank  Forest 
Frederick,  Director  of  School  o£  In- 
dustrial Art,  Trenton,  N.  J. 

"THIS  LITTLE  book  afforda  a  stimulus  to  the  use 
of  water-color  aa  practicerl  by  the  earlier  painlers, 
whose  beButiful  work  is  uneicelled.' --Inland  Printer. 

Price,  postpaid,  SO  cents 

SIMPLIFIED  MECHANICAL 
PERSPECTIVE.  By  Frank  Forest 
Frederick, 

A  BOOK  of  Mrnple  practical  probLeim.  with  sufficient 
oiplanations  to  make  it  a  good  text  book.  It  aims  to 
develop  "the  perspective  sense"  as  well  us  to  teach  the 
drawing  of  lineg- 

Price,  postpaid,  7S  cents 

HANDWORK  IN  WOOD.     By 

William  Noycs,  Assistant  Professor  De- 
partment of  Industrial  Art,  Teachers' 
College,  Columbia  University, 

A   COMPREHENSIVE  and  Hbolarly  treatise  on 

to  the  6ais^  Sle?*Ten"haptera,7^e%ncA  a"t™e 
end  of  every  cbapler.    Bibliography,    304  illuitrations. 

Price,  postpaid,  $2.00 

Send  for  the  "Apptoved  List  of  Books  on  the 

THE  MANUAL  ARTS  PRESS 

600  German  Fire  Insur.  Bide-,  Peoria,  111. 


JUST    PUBLISHED 

Practical 
Cement   Work 

By  W.  B.  HENRY 

PRICE,  50  CENTS 

A  book  that  i-ill  be  of  assistanre  to  you  every 
day  in  the  week,  no  mailer  wliat  line  of  cement- 
concrete  construction  you  are  engaged  in. 
Neatly  Bound  la  Cloth 
113  Pates— 4>ix6Ji 
CONTENTS: 
Portland  Cement,  The  Unit  of  Puichasc,  Stor- 
ing Cement,  Sand,  h^tegaxta.  Mortar,  Form- 
um.  Mixing  Aggregates,  Concrete,  Reinforced 
Concrete.  Form  Building,  Waterproofing,  Col- 
oring, Cost  Data,  Testing  Cement,  Foundations 
and  Walls,  Cement  Houses  and  How  they  are 
Built,     Cement    Plaster    and    Stucco    Houses, 
Water  and   Steam   Curing,  Condition  of   Sea- 
soning Blocks,    Sand   Lime    Brick,   Sidewalks, 
Floors  for  Cellars,  Basemenis  and  Stables. 
Addrlss 

THE  CONCRETE  AGE 

ATIANTA  GEORGIA 


DEPARTMENT  CONSOUU.\TION' 
At  the  monthly  meeting  of  the  Wychuft 
Heights  Taxpayers'  .Association,  Adam  E.  Fischer, 
a  New  York  architecl,  riffered  a  resolution  which 
embodied  ihe  following  recommendaiion :  "W* 
recommend  that  the  work  now  being  done  bv  the 
ilMreau  of  Fire  Prevention,  Health,  Water,  Tene- 
ment Hotise  and  Building  Departments,  where 
applicable  (o  the  construction  and  alteration,  -a 
well  as  to  the  inspection  of  buildings,  he  con- 
solidated under  one  head,  thereby  fixing  the 
responsibility,  reducing  the  cost  of  maintenance  to 

a   reasonable   amount," Resolutions   of   ihi? 

character  which  involve  the  re-organiiation  of 
city  departments  often  appear,  but  the  aclnal 
work  of  such  re-organizalion  is  not  only  diffi- 
cult, but  expensive,  and  with  the  usual  entry  nf 
political  influence,  it  is  doubtful  if  such  a  move- 
ment would  be  a  real  advantage  when  put  into 
etTeci. 

A  paper  entitled  "The  Arrangement  and  Layout 
of  the  Machine  Shop"  was  delivered  by  Mr.  W. 
T.  \\*alters  before  the  American  Society  of  En- 
gineer Draftsmen  on  March  21.  The  assump- 
tion was  made  in  the  beginning  that  a  proper 
building  was  in  existence  which  answered  all 
refjuiremenls.  The  paper  was  synthetically  de- 
\elopcd.  and  delivered  in  a  concise,  tabulated 
form,  presenting  the  possibilities  that  might  be 
met  in  designing  a  machine  shop  for  different 
classes  of  manufacture.  It  was  a  useful  presen- 
tation of  the  idea,  and  one  that  might  be  tised  to 
advantage  by  an  architect  who  was  called  upon 
to  design  a  mill  or  factory  building  to  contain  a 
machine  shop,  in  that  given  the  requirements. 
he  would  have  a  better  grasp  of  the  uses  to  which 
the  building  was  to  be  put  and  could  therefort 
belter  its  design. 

Two  papers  read  before  the  American  Sociei>- 
of  Enginer  Draftsmen  on  February-  iSth  attracted 
a  considerable  audience.  One  related  to  the 
"Training  of  Draftsmen"  by  Prof.  F.  G.  Higbee, 
and  the  other  to  "A  Numl)er  of  Common  Faults 
of  Draftsmen."  by  William  F.  Tumbull. 


GORTON 

WROUGHT  STEEL  BOILERS 


■Key  are   high  grade  in  e-'m' 
sense  of  the  word— none  bettrr- 

lot  yourttli  tit"  lupfTWnW. 

Gorton  ft  Lidjerwood  <* 

ti  LlfceitT  Slmt.  NEV  YOU 

Boston,  182  Hirt.SL 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING.  29 

Roman  Cities  in  Italy  &nd  Dalmatia 

By  A.  L.  FROTHINGHAM,  Ph.  D. 
ProIeBsor  of  Ancient  History  and  Archaeology  at  Princeton  University. 

A  picture  of  Ancient  Italy  and  pre-Augustan  Rome  drawn  from  her  rivals  has  not  jel 
been  made.  This  book  is  a  first  sketch  (or  such  a  picture  ki  popular  form,  and  the  work 
gives  a  most  interesting  account  ot  these  ancient  cities.  It,  Is  Illustrated  by  many  full 
page  plates  showing  the  various  buildings  and  their  decorative  [eatures,  also  Interiors  and 
details.  ArchlCsctB  and  students  will  find  It  a  most  Interesting  volume  to  add  to  their  li- 
braries.    Sixty-one  page  plates,  Cloth,  price  net,  91. 7S;  postpaid,  91.OO. 

For  sale  by 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COHSTOCK  COMPANY,  PubUsher.  23  Warns  Street,  N.  Y. 


Dixon*s  Silica-Graphite  Paint 

Protects  the  structural  steel  worlc  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildings;  American 
Woolen  Company's  Buildinu;  Gimbcl  Department  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
&  Xrust  Company' s  Building,  Savannahi  Ga. ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Com- 
pany's Building,  San    Francisco,  Cal.,   and  numerous   other  structures. 


Wrili  ui  fer  "  Nalablt  'BuiUing  Liil,"  and  other  paini  liferalure 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jersey  aiy.  n.  j. 


When  wrltlne  AdvertlHers.   please  r 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUJLDIXG. 


8S6     HQBBAX     H1I.I. 


Edwards  Electrical  Construction  Go. 


FOBUBBL 


39   EAST  43d  STREET.   NEW  YORK 

OHTBACT    DBPABTMENT.    EDWARDS    t    CO.    EBTABLIBHBD    1871 


Industrial  Progress 

COAL   HOLE   COVER   AND   VENTILATOR 
A  new  device  has  been  placed  on  the  market  by 

the  Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Company,  which  is  a 
vast  improvement  over  the  ordinary  type  of  coal- 
hole cover  or  manhole  cover  which  is 
employed  in  city  buildings  everywhere  ov'er  side- 
walk vaults  and  coal  chutes  into  the  basements. 


walk.  The  sectional  illustrations  explain  the 
working  fully.  The  cone  lock  engages  a  hook 
in  the  bottom  of  the  lop  cover  and  is  fastened 
by  means  of  an  ordinary  chain  to  a  hook  or 
fastening  in  the  cellar  or  vault  below.  When 
the  chain  is  released,  the  upper  cover  may  be 
raised,  the  cone  unhooked,  the  ventilator  cover 
raised  into  position,  and  again  fastened  securely 
by  the  chain,  by  means  of  this  cone,  as  shown 
in  the  lower  illustration.  The  great  advantages  of 
this  device,  which  is  known  as  the  duplex  safety 
coal-hole  cover  and  ventilator,  arc  the  simplicity 
of  its  operation  and  the  cone  lock  which  pro- 
vides a  fastening  for  both  top  cover  and  grating 
when  either  are  in  use.  Further  circular  matter 
descriptive  of  this  invention  may  be  obtained 
from  the  Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Company,  262 
Monitor   St.,   Brooklyn,   N.  Y. 


The  Osborn  Engineering  Company  j 
that  on  and  after  April  1,  1912,  their  main  offices 
will  be  located  at  740  Engineers'  Building,  Cleve- 
land. Ohio. 


This  device,  as  shown  by  our  illustrations,  com- 
bines with  the  ordinary  coal-hole  cover  a  ven- 
tilator. The  ventilator  rests  just  below  the  cover, 
and  when  it  is  desired  to  obtain  a  circulation  of 
air  through  the  opening,  the  top  cover  may  be 
removed  and  the  lower  or  ventilating  cover  lifted 
into  place  and  brought  to  the  level  of  (he  side- 


SPRING  IS  HERE 
and  with  the  flowers  that  bloom  in  the  spring 
come  the  candidates,  ornithological,  political,  etc. 
Promises  are  as  abundant  as  buds  on  the  peach 
tree.  The  point  we  make  is,  what  will  be  the 
performance,  the  fruit,  for,  like  Harriman,  "we 
are  practical   men." 

The  sparrow  begins  at  dawn  with  a  brave  chirp, 
but  up  to  dewy  eve  he  has  not  evolved  anythii^ 
fuller  than  a  repetition  of  that  noise,  thin  as  tin. 

The  lustrous  starling  sits  on  our  fence,  opens 
his  great  yellow  bill  and  promises  something 
wonderful,  but  to  date  it  has  amounted  to  nothing 
more  than  a  raucous  disappointment  Robin  red- 
breast on  our  lawn,  and  spotted  thrush  in  our 
wood,  trill  out  music  that  satisfies  from  promise 
to  performance.  Next  spring  we  will  choose 
these  two  omitholc^ical  candidates  without  giv- 
ing the  others  even  a  trial,  (or  they  have  made 

(Continued  on  page  32) 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


Material  and  woiIe  iha  alandard  tar  14  joari.     Our  roputation  tha  baat  p»»tli»« 
endanca  ai  to  anr  anperiarity. 


CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO., 


32M27  Eut  Mth  St.,  NEW  YORK 


When  ffrltlnK  AdvertiHera.  pleas?  r 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


A    POPULAR    CLUB 

T"'  STUDENTS'  AND 
DRAFTSMEN'S 
LIBRARY    CLUB 


SJANY  of  our  readers  are  taking  advantage  of  the 
f)  SPECIAL  TERMS  it  offers  for  securing  an 
'I  Architectural  or  Technical  Library  on  Small 
U  Monthly  Payments.  If  interested,  write  for 
particulars  and  list  of  books  offered. 


THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 

23  WARREN  STREET  NEW  YORK  CITY 

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Railroad   Avenua         P«u|tik*e»sls,    1 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

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Fittings 

Etc. 

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REINFORCED  CONCRETE  FLOORS 
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'"^,. 


The  political  candidates  are  springing  up  every- 
where. Their  promises  fill  the  air.  The  people 
will  choose  the  man  who  will  be  strong  on  per- 
formance. Will  it  be  the  pedagogue  from  Jer- 
sey, Teddy,  the  perpetual  candidate,  the  lion  of 
the  Buckeye  Stale,  the  Eplctetus  of  New  York, 
the  trumpet  of  Wisconsin,  Clark,  Underwood, 
favorite  sons,  a  dark  horse,  or  Billiken,  who  says 
he  is  the  "God  of  things  as  they  ought  to  be"? 

The  paint  candidates  also  bloom  in  the  spring 
Examine  their  composition  and  record.  The 
National  Hardware  Bulletin  of  October  1911 
urges  users  lo  shun  protective  paints  that  use 
petroleum  or  its  products  as  a  vehicle  or  adulter- 
ant. Dixon's  Silica-Graphite  paint  uses  only  pure, 
boiled  linseed  oil  as  its  lasting  and  elastic  ve- 
hicle. There  is  a  persistent  cling  and  resistance 
to  abrasion  about  it  because  of  the  paint's  silica 
ingredient.  The  graphite  in  it  makes  it  a  peerless 
paint  for  unctuousness  and  resistance  to  gases 
brine,  acids,  ice.  damp,  heat  and  cold.  It  costs 
a  little  more,  but  it  is  economical  because  oi 
longer  service,  thus  saving  in  labor  and  material 
The  record  tells.  We  have  made  Dixon's  Silica- 
Graphile  paint  in  one  quality  only  tor  nearly 
fifty  years— four  colors.  Use  it  in  original  cans, 
and  see  that  the  contractor  does  not  adulterate, 
and  that  he  steel-brushes  the  surface.  Used 
around  the  circle  of  the  world  on  leading  rail- 
roads, bridges,  buildings,  pipes  of  all  sorts, 
fences,  gas  tanks,  water  towers,  trolley  poles  and 
trucks,  roofs,  steel  cars,  and  wherever  there  is 
steel  or  iron  to  protect  from  corrosion. 

Spring  is  here.       You   will   lie  examining  your 
steel   work   after   (he   winter'.^!   wear.      Use  peer- 
less  Dixon's    Silica-Graphite   paint   to   protect  il. 
Made  in  Jersej-  City,  N.  J.,  for  all  the  world. 
From  "Graphite"   for  April. 


The  Lea  Equipment  Company  have  just  issued 
a  pamphlet  descriptive  of  several  types  of  high- 
duty,  turbine  pumps,  or  centrifugal  pumps,  5Dcb 
as  they  manufacture.  These  punips  are  thor- 
oughly adaptable  for  fire  service  and  a  list  of 
four  standard  sizes  together  with  the  number 
of  lli"  streams  each  will  supply  at  100  pounds 
pressure  is  given.  A  curve  of  the  eificieney 
is  presented,  as  well  as  a  diagram  of  the  struc- 
tural features  of  the  pump.  This  firm  has  moved 
its  general   offices   to   Philadelphia   in  connection 

{Continued  on  page  34.) 


""  SOLID 
„    PORCEUIN 
.'^  REFRIGERATOR 


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.IRCHlTECrURE   AAD   BUILDING.  3- 

AfGbitecuudBiuider>ii»id|niivnii|.i«  £VANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BOLTS 

WITH  DOUBLE.  END  GR.IP  EXPANSION 
Constructed  on  NEW  lines.      Grip  at  BOTH  ENDS,  and  on  ALL 

bides.      Cannot  work  loose. 

^^IS^^il??"  r.  H.  EVANS  (sJ:Xt..?!J>31-33.MHeJesSt.!Brookli^N.Y. 


L  Van  Dorn's  Steel  Joist  Hanger 

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|§  Send  for  Calilogue  and  refer  to  this  Moguine 

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".-■  I  Steel  Buildings,  Wrought  Iron  Fencing,  Iron  Bridges,  Jail  and 

§,  Prison  Work,  Metallic  Office  Furniture,  etc. 


BOYD    EQUIPMENT    COMPANY 

CONTRACTING    ENGINEERS 

HEATING  PLUMBING  ELECTRIC 

COMPLETE  POWER  PLAMTS  373  Foupth  Avenue,  NEW  YORK 


The  A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co. 

Main  Office:  220  Broadway,  New  York 


FARRAND'S  SELF-CLINCHING  NAILS 

TiMe  Naila  fasten  direct  to  Hollo 

of  preparing  Fireproof  Walla  to  receive  > _  _ _.. 

ctanty  of  burying  combustible  wooden  nailinK  bloctain  tl._ 

full  freedom  foe  chanEing  planaorcomcling  errors  in  the  location  of  in 

Alio  used  for  attaching  fixtures  to  all  types  of  finished  hollow  walls. 

SELF-CLINCHING  NAIL  COMPANY,  44  N.  Fourth  St.,  PhUadelphIa,  Pa. 

FREIGHT  ELEVATORS 

Our  tcit  power  michineB  have  Hindlev.Tyie  of  Worm  Geaiing  and  Ball  Thrust  Burlogi.  which  redacea  the  triction 

DUMBWAITERS    °'""'""°"""      '   '""""'""cELLAR  HOISTS,  Etc. 

'^SSSiS"'         J.  G.  SPEIDEL,  Reading,  Pa. 


Plate  Glass  Window  Glass 

Skylight  and  Floor  Glass.     RoUed  Cathedral,  beautiM  tints.     Embossed,  Enameled  and  Colored 
Glass.     A  full  stock  of  Plain  Window  Glass.     Every  Variety  for  Architects'  and  Builders'  Use. 

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lUlnB   AdverltBe 


34 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING, 


A  Primer  of 

Architectural 

Drawing 

For  Young  Students 


ByWiii.S.B.Dana,B.S. 

(Mass.  Inst,  of  Technology) 


Being:  ^  progressive  series  of 
DRAWING  BOARD  PROB- 
LEMS, the  embodiment  of  the 
author's  teaching  in  the  Mechanics' 
Institute  of  New  York  City. 
Intensely  practical  in  that  theory  is 
obliterated  by  the  author's  system  of 
CONSTRUCTION  ON  PAPER. 
This  book  makes  a  strong  appeal, 
because  it  is  interesting  and  the 
shortest  course  to  a  practical 
knowledge  of  the  elements  of  archi- 
tectural structural  drawing  yet 
evolved. 

There  are  twenty-five  problems, 
each  illustrated  by  a  plate  and  with 
i6i  explanatory  detail  figures. 

The    Problems    cover    the    following 

subjects: 

Floors  and  Walls  of  Brick,  Stone  and 

Wood. 
Framing:  of  Floors,  Walls  and  Roofs. 
Development   of   Roof   Forms. 
Section  of  a  Frame  House. 
Bricklayinar  and  Bonding. 
Brick    Walls:    Doors:    windows    and 

their   Casings. 
Stairs.    Wood    and   Iron. 
Construction  of  Fireplace  or  Chimney. 

154  pages,  cloth,  pocket  siiee.  Fries  91.25 

PUBLISHER 

The  Wm.  L  Gomstock  Gos 

23  Warren  St.,  New  York 


The  subject  of  lubrication  for  mechanical  in- 
stallations, even  the  smallest  of  isolated  plants,  is 
one  which  requires  study  so  that  the  maximum 
economy  may  be  obtained  while  the  plant  is  in 
operation.  In  designing  a  mechanical  plant  for 
a  building  of  any  size,  an  architect  is  dependent 
upon  the  mechanical  engineer  for  his  assistance 
and  advice.  Yet  the  architect  requires  a  gen- 
eral knowledge  of  the  subject.  Complete  lubri 
eating  systems  which  pipe  the  oil  from  a  central 
reservoir  direct  to  all  the  machinery,  re-collect 
and  clean  the  waste,  are  frequently  being  installed. 
The  economy  of  these  systems  is  unquestioned 
and  in  planning  a  mechanical  plant  and  estimat- 
ing its  original  cost,  such  a  system  should  be 
included  bv  the  architect. 


We  are  in  receipt  of  an  interesting  booklet 
distributed  by  the  Metropolitan  Electric  Mfg. 
Co.,  which  is  descriptive  of  the  detachable  mech- 
anism, push-button  switches,  lock  switches  and 
flush  receptacles  manufactured  by  them.  The 
booklet  contains  a  number  of  well  executed  and 
interesting  cuts,  showing  push  buttons,  plates, 
contact  boxes,  plugs,  etc.  A  price  list  together 
with  a  table  of  standard  sizes  for  gang  plates 
and  tandem  gangs  is  another  interesting  feature 
of  the  book  and  will  prove  of  great  assistance 
to  the  prospective  purchaser  in  selecting  mate- 
rials and  gauging  expense. 

The  Metropolitan  Electric  Mfg.  Co.  would  be 
pleased  to  send  a  copy  of  this  booklet  to  any  one 
interested,  upon  application  to  them  at  their 
office.  East  Avenue  and  14th  Street,  Long  Island 
Citv. 


The  National  Tube  Company,  of  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.,  have  issued  a  bulletin  known  as  No.  7,  con- 
cerning their  re-grinding  valves.  To  any  archi- 
tect or  engineer  requiring  such  products  and 
wishing  to  investigate  the  merits  of  various  pat- 
terns, this  bulletin  is  of  value.  Bulletin  No.  5, 
issued  by  the  same  company,  deals  with  steel  pipe 
versus  wrought  iron  pipe  in  refrigerating  work, 
and  is  an  instructive  paper. 


An  automatic  cellar  drainer  particularly  adapt- 
ed for  use  in  pits,  sumps,  cellars,  tanks,  or  other 
receptacles  where  it  is  desired  to  keep  water  or 
other  liquids  at  a  given  level,  has  been  placed 
upon  the  market  by  the  Penberthy  Injector  Com- 
pany, of  Detroit,  Mich.  The  drainer  is  operated 
automatically  by  a  float  which  controls  a  quick 
opening  and  closing  valve.  It  is  so  arranged  that 
the  valve  is  never  partly  open.  The  float  is  so 
controlled  that  when  the  high  point  of  the  water 
is  reached  the  valve  is  thrown  fully  open  and 
when  the  low  point  is  reached  the  valve  is  com- 
pletely closed.  This  gives  quick,  positive  action 
to  the  drainer,  which  operates  on  the  injector 
principle  and  reduces  the  time  of  service  and 
prevents  dripping,  leakage  and  other  annoyances. 

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ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


Heraldry  Illustrated 

By  WH.  B.  ABBOTT 

Being  a  ebowt  account  of  the 

Origin  and  History  of  Heraldry 

and  an  •zplanation  of  its  nature,  with  practical 
directions  for  diawing  and 

Painting  Goats  of  Arms 

to  which  is  added  a  Glossary  of  the  terms 
used  in  the  Science  of  Heraldry.  There  Is  also 
a  chapter  on  the  drawing  and  painting  of 
Coats  of  Arms,  which  will  prove  of  great  as- 
sistance to  those  unaccustomed  to  the  work. 
The  glossary  contains  about  fifteen  hundred 
deflultlons  of  heraldic  terms,  many  in  French 
and  Latin. 

To  Architects,  Designers  and  others  who 
desire  to  acquire  a  Icnowledge  of  this  in- 
teresting art,  it  will  prove  of  invaluable  ser- 
Tlce. 

700  Explanatory  Engravings,  127  pages, 
bound  In  red  cloth;  price,  (2.00. 

THE  WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO. 


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THF 

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irltboal  aleain  pomr,  eaalspM 

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CONSTRUCTION  NEWS 

Con^witOTs,  MBtorlal  Hen,  BnUd^n,  Hmai 
taotorcra.  in  net  Anrbodj  InurHUd  In  Oonilruetli 
HtmofaU  kloda.  DbMlD  rn>m  dot  itilj  raporta  Qnk 
BaUatbl«  IntftnnBtlon.  Oar  apaeUl  cormpODdanU  I 
orar  Itw  eoBnlrr  mikbl*  ui  to  (1t«  onr  patrona  tlw  nawi 
■dvaDM  ot  timt  wmpatlton  ud  bafora  It  bm  bMoa 
eommon  nropartr. 

Lit  n*  knair  what  roa  want  and  wa  will  land  fonumsl 
and  QDOta  jou  pricaa. 

PRESS  CLIPPINGS 

P»aa  ClipplDsn  on  any  anbjeet  from  all  tba  iMdlncai 
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of  tha  niOtwl  BUUa  tni  Canada.  PnbUo  Spsnkal 
Writan.  BtDdsaU  snd  Clnb  Woman,  can  aeenial 
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1328-I33i  RepnbUo  Bnlldlai 
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ind  Building. 


36  ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 

Magmnis' Practical  Books 

HOW  TO  FRAME  A  HOUSE 

or  HOUSE  AND  ROOF   FRAMING 

By  GIVEN  B.  MAGINNIS 

FAKT  I.—BallooB  Framlutf.  PART  II.— Roof  Framing 

PART  ill. — ^How  to  frame  the  timbers  of  a  brick  bouse. 

One  Octavo  Vol. ,  Cloth  80  Illustrations  PRICE  $1.00 

ROOF  FRAMING  MADE  EASY 

A  practical  and  easily  comprehended  system  of  laying  out  and  framing  roofs,  adapted  to 
modem  building  construction.  The  methods  are  made  clear  and  intelligible,  by  76  engravings 
with  extensive  explanatory  text. 

SECOND  EDITION,    REVISED  AND  ENLARGED 
One  Octavo  Vol.,  Cloth  PRICE  $1.00 

How  to  Measure  Up  Woodwork  for  Buildings 

Describing  the  simplest  and  most  accurate  methods  to  be  followed  when 
figuring  up  woodwork  for  either  brick  or  frame  houses. 


By  OWEN  B.  MAGINNIS,  Architect 
Fully  Illustrated,  Cloth  PRICE  $0.dO 

PRACTICAL    CENTRING 

TREATING  OF 

The  Practice  of  Centriny  Arches  in  Building  Construction 

The  work  embraces  each  subject  in  detail  and  in  language  that  practical  men  can  under- 
stand, and  is  especially  commended  to  students  attending  trade,  technical  and  architectural  schools. 

By  OWEN  B,  MAGINNIS 


Sixty-five  Illustrations  Bound  in  Cloth  PRICE  $1.50 

BRICKLAYING 

By  OWEN  B.  MAGINNIS 


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It  covers  the  important  operations  and  methods  necessary  in  altering  brick  buildings,  and  the 
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FIRE  PREVENTION 


Architecture  and  'Building  h  about  to  present  a  series  of 
articles  dealing  with  the  practical  preventive  measures  of  this 
npw  country  wide  movement  to  check  our  great  national 
extragavance:  The  Annual  Fire  Waste. 

Automatic  Spriniiler  Equipment   of  Loft  Buildings 

is  the  first  subject  to  be  treated.  These  articles  will  be 
written  by  Mr.  E.  P.  Boone,  Superintendent  of  the  Automatic 
Sprinkler  Department,  New  York   Fire  Insurance  Exchange. 


The  architect  stands  between  his  client  and  the  outer  darkness 
on  all  points  of  building  construction.  With  ever  increasing 
frequency,  these  days,  is  he  called  upon  to  explain  a  sprinkler 
system,  outline  the  method  of  its  installation,  and  give  its  ap- 
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These  articles  by  Mr.  Boone  will  be  a  practical  study  of  sprinkler, 
standpipe  and  supply  tank  equipments,  considered  as  a  portion 
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give  that  amount  of  technical  information  which  is  necessary 
to  a  good  understanding  of  the  practical  principles  of  an  auto- 
matic sprinkler  equipment  without  an  engineering  treatment 
of  the  hydraulic  problems  involved.  The  illustrative  drawings 
which  have  been  prepared  are  taken  from  actual,  approved 
installations.  They  show  sprinkler  equipments  in  several 
types  of  building,  and  illustrate  how  a  building  of  any  particular 
class  may  be  properly  equipped. 

The  complete  series  will  give  the  full  information  that  it  is 
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IL 


THE  AMERICAN  FIRE   WASTE 
AVERAGES $250.000,000 PER  YEAR 


See  page  126  This  Issue 


lOI 


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In  Copper  or  Galvanized  Iroo 

Sloipla  Saad  for 

SktlafKotory         Cat«lo|«e  or  Hodsl 


Globe   Ventilator    Company 

TROV.   N.  Y. 


SILVER  LAKE  A  SASH  CORD 
THE  STANDARD 


Onr  aame  is  stamped  on  tervif  foot  of  oar 
cord. 

Estimate  the  greatest  possible  saving  in  the 
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and  you  are  saved  the  annoyance  and  eipaiSB 
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THE  BBST  IS  THE  CHEAPESr 

SILVER  LAKE  CO.,  Boston 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


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ROME 


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fainting,  Jiecorattng 
NEW  YORK 


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30E 


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30I 


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Architecture  and  Building 

Established  1882  ^  continuation  of  the  Coatinucd  1911 

Architect's  and  'Builder's  Magazine,  1899-1911 

PUBUSHED  MONTHLY  BY 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 
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CONTENTS  FOR  APRIL 
Special  Hotel  Issue 

A  HIGH  BUILDING  THAT  IS  BESAVTIFUIi 130 

By  J.  L. 

THE  VANDERBILT  HOTEL   NBHV  YORK    160 

Warren  and  Wetmore,  Architects. 

THE  TAFT  HOTEL.  NEIV  HAVEN.  CONN 158 

F.  M.  Andrews  and  Company,  Architects. 

THE  CA"WTHON  HOTEL,  MOBILE,  ALA 102 

Hutchisson  and  Denham,  Architects. 

THE    LEAMINGTON     HOTEL.    MINNEAPOLIS,     MINN 164 

THE  GEORGIAN  TERRACE  HOTEL.  ATLANTA,  GA 104 

W.  li.  Stoddart,  Architect. 

THE  CHATEAU  LAURIER,   OTTAIVA,   CAN 104 

Ross  and  MacFarlane,  Architects. 

THE  HOTEL  JEFFERSON,  ST.  LOUIS,  MO 1«5 

Barnett,  Haynes  and  Barnett,  Architects. 

THE  EMERSON  HOTEL.  BALTIMORE,  MD 178 

J.  Evans,  Sperry,  Architect. 

THE  HOTEL  ADOLPHUS,  DALLAS.  TEXAS 178 

Barnett.  Haynes  and  Barnett,  Architects. 

THE  FIREPROOF  HOTEL 18* 

By  Edwin  O.  Torbohm. 

These  Regular  Serial  Articles  Will  Be 
Continued  in  the  May  Issue 

THE  HOLLOIV-TILE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE  VII 

By  Frederick  Squires. 

SWISS    CHALET    DESIGN    VI 

By  Wm.  S.  B.  Dana,  B.  S. 

AUTOMATIC    SPRINKLER   BQUIP3IENT   OF    LOFT    BUILDINGS    II.. 

By  K.  P.  Boone. 


ADVERTISING    REPRESENTATIVES 
D.  R.  Gimbel 
Geo.  H.  Stewart  (Depc.  of  Fircproofine  and  Fire  Protection) 


EDITORIAL  DEPARTMENT 
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Charles  Warren  Hastinsrs.  Assistant  Editor 

Frederick  Sguties,  Contributing  Editor 


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Copyright.   1912,    by   The   Wm.    T.   Oomstock   Co. 
Intiered  m  second-elass  matter,  April  4,  1911,  at  the  Poet  Office  at  New  York.  N.  T., 

under  the  Aet  of  March  8,   18T9. 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


TheMitchellVance 
Company 

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NEW  YOBK 


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Vrohlteflure   and    Bulldlni 


Alphabetical  List  of  Advertisers 


Page 

Adams,    Henry    54 

American    Enameled     Brick    ft 
Tile    Co.,    The 14 

American     Hardware     Corpora- 
tion,   The    1 

A.   P.   W.   Paper  Co 31 

Architectural    Metal    Works 21 

Architectural  Plastering  Co..  Inc.  36 


Badger  &  Sons  Co..  E.  B 31 

Bagues   Freres    Co 2 

Barnes  Co.,  W.  P.  &  John 35 

Barrett    Mfg.    Co.,    The 19 

Barth  &  Son,  L HI  Cover 

Bartlett  &  Snow  Co.,  The  C.  O.  44 

Berger    Mfg.    Co.,    The 24 

Biasing,    Harry    20 

Bollentin    ft    Thompson 21 

Bommer   Bros 16 

Bowser   ft   Co.,    S.    F..    Inc....     2 
Boyd    Equipment    Company....  33 

Bradstreet  ft  Co.,  John  S 2 

Bramhall-Dean    Co 45 

Broderick   &  Bascom  Rope   Co.     6 

Brooklyn  Vault  Ught  Co 35 

Brown,    Davis    36 

Carter,    Black   ft    Ayers 37 

Chicago    Spring   Butt    Co — 

Concrete   Age,    The 28 

Conkling-Armstrong  Terra  Cotta 

Co 29 

Consolidated  Chandelier  Co 24 

Corbin.    P.    ft    F 1 

Cork  ft  Zicha  Marble  Co 30 

Cream  City  Sash  &  Door  Co...  42 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Com- 
pany       13 

Darby    ft    Sons    Co.,    Inc.,    Ed- 
ward     25 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,   Jos 29 

ESdwards   Electrical  Construction 
Co 30 

Evans,   F.    H 33 

Federal   Terra   Cotta   Co 54 

Felber    Engineering    Works....  41 

Pelton.   Sibley  ft   Co 16 

Fiske  ft  Co.,   Inc 53 

Fleischmann    Bros.    Co 15 

Flushovalve    Co 9 

Folsom   Snow   Guard   Co 32 


Page 

General    Fire   Extinguisher   Co.  23 

GIberson  ft  Co.,  E.  F 11 

Globe    Ventilator    Co.... II    Cover 

Gorham  Co.,  The 4 

Gorton  &  Lidgerwood   Co 28 

Goulds   Mfg.    Co..    The 25 

Grant  Pulley   ft   Hardware   Co.  38 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 32 

Grimmer    ft    Son,    Charles 11 

Gustafson    Co..    Albin 11 

Habirshaw    Wire    Company....  42 

Harbison-Walker-Refractories 
Co IV    Cover 

Hasbrouck   Flooring    Co.,    Inc..     2 

Higgins   ft   Co.,   Chaa.    M 85 

International    Silver   Co 15 

Jones,    Thomas    W 32 

Knoburn   Co.,   The 25 

Kohn,   Jacob  ft  Josef 48 

Lane    Bros.    Co — 

Leonard    Construction    Co 54 

Linde     Canadian     Refrigeration 
Co.,    The    47 

Loomis   Manning   Filter   Distri- 
buting   Co IV    Cover 

McFarlane  ft  Douglas  Co 44 

Mackay   Co.,    Robert  E 2 

Manual  Arts  Press,  The 28 

Meriden    Britannia  Co 15 

Metropolitan  Electric  Mfg.  Co. .  52 

Mitchell    Vance    Co.,    The 6 

Mitchell     Furniture     Co.,     The 
Robert     39 

Monument    Plaster    Co 37 

Morton,    Thomas    27 

Nelson  Co.,  W.  P 48 

Newman    Clock    Co 22 

Noelke-Rlchards    Iron    Works. .  49 

Norwalk    Lock    Company 5 

Northwestern    Terra-Cotta    Co.. 
The    38 

O'Connor,   George  A 45 

Otis    Elevator    Company 17 


Pag« 

Polachek    Bronze    ft    Iron    Co., 
John     6 

Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,   S.   H 27 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  82 

Rockwood    Sprinkler    Co 24 

Rouzer     Company,     The     John. 

II  Cover 


Safety    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 
The 27 

See  Electric  Elevator  Co..  The 
A.  B 33 

Selif-Cllnching    Nail     Co 88 

Silver   Lake  Co Il   Cover 

Simmons  Co.,  John 98 

Smith  Marble  and  Construction 
Co.,    Ltd 40 

Spencer  Turbine  Cleaner  Co. ...  43 
Standard   Plunger   Elevator  Co. 

IV  Cover 

Stanley  Works,  The    29 

Star    Expansion    Bolt   Co 16 

Starrett  Company,  Theodore..  15 
Stiles  ft  Son  Brick  Co..  I.  L..  9 
Stickley,    Gustav    31 

Tettenborn    Refrigerators 82 

Thompson     Machine    ft     Supply 
Co.,   Emery 41 

Thomas   ft   Smith.   Inc 48 

Tiffany    Studios    5 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com- 
pany  a 

United   States   Mineral  Wool  Co.  27 

United    States    Press    Clipping 
Bureau    — 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co.,  The.  88 

Vitrolite   Co.,    The 40 

Voigtmann   ft  Co 27 

Voska.    Foelsch  ft   Sidlo,   Inc...  — 


Wallace    ft    Sons    Mfg.    Co.,    R. 

IV  Cover 

Washburne  ft  Co.,  E.  G 35 

Watson-Flagg  Eng.  Co 41 

Wells   Architectural    Iron   Com- 
pany,  The 40 

White  Enamel  Refrigerator  Co. 
of   New   York 46 

Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,   James  G. . . .  16 


snnsini 


Classified   Ad 


NOTE.-Erery  classified  adTertiser  is  entitled  to  insertion  under  one  heading.    Under  extra  headincs,  f5.00  a  year  eaeh 


AIR  PURIFYING   MACHINERY. 

Thomas   &   Smith,    Inc., 

116  Carpenter  St.,  Chicago,  111. 

ARCHITBCTURAL   BRONZE. 

Bagues  Freres  Co 705  Fifth  Ave.,   New  York 

The  Qorham  Co Pitth  Ave.,  N.   Y. 

Polachek    Bronze    A    Iron    Co.,    John, 

144-6-8   Clay    St.    Brooklyn,    New   York 

AWNINGS,   BLINDS,  ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  Jas.  G. 

5  W.   29th   St..   New   York   City 

BOILBR& 

Badger  &   Sons   Co..   E.   B Boston,   Mass 

Gorton  A   Udgerwood   Co., 

96  Liberty    St.,    New  York 

BOLTS— Bzpansionp      Machine      Expansion,      Seheo 

Mooring.  Sebco  Twin,  Toggle. 
Evans.  F.  H... 81-85  Hewes  St.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co..  147-149  Cedar  St.,  N.  Y. 

BRICK— Enameled    Front.     Hollow. 

American  Enamel  Brick  A  Tile  Co.. 

1184  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Carter,  Flack  ft  Ayers 1182  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Fiske  &   Co.,    Inc.. Arena   Building,   New   York 
Harbison- Walker    Refractories   Co., 

30    Church    St..    New    York 
Stiles   &   Sons   Brick   Co..    I.   L., 

North  Haven,   Conn. 

BRIDGES. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co CleToland.   O. 

BRONZE. 

Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John, 

144-6-8  Clay  St.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

BUILDING  CONTRACTORS. 

Fuller  Co.,   Geo.   A.,   Marquette  Bidg..   Chicago. 
Leonard  Construction   Co.. 

McCormlck   Building,    Chicago.    111. 
Starrett  Company,  Theodore,  108  Park  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

BUILDING  DIRECTORY. 

U.  S.  Chaageable  Sign  Co.  .8-7  W.  29th  St..  N.  Y. 

BUTTS.  BALL-BEARING. 

Stanley  Works,  The New  Britain.  Conn. 

CABINET .  WORK. 

Nelson    Co.,    W.    P Chicago-New    York 

CHAIR   MANUFACTURERS. 

Kohn,  Jacob  ft  Josef.  110  W.  27th  St.,  New  York 
Marble  and  Shattuck  Chair  Co.,  The, 

Chicago-New    York. 

CLOCKS— Synchronised,    Watchman's. 

Newman  Clock  Co..  The...  178  Fulton  St.,  N.  Y. 
Prentiss  Clock  ImproTement  Co., 

Dept.  11.  92  Chambers  St.  N.  T. 

COAL  CONVEYING  MACHINERY. 

Bartlett  ft   Snow  Co.,  The  C.   O., 

50  Church   St,   New   York 

CONCRETE  SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton.  O. 

CORDAGE. 

SUTor  Lake  Co Boston.  Mass. 

DOORS 

Cream  City   Sash  &   Door  Co.  .Milwaulcee,  Wise. 


DOOR  HANGERS. 

Lftne  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsle.  N.   T. 

DRAWER  SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  A  Hardware  Co^ 

86   warren   St..   N.   Y. 

DRAWING  INKS-(HlgsiBB). 
Hlggiiia  ft  Co.,  Chaa.  M.. 

271  9th  St.  Brooklyn,  N.  T. 

DUMB  WAITERS. 

Otis  Blorator  Co 17  Battery  Plaoe.  N.  Y. 

Speldel,  J.  O Reading.  Pa. 

ELECTRICAL    CONTRACTORS. 

Boyd   Equipment  Co 378  4th  Ave.,   N.    Y. 

Edwards    Electrical    Construction    Co., 

39  E.   42d   St.,   New  York 
Watson-Flagg    Engineering    Co.. 

Newark,  N.  J.,  and  Paterson,  X.  J. 

ELEVATORS. 

A.   B.   See  Electric  Elevator  Co.,  The, 

220   Broadway,    New    York 

Otis  Elevator  Co 17  Battery  Plaoa,  N.  Y. 

Standard    Plunger    Elevator    Co., 

115   Broadway,   New  York 

ENGINEERS,    ELECTRICAL,    CONSULTING,    ETC. 

Adams,    Henry Baltimore,    Md. 

Blssing.  Harry 363  W.  42d  St.,  N.  Y. 

B.XPANSION  BOLTS. 

Evans,  F.  H... 31-35  Hewes  St,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
8)ur  Jfixpanslon  Boll  Co 147  Cedar  oi.,  N.  Y. 

EXTERIOR  PLASTER. 

Monumental  Plaster  Company Harrison,  N.  J. 

FENCING  AND  RAILINGS. 

Van  Dora  Iron  Works  Go Cleveland.   O. 

FILTERS. 

Loomis-Mannlng  Filter  Distributing  Co.. 

828  Land  TlUe  Bldg..  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

FIRE    BUCKET    TANKS. 

Safety     Fire    Extinguisher    Co.,    The, 

291-293  Seventh  Ave..   New  York 

FIRE    DOOR    EQUIPMENT. 

Laae  Bros.  Go Poughkoapala.  N.  Y. 

FIRE   EQUIPMENT.    GENERAL. 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St,  N.  Y. 

FIRE    EXTINGUISHING    APPARATUS. 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.,  Providence,  R.  I. 

FIRE    PLACES,    CRAFTSMAN,    ETC. 

Stickiey,  Gustav 41  W.  34th  St,  New  York 

FIREPROOF  DOORS  AND  SHUTTERS. 

Dahlstrom  MeUllio  Door  Co.  .Jamestown.  N.  Y. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

8  West  29th  St,  New  York 
Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,   S.  H., 

427  W.   18th  St,  New  York  City 

FIREPROOF  WINDOWS. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co. . Jameatowa,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

859-363  14th  St.  Hoboken.  N.  J. 
Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.),  S.  H.  .427  W.  IStli  St,  N.  T. 
Voigtmann  ft  Co.,  427  W.  13th  St,  New  York. 


isnrenroini 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


FIXTURES.   GAS  AND   ELECTRIC. 
Consolidated    Chandelier    Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St.,  N.  Y. 

FLOORING— Stone.    Hardwood.     Cork,     etc. 
Hasbrouck  Flooring   Co.,    Inc., 

501-505  B.  70th  St..  New   York 
Marbleloid  Co.,  The Marbrldge  Bldg.,  N.  Y. 

FLOOR   AND   WOODWORK    POLISH. 

Felton,  Sibley  ft  Co...  136  N.  4th  St..  PhiU..  Pa. 

FLUSHOVALVES. 
Flushovalve   Co.. 

71   Greenwich   Ave.,   New   York  City 

FURNITURE,   INTE5RI0R. 
Bradstreet  &  Co..  John  S.. 

327  S.  Seventh  St..  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Mitchell    Furniture    Co.,    The    Robert, 

Cincinnati,  O. 

OARAGE  GASOLENE  TANKS. 

Bowser  ft  Co.,  Inc..  S.   F Ft.  Wayne.  Ind. 

OA8  AND  ELECTRIC  FIXTURES. 
Consolidated    Chandelier   Co.. 

132-136  W.  14th  St..  N.  Y. 

GRAPHITE  PAINT. 

Dixon  Grueible  Co..  Joe Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

HANGERS— House,  Barn  Door. 

Lane  Bros.  Co Poughkeepsie.  N.   Y. 

HARDWARE. 

PblAago  flprlnr  Butt  Co.,  Chicago.  T!l.:  New  York 

Corbln,  P.  ft  F New  Britain.   Conn. 

Ives  Co.,  The  H.  B New  Haven.  Conn. 

Stanley  Worka,  The,  Dept   B. 

New  Brttaln,  Conn.,  and  7V  Chambers  St..  N.  Y. 

HEATING  APPLIANCES.     (Aleo  see  Boilers.) 

Boyd  Equipment  Co... 873  Fourth  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
uonon  *  Liilgerwood  Oo..9tf  Liberty  0u,  M.  Y. 

HINGES— Spring,  Ballbearing,  Etc. 

BODimer  iSro»...267  uiaiMon  Av.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Chloago  Spring  Butt  Co., 

Chicago.  111.:  New  York. 

Stanley  Works,  The New  Britain,   Conn. 

HOLLOW  TILE. 

Carter,   Black  &   Ayer8..1182   Broadway,   N.   Y. 

HOT-WATER  BOILER&— Copper. 
Badger  ft  Sons  Co.,  E.  B., 

63-75  Pitt  St..  Boston,   Mass. 

INTESRIOR   TRIM. 

Rouser   &   Co.,    The   John Dayton,    O. 

IRON   WORK— Ornamental   and   Structural. 

Blagues  Freres  Co... 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 
Noelke-Richards  Iron  Works.  .Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John 

144-6-8  Clay  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Tiffany    Studios, 

347-355  Madison  Ave..  New  York 
Wells   Architectural    Iron    Co., 

River  Ave.   ft   151st   St.,    New   York 

JAIL  AND  PRISON  WORK. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  0. 

JOIST  HANOERS-(Steel). 

Lane  Broe.  Co Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland.  O. 

KITCHEN    EQUIPMENT. 

Barth  &  Son,  L.,  30-36  Cooper  Square,  New  York 
Bramhall  Dean  Co., 

261-263  W.  36th  St.,  New  York 


Jl  t=j;  ff'tyiLM/^ 


LIGHTING  FIXTURES— Gas  and  Electrte. 

Bagues   Freres   Co 705  Fifth   Ave.,  New  York 

Consolidated  Chandelier  Co.. 

132-136  W.  14th  St.,  N,  Y. 
Mitchell  Vance  Co.,  .S36-838  Broadway,  New  York 
Tiffany  Studios,  347-355  Madison  Ave..  New  York 

LIGHTNING  RODS. 

Jones,  T.  W 22  Burling  Slip.  N.  Y. 

Washbume  ft  Co.,  E.  G..209  Fulton  St.  N.  Y. 

LIMESTONE,   INDIANA. 

Giberson   ft   Co..   E.    F Bedford.    Ind. 

LOCKS,    ETC. 

American    Hardware    Corporation, 

New  Britain,   Conn. 
Corbln,   P.   ft   F New   Britain,    Conn. 

MANTELS,    FIREPLACES,    ETC. 

Jackson    Co.,    Wm.    H...2   W.   47th    St.,   N.   Y. 

MARBLE  WORKERS. 

Cork  ft   Zicha  Marble   Co., 

„    ,  ^  325-327  E.  94th   St..  New  York 

Smith    Marble    Construction    Co., 

Montreal.    Can. 
VoBka,  Foelsch  6  Sidlo,  Mills  St.,  Aatorla,  N.  Y. 

METAL  CEILINGS. 

Berger    Mfg.   Co.,   The Canton,    O. 

METAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

359-363  14th  St.  Hohoken.  N.  J. 

METAL   LATHING. 

Greenfield.  Inc.,  Arthur 204  E.  26th  St.  N.  Y. 

METAL  LUMBER. 

Berger  Mtg.  Co..  The Canton,  O. 

MBTALUG   OFFICE   FURNITURE. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Worke  Co Cleveland,  O. 

METAL   SASH   AND   FRAMES. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co... Jamestown,  N.  Y. 

Knobnra  Company 240  11th  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.).  8.  a...427  W.  18tb  St.,  N.Y. 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy  Co..  (Inc.).  T.  H.  427  W.  18th  8t.  N.  Y. 
Volgtmann  ft  Co..  427  W.  13th  St.  New  York. 

METAL  WORKERS. 

McFarlane-Douglas  Co.,  Ltd Ottawa.  Can. 

MILL  WORK. 

Rouzer  Co.,  The  John Dayton,   0. 

MINERAL  WOOL. 

U.  8.  Mineral  Wool  Co 140  Cedar  St.  N.   Y. 

PAINTING    AND    DECORATING. 

Mackay   Co.,    Robert   E New   York 

PAINTING  CONTRACTORS. 

Grimmer  ft  Son,  Charles.  .230  E.  37th  St,  N.  Y. 

PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRBSBRVINQ  IRON 
AND  STEEL. 
Dixon  Craclble  Co.,  Jos Jeney  City.  N.  J. 

PAINTS,  OILS,  VARNISHES,  WOOD  FILLING,  eta. 

Dixon  Cruolble  Co.,  Joe Jersey  dty,  N.  J. 

Felton,  Sibley  ft  Co., 

196  N.  4th  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PLASTER  WORK— Plain,  Ornamental. 
Architectural    Plastering    Co., 

624  First  Ave..  New  York 

Brown,    Davis 306   B.   4(rth    St.    New   York 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

PLUMBERS'   WARES.— Bath-Tubs,    Closets,    Drink- 
ing    FonnUlns,     Lavatories.     Laundry     Tabs, 
Range  Cloi«pts,   Sinks.   Urinals. 
Flushovalve  Co  71  Greenwich  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

PLUMBERS. 

Boyd    Equipment   Co... 373    Fourth   Ave.,    N.    Y. 
Knight  ft  Son,  J.  M 221  W.  49th  St,  N.  Y. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


For  thirty  years  the  firm  of  Charles  Orimmer  4  Son  has  been  known  to  yoa 
as  Painters.  Recently  we  have  acquired  the  hnsiness  of  the  W.  Lndwi^ 
Schultze  Co.,  the  well  known  Decorators.  In  our  three  new  huildings  we  now 
have  facilities  for  doing  the  same  high  class  Cabinet  Wood-Work  and  Up-' 
bolstery  as  we  have  for  Painting. 

A  line  of  inqniry  brings  a  representative,  or  we  should  be  glad  to  welcome 
you  at  our  extensive  factories  and  oar  beautiful,  new  showrooms,  where  we 
carry  the  largest  and  most  select  stock  in  New  York,  of  Wall  Papers,  Mantels. 
Andirons,  Electric  Fixtures,  Fabrics,  Famitnre,  Mirrors,  Antiques,  Clocks, 
Candlesticks,  Lamps  and  Pillows. 

(S^Ua  (grUmtur  $c  0nn 

T«Ui>h»«.  7H7-»»  HiJiwD  Sanrc.  230-234  Eait  37(11  Stmt.  NEW  TORK 


Chateau  Laurkr,  Ottawa,  Canada— T^paa  &  ^acFarlane,  jlrchilecls. 

ENTIRE  BUILDING  BUILT  OF 

INDIANA    LIMESTONE 

FURNISHED  BY 

E.  F.  GIBERSON  &  COMPANY,  in.. 

OUARRIES  AND  MILLS  NEW  YORK  OFFICE  MONTREAL  OFFICE 

BEDFORD,  INDIANA  200  FIFTH  AVENUE  307  TRANSPORTATION  BLDQ. 


Roman  Cities  in  Italy  and  Dalmatia 

By  A.  L.  FROTHINGHAM,  Ph.  D. 

ProteBBor  of  Ancient  History  and  Archaeology  at  Princeton  Unlveralty. 

A  picture  of  Ancient  Italy  and  pre-AuguBtan  Rome  drawn  from  her  rivals  haa  not  yet 
been  made.  Tble  book  Is  a  first  sketch  for  such  a  picture  m  popular  form,  and  tbe  work 
gives  a  most  interesting  account  of  tbese  ancient  cities.  It  is  illustrated  by  nrany  tult 
page  plates  showing  the  various  buildings  and  their  decorative  features,  also  interiors  and 
details.  Architects  and  students  wili  find  it  a  most  interesting  volume  to  add  to  their  li- 
braries.     Sixty-one   page   plates.  Clotli,  price   net,  91.75;  postpaid,  91. BO. 

For  sale  by 

THE  WILIIAH  T.  COHSTOCK  COMPANY,  FubUsher,  23  Warren  Street,  N.  Y. 

When   wrItlnB   AdverllBerB.   please   mention   Archlleclure   and   Building. 


1 


PRONG  LOCK.  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co..  The Canton.  O. 

PUBLJSHBRS. 

Comitock  Co..  The  W.  T.  .28  Warren  St..  N.  Y. 

Concrete    Age,    The Atlanta,    Georgia 

Manual  Arte  Press,  The, 

6UU  German  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria.  111. 

PULLJIYS. 

Grant  Pulley  &  Hardware  Co., 

t   W.   29th   BU,   N.    Y. 

PUMPS. 

Goulds  Mfg.   Co..  The Seneca  Falls.   N.   Y. 

REFRIGERATING    MACHINERY'. 

Thompson    Machine    Supply    Co.,    Emery, 

202   E.   46th   St.,   New   York 

REFRIGERATORS,    PORCELAIN.    ETC. 
Linde   Canadian    Refrigeration   Co.. 

37   St.   peters   St.,   Montreal,   Can. 

Tettenbom    Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati,    O. 

White  Enamel  Refrigerator  Co.   of  New   York, 

51)   W.    42d   St.,    New   York 

RINGS— Bridle,  Corner  Brace  (Bridle),  Sebco  Aerial. 
Star  Bxpaniion  Bolt  Co..  147-149  Cedar  St..  N.  i. 

ROLLING   DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS— Steel. 
Grant    Pulley    and    Hardware    Co., 

3    W.    29th    St..    New    York   City. 
Wilson   Mfg.   Co.,  James  G., 

3  W.  29th  St.,  New  York 

ROOFING  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Barrett  Mfg.  Co New  York.  N.  T. 

RUGS,    DRAPERIES.    ETC. 
Bollentin   &   Thompson, 

34  Union  Square,  B..  New  York 
Bradstreet  &  Co.    John  S.. 

327  S.  Seventh  St.,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

8AKITARY   SPECIALTIES. 

A.  P.  W.  Paper  Co Albany.  N.  Y. 

Vitrollte   Co..    The Parkersburg,    W.    Va. 

aABH  CHAINS. 

Morton,  TlumiAs 160  Blm  St.  N.  Y. 

■ASH  CORDS. 

■llTer  Lake  Co Boston,  Mass. 

aASH  LOCKS. 

iToe  Co.,  The  H.  B New  HaTon.  Conn. 

■A8H  PULLBYS— Iron,  Brass,  Broua. 
Grant  Pnlley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

8  W.  29th  St,  N.  Y. 

BBLF-CLINCHING  NAILS. 

Self-Clinching  Nail  Co Philadelphia,  Pa. 

8IDBWALK  LIFTS. 

Speldal,  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Berger  Mfg.  Co Canton,  0. 

SIGNS.    CHANGEABLE.    ETC. 
U.   S.  Changeable  Sign  Co., 

3   W.   29th   St.,   New  York 

SILVER   SERVICES. 

Gorham    Co..   The. 

Fifth  Ave.  &  38th  St.,  New  York 

International    Silver    Co Meriden,    Conn. 

Meriden    Britannia    Co Meriden.    Conn. 

SKYLIGHTS. 

Architectural    Metal    Works. 

1192-1194  2d    Ave.,    New    York. 

SNOW  GUARD 

Folsom   Snow  Guard  Co., 

Roelindale  (Boston).    Mass. 


SPRING  HINGES. 

Bommer  Bros 257  Claseon  Ato.,  Bklyn,  N.  Y. 

Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co., 

Chicago,  lU.;  Now  York. 

SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 

Providence,    R.   I. 
Rockwood  Sprinkler  Co...  128  William  St,  N.  Y. 

STBBL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland.  O. 

STBBL  JOIST   HANGERS. 

Lano  Broa.   Co PoughkeeptK   N.  Y. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co ClOTelaBd,  O. 

STEEL  SMOKE  STACKS. 

Felber   Engineering  Works, 

103   Park   Ave.,   New   York 

STEEL    SHUTTERS.    ROLLING.    ETC. 
Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,   James  G.. 

5  W.  29th  St..  New  York 

STUCCO. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison.  N.  J. 

SWITCHBOARDS.    PANELS     ETC. 
Metropolitan    Electric    Mfg.    Co.. 

14th    St.    &    East    Ave.,    Long    Island    City 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (Automatic). 

Lane  Bros.    Co Poughkeepsie,    N.    T. 

TBRRA  COTTA. 

Conkling-Armstrong   Terra    Cotta    Co., 

1135  Broadway,   New   York 
Northweetern  Terra  Cotta  Co., 

1(X)0  Clyboum  Ato.,  Chicago. 

VACUUM   CLEANERS. 

Spencer   Turbine   Cleaner   Co., 

1184   Broadway,   New   York 

VALVES. 

Flushovalve  Co 71  Greenwich  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton,   O. 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Co. 

262  Monitor  St,  Brooklyn.   N.  Y. 

VENTILATING   RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.   Y. 

VENTILATORS. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.  Y. 

Washburne  &  Co.,  E.  G...209  Fulton  St,  N.  Y. 

WALL  FINISHES-FLAT.   ETC. 
Keystone  Varnish  Co., 

71  Otsego  St.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

WATER   FILTERS. 

Loomis-Mannlng  Filter  0»., 

828  Land  Title  Bldg..  PhlUdelphla.  Pa. 

WBATHBR  VANES. 

Jones,  Thos.  W 158  Maiden  Lane,  N.   Y. 

Washburne  ft  Co.,   E.   G., 

200  Fulton   St,   N.    Y. 

WIRE  ROPE. 

Broderick  &  Bascom  Rope  Co.. 

809  North  Main  St.  St  Louis.  Mo. 

WIRE.    RUB-BER    COVERED. 

Habirshaw  Wire  Co..  1  Madison  Ave..  New  York 

WOOD-WORKING  MACHINERY. 
Barnes  Co.,  W.  F.  ft  John, 

Se8  Ruby  St.  Rockford.   III. 


ii^i  at  HI 


BTTsnroira 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 

ur  Hotel 
tionery  o 

Interest  to  Thi 
Erection  of  Ne^ 

going  up  nowadaj 
:"?    Can  you  find 

not  conspicuously 
n    as    to    fail  mal 

this  not  haxd  to 
act  their  revenue, 
give  whether  you  gi' 

ay  be  as  to  what  ( 
lot  make  a  particle 
nless  every  room  is 
is  not — cannot  be — : 
J  spread  from  roon 
s  invited  to  eat  its  i 

s  making  the  structi 

Give  a  fire  the  < 

Standing  walls  and 

;ts  throughout  the 
rery  room  is  a  hot* 
lay  sleep  on  undistu 
ings  up  in  the  roo 
■  other  type  of  build 

communicate  with 
lecidedly  important 
I  by  the  installation  ( 

ietallic  Do 

ive  Offices  and  Ft 
lue  Jai 

Offices  In  all  Prindi 


Itlng  AclvertlBers.   please  mention  Architei^ture 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


HOLMES  MILL.   NEW  BEDFORD.  MASS. 

Entire  Interior  Lined  With  American  Enameled  Brick 

Protect    your   investment   by   using   the   best    materia] 

No   cost   for   maintenance   if   you   build   right 

Write  tor  Xrtc  fditini  tlalalna 

American  Enameled  Brick  &  Tile  Co.,"" '""^r' 


THE  RUGS  FOR  THE 

Fanderbilt 

and 

Taft 
Hotels 

Which  are  illustrated  in  this 
issue,  were  furnished  by 

A  Rin  PkHd  .ducd  f[°~>  Ik  Vudcibik  Hotd.  Mm  York 

Bollentin    &  Thompson 

34  Union  Square  East  New   York 

SPECIALLY  WOVEN  RUGS 

When  writing  Advertlsera.   please  mention  Architecture  and  Bulldlns-. 


ARCHITECTURE   AXD   BUILDING. 


THE    HOTEL    TAFT'S    SILVER   SERVICE 

at  well  ai  thai  d  maoy  of  the  foremoA  botek,  lestaurants, 
clubs,  steamship  and  railroad  lines,  was  supplied  by  this 
ctxnpany.  The  reputation  c^  our  hotel  silver,  both  for 
beauty  and  durability,  was  made  possible  raily  by  quality 
that  is  the  result  of  thorough  and  honest  workmanship. 
Elstimates,  iUustratitHis  and  samples  on   application. 

MERIDEN  BRITANNIA  CO. 

(liilen)ati<Hial  Silver  Co.,  Successor) 

MERIDEN,   CONN. 

49-51  Wcsi  34th  SlreM-NEW  YORK-9-19  Makln  Une 
5  North  W.bi»h  Ave,  CHICAGO  1 50  Pd  St.  SAN  FRANCISCO 


When  writing  AdvertlBera.  pleaMe  mention  Architecture  and  Buildlns- 


ARCHITECTURE  AXD  BUILDING. 


Let**F-S"  Products  guide 
you,  and  you  will  be  sure  of 
safety  every  time. 

To  insure  satisfaction,  it  will  pay 
you  to  specify  "F-S"  Oil  Colors. 
For  quality  and  dependability, 
they  are  decidedly  superior. 

FELTON,  SIBLEY  &  CO.,  Inc. 

Mfn.  of  Colon,  Palaa,  Vamlabea 
136-140  N.  4th  St.,      Philadelphia 

When  wrllfng   Advertisers,  pies 


SPRING  HINGES 


ARE   QUALITY    GOODS 

But  coit  no  more  than  inferior  kinds 


DON'T  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  when  specify- 
ing spring  hinges,  which  of  all  hardware  perform 
the  hardest  work.  Bomnier  Sprirg  Hinges  never 
fail  to  give  satisfaction,  and  have  withstood  the 
test  of  time.  The  springs  never  go  lame. 
"Practically  Unbreakable,"  saya  the  World's 
Fair  Award,  Chicago,  I89J. 

All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Them 


Architecture  and  Building 

A  Magazine  Devoted  to  Contemporary  Architectural  Construction 


Volume  XL IV. 


APRIL,    1912 


Number  4 


A  HIGH  BUILDING  THAT  IS  BEAUTIFUL 

By  J.  L. 


IN  turning  over  the  leaves  of  a  recent 
number  of  an  architectural  maga- 
zine in  which  was  a  profusely  illustrated 
account  of  the  work  of  a  famous  firm 
of  Western  skyscraper  architects,  I 
could  not  help  admitting  the  severe  plain- 
ness, to  put  it  mildly,  of  the  majority  of 
the  buildings  shown.  Passing  from  the 
text  to  the  advertising  pages  and  look- 
ing for  the  inevitable  contributions  of 
the  various  contractors  and  supply  men, 
the  builder  who  built  this  list  of  build- 
ings or  that  list  of  buildings  designed 
by  the  aforesaid  architects  or  the  manu- 
facturer who  equipped  this  building  or 
that  building,  I  was  amused  at  the  an- 
nouncement of  a  firm  which  sitpplied 
metallic  furniture  equipment,  also  de- 
signed by  the  aforesaid.  There  was 
a  half-tone  picture  of  an  interior, 
and  standing  on  the  floor  was  a  filing 
case,  twenty-two  stories  high,  for  all  the 
world  like  anv  one  of  a  half  dozen  of 
the  great  buildings  which  the  architects 
had  designed.  And  that  very  day,  I  had 
listened  to  a  disgruntled  party  roasting 
the  tall  buildings  and  likening  them  to 
filing  cases. 

Now,  I  for  one  am  an  admirer  of  the 
skyscraper,  and  I  have  always  felt  like 
rising  to  protest  against  the  abuse  which 
is  heaped  upon  our  great  American  in- 
stitution, the  many-storied  building,  by 
professional  architectural  critics,  who 
presumably  voice  the  sentiments  of  the 
best  practitioners  in  the  profession. 

The  skyscraper  is  not  new.  The 
cathedral  at  Cologne  is  just  a  skyscraper ; 


the  Parthenon,  even,  was  one  of  the  sky- 
scrapers of  its  day;  St.  Peter's  at  Rome 
is  another,  and  St.  Paul's  in  London  is 
another.  I  never  heard  of  Sir  Christo- 
pher Wren's  great  monument  being 
criticized  for  the  ''utter  recklessness*' 
with  which  millions  were  invested  '*by 
people  who  trust  to  luck  for  their  light," 
quoting  some  of  the  words  of  a  leading 
architect  who  recently  syndicated  an  in- 
terview on  the  subject  of  high  buildings ; 
yet  the  problem  of  light  in  St.  Paul's 
Church  in  London  was  so  poorly  solved 
that  Sir  Christopher's  famous  epitaph 
was  legible  only  on  very  rare  occasions. 
When  I  was  in  the  church  some  years 
ago,  my  principal  impression  was  of  a 
building  as  dark  as  a  pocket.  I  under- 
stand the  church  is  now  lighted  arti- 
ficially by  means  of  an  electric  plant 
donated  by  a  citizen  of  the  land  of  the 
skyscraper. 

There  is  one  great  architect  in  this 
country  who  said  in  an  address  some 
years  ago  that  the  designing  of  the 
many-storied  building  was  the  most 
sublime  problem  that  Infinite  Wisdom 
had  given  man  to  solve.  I  refer  to  Mr. 
Louis  H.  Sullivan,  a  man  who  has, 
through  his  own  work  and  through  the 
work  of  others  who  have  copied  him, 
dotted  the  surface  of  this  broad  land 
with  a  thousand  monuments  to  Sir 
Christopher  Wren's  one.  If  you  seek 
Sullivan's  monument,  look  around  al- 
most any  city  west  of  the  Allegheny 
Mountains,  with  a  scattering  few  east. 

Despite   the   scoffers,   the   skyscraper 


140 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


has  come  to  America  to  stay.  It  is,  in- 
deed, what  the  logician  would  call  the 
definitive  American  institution.  Not  only 
are  our  great  cities  distinguished  by 
groups  of  twelve  story,  sixteen  story, 
eighteen,  twenty  story  buildings  at  their 
business  centers,  but  the  small  towns 
have  their  tall  buildings.  In  this  land  of 
money  grubbing  these  temples  to  the 
"Almighty  Dollar''  are  beginning  to 
overshadow  the  old  houses  of  worship. 
And  the  village  skyscraper,  marking 
some  "civic  center,"  now  overtops  the 
spires  of  the  meeting  houses  in  many 
and  many  a  rural  town. 

Leaving  it  for  other  critics  to  discuss 
all  questions  of  planning,  architectural 
style  and  detail  and  the  economics  of  the 
skyscraper,  forgetting  that  cruel  taunt 
about  filing  cabinets,  it  is  interesting  to 
inquire  whether  beauty  can  be  an  at- 
tribute of  one  of  these  lofty  structures. 
The  Greek  and  Roman  and  Middle  Age 
and  Renaissance  skyscrapers  are  safe 
from  our  criticism,  for  they  were  dedi- 
cated to  other  gods  than  those  of  this 
twentieth  century. 

There  are  doubtless  many  "good" 
skyscrapers,  well  planned,  comfortable, 
light  and  profitable  to  their  owners. 
But  of  good  looking,  not  to  say  beauti- 
ful, skyscrapers,  alas,  I  fear  there  are 
not  many,  the  more's  the  pity.  But  that, 
I  solemnly  affirm,  is  not  the  fault  of  the 
skyscraper  itself.  No;  the  fact  that  the 
filing  cabinet  designed  by  Messrs.  So  & 
So,  architects,  bears  a  strong  resemblance 
to  some  of  New  York's  best,  and  is,  be- 
side, one  of  the  best  "lookers"  designed 
by  the  firm,  is  no  fault  of  the  buildings 
but  of  the  men  that  built  them.  But  let 
us  get  the  "good"  ones  and  then  try  for 
the  beautiful  ones.  In  the  first  place,  a 
"good"  one  is  a  mass  of  windows;  its 
front  is  peppered  full  of  them — no  place 
for  ornament  or  decoration.  In  the 
second  place,  our  artistically  trained  ar- 
chitects are  trying  to  clothe  our  Ameri- 


can building's  form  with  the  archi- 
tectural dress  of  some  foreign  country, 
France,  for  instance,  where  there  is  not 
a  commercial  building  in  the  whole  land 
over  seven  stories  high. 

What  can  be  more  distressing  to  the 
trained  "aesthete"  than  to  be  asked  to 
treat  a  facade  twenty  stories  high,  where 
it  is  required  that  thirty  or  forty  or  even 
fifty  per  cent,  of  the  area  shall  be  glass? 
No  wonder  they  try  to  cut  down  on  the 
windows  so  as  to  increase  the  wall  sur- 
faces. Oh!  for  a  commission  to  build  a 
building  without  windows,  like  the  Cam- 
panile at  Venice,  a  skyscraper  "as  zius^' 
a  skyscraper,  and  is  again  by  this  time, 
I  suppose.  No  windows  to  bother  that 
architect.  Of  course,  there  were  a  few 
peep-holes  to  light  the  stairs,  but  I  never 
heard  what  the  Campanile  was  good  for 
except  as  a  part  of  the  show,  like  the  tall 
man  at  the  circus. 

The  problem  of  skyscraper  designing 
resolves  itself  into  one  of  form  and  sur- 
face. Form  is  noted  in  the  sky  line, 
whether  of  the  top  or  of  the  sides.  Sur- 
face is  of  necessity  concerned  with  that 
architectural  nuisance,  the  mass  of 
windows.  The  problem  of  the  sky  line 
is  solved  only  by  regard  for  the  optical 
illusion,  which  is  just  as  present  and  in- 
sistent as  it  was  when  the  Greeks  studied 
the  problem  and  solved  it  by  means  of 
the  entasis. 

One  thing  that  few  architects  have 
even  thought  of  is  the  entasis,  although 
on  it  depends  that  most  important  thing, 
the  repose  of  the  design.  Basing  their 
theories  on  the  French  style,  it  has  been 
a  common  practice  to  design  a  front 
with  a  projecting  base,  a  vertical  shaft 
and  a  projecting  top  member  or  archi- 
trave. This  may  be  all  right  with  a  low 
building,  but  it  is  all  wrong  with  a  tall 
one.  To  produce  upon  the  mind  of  the 
spectator  the  soothing  effect — the  satis- 
faction— that  is  a  quality  of  architectural 
beauty,  it  is  desirable  that  there  should 


THE  VANDERBILT  HOTEL.  31TH  STREET  AND  PARK  AVENUE.  NEW   YORK. 
Warren  &  Wetmore.  Architects 
BuUders:  Wm.  I..  Crow  Co.  C.  O.  MaHluui  \   Cunsultinff  Electric. 

Proot  Brick:  Carter.  Black  &  Avers,  C.  E.   Knox  ]  Bnelneers. 

Hetropolltan   Detachable  Mechanlam   Push   Button   Switches. 
_Blectrlcal_Cpntractors:   J.    LlvingTBton   &    Co. 

Evan  a'  "Cre 


PlutiKer  Elevator  Co,  Evans' 

■  Purify  Ins  and  Coaling  Syatem. 


142 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


be  an  entasis.  Whether  a  building  stands 
remote  from  other  buildings  in  such  a 
position  that  it  can  be  viewed  from  a 
distance,  or  whether  it  rises  in  a  narrow 
street  where  the  spectator  stands  so  close 
that  the  hue  of  vision  is  elevated,  en- 
tasis is  a  desirable  feature,  becoming  as 
the  point  of  view  is  nearer  and  nearer  a 
most  important  part  of  the  design.  This 
entasis  is  not  Greek,  or  Roman,  or 
Gothic  or  Renaissance;  it  is  human. 

Architecture  is  hke  sculpture,  and 
silhouette  is  with  both  a  vital  matter. 

Some  of  our  New  York  skyscrapers 
have  a  beautiful  entasis.  The  Hotel  St. 
Regis,  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  55th  Street, 
is  in  my  opinion,  with  respect  to  its 
silhouette,  well  nigh  perfect. 

The  first  thing  that  the  mind  grasps 
in  gazing  at  a  tall  building  is  that  optical 
illusion  of  overhanging,  of  something 
impending,  that  is  present  in  the  wall 
which  is  absolutely  perpendicular.  Some 
architects  have  built  their  walls  with  a 
slight  batter  to  overcome  this  illusion, 
but  the  eye  does  not  take  kindly  to  a 
wall  that  is  out  of  plnmb,  unless  it  can 
see  another  wall  leaning  to  meet  it,  as 
in  the  Bunker  Hill  Monument,  for  in- 
stance. The  west  wall  of  the  New  York 
Library  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  42nd  Street 
has  this  d!s%iirement.  An  example  of 
the  lack  of  repose  produced  by  an  over- 
hang is  the  Hotel  Belmont.  The  archi- 
tects seem  to  have  been  not  satisfied  with 
the  result  in  this  building,  for  they  have 


tried  a  different  expedient  on  the  Van- 
derbilt  Hotel,  and  in  my  humble  opinion 
it  is  a  success.  They  have  secured  re- 
pose, that  first  requisite  of  a  good  de- 
sign, not  by  battering  the  walls,  but  by 
setting  back.  The  old  habit  still  clui^, 
however,  for  there  is  an  overhang  of  the 
base  of  the  top  member  of  their  design. 

So  much  for  the  vertical  component 
of  the  silhouette  of  this  building.  The 
series  of  festoons  that  form  the  sky  line 
seemed  at  first  to  be  a  mistake,  but  later, 
viewed  from  near  at  hand,  they  strike 
one  as  being  not  the  least  of  the  charms 
of  this  design. 

The  problem  of  the  surface  has  been 
even  more  successfully  solved  in  this 
building.  By  eliminating  as  far  as  pos- 
sible the  reveal  of  the  windows,  they 
have  given  a  mass  to  the  front  that  one 
would  not  have  believed  possible.  In 
several  other  respects  Messrs.  Warren 
&  \\'etmore  have  done  things  which 
entitle  them  to  praise,  if  not  indeed  to 
glory.  Their  use  of  one  principal  ma- 
terial, brick,  from  the  water  table  to  the 
roof,  is  another  common  sense  feature 
of   this   remarkable   design. 

And  to  crown  the  whole  work,  the 
color,  the  polychromatic  gray  brick,  a 
"close  harmony"  of  hidden  and  in- 
describable golden  browns  and  blues, 
and  all  trimmed  with  stone  colored  terra- 
cotta, forming  with  the  sky  as  a  back- 
ground a  blue  and  gray  symphony — it  is 
a  sight  worth  crossing  a  continent  to  see! 


SERVICE   OF  THE    VANDBRBILT   HOTEL 


ii 


144 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING, 


THE    VANDERBILT   HOTEL.      I'LANiS   OF   THE    BASEMENT,    GROUND.    FIRST   AND 

bEOOND   STORIES. 
The  First  Story  Is  Practically  Typical  of  All  Upper  Stories. 

Warren  &  Wetmore.  Architects. 


H  t6 

Ski 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


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2^  i 


ss=S" 


llll 


ill 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


THE    VANDERBir.T    HOTEL.     VIEWS    IN   THE    I'RIVATE    SUITES. 
OrnamentHl  Plaster:  Davis  Brown.  Warren  &  Wetmoi 

Painting  and  necoratlng;  Robert  E.  Mackay  C, 
Venetian  BlIndH;  James  G.  WUaon  Mfg.  Co 


THE  VANHEKBU.T  HUTKL.      THK  OFt'ICB  COUNTER 
WHICH  IS  A  BUFFET   BA 
Bronze   Oiille   Work;  TlffHiiy  SludCos. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 

THE  VANDERBILT  HOTEL. 

The  Vanderbilt  Hotel  is  twenty-two 
stories  in  height  and  has  three  full  base- 
ments, with  a  partial  fourth.  The  lower 
basements  are  used  for  the  power  plant 
and  different  machinery.  The  basement, 
or  one  story  below  the  sidewalk  level, 
is  for  the  most  part  occupied  by  the 
Delia  Robbia  grill  room.  To  the  south 
end  is  the  kitchen,  and  at  the  north  end 
is  the  laundry,  .^n  entrance  from  the 
sidewalk  near  the  south  end  leads  into 
the  cafe,  which  is  in  a  mezzanine,  and  to 
.  the  gallery  around  the  grill  room  in  the 
level  below.  The  building  is  of  the 
usual  steel  construction,  with  the  Roe- 
bling  system  of  concrete  arch  for  the 
floors.  The  partitions  are  of  gypsum 
blocks,  and  the  trim,  doors  and  window 
frames  and  sash  are  of  hollow  metal.  In 
the  service  hallways  the  floors  are  of 
cement  and  the  walls  wainscoted  with 
ihin  iron  plates. 

The  fire  which  occurred  shortly  after 

THE   MAIN    ijiiuiY.     the  hotel  was  opened  gave  a  very  good 

fhaiiKriiijit  KiKTi  Co.         practical  pr<K)f  of  the  fireproof  construc- 


Rus«;  Bollenlln  &  Ttiompnon, 


tion  of  the  building.  It  burned,  as  with- 
in a  stove,  a  large  amount  of  furniture 
which  was  in  storage  on  one  of  the 
.floors,  and  although  the  fire  was  intense, 
no  damage  to  the  building  except  of  the 
most  superficial  character  resulted,  and 
the  blaze  was  confined  to  the  point  of  its 
inception. 

The  mechanical  equipment  of  the 
building  consists  of  a  battery  of  Bab- 
cock  &  Wilcox  boilers,  which  are  fed  by 
Wilkinson  automatic  stokers  supplied  by 
a  travelling  hopper  of  about  1 ,500 
potinds  capacity  which  is  filled  by 
a  continuous  bucket  coal  conveyer 
manufactured  by  the  C.  O.  Bartlett  & 
Snow  Co.  There  are  three  direct-con- 
nected electric  generating  sets  de- 
veloping a  total  of  500  kilowatts.  All 
machinery  is  oiled  by  a  Peterson  cen- 
tral oiling  system.  There  are  two 
garbage  cremating  furnaces  of  the  Morse 
Boulger  type.  The  ice  machine,  which 
is  of  80  tons  capacity,  is  of  the  Frick 


lulpped  by  L.  Barth  &  Son;, 


THE  KITCHEN  IN  THE  VANDBRBILT  HOTEL, 


_..__»r;   Emery  Thompson  Mach 

ElectrlcQl  Contractora:  J.  Livingston  &  Co. 


152 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


ammonia  compression  type.  This  sup- 
plies refrigeration  for  the  hotel  in  gen- 
eral and  for  the  air  purifying  and  cool- 
ing system,  which  is  the  Thomas* 
"Acme,"  built  by  Thomas  &  Smith,  Inc. 
This  apparatus  is  designed  to  wash  and 
cool  the  air  supplied  to  the  grill  room  of 
the  hotel.  The  air  is  passed  through  a 
spraying  chamber,  wherein  it  is  thor- 
oughly cleansed  of  dust  particles  and 
impurities,  and  receives  its  initial  cool- 
ing. It  then  passes  through  a  special  re- 
frigerating chamber  consisting  of  a  grid- 
iron of  brine  pipes  containing  brine  at 
15  degrees  F.  This  reduces  the  air  from 
75  to  60  degrees  F.  The  air  then  passes 
through  an  eliminator  consisting  of 
vertical  non-perforated  baffle  plates, 
wherein  excess  water  is  separated  from 
the  air  and  from  which  the  free  air,  thor- 
oughly purified  and  dry,  is  delivered  to 
the  fan.  The  apparatus  is  designed  to 
handle  14,000  cubic  feet  of  air  per  min- 
ute, cooling  incoming  air  from  a  tem- 
perature of  95  degrees  to  60  degrees  F. 
The  decoration  of  the  Vanderbilt 
Hotel  is  in  the  Adam  style,  although 
quite  a  different  development  from  that 
displayed  in  the  Ritz-Carlton,  designed 
by  the  same  architects  and  completed 
about  a  year  ago.  Without  exhaustive 
description,  the  illustrations  quite  fully 
explain  the  decorations.  In  the  lounge 
or  office  foyer,  the  relief  frieze  was 
sculptured  by  Beatrice  Astor  Chanler. 
Other  ornament  and  furnishing  is  evi- 
dent in  the  illustrations.  The  rugs,  how- 
ever, which  were  specially  woven  for  the 
hotel,  are  particularly  interesting.  They 
were  made  for  Gimbel  Brothers,  New 
York,  who  supplied  the  interior  furnish- 
ings from  special  designs  worked  out  by 
the  architects,  by  Bollentin  &  Thomp- 
son, their  factors.  The  designs  are  of 
Chinese  origin,  and  there  are  two  rugs 


in  the  entrance  27  by  48  feet  in  dimen- 
sion, colored  in  royal  Chinese  blue,  with 
beautiful  medallion  and  duo- tone  centers. 
The  various  rooms  are  suitably  furnished 
with  appropriate  rugs,  according  to  the 
decoration. 

Warren  &  Wetmore  were  the  archi- 
tects of  the  Vanderbilt  Hotel.  The  con- 
sulting electrical  engineers  were  Mailloux 
&  Knox.  The  builders  were  the  Wm. 
L.  Crow  Co.  Carter,  Black  &  Ayers 
supplied  the  front  brick. 

The  electrical  contractors  were  J.  Liv- 
ingston &  Co.  The  wire  was  supplied 
by  the  Habirshaw  Wire  Company,  and 
detachable  mechanism  push  button 
switches  were  furnished  by  the  Metro- 
politan Electric  Mfg.  Co.  The  elevators 
are  of  the  plunger  type  and  were  install- 
ed by  The  Standard  Plunger  Elevator 
Company. 

The  ornamental  plaster  and  caen  stone 
work  was  done  by  Davis  Brown.  Robert 
E.  Mackay  Co.  did  the  painting  and  dec- 
orating. The  TiflFany  Studios  did  the 
bronze  grill  for  the  cashier's  room  and 
other  work,  and  the  lighting  fixtures 
were  made  by  the  Edward  Caldwell  Co. 
The  V.  S.  Changeable  Sign  Company  in- 
stalled a  special  hotel  bulletin  board. 

The  Hasbrouck  Flooring  Co.,  Inc., 
installed  cork  flooring  in  many  rooms 
throughout  the  building.  Venetian 
blinds  were  put  into  all  the  rooms  by  the 
James  G.  Wilson  Manufacturing  Co. 

The  silver  service  for  the  tables  was 
designed  and  supplied  by  The  Gorham 
Co.,  L.  Barth  &  Son  equipped  the  kitchen, 
and  the  Emery  Thompson  Machine  and 
Supply  Co.,  put  in  the  ice  cream  freezers. 

The  sanitary  equipment  was  put  in  by 
The  Nason  Manufacturing  Co.  Flush- 
ovalves  manufactured  by  the  Flushovalve 
Company  were  used  on  all  toilets 
throughout  the  hotel. 


THE  HOTEL  TAFT 

The  Hotel  Taft  contains  about  three 
hundred  guest  bedrooms,  each  connected 
with  a  bath,  arranged  singly  or  in  suites 
of  three  to  five  rooms.  The  building  has 
extensive  public  accommodations,  includ- 
ing regular  dining  rooms,  private  dinii^ 
rooms,  a  banquet  hall,  roof  garden  and 
accommodation  for  small  society  din- 
ners. In  construction  the  building  is 
fireproofed  with  usual  precaution.  The 
trim  and  doors  about  the  stairs  and  ele- 
vators is  of  hollow  metal,  thus  thor- 
oughly fireprooling  these  portions  of  the 
structure. 

F.  M.  Andrews  &  Company  were 
the  architects  of  the  Hotel  Taft.  V.  J. 
Hedden  &  Sons  Co.,  were  the  builders. 
The  Wells  Architectural  Iron  Company 
did  the  ornamental  iron  work,  and  the 
Federal  Terra  Cotta  Company  supplied 
exterior  terra-cotta.  Lime  was  supplied 
by  the  Famum  Cheshire  Lime  Company. 
The  front,  inside  and  hollow  brick  were 
all  furnished  by  the  i.  L.  Stiles  & 
Son    Brick    Co.     The    interior    wood- 


r^LS.  153 

work  was  done  by  the  John  Rouzer 
Company.  The  hollow  metal  doors  and 
trim  were  installed  by  the  Dahlstrom 
Metallic  Door  Co.  Wilson's  Venetian 
blinds  were  used  in  ail  the  bedrooms. 
The  lighting  fixtures  were  supplied  by 
Bagiies  Freres  Co.  Bollentin  &  Thomp- 
son furnished  rugs,  interior  furnishings 
were  supplied  by  John  Wanamaker, 
N.  Y.,  bentwood  chairs  by  Jacob  & 
Josef  Kohn.  and  the  U.  S.  Changeable 
Sign  Co.  put  in  a  special  hotel  bulletin 
board.  The  electrical  contractors  were 
the  Watson.  Flagg  Engineering  Co. 
Wire  was  supplied  by  the  Habirshaw 
Wire  Company,  and  the  Metropolitan 
detachable  mechanism  push  button 
switches  were  used  and  Otis  elevators 
were  installed. 

The  silver  service  for  the  dining  rooms 
was  supplied  by  the  International  Silver 
Company.  Bramhall-Deane  Company 
equipped  the  kitchen.  The  Emery  Thomp- 
son Machine  and  Supply  Company  fur- 
nished ice  cream  freezers.  The  vacuum 
cleaning  equipment  was  installed  by  the 
Spencer  Turbine  Cleaner  Company. 


S  OF  THE   HOTEL  TAPT. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THE  HOTEL  TAFT,   XBrt 
nulldemi   V.  J.   Hedden  &  »ons  Co. 
Front  llrick:  The  I.  L.  Stiles  &  Son  Brick  Co. 
Electrical  Contractors:   WatBon,  Flagg  EnBlnperlOK 
Metropolitan  Detachable  Mechanism  Push  Button  Si 
Ineulated    Wire:   Hablrahaw  Wire  Co. 
Archlteclural  Tena-Cotta:  Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co. 
Farnam   Cheshire   L.lme  Used. 

"•■     ■        "        BB  G.   Wilson  Mfg.   Co. 

ind  Trim:   Dahlstrom   Metallic 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


THE   HOTEL   TAFT.      THE    ROTI'XDA   OR   OBAND    I,I»BHV. 
Ornamenlal  Iron:  The  WellH  Architectural  Iron  Co.         K.   m.   Andrews  &   Co.,  Architect*. 
"■-■■'" -■    ■,   FlaBK  Engineering  Co. 

:  Bagiiea  FrBrea  Co. 
-  '-*■-  "-"ler  Co. 

.ble  aign  Co. 

m:  DKlilstrom  Metallic  Door  Co, 


THE  HOTEL  TAFT. 
LlKhtliiB  Futures:   HHgueii  Frftrrii  i. 
Rukb:  Bollentln  &  Thompson. 
Interior  Trim:  The  John  Bouier  Co 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THE   HOTEL  TAFT.      THE    BALLROOM   AND    DETAIL  OF  A  STAIRWAY. 
Bentwood  Chairs:  Jacob  &  Josef  Kohn.  F.    M.    Andii-wB   &   Co..    Arct 

UKtitEng   Fixtures:    Basu^a    Fr^rea   Co. 


i  .iu'i 


I'A^i 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


A  HALLWAY  TYPICAL  OF  THE   UPPER   FLOORS. 

The  steel  smokei^tack  of  the  Hotel 
Taft,  of  which  we  have  shown  a  special 
illustration,  was  built  by  the  Felber 
Engineering  Works,  and  is  of  great  in- 
terest. The  illustration  and  the  plan  of 
the  stack  as  depicted  on  the  first  story 
plan  of  the  building  shows  how  space 
has  been  economized  and  how  little  the 
stack  interferes  with  the  plan  of  the 
building.  This  steel  stack  fits  e.Kactly 
over  the  proper  area  which  is  necessary 
for  the  passage  of  gases  from  the  power 
plant.  It  is  lined  with  2  inches  of  vitri- 
fied asbestos  securely  attached  by  clips 

to  the  steel  shell  and  entirely  covered  Exteriorsmokestack 

within     with     a     coating     of     asbestos  "'  '^''^  Hotel  Tatt. 

cement.    While  this  stack  is  a  permanent  ElIgineen^K^  ^-ovkI 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 

Vitrolite  partitions  and  wall  linings  were 
used  in  all  the  toilet  rooms  and  in  the 
barber  sliop. 

THE  CAWTHOK  HOTEL 
This  hotel  is  a  fireproof  structure, 
with  reinforced  concrete  floor  systems. 
Its  seventh  story,  however,  is  of  rein- 
forced concrete  throughout.  The  finish 
for  the  exterior  is  of  grej'  Georgia  gran- 
ite for  the  first  storj'.  with  the  remainder 
of  the  building  in  mottled  brown  pressed 
brick  with  trimmings  of  terra-cotta. 
The  floors  throughout  are  of  tile  and 
concrete,  and  the  trim  is  of  marble  and 
oak.  There  are  two  Otis  passenger  ele- 
vators and  one  service  elevator. 

The  Cawthon  Hotel  in  Mobile,  Ala., 
was  designed  by  Hutchisson  &  Denham. 
The  Noelke- Richards  Iron  Works  sup- 
plied the  structural  steel,  and  the  North- 
western Terra  Cotta  Company  supplied 
the  terra-cotta.  P.  and  F.  Corbin  hard- 
ware was  used,  and  the  hotel  silver  was 
supplied  by  the  R.  Wallace  &  Sons 
?iil''So?EL  '41'^?"'^      '"  Manufacturing  Company. 


Madt  by   The  Vll 


THE   KITCHEN  OF  THE  HOTEL  TAPT. 
1  Equipment:  Bramhall-Deane  Co. 
iam  Freeier:   Emery  Thompson  Machine  &  Supply  Co. 


164 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THE    LEAMINGTON    HOTEL 

The  Leamington  in  Minneapolis, 
Minn.,  is  distinctly  an  apartment  hotel. 
It  contains  850  rooms,  besides  the  ex- 
tensive public  area  on  the  first  floor  and 
the  spacious  roof  garden.  Its  main 
frontage  is  about  330  feet. 

The  general  contractors  and  engineers 
for  the  Hotel  Leamington  in  Minneap- 
olis, Minn.,  were  the  Leonard  Construc- 
tion Company.  The  interior  trim  and 
woodwork  was  done  by  the  Cream  City 
Sash  and  Door  Co.  John  S.  Bradstreet 
&  Co.  did  the  decorations,  ornamental 
glass  work,  and  supplied  the  draperies, 
furniture  and  rugs. 

Exterior  terra-cotta  was  furnished  by 
the  Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co.,  and 
metal  lath  by  the  Berger  Manufacturing 
Company.  The  fire  protective  system  is 
thorough.    Gould  pumps  are  employed. 

The  hotel  silver  was  designed  and  made 
by  the  International  Silver  Company. 


THE  GEORGIAN  TERRACE 

HOTEL 

W.  L.  Stoddart  was  the  architect  of 
the  Georgian  Terrace  Hotel,  in  Atlanta, 
Ga.  The  hotel  is  located  at  the  corner 
of  Peachtree  Street  and  Ponce  de  Leon 
Circle.  It  is  ten  stories  in  height,  and 
contains  more  than  300  rooms.  By 
locating  the  building  25  and  13  feet 
respectively  from  the  two  streets,  within 
the  lot  line,  it  was  possible  to  preserves 
the  shade  trees  on  the  street  fronts  and 
improve  the  setting  of  the  building.  A 
12-foot  terrace  extends  along  the  front- 
age on  both  streets,  which  forms  an  out- 
door  dining  room  in  connection  with  the 
main  dining  room.  This  latter  has  a 
seating  capacity  of  350  guests.  It  is  44 
by  90  feet,  and  has  a  ceiling  20  feet  in 
height.  The  plan  explains  the  arrange- 
ment of   the   typical  upper   floors,   and 


shows  the  court  separating  the  building 
into  two  wings,  thus  providing  ample 
ventilation  during  the  hot  weather. 
The  George  A.  Fuller  Company  were 
the  builders,  and  the  Federal  Terra  Cotta 
Company  supplied  the  exterior  terra- 
cotta. The  front  brick  was  supplied  by 
the  Hydraulic-Press  Brick  Company.  The 
wire  for  the  hotel  was  supplied  by  the 
Habirshaw  Wire  Company.  The  struc- 
tural" steel  work  was  done  by  the  Noelke- 
Richards  Iron  Works.  Jacob  &  Josef 
Kohn  supplied  bentwood  furniture. 


THE  CHATEAU  LAURIER 

The  Chateau  I^urier  was  designed  by 
Ross  &  Mac Fai  lane,  and  built  by  the 
George  A.  Fuller  Company.  The  engi- 
neers were  Westinghouse,  Church,  Kerr 
&  Co.  The  exterior  is  built  of  Indiana 
limestone,  which  came  from  the  quarries 
of  the  E.  F.  Giberson  Company,  Bed- 
ford, Indiana.  The  McFarlane-Douglas 
Company,  Ltd.,  constructed  the  roof, 
which  is  of  16-oz.  cold  rolled  copper. 
This  company  also  supplied  all  doors  and 
grill  work  about  the  elevators  and  many 
kalameined  doors  and  windows.  The 
foundations,  waterproofing  and  galvan- 
ized steel  ventilating  pipes  were  also  in- 
cluded in  their  contract.  Enameled  brick 
was  supplied  by  the  American  Enameled 
Brick  &  Tile  Company.  The  Linde  Can- 
adian Refrigeration  Company,  Ltd.,  in- 
stalled the  ice  machines,  and  the  refriger- 
ators were  made  by  the  White  Enamel 
Refrigerator  Company  of  New  York. 

The  interior  marble,  mosiac  and  tile 
work  was  done  by  the  Smith  Marble  & 
Construction  Company,  Ltd.  P.  and  F. 
Corbin  supplied  the  hardware,  and  the 
Tiffany  Studios  did  the  bronze  work. 
The  interior  decorations  were  done  by 
the  Bell  Galleries  in  Toronto,  and  Jacob 
&  Josef  Kohn  supplied  bentwood  furni- 
ture. 


3  S    ^ 

si  I 

2  SuZ I 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THE  CAWTHON  HOTEL.      THE 
Hardware:  P.  &  F.  Corbin, 
Sliver  Service:  R.  Wallace  &  Sona  Mf)f.  Co. 


HUTKL  JEFFEKSON.      KOTLWIJA    ANU    MAIN    KKHTAURANT. 
OtiB  Elevators.  Burnett.   Huynes   Sc   Barnel 

OrnameDtal  Iron  and  Structural  Steel:  Noelke-Rlchards  Iron   works. 


.■ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


I  SEATS   486  PEOPLE. 


HOTEL.  MINNBArOIJS,  MINN. 


Terra-Cotta:  Norlhw 
PumpB!  The  Goulds 
Draperies  and  Ornai 


THE  BALL  ROOM  OR  TEA  ROOM  AND  THE  LOUNGE. 
luslneerB:   Leonard   Construcllon   Co. 

ja.  etc.;  John  S.  Bradstreet  &  Co. 

and  Woodwork:  Cream  City  Sash  &  Door  Co. 
:   Internatlonol  Sliver  Co. 


ARCHITliCraRE   ASD   BUILDING. 


GBOR«lIAN   TERRACE.      OROUNn 


GEORGIAN   TERRACE,    ATLa; 
Bulldeia:  George  A.   FuII.t  Co. 

Structural    Steel:    Noelke-Rlchaids   Iron    Works. 
Face  Brick;   HydruuUc-I'resH    Brick   Co. 
Terra  CoCla:   Federal  Terra  Cotta   Co. 
Insulated  Wire;  Hablrshaw  Wtre  Co. 
OttB   Elevators, 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


173 


THE  EMERSON  HOTEL 

The  Emerson  Hotel,  Baltimore,  was 
designed  by  J.  Evans  Sperry.  William 
H.  Parker  was  the  builder  of  the  hotel, 
and  Henry  Adams  was  the  consulting 
engineer.  The  terra-cotta  was  made  by 
the  ConkHng- .Armstrong  Terra  Cotta 
Co. 

In  the  interior,  the  ornamental  plaster- 
ing was  done  by  the  Architectural  Plaster 
Company,  the  lighting  fixtures  were  de- 
signed and  made  by  the  Mitchell  Vance 


Company,  the  hardware  by  P.  and  F. 
Corbin,  and  all  of  the  interior  woodwork 
was  manufactured  and  erected  by  the 
Robert  Mitchell  Furniture  Company.  The 
hotel  silver  was  produced  by  the  R.  Wal- 
lace &  Sons  Manufacturing  Company. 

The  filter  plant  for  the  hotel  was  built 
by  the  Looniis-Manning  Fiher  Distribut- 
ing Co. 

The  photographs  of  the  Emerson 
Hotel  were  made  by  Holmes  &  Bishop, 
of  Baltimore. 


THE    CHATEAU    LAURIER. 
):   Bell's  GaUerlcs. 
Ions:   Tiffany  Studios. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


':S-^i 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


THE    CHATEAU    LAURIER,      MA 
Interiors:   Bell's  GallerloE. 
Desoratlonit:  Tirrany  Studios. 
Interior  Marble,  Mosaics  and  Tiles:  The  Smith  Marble  &  Construction  Co..  L.td. 


HOTEL  ADOLPHL'S.      MAIN   DINING  ROOM. 

Barnctt.  Haynes  &  Barnetl, 
BJKned  and  to  be  executed  by  W.  P,  Nelson  Company. 


Interiors:  Belli 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


HOTKL  ADOI-PHOS,   DALLAS,  TBXAS. 
Barnett.   Hayni'it   . 
I    Steel:   Noelke-Rlchanls   Iron    V 


Venetian    Blinds:   James   (J.    Wilson    Mtg.   Co. 
Terra-Cotta;    ConhllnB-Armstrong   Terra-Cotta   Co. 
Interior  Vl'oodwork  Hanufactured  and   Erected  by  The  Rober 
Uetropolilan   Detachable  Mechanlam   Push  Button  Switches. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


H6 

^1 


r 


II"  I 


li  1 
s|  I 

Pit 
*f.S.. 

J<..    St 

saaS 


ARCHITECTURE  AXD  BUILDLXC. 


THK  HOTEL  EMEKSQN.      THE  BALL  ROOM  AND  THE   RATHSKELLAIl. 
■vioc:   K.    Walluce  *  Sons  Mitt.   Co.  J.   Evane  Sperry.  Arehlleol. 

Voodwork    Manufactui  ed  and  Erected   by  Ttip  Robert   Mitchell    Furnllure  Co. 

:  P.   &   P.'coiblii. 


THE   FIREPROOF   HOTEL 


A  PRACTICAL  IDEAL 


Bv    EDWIN    O.    TORBOHM. 


SLX;CESSFUL  hotel  managers  may 
be,  and  probably  are  born,  rather 
than  made.  Hotel  structures,  however, 
are  still  made  in  the  old  fashioned  way 
by  the  judicious  combination  of  brain 
and  brawn  in  the  use  of  various  building 
materials.  The  peculiar  fitness  of  the 
more  successful  of  the  nations'  hostelries 
has    come    about    not    by    accident   but 

w 

through  a  proper  appreciation  upon  the 
part  of  those  charged  with  the  prepara- 
of  the  plans,  of  the  needs  and  rc(|uire- 
ments  of  the  prospective  occupants. 

The  modern,  up-to-date  hotel  is  "fire- 
proof," that  is  to  say  built  of  fireproof 
material ;  but  it  does  not  necessarily  fol- 
low that  the  structure  is  fire-resistive 
even  to  a  moderate  degree.  The  ar- 
rangement of  the  various  ])arts  may  be 
so  faulty  that  hardly  any  distinctive  fire- 
resistive  qualities  are  exhibited  when  the 
building  is  subjected  to  a  serious  test. 
The  plan  and  arrangement  then  may 
make  or  mar  our  **fireproof"  building  ac- 
cording to  the  degree  of  intelligence  with 
which  the  architect  has  approached  his 
subject  and  the  skill,  or  the  lack  of  it, 
with  which  he  has  anticipated  the  various 
contingenci-es  that  may  arise. 

For  the  purpose  of  this  necessarily 
brief  paper  let  us  assume  that  all  the 
essentials  of  a  thoroughly  safe  and  a 
l)roperly  fireproofed  structural  creation 
are  before  us.  In  such  a  building  the 
foundations  and  the  frame,  the  floor 
system,  and  the  enclosing  w'alls  are  all 
adequate  for  the  loads  expected.  Wind 
and  other  stresses  have  been  liberally 
estimated   and   provided    for,   all   struc- 


tural steel  work,  including  that  in  the 
attics  (so  often  neglected)  is  fully  i)ro- 
tected  bv  terra-cotta  or  concrete  fire- 
proofing,  and  the  room  partitions,  of  fire- 
proof material,  are  all  carefully  con- 
structed, extending  from  one  permanent 
floor  arch  or  plate  to  the  next  and  no- 
where rest  upon  wood  or  other  combus- 
tible material. 

How  now  shall  we  fini.-vh  this  build- 
ing? To  have  wooden  floors  over  hollow 
spaces,  thin  panelled  wooden  doors  be- 
tween the  rooms  and  to  the  corridors, 
wooden  window  sash  and  framing,  open 
stairways  and  elevators,  dummies  and 
vent  shafts  or  pipe  and  wire  shafts  with 
wooden  fronts  or  soldered  metal,  would 
obviously  not  be  in  keeping  with  the  ex- 
cellent start  we  have  made.  What  w-e 
want  is  a  building  which  shall  be  fire- 
proof in  fact  as  w^ell  as  in  name.  The 
perfect  fireproof  building  will  probably 
never  be  erected,  since  to  be  absolutely 
proof  against  fire  from  without  as  wxll 
as  from  within  would  require  a  struc- 
ture so  arranged  as  to  be  practically  un- 
usable and  therefore  economically  im- 
possible. What  we  can  and  should  do, 
how^ever,  is  to  so  design  our  building 
that  but  a  comparatively  small  propor- 
tion of  its  combustible  contents  will  at 
any  one  time  be  subject  to  the  same  fire. 
This  can  only  be  accomplished  through  a 
proper  subdivision  of  areas  by  adequate 
fire  stops  both  vertical  and  horizontal 
and  the  elimination  of  all  combustible 
trim. 

If  our  "fireproof"  is  to  be  w^orthy  of 
the  name  let  us  then  avoid  first  of  all 


184 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


wooden  floors.  Concrete  floors  are  cold 
only  in  cold  buildings — never  in  hotels. 
So  we  will  fasten  our  rugs  directly  to  the 
waterproofed  concrete  surfaces  and  en- 
joy both  greater  safety  from  fire  and 
better  sanitation.  Drawn  steel  or  kal- 
ameined  wood  provides  us  with  doors 
and  room  trim  which,  when  properly 
treated,  rivals  the  natural  woods  in 
beauty  of  finish,  so  why  temporize  with 
the  non-fireproof  trim  in  a  "fireproof" 
building?  Not  merely  the  room  doors 
leading  to  corridors,  but  all  doors  should 
be  of  incombustible  material,  which 
means  that  those  connecting  suites  of 
rooms  should  be  of  this  type.  Mere 
"fireproof"  construction  will  avail  but 
little  if  the  vast  quantities  of  highly 
combustible  contents  which  is  a  neces- 
sary  concomitant  of  the  large  hotel  are 
not  in  some  way  divided  up  into  com- 
paratively small  and  to  that  extent  safer 
groups. 

In  the  general  plan  interior  shafts  or 
fully  enclosed  light  courts  should  be 
avoided;  likewise  interior  vent  shafts. 
All  these  act  like  flues  or  immense  chim- 
neys and  frequently  carry  otherwise  in- 
significant fires  beyond  bounds.  Where 
the  vent  shafts  can  not  be  avoided  four 
inches  of  brick,  terra-cotta  or  concrete 
should  be  the  minimum  thickness  of  the 
enclosing  walls  and  all  openings  into 
them  protected  by  riveted  metal  louvres 
or  wired-glass  in  kalamein  or  metal  sash, 
automatically  closing,  in  case  of  fire, 
through  the  use  of  fusible  links. 

No  feature  of  internal  arrangement  is 
of  more  vital  importance  in  a  hotel  than 
the  proper  and  adequate  enclosure  of  the 
various  agencies  through  which  '(Com- 
munication is  had  from  floor  to  floor. 
Stairways  may  be  of  sufficient  width  and 
strength  and  absolutely  unburnable,  but 
unless  they  are  properly  enclosed  they 
will  avail  but  little  as  means  of  safe 
egress  under  trying  conditions.  A  com- 
peling  desire  to  care  first  for  the  safety, 


comfort  and  convenience  of  his  guests  is 
characteristic  of  every  successful  hotel 
man.  To  have  the  guests  needlessly 
alarmed  even  although  no  danger 
threaten  is  a  thing  to  be  shunned.  Smoke 
communicating  from  floor  to  floor  may 
cause  quite  as  truly  a  loss  as  if  fire 
spread  throughout  the  same  area.  The 
natural  tendency  of  fire  and  smoke  being 
upward,  stairways,  elevators,  dumb- 
waiters, etc.,  should  therefore  not  only 
themselves  be  of  fireproof  material,  but 
the  entire  enclosure,  including  the  cover- 
ing of  such  openings  as  may  be  required, 
should  also  be  equally  fire  resistive.  Un- 
enclosed or  surrounded  by  only  partially 
fire-resistive  material  these  will  serve 
as  ready  means  for  the  rapid  spread  of 
both  fire  and  smoke.  A  standard  ar- 
rangement consists  of  enclosure  in  six- 
inch  terra-cotta  blocks  or  poured  con- 
crete or  their  equivalent  with  all  open- 
ings in  the  same  closed  by  doors  of 
drawn  or  pressed  sheet  steel  or  kala- 
meined  wood,  with  or  without  wired- 
glass  panels  as  may  be  preferred.  Sash,  if 
any,  should  be  similar  material. 

Elevators  should  be  arranged  in  like 
manner,  and  where  a  maximum  of  safety 
is  desired,  elevators  and  stairways  should 
be  in  separate  shafts.  In  large  establish- 
ments, where  a  number  of  stairways  and 
elevators  are  installed,  a  battery  of  ele- 
vators may  be  located  adjoining  a  stair- 
case and  the  entire  outfit  enclosed  in  a 
thoroughly  fireproofed  vestibule  with 
doors  as  indicated  above.  Such  an  ar- 
rangement can  be  approved,  however, 
only  for  shafts  not  extending  into  the 
basements  or  other  hazardous  portions  of 
the  house.  Nor  can  double-acting  swing- 
ing doors,  or,  in  fact,  any  door  without 
fastenings  be  approved,  since  these  offer 
little  resistance  to  the  passage  of  strong 
drafts  of  air. 

Frequently  treated  as  of  secondary  im- 
portance, but  erroneously  so,  are  service 
dummies.   These  should  have  a?  eflFective 


THE  FIREPROOF  HOTEL. 


185 


protection  as  elevators  and  every  effort 
should  be  made  to  separate  them  entirely 
from  the  shafts  used  by  guests,  the  best 
practice  now  being  to  have  them  com- 
municate not  to  hallways  or  corridors, 
but  to  serving  kitchens  on  the  various 
floors. 

Pipe  shafts,  electric  light  conduits  and 
similar  ducts  receive  identical  treatment. 
Indirect  heating  and  ventilating  systems 
should  connect  at  convenient  points  at 
each  floor  with  substantial  brick,  terra- 
cotta or  concrete  flues  equipped  with 
dampers  so  that  portions  may  be  entirely 
shut  off  when  required.  In  this  connec- 
tion it  may  not  be  amiss  to  refer  to  the 
accident  which  recently  befell  a  promin- 
ent New  York  City  hotel.  Through  the 
burning  of  a  quantity  of  rubbish  from  a 
demolished  building,  adjoining  and  close 
to  the  intake  of  a  fresh-air  circulating 
suction  fan,  a  great  volume  of  smoke  was 
drawn  into  and  distributed  throughout 
the  dining  room  at  the  dining  hour.  Aside 
from  the  annoyance  and  discomfort  of 
the  guests,  who  were  compelled  to  vacate 
for  the  time  being,  there  accrued  an  ad- 
ditional loss  through  the  soiling  of  wall 
and  ceiling  decorations  and  draperies. 
This  accident  illustrates  the  care  with 
which  many  of  the  details  of  arrange- 
ment ought  to  be  studied.  Had  the  fresh 
air  intake  been  located  higher  it  is  un- 
likely that  damage  would  have  resulted. 
All  air  circulating  systems  ought  to  be 
equipped  as  a  matter  of  safety  with  read- 
ily accessible  dampers  at  convenient  loca- 
tions, and  provision  should  also  be  made 
for  the  prompt  shutting  off  of  power  to 
suction  fans  or  blowers  at  one  or  more 
points  other  than  at  the  device  itself. 

Before  leaving  the  question  of  floor 
openings  a  word  as  to  window  protec- 
tion is  necessary.  Where  the  neighbor- 
ing buildings  are  of  sufficiently  hazard- 
ous nature  to  warrant  consideration  as 
exposures,  all  windows  facing  or  over  the 
same  must  be  protected  against  the  in- 


gress of  fire.  Exposure  hazard  as  inter- 
preted by  the  fire  prevention  engineer  is 
a  subject  too  extensive  to  enter  into  here, 
but  a  hint  of  the  generally  accepted 
standards  of  protection  is  given.  Thin 
sheet  iron  shutters  are  of  but  slight  value 
and  except  the  exposure  be  extremely 
mild  windows  of  kalameined  wood  with 
wired-glass  are  likewise  not  recom- 
mended. For  a  moderate  exposure  wired- 
glass  in  hollow  metal  sash  and  framing 
is  a  standard  protection;  for  more  haz- 
<ardous  exposure  standard  metal  clad, 
shutters  are  required.  Where  full  pro- 
tection is  desired  on  the  windows  in  rear 
courts  or  ells  of  the  building  which  are 
exposed  only  to  their  own  hazard,  wired- 
glass  in  metal  or  kalameined  sash  should 
be  used.  Even  if  not  all  of  the  windows 
are  so  equipped  those  directly  opening 
from  stairways,  corridors  or  other  exits, 
should  be  thus  protected  to  the  end  that 
these  passages  may  be  reasonably  safe 
against  the  entrance  of  smoke  and  flame. 
Especial  care  is  required  in  the  ar- 
rangement of  the  sub-grade  floors.  Kit- 
chens, storerooms,  bake  and  pastry  shops, 
silver  polishing,  laundry,  carpenter  and 
pipe  fitting  shops,  furniture  repairing  oi 
upholstering  and  similar  hazards  are 
with  few  exceptions  located  here.  In 
addition  to  the  above  there  are  boilers, 
engines  and  dynamos,  pumps  and  ice 
machinery,  as  well  as  fuel  below  grade 
in  the  average  hotel.  All  these  should 
be  segregated  as  thoroughly  as  may  be, 
and  the  space  allotted  to  each  made  as 
small  as  is  consistent  with  safety  and  the 
needs  of  the  department.  Here,  if  any- 
where, stout  dividing  walls  and  partitions 
are  required  and  even  if  there  are  no 
fireproof  doors  in  other  parts  of  the 
house  they  are  a  prime  requisite  here. 
The  stairways,  dumbwaiters  and  all  other 
vertical  floor  openings  which  connect  the 
sub-grade  floors  with  the  upper  portions 
of  the  hotel  should  be  particularly  well 
enclosed  in  fireproof  material  with  fire- 


186 


ARCHITECTURE   AXD   BUILDING. 


proof  doors.  Even  in  the  smaller  estab- 
lishments there  should  never  be  less  than 
two  separate  and  distinct  stairways  to  the 
lower  levels,  so  that  a  fire  may  be  prop- 
erly approached  from  more  than  one  di- 
rection. 

Hoods  over  kitchen  ranges  and  broil- 
ers are  designed  primarily  to  carry  off 
smoke  and  odors.     Opinions  may  differ 
as  to  whether  these  should  be  connected 
to  flues  of  metal   (left  bare  or  covered 
with  asbestos)  encased  in  brick  or  terra- 
cotta shafts  and  retained  upon  the   in- 
side  of   the    building   or    whether   they 
should  be  wholly  outside.  Convenience  or 
inclination  may  decide,  it  matters  little. 
About  the  necessity  of  safe  insulation  of 
these  vent  flues,  there  can  be  no  question, 
however,  since  even  with  the  best  of  cir- 
culation   it   seems   impossible   to   wholly 
avoid    the    condensation    of    vaporized 
grease  within  them.    They  should  be  so 
substantially  made  and  riveted  that  fire, 
whether  accidental  or  designed,  (they  are 
frequently  cleaned  by    being    set    afire) 
may  be  safely  confined  therein.    Where 
such  vents  extend  in  a  horizontal  direc- 
tion for  any  considerable  distance,  clean- 
ing out  doors  should  be  provided  at  inter- 
vals of  from  twelve  to  fifteen  feet. 

It  will  be  found  a  good  plan  to  segre- 
gate as  much  as  possible  the  refrigerating 
machinery  from  the  kitchen,  the  butcher 
shop  and  storerooms  or  any  other 
departments  the  stoppage  of  which  may 
cause  discomfort  and  inconvenience  to 
the  management  or  its  guests.  Conven- 
ience and  perhaps  economy  suggests  that 
the  ice  machine  be  located  in  or  close  to 
the  engine  and  boiler  rooms,  but  acci- 
dents do  happen  even  in  well-regulated 
hotels  and  ammonia  does  escape.  At 
such  times  it  will  be  worth  many  times  its 
cost  to  have  some  special  means  of  tightly 
closing,  as  well  as  quickly  ventilating  the 
refrigerating  machine  room. 

Then  there  is  the  problem  of  rubbish 
disposal,  and  it  is  a  problem  of  no  mean 


proportions  in  many  establishments.  By 
far  the  best  solution  lies  in  the  installa- 
tion of  a  special  rubbish  chute.  Thi3 
may  consist  of  a  sheet  metal  lining  to  a 
brick,  terra-cotta  or  concrete  shaft  with 
all  openings  to  it  protected  by  self-clos- 
ing, vertical  (lifting)  doors  of  not  less 
than  one-quarter  inch  boiler  plate  or  its 
equivalent.  The  rubbish  chute  should  ter- 
minate in  a  fireproof  baling  room,  en- 
trance to  W'hich  is  gained  through  a  fire- 
proof vestibule.  All  openings  here  should 
be  protected  by  standard  metal  clad  doors 
closing  automatically  through  the  melting 
of  fusible  links.  The  necessity  for  similar 
chutes  for  linen  may  not  be  so  apparent, 
but  their  installation  is  a  refinement 
which  will  make  for  increased  efficiency 
and  yet  cost  but  little  when  incorporated 
in  the  original  plans.  Instead  of  being 
baled  for  shipment  all  rubbish  may  be 
consumed  in  an  incinerator  located  in  the 
boiler  room  or  in  a  specially  designed 
compartment  cut  off  by  fire  doors. 

Like  the  service  dumbwaiters,  service 
stairways  and  elevators  are  frequently 
treated  as  of  secondary  importance,  while 
as  a  matter  of  fact  thev  are  much  more 
important  from  the  standpoint  of  fire  pre- 
vention than  are  those  intended  exclus- 
ively or  largely  for  guests.  Temporary 
storage  of  rubbish  and  soiled  linen  (some- 
times where  chutes  have  been  provided) 
is  frequently  noticed  in  these  shafts  which 
is  an  additional  reason  why  the  require- 
ments for  their  enclosure  should  be  not 
less  rigid  than  those  already  described. 

Although  we  may  have  provided  both 
structurally  and  through  efficient  man- 
agement against  the  dangers  of  fire,  pro- 
vision must  also  be  made  for  its  prompt 
extinguishment  should  it  occur.  First  and 
foremost  as  an  efficient  fire  extinguisher, 
in  the  opinion  of  the  writer,  is  the  humble 
fire  pail.  Objection  is  sometimes  made 
to  its  unsightliness  and  in  a  hotel 
this  is  an  item  to  be  considered.  The 
criticism  mav  be  almost  whollv  overcome 


THE  FIREPROOF  HOTEL 


187 


by  placing  the  pails  in  closets  along  the 
corridors  or  in  specially  designed  wall  re- 
cesses along  with  the  fire  axes  and  hooks 
which  are  required  by  the  fire  regula- 
tions of  most  municipalities.  Metal  tanks 
containing  six  filled  pails  are  also  avail- 
able and  these  are  both  sightly  and  sani- 
tary. 

Next  in  value  for  incipent  fires  is  the 
portable  three-gallon  chemical  extin- 
guisher. These  are  particularly  useful  in 
the  suppression  of  fires  in  concealed 
spaces  or  other  situations  not  so  readily 
reached  by  water  from  a  fire  pail.  A 
goodly  number  of  chemical  extinguishers 
should  be  provided  for  all  parts  of  the 
house.  Standpipes  with  sufficient  hose  at- 
tached to  thoroughly  cover  any  point  on  a 
floor  are  required  for  larger  fires.  The 
water  supply  for  the  standpipes  may  be 
either  from  tanks  on  the  roof,  city  water 
or  fire  pumps.  The  larger  establishments 
usually  combine  all  of  the  sources  of  sup- 
ply described  above,  but  whatever  the 
source,  the  supply,  to  be  efficient,  must  be 
ample.  Except  in  very  small  establish- 
ments, the  standpipes  should  be  six 
inches  or  more  in  diameter  (never  less 
than  four  inches)  and  the  hose  two  and 
one-half  inches.  Where  the  water  for 
standpipes  is  taken  from  tanks  used  also 
for  house  purposes,  an  amply  adequate 
proportion  of  the  total  capacity  of  the 
tank  should  be  reserved  exclusively  for 
the  fire  lines. 

To  not  extend  the  standpipe  lines  to 
the  roof  of  a  fireproof  hotel  is  a  grievous 
error.  Outlets  provided  with  hose  prop- 
erly housed  should  be  located  here  as  a 
protection  against  fires  in  neighboring 
buildings.  In  locating  the  fire  pump  it 
is  quite  necessary  that  some  thought  be 
given  to  its  accessibility  as  well  as  to 
making  suitable  provision  for  draining 
the  pump  and  boiler  rooms.  Here  also, 
as  in  the  case  of  standpipes  and  tanks, 
nothing  is  gained  by  niggardliness.  When 
water  for  fire  lines  is  required  it  is  usual- 


ly wanted  badly  and  in  quantities.  One 
good  sized  stream,  vigorously  propelled 
is  usually  more  effective  than  a  half- 
dozen  feeble  streams.  A  large  capacity 
pump,  full  sized  piping,  liberal  steam 
supply,  all  are  essential. 

Automatic  sprinklers  are  strongly 
urged  for  all  work  rooms,  such  as  car- 
penter or  upholstery  shops,  and  in  the 
store  rooms,  rubbish  rooms,  baggage 
rooms,  etc.  There  seems  to  be  no  immedi- 
ate necessity  for  their  general  introduc- 
tion throughout  the  entire  sub-grade 
floors,  although  to  be  sure  no  harm  could 
accrue,  except  that  as  a  matter  of  choice 
they  had  best  be  kept  out  of  dynamo  and 
motor  rooms  where  short  circuiting 
would  follow  their  discharge  from  what- 
ever cause.  Pressed  for  patronage,  some 
resourceful  manager  may  yet  equip  his 
entire  hojel  with  automatic  sprinklers,  al- 
though it  is  unlikely  that  a  legitimate  de- 
mand for  such  an  installation  will  be  for- 
mulated by  the  civil  authorities  or  by  the 
fire  underwriters  if  the  recommendations 
herein  submitted  are  adhered  to.  An  ad- 
ditional and  very  important  fire  extin- 
guisher of  trifling  cost  is  available  in  the 
use  of  steam  jets.  These  may  be  intro- 
duced into  small  confined  spaces  such  as 
the  rubbish  room  and  are  invaluable  for 
the  vent  flues  leading  from  kitchen  ranges 
and  broilers. 

It  is  perhaps  needless  to  add  that  the 
valves  for  turning  on  the  steam  must  be 
located  upon  the  outside  of  the  rooms 
sought  to  be  protected  and  in  the  case  of 
flues  located  in  readily  accessible  places 
somewhat  remote  from  the  point  or 
points  where  fire  is  expected. 

Having  done  all  these  things  to  guard 
against  fire  becoming  unduly  destructive, 
we  want  now  to  insure  that  they  be  main- 
tained in  an  operative  condition.  This  is 
best  accomplished  by  the  establishment 
of  a  fire  brigade  among  the  employees 
under  the  supervision  of  the  chief  engi- 
neer or  an   equally    competent    person. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Weekly  inspection  of  every  piece  of  fire- 
fighting  paraphernalia  by  alternating  sets 
of  the  members  of  such  a  brigade,  duly 
recorded  upon  prepared  blanks,  will  do 
much  toward  making  Ithe  location  of 
these  safeguarding  agencies  familiar  to 
those  best  qualified  to  use  them,  as  well 
as  providing  against  their  being  in  an  in- 
operative condition  through  neglect.  Fire 
drills  may  and  should  be  established  for 
sub-grade  floors  or  wherever  and  when- 
ever they  will  not  cause  alarm  and  panic 
among  the  guests,  and  a  sufficient  num- 
ber of  the  employees  instructed  in  the 
use  of  the  various  fire  appliances. 

Watchmen  are  another  feature  of  hotel 
management  which  must  be  provided  for. 
Watchmen  without  watch  clocks  to  record 
their  rounds  are  not  popular.  The  port- 
able watchclock  with  key  stations  in  con- 
nection with  an  auxiliary  alarm  system 
is  both  efficient  and  not  costly.  There  are 


also  other  recording  devices  which  signal 
electrically  to  some  distant  central  office 
station  at  stated  intervals.  The  latter  in- 
stallation is,  of  course,  much  more  ex- 
pensive and  in  the  case  of  hotels  where 
there  are  at  all  times  a  considerable  num- 
ber of  employees  about,  not  necessarily 
more  desirable.  The  installation  of 
auxiliary  fire-alarm  boxes  may  be  upon 
these  circuits  or  direct  lo  fire  headquar- 
ters. Most  large  establishments  prefer 
to  have  all  the  various  floor  fire-alarm 
boxes  register  upon  an  annunciator  in  the 
hotel  office,  reserving  the  sending  of  the 
actual  alarm  to  the  judgement  of  the 
hotel  management. 

While  some  of  these  features,  properly 
speaking,  belong  exclusively  to  the  man- 
agement, the  necessity  for  their  consider- 
ation is  impressed  upon  the  architect  so 
that  he  may  be  enabled  to  provide  intel- 
ligently for  their  execution. 


ARCHITECTURE   A-\'D  BUILDING. 


Architecture  and  Bull  dins- 


18 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


MOLDING  CONCRETE  CHIMNEYS.  SLATE 
AND  ROOF  TILES.     By  A.  A.  Houghton, 
New  York:     The  Norman  W.  Henley  Pub- 
lishing   Company.      Price,   50   cents. 
This  is  another  practical  treatise  by  Mr.  Hough- 
ton.   The  first  part  of  the  book  treats  of  chimney 
construction,    small    monolithic    chimneys,    inter- 
locking blocks  for  concrete  chimneys,  ornamental 
molds  for  chimneys,  forms  for  large  monolithic 
chimneys,  etc.    The  author  then  discusses  various 
types  of  concrete  roofs  and  goes  into  the  subject 
of    concrete    roof    construction    in    a    practical 
manner.       Illustrations     are    given     throughout, 
showing  the  methods  and  devices  employed.    The 
subject  of   roof  loads   and  bearing   capacity   of 
roofs  is  shortly  discussed  at  the  end  of  the  work. 


SANFORD'S  MANUAL  OF  COLOR.  By  John 
Ithiel  Sanford.  Price  $1.00. 
This  is  a  simple  treatise  on  the  subject  of  the 
primary  colors  and  their  blending.  A  color 
chart  shows  the  system  of  blending,  and  there  is 
also  shown  a  complete  chart  of  the  prismatic  or 
rainbow  colors.  The  arrangement  of  this  chart 
shows  how  the  three  primary  colors  passing 
through  a  prism  are  combined  to  give  the  seven 
colors  with  the  various  intervening  shades. 


THE  KINGDOM  OF  DUST.     Profusely  illus- 
trated.    By  J.   Gordon   Ogden,   Ph.D.     Chi- 
cago:     The    Popular    Mechanics    Company. 
Price,  50  cents. 
This  little  book  is  an  interesting  essay  which 
is  very  well  illustrated,  dealing  with  the  subject 
6i  dust  in  the  atmosphere  and  the  various  phe- 
nomena   which    accompany    it    and    are    related 
thereto.     The  first  chapter  treats  of  dust  in  the 
atmosphere,  or  terrestrial  dust;  the  second  with 
dosmic  dust,  or  the  dust  of  the  universe..     Fur- 
tlier  chapters  treat  with  the  injurious  substances 
Which  are  carried  by  dust,   from  inorganic   poi- 
sons  to   the   organic   poisons   of   the   molds   and 
bacteria. 

A  PRACTICAL  MANUAL  OF  STEAM  AND 

HOT-WATER     HEATING.      By     Edward 

Richmond  Pierce.     First  Edition.     Chicago: 

The  Domestic  Engineering  Co.     Price,  $2.50. 

In  reviewing  this  book,  a  great  recommendation 

for   it   is  the  knowledge  and  experience  of   the 

author.     Mr.  Pierce  has  devoted  the  energy  of 

a  long  and  active  business  life  to  the  study  of 

heating  conditions  and  the  scope  of  his  activities 

has  covered  a  great  range  of  territory      He  has 

familiarized  himself  with  heating  conditions   as 

they  apply  locally  in  all  sections  of  the  United 

States.      Connected    as    he    has    been    with    the 

American   Radiator  Company,  he  has  been  able 


to  study  the  conditions  of  manufacture  as  well  as 
those  of  installation,  and  his  treatment  of  the 
subject  of  steam  and  hot- water  heating  is  a 
broad  and  liberal  one. 

The  book  is  written  in  the  simplest  language 
and  it  should  do  much  to  increase  the  demand 
for  reliable  and  efficient  heating  apparatus.  The 
author  has  patiently  drilled  through  every  prob- 
lem ordinarily  met  with  in  estimating  and  in- 
stalling heating  apparatus  under  various  con- 
ditions. 


CONSTRUCTIVE  CARPENTRY.  By  Charles 
A.  King.   Published  by  the  American  Book 
Company,  New  York.    Price,  70  cents. 
This   is  the   third   book  of   King's   series   in 
woodwork  and  carpentry,  and  it  is  particularly 
intended   for   students   in   technical,    industrial 
and  trade  schools,  who  have  advanced  beyond 
the  work  as  outlined  in  the  previous  element- 
ary volumes.    The   subjects   treated  are  those 
which  would  be  of  greatest  value  to  the  pros- 
pective  and   the   finished  workman.  The  book 
consists  of  a  series  of  problems  which  arise  in 
the  diflFerent  stages  in  the  construction  of  the 
shell  of  a  house,  until  it  reaches  the  point  where 
it  is  ready  for  the  inside  work.     Special  atten- 
tion is  given  to  the  use  of  the  steel  square  in 
framing  roofs  and  the  methods  by  which  the 
angles  of  the  diflFerent  cuts  and  the  lengths  of 
the  rafters  and  other  members  of  the  frame  of 
the  house,  may  be  found.    The  chapters  of  the 
])Ook    include    masonry    foundations,    with    in- 
structions concerning  the  laying  out  of  build- 
injr  sites:   forms  of  construction,  which  cover 
the  various  methods  of  framing;  mill  construc- 
tion:  the  carpenter's  steel  square  and  carpen- 
ter's i?eometry,  which  is  a  new  method  of  pre- 
senting the  use  of  the  steel  square:  roof  con- 
struction, which  is  treated  in  considerable  de- 
tail: ])oarding  in  and  outside  finish:  roof  cov- 
erings; and  plastering,  which  includes  methods 
o{  lathing.     There  is  a  glossary  of  terms  used 
in  carpentry,  and  an   index. 


thp:  p:ssentials  of  lettering,    a 

Manual   for   Students  and  Designers.     By 
Thomas    E.    French    and    Robert    Meikle- 
john.    Third  Edition,  revised  and  enlarged. 
Published  by  the  McGraw-Hill  Book  Com- 
pany.  New  York.     Price.  $1.00. 
This  book,  which  is  now  in  its  third  edition, 
contains    an    historical     outline     of     lettering, 
chapters    on    letter    construction,    composition 
and  titles,  selection  of  style,  letters  in  design, 
design   and    composition,    monograms,   ciphers 
and    marks,    drawing   for    reproduction,   and   a 
bibliography  of  the  subject.     The  chapters  on 
design  and  composition,  and   monograms,   are 
particularly    interesting    and    useful;    while    to 
the    student    of    the    subject    of    lettering,    the 
bibliography  is   an   exceedingly  valuable  addi- 
tion. 


ARCHITECTURE   AKD   BUILDING. 


Ing  Advertisers,   please  mention   i 


20 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


Art  and  Architecture 


At  the  March  meeting  of  the  Philadelphia 
Chapter  A.  I.  A.,  Mr.  Crane  of  the  committee 
on  biography  and  history,  issued  a  further  re- 
quest for  members  to  fill  out  biographical 
blanks  in  order  to  complete  the  files  of  the 
committee.  Besides  the  personal  advantage  of 
having  such  records  in  hand,  there  is  an  ad- 
vantage to  the  profession  at  large,  and,  we 
might  say,  the  community  at  large,  in  record- 
ing the  life  work  of  architects.  In  a  sense 
such  a  collective  biography  is  a  history  of  the 
national  building  development  and  our  civic 
monuments.  Every  architect  should  be  inter- 
ested in  this  movement  and  it  is  one  that  is 
worthy  of  emulation  by  all  other  chapters  of 
the  Institute  and  the  various  architectural 
clubs  throughout  the  United  States. 


taken  the   first   four   courses   and  must  have  a 
knowledge  of  arithmetic  through  square  root. 


In  furtherance  of  the  discussion  at  the 
February  meeting,  a  committee  on  practice 
was  created,  which  is  to  prepare  a  revised 
schedule  of  charges  for  the  Philadelphia  Chap- 
ter. In  view  of  the  creation  of  this  new  com- 
mittee, Mr.  D.  K.  Boyd  moved  that  it  should 
also  be  charged  with  the  preparation  of  the 
documents  which  he  had  advocated  at 
the  last  meeting,  namely,  a  form  of  un- 
derstanding, not  agreement,  between  the 
client  and  the  architect,  setting  forth 
the  principles  of  practice,  a  combination 
as  it  were  of  the  schedule,  the  code  of  ethics 
and  the  code  of  competitions,  the  same  to  be 
incorporated,  if  favorably  considered  by  the 
committee,  with  the  proposed  chapter  sched- 
ule.  The  motion  was  adopted. 


COURSES  IN  ARCHITECTURAL  DRAFT- 
ING AT  THE  MECHANICS'  INSTITUTE 
The  General  Society  of  Mechanics  and  Trades- 
men of  the  City  of  New  York  presents  the  fol- 
lowing architectural  courses  in  their  school  de- 
partment: an  elementary  course  for  beginners 
which  includes  preliminary  work  in  projects  and 
detail  drawings  of  various  structural  features;  a 
second  year  course  which  takes  up  plans  and 
elevations  for  frame  houses  and  further  details; 
a  third  year  course  which  covers  the  plans,  ele- 
vations and  details  of  city  buildings.  There  is  a 
fourth  course  in  estimating  for  builders,  and  a 
fifth  course  in  advanced  estimating.  To  graduate 
in  architectural  drafting,  the  student  must  have 

HARRY"BISSING 

CoMultimt  Eagineer 

Specialist  in  Liffhtinff,  Heatinff, 
Ventilating  and  Stage  Equip- 
ment for  Theatres  and  Halls 

963  W.  42d  STREET  NEW  YORK 


TO  COOPER  UNION  GRADUATES 
The  erection  of  the  "Hewitt  Memorial  Build- 
ing" cannot  fail  to  be  a  matter  of  deep  interest 
to  every  graduate  and  former  student  of  Cooper 
Union.  The  complete  project  is  a  six-story  and 
basement  building,  but  lack  of  funds  prevents  the 
trustees  from  building  more  than  the  basement 
and  two  stories  at  the  present  time. 

The  executive  committee  of  the  General  Alum- 
ni Association,  feeling  that  the  graduates  would 
desire  in  some  way  to  contribute  to  the  building, 
have  asked  the  director  how  they  might  best 
co-operate,  and  received  in  reply  the  suggestion, 
approved  by  the  trustees,  that  the  alumni  might 
undertake  to  decorate  and  furnish  the  room  on 
the  first  floor  of  the  building,  to  be  known  as  the 
Students'  and  Graduates'  Room. 

Further  particulars  can  be  obtained  by  writ- 
ing to  the  Cooper  Union  Alumni  Association. 


In  the  January  issue  of  the  Quarterly  Bulletin 
of  the  American  Institute  of  Architects,  there 
appears  an  article  on  the  American  Academy  at 
Rome,  by  Glenn  Brown,  which  is  splendidly  illus- 
trated from  a  fine  series  of  photographs.  The 
issue  on  this  account  will  be  of  wider  interest 
and  will  be  valued  by  many  besides  Institute 
members. 


The  Mayor  of  Pittsburgh  has  recently  ap- 
pointed a  city  planning  commission  and  an  art 
commission.  Many  matters  of  interest  to  Pitts- 
burgh will  be  taken  up  by  these  two  commissions 
and  municipal  improvement  should  follow.  The 
plan  for  the  river- front  improvement  which  in- 
cludes a  levee  along  the  Ohio  River  is  part  of  the 
scheme  of  development  in  the  hands  of  these 
commissions.  The  new  building  projects  in  Pitts- 
burgh include  the  erection  of  a  new  hotel  on  the 
site  of  the  old  Colonial  Hotel,  and  a  new  theatre 
which  will  be  located  on  Forbes  Street,  and  a 
new  building  for  the  East  End  Savings  and 
Trust  Company. 


The  Housing  Committee  of  the  Pittsburgh 
Chamber  of  Commerce  has  recently  presented  a 
report  urging  the  erection  of  small,  sanitar}' 
dwellings  for  working  people,  at  a  cost  of  from 
$1,600  to  $2,000.  It  is  apparent  that  these  build- 
ings are  intended  to  be  built  in  large  groups, 
thus  reducing  the  unit  cost.  We  quote  from  the 
report : 

"We  find  the  proposition  for  single  dwellings 
preferable  over  tenements.  It  is,  therefore,  to- 
ward the  single  dwelling,  we  desire  to  guide  the 
sentiment  of  our  builders.  There  is  an  urgent 
need  in  Pittsburgh  for  a  large  number  of  small 
sanitary  workmen's  dwellings  that  may  be  rented 
for  approximately  $12  to  $25  a  month." 


When  writing  Advertisers,   please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


I.  MORTTZ.  Pn«>.  TckpbcH  IM  PUu 

Architectural  Metal  Works 

SKYLIGHTS 

OORNKES     AND     ROOFING 

CORRUGATED  IRON  WORK 

Il92-lia4  SECOND  AVENUE NEW  YORK 

Holabird  &.  Roche,  who  have  for  long  been 
located  in  the  Monadnock  Block,  Chicago,  111., 
announce  ihat  they  will,  on  May  1,  1912,  move 
to  offices  in  the  new  Monroe  Building,  104  South 
Michigan  Boulevard,  comer  of  Monroe  Street, 
Chicago,  111. 


An  exhibition  of  28  water  color  paintings  by 
Walter  L.  Palmer  is  being  held  in  the  art  gal- 
lery of  Pratt  Institute.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  This 
will  close  on  April  27th. 


ELECTRIC  POWER  ON  THE  FARM. 

Bulletin  No.  25  of  the  Engineering  Experi- 
ment Station  of  Iowa  State  CollcRe  bears  the 
title  "Electric  Power  on  the  Farm"  by  Adolph' 
Shane.  The  paper  is  very  concisely  handled 
and  is  an  exhaustive  document.  It  deals  with 
electricity  in  the  house,  electricity  in  the  barn 
and  the  use  of  eleclric  power  about  the  farm 
land.  The  bulletin  is  equally  applicable  to  the 
use  of  electricity  on  a  country  estate  and  with 
both  illustrations  and  text  shows  the  varied 
uses  of  electric  power.  The  economic  aspect 
is  not  lost  sight  of  and  the  author  has  taken 
pains  to  tabulate  the  cost  of  current  and  the 
amount  of  current  consumed.  Further,  the  cost 
of  installation  is  gone  into  in  great  detail  and 
wiring  diagrams,  plans  and  illustrations  of 
equipment  and  power  supply  are  given.  The 
cost  data  is  thorough  and  closely  figured. 


OBITUARY 

WILLIAM  PHYFF. 

ith  deep  regret  the  death  of 
William  Phyte,  of  P.  &  F.  Corbin,  of  New 
York.  He  was  a  loyal  friend  and  employe,  a 
salesman  who  represented  the  company  as  well 
as  sold  its  goods,  and  a  man  of  sterling  char- 
r  who  won   the   respect  and  confidence   of 


all  with  whot 


he  c 


He  had  been  identified  with  ihe  company 
since  1852.  with  the  exception  of  one  brief  ab- 
sence. As  one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  field,  he 
did  his  part  to  foster  the  growth  of  the  hard- 
ware industry  and  as  an  honorable,  kindly 
gentleman  he  made  a  record  in  his  daily  life  of 
which  those  with  whom  he  associated  may  well 


BULLETIN    BOARDS    FOR    HOTELS 


U.  S.  CHMGUBLE  SIGH  t^^'SiJS!^? 

i  WmI  IMh  SlTMt,  Hw  Vark 


DETAILS  OF 

BUILDING 

CONSTRUCTION 

BY 

CLARENCE  A.  MARTIN.  Archt. 

A  collection  of  thirty-three  plates, 
10x12}^  inches,  giving:  over  300 
separate  details,  covering  all  the 
ordinary  methods  of  building,  and 
in  many  cases  showing  alternative 
methods.  The  plates  are  models  of 
detailed  drawing  and  the  text  is  iti 
the  forms  of  notes  lettered  on  the 
drawings.     Buckram.   Price,  $2.00. 

WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO. 

Publisher 
33  WARREN  ST..  NEW  YORK  CITY 


When   wrltlnB  Advertlsa 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


Fireproofing   and    Fire-Protection 

MR.   G.   H.   STEWART 

CREMATION    FOR  THE   MONTH  lionists  may  be  fruitful.     We  are  indebted 

The  ^gregate  fire  loss  for  the  month  of  March      carefully  kept   records  of   the   Journ^   of  Com- 


merce and  Commercial  BulUiin  for  the  informa- 


in   the    United   States   and   Canada   totaled   $16,- 
650,850.     This  loss  is  approximately   half  of  the 

fire  loss  for  the  month  of  March,  1911,  and  sev-  PHILADELPHIA  AND  FIRE  LOSSES, 

cral   millions    less   than   that    for    the   month   of  Philadelphia   burned   up   $2,185,928  worth   of 

March,   1910,     Nevertheless,  it  is  sufficient.     TTie  property   during  the   year   1911.     This   was   all 

cause  of  the  large  fire  loss  in  March,   1911,  was  covered   by   insurance  with    the    exception    of 

the   serious   fire   in   the   State   House   at   Albany,  $134,400  worth.  The  loss  in  buildings  amounted 

together  with  several  others.     Some  further  com-  to  slightly  over  half  a  million  and  the  contents 

parisons  are  interesting.     The  total  loss   for  the  nearly  a  million  and  a  half.    The  actual  number 

first    three    months   of    1912    is    $80,905,950.      As  of    fires    was    3,878    and    of    this    number    2,857 

compared   with   the  first  three  months  of   1911—  were    confined    to    the    floor     on     which     they 

$e9.907,2SO-and   1910-$49, 130,250— this  is  a  very  started.   This  is  surely  a  splendid  showing  and 

large  increase  and  an  extensive  handicap  for  the  a  great  tribute  to  the  city  fire  department. 

beginning    year.      In    the    Eastern    Underwriter,  Ii  is  interesting  to  note  how  Philadelphia  is 

Mr.  Bertram  C.  Scudder  has  figured  out  that  at  starting  off  a  new  year.     In  the  month  of  Jan- 

the   ratio   for  the   first  two   months  of   1912,  the  uary  there  was  a  $200,000  damage  in  a  moving 

yearly  loss  will  reach  the  $300,000,000  mark.  The  picture     film     factory.       February     started     in 

March  figures  show  a  marked  decrease  under  the  promptly  with  a  loss  which  was  roughly  esti- 

figures   for  January  and  February   for  this  year,  mated    at   $800,000   in    a    fire   which    destroyed 

the  January  loss  being  $35,653,450,  and  the  Feb-  three  large  factory  buildings.     The  outlook  is 

niary  loss   being  $28,601,650,     It   is  to  be  hoped  not  promising  for   1912,  and   Philadelphia  will 

that  the  loss  throughout  the  rest  of  the  year  may  have  to  reduce  its  monthly  average  materially 

tend    to    reduce   the    high    averages   of   the   first  to  come  within  (he  limits  of  1911, 

months  and  that   the   efforts  of  our  fire-preven-  (Continued  on  page  24) 


The  Newman  Watchman's  Clock  System 

has  been  specified  by  more  architects  in  the 
past  year  than  practically  all  other  makes 
combined.  -         -         -         WHY? 


ASK  ANY  LEADING 
FIRE  INSURANCE  UNDERWRITER 


NEWMAN  CLOCK  COMPANY 

Largeft  Makers    of   Watch- 
man's   Clocks    in     America 
New  York  Chicago 

178  Fnllim  Street  Mtk  Wabash  ATemie 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THIS  FIRE  COST  $750,000 

Five  large  structures  were    destroyed,    including  a  church 
and  four  manufacturing  buildings. 

It  Would  haVe  been  prevented 

If  the  architects  of  these  buildings  had  taken  precautions 
to    preserve    their    creations    by    equipping    them    with 


These  automatic  sprinklers  not  only  catch  the  fire  at  the  start  and  put  it  out 
before  it  becomes  dangerous,  but  also,  by  virtue  of  their  ability  to  do  this, 
command  enough  reductions  in  insurance  premiums  to  pay  for  themselves  in 
about  five  years.     After  this  period  the  reduction  in  premiums  is  clear  gain. 

GE,NE,RAL   FIRE   EXTINGUISHER   CO. 

Executive  Offices,  Providence,  K..  I. 

Pbnts,  Warehouses  and  Offices  in  ihe  Principal  Ciliei  of  the  United  States  and  Canada 

We  are  preiarcd 
Water  Heating  a 

When  wrltlns  AdvertlaerB,  pleaae  menttot 


ARCHITECTURE  AND.  BUILDING. 


r 


3EIGE 


^Tn 


ROCKWOOD 
SPRINKLER  CO. 


Phikdelphia  takes  quick  action 
and,  as  the  result  of  a  conference  held  by  Di- 
rector Porter  of  the  Department  of  Public 
Safety,  Charles  A.  Hexamer,  secretary  of  the 
Fire  Underwriters'  Associaiion,  Dr.  Jesse  D. 
Burks,  Director  of  the  Bureau  of  Municipal  Re- 
search, and  Fire  Marshal  Lattimer,  Mayor 
Blankenburg  of  Philadelphia  will  be  asked  to 
appoint  a  commission  to  investigate  fire 


n  that  city. 


COMPLETE 

0  AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  g 

^  EQUIPMENTS  - 

ApproTod  bj  All  laiurance  Intwaata 

NEW  YORK  OFHCE 
UNDERWRITERS'  BUILDING 

123  WILLIAM  STRE,ET 
NEW  YORK 


3IDQE 


THE    HAZARD  OF   THE    MOVING 
PICTURE  FILM. 

City  officials  in  Philadelphia  have  demon- 
strated by  actual  experiments  the  highly  In- 
flammable nature  of  moving  picture  films, 
which,  it  was  shown,  would  explode  or  burst 
into  fiame  when  exposed  to  a  temperature  of 
about  300  degrees.  An  overheated  steam  pipe, 
it  was  claimed,  would  be  sufficient  for  such 
purpose. 

Overheating  of  films  from  steam  pipes  was 
the  cause  which  was  suggested  for  the  fire 
which  occurred  on  January  13th  in  Philadel- 
phia, causing  a  $200,000  damage  to  a  moving 
picture  film  plant  and  theatre.  The  experiments 
referred  to  above  were  conducted  in  the  office 
of  Fire  Marshal  Lattimer  at  City  Hall  by 
William  McDevitt,  chief  inspector  for  the 
Philadelphia  Fire  Underwriters'  Association; 
Assistant  Director  Murphy,  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Public  Safety;  Chief  Fire  Inspector 
Baxter,  Harry  Schwable,  manager  of  the  Gen- 
eral Film  Company  in  whose  building  the  fire 
started,  and  other  film  manufacturers. 

MARCH  FIREPROOF  DIGEST. 
In  reviewing  the  "Fireproof  Digest"  for 
March,  we  can  report  progress.  The  article  on 
the  "World's  Waste  by  Fire"  is  continued,  and 
also  that  on  "Electricity  for  Buildings."  A 
very  interesting  article  on  the  "Press  and  the 
Publisher"  deals  with  the  big  adverliser  and 
the  publisher. 

A  COMMENT. 
That  the  big  advertiser  owns  the  publisher 
is  one  way  of  looking  at  it.  This  may  very  well 
apply  to  the  daily  press,  but  as  far  as  the  class 
magazine  is  concerned  we  believe  it  is  true  that 
these  are  largely  owned  not  by  the  big  adver- 
tiser, but  by  the  subscribers  or  the  class  to 
which  they  appeal.  Our  lumber  papers  are 
bitter  against  the  introduction  of  steel  cars. 
They  cater  to  both  the  subscriber  and  the  ad- 
{Continued  on  page  26) 

Gtnsolidated  Chandelier  Co. 

HANUFACTUBEBS  OP 

Gas  luid  Electric  Fixtures 

1S2.I36  W.  14th  St  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Ing  Advertlaera,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Bulldlnic. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


Berger's 


An  Inexpensive,  Practical,  Fireproof  Construction  *""'   **"  "" 

The  use  of  Berger's  Meta]  Lumber  eliminates  repairs  and  makes  possible  a  structure  prac- 
tically indestructible.  The  Metal  Lumber  construction  includes  floors,  partitions,  walls, 
roofs,  porches— everything,  in  fact,  wherein  wood  is  employed  as  a  structural  material. 
Bosidts  being  fire-proot,  it  is  shock.proof,  sound-proof,  damp-proof,  vermin-proof  and  rodent- 
proof.  Thesefeatuxes  have  been  proven  by  actual  use.  It  is  easily  and  speedily  erected. 
Pieces  are  cut  at  our  plant  in  accordance  with  working  drawings  and  shipped  ready  to 
assemble.     Ordinary  mechanics  do  the  work  in  less  time  than  is  reqiiired  to  erect  wood. 


ITriu  nearesi  office  for  btnUet.  "METAL  LUMBER"—!/  nnlaim  evtrj 
detail,  and  lAotvj  pholtigrapki  of  actual  installation! 

The  Berger  Mfg.  Company 

culase  Canton,  Ohio       pbiuddphik 

AUUU  p^,^^    j^jj    g^^^    g^^    FUrriae,        '"  tTMewt* 

Sidtmalt  LiahU.  Frrro-  lAthicPlata, 
lluUiptfx  Plata.  Kib-TruM  Plata. 


You  Can  Make  a  Big  Saving 

Your  Clients*  Operating  Expenses 

by  specifying  Goulds  Efficient 
Power  Pumps  for  general  water 
supply,  fire  protection,  elevator 
service  and  boiler  feeding. 

This  book  f^ves  data   on   actual   installations 
where  Goulds   Efficient   Pumps  Have   reduced 
I  piunping  costs  by  two-thirds  and  more. 


ILAKSEST  B^FE-OF  ^^  ^^  ^^  I?"©!^  EVERT  lURYIieE 

142  Fall  St.,   Seneca  Falls,  N.  Y.  BraTtcht^   in  All   important    Citiei' 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUJLDIXG. 


Fire  Protection 


.u'll  tuR  u    wvliu 


Calaltgues.  cuts  and  ol/ier  data  gladly  sin 
„n  afflicalitn. 

John  Simmons  Co. 

102-110  Centre  St.,  New  Yi 


verliser;  very  often  with  biased  opinions.  Our 
engineering  press  is  swayed  by  the  inertia  of 
engineering  opinion.  It  stands  pat  on  thai  and 
resents  intrusions  of  new  ideas.  Uur  architec- 
lural  press  is  very  touchy  on  the  subject  of 
design  and  the  pre-eminence  of  the  architect. 
But  these  are  the  subscribers  and  not  the  ad- 
vertisers, and  on  the  whole  the  magazine  editor 
is  less  restricted  than  the  editor  of  the  daily 
press.  He  is  not  controlled  by  the  big  adver- 
tiser and  he  can  afford  to  tell  the  truth — the 
whole  of  it^More  often  than  can  the  editor  of 
the  daily  press, 

Cincinnati  is  making  use  of  her  firemen  as 
Rre-prevention  inspectors.  It  is  now  part  of  a 
fireman's  duty  to  inspect  houses  in  the  imme- 
diate neighborhood  of  his  station.  Printed 
blanks  are  provided  for  the  gathering  of  data 
concerning  the  condition  of  every  building  in 
Cincinnati  from  the  standpoint  of  lire  danger 
and  sanitation.  The  firemen  are  making  these 
inspections  and  their  reports  are  submitted  to 
the  chief  of  the  fire  department.  The  latter, 
under  the  Mayor's  instruction,  will  then  notify 
the  owner  or  occupants  of  such  houses  as  may 
he  necessary  to  clean  the  premises  of  any- 
thing that  may  tend  to  endanger  the  house. 
.\ccumulations  of  rubbish  in  cellars  and  attics 
are  to  be  ordered  out.  Explosives  or  inflam- 
mables that  may  be  on  the  premises  will  be 
ordered  removed.  Changes  will  also  be  ordered 
in  the  arrangement  of  goods  of  business  houses 
so  as  to  provide  reasonable  access  in  case  of 
fire. 

FIRE  PREVENTION:  AN  INSUKAKCE 
REVIEW 

With  February,  the  first  issue  of  this  publi- 
cation, which  is  the  official  paper  of  the  North 
Dakota  and  South  Dakota  Stale  Fire  Preven- 
tion Associations,  has  appeared.  The  publica- 
tion contains  a  number  of  articles  and  local  com- 
ment,  all    relative   to   fire   prevention   and   insur- 


FIRE  BUCKET  TANKS. 

.\mong  the  proverbs  which  have  grown  ven- 
erable with  age  and  hoary  with  time,  the  prov- 
erb, "An  ounce  of  prevention  is  worth  a  pound 
of  cure."  is  one  of  the  very  oldest,  and  so  far 
as  the  writer's  knowlcdRe  goes,  this  proverb 
advocating  forethought  and  advance  prudence 
has  only  one' senior  and  that  one  is  the  story 
of  the  Biblical  Maidens  who  filled  their  lamps 
with  oil  against  the  coming  of  the  darkness. 
The  basic  truth  of  these  two  old  proverbs  still 
remains  true,  and  forethought  and  advance 
prudence  are  quite  as  valuable  factors  in 
human  life  as  ever  they  were.  In  no  bettei 
way  is  it  exemplified  than  in  the  making  of 
advance  preparations  to  cope  with  that  dread 
enemy  of  man.  Fire.  Some  highly  ingenious 
(Conlinned  on  page  28) 


I   writing   AdvertlserB,   please    mentloi 


and    Building 


ARCHITECTURE   A\'D  BUILDING. 


LJAVE  you  considered  the  Fire  Protection  of  Your  Hotel? 

^  ■*     Do  vou  know  whv  these  great  hotels  have   put   in   Safety 
Fire  Bucket  Tanks?  ' 

The   St.    Regis,  Plaza,  Astor,  Gotham,  SevWk;  Marllrorough,  Victoria, 

Buckingliiim,   Mafseillf,   Woodward,   .Sherman   Square,   Times 

Square,   Na\'arre,   Grand   Union    in   New    York  have 

Safelj'  Fire  Bucket  Tanks  installed 

We  eon  Ult  you  ol  many  otliern  and  explain  to  yott  why  they  are  tued 

THE  SAFETY  FIRE  EXTINGUISHER  CO. 

281-303  SEVENTB  AVENUE.  NEW  YORK 
Umkt,.rm.rn,  SAFETY  FIRE  BUCKET  TANK 


Thomas  Morton, 


169  Elm  Street, 


New  York, 


^^rc.bl.         ^     ^IQII    p||A|||Q 
Ch.mp|.n  Metal      ^      OAOll     If  11  Al  HO. 


Champion  Metal 
Steel  Champion 


f^llJIIIIO  Far Sosprndiii  Heivy  Doirt.  Gates,  etc. 
tnAINd  *LLolS ~ 


omun. 


^rchlleclure    and    BulldlllK. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDLVG. 


JUST   PUBLISHED 

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A  VALUABLE  reference  book.  Lists  and 
describes  200  of  the  best  books  on  the 
manuaJ  arts;  includes  all  the  standard  and  the 
best  of  the  recent  books. 


"woDdworklnc 


THE  MANUAL  ARTS  PRESS 

PTTTiLraHlIO     AND     DKALERS     IN      BOOKH    n\ 

PEORIA  ILLINOIS 


JUST    PUBLISHED 

Practical 
Cement   Work 

By  W.  B.  HENRY 

PRICE,  50  CENTS 

A  book  that  will  be  of  assistance  to  you  every 
day  in  the  week,  no  marter  what  line  of  cement- 
concrete  construction  you  are  engaged  in. 
Neatly  Bound  in  doth 
112  Page8-4>ii6M 
CONTENTS: 
Portland  Cement,  The  Unit  of  Purchase,  Stor- 
ing Cement,  Sand,  Aggregates,  Mortar^  Form- 
ulas, Mixing  Aggregates,  Concrete,  Remforced 
Concrete,  Form  Building,  Waterproofing,  Col- 
oring. Cost  Data,  Testing  Cement,  Foundations 
and  Walls,  Cement  Mouses  and  How  ihey  arc 
Built,     Cement    Plaster    and    Stucco     Houses, 
Water   and   Steam   Curing,   Condition  of   Sea- 
soning Blocks,    Sand  Ijme   Brick,    Sidewalks, 
Floors  for  Cellars,  Basements  and  Slables. 
AJdreu 

THE  CONCRETE  AGE 

ATLANTA  CEORGIA 

When   writing  Advertisers,   i 


examples  of  man's  inventive  power,  as  directed 
towards  fire  prevention,  are  to  be  found  in  the 
varying  types  of  the.  sprinkler  system  family, 
but  as  sprinkler  systems  and  other  mechanical 
devices  are  not  aiways  available,  some  simpler 
method  of  preparing  for  an  unexpected  fire 
must  be  found,  and  the  best  method  is  the  old, 
but  very  frequently  effective,  fire  bucket.  While 
it  would  seem  that  but  little  improvement 
could  be  made  upon  so  simple  a  thing  as  a  fire 
bucket,  yet  an  astonishing  improvement  has 
been  made,  as  demonstrated  in  the  Safety 
Fire  Bucket  Tank,  which  consists  of  a  compact 
metal  cylinder,  having  a  lid  which  fits  tightly 
and  hermetically,  because  of  a  rubber  ring 
around  the  top  of  the  tank.  This  lank  is  filled 
wilh  a  non-freezing  solution  and  contains  six 
pails  on  the  nesting  principle.  Each  pail  is 
fitted  into  the  other,  but  protected  from  bind- 
ing or  catching  by  lugs  on  its  sides  and  it  is 
equipped  with  a  weight  device  which  causes 
the  handle  of  each  pail  to  rise  as  the  pail  above 
is  withdrawn  from  the  tank.  The  capacity  of 
one  of  these  tanks  is  2S  gallons,  or  enough  to 
fill  ten  pails. 

So  successful  and  satisfactory  has  this  device 
been  found  in  genera!  use,  that  it  has  been 
adopted  by  public  institutions  and  large  cor- 
porations all  over  the  country.  For  instance,  a 
recent  installation  of  these  tanks  and  buckets 
was  that  in  the  Public  Dock  and  Ferries,  60 
tanks;  in  the  Lincoln  Storage  warehouse,  48 
tanks;  the  new  pier  of  ihe  Jersey  Central  R.  R.. 
Jersey  City,  40  tanks;  and  at  the  new  pier,  80 
North  River,  35  tanks,  and  many  others. 

The  Safety  Fire  Bucket  Tank  is  manufac- 
tured by  the  Safety  Fire  Extinguisher  Com- 
pany, who  for  15  years  have  been  in  business 
at  29  West  42d  Street,  but  the  growth  and  de- 
velopment of  their  business  has  been  such. 
that  they  have  lately  been  compelled  to  move 
to  larger  quarters  at  291-293  Seventh  Avenue, 
where  they  have  an  entire  floor,  devoted  to 
offices  and  show  rooms.  The  Safety  Fire  Ex- 
tinguisher Company  will  be  pleased  to  freely 
send  literature,  descriptive  of  their  product, 
upon  application. 

(Contittued  an  Page  50) 


I  THE   GORTON   WROUGHT 
STEEL  BOILERS 

BESIDES  the  advutogea  of  lona 
life  and  the  higbm  Moaomr  in 
fuel  consumption,  the  boilen  hav 
a  Klf  fced^TiB  coal  reservoir,  wlik 

fireniBn  in  supplying  coal  (o  til. 
nre,  and  will  maintain  a  atcmdy  fin 
lind    a    constant    heat  for  twel"~ 

Setd  larealatoa  nnd  imatiomU 
tor  i/cuTttlf  tkmr  tupaioTily. 


Gorton  &  Lidferwood  Co. 

N  LOatj  Straal,  HEW  YOU 

Boston,  1B2  Hlih  Sb 
Chicado,  Ffiher  Bldf. 

cture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  ANl>    BUILDING. 


C[l0nklt«0-Armatrnn0  ®?rra  filotta  OI0. 

Manufacturers  of  Architectural  Terra-Cotta 
in  all  COLORS  and  Finishes  and  Polychrome 

Aain  (Sfficc.  9l|iliitol|il|)a.  f s.  ^m  farli  (MSn.  1 133  Srnalnrag 

The  Terra  Catta  far  Emerson  Hulet,  illustrated 
in  this  inue,  wat  munujaetured  by  at. 


Dixon's  Silica-Graphite  Paint 

Protects  the  structural  steel  work  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  BuildingSi  American 
Woolen  Company's  Building;  Gimbel  Depanment  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
&  Trust  Company's  Building,  Savannah,  Ga. ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Com- 
pany's Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  numerous  other  structures. 
fFrite  us  for  "  Notablt  'Building  Liit,"  and  eiher  paint  lilrrature 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jeraty  city,  w.  j. 

When   writing  Advertisers,  please  mention   Architecture   and  BulldlnE. 


JO 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING 


TSLSPHONK     886     MUBBAT     HILI. 


Edwards  Electrical  Construction  Go^ 

39  EAST  42d  STREET.  NEW  YORK 

70BMBBLT  OOBTBACT  DBPABTMENT.  SDWABD8  k    CO.  B8TABLISHBD  1873 


Industrial  Progress 

THE   NOELKE-RICHARDS  IRON  WORKS 

PURCHASES   THE    BROWN-KET- 

CHAM    PROPERTIES. 

The  Noelke-Richards  Iron  Works,  Indian- 
apolis, Indiana,  which  has  built  up  a  consider- 
able reputation  in  the  last  ten  years  through 
large  operations  in  the  West  and  Southwest 
in  the  manufacture  of  structural  steel  and  orna- 
mental iron  for  buildings,  has  concluded  the 
purchase  of  the  two  large  plants  of  the  Brown- 
Ketcham  Iron  Works,  which,  a  year  ago,  went 
into  the  hands  of  a  receiver.  This  purchase 
makes  the  Noelke-Richards  Iron  Works  one 
of  the  largest  manufacturers  both  of  structural 
steel  and  ornamental  iron  in  the  country.  It 
claims  to  be  the  largest  independent  manu- 
facturer of  structural  steel  for  building  pur- 
poses only,  with  a  capacity,  in  its  three  struc- 
tural plants,  of  from  sixty  to  seventy-five 
thousand  tons  a  year. 

Its  original  plant  is  located  in  Indianapolis, 
Ind.,  on  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad.  One  of 
the  former  Hrown-Ketcham  plants  is  located 
in  a  suburb  of  Indianapolis,  on  the  New  York 
Central  system,  and  the  second  Brown-Ket- 
cham  plant  is  in  the  Pittsburgh  district,  at 
Greensburg.  Pa.,  thirty  miles  east  of  Pitts- 
burgh. This  latter  plant  is  of  very  recent  con- 
struction, modern  in  every  respect,  and  will 
bring  the  Noelke-Richards  Iron  Works  into 
eastern  territory  for  a  portion  of  its  business. 

In  connection  with  their  Indianapolis  plant, 
the  Noelke-Richards  Iron  Works  operates  an 
ornamental  iron  department,  including  a  foun- 
dry, in  which  it  has  executed  some  of  the  best 
ornamental  iron  work  in  the  country.  Ex- 
amples of  its  work  in  this  department  are:  The 
Jefferson  Hotel,  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  Barnett, 
Haynes  &  Harnett,  architects,  which  is  illus- 
trated in  this  issue  of  "Architecture  &  Build- 


ing," and  the  Berkeley  Galleries  Building,  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  Codman  &  Despredelle,  architects. 


VITROLITE,  A  SANITARY  PRODUCT. 

One  of  the  most  marked  characteristics  of 
our  time,  is  the  active  attention  we  direct  as 
a  people  to  the  subjects  of  sanitation  and 
hygiene,  and  persons  of  an  inventive  turn  of 
mind  are  continually  engaged  in  an  effort  to 
produce  something  that  will  either  add  to,  or 
improve  upon  our  present  sanitary  devices.  An 
article  of  this  character  which  is  of  compara- 
tively recent  invention  is  a  glass  product, 
known  as  "Vitrolite,"  which  possesses  a  va- 
riety of  qualities  which  render  it  an  extremely 
desirable  material  for  an  almost  endless  num- 
ber of  sanitary  purposes.  "Vitrolite"  is  of  a 
creamy  white  color  which  will  not  change  or 
vary  and  possesses  such  desirable  qualities  of 
glass  as  that  of  being  non -porous,  non-crazing, 
impervious  to  the  attacks  of  acids  or  alkalis, 
non-deteriorating  with  age,  which  make  it  par- 
ticularly adaptable  to  structural  work  for 
wainscoting,  closet  partitions,  door  trim.  etc. 
For  this  reason  "Vitrolite"  has  been  found 
very  desirable  in  bath  rooms,  toilets,  kitchens, 
butlers'  pantries  and  rooms  of  like  character. 
It  has  also  been  used  with  great  success  as 
wainscoting  for  corridors,  tops  for  tables  and 
pantry  shelves  and  in  fact  in  almost  any  quar- 
ter where  a  non-porous  dirt  resistant  material 
was  required.  "Vitrolite"  will  clean  even  more 
readily  than  ordinary  window  glass  and  pre- 
sents an  attractive  appearance  and  reflects  a 
pleasing  glow  either  in  the  sunlight  or  under 
artificial  light,  such  as  electric  lights,  gas,  etc. 

Persons  interested  in  a  material  of  this  char- 
acter and  desirous  of  obtaining  a  list  of  the 
many  purposes  to  which  it  may  be  put  with 
admirable  effect,  are  invited  to  communicate 
with  Geo.  A.  O'Conner,  at  the  Fifth  Avenue 
Building,  Eastern  representative  of  The  Vitro- 
lite Company,  or  The  Vitrolite  Company,  Park- 
ersburg,  W.  Va.  Descriptive  literature  of  this 
product  will  be  freely  sent  on  request. 

(Continued  on  page  22) 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


MatarUl  and  work  the  sUndard  for  14  jears.    Our  roputatioB  the  best  poaittv* 

OTidenco  as  to  our  superiority. 


CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO., 


32M27  East  94t]i  St,  NEW  YORK 


When   wrltlngr  Advertisers,   please  mention   Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITF.CTl-RE  ASD  BUILDING. 


General  Specifications  for 
Concrete  Work 

As  Appltml  to  Building  Conalmctlon 

By  WILBUR  J.  WATSON,  C.  E. 

A  book  of  great  aasiatance  to  Architects 
and  Eneineera  in  prepariof;  epeciflcations 
for  reinforced  concrete  buildinge,  and  it 
will  be  found  eepecially  useful  in  the 
preparation  of  competitive  designs. 
Paper,  price.  50.50 


General  Specifications  for 
Concrete  Brid|{es 

By  WILBUR  J.  WATSON,  C.  E. 

These  specifications  will  meet  an  actual 
need  of  the  profession,  and  most  o\  the 
ideas  represented  were  gained  by  actual 
experience  of  the  author,  to  which  he  liaa 
addedsuggestionaof  other  engineers.  Those 

Ereparing  euch  specifications  will  find  the 
00 k  most  helpful. 

Paper,  prle*.  Sl.OO 


Badger  Quality 


Copper  Hot  Water 

BOILERS 

are  all   that   can  be   de- 
sired in  a  Range  Boiler. 

LONG  LIFE 
CLEAN  WATER 

Beanti^  Appearance 

E\'cry  boiler  is  tinned  on 

the  inside  and  guaranteed 

against  leakage  or  collapse. 

IFritt  far  Calalag 

L  B.  Badsfer  &  Sons  G>. 

BOSTON.  U.  S.  A. 


lllng  Advertisers,   pleaae  mention  Architect 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THE  SNOW  GUARD  ALLOWING 
NO    STRAIN     ON     THE     SLATE 

WHY  NOT  SEE  IT  ? 
A  postal  card  will  bring  sample 

Filsom  Sniw  Guard  Co. "'  *i,?^'2iU,.*^'' 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

Flag  Poles 


Fittings 

Etc. 

Send  for  Catalogue 


THOS.W.JONES 


T^tptume  Conntci/ion 


ARTHUR  GREENFIELD,he?n»?!«?^ 

REINFORCED  CONCRETE  FLOORS 
IRON  FURRING  uid  METAL  LATHING 


204  EAST  26tk  ST. 


PRENTISS 


^*'' 


' CLOCKS ' 


«*        UrL  II.  92  C 


'%. 


T.ANEX   GLASS. 

Those  who  contemplate  building  will  be  in- 
terested in  knowing  that  a  "New  Process" 
glass  has  been  produced,  known  as  Tanex 
Glass,  for  the  manufacture  of  vault  and  side- 
walk lenses. 

Glass  used  in  sidewalk  light  c 
subjected  to  abnormal  strains  < 
temperature  changes.  Previously  it  has  been 
almost  impossible  to  produce  a  glass  tough 
enough  to  withstand  these  changes  of  temper- 
ature and  the  accompanying  contraction  of  the 
cement  on  the  glass  in  cold  weather,  yet  Tanex 
glass  stands  this  test  without  going  to  pieces. 

While  being  tougher  and  stronger  than  the 
best  glass  formerly  made,  it  costs  no  more  and 
has  all   the   brilliancy  of  a  first-class  glass. 

Tanex  Glass  is  the  result  of  many  years  of 
honest,  painstaking  tests  and  experiments  at 
very  great  expense,  but  the  results  that  have 
been  obtained  have  more  than  offset  the  time, 
bother  and  expense  incurred. 

It  is  sold  at  the  same  price  as  the  old  brittle 
glass  that  lias  given  so  much  trouble  on  ac* 
count  of  chipping  and  crazing.  The  Berger 
Mfg.  Co..  Canton.  Ohio,  are  using  this  supe- 
rior glass  in  all  their  vauh  and  sidewalk  light 


Mr.  Eli  Blount,  who  has  been  practicing 
architecture  in  Tucson,  Arizona,  has  moved  to 
Albany,  Oregon.  He  is  anxious  to  receive 
manufacturers'  catalogues,  samples,  etc.,  at  his 

Forest  Service  Circular  No.  189,  "Stock  Values 
for  Structural  Timber,"  contains  tables  of  paint- 
ing tests  and  heat  tests  on  green  material  and 
air-seasoned  material. 

Last  month  a  meeting  was  held  at  the  Muni- 
cipal Art  Society  of  New  York,  at  which  the  sub- 
ject of  discussion  was  "Suggestions  for  the  Deco- 
rations in  the  Washington  Irving  High  School." 
It  was  pointed  out  that  the  Board  of  Education 
had  made  this  building  as  complete  and  perfect  a 
workshop  as  was  possible.  It  was  the  purpose 
of  this  meeting,  however,  to  suggest  and  if  pos- 
sible, to  provide  means  for  the  decoration  of  the 
school  building,  considering  it  as  an  appropriate 
setting  for  historic  decorations  and  c 
live  monuments. 

(Co'!l''!ucd  oil  fage  34) 


rchltecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Arciiii.ct>aiidBDUdM>.hoam|i»sti«.ie  EVANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BOLTS 

WITH  DOUBLZ:  CND  GR.IP  EXPANSION 

Contracted  on  NEW  lines.      Grip  at  BOTH  ENDS,  and  on  ALL 

Eides.     Cannot  work  loose. 
Send  lor  CitUIo(ss  and  lunplsi  icrgwed  Into  blookiof  wood  oi  itoq*. 

ISJiilfF.  H.  EVANS  (s^'ia."™)  31-33-35  Hewea  St.,  BrooklTn.N.T. 


Van  Dorn's  Steel  Joist  Hanger 

19  THE  BE.ST  OBTAINABLE 

Send  for  Calatotpie  and  relet  to  this  Maculae 

THE  VAN  DORN  IRON  WORKS  CO. 

CLCVELAND.  OHIO 

Steel  Buildings,  Wrought  Iron  Fencing,  Iron  Bridges,  Jail  and 
Prison  Work,  Metallic  Office  Fumitute,  etc. 


b5 


BOYD    EQUIPMENT    COMPANY 

CONTRACTING    ENCINBERS 

HEATINQ  PLUMBING  ELECTRIC 

COMPLETE  POWER  PLANTS  373  Foufth  Avenue,  NEW  YORK 


The  A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co. 

Main  Ofl&ce:  220  Broadway,  New  York 


^  Jt- 


FARRAND'S  SELF- CLINCHING  NAILS 

TheM  Nails  fasten  direct  to  HoHpw  TLlo  and  save  the  time,  e.p 
o(  preparing  Pirepioof  Walls  to  ce^eive  Nailing  Grounds.      They  do  ai 

full  frerinm  for^nging  plans  ot  correcling'errors  in  the  location  of  in 
Also  used  for  attachuig  Situres  to  all  types  of  linished  bollow  wj 

SELF'CLINCHING  NAIL   COMPANY,  44.N.  Fourth  St.,  PhUadelpbla,  Pa 

FREIGHT  ELEVATORS 


have  HindleyType  of  Wonn  Gearing  a 


ill  Thiust  Bearings,  which  i 


DUMB  WAITERS  CELLAR  HOISTS,  Etc, 

^"n^siES"'         J.  G.  SPEIDEL,  Reading,  Pa. 


Building  Construction  and  Superintendence 

Part  IL    Carpenters'  "Work         I  Part  III.    Trussed  Roofs 

Four  Dollars  a  Volume  |  Three  Dolbrs  a  Volume 

By  F.  E.  KIDDER.  C.  E.,  Ph.D..  Architect 

THE  WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO.,  Publisher.  23  WARREN  STREET.  NEW  YORK 


34 


ARCHITIiCTLRE  ASD  BUILDINC- 


BOMMER    SURFACE    FLOOR    SPRING 

HINGE. 
Boiiimer  Brotliers,  of  Brooklyn,  N.  V..  are 
placing  on  the  market  a  new  surface  floor  ball- 
bearing spring  liinge.  of  the  horizontal  com- 
pression type.  It  fastens  to  the  bottom  corner 
of  a  door  and  to  the  surface  of  floor.  It  is 
easy  to  apply,  saves  labor  and  admits  of  close 
fitting;  Ihere  is  no  hanging  strip  required,  and 
the  back  edge  of  door  may  be  rounded.  It  has 
a  simple  and  efficient  alignment  feature  liy 
which   the  door  can   be  adjusted  after   it   is   in 


s:^ 


I  the 


place.      It   has   a   positive   holdback 

door  is  opened  beyond  90  degrees,  s 

door   will    not    close    suddenly   wher 

quired  to  have  it  remain  open.    The 

the  spring  is  adjustable.     The   spring  is  made 

of  the  best  oil  tempered  steel  wire.     The  floor 

plate   is   reinforced. 

dition   usually   exist 

The  bearing  surfac. 

weight    of   the    doc 

tool   steel   balls,   pi: 


ion  of 


type  of  hinee. 
hardened.  The 
i  on  hardened 
:hc   upper   par 


the  pintle  away  from  dust  and  din  and  spaced 
by  a  ball  retainer  so  that  they  cannot  drop  out 
or  become  displaced.  Workmanship,  appear- 
ance and  finish  are  unsurpassed,  and  up  to  the 
well  known  standard  of  excellence  always 
maintained  by  Uommer  Brothers,  Simple, 
compact  and  durable,  this  hinge  ranks  among 
the   best   of   its   elas^. 


Mr.  F.  S.  Mendenhall. 
ployed  for  several  years  a 
tect  and  builder 
compelled  to  ret 
of  the  revolution  there.  He  is  now  visnmg 
relatives  at  Security,  Texas,  and  hopes  to  lo- 
cate with  some  firm  of  architects  in  Houston, 


CORK  FLOORING. 
Cork  flooring  means  perhaps  the  greatest  ad- 
vance attained  as  yet  in  the  art  of  floor  sur- 
facing, as  it  embodies  many  advantages  not  to 
be  found  in  any  other  method  of  flooring.     It 
has  not  the  coldness  of  marble,  it  has  not  the 
dust  and  dirt  collecting  qualities  of  wood,  and 
it   has   not   the  tendency   to   accumulate   stains 
and  retain  them  that  some  composition   Hoors 
have.    Cork  flooring  possesses   several  distinct 
and    peculiarly   characteristic     qualities:     it     is 
noiseless:  it  is  practically  everlasting  and  will 
not   crack   or   disintegrate; 
it  requires  no  expensive  fin- 
ish  or    refinishing;    it  pos- 
sesses desirable  elastic  qual- 
ities.   .\  floor  <i{  this  mate- 
rial is  pecTiliarly  adapted  lo 
certain  types  of  buildings — 
those    designed    for    public 
speaking,  or  where  for  any 
reason    absolute    silence    is 
desired.  Thus,  for  churches, 
libraries,       .banks,        court- 
rooms,   museums    or    hotel 
I   corridors  this  material  can- 
not he  surpassed.  Cork  floor- 
ing may  be  laid  with  a  san- 
itary   cove   and    base,   mak- 
ing it  desirable  for  hospitals 
and  ser\'ice  in   clubs,  hotels 
and  dwellings. 

When  to  these  qualities 
we  add  those  of  non-ab- 
sorption and  non-slipperi- 
ness,  together  with  the  fact  that  the  material 
may  be  obtained  in  a  wide  variety  of  shades,  run- 
ning from  a  delicate  light  brown  to  a  rich  old 
teak,  we  have  a  floor  material  which  is  a  well- 
nigh  ideal. 

Crescent  cork  flooring  may  be  obtained  in  a 
variety  of  stock  siies  and  any  intermediate 
size  can  be  made  lo  order  at  a  slight  addi- 
tional cost.  The  prices  range  from  65  cents  to 
8,=;  cents  per  square  foot:  the  lesser  price  being 
for  the  plain  patterns  in  large  squares,  and  the 
greater  price  for  the  more  elaborate  designs. 

Persons  interested  in  the  subject  of  cork 
flooring  may  obtain  descriptive  literature  upon 
application  to  the  Hasbrouck  FloorinR  Com- 
pany at  501-9  East  70th  St.,  N.  Y.  City,  This 
concern  is  the  selling  agent  for  Crescent  cork 
flooring  and  makes  a  specialty  of  covering  ce- 
ment or  slee)  with  cork  or  wood  flooring. 


ho  has  been   em- 

i  missionary  archi- 

China.  has  been 

country   because 


Wir 


Company 


The  Habirshaw 
their  removal  to  new  oflices  on  the  twenty- 
seventh  floor  of  the  Metropolitan  Tower.  New 
York  City.  They  have  occupied  their  new  lo- 
cation since  .'\pril  1st,  and  their  new  telephone 
numbers  are  1934  and  1935  Gramercy. 


ARCHITECTLRE  AXD  BUILDING. 


A  Primer  of 

Architectural 

Drawing 

For  Young  Students 


ByWni.S.B.Dana,B.S. 

(HoM.  Inst  of  TeehDok)K]ft 


Being:  a  progressive  series  of 
DRAWING  BOARD  PROB- 
LEMS, the  embodiment  of  the 
author's  teaching  in  the  Mechanics' 
Institute  of  New  York  City. 
Intensely  practical  in  that  theory  is 
obliterated  by  the  author's  system  of 
CONSTRUCTION  ON  PAPER. 
This  book  makes  a  strong  appeal, 
because  it  is  interesting  and  the 
shortest  course  to  a  practical 
knowledge  of  the  elements  of  archi- 
tectural structural  drawing  yet 
evolved. 

There  are  twenty-five  problems, 
each  illustrated  by  a  plate  and  with 
i6i  explanatory  detail  figures. 


lubjects: 


nd 


Floors  and  WaUa 

FramlDK  of  Floors.  Walls  and  Roots. 
Development   of   Roof   Forms. 
Section    nl   H    Frame    House. 
Brlckla; 
Brick 


r  and   Bon 


their    Casings. 


Doors:     windows    i 


154  pages,  cloth,  pocket  size.  Prioa  91.28 


rUBLISHER 


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n  St.,  N«w  York 


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ORAWINQ   BOARD    PASTE 

PASTE 

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the  Hl«gln»'  Inks 

cJiui  and  well  put  u] 


nd  Adhnlna.     Tliey 


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allow  lower  bid.  on  lobi  and 
civ*  fTe&tBT  pTont  on  the  work. 
UooblnuMiitDDtrlalifdulred. 

CaEaKvuf  "■*• 

V.  P.  <  Jslin  Bamet  Co. 

Sti  iDkT  SIreeL       lecklnJ,  lU. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


DAVIS  BROWN 
PLASTERING    CONTRACTOR 

Contractor  for  all  Caen  Stone 
Ornamental  and  Plain  Plastering 
for  the  Vanderbilt  Hotel,  New  Tork 

(Warren  &  Wetmore,  Architects) 

Illustrated  in  this  Issue 

PLAIN  AND  ORNAMENTAL  WORK 

EXTERIOR  STUCCO  AND  CAEN  STONE 

j(.^.,„306  EAST  40th  ST.,NEW  YORK 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


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Manufacturers  of 

WALL  PLASTER  and 
ORIENTAL  STUCCO 

Brick   Mortari  and  ; 


Office  and  Factory,  HARRISON,  N.  J. 


The  Literature  of 
Structures 


Framed  Strnclnrei  and  Oitden 

Vol.   I— Slrtascs— Part  1..    Oct.. 
1911.     540  pp..    (4.00    (179).     Dxs. 


Kinetic  TheoTy  of 
Entineeriiig  Stmcdtres 

By  David  A.    Mnlitnr.    36fij)p.. 


Wtlla,  Bins  and  Gnia  Eievatore 

By  Milo  S.  Ketchum.  il  cd.. 
Nov.,  1911.  55a  pp..  »4.0O  (17s). 
A  new  book.    It  is  asain  the  stand- 


Steel  Hill  Baildisi 


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Hy  ih..  Samt  Au 
UM    (IJs).      Com. 


FOR   >ALE    BY 


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Wken  writing  AdvertlserH.  pleu 


1  Architecture  e 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


"FLEXIFOLD 


i9 


ROLLING    PARTITIONS 


For 


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Descriptive    Circular     and     Estimates    Upon    Application 


THE    NORTHWESTERN 
TERRA-COTTA  COMPANY 

MANUFACTURERS       OF 

ARCHITECTURAL 
TERRA-COTTA 

GLAZED    AND    ENAMELED 
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HOTEL  EMERSON 

Jtseph  Eians  Sffrry.  Arehi:rcl 
tVilliam  II.  Parker,  Conlraclor 

All  of  the  architectural  woodwork  and 
building  trim  in  the  Hotel  Emerson 
was    manufactured    and    erected  by 

The  Robert  Mitchell  Furniture  Company 

Cincinnati,  Oliio 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


MARQUISE,  HOTEL  TAFT.  NEW  HAVEN.  CONN.    P.  M,  Andrews  ft  Co..  Architms 
Maoutacnired  b; 

The  Wells  Architectural  Iron  Company 


River  Avenue  and  ISlst  Street,  NEW  YORK 
Omameatal  Iron  at  Followlnit  BuUdlnfts 

Imy  MatlML  NorfaHi,  Va.: "     ■       ■  ----- 

.     Haniliurjrfi  AnMrfcan  >u 
chooli  sf  MlrtM  and  Madid 


UnlMi  MiM*  Sadns*  InrtttutiMit  A.  H.  Tay- 
.:.— .      QarllaM  Hatfamal  Banh ;    ru.  B.  Baker. 


^'tf.Sa^'iS^iJ*^^^^  :  Palmer  &  HombosKl,  Arclii.«ts     St.  Luba-i  (toujtal; 
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Tbary.  ArehitKl.    Oardan  CMy  Hatal  i  Ford,  Butler  &  OUver,  Architects. 


r" 


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I  MARBLE 


.J 


CONTRACTORS  FOR    INTERIOR  AND  DECORA- 
TIVE MARBLE  AND  CAEN  STONE 
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All  Kinds 
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AND 

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CO.,  Ltd. 

MONTREAL 
CANADA 


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ARCHnECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


STEEL  SMOKE  STACKS 


For  Office  Buildings,  Hotels.  Factories. 
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Erected  Anywhere. 

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Equipped 

throughout 

with  the 

Celebrated 

Habirshaw 

Rubber  Covered 

Wire 

TAIT  HOTEL.  NEW  HAVEN.  CONN.  VANOEHBILT  HOTEL.    NEW   YORK 

re  iiKU  MANUFACTURED  BY  "  """' 

HABIRSHAW  WIRE  COMPANY 

Offices,  New  York  City,  Metropolitan  Tower,  1  Madison  Ave. 
Worlu,  Yoakers,  N.  Y. 


THE  "LEAMINGTON,-  MINNEAPOUS,    MINN. 
Wnrid'i  Lu(al  Apulmeiil  Hotel 

Mlllwork  furnished  complete  by  Cream  City  Sash  &  Door  Co. 

'VVT'E  operate  one  of  the  largest  and  most  modem  architectural  woodwork  plants  in 

the  United  States.  We  are  especially  equipix;d  to  handle  large  contracts  calling 

for  mahogany  and  other  fine  woods.      We  are  ah,-ays  pleased  io  /iimisli  estimahs. 

CREAM   CITY    SASH    &   DOOR   CO. 

MILWAUKEE,  WISCONSIN 


ARCHITECTURE  A.XD  BUILDING. 


Washed  Air 


IrMi^dMl  J  McuB  >nr  cknrcd  ptfonuge  td  huaiiditiF 
I.Mciu^^'^Md'  1 8°  F.  below  outHde  H 


The    Most   Efficient    and 
Practical  on  the  Market. 


Venial  S(J!-clu«iiip.  naa-pnfoiUnl  bifle  pUto. 


Our  Autsnutlc  Fluihlnc  Control  ltanadd«l 
CiMniInc  Fntun-Piplni  and  NsnlH^BIown 
Out  PhI odically  Two  I*  Ton  Tlmoi  an   Hour. 


Conditioned  Air  |^, 


(or  Tdile  Milb  ud 


THOMAS  "ACME"  Air  Purifying,  Cooling  and  Humidifying  "Washed  Air"   SYSTEM  as 
shown  is   inatall«d  in  tho  Vanderbilt   Hotel,  New  Vork  City. 

BUcUunc.  CniisieB,  Ls  Salle  and  Plinlai'    Hiileli.  ChicuD ;  Scelbsck  Hotel.  Lsukvill:;  CUnwI  Holel.  Indiuupolk:  New 


j'    Heleli,Chi« 

RiU-CultoT,  Ha»l.  New  Y^rk.  t 
n  al  W»lt1ng  and  nfrl^atlon  h^  iixiTirii 


,;  Seelbeck  Hotel.  Loukvillel  CUnwI 
>imiu,  57.5pOC-F   M   beiniinUllKl. 

oci«iiuledby  T.  &  5.  ens  neat  ye«n  Agi],  and  finl  demordiUFd  tn  OloAt^dnum  HoleL,  Oiicago,  I91H 
Suporiorltr.   RdlaMIHy,  Eesnsmy  and    •atJifactlon-llliHtratoi    WHY 

■"  'tKISJ?  "■        THOMAS   &    SMITH,  Inc. 

AIM  manulacturon  "STEIILIHC"  PortaMo  Air  ruriflan 


NEW  VORK 


The  Modern 
Apartment 
Hotel  or  Club 


is  cleaned  by  the 
\'acuum  system.  Tiiis 
system  not  only 
eliminatcB  all  liie  dust 
and  din,  but  also 
disease  germs  which 
may  get  into  the 
building;. 

THE  SPENCER 
SYSTEM  of  vacuum 
cleaninE    U  the 


SLOAN  BUILDING.  5(h  AVENUE  AND  47<h  STltEET 

J   B.  Snooks  &  Sons,  ArehilecU 
The  arxampanuinB  ™t  thirun  in  Ttduad  farm  oar  wumwr  u  iniCallnJ  (n  tht 

TA^T  HOTEL,  XEW  HA  VEST 
Tbe  Spencer  TurUne  Vacuum  OeaDins  S^Btem  U  lultablc  for  any 

Pu)l  particulm,  together  with  descriptive  literature,  list  of  installations, 
will  be  sent  upon  request.    Eatimatej  futniihed. 

SPENCER  TURBINE  CLEANER  CO. 

KewYork  Office  and  Demonalrating  Room 

11S2  Broadway,  between  38th  and  29th  Streets 
Principal  Office    and    Factory,  HARTFORD,    CONN. 

Selling  Agenda  in  all  the  Principal  Cities 

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rrll  anb  JiutaUrb  bg  Xo. 


VITRO  LITE,   Used  in  TAFT  HOTE,L 


TAFT  HOTEL  BARBER  SHOP.  NEW  HAVEN,  CONN..  WAINSCOTED  WITH  V'lTROMTB 


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Chateau  Lauritr,  Oiiai 


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CHATEAU  LAURIER 

Ottawa,  Canada 

iltustraUd  in  Ihii  iiiue 
Ross  6r  MacFarlane,  Architecit 

White  Enamel  Refrigerator  Qo.  fif  New  York 

59  West  42d  Street,  New  York  City 

(Grand  Trunk  Railroad  Staiitn,  Oltaua,  Canada 
Ross  i?  MacFarlane,  Architects 
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Limited 

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Head  Office,  37   St.   Peter  St.,  Montreal 

Branch  Offices,  Toronto,  Winnipeg,  Vancouver 

REFRIGERATING  and  ICE-MAKING 

MACHINERY 

CORK   INSULATION 

ESTABLISHED    AND    MANUFACTURING 
IN    CANADA    FOR    SEVENTEEN    YEARS 


The  above  out  shows  the  CHATEAU  LAURIER  HOTEL,  Ottawa, 
in  which  are  two  Twenty-Five  Ton  Refrigerating  Machines,  and 
is  only  one  of  the  many  hotels  using  Linde"  Machines,  manu- 
factured and   installed   by  The  Linde   Canadian    Refrigeration  Co. 


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much  durable  (umiture  which  it  Dot  Brtulic. 

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(Zb 

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CHICAGO 

TORONTO,  CAN. 

ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


ilcl  Elentor  EncloaurM.  St.  Louti,  Ho.    Barnctt.  HarnM  &  Bunell,  Architects,  St.  Louli,  Mo 

selke-Richards  Iron  Works 

General  Office,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
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lamental  Cast  and  Wrought  Iron,  Brass  and  Bronze 

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OLIS,   IND. 

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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


FIREPROOPING    AND   FIRE  •  PROTECTION 

{Continued  from  page  28) 


FIRES  DUE  TO  CARELESSNESS. 

The  Texas  Insurance  Board  has  tabulated 
the  lires  occurring  in  dwellings  during  the  last 
fourteen  months.  It  claims  that  81.2  per  cent. 
were  easily  preventable.  The  tabulation  of  the 
causes  of  (ires  in  dwellings  is  as  follows: 

Causes.  Per  Cent. 

Flues  15.5 

Stoves  and  heating 10.0 

Kerosene  lamps  5.0 

Curtains  ignited  by  gas 3.1 

Defective  electric  wiring 3.4 

Coals  in  ashes  and  candles 3.4 

Parlor  matches   32 

Gasoline  and  volatiles 3.3 

Kerosene  stoves  1.7 

The  Insurance  Board  says  that  in  other  hres, 
65  per  cent,  were  also  easily  preventable.  It 
offers  to  furnish  any  Texas  town  the  draft  of 
an  ordinance  for  fire-prevention. 


In  this  connection,  the  new  match  bill,  which 
it  is  interesting  to  note,  has  the  support  of  the 
Diamond  Match  Company,  is  a  step  in  the 
right  direction.  The  bill  is  intended  to  be  sub- 
mitted to  state  legislatures  throughout  the 
country.  It  requires  the  manufacture,  storage 
and  use  of  only  safety  matches.  The  bill  pro- 
hibits the  use  of  the  parlor  match  or  the  single- 
dipped,  white  phosphorus  match  and  any 
double-dipped  match  that  contains  white  phos- 
phorus in  the  first  dipping.  It  permits  the  use 
of  inert  bulb-guarded  tip  matches  such  as  the 
"Marguerite";  inert  bulb,  ordinary  tip  matches, 
such  as  the  "Bird's-eye"  or  "searchlight";  strike 
on  the  box  matches,  such  as  "Red  Top";  safe 
guarded  head  single,  dipped  matches,  such  as 
"Lu-mels"  and  "Blue  Diamond." 


FIKEPROOFING  THE  OPENING 

In  constructing  "fireproof  buildings,"  the  open- 
ings are  ever  the  weakest  link  in  the  chain, 
whether  they  be  vertical  or  horizontal.  Vertical 
openings,  such  as  elevator  shafts,  stair  wells, 
pipe  shafts,  chutes,  or  others,  we  will  leave  for 
further  discussion  and  confine  ourselves  to  the 
subject  of  horizontal  openings^that  is,  door- 
ways from  space  to  space  within  the  building. 
Tliai  these  can  he  properly  closed  and  at  a  rea- 
sonable cost  is  a  matter  of  easy  proof.  There  is 
no  longer  any  excuse  for  not  adequately  fire- 
liroofing  every  horizontal  opening  in  a  building 
as  long  as  hollow  melal  doors,  windows  and 
trim  are  obtainable.  Dahlsirom  hollow  metal 
doors  passed  the  test  of  the  Underwriters'  Lab- 
oratories in  Chicago  successfully  and  received 
(Continued  on  page  52) 
mention    Architecture   and  Bulldlns. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING.  51 

Maginnis^ Practical  Books 

HOW  TO  FRAME  A  HOUSE 

or  HOUSE  AND  ROOF   FRAMING 

By  OWEN  B.  MAGINNIS 

9KKS  I.— Ballooo  Prumlmtf.  PART  II.— Koof  Framing 

PABT  III.— Bow  to  frame  the  timbers  of  ■  brick  house. 

One  Octavo  Vol.,  Cloth  80  Illuetrations  PRICE  $1.00 

ROOF  FRAMING  MADE  EASY 

A  practical  and  easily  comprehended  system  of  laying  out  and  framing  roofs,  adapted  to 
modern  bnilding  construction.  The  methods  are  made  clear  and  intelligible,  by  76  engravings 
with  extensive  explanatory  text. 

SECOND  EDITION,   REVISED  AND  ENLARGED 
One  Octavo  Vol.,  Cloth  PRICE  $1.00 

How  to  Measure  Up  Woodwork  for  Buildings 

Describing  the  simplest  and  most  accurate  methods  to  be  followed  when 
figuring  up  woodwork  for  either  brick  or  frame  houses. 


By  OWEN  B.  MAGINNIS,  Architect 
Fally  Illustrated,  Cloth  PRICE  $0.30 

PRACTICAL    CENTRING 

TREATING  OF 

The  Practice  o{  Centring  Arches  in  Building  Construction 

The  work  embraces  each  subject  in  detail  and  in  language  that   practical   men  can  under 
Btand,  and  is  especially  commended  to  students  attending  trade,  technical  and  architectural  schools. 


By  OWEN  B,  MAGINNIS 


Sixty-five  Illustrations  Bound  in  Cloth  PRICE  $1.50 

BRICKLAYING 

By  OWEN  B.  MAGINNIS 


The  entire  work  represents  the  best  up-to-date  practice,  and  is  illustrated  by  over  150  engravings. 
It  covers  the  important  operations  and  methods  necessary  in  altering  brick  buildings,  and  the 
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52 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


approval,  and  it  is  certain  that  they  fully  satisfy 
the  claims  made  for  them — that  is,  they  are  fire- 
proof, satisfactory  and  durable  for  service,  artis- 
tic in  appearance  and  sanitary  where  this  re- 
quirement is  a  necessity.  In  construction  the 
doors  are  built  of  sheet  steel,  the  connection 
between  the  different  members  being  made  in- 
visible, which  adds  to  the  strength  and  fireproof 
properties  of  the  door.  The  panels  have  an 
asbestos  and  felt  lining,  and  the  stiles  have  a 
compressed  cork  spacer.  There  is  a  reinforcing 
bar  for  the  lock  strip  and  hinge  bar.  There  are 
large  air  chambers  in  the  stiles. 

The  point  is  often  raised — these  metal  doors 
will  not  add  to  the  beauty  of  any  building.  This 
objection  occurs  particularly  where  an  architect 
is  designing  a  hotel  or  a  first  class  office  build- 
ing. But  if  we  may  judge  by  the  uses  to  which 
fireproof  doors  have  been  put,  this  objection  can 
be  easily  answered.  Fireproof  doors,  partitions 
and  panelling  have  been  put  into  fireproof  build- 
ings of  the  highest  grade.  Especial  work  has 
been  done  in  imitation  of  wood ;  the  finish  of  oak 
or  mahogany  or  Circassian  walnut  may  be  per- 
fectly imitated  and  the  process  of  cold  drawing 
the  steel  through  dies  gives  well  defined  angles 
and  well  rounded  curves  in  the  mouldings,  which 
are  as  perfect  as  those  that  may  be  produced 
by  a  skilled  cabinet  maker.  Moreover,  when  the 
graining  on  the  metal  is  finished,  the  surface  is 
baked  on,  forming  an  enamel  which  is  more  dur- 


able than  any  finish  on  wood.  Certainly  it  seems 
that  the  day  of  wooden  trim  is  rapidly  passing, 
and  as  metal  trim  comes  more  fully  into  use  we 
may  see  a  reduction  in  our  great  national  fire 
loss. 


SAFEGUARDING  ART  TREASURES. 

The  fire  hazard  in  the  Metropolitan  Museum 
of  Art,  New  York,  is  slight  because  of  the  fact 
that  the  building  itself  is  about  as  nearly  fire- 
proof as  it  could  well  be  made.  Not  only  this, 
but  much  of  the  contents  is  also  non-inflammable. 
In  order,  however,  to  complete  the  safeguarding 
of  such  of  the  treasures  as  would  be  liable  to 
destruction  or  serious  damage  in  case  of  fire,  it 
has  been  decided  to  install  automatic  sprinklers 
in  the  basement — the  place  where  fires  in  such 
structures  are  most  liable  to  start.  The  man- 
agement of  the  museum  is  apparently  unwilling 
to  take  the  chance  which  was  taken  by  the  State 
of  New  York  in  the  magnificent  capitol  building 
in  Albany — a  chance  which  cost  the  State  about 
six  million  dollars  in  money,  and  the  destruction 
of  records  which  can  never  be  replaced. 


The  American  Water  Color  Society  will  hold 
its  forty-fifth  annual  exhibition  at  the  galleries 
of  the  American  Fine  Arts  Society,  215  West 
57th  Street,  New  York,  from  April  25  to  May 
12,  1912. 


JUST  PUBLISHED 

The  Principles  of  Architectural  Design 

By  PERCY  L.  MARKS,  Architect 

Author  cf*The  Principles  cf  Plannino,"  etc. 

Containing  165  full-page  and  other  text  illustrations. 

This  work  is  very  fully  illustrated  and  will  be  found  a  great  aid  to  the  architect  or  stadent  of 
architectural  design. 

One  large  8vo  volume.     Cloth,  price  $4.  SO. 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY.  PnMs^Ur  n  w^^^  ^w^^  u^v^ 


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Before  these  large  orders  are  placed  qualities  are 
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Complete  Architectural  Catalogue 
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>\^HITECTURE 


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BUILDING 


A  Magazine 
Devoted  to  Contemporary 

Architectural  Construction 


May 

Vol.  44  -^  No   5 

1912 


Flreproofmg  and  Rre-Protection 


PuUUMd  Ivy 

NOV    1  6  1967 

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The  Chicago  "Triplex" 

Spring  Butt  has  features  of 
construction  and  design 
which  appeal 
to  the  archi- 
t  e  c  t  and 
builder. 
Their  use  in- 
sures satis- 
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Ctjtcago  Spring  ^uti'ComifiDJig) 


ELEVATORS  AND    STAIRS 
CRESCENT  CORK 

HASBRoucK^RooVma'co., 

Fiifuct  FlHriaf.  Wh<  Cicvali  ind  At 
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5«I-SM   FAST  7«(h   STREET,   NEW   ^ 


DE  FRANCISCI  BROTHERS  CO. 

INCORPORATED 

Kntrriiir  IHarhlf  anb  MoBmt  Work 


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St    VIEW  OF  INTERIOR  MARBLE.  MECHANICS 

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Architecture  and  Building 

Established  1882  ^  continuation  of  the  Continued  1911 

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CONTENTS  FOR  MAY 

THE  HOtiLiOW-TIIiE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE  VII 180 

Permanent  Tile  Forms  in  Factory  Construction. 
By  Frederick  Squires. 

AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENT  OF  LiOFT  BUILDINGS  II  195 

By  E.  P.  Boone. 

NEW  BUIIiDlNG  FOR  THE  MARYIiAND  CASUALTY  CO., 

BALTIMORE,  MD 200 

Otto  G,  Simonson,  Architect. 

ARCHITECTURAL  DESIGN 201 

Architectural  Department,  Harvard  University. 

SWISS  CHALET  DESIGN  VI 205 

By  Wm.  S.  B.  Dana,  B.  S. 

THE  MECHANICS*  BANK,  NEW  HAVEN,  CONN 212 

Leoni  W.  Robinson,  Architect. 

THE  PATERSON  SAVINGS  INSTITUTION,  PATERSON,  N.  J 216 

Bankers  Building  Bureau.  Interior  Designers. 

MARKLE  TRUST  COMPANY,   HAZELTON,  PA 218 

John  Irwin  Bright,  Architect. 

W.  &  J.  SLOANE  BUILDING 219 

John  B.  Snook  &  Sons,  Architects. 

NEWARK  FIRE  INSURANCE  COMPANY  BUILDING 220 

Ely  &  Ely,  Architects. 

BUILDING  AT  N.  E.  COR.  24th  ST.  AND  7th  AVE.,  NEW  YORK  .   222 

Frederick  Squires,  Architect. 

FIRE  COMPANIES  BUILDING,  80  MAIDEN  LANE,  NEW  YORK.   225 

D.  H.  Bumham  &  Co.,  Architects. 


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Copyright,  1912,  by  The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co. 
Entered   as   second-class   matter,   April  4,  1911,  at  the  Post  Office  at  New  York,  N.  Y., 

under  the  Act  of  March  3.  1879 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Ua«d  In  Vestibule  of  Fire  Insurance  Co.  building,  80  Maiden  Lane, 

New  York.    They  are  made  )i  Inches  thick  only  and  contain 

no  fabric  to  rot  or  break 


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UARCH  OFFICES: 
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258  Broadwiy,  NEW  TOU 
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ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


Theodore  Starrett  Company 

BUILDERS 
103  Park  Avenue  NEW  YORK 


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ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


John  Polachek  Bronze  &  Iron  Co. 

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«ck  St.  i  i77-»l  BMl»T»rf.  Ubi  UitMi  Clg.ll.T. 


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Page 

American    Enameled    Brick    & 
Tile    Co.,    The     25 

American     Hardware     Corpora- 
tion,   The    1 

Anderson  Lumber  Co.,  The....  11 

Architectural    Meui    Works 21 

Automatic      Sprinkler     Co.      of  ^  _ 
America 27 

Badger  &  Sons  Co..  E.  B 31 

Bagues   Preres   Co 2 

Bankers    Building    Bureau 29 

Barnes  Co.,  W.   F.   ft  John 33 

Barrett    Mfg.    Co.,    The 19 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The 25 

Bommer   Bros. 16 

Boyd    Equipment    Company....  33 
Broderick  ft  Bascom  Rope  Co.    6 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Co 35 

Browe  Company,  The 15 

Burwak    Elevator    Company....  33 

Carter,    Black   ft    Ayers 37 

Chicago    Spring    Butt    Co 2 

Collins.    Francis    W 20 

Colonial  Supply  Co 28 

Concrete   Age,    The 28 

Conkling-Armstrong  Terra  Cotta, 
Co 36 

Consolidated   Chandelier  Co 26 

Corbln.   P.   &   P 1 

Cork  A  Zicha  Marble  Co 30 

Cornell  Company,  W.  G.  Ill  Cover 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Com- 
pany  — 

Day   Company,    The    20 

De    Francisd    Bros 2 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,   Jos 29 

Doten-Dunton   Desk  Co 15 

Edwards  Electrical  Construction 
Co 30 

Essex    Rubber    Co 4 

Evans,   P.   H 33 


Page 

Federal  Terra  Cotta   Co 40 

Felton,  Sibley  &  Co II  Cover 

Fiske    ft    Co.,    Inc 4 

Folsom   Snow   Guard   Co 32 

Foster,    James    Cramp 14 

General    Fire   Extinguisher   Co.  23 

Globe    Ventilator    Co II    Cover 

Gorton  &  Lldgerwood  Co 28 

Grant   Pulley   ft   Hardware   Co.  38 

Greenfield,    Inc.,   Arthur 32 

Grimmer    ft    Son,    Charles 11 

Hasbrouck   |i*looring   Co.,    Inc. .     2 

Higglns  ft   Co.,   Chas.   M 85 

Hydro    Damp-Proofing    ft    En- 
gineering  Co.,   The 26 

Ingham,   Howard   M 20 

Jackson  Co.,  Wm.  H 14 

Jones,    Thomas    W 82 

Knoburn  Co.,  The 23 

Lane   Bros.   Co 20 

Loomis  Manning  Filter   Distri- 
buting   Co IV    Cover 

Manual  Arts  Press,  The 28 

Marble  Chair  Co.,  The  B.  L 15 

Metropolitan    Electric   Mfg.    Co. 
Ill   Cover 

Monument    Plaster    Co 37 

Morton,    Thomas    27 

Nelson  Co..  W.   P 14 

Newman    Clock   Co 22 

NorthweBtern    Terra-Cotta    Co., 
The    38 


Page 

O'Connor,   George   A 40 

Otis    Elevator    Company 17 

Polachek    Bronze    ft    Iron    Co., 
John     6 

Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,   S.   H 27 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  82 


5ee  Electric  Elevator  Co.,  The 
A.  B 38 

Sell-Clinching    Nail    Co 88 

Silver  Lake  Co II  Cover 

Simmons  Co.,  John 26 

Speidel,    J.    G 33 

Standard   Plunger   Elevator  Co. 

IV  Cover 

Stanley  Works.  The   29 

Star   Expansion    Bolt   Co 16 

Starrett    Company.    Theodore. .    5 

Stevens    ft    Wafer 34 

Stickley,    Gustov    31 

Tettenborn    Refrigerators 82 

Thomas    Clock    Co..    Seth 6 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com- 
pany        — 

United   States   Mineral  Wool  Co.  27 

United    States    Press    Clipping 
Bureau '  34 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co.,  The.  38 

Vitrollte    Co.,    The 40 

Voigtmann   ft   Co 27 

Voska,    Foelsch   ft    Sldlo,    Inc. .  11 

Washburne  ft  Co.,  E.  G 85 

Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,  James  G. ...  16 


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UtCHITBCTDBAL   BRONZB. 

Bagues  Freree  Co 70S  Pitlh  Ave..  New  York 

Polacbek    BroDie    «     Iron    Co..     John. 

180-494  Hancock  SI.   sad  677-591   BonlOTard, 
Ijoat   Island   Cltr. 


■5  W.  a»th  81..  New  York  Cltr 


33  E.  ZJtd  St..  New  York  Cltr. 


few  York 

BOLTS— BipaiiilaD.      Uaehlue      Bxpamilon,       Sabco 
HoorloK.  Sebeo  Twin,  TohU. 
Btui.  F.  H...8I-8S  Hewei  St..  BrmUtii.  N.  Y. 
8Ur  aipBDiLoD  Sort  Co..  147 -14e  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 


York 
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4S0-4M  Haaeock   St.   and  ST7-991   Bou 


BQILDINO  CONTRACTORS. 

Fuller   Co..    Geo.    A..    Ifarquatie   Bldg.,   Chicago. 
SUrrett  Companj,  Theodore.  103  Park  Ane.,  N.  Y. 


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CLOCKS— Synch  ran  lied.    Watchman  ■». 

Newman  Clock  Co..  The. ..178  Faltoq  8t,  N.  Y. 
PteDtl»  Clock  tniproTeaia~~  "' 
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DRAWING  INKS-minliu). 
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Otia  Blvralor  Co 11  Batttfr  Plaoa.  N.  Y. 

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HLBVATORS. 

A.   B.   See  Electric  Elerator   Co.,  The. 

220   Brnadwar.    New    York 
Burwak  Elevator  Companr,  216  Fultoa  St.,  N.  Y. 

Otli  BlVTBtor  Co 11  Batten  n^Brn.  N.  \. 

Speldel,    J.    Q 

.     Standard    Ptunser    Eleval 

lis  Broadway.  New  York 

ENaiNEBBB.  BLBCTRICAI4.  CONSULTINQ.  BTC. 
Collins,  Francla  W.  ..60  Church  St.,  New  York 
InghBiD,  Howard  U 160  Sth  Ave..  New  York 


Bolt  Co MT  C 

EXT  HR I  OR  PLASTER. 


•■T  Campanr Harrison.  N.  J. 

..CleTdand.  0. 


Sllckley,  Ouslav 41  W.  34th  SI..  New  York 

PI  REPROOF  DOORS  AND  SHDTTBRS. 

Dahletrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamcetown.  N.   Y. 
Orant  Pniler  *  Hardware  Co., 

S  Weat  3»th  St..  New  York 
Pomeroy  Co..   Inc.,  S.  H.. 

427  W.    13th   SC.   New  York  Citgr 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


M  SWISS  CHALET  BOOK 


TN  the  series  of  articles  which  have  appeared  in  ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING, 
Mr,  W.  S.  B,  Dana  has  given  an  epitome  of  his  researches  on  Chalet  Architecture.  In 
this  book,  which  will  be  issued  shortly,  the  subject  is  much  elaborated,  and  both  the 
volume  of  text  and  nunober  of  illustrations  arc  doubled.  There  arc  ten  valuable  chapters 
in  thi;  new  book,  one  of  which  treats  of  the  chalet  as  adapted  to  American  uses.  This 
chapter  is  well  illustrated. 

Cloth,  7K  X  10.     Price,  $2.50 
The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co.,  23  Warren  St.,  New  York 


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FIREPROOF  WINDOWS. 

DBhlKtrom  Kaulllc  Door  Co.  .Jamwlowa,  M.   T. 

Day  Company,  Th,^.^^^^  ^^^  ^^^  ^^^^^_  ^^^^ 

P.msr^T  Co.  {InT).TH..t»T  *.  ISlh  BL    N.  1. 

Voletmann   4  Co..   «IT   W.    IBlh  BL,   N«-  Tork. 

FIXTURKa.   OAS  AND  BSLBCTRIC. 

132-136' W.  14th  St.,  N.  Y. 

T,..„     3,..,0.^^  ^^^    ^^^^_^^                 ^^    ^^^ 

JAIL  AND  PRISON  WORK. 

Van   DorD    IrcD   Worka   Co ClataUad,   0. 

JOtST  HANOBRS-tateal). 

Vm  Dun  Iran  Wofki  Co dOToUnd.  0. 

For  thirty  years  the  firm  of  Charles  Grimmer  ^  Son  has  been  linown  to  yoa 
as  Painters.  Recently  we  have  acquired  the  business  of  the  W.  Lndwij 
Schultze  Co..  the  well  Imown  Decorators.  In  our  three  new  buildings  we  now 
have  facilities  for  doing  the  same  tiigh  class  Cabinet  Wood-Work  and  Up-^ 
holstery  as  we  have  for  Painting. 

A  line  of  inquiry  brings  a  representative,  or  we  should  be  glad  to  welcome 
yon  at  our  extensive  factories  and  our  beautiful,  new  showrooms,  where  we 
carry  the  largest  and  most  select  stock  in  New  York,  of  Wall  Papers,  Mantels, 
Andirons,  Electric  Fixtures,  Fabrics,  Furniture,  Mirrors,  Antiques.  Clocks, 
Candlesticks,  Lamps  and  Pillows. 

T<i<«h*t>«i.  7SS7-75St  HiliuD  S..»e.  230-234  E«il  37th  Street.  NEW  TOKK 


The  Anderson  Lumber  Co. 


ESTABLISHED  II 


INCORFORATED  11 


DEALERS  IN 


Interior  Trim  and  Cabinet  Work 


Scroll  Sawing  and  Turning 


Sttb-Centracter  far  ail  InUrhr 
Trim,  Cabinii  IVorh  and 
ManUtpiicis  for  the  Newark 
Fire  Insurance  Ce.'t  "Building 
{Ely  W  Eh,  Architects), 
Netuari,  N.  J. 


Mill,  Yard    and    Docks 
Foot   of  Gregory    Ave. 

Passaic,  N.  J. 


YOSKA.  FOELSGH  &  SiDLO 
MARBLE   WORK 

OF  EVERY  DESCRirriON 


HbIb  Oiflca  I 

HILLS  STREET 


ASTORU,  N.  Y. 

Wc  do  Conttactinp 
Marble  Work  in  all 
pans  of  United  States 


Classified  Advertisements — Continued 


PAINTS,  OILS,  VARNISHES,  WOOD  FILXJNO.  cto. 

Dixon  CraelUe  Co..  Job Jersey  Oltj,  N.  J. 

Felton,  Slblej  ft  Co., 

186  N.  4th  St.,  PMladelplila,  Pa. 

PLASTER  WORK— Plain.  Ornamental. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

PLUMBERS. 

Boyd   Equipment   Co... 873   Fourth   Ave.,   N.    T. 
Cornell,  W.   G Everett  Building,   New  York. 

PRONO  LOCK.  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co..  The Canton.  O. 

PUBLISHERS. 

Oomstoek  Co.,  The  W.  T..28  Warren  St..  N.  Y. 

Concrete    Age,    The Atlanta.    Georgia 

Manual  Arts  press.  The, 

000  German  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria,  111. 

PULLETS. 

Grant  Pnlley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

S  W.   29th  St.,   N.   Y. 

REFRIQERATORS.    PORCELAIN.    ETC. 

Tettenbom    Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati,    O. 

White  Enamel  Refrigerator  Co.  of  New  York, 

59  W.   42d  St..   New  York 

RINGS— Bridle,  Comer  Brace  (Bridle),  Sebco  Aerial. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co..  147-149  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 

ROLLING  DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS— Steel. 
Grant    Pulley    and    Hardware    Co.. 

3   W.   29th   St.   New   York   City. 
Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,   James  G.. 

3  W.  29th  St..  New  York 

ROOFING  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Barrett  Mfg.  Co New  Ywk.  N.  Y. 

RUBBER   SPECIALTIES. 
Essex    Rubber   Co., 

Trenton,    N.   J.   &   New  York,   N.    Y. 

SANITARY   SPECIALTIES. 

Vitrolite   Co.,    The Parkersburg,    W.    Va. 

SASH  CHAINS. 

Morton.  Thomas 109  Elm  St,  N.  Y. 

lASH  CORDS. 

BilTer  Lake  Co Boston,   Mass. 

•ASH  PULLEYS— Iron,  Brass,  Bronse. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

8  W.  29th  St,  N.  Y. 

SELF-CLINCHING  NAILS. 

Self-Clinching  Nail  Co Philadelphia.  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIFTS. 

Speldel,  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton,  O. 

SIGNS.    CHANGEABLE.    ETC. 
U.   S.   Changeable  Sign   Co.. 

3   W.   29th   St.   New   York 

SKYLIGHTS. 

Architectural    Metal    Works, 

1192-1194  2d    Ave..    New    York. 
Day    Company,    The, 

107    Water    St.,    New    Haven,    Conn. 

SNOW  GUARD 

Folsom   Snow  Guard   Co.. 

Roslindale  (Boston),   Mass. 

SPRING  HINGES. 

Bommer  Bros 257  Classen  Ato.,  Bklyn,  N.  Y. 

Chicago   Spring  Butt  (3o., 

Chicago,  ni.;  Now  York. 


SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

Automatic   Sprinkler   Co.    of   America. 

123  William   St,   New   York  City. 
General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 

Providence,   R.   I. 
Rockwood  Sprinkler  Co...  128  William  8t,  N.  Y. 

STEEL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  O. 

STEEL  JOIST  HANGERS. 

Lano  Bros.  Qo Pooghkeopslo.  N.  T. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Clereland,  O. 

STEEL    SHUTTERS,    ROLLING.    ETC. 
Wilson  Mfg.  Co..   James  G.. 

5  W.  29th  St.,  New  York 

STUCCO. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

SWITCHBOARDS.    PANELS.    ETC. 
Metropolitan    Electric    Mfg.    Co.. 

14th    St    &    East   Ave..    Long    Island    City 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (Automatic). 

Lane  Broe.   (So Poughkoepslo,   N.   Y. 

TERRA  COTTA. 

Conkling- Armstrong   Terra   Cotta   Co., 

1135  Broadway.  New  York 
Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co.,  Ill  Broadway,  N.  Y. 
Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co., 

1000  Olyboom  Ave.,  Chicago. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton,  O- 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Qo. 

202  Monitor  St.   Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

VENETIAN    BLINDS. 

Wilson    Mfg.    Co.,    Jas.    G.. 

3V^  W.   29th   St.    New  York. 

VENTILATING   RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.   Y. 

VK.NTILATORS. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.  Y. 

Washburne  ft  Co..  E.  G...200  Fulton  St,  N.  Y. 

WALL  FINISHES— FLAT.   ETC. 
Keystone  Varnish  Co., 

71  Otsego  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

WATER   FILTERS. 

Loomis-Mannlng  Filter  Co., 

828  Land  Title  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

WEATHER   VANES. 

Jones,  Thos.  W 158  Maiden  Lane,  N.  Y. 

Washburne  ft  Co.,   E.   G., 

209  Fulton   St,   N.   Y. 

WIRE  ROPE. 

Broderick  ft  Bascom  Rope  Co., 

809  North  Main  St,  St  Louis.  Mo. 

WOOD-WORKING  MACHINERY. 
Barnes  Co.,  W.  F.  ft  John, 

500  Ruby  St.  Rockford.   111. 


i2^5EEM 


E't^teSS 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


ELEVATOR  SHAFT 
CONSTRUCTION 

By  H.  ROBERT  CULLMER 

Assisted  by  ALBERT  BAUER 


Practical  Suggestions  for  the  Installa- 
tion of  Elevators  in  Buildings 


A  treatise  for  the  architect  and  buUdor 
covering  the  surveying  and  preparing  of 
detail  drawings  for  elevator  shafts;  ma- 
chine rooms;  elevator  biUkhcads;  tables 
and  formulae  for  calcuiating  the  size  and 
capacity  of  elevators;  freight  elevators; 
sidewalk  elevators;  dumb-waiters;  specifi- 
cation writing  for  elevator  installation ;  ele- 
vator shaft  doors  and  appliances;  building 
regulations  covering  elevator  installation. 


Elevator  shaft  construction  in  buildings 
CroaSecuMoiEievator  Shaft  «nd  B«ikh™d.  has  nevcr  before  been  technically  treated. 
This  book  supplies  the  demand  for  information  on  this  subject,  and  it  has  been 
the  effort  of  the  author  to  supply  the  necessary  data  for  the  use  of  the  architect 
in  placing  an  elevator  equipment  in  any  building.  New  York  practice  is  fol- 
lowed, and  the  Building  Department  laws  and  regulations  of  New  York  are 
made  the  standard.  The  author  has  also  made  a  careful  study  of  the  regiJa- 
tions  in  use  elsewhere,  giving  the  deviations  from  New  York  requirements. 
Specification  writing  for  elevator  equipment  has  been  covered  by  two  forms; 
one  a  simple  specification  for  a  single  elevator,  the  other  a  more  elaborate  equip- 
ment embracing  several  styles  of  ears  suitable  for  an  ofSce  building. 

The  book  contf  ins  most  practical  information  and  it  is  the  hope  of  the  author 
that  he  has  omitted  no  important  point.  Every  phase  of  the  shaft  problem  in 
building  construction  has  been  covered,  and  the  method  of  presentation  is  such 
that  ready  reference  is  possible  to  any  detail  of  the  subject. 

The  bonk  h  in  companion  size  with  the  Building 
Construction  and  Superintendence  Series,  by 
■Ir.  F.  E.  Kidder. 

do ih  bound,  170  pages,  Fronlispiece,  47  dia- 
gtammatic  plates,  1  i  illustiative  plates 

Price  $3.00 


The  Wm.  T,  Comstock  Co. 


23  Warren  Street, 


When  writlnK  Adve 


,   please  mention  J 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


When  writing  AdvertlBOrs,  please  mention  Architecture  snd  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


P' 

I 


THE  BROWE  COMPANY 

St..  Newark,  N.  J. 


Gas  and  Electric  Fixtures 


When  writing  AdvertlaerB,  pleate 


Highest  Grade  Office  Chairs 

Specified  by  the  United  States 
Government  and  other  equally- 
particular  purchasers. 

The   chair   illustrated  above  ii  the  design 
selected  by  the  Paterson  Savings  Institution. 

ne"£'L.'HiiruVcbIir&T'»lK" 

lion   Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


Wilson's  Venetian  Blinds 


SEBCO 

QUICK  ACTING 

EXPANSION   BOLTS 

We  have  perfected  the  Sebco  Enpansion  Bolt 
so  that  it  now  meets  every  requirement  in 
building  construction— the  Plumber,  the  Elec- 
trician and  the  Mechanic  all  have  their  par- 
ticular uses  for  which  there  is  a  Sebco 
Expansion  Bolt  especially  adapted. 


Send  for  free  sample  and  our  Catalogue  No.    < 
41,  showing  many  ways  of  properly  fastening 
fixtures  to  floors,  walls,  etc.,  of  tile,  cenjent, 

QT  A  P     EXPANSION 

kj  1  rVrV   BOLT    COMPANY 
147-149  CEDAR  ST.,  NEW  YORK 


IISPHIHGHTNGISII 


ARE   QUALITY    GOODS 

But  cost  no  more  than  inferior  lundi 


DON'T  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  when  specify 
ing  ipring  hinges,  which  of  all  hardware  perfonn 
the  hardest  work.  Bommer  Spricg  Hinges  never 
fail  to  give  satisfaction,  and  have  withslood  the 
test  of  time.  Tlie  springs  never  go  lame. 
"Practically  Unbreakable,"  says  the  World's 
Fair  Award,  Chicago,  1S93. 

All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Them 


jf  Magazint  Dtveltd  Ib  Conlcmperarj  ArckittcturMl  CtnUructUn 


Volume  XLIV. 


MAY,    1912 


Number  5 


w 


THE  HOLLOW-TILE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE 

Article  VII. — Permanent  Tile  Forms  in  Factory  Construction 
By  FREDERICK  SQUIRES 

HEN  the  building  here  illustrated     supports,  from  an  engineering  standpoint, 
was  contemplated,    it    seemed  a     should  always  be  heavier  than  the  curtain 

s,  in  order 
urfaces,  the 
uniform    in 

permanent 
in  order  to 
L  wall  with 
^tive  loads, 

inside  and 
lis  may  be 
ig  the  piers 
alls  hollow, 
take  up  the 
!s  necessary 
thicker  than 
Both  types 
itall-Tatum 
ions. 

a  complete 
t  hollow-tile 
'  construc- 
iw  in   what 

this  Whit- 
tum  factory 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


PERMANENT  TILE  FORMS  IN  FACTORY  CONSTRUCTION. 


Sn  CONCENTRATED  ROOF 


makes  use  of  the  possibilities  of  such 
methods.  Illustration  A  shows  a  typical 
bay  of  a  factory  building  with  no  interior 
columns.  It  is  obvious  that  the  plane  of 
the  floor  may  be  carried  in  any  of  three 
ways:  by  girders  resting  on  columns  in 
opposite  exterior  walls;  by  girders  rest- 
ing on  columns  in  the  same  exterior  wall ; 
or  by  girders  connecting  all  four  columns. 


PIERS 
SILL 


-  fL§q?-  - 


LINTEL 


the  floor  load  being  carried  on  all  four. 
It  is  also  obvious  that  the  floor  load  may 
be  carried  to  the  supports  at  the  line 
where  the  floor  intersects  the  outside  wall 
or  it  may  be  transferred  to  the  lintel  of 
the  window  below,  provided  the  lintel 
is  made  to  extend  from  column  to  col- 
umn. In  either  case  the  carrying  girder 
may  be  made  in  permanent  forms. 

The  floor  itself,  both  one  way  and  two 
ways,  may  be  made  in  permanent  tile 
forms,  as  follows :  We  will  illustrate  with 
the  two-way  as  shown  in  B.  Tile  blocks 
beveled  on  all  sides  are  set  on  temporary 
wood  forms,  side  by  side,  and  touching 
along  their  lower  edges,  thus  forming  V 
channels  all  around  each  block.  Since 
the  reinforcing  rods  must  cross  each 
other,  the  sides  of  the  block  for  the  lower 
rods  are  curved  a  little  to  give  more 
room.  The  opposite  sides,  along  which 
run  the  higher  rods,  are  merely  cut  off 
on  a  straight  bevel,  a  machine  face.  The 
concrete  will  not  run  into  the  open  ends 
at  more   than  45°,   or   in   the  block  as 


WAU^    LAID  TJP    OP   BLOCKS. 


THE  END  WALL  IN   CONST IIUCTI ON. 


PERMAS'ES'T  TILE  FORMS  IN  FACTORY  CONSTRUCTION. 


n 


k 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


shown,  about  an  inch  and  a  half.  It  is 
curious  to  note  that  since  concrete  is  in 
compression  at  the  top  of  the  beam,  and 
has  little  or  no  value  in  tension,  in  which 
condition  it  finds  itself  in  the  lower  half, 
a  beam  sectioned  like  the  above  takes  ab- 
solute advantage  of  this  condition  as  the 
volume  of  the  concrete  is  made  to  dimin- 
ish exactly  in  the  proportion  in  which  its 
usefulness  disappears.  So  much  for  the 
permanent  form  floor. 

The  lintel  and  wall  girder  for  carrying 
the  floor  slabs  are  similarly  constructed. 
They  are  merely  U-shaped  troughs  either 
poured  full 
and  set  in  pi 
the  lintel,  or 
in  place  as 
girder.    See 

The   sill. 


-SILL  IN  PERMANENT  TILB  FORM. 
THE  DOTTED  LINE  SHOWS  WHERE 
THE  TILE  IS  DIVIDED  TO  MAKE  TWO 
S1LI>S. 


forms,  must  be  cast  on  the  ground  and 
set  in  place,  the  concrete  being  poured 
into  unit  tiles  sectioned,  as  shown  in  the 
ligure  D.  This  tile  will  be  delivered  to  the 
job  with  a  cut  at  the  dotted  line  almost 
through  the  tile,  so  that  it  may  be  broken 
into  two  similar  pieces  at  that  point  The 
channels  for  lintels  will  be  manufactured 
with  a  rectangular  section  to  be  broken  in 
half  in  the  same  way. 

The  following  article  will  take  up  pier 
construction  and  other  methods  of  using 
hollow  tile  permanent  forms, 
{To  be  continued.) 


THE  SUN  DRYING  ROOM, 


AUTOMATIC    SPRINKLER    EQUIPMENT    OF 

LOFT   BUILDINGS 

ARTICLE  II. 

By  E.    P.   BOONE. 


AMONG  the  first  things  to  be  consid- 
ered by  an  architect  in  planning  for  a 
sprinkler  equipment  is  the  type  of  con- 
struction— whether  the  building  is  of  or- 
dinary, slow-burning  or  fireproof  con- 
struction. This  must  be  definitely  settled 
in  order  that  the  spacing  of  sprinkler 
heads,  the  number  of  heads  necessary  to 
protect  the  building  and  contents,  and  the 
capacity  of  the  water  supplies  necessary 
may  be  determined. 

Having  decided  upon  the  above,  next 
comes  the  questions  of  riser  location  and 
general  layout  of  system,  location  of  feed 
and  cross  mains,  as  well  as  branch  lines. 
It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  provision 
must  be  made  for  the  risers,  which  should 
be  located  so  as  to  give  either  a  centre 
central  or  side  central  feed  to  the  system. 
Care  should  be  taken  not  to  locate  the 
risers  where  subject  to  m.echanical  injury, 
and  never  in  close  proximity  to  a  window 
facing  a  street.  If  located  in  pipe  shafts, 
care  should  be  taken  to  see  that  there  is 
sufficient  room  to  effect  repairs  and  do 
painting.  As  the  size  of  the  riser  is  gen- 
erally 4,  5  or  6  inches,  the  importance  of 
allowing  sufficient  room  for  their  proper 
installation  should  not  be  lost  sight  of. 
In  many  cases,  notably  in  modem  fire- 
proof buildings,  the  risers  can  be  located 
either  in  pipe  shafts  or  in  recesses  spe- 
cially constructed  in  the  side  walls,  where 
they  are  out  of  the  way,  yet  at  a  proper 
location.  Risers,  other  than  those  sup- 
plying sprinklers  in  the  stair  shafts,  which 
are  arranged  to  be  shut  off  in  Winter, 
should  never  be  located  therein.  These 
stair  shafts,  like  vent  shafts,  are  rarely 
heated,  consequently  there  is  always  the 
danger  of   freezing  in  excessively  cold 


weather.  As  far  as  is  practical,  the  riser 
should  be  free  from  turns  and  bends  and 
only  long-turn  flanged  fittings  may  be 
specified.  This  question  of  riser  location 
and  protection  is  of  vital  importance  if 
the  best  results  from  sprinklers  are  to  be 
expected. 

Feed  mains  to  the  risers  should  be 
planned  for  with  the  same  degree  of  care 
used  in  laying  out  a  high-pressure  steam 
plant.  The  feed  mains  are  the  main  arter- 
ies, consequently  they  should  be  allowed 
sufficient  space  in  order  that  they  may  be 
installed  without  unnecessary  bends  and 
45  degree  fittings.  Care  should  be  taken 
to  keep  them  out  of  boiler  rooms  and 
power  plants,  and  to  avoid  locations  where 
there  is  danger  of  freezing.  Too  often 
is  the  entire  building  planned,  all  com- 
plete, but  the  sprinkler  equipment — one 
of  the  chief  assets — is  left  to  be  installed 
as  best  it  can  be,  at  the  mercy  of  every- 
one, yet  the  utmost  service  is  expected  of 
it.  Pipe  trenches  in  the  basement  floor, 
having  a  suitable  covering  for  protection, 
as  well  as  affording  accessibility  in  case 
of  repairs,  are  suggested  as  one  way  of 
overcoming  some  of  the  objections  often 
raised,  particularly  that  concerning  loss 
of  head  room.  It  should  be  remembered 
that  the  feed  mains  are  often  8  inches  in 
size,  and  that  the  extra  heavy  fittings  are 
often  used,  consequently  sufficient  room 
is  needed  and  must  be  arranged  for  in 
order  to  run  the  pipes  in  the  proper 
manner. 

The  weight  of  the  pipe  system,  particu- 
larly in  buildings  of  great  height,  is  of 
importance.  It  should  be  borne  in  mind 
that  a  6-inch  pipe  filled  with  water  weighs 
approximately  20j^  pounds  per  foot  and 


196 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING, 


an  8-inch  pipe  filled  with  water  approxi- 
mately 31  pounds  per  foot.  These  figures 
should  not  be  overlooked  in  planning,  as 
the  question  of  proper  support  and  foot- 
ings is  a  vital  one. 

Having  established  the  layout  for  the 
building  under  consideration,  as  to  risers 
and  feed  mains,  the  location  of  cross 
mains  and  branch  lines  must  be  deter- 
mined, as  well  as  the  spacing  and  location 
of  sprinkler  heads. 

Before  locating  and  spacing  the 
sprinkler  heads  with  a  view  of  determin- 
ing the  capacity  of  water  supplies,  there 
is  one  thing  of  great  importance  that 
must  be  taken  into  consideration,  and 
that  is  that  the  sprinkler  heads  are  located 
on  the  top  of  the  pipe,  in  an  upright  posi- 
tion, except  in  the  case  of  concealed  pipe 
systems,  where  the  sprinkler  heads  are 
located  in  a  pendant  position,  a  subject 
which  will  be  dealt  with  later  on.  The 
deflector  of  the  head  must  be  not  less  than 
3  inches  or  more  than  10  inches  below 
the  ceiling  or  bottom  of  a  joist,  and  in 
addition  to  this  the  head  itself  as  set  up 
measures  approximately  Zyz  inches  in 
height,  to  which  must  be  added  the  diame- 
ter of  the  pipe  fittings,  so  that  the  pipe 
system  will  be  from  8  to  15  inches  below 
the  ceiling,  according  to  the  form  of  con- 
struction. This  space  allowance  should 
be  considered  in  planning  for  the  equip- 
ment of  a  building  with  sprinklers,  and 


the  rule  requiring  that  no  goods  or  ma- 
terials should  be  stored  or  piled  within  2 
feet  of  the  ceiling  or  the  bottom  of  the 
joists  should  be  kept  in  mind.  This  last 
rule  is  necessary  in  order  that  the  water 
from  the  sprinklers  may  be  properly 
sprayed  over  the  surface  to  which  the 
sprinkler  head  is  figured  to  give  protec- 
tion. 

For  buildings  of  ordinary  construction 
— that  is,  with  open  joists — the  sprinkler 
heads  will  approximately  cover  72  to  80 
square  feet  per  head,  but  in  no  case 
should  the  heads  be  over  8  feet  apart 
across  joists,  and  10  feet  with  joists  (see 
Figure  1)  and  they  should  always  be 
staggered.  Under  slow-burning  construc- 
tion, a  spacing  of  approximately  90  to 
100  square  feet  per  head  can  be  figured, 
although  in  certain  types  of  paneled  ceil- 
ings the  heads  will  approxiinate  less 
area  in  square  feet  in  order  not  to  have 
the  distribution  of  water  obstructed  by 
the  girders  or  beams  forming  the  panel. 

In  the  form  of  ceiling  construction  the 
depth  of  the  beams  plays  an  important 
part  in  determining  the  number  of 
sprinkler  heads  necessary.  If  the  beams 
average  10  inches  in  depth  and  are  spaced 
4  to  5  feet  apart  in  20- foot  bays,  two 
lines  of  sprinklers  at  right  angles  to  the 
bay,  with  the  sprinkler  heads  staggered 
in  the  centre  of  the  bay  with  deflectors 
10  to   12  inches  below  the  ceiling,  will 


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PraiTRE  1.     PLAN  SHOWING  FEED  MAINS  IN  BASEMENT  AND  SPACING 
OF   SPRINKLERS  UNDER  OPEN  JOIST  CEILING. 


AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENT  OF  LOFT  BUILDINGS. 


197 


make  a  flesirable  layout  which  will  give 
good  protection.  Further,  this  layout  will 
keep  the  piping  up  close  to  the  bottoms 
of  the  beams,  thereby  avoiding  numerous 
fittings,  and  at  the  same  time  giving 
ample  head  room.  In  buildings  of  mill 
construction,  the  heads  shonkl  be  spaced 
as  shown  in  Figure  2. 

Fig.  3  shows  the  best  method  of  spac- 
ing sprinkler  heads  under  ceilings  of  fire- 
proof construction  where  the  beams 
forming  the  panels  are  not  more  than  8 
inches  in  depth,  spaced  6  feet  apart,  and 
the  girders  not  over  16  inches  in  depth 
spaced  20  feet  apart. 

Fig.  4  shows  the  best  method  of  spac- 


ing sprinkler  heads  under  fireproof  ceil- 
ings where  beams  are  not  over  12  inches 
in  depth,  spaced  from  4  feet  to  5  feet  6 
inches  apart,  with  girders  not  over  24 
inches  deep,  spaced  20  feet  apart.  Fither 
of  the  above  methods  will  admit  of  the 
proper  distribution  of  water  over  the 
contents  provided  the  deflectors  are  not 
less  than  3  inches  betow  the  soffit  of  the 
beams  and  not  more  than  15  inches  be- 
low the  plane  of  the  ceiling.  Either  of 
the  above  methods  may  be  used  under 
semi-mill  constrnction  ceilings. 

The  important  point  to  consider  is  to 
have  not  more  than  100  square  feet  of 
ceiling  surface  allotted  to    a    sprinkler 


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FIGURE    2.      SPACFNG    OP    SPRINKLER    HEADS   UNDER    MILL    CONSTRUC- 
TION    CEJILJNG.      (SPRINKLERS    SPACED  10  FEET  APART  ON  A  LINE 
IN    10-FOOT    BAYS.) 


198 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


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AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENT  OF  LOFT  BUILDINGS. 


199 


and  the  heads  so  located  as  to  be  not 
more  than  12  feet  in  radius  from  each 
other. 
Fig.  5  shows  an  ideal  method  of  spac- 


ing sprinkler  heads  under  ceilings  of  fire- 
proof construction  where  the  girders 
forming  the  bays  are  of  unusual  depth 
and  where  the  pipe  system  is  concealed. 


(To  be  continued.) 


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FIGURE  3. — SKETCH  SHOWING  METHOD  OP  SPACING  SPRINKLER 
HEADS  UNDER  FIREPROOF  CEILING  (BEAM  CEILING)  WHEN 
BEAMS    ARE    NOT    OVER    8    INCHES   DEEP. 


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FIGURE  4. — SKETCH  SHOWING  METHOD  OF  SPACING  SPRINKLER  HEADS 
UNDER  FIREPROOF  CEILING.  (BEAM  CONSTRUCTION)  WHERE 
BEAMS   ARE  NOT  OVER   12    INCHES    DEEP. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


I   THE   MARYLAND  CASUALTY   < 


ARCHITECTURAL  DESIGN 

Architectural  Department,   Harvard  University 


THE  instruction  in  Architectural  De- 
sign in  the  School  of  Architec- 
ture of  Harvard  University,  following 
the  introductory  course  on  the  orders 
and  the  elements  of  architectural  form, 
is  divided  into  three  successive  courses, 
which  may  be  designated  as  elementary, 
intermediate,  and  advanced.  A  student 
is  promoted  from  one  course  to  the  next 
according  to  his  proficiency  as  shown  in 
the  problems  and  sketches  in  design 
which  he  executes.  Advancement  is 
therefore  reckoned  not  by  years  of  work, 
but  by  attainment. 

The  loggia  by  Mr.  W.  E.  Rowland  is 
an  example  of  the  sketch  problem  in  ad- 
vanced design.  The  problem  was  a  Cer- 
emonial Loggia  on  a  State  Capitol 
building,  in  which  the  Governor  might 
stand  on  occasions  of  public  functions, 
especially  for  the  purpose  of  reviewing 
troops  or  other  processions.  It  w-as  sup- 
posed to  occupy  an  angle  pavilion.  This 
drawing  w^as  awarded  the  prize  (in 
1911)  oflfered  annually  by  the  Boston 
Society  of  Architects. 

The  next  two  drawings  show  another 
sketch  problem  in  advanced  design,  the 
work  of  Mr.  S.  F.  Kimball  and  Mr. 
Rhodes  Robertson.  The  sketch  follow^ed 
the  solution  of  a  large  problem  of  a  great 
Roman  Catholic  Church,  with  parish 
schools,  clergy  house  and  nunnery.  The 
sketch  called  for  was  a  doorway  of  the 
problem  previously  rendered.  The  draw- 
ing of  Mr.  Kimball  won  the  prize  offered 
bv  the  Boston  Society  of  Architects  in 
1910. 

The  subjects  for  the  problems  in  de- 
sign are  selected,  especially  in  the  inter- 
mediate and  advanced  courses,  from  such 


as  are  characteristic  of  American  re- 
quirements, most  of  them  being  chosen 
from  among  current  problems  of  fre- 
quent occurrence.  The  imagination  of 
tlie  students  is  stimulated  by  encourag- 
ing them  to  handle  these  problems  in  an 
ideal  way — in  sucn  manner  as  they  would 
be  handled  under  the  most  favorable  con- 
ditions. After  the  students  have  made 
their  sketches  en  loge,  thus  fixing  the 
scheme  on  which  their  solution  of  the 
problem  must  be  w'orked  out  under  the 
criticism  of  the  instructors,  they  are 
taken  to  visit  some  of  the  best  or  most 
characteristic  actual  buildings  of  the 
type  they  are  studying.  The  practical  re- 
quirements of  such  buildings  are  then 
explained  on  the  spot,  and  are  brought 
home  to  them  by  an  examination  of  the 
building  itself  as  a  working  machine. 
Thev  are  then  aided  in  making  use  of 
this  knowledge  in  the  working  out  of 
their  design,  thus  learning  how  to  give 
artistic  expression  to  actual  require- 
ments, how  to  relate  practical  demands 
of  arrangement  or  of  construction  to 
beauty  of  design.  In  this  way,  for  in- 
stance, the  modern  department  store,  the 
religious  association  building  and  the  fire 
engine  house  have  lately  been  studied. 
This  study  is  supplemented  by  lectures 
on  the  requirements  of  modern  buildings 
by  such  well-known  architects  as  Mr.  R. 
S.  Peabody,  Mr.  Frank  Miles  Day,  and 
Mr.  Cass  Gilbert,  all  of  them  past  presi- 
dents of  the  American  Institute  of  Arch- 
itects. 

The  advanced  course  in  design  is  in 
the  hands  of  Professor  E.  J.  A.  Du- 
quesne,  Grand  Prix  de  Rome,  Architect 
of    the    r>ench    Government,    and    until 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


A  CEREMONIAL   BALCONY    FOR    A   STATE  CAPITOL.   BUILDING, 
Problem   In  Advanced  Tieslgn.  DeBlgiied  by  Wirt   C.   Rowland. 


ARCHITECTURAL    DESIGN,    HARVARD     UNIVERSITY. 


203 


lately,  patron  of  an  atelier  in  Paris  and 
member  of  the  Jury  of  the  Ecole  des 
Beaux-Arts.  Professor  Duquesne  has 
designed  and  carried  out  important 
buildings  in  France,  and  is  now  practic- 
ing in  Boston. 


Architectural  history  is  taught  by  Pro- 
fessor H.  Langford  Warren,  F.  A.  I.  A. 
(of  the  firm  of  Warren  &  Smith),  who 
is  also  chairman  of  the  department. 

The  entire  instruction  in  architecture 
is  in  the  hands  of  practicing  architects. 


A  PORTAL  FOR  A  I^RGE  CHURCH, 
In   Advanced    Dealen.  DeBli!:ned  by  Sidney   F.  Kim 

Architecture,  Harvard  University. 

■  -  "      ily  ol  Architects,  1910. 


Prlie  ol  Bos 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  Bl'ILDING. 


A  PORTAL  FOR  A 
Dpd    DeslBti. 
ture.  Hiiivard  Urtveraitj 


SWISS   CHALET   DESIGN 


By  WM.   S.    B.    DANA.   B.   S. 

VI. 

"You  will  be  surprised  if  I  tell  you  that  tin  chalets  of  the  Swiss  moiialaiiis  are  exaelty  ihe 
HC  as  the  (kalets  that  one  sees  on  the  slopes  of  the  Himalayas,  and  in  Ihe  valleys  of  Kash- 

Viollet  le  Due. 

T    was   my   pleasure    on   a    dazzling     square^  placed  diagonallj',  and  the  softly 
Genevan  summer's  day,  to  visit  the     tinted   porcelain  lined  raijgc,  a  pecnliar 


handsome  chalet  of  a  certain  universally 
esteemed  pasteur  of  (leneva.  The  im- 
pression that  I  received  was  that  of  a 
palace  of  wood — rich,  warm,  red  wood. 
The  floors  were  of  parquetry,  the  walls 
of  long,  narrow,  vertical  panels,  and 
the  ceiling,  beamed.  The  chalet,  as  I 
approached  it,  appeared  as  in  the  ac- 
companying cut,  all  the  shutters  closed 
to  keep  out  the  intense  sunlight.  I  pre- 
sented myself  at  the  porch  door  under 
the  awning  and  was  requested  to  enter 
at  the  main  entrance  a  little  further  to 
the  left.  I  found  a  generous  hall-way 
flanked  on  the  right  by  a  dining  room, 
and  on  the  left  by  a  kitchen;  next  to  this 
came  the  stairs.  In  the  kitchen  I  noted 
the  characteristic  tiled  floor  of  diill  red 


product  of  Swiss  maniifactiu-e.     To  the 
rear  were  the  reception  rooms.    Upstairs 


THE    RECEPTION    ROOM. 

the  arrangement  corresponded  to  that  be- 
low, with  everywhere  the  finish  of 
wooden  panels  and  beamed  ceilings.  A 
view  of  the  reception  room  is  given. 

Geneva  is  a  famous  home  of  chalet 
manufacture  and  design.  From  its 
fabriqties,  chalets  of  all  manner  of 
shapes  and  sizes  are  sent  forth  into  the 
world  to  become  summer  houses,  moun- 
tain railroad  stations,  dwellings,  hotels, 
etc.  Probably  the  most  important  manu- 
facturers are  Ody  and  Company,  and 
Spring  Freres.  To  quote  from  "Publi- 
cations Internationales":  "thej  firm  of 
Ody  has  a  special  reputation  for  the  ele- 
gance and  solidity  of  its  chalets.     They 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


CHALET  BIBNSTS  ON  THE  HEIGHTS  OVERLOOKING  LAKE  GENEVA  AT  MONTRBUX. 


have  constructed  a  quantity  of  chalets 
in  the  canton  (of  Geneva)  as  well  as  in 
Switzerland,  also  in  France,  America, 
etc." 

In  the  "Revue  Universelle"  we  find, 
among  others,  these  words  concerning 
the  reputation  of  Spring  Freres:  "We 
have  ...  a  list  of  references — 
among  whom  we  find  the  names  of  doc- 
tors, engineers,  lawyers,  manufacturers, 
who  are  especially  competent  to  judge 
the  chalet  from  the  standpoint  of 
strength  as  well  as  from  that  of  health 
and  comfort." 

From  the  article  on  Ody  and  Com- 
pany, some  valuable  information  is  to  be 
gleaned;  we  quote:  "First,  and  before 
all,  they  tell  us,  in  order  to  construct  a 
good  chalet,  good  wood  is  necessary.  But 
Switzerland  is  a  privileged  country,  as  a 
producer  of  the  best  timber,  and  our 
firm  possesses  a  tremendous  stock  of  it 
in  reserve;  it  is  well  seasoned,  having 
been  stored  for  seven  or  eight  years. 

"It   goes   without   saying   that,    inde- 


pendently of  the  quality  of  the  wood,  a 
careful  handling  and  treatment,  learned 
only  by  long  experience  are  necessary. 
.  .  .  Wood  which  is  not  sufficiently 
dry  has  a  tendency  to  be  influenced  by 
the  temperature,  resulting  in  structural 
defects.  A  good  chalet  ought  to  last  for 
a  very  long  time,  as  witness  the  century- 
old  chalets  called  'mazots.' 

"All  beams  for  the  chalets  are  grooved 
their  whole  length,  and  dowelled  to- 
gether at  least  once  in  every  yard.  On 
the  interior  of  each  exterior  wall  is  a 
lining  of  brick  with  a  shallow  air-space 
between,  which  insures  the  best  of  in- 
sulation from  extremes  of  temperature. 

"The  outside  walls  are  coated  with  a 
mixture  of  Norway  tar  and  hot  oil,  which 
preserves  the  wood  indefinitely. 

"The  cost  of  chalets  is  about  $400  a 
room  for  a  good  chalet.  The  chalets, 
besides  their  beauty,  require  no  repair- 
ing, as  the  great  overhanging  gables 
serve  not  only  as  decorative  features, 
but  as  a  protection   from  the  weather.' 


SmSS  CHALET  DESIGN. 


CHALET  BIBNSIS,  MONTRBUX. 


From  the  "Revue  Universelle,"  under 
the  title  "The  manufacture  of  Swiss 
chalets.  Spring  Freres,  Geneva":  "The 
chalet  is  the  Swiss  dwelling  par  c.rcd- 
lence,  the  typical  construction,  just  as 
the  brick  house  is  the  dwelling  of  the 
Enghsh ;  more  than  this,  the  chalet  is 
the  construction  economic.  Chalets 
range  in  size  from  two  rooms  to  twenty. 
They  can  be  made  to  suit  all  tastes,  and 
to  accommodate  all  purses.  They  are 
solid,  comfortable,  habitable  throughout 
the  year.  They  require  no  more  atten- 
tion than  the  ordinary  bouse  and  can  be 
made  incombustible  by  a  special  prepara- 
tion. Built  on  footings  of  concrete  and 
foundations  of  masonry,  they  are  imper- 
vious to  dampness.  Constructed  of  heavy 
beams,  they  are  reinforced  on  the 
inside  by  a  thin  brick  wall,  or  by  panel- 
ing. Spring  Freres  have  also  begun  the 
manufacture  of  chalets  with  triple  shell 
walls,  which  can  be  handled  at  slight  ex- 


pense. A  chalet  like  this  latter,  built  on 
a  masonry  foundation  is,  on  account  of 
the  air-spaces  between  the  various  shells, 
guaranteed  to  preserve  an  even  tempera- 
ture, equivalent  to  that  obtained  by  ma- 
sonry walls  21  Inches  thick. 

"For  countries  exposed  to  severe  cold 
or  tropical  heat  we  cannot  too  highly 
recommend  this  system  of  construction. 
In  fact,  with  the  same  wall  structure,  the 
number  of  shells  and  spaces  between  can 
be  increased,  producing  as  a  result  insu- 
lation equivalent  to  that  obtained  by  a 
masonry  wall  more  than  3  feet  thick. 

"The  advantage  of  this  type  61  chalet 
is  its  rapidity  of  construction;  in  one 
month's  time  after  the  foundation  is  laid, 
it  is  possible  to  prepare  a  chalet  of  fifteen 
rooms  in  the  workshop  and  erect  it  at 
any  point.  The  rapidity  of  manufacture, 
and  consequently  the  reduced  cost  of 
erection,  as  well  as  of  transportation,  be- 
cause of  reduced  weight,  insure  a  great 


ARCHITECTUKE  ASD  BVILD-ING. 


Hd  Station,  Monlbovon. 

let   doorwny,    Chateau   d'Oex,  ___ 

r  of  chnlet.   Perne.  6,  A   Berneso  chalet,   with   ( 


SIV/SS   CHALET  DESIGX. 


economy,  while  niaintaiiiiny;  the  same 
conveniences  and  appearance;  for  the 
chalet  (i  (<an>is  isohiili-s  (isolated  walls) 
yields  nothing  to  other  tyiws  in  tlie  mat- 
ter of  aesthetics,  solidity  ami  durability. 

"The  wood  used  is  pine,  pitch-pine. 
and  oak.  .All  parts  of  the  building  are 
arranged  so  as  to  prevent  the  collecting 
of  water  and  dampness. 

"The  price  of  the  chalet  ranges  from 
$600  to  $12,000. 

"In  the  high   country  are   chalets  of 


MAP  OF  GENEVA 


the  15th  and  idth  centuries  which  are 
still  used  as  dwellings;  this  is  sufficient 
proof  of  their  powers  of  resistance  and 
durability.  The  chalet  is  the  cnnstruc- 
ton  of  greatest  solidity;  in  the  moun- 
tainous regions,  where  the  severe  climate 
and  high  winds  would  not  allow  of  any 
but  the  most  solid  construction,  the  chalet 
is  the  favorite  form  of  dwelling. 

■'The  construction  in  w'ood  cannot  be 
too  highly  recommended  in  countries 
where  earthquakes  are  frequent.  Stone 
dwelhngs  collapse  at  the  slightest  move- 
ment of  the  earth,  or,  at  least,  crack, 
while  those  of  wood  remain  unaffected; 
the  ra]>idtty  and  facility  of  manufacture 
and  erection  of  hollow  walls  (Spring 
Freres  method)  make  them  specially 
adapted  lo  the  colonies." 

The  fabriqucs  of  Ody  and  Company 
and  Spring  I'reres  are  indicated  on  the 
portion  of  the  map  of  Geneva  which  is 
given;  ".A"  is  the  location  on  the  hill-top 
of  Ody  and  Company.  an<l  "B"  that  of 
Spring  I'reres ;  the  location  of  the  United 
States  Consulate  is  indicated  bv  letter 
"C," 

A  night  ride  by  train  along  the  north- 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


,    ^- 


DETAILS;    BRIENZ,    KIENHOLZ — FROM     VARIN. 


SWISS  CHALET  DESIGN. 


211 


ern  shore  of  Lake  Geneva,  past  the  en- 
chanting home  of  Paderewski,  at 
Morges,  to  Lausanne,  where  I  spent  the 
night;  then  a  Sunday  morning  boat  ride 
across  green  waters  brought  me  to  the 
favorite  winter  resort  at  the  head  of 
Lake  Geneva,  Montreux.  On  the  al- 
most perpendicular  mountain  side  above 
Montreux,  I  found  Biensis,  a  model 
chalet  designed  for  the  Paris  exposition 
of  1880,  where  it  was  bought  by  a  prom- 
inent citizen  of  Montreux,  dismounted 
and  shipped  to  its  present  eyrie.  An 
idea  of  its  situation  may  be  gained  from 
the   photograph:   another  cut  shows   it 


FIG.   32. 

more  in  detail.  A  leading  citizen  of 
Montreux,  whom  I  had  been  recom- 
mended to  call  upon,  kindly  gave  me 
permission  to  examine  some  new  chalets 
which  he  was  building.  The  panorama 
from  their  balconies,  under  the  broad 
sweep  of  their  vast  gables  was  matchless. 
With  the  aid  of  the  foreman,  who  talked 
good-humoredly  to  me  in  Italian-French- 
Swiss,  I  learned  the  names  of  many  de- 
tails of  these  chalets  which  were  still  in 


FIG.  33. 

the  unfinished  wood.  In  all  cases  I  found 
the  walls  to  be  made  of  a  core  of  3-inch 
planks,  on  edge.  The  floors  were  of 
cinder  concrete  with  steel  beams,  the 
beams  being  28  inches  on  centers,  with 
flanges  234  inches  wide. 

Fig.  32  shows  a  sketch  of  one  of  the 
great  overhanging  consoles  (projection 
about  9  feet),  which  was  most  easily  ob- 
tained by  lying  flat  on  my  back  on  the 
balcony  below  it.  Fig.  33  is  a^j  entrance 
door.  On  the  way  by  the  funicular  rail- 
way from  Montreux  to  Berne,  among 
giant  mountains,  and  through  giant  val- 
leys, I  took  some  snap-shots,  as  the  rail- 
road station  at  Montbovan,  and  several 
at  Chateau  d'Oex  and  Berne. 

Upon  the  advice  of  the  vice-consul  at 
Berne,  I  visited  the  Parquet  and  Chalet 
fabrik  at  Interlaken,  and  obtained  from 
them  a  set  of  plates  with  a  prospectus  of 
their  work.  I  quote  from  this  latter: 
"The  different  styles  of  the  old  Swiss 
blockhouse,  whose  rugged  construction 
has  resisted  for  centuries  the  elements, 
and  whose  picturesque  outlines  harmon- 
ize so  well  with  the  scenery,  serve  as  a 
model  for  the  construction  and  style  of 
the  chalets." 


(  Concluded. ) 


ARCHITECTURE    AND   BUILDING. 


THE   MECHANICS'   BANK,  NEW  HAVEN,  CONN. 


1  Contr 


Slei 


The  inieresiing  building  of  the  Mechanics' 
Bank  in  New  Haven  is  a  gcxid  representative 
of  a  type  which  has  been  constructed  for  some 
time  in  the  large  cities  and  is  now  being 
adopted  for  bank  construction  generally 
ihroughoul  the  country.  The  bank  is  notable 
for  its  fine  interior  marble,  bronze  work,  both 
exterior   and    interior,    and    for    its    fireproof 


The  builders  were  the  Sperry  &  Treat  Co. 
The  Day  Company  supplied  the  fireproof  win- 
dows and  Stevens  and  Wafer  were  the  elec- 
trical contractors.  The  furniture  of  the  offi- 
cers' and  directors'  room  was  made  by  the 
Doten-Dunton  Desk  Company;  De  Francisci 
Brothers  Company  did  the  interior  marble 
work  and  the  John  Polachek  Bronze  &  Iron 
Co.  did  thi'  interior  metal  work. 


The  Markle  Bank  and  Trust  Company 
building  is  notable  in  that  it  is  one  of  the  first 
examples  outside  of  New  York  City  in  which 
wood  has  been  entirely  eliminated  from  con- 
struction. Wire-glass  in  metal  sash  is  used  in 
all  windows  exposed  to  outside  fire  risk,  it 
being  intended  to  make  the  building  as  nearly 
as  possible  conflag  rat  ion- proof. 

The  building  has  ten  upper  stories  devoted 
to  offices  and  75  per  cent,  of  the  total  area  of 
the  building,  measuring  from  the  outside  walls, 
is  rentable  space  on  all  floors  devoted  to 
otKces. 

The  builder  was  James  G.  Doalt  &  Co.,  and 
the  bronze  work  was  done  by  John  Polachek 
Bronze  and  Iron  Company. 

Tlie   building   for   the   Newark   Fire   Insur- 


MECHANICS'' bank: 


ENTRANCli. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


ss 


MECHANICS-  BANK. 


Bronze  Screen  and  ( 
Office  Furniture:  D 
Interior    Marble:      D 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


1 1 


PATERSON    SAVINGS   INSTITUTION. 


?he  B.  L.  Marble  Chal 
larble:   Voska,   FoelacI 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


SLOANE    BUILDING. 


BUILDING  FOR  ^ 

Corbln  Hardware, 

Otis  Elevators. 

.      ,.,   ...    ....,   gygtem. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


((.■onllnupcl    frnm   pa«f    ai2.) 
ance  Company  is  a  single  ^ti)r>'  striu'lure  witli 
a  mezzanine  across  lUe  front  over  the  entraiii:e 
{or  offices. 

The  Iiuilder  was  E.  M.  Waldmn  Co.:  ihe 
Anderson  Lumher  Company  did  the  interior 
trim  and  cahinet  work.  The  Krowo  Company 
supplied  the  hghting  fixtures. 

The  huilding  at  80  Maiden  Lane  has  a  front- 
age on  that  street  of  143  feet  with  a  front- 
age on  Cedar  Street  of  173  feet.  The  building 
is  twenty-five  stories  high,  the  top  or  attic 
story  heing  lighted  by  bull's-eye  windows.  The 


;\'.  41  CI.IXTOX  BTKEET,  NEWARK,  N.  J. 

Ely  &  Ely,  Archttects, 

exterior   walls   are    faced   with   cream-colored 
enameled   brick   with   enameled  surface  terra- 

Tbe  Thompson-Starrett  Company  of  Ken 
York  were  the  builders.  The  W.  G.  Cornell 
Company  did  the  plumbing;  the  painting  and 
decorating  were  done  by  the  W'.  P.  Nelson 
Company:  William  H,  Jackson  Company  fur- 
nished mantels  and  the  lighting  fixtures  were 
supplied  by  the  Mitchell  Vance  Company;  the 
rubber  rugs  in  the  vestibules  were  produced 
by  the  Essex  Rubber  Co. ;  P.  and  F.  Corbin 
supplied    the    hardware;    and    Otis    elevators 


NEWARK   FIRE   INSURAXCE   COMPANY. 


Interior  Trim  and  Cabinet  Work:     The   Andereon  Lumber  Co. 
Evans'  "Creacfnt"  Kxpanslon   Bolto  Used. 
Stanley  Ball  Beailne  MltiKea  I'sed. 


IVITHIN    THE    CUUNTER, 
Ely  &  Ely,  Arehltet 


ARCHITI-.CTi'RE    ASD    BUILDING. 


MERCANTILE   BUIL.D1NG,    N.    B.    CORNER    OF    "TH    AVENUE   AND   24TH   STREET, 
NEW    YORK. 
Builders:    Theodore    Starrett    Company.  Fr«d«rlck   Sdulres,  Architect. 

Tapeatry   Brick:      Flske  4  Company.   Inc. 
A.  B.   See  Electric  Elevators. 
Ughting  Fixtures:  The  Slmea  Co. 


MF.RCANTILR    BVILDING. 


lulldera:   Thtc 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


JS^.M.^L 


IM! 


iiiilBlll 


CEDAR  STREET 


FIRE    COMPANIES    BUILDING. 


Mantels:     Wm 


ARCHITECTURE   AND.  BUILDING 


-5& 


e   ^ 

IP 

!oi 

J    a 


riRF.    COMI'.-IXIRS    HVILDiSG. 


Ess 


ARCHITECTURE    AND   BUILDING. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND   BUILDING. 


Otis  Elevator  Company 

Announce  their  Removal, on  or  about  June  15, 1912 

to  their  New  Building 

Eleventh  Avenue  and  Twenty-sixth  Street 

New  York 


OtlB 

BuUdlnft 


Which,  through  concentration  of  the  General  Offices  and  Metropolitan 
District  Departments  under  one  roof,  provides  for  the  benefit  of  the 
users  of  Otis  Elevator  Products,  the  most  complete  "Supply"  and 
'*  Service  "  Organization  of  any  Elevator  Company  in  the  World, 


The  achievement  of  this  Company  in 

Kfecting  the  highest  type  of  Elevators 
gained  for  our  product  recognition  as 
the  standard  of  excellence  throughout  the 
dvilizefi  world, —  and  while  the  best  batit 
and  lemat  In  need  o/  "lervJce"  and 
repair^  astrs  of  Otis  products  are,  through 
this  concentration  and  enlargement  of 
facilities,  protecteit  by  a  "  Service " 
Organlzatloa  as  perfect  as  ibe  product 
Haelt. 


In  addition  to  housing  all  the  General 
Offices  of  the  Company  there  will  be  kept  on 
hand  at  all  times  a  tutt  line  of  all  paria 
and  aappUea  ready  tor  Immediate  de- 
Hvery.  Our  "Service  "  f)rganization  will 
include  factory- trained  experts  thoroughly 
familiar  with  Elevator  construction,  who, 
with  our  Automobile  Service  for  expe- 
diting the  delivery  of  needed  parts,  will  be 
on  call  at  all  times,— Da.y=^  Nights.  Sun- 
days and  Holidays. 


(New)  Telephone  7500  Chelsea 
Private  Branch  Exchange  Connecting  All  Departments 


d  Freight  Elevators. —for  all 
rvators;— Oiis  Inclined  and 
5idewalkj;—HndOtb  Automatic  Pu»li-Bi 

;  Advertisers,  please  mention  Archltectui 


FreiBht  Elevalors;— Oti 
tan  for  private  ruidena 

Building. 


18 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 

ROMANESQUE  ARCHITECTURE  IN 
FRx^NCE.  Edited  and  with  an  introduction 
by  Julius  Baum.  New  York:  E.  P.  Dutton 
and   Company.     Price,  $7.50  net. 

This  volume,  which  is  a  companion  to  "Ba- 
roque Architectue"  is  the  same  size  and  is  equally 
perfect  in  its  method  of  reproduction.  There 
are  226  plates.  The  method  of  presentation  is 
the  same,  the  text  consisting  of  an  historical 
resume  which  the  author,  Dr.  Baum,  has  illus- 
trated with  a  number  of  plans  and  sections  of 
churches.  In  the  main  the  illustrations  show  a 
larger  proportion  of  church  work  than  is  exhib- 
ited in  the  book  on  "Baroque  Architecture. 


>» 


CONCRETE  COSTS.  By  Frederick  W.  Taylor, 
M.  E.,  Sc.  D.,  and  Sanford  E.  Thompson, 
S.  B.  New  York :  John  Wiley  and  Sons. 
Price,  $5.00  net. 

This  new  book  by  the  authors  of  "A  Treatise 
on  Concrete,  Plain  and  Reinforced,"  which  is 
very  favorably  known  by  engineers  and  archi- 
tects, consists  of  tables,  and  recommendations  for 
estimating  time  and  cost  of  labor  operations  in 
concrete  construction  and  for  introducing  eco- 
nomical methods  of  management.  Tlie  chapters 
include  the  following:  approximate  costs  of  mis- 
cellaneous concrete  work;  approximate  cost  data 
on  concrete  structures;  approximate  costs  of 
reinforced  concrete  buildings;  determination  of 
labor  cost;  task-work  in  construction;  propor- 
tioning concrete;  tables  of  quantities  of  mate- 
rials for  concrete  and  mortar;  cost  of  concrete 
materials ;  excavating  and  crushing  stone  for  con- 
crete; handling  and  transporting  materials;  labor 
of  hand  mixing;  machinery  plants  for  mixing 
and  handling  concrete;  labor  costs  of  machine 
mixing;  forms  for  mass  concrete;  arch  centers; 
forms  for  reinforced  concrete;  tables  of  con- 
crete volumes;  tables  of  steel  areas  and  quanti- 
ties; tables  of  times  and  costs  bending  and 
placing  steel;  tables  for  designing  forms;  tables 
of  quantities  of  lumber  for  forms;  tables  of 
times  and  costs  of  labor  on  forms;  estimates  for 
reinforced    concrete   construction. 

The  text  includes  81  figures  which  are  neces- 
sary to  the  better  understanding  of  the  subject. 
They  deal  mainly  with  form  construction  and 
cement  handling  and  concrete  mixing  machinery. 
The  book  should  be  of  great  aid  to  architects 
and  engineers  in  enabling  them  to  make  accu- 
rate estimates  of  the  cost  of  concrete  and  the 
cost  of  erection  of  concrete  structures.  It  is  a 
work  that  will  be  of  service  to  contractors  and 
superintendents  also,  enabling  them  to  plan  and 
lay  out  their  materials  and  methods  of  construc- 
tion so  that  the  greatest  economy  may  be  ob- 
tained in  handling  and  in  erection  work.  In  a 
broad  sense  the  work  is  of  value  as  introducing 
scientific  management  into  building  construction. 
A  distinctive  feature  of  the  book  is  its  tabulated 


information  as  to  the  time  necessar>'  for  a  work- 
man to  perform  a  certain  task.  This  information 
should  enable  a  superintendent  or  foreman  to 
greatly  increase  the  efficiency  of  the  laborers 
and  mechanics  under  him.  As  outlined  in  the 
introduction,  it  is  pointed  out  that  analysis,  syn- 
thesis and  proof  are  the  three  sections  of  writing 
a  book,  and  if  we  may  judge  from  the  char- 
acter of  the  text  and  the  information  presented, 
the  entire  work  represents  the  careful  thought 
of    well-ordered    and    regulated   minds. 


BAROQUE  ARCHITECTL^RE  AND  SCULP- 
TURE IN  ITALY.  By  Corrado  Ricci. 
New  York:  E.  P.  Dutton  and  Company. 
Price,  $7.50  net. 

This  book,  outside  of  a  few  introductory  re- 
marks, consists  of  274  plates  about  9  inches  by 
12  inches  in  size.  The  illustration  and  repro- 
duction are  of  the  most  perfect  character,  and 
the  photographs  have  been  carefully  chosen  and 
most  excellently  made,  making  the  reproductions 
by  the  half-tone  process  of  the  clearest  possible 
sort.  Baroque  art  persisted  in  Italy  perhaps 
longer  than  elsewhere,  and  began  to  decline  only 
towards  the  end  of  the  18th  century.  In  France, 
Baroque  art  flourished  in  the  reign  of  Louis  XIV, 
and  Rococo  was  the  favorite  in  the  reign  of 
Louis  XV.  In  the  introductory  pages  the  author 
gives  an  historical  resume  of  the  style. 


HAND-FORGING  AND  WROUGHT-IRON 
ORNAMENTAL  WORK.  By  Thomas  F. 
Googerty.  The  Popular  Mechanics  Com- 
pany, Publishers,  Chicago.  Price,  $1.00, 
postpaid. 

The  purpose  of  this  book  is  to  outline  the 
methods  of  design  and  construction  for 
wrought-iron  ornamental  work.  It  is  directed 
to  the  use  of  instructors  in  manual  training, 
students,  amateurs,  and  professional  workers. 
It  deals  largely  with  the  constructive  prin- 
ciples of  interior  iron  work.  Throughout  the 
book  there  are  illustrations  of  diagrammatical 
character,  122  in  number.  While  the  book  is 
interesting  reading,  the  practical  phase  of  the 
question  cannot  but  arise  in  the  mind  of  any- 
one looking  it  over;  while  it  looks  very  fas- 
cinating for  the  amateur  on  the  face  of  it,  in 
reality  it  presents  many  problems  which  re- 
quire manual  dexterity  and  knowledge  of  ma- 
terials and  use  of  tools  which  are  only  at- 
tained by  long  practice.  High  grade  wrought- 
iron  work  is  the  product  of  the  skilled  work- 
man who  is  also,  in  most  cases,  an  artist.  Not 
nevertheless  that  the  book  is  misleading  in 
that  in  a  seemingly  easy  presentation,  a  dif- 
ficult subject  is  concealed.  To  the  practical 
ornamental  iron  worker  or  apprentice  at  that 
trade,  the  book  should  be  valuable,  but  we 
wishing  to  discourage  the  amateur,  we  feel 
cannot  recommend  it  to  the  amateur  worker. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


When  writing  Advert 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Art  and  Architecture 

THE  CITY  HALL  PARK  SITE  AND  THE 
POST  OFFICE. 
We  think  it  safe  to  say  that  any  New  Yorker 
who  has  any  civic  pride,  or  we  may  gD  farther 
and  include  any  American  who  boasts  of  the  ar- 
chitecture of  his  country  and  its  structural 
achievernerts  in  building,  who  has  the  slightesi 
eye  for  civic  improvement  would  welocme  ihe 
demolition  of  the  Mullet  post  office  building  and 
the  restoration  of  City  Hall  Park  to  its  pristine 

As  a  matter  of  expansion,  to  accommodate  the 
growth  of  the  post  office  department  and  the 
increased  requirements  of  the  Federal  Courts, 
the  present  site  is  inadequate  unless  thereon  the 
government  should  see  fit  to  erect  a  skyscraper. 
\\  ith  the  other  buildings  surrounding  City  Hall 
Park  towering  skyward,  it  would  seem  by  far 
the  better  course  to  increase  rather  than  further 
restrict  the  air  space.  The  movement  for  the 
removal  of  the  post  office  lo  a  new  site  has  the 
approval  of  the  Merchants'  Association  of  New 
York,  various  other  civic  organizations  and  the 
support  of  architects.  The  city  press  has  not 
been   backward,  either. 

The  American  Anti-Boycott  Association  has 
issued  a  bulletin  on  injunctions  as  a  remedy 
against  illegal  strikes.     It  says: 

"A  strike  to  benefit  the  working  conditions  of 
the  strikers  is  ordinarily  legal,  but  there  are  many 
kinds  of  illegal  strikes  against  which  an  injunc- 
tion may  properly  issue  and  be  made  effective  if 
properly  applied. 

"Of  such  a  character  are  all  sympathetic  strikes 
and  strikes  to  prevent  the  use  of  open  shop  ma- 
terials, such  as  are  particularly  frequent  in  the 
building  trades  to  enforce  the  purchase  of  mate- 
rials made  under  strictly  union  conditions.  For 
many  years  there  has  been  grave  doubt  as  to  the 
best  method  of  dealing  with  such  strikes,  and 
many  people  have  questioned  the  efficacy  of  the 
injunction  as  a  remedy.     The   familiar  argument. 


in  and  out  of  court  has  been  that  it  is  impos- 
sible to  make  men  work  against  their  will,  and 
therefore  impossible  to  avert  strikes  by  injunc- 
tion. This  argument  ignores  the  important  ele- 
ment that  a  large  percentage  of  union  men  are 
not  sufficiently  interested  in  the  object  of  such 
strikes  to  take  part  in  them  upon  their  own  ini- 
tiative and  will  gladly  remain  at  work  if  the 
union  delegates  are  forbidden  to  interfere.  Our 
experience  with  the  Carpenter's  Union  during 
the  past  year  has  conclusively  demonstrated  that 
the  injunction  properly  applied  can  successfully 
deal  with  such  a  situation,  and  not  only  prevent 
strikes,  but  will  result  in  the  men  who  are  out  on 
strike  returning  lo  work." 

Following  this  it  gives  a  number  of  instances 
of  proof. 

FOREIGN    COMMERCE   OF   THE    UNITED 
STATE  AT  HIGH-RECORD  FIGURES. 

The  foreign  trade  of  the  United  States  in  the 
fiscal  year,  which  ends  with  next  month  will 
show  larger  totals  than  in  any  earlier  year.  The 
ten  months'  figures  covering  the  commerce  down 
to  the  close  of  April,  just  compiled  by  the  Bu- 
reau of  Statistics,  Department  of  Commerce  and 
Lalior,  make  it  quite  apparent  that  in  both  im- 
ports and  exports  the  totals  for  the  fiscal  year 
1912  will  be  the  largest  on  record.  Imports  seem 
likely  to  approximate  1600  million  dollars,  ex- 
ceeding by  between  40  and  50  million  dollars  the 
high  record  import  year  1910.  when  the  total  was 
1,557  million  dollars.  Exports  seem  likely  to 
approximate  2,200  million  dollars,  or  about  150 
million  dollars  more  than  those  of  the  preiious 
high  record  of  2.049  million  made  in  the  fiscal 
year  191!. 

This  growth  in  foreign  commerce,  while  com- 
mon to  both  imports  and  exports,  is  especially 
marked  in  the  export  trade.  Imports  have  in- 
creased approximately  850  million  dollars  since 
1896,  while  exports  in  the  same  time  have  in- 
creased about  1,300  million,  the  excess  of  exports 
over  imports  in  the  same  period  increasing 
from  103  million  dollars  in  1896  to  about 
600  million  dollars  in  the  current  fiscal  year. 

Next  to  raw  cotton,  iron  and  steel  manufac- 
tures are  the  largest  exports. 


3IS  ' 

LMOC.  Ml 

ONS 

;ng 


idftatlo 

rganlzatlon  and  Management    11 

When   writing   AdvertiserB,   pleaa< 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


21 


I.  MORTTZ.  ProiK 


Telepkooe  164  PUu 


Architectural  Metal  Works 

SKYLIGHTS 

CX)RNICES     AND     ROOFING 
CORRUGATED  IRON  WORK 


1192-llM  SECOND  AVENUE 


NEW  YORK 


TTie  National  Building  Trades  and  Employers' 
Association  as  now  organized,  makes  the  fol- 
lowing statement: 

•The  objects  of  this  association  are  declared  to 
be  the  promotion  and  protection  of  the  general 
interests  of  the  Building  Trades  of  the  United 
States.  It  is  its  purpose  to  secure  and  maintain 
the  highest  standard  of  efficiency,  a  more  uni- 
form system  and  harmonious  relation  with  those 
connected  with  the  Building  Trades;  whether 
they  be  engaged  in  the  manufacture  or  sale  of 
appliances,  supplies,  materials  or  in  the  intallation 
of  appliances,  the  use  of  materials,  or  the  erection 
of  buildings,  and  securing  a  more  equitable  sys- 
tem of  dealing  between  the  architect,  owner  and 
member  to  the  end  that  the  interests  of  all  par- 
ties concerned  may  be  fully  protected  and  the 
trade  in  consequence  thereof  elevated  to  a  higher 
standard  of  proficiency  and  usefulness,  and  in 
order  to  fully  accentuate  this  declaration,  to 
guarantee  to  the  organization  affiliated  with  this 
national  association  the  absolute  right  of  home 
rule  in  the  adjustment  of  all  matters  pertaining 
to  labor  or  questions  of  a  local  nature  which  may 
arise  or  exist  in  their  respective  localities;  this 
national  association  to  hold  itself  in  readiness  at 
all  times  to  assist  in  every  way  possible  in  times 
of  trouble  when  called  upon  through  the  proper 
officers." 

This  is  included  in  the  plans  of  organization 
adopted  by  the  National  Convention  at  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  on  February  27  and  28,  1912, 


Dodge  &  Morrison  announce  the  removal  of 
their  architectural  offices  to  Nos.  133-137  Front 
Street,  comer  of  Pine  Street,  New  York  City. 
In  these  new  quarters  they  obtain  increased  space 
and  better  light. 


Arthur  L.  Loveless,  formerly  of  the  firm  of 
Wilson  &  Loveless,  architects,  announces  the 
opening  of  an  office  for  the  practice  of  archi- 
tecture at  427-9  Henry  Building,  Seattle,  Wash. 


Robert  W.  Gibson,  architect,  formerly  of  103 
Park  Avenue,  New  York  City,  has  removed  his 
offices  to  185  Madison  Avenue  (Cameron  Build- 
ing), corner  of  34th  Street. 


Tlie  firm  of  Squires  and  Wendehack  has  been 
formed  for  the  practice  of  architecture,  with 
offices  at  27  East  22d  Street,  New  York  City. 
The  firm  consists  of  Mr.  Frederick  Squires  and 
Mr.  Clinton  C.  Wendehack. 


The  United  States  Civil  Service  Commission 
announces  an  examination  on  June  12,  1912,  for 
a  laboratory  assistant  in  engineering,  and  an- 
other on  June  26  and  27  for  an  assistant  to  in- 
spector of  ordnance.  Particulars  may  be  ob- 
tained from  the  commission  at  Washington,  D.  C. 


Mr.  Oswald  C.  Hering  and  Mr.  Douglas  Fitch 
announce  the  removal  of  their  offices  to  the  south- 
west corner  of  Madison  Avenue  and  31st  Street 
at  which  location  they  will  continue  the  prac- 
tice of  architecture. 


"Tests  of  the  Absorptive  and  Permeable 
Properties  of  Portland  Cement  Mortars  and 
Concretes"  is  the  title  of  the  third  of  the  tech- 
nologic papers  of  the  Bureau  of  Standards  of 
the  Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor.  To- 
gether with  it  is  included  "Tests  of  Damp- 
proofing  and  Waterproofing  Compounds  and 
Materials."  The  authors  are  Rudolph  J.  Wig 
and  P.  H.  Bates.  This  is  a  valuable  document 
which  continues  the  series  which  was  started 
by  the  Technologic  Branch  of  the  United 
States  Geological  Survey  at  the  structural  ma- 
terials testing  laboratories,  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
under  the  direction  of  Richard  L.  Humphrey. 
When  this  work  was  transferred  to  the  Bu- 
reau of  Standards.  July  1st.  1910,  the  unpub- 
lished data  was  delivered  to  this  Bureau. 

The  constituents  of  concrete  vary  in  absorp* 
tive  qualities,  porosity,  percentage  of  voids, 
and  surface  qualities.  These  constituents  may 
combine  in  numerous  ways  which  will  vary 
with  changes  in  consistency,  in  manner  of  plac- 
ing, in  the  stroke  of  the  tamper,  or  the  pres- 
sure of  the  trowel. 

The  investigations  reported  in  this  paper 
are  not  exhaustive.  They  cover  some  prev- 
iously uninvestigated  phases  of  this  important 
subject  and  are  contributory  to  our  present 
meager  knowledge. 

The  investigations  are  reported  in  two  parts. 
Part  I  comprises  the  results  of  a  series  of 
tests  on  11  different  mortars  and  23  concretes 
to  determine  their  permeability  at  various 
ages,  for  various  consistencies  and  thickness  of 
test  piece,  and  the  absorption  on  12  mortars 
at  various  ages  and  for  various  consistencies. 
Part  II  contains  the  results  of  a  series  of 
comparative  tests  of  40  compounds  and  sev- 
eral void-filling  materials  recommended  for 
use  or  advertised  as  "damp-proofing"  or 
"waterproofing"  mediums,  purchased  privately 
in  the  open  market. 

The  report,  with  its  many  statistical  tables 
and  illustrations,  is  one  that  should  be  of  value 
to  engineers  and  architects  who  are  making  a 
study  of  foundation  work  in  buildings,  and  the 
results  obtained  should  prove  profitable  infor- 
mation to  them. 


When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention   Architecture   and    Bulldlner. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Fireproofing   and   Fire-Protection 

MR.  G.  H.  STEWART 


NATIONAL  FIRE-PROTECTIOX  ASSOCIA- 
TION  16TH  ANNUAL  MEETING, 

In  the  auditorium  of  the  Insurance  Exchange. 
Jackson  Boulevard,  Chicago,  on  Tuesday, 
Wednesday  and  Thursday,  May  14,  IS  and  16,  the 
sixteenth  annual  meeling  of  the  National  Fire- 
Protection    Association    was   held. 

The  program  for  Tuesday  commenced  with 
the  morning  session  at  10  A.  M,,  and  after  the 
regular  business  was  concluded,  the  committee 
reports  were  considered.  The  afternoon  session 
opened  at  2  P.  M,.  with  messages  from  the 
Hon.  William  H.  Taft,  President  of  the  United 
States,  Hon.  Charles  S.  Deneen,  Governor  of 
Illinois,  and  Hon.  Carter  H.  Harrison,  Mayor  of 
Chreage,-  whkh  were  followed  by  an  address  by 
Mr.  E.  P.  Heaton.  of  Toronto,  Ontario,  the 
subject  of  which  was  "A  Call  from  Macedonia," 
and  another  paper  by  Mr.  Charles  H.  Fox  of 
Cincinnati  on  the  "Calibre  of  Fire  Streams." 

The  committees  reporting  Tuesday  were  those 
on  state  fire-prevention  associations,  George  R. 
Crossly,  Chairman;  private  fire  departments  and 
fire  drills,  J.  Albert  Robinson,  Chairman;  forest, 
brush  and  grass  fires,  E.  L.  Sanders.  Chairman ; 
mine  fires,  H.  M.  Wilson.  Chairman ;  high  pres- 


sure fire  service  systems,  H.  B.  Machen,  Chair- 
man; and  standard  hose  couplings  and  hydrant 
fittings  for  public  fire  service,  F.  M.  Griswold, 
Chairman, 

The  paper  presented  by  Mayor  Harrison  of 
Chicago  was  very  interesting  and  held  the  atten- 
tion of  the  gathering.  The  report  on  standard 
hose  couplings  and  hydrant  fittings  for  public  fire 
service  was  also  a  valuable  and  interesting  docu- 
ment from  the  standpoint  of  the  architect  and 
builder.  Mr.  Robinson's  report  on  private  fire 
departments  and  fire  drills  produced  a  long  dis- 
cussion. The  report  was  printed  and  presented 
at  the  meeting.  It  was  systematized  and  covered 
all  phases  of  the  subject.  To  ihe  factory  owner. 
or  any  large  employer  of  labor,  the  document  i.s 
valuable. 

The  program  for  Wednesday,  May  15,  was  de- 
voted exclusively  to  committee  reports  and  there 
was  a  very  large  attendance,  both  of  members 
and  visitors.  The  following  committees  re- 
Cold  storage  warehouses,  E.  P.  Boone,  Chair- 
man; automobile  garages,  F.  E.  Cabot,  Chair- 
(Canlinued  on  page  26) 


THREE  RECENT  INSTALLATIONS  OF 

The  Newman  Watchman's  Clock  System 


(lUuiIrated  In  this  Number) 


Fire   Companies   Building    (Continental) 

New  York,  N.  Y, 
W.  &  J.  Sloane  Company's  Building 

New  York,  N.  Y. 

Whitall  Tatum  Company's  Factory 

Keyport,  N.  J. 

Each    represents  the   latest    development    in 

design  and  building  construction. 


Why  not  investigate  the  merits  of  the  New- 
man— the  most  largely  used  Watchman's 
Clock  System  in  this  country? 


When  writlni 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


When  writing  Advertisers,  pies 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 

ROCKWOOD 

SAFEH  LOOP 

SPRINKLER 


•HOWINfl  STRINKLEH  W ■—-  —  —  ■ —^.—-- —  

IHE   TWO  HALVES   OF   THE  PART*   OF    THE    MLOOtED 

STRUT     SOLDERED     TO-  STRUT  SPRINQ  APART O/VL r 

QETHER  AFTER  THE  LUMP  OF  SOLD- 

ER IS  MELTeO  AWAY   mOM 
THE  LOOP. 


THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  UNIQUE  IN  THAT  THE  TWO  PARTS 
OF  THE  SOLDUIED  LINK  ARE  HELD  TOGETHER,  NOT  MERELY  BY  A 
SWEATED  SOLDERED  JOINT,  BUT  BY  COV»tlNG  THE  END  OF  THE 
LEVER  WITH  A  SMALL  PIECE  OF  SOLDER  WHICH  IS  MECHANICALLY 
BOUND  TO  THE  STRUT  BY  A  LOOP  OF  WIRE  RIVETED  THROUGH  ONE 
PART  OF  THE  LINK. 

THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  THE  ONLY  APPROVED  HEAD  THAT 
IS  INCAPABLE  OF  OPENING  ITSELF  BY  THE  BREAKING  OF  THE  SOLDERED 
JOINT,  WHICH  MUST  ABSOLUTELY  MELT  TO  OPEN.  IT  IS  THUS  IN  A 
CLASS   BY  ITSELF,  SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS. 


ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  CO. 

OF  MASSACHUSETTS 

MANUFACTURERS,  ENGINEERS    AND    CONTRACTORS  FOR  COM- 
PLETE SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENTS  USING  WET  OR  DRY  SYSTEMS. 

38  HARLOW  STREET  WORCESTER,  MASS. 


NEW   YORK  123  WILLIAM   STREET  CHICAGO  3M*  SOUTM  MOHOAN  STREET 

BOSTON  -  -  -  141  MILK  STREET  SEATTLE     -  -  •        201  COLUMBIA  SIREEI 

BUFFALO     -  MO  PRUDENTIAL  BUILDINO  MONTREAL  -      141  ST.  MAURICE  STREET 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDIXG. 


^^*^^i  Standard  Metal  Joist  Floor  Construction 

^m^    "i*  <lW^*L5(lfc^                    Total  dt-ad  load  per  square  foot,  28  lbs. 
J|^^^^|B            ^fh*J  """j'^^^^^i^^        client's  house  by  using  for  its  construction 

j^^^^^^>^^^hBK  BERGER'S  swjs^ 

^^M^^^J^^Q^^^^^BHBIUF^         the  BCKGER  MFG.  CO.,  CBDton.O. 

KALAMEIN 
WORK  IN 
COPPER 
BRONZE 

AND  IRON 

Knoburn 
Company 

KALAMEIN 
DOORS 

FIRE 

UNDERWRITER 

WORK 

A  SPECIALTY 

Office  and  Factory 

365   14th  St. 
HOBOKEN,  N.  J. 

ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Fire  Protection 


The    3IMMONS 
UNEafRieEcKiip- 


Fully  75»  o*  (myj  law  t*  t"- 


huildins  be  fnpaW  equipped  with 
the  "SIMMONS"  Speciilna  thoo- 
•ud>  ft  dollui  ■od  am  tta  would 
beBHd. 

Anfle  Hnae  Valvea 

Thn  ii  cr»c'iMll»  "He  ityBone  <i 
wfety  OD  ft  tfuwtpjpe  lyilenit  r^  how 
linle  •ncnrirn  k  p>id  to  hi  inUjldioii. 


Catalogues,  culi  and  ether  data  gladly  sent 
en  apptiration. 

John  Simmons  Co. 

2-110  Centre  St.,  New  York 


Mtft   Ifgbrii  Imnti-Priuifing  Sc   Enetnrrrttu   ( 

MiDiiacturen    of     W«ler-pf«J    PudLk  Coiwpli    mttA    Ccmi| 


Ota,  401  XCib.Ji  Building 


RcoCn 


«^BURGH.  PA 


eluding 


man ;  declric  railway,  light  and  power  proper- 
tics,  C.  H.  Patton,  Chairman ;  fire  prevention 
ordinances,  W.  E.  Mallalieu.  Chairman ;  stand- 
ards, W.  C.  Robinson,  Chairman;  automatic 
sprinklers.  E.  P.  Boone.  Chairman ;  fire  pumps. 
H.  O.  Lacount,  Chairman ;  private  fire  supplies 
from  public  mains.  E.  \'.  French,  Chairman ;  fire 
hose,  W.  C.  Robinson,  Chairman ;  and  hydrants 
and  valves,  H.  O.  Lacount.  Chairman. 

The  reports  on  cold  storage  warehouses,  auto- 
mobile garages,  automatic  sprinklers,  fire  pumps 
and  fire  hose,  were  of  particular  interest  from 
the  building  standpoint.  The  report  of  the  corn- 
standards  was  also  valuable.  A  great 
iterest  was  taken  in  the  series  of  fire 
1  ordinances  which  were  proposed,  in- 
1  fire  marshal  law,  regulations  foi 
explosives  and  inflammable  liquids. 
;  opposition  was  raised  by  the  paint,  oil 
and  varnish  people  to  some  of  their  provisions, 
and  the  entire  report  was  finally  referred  to  the 
executive  committee  with  power  to  act. 
The  following  resolutions  were  adopted : 

1.  Tlie  continued  encouragement  of  fire  resist- 
ive building  construction,  and  the  adoption  of 
suitable  building  codes  by  all  cities  and  towns. 

2.  The  rigorous  State  and  municipal  regula- 
tion of  the  transportation  and  storage  of  all  in- 
flammable oils  and  explosives  and  the  investiga- 
tion of  all   fires  by  public  officials. 

3.  The  especial  safeguarding  of  schools,  thea- 
tres, factories  and  all  other  places  in  which  num- 
bers of  people  congregate  or  are  employed, 

4.  The  adoption  of  the  automatic  sprinkler  sys- 
tem as  a  fire  extinguishing  agent  in  : " 
eial  establishments  and  city  blocks. 

5.  The  universal  adoption  and  use  of  the  & 

6.  A  safe  and  intelligent  celebralion  of  Inde- 
pendence Day. 

7.  Special  education  of  children  and  theif 
parents  in  habits  of  care  regarding  fire. 

THE  THIRD    SESSION 

The  program  for  Thursday,  May  16,  concluded 
the  committee  reports,  which  were  as  follows: 

Fireproof  construction,  including  concrete  and 
reinforced  concrete,  Ira  H.  Woolson.  Chairman: 
fire  protection  coverings  for  window  and  door 
openings,  W  .C,  Robinson,  Chairman;  gravity 
tanks,  Gorham  Dana,  Chairman;  manufacturing 
risks  and  special  hai^ards,  Benjamin  Richards, 
Chairman ;  electrical  committee  report,  F.  E. 
Cabot,    Chairman;    explosives    and    combustibles. 


>afety 


(Contiii'ied  on  pigr  2fi) 


G)iuoIidated  Chandelier  Co. 

MANUFACTFEEKS  Of 

Gas  and  Electric  Fixtures 


132-136  W.  14th  St. 

WhMl  writlDB  Advertlserc,  please  mention   Archltectur< 


NEW  Y<HtK  cmr 

I  Buiidinr 


ARCHITECTURE    ASD   BUILDING. 


The  Annual  Fire  Waste  Id  the  U.  S.  exceeds  $23O,MO,0H.     It  !■  estimated  that 
75%  of  tlfls  loss  la  preveatable  and  catt  be  saved  by  the  use  of 

AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  PROTECTION 

Our  business  Is  the  installation  of  Automatic  Sprinkler  protection;  a  complete 
fire  fighting  apparatus,  operating  auto  ma  tic  ally  and  only  where  the  fire  is  located. 

"AUTOMATIC"  SPRINKLER  CO.  OF  AMERICA 

Executive  Offices 

123  WILLIAM  STREET  (Underwriter  Bldg.),  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Department  Offices,  In  Large  Cities 


Thomas  Morton, 


169  Elm  Street, 


New  York. 


^^.rCbl.  ^      ASQU     pUilMC 

Champion  Metal      ^      OAOIl     UllAlllO. 


[tipion  Metal 
I  Champion 


CHAINS 


For  SMpMdiH  Huvy  Dtars.  Gates,  etc. 
*LL  If  SUPERIOW  BU*lin. 


CHEAP    AND 
EASILY  APPLIED 

United  States  Mineral  Wool  Co. 

140  CEDAR  STREET,  NEW  YORK 

SAMPLE3  FREE 


ARCHITECTURE    AND   BUILDING. 


JUST   PUBUSHED 

BOOKS  ON 
The  MANUAL  ARTS 

A  OESCRirTIVC  CATALOG 

A  VALUABLE  referent*  book.  Lists  and 
describes^  260  of  the  best  books  on  the 
manual  arts;  includes  all  the  standard  and  the 
best  of  the  recent  books. 

CMTTB  TH  Ml  M 


roBltlon      

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State    

THE  MANUAL  ARTS  PRESS 

PEORIA  ILLINOIS 


—  Wanted  Salesmen  ^ 

to  sell  new  toilet  fixture.  A  fine  side 
line.  Liberal  commissions.  Address 
with  references,  naming  territory  de- 
sired.     COLONIAL  SUPPLY  CO., 

Wheeling,  West  Virginia, 


Charles  A.  Hexamer,  Chairman,  The  first  two 
were  particularly  applicable  to  building  construc- 
tion and  were  closely  followed  by  the  architects 
and  builders  present. 

At  the  close  of  the  session  the  following  offi- 
cers were  elected ; 
President.  H,  L.  Phillips,  Hartford- 
Vice-President,   G.   M.    Robertson,    San   Fran- 
Secretary  and  Treasurer.  Franklin   H.  Went- 
worth,  Boston. 

Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee,  F.  J.  T. 
Stewart.  New  York. 

Members  of  the  Executive  Committee,  E.  B. 
Hatch,  Chicago;  E.  P.  Heaton,  Toronto;  R.  L. 
Humphrey.  Philadelphia;  C.  H,  Phinnel,  Boston; 
and  T.  B.  Sellers,  Columbus. 

Powell  Evans  of  Philadelphia,  representing  the 
commercial  organizations,  advocated  an  impor- 
tant change  in  regard  to  legislation  looking  to 
the  reduction  of  the  fire  waste.  He  said  that  the 
National  Fire- Protection  Association  had  done  a 
great  work,  but  had  not  begun  to  realize  all  its 
possibilities.  H  it  would  work  through  the  trade 
and  commercial  organization  in  its  membership 
and  use  their  influence  to  get  in  desirable  l^isla- 
tion  it  could  accomplish  a  great  deal  more  than 
was  now  possible. 

The  executive  committee  was  instructed  to  con- 
sider the  formation  of  a  committee  on  publicity 
and  legislation,  more  than  half  of  the  member- 
ship of  which  should  be  made  up  of  active  mem- 
bers of  the  National  Fire- Protection  Association, 
representing  trade  organizations. 

VISIT   TO  THE    UNDEHWEITEHS'   LABORATORIES 

On   Tliursday  afternoon,   part  of   the   program 

was  a  visit  to  the  Underwriters'  Laboratories  at 

(Continued  on  page  30) 


rltlng   Advertisers,   pies 


GORTON  WROUGHT  STEEL 

BOILERS  u«  bull  like  a  powar  boiler 

THEY  hate  the 


iiaUtlac  and  frMdotn  fi 


Bmd  fvreataloaandimntiffaU 
for  tuniTirir  lAcir  n^aioritti. 

Gorton  ft  Lidgerwood  Co. 

It  LIkntT  StTNl,  NEW  TOU 
Boston.  ISS  Hi(fa  lit. 
Chicaoo,  flibar  Bide- 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


LANE'S  TROLLEY 

Parlor  Door  Hangers  and  Track 

Ball  Bearings  machined  from  solid  steel  and  properly 
hardened— the  finest  bearing  obtainable. 
The  only  Trolley  Track  adjustable  sidewise  (pat- 
ented) after  equipment  is  installed,  thereby  relieving 
anyside  binding.  Sendforcatalog  telling  more  about 
this  excellent  hanger  for  modem  building. 

LANE  BROTHERS  COMPANY 

Riilroad  Avmue.  rOUOHIEEPSIE.  N.  Y. 


STANLEY'S 

Ball  Bearing  Hinges 


mit  the  doors  to  open  smoothly  and 
\y  without  creaking  or  binding. 
The  hinges  will  never  wear  down  or 
itre  oiling. 

NON-RISING  PINS 


Bankers  Bnilding  Bnrean 

BUREAU  OF  FACTOmCS 


Vank  SuiUiing  Cmtatructiim 

HUOHcnHM  Mi  MUfn  IF  cninfn 
BANK   INTERIORS 

Ml.  106  East  19th  St..  Hew  Tarii  CHy 


CORNICE.  Firei 
Skylights,  Metal 
Slate  and  Comp< 


Dixon's  Silica-Graphite  Paint 

Protects  the  structural  steel  work  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildings;  American 
Woolen  Company's  Building;  Gimbel  Department  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
ic  Trust  Company's  Building,  Savannah,  Ga. ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Con>- 
pany's  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  numerous  other  stmctures. 
fFriii  us  far  "  Nolaiit  "Building  List,"  and  ether  faint  literature 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jersey  aty,  n.  j. 


ttlriK  AdvertlBerfl,  plea 


30 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


T£L2PHOM£     885     HDBRAT     HlliX. 


Edwards  Electrical  Construction  Go. 

39  EAST  42d  STREET,  NEW  YORK 

FOBMSBLT  CONTBAGT  DEPARTMENT.  EDWABDS  k    CO.  ESTABLISHED  1873 


207  East  Ohio  Street,  Chicago.  The  program  of 
this  visit  included  inspection  of  the  departments 
of  electricity,  chemistry,  laboratory  service,  auto- 
matic sprinklers,  gases  and  oil,  and  protection 
department,  with  a  complete  examination  of  the 
entire  plant.  For  the  benefit  of  the  members  and 
guests  who  visited  the  laboratories,  tests  were 
made  of  a  metal  window  glazed  with  wire-glass, 
and  of  a  three-gallon  chemical  extinguisher. 
Both  gave  satisfactory  performance.  Consider- 
able discussion  was  held  by  different  parties, 
notably  the  fire  chiefs,  as  to  the  value  of  va- 
rious appliances,  all  commending  highly  the  auto- 
matic  sprinklers. 

The  laboratory  buildings  cover  now  nearly  the 
whole  site,  with  the  new  two-story  addition. 
They  are  the  most  complete  for  work  of  this 
kind  probably  of  any  in  the  world  and  the  man- 
agers have  every  reason  to  be  proud  of  the 
growth  and  progress  of  the  work. 

N.    F.    p.    A.    MEMBERSHIP. 

The  growth  in  membership  of  the  National 
Fire-Protection  Association  shows  the  progress 
of  the  national  movement  for  the  prevention  of 
fire  and  the  increased  activity  to  further  better 
building.  The  following  table  shows  the  increase 
from  May  1,  1911,  to  May  1,  1912: 

1911  1912 

Active    92  101 

Associate    1,216  1,479 

Subscribing    644  832 

Honorary    3  


1,955  2,412 

At  the  convention  a  membership  curve  was  dis- 
tributed which  showed  the  growth  from  the 
time  of  the  organization  of  the  society  in  1897, 
with  the  predicted  future  increase  through  the 
following  year.  The  first  twelve  years  of  the 
association's  life  showed  a  slow  but  gradual 
growth.  In  1909  the  public  educational  cam- 
paign was  begun  and  in  the  three  following  years 
the  membership  has  doubled.  There  is  unques- 
tionably great  value  in  publicity  and  with  the 
increased  popular  effort,  the  association  has 
grown  two-fold  and  the  results  of  its  work  have 
multiplied  boundlessly. 


ANOTHER  TEST. 
On  the  occasion  of  the  convention  a  series  of 


practical  tests  were  conducted  at  the  testing  sta- 
tion of  the  National  Fi reproofing  Company  at 
26th  Street  and  Shields  Avenue,  Chicago.  Archi- 
tects, engineers  and  builders  were  invited.  The 
tests  were  on  the  bearing  qualities  of  walls  of 
different  construction — hollow  tile,  concrete,  etc. 
One  test  of  a  Monarch  hollow  tile  block  wall 
8  inches  in  thickness,  36  inches  long  and  12  feet 
high,  built  in  accordance  with  the  Chicago  build- 
ing code,  was  tested  to  failure  at  257^4  tons. 
The  results  for  the  tests  were  satisfactory.  We 
understand  that  detailed  reports  of  these  tests 
will  be  available. 


THE    FIRE    DRILL    AND    EQUIPMENT. 

An  Interview  With  Mr,  W.  Gerald  Hawes  of 

THE  John  Simmons  Co. 

While  we  all  know  that  the  checking  of  a  great 
fire  devolves  more  or  less  upon  the  efficiency  of 
the  fire  equipment,  yet  in  many  instances,  assum- 
ing that  the  equipment  is  satisfactory,  how  many 
building  employees  are  capable  of  handling  this 
fire  line  at  the  first  alarm? 

While  in  almost  every  instance  the  supervision 
of  the  equipment  is  in  the  hands  of  engineer  or 
superintendent,  yet  how  many  of  these  men  will 
expend  even  a  little  of  their  time  now  and  then  to 
see  if  it  is  in  proper  working  condition :  whether 
there  exist  any  defects  caused  by  previous  opera- 
tion or  from  lack  of  use? 

On  the  other  hand,  while  the  workings  of  this 
equipment  are  understood  by  engineer  or  super- 
intendent, yet  how  many  building  employees  are 
drilled  to  handle  it  efficiently  at  the  critical  mo- 
ment ? 

In  fact,  to  most  of  them,  it  is  merely  a  thing 
to  be  looked  at,  or  worse  still,  their  idea  of 
handling  it  is  to  grab  the  nozzle  and  run  toward 
the  fire  zone,  forgetting  to  turii  on  the  valve, 
tangling  the  hose  and  causing  the  loss  of  valua- 
ble time  at  the  beginning  of  the  fire. 

The  leading  fire  authorities  advocate  as  a  rem- 
edy for  this  a  systematic  drill  to  be  held  at  least 
once  every  month,  together  with  explanations  to 
the  various  building  employees  of  the  working 
of  the  apparatus  This  should  do  much  to  in- 
sure the  proper  handling  of  fire  lines  when  a  fire 
{Continued  on  page  22) 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


Mataiiid  and  work  the  standard  for  14  years.    Our  reputation  the  best  posilhre 

eridence  as  to  eur  superiority. 

CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO.,      -    -     32M27  East  94th  St,  NEW  YORK 

When   writing   Advertisers,    please    mention    Arcliltecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURI-.    AND    BVILDING- 


General  Specifications  for 
Concrete  Work 

Aa  Applied  to  BDlldlntf  ConstrnctloD 

By  WILBUR  J.  WATSON,  C.  E. 


tor  reinlorced  concrete  bnildinEB,   and  it 
will    be  found    especially    useful     in   the 
preparation  of  competitive  deeigos. 
Paper,  price.  SO.90 


General  Specifications  for 
Concrete  Bridiies 

By  WILBOR  J.  WATSON,  C.  E. 

Theee  flpeciBcatione  will  meet  an  actual 
need  of  the  profesflion,  and  moat  o(  the 
ideas  represented  were  gained  by  actuxl 
experience  of  the  author,  to  whicn  he  tins 
addedsuRgeationBof  otherengineere.  ThoB<! 

Ereparing  such  specific atioue  will  find  the 
ook  most  helpfnl. 

Paper,  price,  Sl-OO 


Badger  Quality 

Copper  Hot  Water 

BOILERS 

are  all   that   can  be  de- 
sired in  a  Range  Boiler. 

LONG  LIFE 
CLEAN  WATER 

Beaotifiil  Appearance 

Every  boiler  is  tinned  on 

the  inside  and  guaranteed 

against  leakage  or  coUapse. 

IFrile  for  Catalog 

L  B.  Badger  &  Sons  Co. 

BOSTON,  U.  S.  A. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


THE  SNOW  GUARD  ALLOWING 

NO    STRAIN     ON    THE     SLATE 

WHY  NOT  SEE  IT  ? 

A  postal  card  will  bring  sample 

Fibno  Snow  CnnI  Co.  "^VISl  ■«£.*"" 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

Flag  Poles 


Fittings 

Etc. 

Send  for  Catalogue 


THOS.W.JONES 


lU^Aone  Ooatuation 


ARTHUR  GREENFIELD.i-coipor*i»d 

REINFORCED  CONCRETE  FLOORS 
IRON  FURRING  ud  METAL  LATHING 

204  EAST  2«tb  ST. 


PRENTISS  ^<i^* 

f  CLOCKS ' 

i^  Bapt  II.  n  ChuDben  SL.  N.Y.       ^ff^ 


alarm  is  sounded.  Nol  only  this,  but  the  owners 
of  buildings  should  insist  on  their  engineers  or 
superiniendenis  makii^  a  personal  inspection  of 
the  fire  equipment,  irrespective  of  that  maintained 
by  the  Board  of  Underwriters.  Besides  money 
and  time  losses,  we  must  not  forget  that  the  all- 
important  element  of  fire  equipment  is  ils  purpose 
of  safeguarding   human  life. 

An  idea  is  fast  gaining  ground  of  installing 
two  lire  lines  in  a  building  with  outlets  on  each 
floor.  By  this  is  meant  that  at  one  end  of  the 
floor  there  is  still  mainiained  the  2'/]"  hose  line 
which  is  to  be  used  mainly  by  the  fire  department 
when  they  enter  the  building  or  as  an  auxiliary 
by  competent  persons ;  as  in  most  instances,  to 
handle  this  line  and  obtain  the  best  results,  es- 
pecially if  under  high  pressure,  it  would  have  to 
be  in  the  hands  of  two  building  employees.  The 
other  line  is  to  consist  of  V/i"  hose  with  nozzle, 
which  is  reduced  through  the  agency  of  a  2>1" 
outlet  from  the  4"  standpipe.  This  outfit  is  so 
simple  that  at  the  slightest  alarm  anyone  on  the 
flour  can  run  to  this  station,  turn  on  the  valve, 
take  the  nozzle  and  run  toward  the  fire  zone. 
This  seems  a  very  fair  solution  of  a  hose  equip- 
ment for  a  large  building,  which  may  be  used  bjl 
anyone  before  the  arrival  of  the  fire  department 
or  the  drilled  building  employees. 

It  is  also  a  great  point  in  remember  that  no 
matter  how  well  you  are  protected  against  fire, 
you  should  immediately  turn  in  an  alarm  upon 
the  slightest  sign  of  fire.  In  a  great  many  in- 
stances a  conflagration  is  caused  by  ihe  independ- 
ence of  building  employees.  This  should  never 
be  countenanced  and  instructions  should  be  given 
thai  no  matter  how  small  the  bla/e  may  be,  an 
alarm  should  be  immediately  turned  in.  This  in 
itself  might  save  thousands  of  dollars  and  no  end 
of  trouble  that  is  caused  afterwards. 

Tn  obtain  these  good  results  universally,  we 
must  nol  only  have  the  co-operation  of  factory 
and  building  owners,  but  we  must  also  have  their 
support  from  a  moral  standpoint.  They  should  at 
no  time  consider  fire  eqtiipment  from  a  monetary 
standpoint,  for  the  best  is  none  too  good  when 
It  comes  to  purchasing  material  of  this  sort. 

It  should  also  be  more  generally  known  that 
the  Underwriters'  and  In.surancc  Exchange  will 
gladly  furnish  any  information  gratis  as  to  the 
specification  and  installation  of  fire  equipment.  In 
addition  to  this,  information  on  this  subject  will 
he   willingly  given  by   Mr.   Hawcs. 

(CoHlinued  an  page  34) 


iTltlnK  Advertise 


e  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Ar^^a>iBBiu«nth»iddtaTMUiite  £VANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BOLTS 

WITH  DOUBLE,  END  GR.IP  EXPANSION 

Conmucted  on  NEW  line*.      Grip  a.t  BOTH  ENDS,  and  on  ALL 

aides.     Cannot  worL  loose. 

ISSi!!.'" F.  H.  EVANS  (,J,tSSi£J>3i^i^tw,<iSt'°Sr«i,U^II.1. 


It  Van  Dora's  Steel  Joist  Hanger  J 

^^  IS  THE  BEST  OBTAINABLE  ^^ 

7,^  Send  tor  CBtiloguc  and  icter  to  thii  Ma«>siui  -  ■^•~ 

n  THE  VAN  DOKN  IRON  WORKS  CO.  ^1 

"■.^  1                                        CLEVELAND.  OHIO  '  in 

".•^  I  Steel  Buildings,  Wrought  Iron  Fencing,  Iron  Bridges,  Jail  aJid  '     B 

^  Prison  Work,  Metallic  Office  Furniture,  etc                        -      _  -  J 


BOYD    EQUIPMENT    COMPANY 

COKJTIlACnNG    ENGINEEH5 

HEATINO  PLUMBING  ELECTRIC 

COMPLETE  POWER  PLANTS  373  FouMh  Avenue,  NEW  YORK 


The  A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co. 

Main  Office:  220  Broadway,  New  York 


IUBdIUIdi 


FARRAND'S  SELF-CLINCHING  NAILS 

Th«e  Nail*  fasten  dirert  to  Hollow  Tile  and  save  the  time,  eapena 
of  preparinit  Pjrepn»(  Walla  to  receive  Nailing  G^ound^      They  do  awar 

AlM.'used  for  aslaclXiglalures  to  all  t jtks  of  finiahed  hollow  walS^"" 

SELP-CLINCHING  NAIL  COMPANY,  44  N.  Fourth  St.,  PbUadelphIa,  Pa 


HAND  POWER  ELEVATORS 

With  machine!  having  shafts  running  on  roller  bearings  and  all  bearings  EU|iported  by  iron  frames,  making 
them  easy  running,  strong  and  durable.     Can  be  installed  at  small  cost  and  make  all  floor  apace  available. 

ELECTRIC  ELEVATORS,  DUMBWAITERS,  CELLAR  HOISTS 

Catalog  and  Prices  upon  request.  J.    G.    SPEIDEL,    Reading,    Pa. 


Fburwak  E^levator  Company^ 

I  Incorporated  | 

i  Hand  and  PoWer  Elevators  and  DnmbWaiters  D 

I  of  EVers  Vaseriptlon  | 

jfc      Fhoo«  84A3  Cortlandt  216  FULTON  STREET.  NCW  YORK      iB 

When   wrltinB  AdvertlBers,   please  mention   Architecture   and   Building' 


34 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Electrical  Contractors  for 

MECHANICS'  BANK 

illustrated  in  this  issue 


STEVENS  &  WAFER 

Electrical  Contractors 

121  Court  Street  NEW  HAVEN,  CONNECTICUT 


"THE     FUNCTION      OF     A      FIREPROOF 
BUILDING  IS  TO  PROTECT  THE  CON- 
TENTS    OF     THAT     BUILDING 
FROM  LOSS." 

"It  is  not  enough  that  a  building  should  be 
incombustible,  nor  even  that  its  steel  frame 
should  be  safely  insulated,  nor  that  the  incom- 
bustible members  or  decorations  should  be  of  a 
nature  not  easily  damaged  by  fire,  desirable  as 

all  these  things  are;  but  the  house  should  be 
se-  arranged  that  only  a  small  portion  of  the 
inflammable  contents  can  be  damaged  by  fire  or 
water  at  any  one  time,  and  also  that  the  lives  of 
the  occupants  of  the  house  may  be  safe.  For  the 
accomplishment  of  this  result,  three  things  are 
absolutely  necessary:     1st,  The  building  should 

be  divided  into  as  small  sections  as  possible.  2d, 
Appliances,  preferably  automatic  sprinklers, 
should  be  provided  for  extinguishing  small  fires 
in  contents.  3d.  Means  of  quick  escape  should 
be  provided  for  the  occupants." 

"The  subject  of  fire  escapes  is  being  given  a 
great  deal  of  attention  at  present,  and  properly 
so,  the  very  best  and  safest  means  of  getting  peo- 
ple out  of  burning  buildings  should  be  provided, 
but  after  all.  that  method  of  settling  the  problem 
is  a  good  deal  like  avoiding  an  epidemic  of  dis- 
eases in  a  town  by  providing  good  railroad  ser- 
vice in  which  to  get  away.  That  should  be  only 
a  last  resort,  and  the  most  serious  thought  should 
be  given  to  means  of  curing  the  trouble  at  its 
root.  In  the  case  of  fireproof  buildings,  as  above 
stated,  the  thing  to  be  borne  in  mind  is,  that  the 
function  of  a  fireproof  building  is  to  protect  its 
contents  from  loss,  which  can  be  done  only  by 
dividing  the  house  into  as  small  sections,  both 
vertically  and  horizontally,  as  its  normal  use  will 
permit,  then  to  provide  adequate  extinguishing 
devices  and  lastly  safe  means  of  escape." — Report 
of  Committee  on  Fireproof  Construction — includ- 
ing concrete  and  reinforced  concrete.  E.  T. 
Cairns,  Chairman.  The  fifteenth  annual  meeting 
of  the  National  Fire  Protection  Association. 


As  an  expression  of  purpose  in  a  broad  sense, 
this  quotation  from  Mr.  Cairns'  paper  last  year 
represents  the  underlying  thought  of  almost  every 
one  who  is  trying  to  reduce  our  national  fire  loss. 
To  architects  and  architectural  engineers,  who  as 
a  class  control  by  far  the  largest  proportion  of 
the  money  expended  in  building  each  year  in  the 
United  States,  the  value  of  the  eflForts  that  are 
being  put  forth  by  the  National  Fire  Protection 
Association  and  its  influential  membership,  is  so 
threat  that  it  cannot  be  ignored. 


To  the  man  who  makes  building  his  profession, 
knowledge  of  modern  methods  of  fire  prevention, 
both  in  materials  and  in  fire-extinguishing  appa- 
ratus, is  so  essential  that  neglect  of  the  valuable 
data  which  is  his  for  the  asking  means  self-elim- 
ination from  the  field. 

To  the  man  who  owns  the  property  the  value 
of  such  information  is  greatest,  for  in  the  end 
he  is  the  man  who  pays  the  bills,  the  insurance 
premiums,  and  suffers  the  losses.  He  has  reached 
a  period  of  enlightenment,  and  he  is  demanding 
a  better  building  for  himself,  realizing  that  econ- 
omy does  not  always  exist  in  minimum  first  cost 


AN   ENTERPRISING  SUGGESTION. 

We  all  like  cheerful  ideas.  They  promote  good 
fellowship,  success,  and  good  business.  This 
thought  seems  to  have  been  the  underlying  mo- 
tive which  induced  the  Newman  Clock  Com- 
pany to  issue  a  souvenir  bill  folder  for  distri- 
bution at  the  National  Fire- Protection  Associa- 
tion meeting  just  held.  This  little  leather  folder 
contained  within  a  greenback  program  giving 
the  events  of  the  convention.  So  much  for  the 
make-up  of  the  folder.  We  are  more  inter- 
ested in  the  spirit  of  the  gift.  It  is  a  hint  to 
everyone  to  fill  the  folder  up;  a  prediction  of 
prosperity  and  success,  provided  you  install  a- 
Newman  watchman's  clock  system  in  your  fac- 
tory. 

Newman  watchman's  clock  safeguards  the  Un- 
derwriters'  Laboratories   in   Chicago. 


The  Vitrolite  Company  which  manufactures  a 
white  sanitary  product  for  wainscoting  and  other 
structural  use,  have  located  their  Eastern  office 
in  the  Fifth  Avenue  Building,  New  York. 


CONSTRUCTION  NEWS 


Contimoton,  Material  Men,  BvI2<iers»  M^».«- 
f actnrers,  in  fact  Anybody  interested  in  GonetroetloB 
News  of  all  kinds,  obtain  from  our  daily  reports  Qnlek 
Reliable  Infonnation.  Otur  speelal  correspondents  all 
over  the  ooontrr  enable  as  to  give  onr  patrons  the  news  in 
advance  of  their  competitors  and  before  It  has  become 
common  properly.  .... 

Let  ns  know  what  yon  want  and  we  will  send  yon  samples 
and  anote  yon  prices. 

PRESS  CLIPPINGS 

Press  Clippings  on  any  subject  from  all  the  leadincenr- 
rent  newspapers,  magazines,  trade  and  technical  journals 
of  the  United  States  and  Canada.  Pnbllo  9peak«rs» 
Writers,  Students  and  Clnb  Women,  can  secure  re- 
liable data  for  speeches,  essays,  debates,  etc.  Special 
facilities  for  serving  Trade  and  Glass  Jonmals,  Ball* 
roads  and  large  industrial  corporations. 

The  United  States  Press  CUppln< 

1326-1334  Republic  Building 
State   and   Adams  Sts..   Chicago,   lU. 


When  writing  Advertisers,   please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


HIGGINS' 


TAURINE  MUdLAQE 
THOTO  MOUNTER  PASTE 
lORAWIHa  BOARD  PAST! 
UQUIO  PASTE 

orncc  PASTE 

iVEQETARLE  OLUE,  Eto. 

Are  Um  FMctt  wHi  Beit  hkt 

Emancipsle  yourself  from  the __.  _ 

the  Hlulni'   lOka  aad^  Adhedm.     Tbf 

•Fill  be  s  levelBtion  to  you,  they  are  so  Bwee 
dean  and  well  put  up. 


CHAS.  M.  HIGGINS  &  CO^  Mfra. 

271  Niath  SbmmX  Braoklyn.  N.  T. 


SELF-LUBBICATINO 
Rotary  Screw 
VENTILATORS 

Whloh  Prodoea  a 

VACUUM  BY  ROTATION 

Ssiok^  C^lm^iTyi  .^r  D  nu(h  > 
Kaild/n  c"i,' OnenhoD  ■•  •!  "bo- 

E.  O.  WASBBUBNE  &  CO. 

MANUFACniREKS 

a09  FULTON  ST..  NEW  YOU 

Telephoae.  JUt  OorUind 
•r  Send  (or  ItlaitnMd  CInnlar 


Work  Shops 


BARIIES' FOOT  POWER 
MACHINERY 


allow  le 


T  blda  ' 


fflTa  vreater  profit 
EaoUiwai 

OatdUigiit  trtt 

W.  t.  i  John  Barnes  Co. 

m  Rakr  SlTMI.       ImUoH.  IU. 


nmn  ikht  wmh  of  mn  lEiciBPnn 

OlBcc-   202  Monitor  St.,       Brooklyn,  N.  T, 

Arohiteciuie   und  Building. 


S6 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


©imklmg-ArmBtrnng  ®^rra  (Hntte  ©0* 

Manufacturers  of  Architectural  Terra  Cotta 
in  all  COLORS  and  Finishes  and  Voly chrome 

IRattt  f&f&ct,  91rUali(l|tl|ia«  ^il  Nm  fork  <9£fi(^.  1 U5  Vrnaikiiiatf 

The  Terra  Cotta  for  Maryland  Casualty  Co,  Buildings  illustrated 

in  this  issue y  was  manufactured  by  us. 


Industrial  Progress 

AN  ESSAY  ON  ARCHITECTURE. 

Bulletin  No,  176  of  the  University  of  Texas 
contains  an  essay  entitled  "Academic  Training 
in  Architecture,"  which  was  written  by  Hugo 
Franz  Kuehne,  Adjunct  Professor  of  Architec- 
ture in  that  university.  The  essay  is  an  appeal 
for  a  wider  knowledge  of  architecture  among 
people  in  general.  Following  an  introductory 
appeal,  it  treats  under  subheads  of  technique; 
composition  and  design;  history;  and  construc- 
tion and  practice. 


THE  WHITNEY  COMPANY. 
The  Whitney-Steen  Co.,  engineers,  contractors 
and  builders,  of  1  Liberty  Street,  have  assumed 
the  corporate  title  of  the  Whitney  Company.  Mr. 
A.  R.  Whitney,  Jr.,  is  President  and  Treasurer; 
Mr.  T.  Eckford  Rhoades,  Vice  President,  and  Mr. 
Arthur  J.  Henchey  is  Secretary  and  a  director. 


ANNOUNCEMENT  IN  CONNECTION 
WITH  A  RECENT  CONTRACT. 

The  Federal  Terra  Cotta  Company  has  re- 
cently secured  the  contract  for  furnishing  the 
Architectural  Terra  Cotta  to  be  employed  in  the 
30-story  loft  building  now  in  course  of  erection 
by  the  owner,  Edward  West  Browning,  at  110 
and  112  West  40th  Street,  from  plans  by 
Buchman  &  Fox,  architects.  This  building  is 
unique  in  many  features,  notably  its  unusual 
height  on  the  comparatively  small  ground  area, 
of  approximately  a  fifty- foot  front  with  a  depth 
of  one  hundred  feet. 

White  full  glaze  architectural  terra  cotta  is 
to  be  used  on  all  four  fronts,  which  is  a  decided 
departure  in  this  character  of  building  operation. 

Other  prominent  contracts  in  process  of  exe- 
cution by  the  Federal  Company  are: 

Emmet  Building,  29th  St.  and  Madison  Ave., 
Barney  &  Colt,   architects. 

Eagle  Building.  21st  St.  and  Fourth  Ave.,  War- 
ren &  AA'etmore,  architects. 


Longacre  Theatre,  48th  St.,  Henry  B.  Herts, 
architect. 

The  Times  Annex,  West  43d  St.,  Buchman  & 
Fox,  architects. 

The  Gilchrist  Store,  Boston,  Bigelow  &  Wads- 
worth,  Architects. 

Carlton  Hotel,  Montreal,  Warren  &  Wetmore, 
architects. 


REMOVAL  NOTICE. 

The  John  Polachek  Bronze  &  Iron  Company, 
who  are  workers  in  architectural  bronze  and  iron, 
making  a  specialty  of  bank  interior  construction, 
announce  the  removal  of  their  offices  and  works 
from  144  Clay  Street,  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  to 
480-94  Hancock  Street,  and  577-91  Boulevard, 
Long  Island  City.  The  necessity  for  the  enlarge- 
ment of  their  plant  caused  the  change. 


BUILDING   TRADES   ASSOCIATION    OF- 
FICERS. 

The  annual  election  of  officers  of  the  Building 
Trades  Employers*  Association  was  held  in  the 
rooms,  30  West  Thirty-third  Street,  last  week. 
C.  G.  Norman,  the  retiring  Chairman  of  the  Board 
of  Governors,  was  presented  with  a  gold  watch 
and  fob. 

These  officers  were  elected:  President,  William 
Crawford;  Firse  Vice  President,  F.  G.  Weber; 
Second  Vice  President,  Edwin  Outwater,  and 
Treasurer,  A.  N.  Chambers.  William  J.  Holmes 
continues  as  Secretary.  Charles  J.  Kelly  was 
chosen  to  succeed  Mr.  Norman  as  Chairman  of 
the  Board  of  Governors. 


ANNUAL  MEETING  OF  THE  JOSEPH 
DIXON   CRUCIBLE  COMPANY. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  stockholders  of 
the  Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Company,  held  at  the 
company's  main  office  in  ejrsey  City,  N.  J.,  Mon- 
day, April  15,  the  retiring  board  of  directors, 
consisting  of  Geo.  T.  Smith,,  William  Murray, 
Edward  L.  Young,  William  H.  Corbin,  Geo.  E. 

{Continued  on  page  38) 


When  writing  Advertlsera,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Monument  Plaster  Co. 

MunifacMnn  of 

WALL  PLASTER  and 
ORIENTAL  STUCCO 


Office  and  Factoir,  HARRISON,  N.  J. 


1.  South    Oranse.    N.    J. 


The  Literature  of 
Structures 


Framed  Stradnm  and  Oirdera 

By  EdgHt  Marburg.     Vol.    I.— 
StreuM— Part  I„Ocl,.  ,1911.    MO 


Kinetic  Theoiy  o( 
En^eerioc  StraclnreB 

By  David  A.    Molitor.    3M  pi 


Wallt,  Bine  and  Grain  Elenton 

By  Milo  S.  Ketchum.  II  ed.. 
Nov..  leil.  fi56  pp.,  S4.00  (I7s). 
A  new  book.    It  la  again  the  iland- 

Steel  HiU  Baildi 


liofa 


Hl|hwa;  Bridfci 

By  the  SaiHE  Authi 
M.OO  llTs),  Coveri 
steel  and  wooden  bridi 


Poll  SALE    BV 


THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  CO.,  23  Warren  St.,New York 


When  writing;  AdvertlierB,  please  msDUoD  Architecture  and   Bulldlns- 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDIXG. 


LATE  BOOKS 


CONSTRUCTIVE  CAKPENTBY. 


A    PRACTICAI. 


:    AND    BOT- 


THB  KINGDOM  OF  DI7BT. 


Long,  William  G.  Bums  led  and  Harrj'  Dai  ley 
were  unanimoulsy   re-elected. 

Officers  elected  for  the  ensuing  year  are  as 
follows:  President,  Geo.  T.  Smith;  vice-presi- 
dent, W.  H.  Corbin ;  treasurer.  Geo.  E.  Long ; 
secretary,  Harry  Dailey;  assistant  treasurer  and 
assistant  secretary,  J.   H.   Schermerhom. 

There  were  voted  9,304  shares  of  a  total  of 
10,000  .  A  number  of  stockholders  attended  the 
meeting  and  expressed  themseh'es  as  well  pleased 
with  the  Company's  showing  and  with  future 
prospects. 

THE  GORTON  WROUGHT  STEEL 
BOILERS. 
The  Gorton  wrought  steel  boilers  are  upright, 
tubular  boilers  built  on  the  lines  of  power  boil- 
ers, thus  securing  the  greatest  strength,  durabil- 
ity and  highest  efficiency.  The  boiler  shell  is 
especially  designed  to  secure  the  largest  amount 
of  efficient  heating  surface,  which  is  about  one- 
third  more  per  square  foot  of  grate  than  thai  of 
any  other  boiler.  The  tubes  are  spaced  so  as  to 
give  the  free  and  rapid  circulation  of  water 
■  properly  absorb  the  heat.  .\s  the 
shell  is  directly  over  the  fire,  it  receives 


HAND  FOBOINO  AND  WROUOHT-IRON  ORNAHKN- 


HEIN FORCED   CONCRETE   BOILDINOS 


WOOD  AND  FOREST. 


!■  ILLUMINATION. 


.VERTS  AND  SSn'KRS. 


CONSTRUCTION  CONCRETE  PORCHES 


THE  WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO. 

23  Warren  Street  NEW  YORK 


the  benefit  of  all  of  the  heat  generated  from  the 
coal,  which  gives  highest  fuel  economy. 

Another  feature  of  the  Gorton  wrought  steel 
boiler  is  the  self-feeding  coal  reservoir.  This 
performs  the  duty  of  an  experienced  fireman  in 
supplying  coal  to  the  fire,  keeping  a  bright,  sharp 
fire  over  the  entire  surface  of  the  grate,  and 
furnishing  a  constant  supply  of  heat  for  twelve 
hours  without  attention  in  the  coldest  weather. 

The  new  line  of  Gorton  wrought  steel  boilers 
are  made  up  in  thirty*four  sizes  for  steam,  rang- 
ing in  capacity  from  390  up  to  6.000  square  leet; 
they  are  also  made  in  thirty-four  sizes  for  hot 
water,  ranging  in  capacity  from  600  up  to  9,800 


squ; 


■  feet. 


These  facts  and  other  information  covering 
Gorton  wrought  steel  boilers  arc  set  forth  in 
detail  in  the  ne  wcatalog,  "'Modern  House  Heat- 
ing," which  will  be  mailed  free  on  application  to 
the  manufacturers,  the  Gorton  &  Lidgerwood 
Co.,  %  Liberty  Street,  New  York. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


39 


"FLEXIFOLD 


» 


ROLLING    PARTITIONS 


For 


Churches 

Schools 
Parish  Houses 
Lodge  Buildings 


Grant  Pulley  and  Hardware  Co. 

3  West  29th  St.,  New  York  City 

Descriptive    Circular     and     Estimates    Upon    Application 


THE    NORTHWESTERN 
TERRA-COTTA  COMPANY 

MANUFACTURERS       OF 

ARCHITECTURAL 
TERRA-COTTA 

GLAZED    AND    ENAMELED 
WORK    IN   ALL  VARIETIES 

ESTIMATES    GIVEN    ON    APPLICATION 


Main   Office  and  Works:    1000  Clybourn  Avenue        /^HICAGO 
Branch    Office:     1415    Railway    Exchange        ^^  i  l  l  i  n  o  i  s 


When   writing  Advertisers,   please  mention   Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


HOTEL  TAFT 

NEW  HAVEN,  CONN. 

F.   tSr.  JJndrtwa    Co.,   Ajcbileda 

TRIMMINGS  IN 

WHITE    MATT    GLAZ 
TERRA    COTTA 

MANUFACTURED  BY 

111  BROADWAY 
NEW  YORK  CtTY 


Architectural    Tarra  Cotta     i«    ttie    Logii 
MatBrial    for     Hotel    Construction,  as   it 

ABSOLUTELY     FIREPROC 


VITROLITEr  Used  as  WAINSCOTING 


Hu«hcta»d  «iul  mroidud  by  THE  VITSOLITE  COMPANY,  Parkersborg,  W.  Va. 

Kulen  RnrCMdUllTt.  OEOHE  A.  OXONNOI.  FiHh  At«id>  BbUUdi.  Dw  Tert 


When   writing   i 


mtion  Arctiltecture 


M    •.   OOHMCU. 


ts\ 


IBWAIItt   MOWON 


GSi 


ENqiNEERS    a-   CONTRACTORS 
I.  U  M  B  I  N  O     '     H  E  A  TING  I.  I   O  H  T  I  N  Qj 


PROMINENT  CONTRACTS 

WOOLWORTH    BUILDING 

MUNICIPAL    BUILDING 

BANKERS'    TRUST    BUILDING 

80    MAIDEN    LANE    BUILDING 

NEW    POS.T    OFFICE,    WASHINGTON 

RICE    INSTITUTE,    HOUSTON,   TEXAS 

PLAZA    COPLEY    HOTEL,    BOSTON 

INSANE    ASYLUM,    SCHUYLKILL    HAVEN,    PA. 

SECOND    NATIONAL    BANK,    NEW    HAVEN,    CONN. 


JUST  PUBLISHED 

The  Principles  of  Architectural  Design 

By  PERCY  L.  MARKS,  A«chiiect 

ConUiuing  1S6  full-page  tod  Other  text  UliutnUIoiu. 
m»  werfc  fa  Tetjr  fnllr  lUnetntad  and  will  be  loDud  a  great  aid  to  the  arohiteot  or  Btadaal  of 
aretalloetand  daoiga. 

Onm  larg9  8vo  voiamm.    Cloth,  price  $4.50, 

THE  WnUAM  T.  COHSTOCK  COHPANT,  rdbker,  23  Wtnen  Street,  NewTok 


SWITCHBOARDS  and  PANELS 

Marked  "Metropolitan" 


An  the  But  that  Can  be  Produced 

Azchitects,  Engineers  and  Owners  specify 
Metropolitan  Detachable  Mechanism  Flush 
Switches  and  Receptacles  for  their  high  class 
buildings.    The  most  up  to  date  appliances. 


IM  Sirat  ul  Eari  AnaK,  L  L  Ckr 


Sanitary 
Engineering  0/ 
Buildings 

A  Standard  Book  on  Sanltatloa 
By  Wm.  Paol  Gerhard,  G.  B. 
Goniulttng  En^eer  tw  Sanltaiy  W«fc 

THIS  prtcdol  wori:  takn  up  ths  nJi)eet  of 
mutation  of  buildinEt,  devoting  connder- 
thlt  ipace  to  the  tnp«  ud  ijntemi  of 
tnppii^  to  the  dntimge  and  temngt  of  build- 
ingi,  diffemit  clanci  of  idumlMaE  uoutm,  Ae 
tuutarf  work  in  tenement  hoiuei,  improved 
Dietbod*  of  houM  diaiiMce  and  putiic  bnili&ip. 
Alio  th«  nnititioii  in  fi^toric*  and  workibmit. 
The  work  ii  fully  tUuitiBted  and  will  be  found  of 
value  both  to  uchitecti  ind  enginecn.  TIk 
chapterdcvotedtoSIMPLIFIED  PLUMBING 
METHODS  ii  conndetcd  by  many  one  of  the 
belt  In  the  book. 

1S1  fagei,  103  tllmjtratitMt  Mul  . 
lix  plaM.      Vutkram,   tS.O0. 

The  Wm.  T.  Conutock  Company 


Standard  Plunger 
Eleyators 

*rg  iartilliiil  ia  tk* 

Maryland  Casualty 
Building 

•k.iadwb«3dhtiJd.i 
Fi^Bfy  and  Dtpota  Co.  ofMerytand 

Ginrd  Truai  Co, 


LuiCQwn  Tak  JmuiatKt  &  Timt  Co. 

NewYofc 

Fbtmai  Iruumnee  Co. 

NewHk,  N.  J. 

Ttaoelea  Inturance  Co. 

Hiritiird 

•"■     "     I     •      '         t 

SAFETY,  REUABIUTY.  ECCMC»1Y 

STANDARD  PLUNGER 
ELEVATOR  COMPANY 

IIB  boadwar  N*«  York 


ELKS 

SOUVENIR  NUMBER 

N«w  York  Lod«e  No.  1 

Send  twenty  cents  for  a  copy  NOW 

ARCHrrECTURB  AND  BUILDING 
23  Wairaa  Street,  New  York 


LOOMIS   FILTERS 


LooHis-iuMiniis  niTU  sisTiiBtmn  ct. 

to  offloat  sae  Lud  Ti 
B«aMB      KMT  Xsck 


Complete  Archltectura]  CatAlogue 


Scot  00  reqtMat 

THB  WnXIAH  T.  COMSTOCK  GO. 

PabUalure 


NewYsifc     Dl 


"Globe"  Ventilator  ud 


h  Copper  or  Gahuizetl  Iroi 

8t*mpr*af  »-_„j  r  i  i 

slii ."» 1..7     CdU»cu  «  lUM 

HAVtFfAOrCmMD  BT 

Glob»    Ventilator    Companp 

TROT,  N.  T. 


SILVER  LAKE  A  SASH  CORD 
THE  STAHDARD 

Oar  nama  !■  iteBped  en  emy  foot  of  oar 

Ettinute  the  greatest  ponible  Mviac  in  the 
first  cost  of  a  building  by  oaaig^eap  oord.  If 
there  ia  any  saving  can  you  afford  to  take  it? 
The  best  oord  win  mar  over  twenty  yaais 
and  you  are  BBved  the  anD^BDoe  and  axpenw 
<i  replacing  brdmi  card.  For  tba  cWptat 
wsh  oord  service  tpeaty  SILVER  LAKE  A. 

TW  Origtoal  3wM  BisUiil  3aA  Corf 

TOE  UST  B  im  CHSAPUT 

SILVER  LAKE  CO.,  Borton 


Send  for  New  Catalogue  of  ArcM- 
tocture  &  Building  Construction 

W.  T.  COHSTOCK  COKPANT 
n  W«na  M.  N«r  T«h 


Let  the  quality  and  satisfaction  of 
"F-S"  protect  your  interests — you 
will  not  be  disappointed. 

When  it  oomes  to  open  grain  hardwood,  there's  nothing  quite  the 
equal  of  "F-S"  Pioneer  Paste  Wood  Filler  for  lasting  satisfaction 

FELTON,  SIBLEY  &  CO.,  Inc. 


Mhw.atCol9n,r 


136-140  N.  4th  St.,  Phlladelphlft 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


When   writing  1 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


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THROUGHOUT 

WITH  THE 

Celebrated 

Habirshaw 

Rubber 

Covered 

Wire 

Manufactured  by 

HABIRSHAW 

WIRE 

COMPANY 

Offices,  New  York  City, 

cT^etropolitan  Tower 

1  cT^ladison  oAvenue 

WORKS,  YONKERS,  N.  Y. 

Bankers   Trust  Co.  Building 

New  York 

Trowbridge  (&  Livingston 


VANDERBILT  HOTEL,  NEW  YORK 


ELEVATORS  AND    STAIRS 


CRESCENT  CORK 

FURNISHED  AND    LALO    BY 

■USBKODCK  FLOORING  CO.,  loc 

PufdM  FlMriai.  Ww4  Cunli  ■■<  tb« 

BMlmck  PaUnt  Wool  Block  FlHriu 

For  Flrcproftf  BulUinr 

MI-5M   FAST  7*Ih  STREET,   NEW   YORK 


FREDERICK  S.  HOLMES 

Bank    Vault    Engineer 


2  Rector  Street 


New  York 


Engineer  for  the  Bank   Vault   Equipment   in    the   Bankers 
Trust  Go.  Building  illustrated  in  this  issue. 


PARIS 
ROME 


NEW  YORK 

70s 
Fifth  Avenue 


writing  Advertispr 


mis 


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m\£ 


30E 


^dm 


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Architecture  and  Building 

Established  1882  J  continuation  of  the  Coatinucd  1911 

Architect's  and  'Builder's  Magazine,  1899-1911 

PUBUSHED  MONTHLY  BY 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 

23  Warren  Street,  New  York 

Wm.  Phillips  Comstock,   President 


3 


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CONTENTS  FOR  JUNE 

OUR    FAIR    architecture:     229 

By  J.  L. 

BANKBRS'  TRUST  COMPANY  BUIIiDING 28J2 

Trowbridge    and    Livingston,     Architects. 

THE  PROFITS   OF  AN   ARCHITECT    244 

By  Howard  M.  Ingham.  Ph.   B. 

THE   HOL.IiO\ir-TIL.E,   FIREPROOF    HOUSE,    VIII 249 

By   Frederick   Squires. 

CHICAGO  TELEPHONE  BUILDING 254 

Holablrd    and     Roche,     Architects. 

STUDENTS'   DETAILS   OF   CONSTRUCTION    255 

PALAIS  ROYAL  DEPARTMENT  STORE,  WASHINGTON,  D.  C 258 

G.    P.    Hales,    Architect. 

RESIDENCE  OF  MR.  J.   M.   SPARKMAN,   SEATTLE,   WASH 259 

RESIDENCE  OF  MR.  CLAYTON  D.  WILSON,  W^.  SEATTLE,  WASH...      260 

Wilson    and    Loveless,    Architects. 
PERSPECTIVE  OF  THE  L.  C.  SMITH  BUILDING,  SEATTLE,  WASH.  .      261 

Gaggln  and  Gaggln,  Architects. 

H.    W^.    JOHNS-MANVILLE    COMPANY    BUILDING     262 

Augustus    N.    Allen,    Architect. 

MANICE    BUILDING    264 

Wallace   and   Goodwlllle,    Architects. 

FRANCES   BUILDING    266 

C.   P.   H.   Gilbert,    Architect. 

CHICAGO,   BURLINGTON   AND  ^UINCV   RAILROAD    CO.    BUILDING, 

CHICAGO,   ILL 268 

Marshall   and    Fox,    Architects. 


o 

D 

D 

o 

D 


I 


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[c 


ADVERTISING    REPRESENTATIVES 
D.  R.  Gimbel 
Geo.  H.  Stewart  (DepL  of  Fircproofine  and  Fire  Protection) 


EDITORIAL  DEPARTMENT 
Wm.  P.  Comitock,  Manaeirif  Editor 
Charles  Warren  Hastings.  Assistant  Editor 

Frederick  Squ'ies,  Contributing  Editor 


and   Cuba.    Canada. 


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send  money  by  regist^^'^d  lener,  or  send  drafts  on  New  York  banks,  made  payable  to  order  of 
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When  these  are  not  available, 
THE  WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO. 


TRADE  Supplied  by  the  AMERICAN  NEWS  COMPANY  and  its  Branches 

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Copyright,  1912,   by  The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co. 
Entered   as   second-class   matter,    April   4,  1911,  at  the  Post  OflBce  at  New  York,  N.  Y.. 

under  the  Act  of  March  3.  IS^P 


2]l2] 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


.  pleaae  mention  Architecture  and  BvlUUni. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING. 


When  wrlllns  Advertisers,  please  mention   Arc 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING., 


J^tmptvatrxn  JElesulatton 

ManulBctursd  and  liutalled  bjr 

Johnson  Service  Co. 

New  York  Office,  123  Eut  27th  Street 


MILWAUKEE,  WISCONSIN 


When   wrillng   AdvertiserB,   please   t 


'the  JVlitchell  V  ance 
Company 

836-838  BROADWAY 
NEW  YORK 


Electric  and  Gas  Li^t 
Fixtures 


Alphabetical  List  of  Advertisers 


Page 

Allen   Mfg.   Co.,   W.    D 28 

American     Enameled     Brick     & 
Tile    Co.,    The 25 

American     Hardv/are  '  Corpora- 
tion,    The     1 

Andrews,    W.    F 43 

Architectural    Metal    Works 21 

Automatic     Sprinkler     Co.      of 
America 27 

Badger  &  Sons  Co.,   E.   B 32 

Bagiies   Freres  Co 2 

Barnes  Co.,   W.   F.   ft  John 86 

Barrett  Mfg.   Co.,   The 19 

Batterson    &    Eisele •. . . .     4 

Bengtson,     John     P 33 

Berger    Mfg.    Co.,    The 31 

Bommer    Bros 16 

Boyd    Equipment    Company....  35 
Brooklyn    Vault    Light    Co 30 

Carroll    Electric    Co 11 

Carter,    Black   &   Ayers 41 

Chicago    Spring    Butt     Co — 

Collins,    Francis   W 2<J 

Colonial    Supply    Co 30 

Concrete    Age,    The 30 

Consolidated    Chandelier    Co 28 

Corbin,   P.    ft   F 1 

Cork  ft  Zicha  Marble   Co 32 

Dahlstrom   Metallic    Door   Com- 
pany       20 

Denton     ft     Co 33 

Dixon    Crucible   Co.,    Jos 31 

Bdwards  Electrical  Construction 
Co ;J2 

Essex  'Rubber  Co 11 

Evans,     F.    H 35 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co 4S 

Felton,    Sibley   &   Co II    Cover 

Folsom   Snow   Guard   Co 34 


Page 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.  23 
Gleason-Tiebaut  Glass  Co.,  The  9 
Globe    Ventilator    Co.... II    Cover 

Gorham    Co.,    The 13 

Gorton  &  Lidgerwood  Co 30 

Grant   Pulley   &   Hardware   Co.  46 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 34 

Grimmer  &   Son,   Charles 11 

Habirshaw     Wire    Co 2 

Hasbrouck   Flooring   Co.,    Inc. .  2 

Higglns   &   Co.,    Chas.    M 36 

Holmes,    Fredrick   T 2 

Ingham,    Howard    M 20 

International  Floor  Machine  Co.  33 

Jackson    Co.,    Wm.    H 14 

Jacobson    ft    Company 48 

Johnson    Service    Co 6 

Jones,    Thomas    W 34 

Kalamein     Co.,     The 28 

Knoburn    Co.,    The 25 

Lane    Bros.    Co — 

Loomls    Manning    Filter    Distri- 
buting  Co IV    Cover 

Manual    Arts    Press,    The 90 

Matthews    Bros.    Mfg.    Co 9 

Metropolitan   Electric    Mfg.    Co. 
Ill   Cover 

Mitchell    Vance    Co.,    The 6 

Monument    Plaster    Co 41 

Morton,    Thomas    27 

Murray    Iron    Works    Co 43 

Nelson    Co.,    W.    P 14 

New    England    Granite    Works, 
The     5 

Newman    Clock    Co 22 

Non-Staining   Cement    Co 47 

Northwestern    Terra-Cotta    Co., 
The     46 


Pag« 

O'Connor,    George   A 37 

Otis    Elevator    Company 17 

Polachek    Bronze    ft    Iron    Co., 
John    15 

Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,   S.   H 27 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  34 


Radley    Steel    Construction    Co.  45 
Rockwood    Sprinkler    Co 24 

Safety    Fire    Extinerulsher    Co., 
The    83 

See  Electric   Elevator  Co.,  The 
A.    B 36 

Silver    Lake    Co II    Cover 

Simmons  Co.,  John 26 

Speldel,  J.   G 35 

Standard   Plunger  Elevator   Co. 

IV  Cover 

Stanley    Works,    The 31 

Star  Expansion   Bolt   Co 16 

Stickley,    GusLav    33 

Sweet's    Catalogue 38-39 

Tettenborn    Refrigerators 34 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com- 
pany      — . 

United  States  Mineral  Wool  Co.  27 
United    States    Press    Clipping 
Bureau     — 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co.,  The  85 

Vitrolite    Co.,    The 37 

Voigtmann   ft   Co 27 

Washburne   ft   Co..   B.    G 36 

Westergren,    M.    F 28 

Wilson   Mfg.   Co.,   James   G....  16 


i7g=»Pi?7Rff\n 


ETTsnonEwm 


Classified   Advertisements 

NOTE.— ETsry  elMSifled  advertiser  is  entitled  to  insertion  nnder  one  heading.    Under  extra  headings,  95.00  a  year  eaeh 


AROHITBCTURAL   BRONZE. 

Bagues  Freres  Co.... 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 
Polachek    Bronse    ft    Iron    Co..    John, 

480-494  Hancock  St.  and  577-501  Boulevard, 

Long    Island    Ciiy. 

AWNINGS.  BLINDS,  ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  Jas.  G. 

6  W.  20th  St.  New  York  City 

BOILERS. 

Badger  ft  Sons  Co.,  E.  B..  Boston,  Mass. 
Gorton    ft   Lidgerwood   Co., 

96  Liberty   St..   New   York 

BOLTS— Bzpanaion,      Machine     Bxpamsion,      Sebeo 
Mooring,  Sebco  TwIb,  Toggle. 
Bvani.  F.  H... 81-85  Hewee  St.  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co.,  147-149  Cedar  St,  N.  Y. 

BRICK—Enameled    Front.      Hollow. 
American  Enamel  Brick  ft  Tile  Co.. 

1184  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Carter,  Black  ft  Ayers 1182  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Fiske  ft   Co.,    Inc.. Arena   Building.   New  York 
Harbison- Walker    Refractories   Co.. 

80    Church    St.    New    York 

BRIDOB8. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleraland,   O. 

BRONZE. 

Gorham  Co.,  The,  5th  Ave.  ft  86th  St.,  N.  Y. 
Polachek   Bronze  and  Iron  Co.,  John, 

480-494  Hancock  St.   and  577-591  Boulevard, 

Long   Island    City. 

BUILDING  CONTRACTORS. 

Fuller  Co..   Geo.   A..   Marquette   Bldg.,  Chicago. 
Starrett  Company,  Theodore.  103  Park  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

BUILDINO  DIRBOTORT. 

n.  8.  Ohaageable  Sign  Co.  .8-7  W.  29th  St..  N.  Y. 

BUTTS.  BALL-BBARINQ. 

Stanley  Works.  The New  Britain.  Conn. 

CEMENT. 

Non-Staining     Cement  Co..    156    5th    Ave.,    New 
York. 

OLOCKS— Synchronised.    Watchman's. 

Newman  Clock  Co..  The...  178  Fulton  St,  N.  Y. 
Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Oo., 

Dept  11.  92  Chambers  St.  N.  Y. 

CONCRETE  SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton.  0. 

CORDAGE. 

Silver  Lake  Co Boston.  Mass. 

DOOR  HANGERS. 

Lane   Bros.   Go Poughkeepsie,  N.   Y. 

DRAWBR  SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

85  Warren   St..   N.   Y. 


DRAWING  INKS— Steins). 
Hlsfina  ft  Oow,  Chaa.  M.. 

271  9th  St,  Braoklya,  N.  Y. 

DUMB  WAITERS. 

Otis  Bleivator  Co 17  Battery  Place.  N.  Y. 

Speldel.  J.  O Reading.  Pa. 

ELECTRICAL    CONTRACTORS. 

Boyd  Equipment  Co 373  4th  Ave.,   N.    Y. 

Carroll  Electric  Co.,  514  12th  St.   N.  W.,  Wash- 
ington,  D.    C. 
Edwards    Electrical    Construction    Co., 

39  E.  42d  St,   New  York 

ELEVATORS. 

A.   B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co.,  The. 

220   Broadway.   New   York 
Otis  Elevator  Co 17  Battery  Place,  M.  Y. 

Speldel,    J.    G Reading,    Pa. 

Standard    Plunger    Elevator    Co., 

115  Broadway.   New  York 

ENGINEERS,  ELECTRICAL.  CONSULTING,  BANK 
VAULT,  ETC. 

Collins,  Francis  W...50  Church  St.,  New  York 
Holmes,  Frederick  S,  2  Rector  St..  New  York. 
Ingham,  Howard  M 160  5th  Ave..  New  York 

EXPANSION  BOLTS. 

Evans.  F.  H... 31-85  Hewea  St.  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co....  14 7  Cedar  Ht..  N.  \. 

EXTERIOR  PLASTER. 

Monumental  Plaster  Company...  .Harrison,  N.  J. 

FENCING  AND  RAILINGS. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Gleveland,   O. 

FILTERS. 

Loomis-Manning  Filter  DlstributlBg  Co.. 

828  Land  TiUe  Bldg..  PhUadelphia.  Pa. 

FIRE    BUCKET    TANKS. 

Safety    Fire    Extinguisher    Co..    The, 

291-293  Seventh  Ave..  New  York 

FIRE    DOOR    EQUIPMENT. 

Lane  Bros.  Go Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 

FIRE    BQUIPMBNT.    GENERAL. 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St,  N.  Y. 

FIRE    EXTINGUISHING    APPARATUS. 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.,   Providence,  R.  I. 

FIRE   PLACES.   CRAFTSMAN.    ETC. 

Stickley.  Gustav 41  W.  34th  St.  New  York 

FIREPROOF  DOORS  AND  SHUTTBR8. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.. Jamestown.  N.  Y. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co.. 

8  West  29th  St.  New  York 
Pomeroy  Co*.  Inc..   S.  H., 

427  W.   13th  St.  New  York  City 


iSTTi^nroinr 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING, 


Matthews  Bros.  Manufacturing 


Company 


FINE  INTERIOR  WOODWORK 

Bank  and  Office  Fittings 
Fttmiture,   Mantels,   etc. 

Office  and  Factory,  61-75  &  60-68  FOURTH  STREET 

MILWAUKEE,  WIS. 

NOW  IN  WORK 

INTERIOR  FINISH,  NEW  COPLEY  PLAZA  HOTEL,  BOSTON 

MINOT  BUILDING,  BOSTON 
"  "  MANDEL  BROS.  BUILDING,  CHICAGO 

"  "  CHICAGO  TELEPHONE  BUILDING,  CHICAGO 


The  Largest  Buildings 

The  Most  Modem  Hotels 

The  Finest  Residences 

USE 

Gleason-Tiebout  Glassware 


The  Semi-Indirect  Lighting  Glassware 

and 

The  Opalttx  Reflectors 

used  in  the 

Bankers'  Trust  Building 

were  manufactured  by 

The  Gleason-Tiebout  Glass  Co. 

BROOKLYN  NEW  YORK  CHICAGO 


When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention   Architecture  and   Bulldingr- 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PIRBPROOP  WINDOWS. 

DahlBtrom  Metallic  Door  GcJamettown.  N.  T. 
Knoburn  Company,  ^^    , 

369-363  Uth  St,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 
Pomcroy  Co.  (Inc.).  S.  H..427  W.  IStli  St.,  N.  T. 
Voigtmann  &  Co..  427  W.   13th  St.   New  York. 
Westergren.    M.    P.,    213    Bast    144th    St.,    New 
York. 

FIXTURB8,   OAS  AND  BLBCTRIC. 
Consolidated    Chandelier    Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St.  N.  Y. 

FLOOR  AND  WOODWORK   POLISH. 

Felton,  Sibley  ft  Cc.lM  N.  4th  St,  Phila.,  Pa. 

FLOORING— Stone,    Hardwood.    Cork.    etc. 
Hasbrouck  Flooring  Co..    Inc., 

501-506  B.  70th  St..  New  York 

FLOORING   MACHINERY. 

International   Floor  Machine  Co.,   39  West  3Sth 
St,  New  York. 

OAt  AND  BLBCTRIC  FIXTURBS. 

Goniolldated  Chandelier  Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St.  N.  Y. 
Simes   Co.,  The.   18  Rose  St..  New  York. 

GLASSWAiRE. 

Oleason-Tiebout  Glass  Co.,  The,   Brooklyn.   New 
York.   Chicago. 

GRANITE. 

New    England    Granite    Works,    The,    Westerly, 
R.  I. 

ORAPUITB  PAINT. 

DIzon  Cnielble  Co.,  Joe Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

HANQBRS— House,  Bam  Door. 

Lane  Bros.   Co. Poughkeepsie,  N.   Y. 

HARDWARB. 

American    Hardware    Corporation,    The, 

New   Britain,    Conn. 
Chlcsgo  fiprlng  Butt  Co.,  ChlcMgo,  in.;  M«w  York 

Corbin,  P.  &  F New  Britain,   Conn. 

Stanley  Works,  The,  Dept   B. 

N«w  Brltala,  Conn.,  and  70  Chambers  St,  N.  Y. 

HBATINO  APPUANCBS.     (Also  see  BoUers.) 

Boyd   Equipment   Co... 373   Fourth   Ato.,   N.   Y. 
Gtorton  *  Udgerwood  Co.  .96  Liberty  St,  N.  Y. 

HINGES— Spring,  Ballbearing.  Etc. 

Bommer  BroB...2S7  Classen  At.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Chicago  Spring  Butt  Qo., 

(Shloago.  111.:  New  York. 
Stanley  Works,   The New  Britain,   Conn. 

HOLLOW  TILE. 

Carter,    Black   &   Ayers..ll82   Broadway,   N.   Y. 

HOT-WATER  BOILBRS-Copper. 
Badger  &  Sons  Co.,  E.  B.. 

63-75  Pitt  St,  Boston,   Mass. 

INTERIOR   DECORATIONS. 
Nelson    Company,    W.    P., 

614    S.    Michigan    Ave.,    Chicago. 

INTERIOR   TRIM. 

Matthews      Bros.      Manufacturing      Co..      Q^-Qld 
Fourth   St.,    Milwaukee,    Wis. 


IRON   WORK— Ornamental   and   Structural. 

Bagues   Freres   Co... 705  Fifth   Ave.,   New  York 
Murray  Iron  Works,   Burlington,   Iowa. 
Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John 

4S0-494  Hancock  St  and  577-591  Boulevard, 

Long   Island   City. 

JAIL  AND  PRISON  WORK. 

Van  D«rn  Iron  Works  (3o Cleveland,  O. 

JOIST  HANOBR8-(Steol). 

lAne  Bros.  (3o Poughkeepsie,  N.  T. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Clevelaiid,  O. 

UOHTINO  FIXTURBS-Oas  and  Electric. 

Baguee   Freres   Co 705  Fifth   Ave.,  New  York 

Consolidated  Chandelier  Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St,  N.  Y. 
Gleason-Tiebout  Glass  Co.,  The,  Brookljm,  Now 

York,  Chicago. 
Mitchell  Vance  Co..  836-838  Broadway.  New  York 

LIGHTNING  RODS. 

Jonss.  T.  W 22  Burllns  Slip,  N.  T. 

Washbume  A  Co.,  B.  O..a00  Falton  St,  N.  T. 

LOCKS.   ETC. 

American    Hardware    Corporation, 

New  Britain,  Conn. 
Corbin.   P.   ft   F New   Britain,    Conn. 

MANTELS.   FIREPLACES.   ETC. 

Jackson    Co.,    Wm.    H...2  W.   47th    St,   N.   Y. 

MARBLE   WORKERS. 

Batterson  &  Eisele,  Times  Building,  New  York. 
Cork   &   Zicha  Marble   Co.. 

325-327  E.  94th   St.  New  York 

MATS.   RUBBER. 

Essex    Rubber    Co., 

258  Broadway,  New  York  ft  Trenton.  N.  J. 

METAL  CBILIN08. 

Berger    Mtg.  Co..   The CantolL   O. 

METAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,  N.  T. 
Knoburn  Company, 

359-363  14th  St.  Hoboken.  N.  J. 

MBTAL   LATHING. 

Greenfield,  Inc.,  Arthur 204  E.  26th  St.  N.  Y. 

MBTAL  LUMBER. 

Berger  Mtg.  Co.,  The Canton.  O. 

METALLIC   OFFICE   FURNITURE. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  (3o Cleveland,  O. 

METAL   SASH   AND    FRAMES. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co... Jamestown,  N.  Y. 

Knoburn  Company 240  11th  Ave.,  N.  T. 

Pomeroy  Go.  (Inc.),  S.  H...427  W.  ISth  St,  N.V. 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy  0>.,  (Inc.).  T.  H.  427  W.  18th  St,  N.  T. 
Volgtmann  ft  0>..  427  W.  13th  St,  New  Yoi^ 

MINERAL  WOOL. 

U.  S.  Mineral  Wool  Co 140  Cedar  St,  N.  Y. 

PAINTING  CONTRACTORS. 

Bengtson,  John  P,  25  West  42d  St.,  New  York. 
Grimmer  ft  Son,  Charles.. 280  B.  S7th  St,  N.  Y. 

PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRB8BRVINO  IRON 

AND  STEEL. 
Dlzon  Cmdble  Co.,  Joe Jenej  City,  N.  J. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING.  ] 

For  thirty  years  the  firm  of  Charles  Orimmer  C  Son  haa  been  known  to  yoa 
as  Painters.  Beceotly  we  have  acquired  the  business  of  the  W.  Ludwif 
Schultze  Co.,  the  well  known  Decorators.  In  our  three  new  buildings  we  now 
have  lacililies  for  doing  the  same  high  class  Cabinet  Wood-Work  and  Up- 
holstery as  we  have  for  Painting. 

A  lin«  of  inquiry  brings  a  representative,  or  we  should  be  glad  to  welcome 
yon  at  our  exteosive  factories  and  our  beautiful,  new  showrooms,  where  we 
carry  the  largest  and  most  select  stoch  in  Mew  York,  of  Wall  Papers,  Mantels, 
Andirons,  Electric  Fiztores,  Fabrics,  Furniture,  Mirrors,  Antiques,  Clocks, 
Candlesticks.  Lamps  and  Pillows. 

Clfarlra  (ftrtitunrr  Sc  Bxm 

Ttlwfcmi.  7S57-7S»  Hi<i«  Sq..».  230-231  East  37(li  Strati,  NEW  TOtl 


Essex  Rubl 

Sectional,  Rei 

Repairable.    All  ( 

Color  Combii 


ESSEX  RUBBEF 

TRENTON,  r 


PhoDC  Harlan   1260 

The  Hadison  Iron  Works 

Akohitiotuiial  abd  Okbabbbtal  Wokk 
poK  ■uiLDinas 

449-45r-453  E.  120*  Street 

N.  W.  Cor.  o(  Pleasant  Ave.  NEW  YORK 

CARROLL  ELECTRIC  CO. 

Electrical  Engineers  and  Contractors 

Dealers  in  Electrical  Supplies  and  Machinery 

514  Twelfth  Street  N.  W.  Washington.  D.  C. 

Contractors  for  Electric  Lighting,  Power  Equipment,  Switchboard,  etc., 
for  Palais  Royal  Department  Store,  Washington,  illustrated  in  this  issue. 

When   writing   AdvertlBera,    please    mention    Archltecturs   and   Bulldlnfr. 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PAINTS,  OILS,  VARN18HBS,  WOOD  FILLJNQ,  «to. 

Dlzon  Oruetble  Co.,  Joe Jerser  City,  N.  J. 

rdton,  SIbler  *  Co., 

186  N.  4tli  St,  PblladtlpliU,  Pa. 

PLASTBR  WORK— Plain,  Ornamental. 

Jacobson  &  Co.,  211  E  44th  St..  New  York. 
Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

PLUMBERS. 

Boyd   Equipment   Co... 373    Fourth   Ave..    N.    Y. 

PRONG  LOCK,  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co..  The Canton.  O. 

PUBLISHERS. 

Gomstock  Co..  The  W.  T..23  Warren  St..  N.   Y 

Concrete    Age.    The Atlanta,    Georgia 

Manual  Arts  Press,  The, 

800  German  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria.  111. 

PULLEYS. 

Grant  Pulley  h  Hardware  Co., 

t   W.   28th   8u.    N.    Y. 

REFRIGERATORS.    PORCELAIN.    ETC. 

Tettenbom    Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati.     O. 

RINGS— Bridle,  Comer  Brace  (Bridle).  Sebco  Aerial. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co..  147-149  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 

ROLLING  DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS-Steel. 
Grant   Pulley    and    Hardware    Co., 
„..  8   W.   29th   St..    New    York    City. 

Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,  Jamee  G.. 

3  W.  29th  St,  New  York 

ROOFING  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Barrott  Mfg.  Co New  York.  N.  Y. 

RUBBER   SPECIALTIES. 
Essex   Rubber  Co.. 

Trenton,    N.    J.   &   New   York,    N.    Y. 

SANITARY   SPECIALTIES. 

Vltrolite    Co.,    The Parkersburg,    W.    Va. 

SASH  CHAINS. 

Morton,  Thomas id9  Elm  St.  N.  Y. 

■ASM  CORDS. 

■llTor  Lake  Co Boston.   Mass. 

■ASH  PULLEYS— Iron,  Brass,  Bronia. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

8  W.  29th  St.  N.  Y. 

SIDEWALK  LIFTS. 

Speidel,  J.  G Reading.  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Berger  Mfg.  Co Canton,  O. 

SIGNS,    CHANGEABLE,    ETC 
U.   S.  Changeable  Sign  Co., 

3  W.   29th  St..   New   York 

SKYLIGHTS. 

Architectural    Metal    Works. 

1192-1194   2d    Ave..    New    York. 

SNOW  GUARD 

Foisom   Snow  Guard  Co., 

Roslindale  (Boston),    Mass. 

SPRING  HINGES. 

Bommer  Bros.... 257  Classon  Ave.,  Bklyn,  N.  Y. 
Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co.. 

Chicago.  111.:  New  York. 


SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

Automatic    Sprinkler    Co.    of   America. 

12:^   William    St,    New    York  City. 
General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 
^    ^       ^  ^  Providence,  R.   I. 

Rockwood  Sprinkler  Co...  128  WliUam  St,  N.  T. 

STEEL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Clcfvoland,  O. 

STEEL  JOIST  HANGERS. 

Lane  Bros.   Co.^... Poughkemsl^  N.  Y. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Clerelattii  O. 

STEEL    SHUTTERS,    ROLLING,    ETC. 
Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,   James  G., 

5  W.  29th  St.,  New  York 

STONE   PAVEMENTS. 

Denton  &  Co.,  42  Bast  23d  St.  New  York. 

STUC(?D. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison.  N.  J. 

SWITCHBOARDS.    PANELS     ETC 
Metropolitan    Electric    Mfg.    Co., 

14th    St    &   East   Ave.,    Long    Island    City 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (Automatic). 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsle,   N.    Y. 

TEMPERATURE    REGULATION. 

Johnson    Service    Co..  123  E  27th  St,  N.   Y. 

TERRA  COTTA. 

Conkllng- Armstrong    Terra    CotU    Co., 
„  ^      .   _  1135  Broadway.   New  York 

Federal   Terra  Cotta   Co.,   Ill   Broadway,   N.  Y 
Morinweeivrn  Terra  Cotta  Co., 

1000  Olyboum  Ato.,  Chicago. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton,  O. 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Co. 

262  Monitor  St.   Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

VENETIAN    BLINDS. 

Wilson    Mfg.    Co.,    Jas.    G.. 

3H   W.   20th   St.    New   York. 

VENTILATING   RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.  T. 

VENTILATORS. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.  T 

Washburne  &  Co.,  E.  G...209  Fulton  St.  N.  yI 

WALL  FINISHES— FLAT,   ETC. 
Keystone  Varnish   Co.. 

71  Otsego  St.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison.  N.  J. 

WATER   FILTERS. 

Loomis-Manning  Filter  Co.. 

828  Land  Title  Bldg..  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

WEATHER    VANES. 

Jones,  Thos.  W 153  Maiden  Lane,  N.  Y. 

Washburne  &  Co.,    E.    G., 

209  Fulton  St,   N.   Y. 

WOOD-WORKING  MACHINERY. 
Barnes  Co..  W.  F.  ft  John. 

5e»i  Ruby  St.  Rockford,  111. 


ETTsnroinr 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING, 


:  and  2q( 

g  is  of 


Tor 


te  Store  I 


URAL  B 


When  wrltlngr  Advertisera,   please  mention   Architecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDIfiG. 


When  wrltlns  AdTertlsn*B,   please  mention   Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Ho^ms  if 
•Banktrs' 
Trutl  C». 


C 


When  writlnfr  Advertisers,  please  ipentlon   Architecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Wilson's  Venetian  Blinds 


SEBCO 
EXPANSION   BOLTS 


A  ^  inch  diameter  bolt  by  3/^  inches  in 
length  withstood  by  actual  le«l  a  wei^t  <^ 
6,200  Ibi.  before  itiipping  the  thteadi  of 
the  lag  tcrew. 

It  ha*  been  found  that  the  dtield  wiU  itrip 
the  threads  of  the  lag  screw  b^ore  pulling 
out  and  will  resist  a  greater  strain  ihaa  any 
luiown  make,  style  or  design. 

put  KW  ipeciMl  Aidiilcctml  Cm.  4 1  ud 

IneiniiipUtweRady.  YomoMmcsimmi 

QTAP     EXPANSION 

kj  1  r\.J\  BOLT  COMPANY 
147-149  CEDAR  ST.,  NEW  YORK 


ARE  QUALITY   GOODS 

But  cost  no  more  than  inferior  kinds 


DONT  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  wlien  specify- 
ing spring  hinges,  which  of  all  hardware  perform 
the  hardest  work.  Bomnier  Spring  Hinges  never 
fail  to  give  Ktisfaction,  and  have  withstood  the 
test  of  lime.  The  springs  never  go  lame. 
"Practically  Unbreakable,"  uya  the  World's 
Pair  Award,  Chicago,  1893. 

aOLD  HCDALH:  Firli,  UMi  BoBUs,  IMI;  Kl.  Lmita,  IBM. 

All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Them 


:   and    Bulldlns. 


Architecture  and  Building 

A  Magazine  Devoted  to  Contemporary  Architectural  Construction 


Volume  XLIV. 


JUNE,   1912 


Number  6 


OUR   FAIR  ARCHITECTURE 

By  J.  L. 


A  GREAT  many  of  our  institu- 
tions in  "these  most  brisk  and 
giddy-paced  times"  may  be  said  to 
be  reckoning  without  the  host.  The 
host  is  the  public,  whose  servants 
undertake  to  settle  the  score  and 
receipt  the  bill  without  consulting 
their  employer.  Architecture  is  one 
of  the  things  that  would  not  be  the 
worse  for  a  little  better  acquaintance  with 
its  master — the  public. 

Architectural  language  is  a  strange 
jargon  that  the  public  does  not  under- 
stand. It  almost  makes  one  think  of  the 
Latin  of  the  pill-makers,  not  intended  to 
be  understood  by  the  consumers  of  the 
pills,  or  the  French  bill  of  fare  which 
the  majority  of  patrons  have  to  get 
the  waiters  to  translate.  Writers  on 
architectural  subjects  have  been  seeking 
to  gtmr-  tte  applause  of  the  architects^ 
rather  than  to  explain  to  the  general 
public.  All  of  which  has  resulted  in  a 
popular  misunderstanding  and  confusion, 
with  no  especial  benefit  to  architecture 
itself, — rather,  injury,  because  the  aver- 
age studious  layman  is  confused  when  he 
talks  about  our  architecture.  He  has  a 
hazy  idea  that  everything  is  wrong  and 
in  bad  taste.  He  cannot  see  it  himself, 
but  the  critics  sav  it  is  bad,  so  it  must  be 
Things  have  come  to  this  pass,  that  to 
praise  is  to  show  lack  of  culture. 

I   fear  me  professional  jealousy  has 
something  to  do  with  this  bad  reputation 


that  American  architecture  has  acquired. 
I,  for  one,  am  tired  of  hearing  our  fair 
architecttwe— alwsed.  It  would  be  bad 
enough  if  the  public  were  dissatisfied 
with  it,  but  the  vilifiers  would  seem  to  be 
the  ones  who  live  by  architecture,  and 
the  art  is  "wounded  in  the  house  of  its 
friends."  Architectural  criticism  is  ana- 
chronistic. The  standards  of  the  profes- 
sion are  the  standards  of  the  past,  and 
our  high-brow  guides,  philosophers  and 
friends  keep  harking  back  to  things  and 
forms  that  are  dead  and  gone. 

Who  is  there  that  isn't  familiar  with 
the  picture  of  high-pooped  ships  of  the 
days  of  Hendrick  Hudson?  What  if  our 
ships  were  as  our  buildings?  Call  to 
mind  one  of  these  highly-decorated  con- 
structions, and  then  think  what  some  of 
the  big  ocean  liners  of  today  would  look 
iikftr-if-  >lmv^  "ontsides"  were  treated  in 
the  same  "architectural"  style.  Imagine 
a  group  of  architects — designers  of  high 
poops  and  carved  figureheads — standing 
on  the  shore  and  shouting  derisively  as 
each  flashily  decorated  ship  went  by,  call- 
ing the  figureheads  laughable,  the  stack 
decoration  a  frenzy,  the  pilot  house  de- 
based, and  so  on. 

Well,  that  is  an  impossible  picture,  of 
course,  in  ship  architecture,  but  not  in 
building  architecture.  And  how  the  blase 
smatterer  will  sometimes  work  himself 
into  a  state  of  contempt  for  our  beauti- 
ful (!)  skyscrapers,  those  fine  creations 


230 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


that  mark  our  country,  which,  in  fact, 
name  our  country — the  land  of  the  sky- 
scraper— just  as  we  speak  of  England  as 
the  land  of  roast  beef,  and  France  as  the 
land  of  the  frog. 

Not  long  ago  an  American  was  return- 
ing to  his  native  heath  from  a  visit  to  a 
foreign  strand.  He  was  standing  on  the 
deck  of  the  good  ship  as  she  came  up 
the  bay,  drinking  in  with  barbaric  pride 
the  sight  of  that  mountain  of  buildings 
which  his  countrymen  have  builded  on 
the  lower  end  of  Manhattan  Island. 

As  the  ship  passed  into  the  river  and 
a  nearer  view  was  possible,  the  Ameri- 
can, who  knew  most  of  the  buildings, 
could  not  restrain  his  enthusiasm,  and  be 
broke  into  a  description — a  kind  of  see- 
ing-New  York  lecture — for  the  benefit 
of  a  couple,  Lord  and  Lady  Somebody- 
or-other,  who  stood  on  the  deck  near 
him. 

Now,  his  lordship  was  a  good  fellow, 
a  noted  clergyman — a  missionary,  some- 
body had  said — and  her  ladyship  was  a 
good  fellow,  too.  So  they  listened  with 
rather  unusual  complacency  to  the  re- 
turned patriot  descanting  on  the  beauties 
of — not  nature  exactly — well,  let  us  say 
for  the  sake  of  argument  the  beauties  of 
art,  stretched  out  before  him. 

"That  is  the  Singer  Tower,"  said  the 
returning  native,  pointing  to  the  red  and 
gray  "monstrosity" — as  he  had  heard  it 
described  on  several  occasions  by  intel- 
ligent American  architects. 

"Oh,  yes,  Fve  heard  of  it,"  said  her 
ladyship.  She  was  a  sweet,  kind  woman 
and  very  much  interested.  "That  is  your 
tallest  building,  is  it  not  ?" 

"No,"  said  the  American.  "It  was  the 
tallest  for  a  few  weeks.  The  tallest  is 
the  Metropolitan  Tower  up  there" — 
pointing  into  the  distance.  The  Wool- 
worth  building  wasn't  started  then. 

"Why  did  they  build  the  Singer 
Tower?"   asked  her  ladyship.    She   did 


most  of  the  talking,  but  her  husband  was 
a  very  attentive  listener  and  occasionally 
put  in  a  word. 

The  manner  of  the  English  couple  was 
plainly  indicative  of  their  state  of  mind. 
The  American  felt  that  they  were  prob- 
ably thinking  of  old  Kaspar  and  Peterkin 
and  little  Wilhemine  and  the  Battle  of 
Blenheim.  He  could  imagine  that  her 
ladyship  was  inwardly  humming  the  re- 
frain : 

"But  what  good  came  of  it  at  last?" 

Quoth  little  Peterkin. 
"Why,  that  I  cannot  tell,"  said  he, 

"But  'twas  a  famous  victory." 

The  American  thought  of  little  Peter- 
kin, but  he  plucked  up  courage.  "Oh," 
he  replied,  "they  thought  it  would  make 
a  good  advertisement,"  and,  after  a  pause, 
"maybe  they  thought  it  was  beautiful, 
too." 

Her  ladyship  had  no  comment  to  make 
on  the  astonishing  statement  that  any- 
body could  think  that  the  Singer  Tower 
beautiful. 

"You  should  see  the  Singer  Building 
at  night,"  continued  the  American.  "It 
really  is  wonderful.  There's  a  kind  of 
halo  around  it  that  makes  it  one  of  the 
sights  of  the  world." 

The  ship  had  meantime  been  moving 
up  stream,  and  the  white  tower  of  the 
Metropolitan  Building  was  more  easily 
discernible. 

"There,"  said  our  American,  "is  our 
tallest  building."  His  pride  was  self- 
evident. 

An  expression  of  sympathy  came  to 
the  face  of  the  kind  lady  who  stood  thus 
listening  to  the  boyish — ^maybe  the  child- 
ish— raptures  of  the  poor  deluded  bar- 
barian. Undaunted,  however,  the  Ameri- 
can returned  to  the  charge. 

"The  Metropolitan  Tower  is  built  of 
white  marble,"  he  said. 

"Marble  costs  a  lot  of  money,"  said  his 


OUR  FAIR  ARCHITECTURE. 


231 


lordship.  "Why  did  they  go  to  all  that 
expense  ?" 

The  American  thought  again  of  Peter- 
kin  and  the  Battle  of  Blenheim. 

"Ah,  that  I  cannot  tell,"  thought  he, 
but  he  said,  "Oh,  they  thought  that  was 
beautiful,  too."  And  then,  his  courage, 
rising,  he  continued;  "And  it  is  beautiful. 
That  white  roof  against  the  sky  is  a 
sight  to  stand  and  watch  by  the  hour. 


our  commercial  buildings  with  the  pal- 
aces and  museums  of  Europe. 

On  an  automobile  trip  from  the  Riv- 
iera to  Paris  I  was  afforded  an  opportun- 
ity to  observe  some  indigenous  architec- 
ture, the  "common  people's"  kind.  We 
happened  to  run  upon  a  "sub-division." 
There  were  the  signs  of  the  real  estate 
boomer.  Lots  for  sale,  terms,  and  all  the 
evidences  of  constructive  activity.    Here 


Sometimes  the  top  of  the  tower  is  lost     at   last   was  a  chance  to  see   what   the 


in  the  mist." 

Now,  this  feeling  of  these  foreigners 
would  not  be  worthy  of  notice  were  it 
not  for  the  fact  that  it  is  typical.  Many 
Americans  have  assumed  a  false  attitude 
toward  American  construction  and  have 
affected  a  contempt  for  their  own  archi- 


Frenchman  was  doing  and  compare  it 
with  the  American's  work.  The  houses 
were  substantial,  and  undoubtedly  were 
for  the  same  class  of  people  that  we 
could  find  in  some  healthy  American 
suburb.  They  were  more  permanently 
built  than  ours  would  be  for  the  same 


tecture.    And  the  funny  part  of  it  is  that  class  of  occupany.    The   walls   were  of 

American  architects,  and  their  satellites,  masonry,  the  roofs  were  tile.    But  one 

the  architectural  critics,  have  started  the  looked  in  vain  for  signs  of  "architecture." 

talk.  The  houses  seemed  to  have  no  single  re- 

Whoever   would    think    of    ridiculing  deeming  architectural  feature.  The  walls 

England  or  Germany  for  their  big  ships?  were  yellow  stucco  with  red  brick  trim- 

They  have  their  great  ships  and  we  have  mings  on  the  corners.     They  looked  as 


r  great  buildings,  and  it  is  about  time 
that  the  architectural  knockers  of  Amer- 
ica should  be  muzzled.    There  is  hardly 

a  thing  in  Amer- 
ica that  has  been 
the  object  of  more 
i  n  d  i  s  c  r  i  m  inate 
abuse  than  has  our 
architecture. 

The  trouble  is 
that  our  every-day 
American  work  is 
compared  with  the 
monumental  speci- 
mens of  Euro- 
pean architecture. 
These  architect- 
ural comparisons 
are  most  unfair. 
The  crititcs  have 
been     comparing 


SUN  PARLOK.  OFFICES  OF  J.  P.  MOR. 
GAN  &  CO..  SIST  FLOOR  OF  THE 
BANKERS'  TRUST  CO!  BUILDING.    ' 


though  they  have  been  designed  by  the 
village  barber.  If  they  were  a  fair  sam- 
ple of  indigenous,  modern  French  archi- 
tecture, what  is 
France  coming  to? 
We  Americans 
have  listened  to 
enough  abuse  of 
our  architecture. 
Let  us  refuse  to 
stand  for  it  any 
longer.  If  they 
would  tell  you  we 
are  so  bad,  go  over 
to  the  "other  side  ' 
and  see  some  of 
theirs.  If  yoii  go, 
don't  look  at  their 
dead  architecture; 
look  at  their  live 
architecture. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


1J30KING  NORTH  FKOM  THE  31ST  STORY   OF  THE  BANKERS'  TRUST  CO.  BUILDINO. 


BANKERS'  TRUST  CO. 


A' ALL  AND  NASSAU  STREETS, 
rbrldse   &   LIVlIiKBton.   ArchltectB. 


_n  Metallic  Door  Co.      Therm 
,.   H.  Jackson  Co.  Otla  El 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Qranile:  The  New  England  GranHe  WorkB. 
"La  Farse-'  Non-Staining  Cement  Used. 
Rank  Vault  Engineer:  Freilcriok  S.  Holmes. 
Bronze  Ralls:   John    Folachek    Bronze    and 


THE   BANKERS'  TRUST  CO.   BUILDING 


THE  speed  and  perfection  of  the  con- 
struction of  the  Bankers'  Trust  Com- 
pany building  was  due  to  a  well-or- 
dered plan  all  thought  out  and  scheduled 
in  advance  and  performed  with  punctu- 
ality. The  three  jarties  entering  into  ihe 
contract  for  construction — the  owner,  the 
architect  and  the  contractor — co-operated 
and  worked  together  according  to  a  defi- 
nite  scheme.     The   consulting   engineer 


acted  for  the  owners  and  held  weekly 
meetings  with  the  architects  and  con- 
tractor at  which  details  of  construction 
were  agreed  upon,  charges  passed  and 
conferences  held  with  the  various  sub- 
contractors, superintendents  and  experts 
who  were  called  in.  The  day  previous 
to  each  of  these  weekly  meetings,  a  simi- 
lar meeting  was  held  at  the  building  by 
representatives   of   each   party.     A   full 


BANKERS'  TRUST  CO. 


THE3  PUBLIC  CORRIDOR.      ENTERED  PROM  WALL  STREET  AND  CONNECTING  INTO 

THE  HANOVER  BANK  BUILDING. 

TrowbrldKC  &   LIvlng-ston,   Archlteots, 
Interior  Marble:  Batterson  &  Elsele. 

Marble  Floors  Surfaced  With  Internationa!  Floor  Machines. 
Lighting  FlitureB:  The  Mitchell  Vance  Go. 
Gleaaon-Tlebout   "Camla"    Glass  In  Lighting  Fixlures. 

Copper  Covered  Windows  and   Bronze  Covered   Doors;   M.   F.   Westergren,   Inc. 
Otis  Elevators. 
Hobo   Racks    (Tale)   and  Hose:   W.   D.   Allen   Mfg.   Co. 

—        _. ». ™._      .,_^g|.j.   pire    Extinguisher   Co. 

Wire  Co. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BVlLDING. 


BAffKERS"  TRUST  CO. 


gill 


iSs 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


5i  i 

2s  » 


£<S 


Is* 


BANKERS-  TRUST  CO. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDISG. 


■How  Metal  Trim:  Dahlslrom  Metallic  Doo 


BANKERS'  TRUST  CO. 


THE   BANKING  ROOM   ON  THE   SECOND  STOKY. 
Bank  Vault  Engineer:  Frederick  S.  Holmea.  Trowbridge  &    Llvlnj 

Interior  Marble:  Batteraon  &  Elsele. 

-Illes:   John  Polacbek  Bronie  and  Iron  Co. 

tnd  Bronie  Covered  Doors:  M.  F.  Westergrren,  : 


242 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


written  report  of  the  progress  of  thf 
building  up  to  date  was  thus  in  the  hands 
of  those  in  authority  at  their  weekly 
meetings.  The  building  committee  of 
the  Bankers'  Trust  Company  acted  as  a 
court  of  appeals  for  the  actual  construc- 
tors and  did  not  otherwise  concern  itself 
with  the  details  of  the  construction  work 
except  in  the  selection  of  artistic  or 
architectural  designs.  The  result  of  this 
plan,  which  has  been  here  very  briefly 
stated,  was  a  wonderfully  rapid  accom- 
plishment of  a  very  difficult  project. 

Interesting  articles  on  the  construction 
of  the  Bankers'  Trust  Company  building 
appeared  in  the  "Engineering  Record" 
for  February  11,  1911,  and  April  29, 
1911.  These  cover  the  general  features 
and  the  construction  of  the  floors  and 
roofs  with  details  of  trusses. 

The  Bankers'  Trust  Company  build- 
ing was  designed  and  erected  under  the 
super\'ision  of  Trowbridge  and  Living- 
ston. Mr.  W.  E.  S.  Strong  was  the  con- 
sulting engineer,  and  Mr.  Thomas  Bruce 
Boyd  was  the  bank  engineer  collaborating 
with  the  architects.  The  builders  were 
Marc  Eidlitz  and  Son.  The  exterior  is 
of  granite,  the  material  being  supplied 
and  cut  by  the  Xew  England  Granite 
Works.  La  Farge  non-staining  cement 
was  used. 

In  the  interior  the  marble  work  was 
done  by  Batterson  &  Eisele,  the  stair- 
case, panelling  and  columns  of  the  bank- 
ing room  being  exceedingly  beautiful 
both  in  selection  of  material  and  in  qual- 
ity of  workmanship  in  carving.  Taver- 
nelle  Clair  is  used  in  the  banking  rooms 
in  polished  surfaces  from  floor  to  ceil- 
ing. The  entrance  hall  and  the  elevator 
halls  are  trimmed  with  Botticino;  the 
floors  are  of  a  light  Tennessee  of  some- 
what unusual  shade.  The  marble  floors 
were  all  surfaced  by  International  floor 
machines.     The  tile  floors  in  the  base- 


ment were  supplied  by  William  H.  Jack- 
son Company,  who  also  constructed  the 
marble  mantel  on  the  31st  floor  in  the 
offices  of  J.'  P.  Morgan  &  Company. 
The  bronze  work  for  the  elevator  doors, 
banking  screens,  partitions  and  staircase 
railings  and  the  like,  was  done  by  the 
John  Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co. 

The  lighting  fixtures  were  made  by 
the  Mitchell  Vance  Company,  and  in  the 
banking  room  stories,  Gleason  Tiebout 
"Camia"  glass  was  used  in  the  fixtures, 
"Opalix"  glass  having  been  used  in  the 
fixtures  elsewhere.  The  Frink  system  of 
artificial  lighting  is  used  in  the  banking 
rooms. 

The  W.  G.  Cornell  Company-  did  the 
plumbing,  Loomis-Manning  filters  were 
used,  and  the  temperature  regulation  is 
the  system  installed  by  the  Johnson  Ser- 
vice Company. 

The  engineer  for  the  bank  vault  con- 
struction in  the  basement  was  Frederick 
S.  Holmes.  Throughout  the  building  the 
hollow  metal  trim  was  installed  by  the 
Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Company.  Cop- 
per covered  windoAvs  and  bronze  covered 
doors  are  used  everywhere  throughout 
the  building.  These  were  installed  by  M. 
F.  Westergren,  Inc. 

The  fire  protection  is  provided  for  by 
stand  pipes  with  Yale  hose  racks  and 
hose  furnished  by  the  W.  D.  Allen  Mfg. 
Co.  on  each  floor.  There  are  also  fire 
bucket  tanks  furnished  by  the  Safety 
Fire  Extinguisher  Co. 

The  eleven  passenger  elevators  in  the 
main  battery  are  of  the  Otis  gearless 
traction  type.  Five  of  the  drum  type 
are  installed  elsewhere.  There  are  two 
Otis  plunger  sidewalk  lifts.  A  vault  lift 
was  installed  by  the  Standard  Plunger 
Elevator  Company.  In  the  windows 
Grant  overhead  pulleys  were  used.  Evans 
*'Crescent"  expansion  bolts  were  em- 
ployed  in  portions  of  the  construction. 


BANKERS'  TRUST  CO. 


__    .._  V  Metal  Trim:  Dahlstroro  ._    .     _.. 

Bronie  Doora:  John  Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co. 
Copper  Covered  Windows  and   Bronie  Covered   Doora; 

1  Llshttng  Fixtures. 


THE  PROFITS  OF  AN  ARCHITECT 

By   HOWARD   M.   INGHAM,   PH.    B. 


HOW  much  net  profit  did  you  make 
on  that   house  you    finished    last 
month  ? 

What  is  the  total  cost  of  this  set  of 
plans  on  which  you  are  just  about  ready 
to  take  figures? 

How  much  did  you  lose  on  that  com- 
petition where  you  did  not  take  first  or 
second  prize? 

How  far  away  from  your  home  city 
does  it  pay  you  to  build  a  $10,000  house  ? 

How  far  away  can  you  afford  to  build 
a  $30,000  building? 

Should  these  distances  be  expressed  in 
miles  or  hours  ? 

How  much  work  must  you  have  on  the 
books  before  it  pays  you  to  hire  an  out- 
side superintendent,  or  to  increase  your 
force  if  you  already  have  one? 

The  financial  aspect  of  architecture  as 
a  profession  is  so  vitally  affected  by  these 
considerations  that  the  answers  should 
be  instantly  accessible  in  every  office.  A 
simple  set  of  books  will  give  the  answers 
to  all  the  specific  questions,  and  to  the 
general  queries  the  answers  are  readily 
obtained  bv  a  little  analvsis. 

Let  us  begin  by  assuming  that  the 
architect  does  not  understand  double- 
entry  bookkeeping,  and  a  set  of  books  or 
a  record  of  receipts  and  disbursements 
is  kept  by  a  stenographer  or  a  draftsman 
No  additional  "talent"  will  be  necessary 
for  the  system  to  be  described. 

The  book  consists  of  one  or  two  hun- 
dred 9M"xll%"  "Extra  Debit"  ledger 
leaves,  and  an  equal  quantity  of  4-column 
journal  leaves  of  the  same  size.*     (See 

^These  leaves  are  stock  forms,  and  cost  about 
$0.90  per  100.  A  binder  costs  from  $2.75  up.  A 
supply  of  adjustable  Index  tags  with  some  extra 
gummed  stickers  for  renewal  purposes  saves  the 
trouble,   time  and  expense  due  to  an  Index. 


Figures  No.  2  and  No.  3.)  The  latter 
are  for  the  "Cost  Accounts"  of  the  sev- 
eral contracts,  each  of  which  has  its  own 
page.  The  ledger  leaves  are  for  the  other 
accounts,  as  follows: 

General  Expense. 

Yearly  Business. 

Furniture  and  Fixtures. 

Cash. 

Investment. 

Every  client  for  whom  work  is  going 
on. 

Every  person  who  sells  services  or 
materials  and  renders  a  bill  for  them. 

Each  partner. 

As  soon  as  a  contract  is  secured,  the 
amount  of  it  (that  is,  the  amount  the 
architect  is  to  receive  for  his  services) 
is  entered  under  "Debit"  on  a  ledger  leaf 
which  is  headed  with  the  client's  name, 
and  also  under  "Credit"  on  the  ledger 
leaf  headed  "Yearly  Business."!  If 
the  amount  of  the  contract  is  a  percent- 
age of  the  cost  of  the  building,  and  hence 
indeterminate  until  the  work  is  com- 
pleted, several  entries,  as  described  above, 
can  be  made  at  different  times,  as  fast  as 
any  specific  partial  amounts  can  be  de- 
termined. 

As  soon  as  the  contract  is  entered,  a 
cost  account  for  the  work  is  opened  on 
one  of  the  4-column  journal  leaves.  The 
heading  consists  of  the  client's  name,  or 


fit  Is  understood,  of  course,  that  one  cardinal 
principle  of  double-entry  bookkeeping  is  that  every 
time  any  amount  is  debited  to  one  account,  it  must 
be  credited  to  another  account.  This  makes  the 
sum  of  all  the  debits  in  the  ledger  equal  the  sum 
of  all  credits,  and  makes  the  book  balance.  A 
simple  illustration  may  assist  in  forming  a  clear 
conception  of  "Debit"  and  "Credit."  Suppose  the 
reader  goes  to  a  tailor  where  he  has  an  account, 
and  buys  a  suit,  telling  the  Ullor  to  charge  it  As 
the  words  charge  and  debit  mean  the  same  thing, 
the  tailor  debits  It  In  his  bonks  to  the  reader. 
Later,  when  the  reader  pays  the  bill,  he  expects 
the  tailor  to  give  him  credit  for  the  money.  This 
the  tailor  does  by  entering  the  amount  of  the 
check  on  the  credit  side  of  the  reader's  account. 


THE  PROFITS  OF  AN  ARCHITECT. 


345 


counts,     in     the     column     headed 
« fc.i^.-<Mi<,'»rr.'?^     "Drafting"   of   "Superintendence," 
as  the  case  may  be.§ 

In  making  this  distribution,  care 
.  must  be  taken  that  the  debits  are 
'  equal  to  the  credits,  and  a  little 
.  arbitrary  juggling  with  the  odd 
"  cents  may  be  necessary.  It  is  not 
.  likely    that   a    draftsman's    salary, 

■  divided  by  the  number  of  hours 
!  worked  per  week,  is  a  whole  num- 

■  ber.  A  convenient  form  of  pay-roll 
1  and  distribution  sheet  is  illustrated 
-  in  Fig.  1.     Superintendents  should 

be  listed  on  the  same  sheet  in  a 

different  place,  so  as  not  to  confuse 

the  totals,  or  could  have  a  separate 

.  sheet.    The  columns  could  be  made 

■  wider  and  divided  in  two  so  that 
_  hours  as  well  as  amounts  could  be 

set  down.  Draftsmen  could  use 
the  same  form  for  keeping  track  of 
i'to".3o';'^satur'  their  time.  Each  man  would  use 
a  separate  sheet,  Monday's  time  go- 
the  name  of  the  building,  with  the  words  '"«  »"  the  first  line,  Tuesday's  on  the 
"Cost  Account"  immediately  following  second,  and  so  forth, 
in  plain  large  letters.  (If  the  letters  are  ^  ^^h  box  may  be  kept  in  the  offke 
large  and  plain,  there  is  less  likelihood  ^""^  P^«y  expenses.  An  arbitrary  amount, 
of  an  entry  being  made  in  the  cost  ac-  ^ay  $20.00,  is  drawn  from  the  bank  and 
count  which  should  be  in  the  client's  ac-  P'a'^^'l  '"  *^^  box.  No  entry  is  made  on 
count,  and  vice  versa.)  The  headings  of  *'i«  ^>^^^  *>*  *'"«  amount,  as  the  money 
the  columns  are  as  follow.s:  Drafting;  ^as  not  yet  been  spent.  As  money  is 
Superintendence:  Prints.  Drawings  and  withdrawn  from  the  box,  a  memorandum 
bpecifications;  Miscellaneous  and  Gen  "^  ^^e  amount  and  the  proper  charge 
eral  Expense  i  account  is  left,  and  each  week  a  sum  is 

It  is  presumed  that  the  time  of  drafts-  '''"^*"  ^'°"'  ^^e  bank  to  bring  the  cash 
men  is  kept  separately  on  the  different  "P  '«  ^""^"^^y  ?20.00.  This  sum  is  cred- 
contracts  and  also  the  time  of  the  travel-  "^^  '°  "Cash."  as  are  all  withdrawals 
ing  superintendents.  When  the  money  f'"'^'"  ^^^  ^^"^-  ^""^  '^e  items  from  which 
for  salaries  is  drawn  from  the  bank,  the  "  '^  '"^''^  "P  ^""^  charged  to  cost  ac- 
amount  is  entered  in  the  "Cash"  account.     *^''""t^  ""<^"  "Miscellaneous"  or  in  the 


For   thlB   example 

the    working 

day   from   B   to   1;   41 

i   houra  per 

on  the  credit  side,  and  the  amounts  of 
salaries  chargeable  to  the  various  con- 
tracts are  entered  on  the  proper  cost  ac- 


proper  column,  or  to  "General  Expense," 
or  to  the  correct  account,  whatever  it 
may  be. 

When  bills  are  received,  say  from  the 


IThcse  beadlngB  are  •luggeated  b«  aeacrfblng  four 

might  be  dail ruble  In  some  ofBres  or  on  some  fon- 
to   wll«l    iBformBltOD    le   parllrulnrly    de-lVed.      Four 

^  (It  will  be  noticed  I 
li  one. '"but.  °«7l°i^' 

'•f^isii 

■'CreJIf  aid* 
*offlTe\'Fli 

columoB,     boveTer.     will      u^uall]'     provide     for     a 

hardly  ifkelT  tbal  tbei 
DD  the  credit  aides,  ei 

e  would  ever  1 
n   ir  they  were 

ie  any  ' entries 
DroTlded  tor. 

ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


PIGURB    Z— "EXTRA    DEBIT-    LEDGER    LEAF. 


blue- printer  or  the  drafting  material 
dealer,  the  amounts  are  entered  on  the 
credit  side  of  the  account  headed  with 
the  dealer's  name,  and  charged  to  the  cost 
accounts  under  "Blue  Prints"  or  to  "Gen- 
eral Expense,"  as  the  case  may  be.  When 
these  bills  are  paid,  the  amounts  of  the 
checks  are  credited  to  "Cash"  and  debited 
to  the  dealer  to  whom  they  are  sent.  The 
difference  between  the  debit  and  credit 
sides  of  each  of  these  accounts  will  there- 
fore show  how  much  money  is  owed  to 
that  particular  person. 

"General  Expense"  will  be  debited  with 
all  items  not  directly  applicable  to  par- 
ticular cost  accounts,  such  as  rent,  tele- 
phone, (toll  calls  can  frequently  be  di- 
rectly charged  to  cost  accounts,  however, 
and  help  to  tell  the  story  if  so  charged), 
postage,  stationery,  supplies,  etc.  The 
guiding  principle  in  determining  whether 
to  charge  to  cost  accounts  or  to  "General 
Expense"    should    be    to    place    in    the 


former  all  items  directly  applicable,  but 
not  to  attempt  to  split  hairs. 

A  large  porportion  of  the  cost  of  work 
will  necessarily  be  accumulated  in  the 
general  expense  account,  and,  unless 
this  is  distributed  among  the  cost  ac- 
counts, the  latter  will  fail  to  tell  a  true 
story.  No  one  will  deny  that  an  architect 
requires  an  office  and  appurtenances  in 
order  to  handle  his  work  properly.  Tf  so, 
can  anyone  deny  that  the  cost  of  main- 
taining that  office  is  a  part  of  the  cost 
of  his  work  just  as  much  as  is  the  salary 
of  the  draftsman  who  drew  the  plans? 

The  method  of  distribution  is  simple. 
Each  month  the  general  expense  account 
is  added  up  and  divided  into  a  number 
of  parts  equal  to  the  number  of  contracts 
in  hand  in  the  office  during  that  month. 
The  parts  should  not  be  equal,  but  should 
be  approximately  proportional  to  the 
amount  of  time  and  thought  bestowed 
upon  the  several  contracts  that  month. 


i  are  merely  the  entries  II 
arae.  by  April  a7th,  there  t 
secured   March    ISth.    the 


In  the  Pay-RoU  and  Dlatrl 
B.  great  many  entries  on  the 
which  this  Is  charged  to  ell 


THE  PROFITS  OF  AN  ARCHITECT. 


247 


Judgment  will  dictate  the  proportions, 
and — as  there  is  no  possible  way  o£  ar- 
riving at  an  exact  solution — it  is  needless, 
to  attempt  to  split  hairs.  The  amounts 
applicable  to  the  several  cost  accounts 
are  entered  in  the  proper  columns,  and, 
at  the  same  time,  entered  on  the  credit 
side  of  the  general  expense  account.  This 
account  is  consequently  wiped  off  the 
books  once  a  month. 

The  simplest  way  to  handle  the  cost  of 
soliciting  work  is  to  charge  it  to  ''Gen- 
eral Expense."  If,  however,  it  is  desired 
to  learn  the  cost  of  this  important  func- 
tion of  the  business,  a  cost  account  can 
be  opened,  headed  "Soliciting  Work,"  to 
which  all  charges  such  as  sketches,  pic- 
tures and  entertainments  can  be  made. 
The  cost  of  securing  a  contract  could  be 
picked  out  from  this  and  transferred  to 
the  cost  account  of  the  contract,  when 
the  latter  is  opened.  The  balance  spent 
on  unsuccessful  efforts  would  have  to  be 
transferred  to  "General  Expense"  every 
month  or  so.  Both  of  these  transfers 
would  be  made  by  crediting  the  amount 
to  be  transferred  to  "Soliciting  Work" 
and  debiting  it  to  the  cost  account  or  to 
"General  Expense."  It  is  recommended, 
however,  that  no  attempt  be  made  to  sep- 
arate the  cost  of  soliciting  work  from 
other  general  expense  items. 

The  amounts  drawn  by  the  partners 
are  debited  to  them  on  the  pages  devoted 
to  their  personal  accounts,  and  credited 

"Cash." 

As  fast  as  remittances  are  received 
from  clients,  the  amounts  are  entered  on 
the  credit  sides  of  the  clients'  accounts 
and  debited  to  "Cash."  The  difference 
between  the  debit  and  credit  sides  of  each 
client's  account  will  therefore  show  how 
much  money  he  owes  on  account  of  his 
work. 

It  has  been  noted  that  all  money  re- 
ceived has  been  debited  to  the  cash  ac- 
count, and  all  money  withdrawn  h^s 
been  credited  to  same.    It  therefore  fol- 


lows that  the  difference  between  the  two 
sides  of  this  account  represents  the  total 
cash  assets  of  the  business,  and  should, 
of  course,  agree  with  the  bank  balance, 
after  the  cash  box  fund,  say  $20.00,  has 
been  added  to  the  latter.* 

So  far  no  mention  has  been  made  of 
the  "Investment"  account  or  "Furniture 
and  Fixtures."  The  latter  is  self-explan- 
atory. The  former  is  only  used  at  the 
opening  of  the  books,  and  is  credited  with 
the  assets  brought  into  the  business 
which  are  charged  to  the  appropriate  ac- 
counts. Thus,  the  value  of  the  office  fur- 
niture and  fixtures  is  debited  to  that  ac- 
count and  credited  to  "Investment" ;  the 
cash  in  bank  is  debited  to  "Cash"  and 
credited  to  "Investment";  unpaid  bal- 
ances due  from  clients  are  debited  to 
them  and  credited  to  "Investment" ;  debts 
due  are  credited  to  the  proper  parties  and 
debited  to  "Investment." 

At  any  time,  if  entries  have  been  cor- 
rectly made,  the  sum  of  all  the  totals  on 
the  debit  side  of  the  ledger  will  equal  the 
sum  of  all  the  totals  on  the  credit  side. 
A  list  of  these  totals  set  opposite  the 
names  of  the  accounts  is  called  a  trial 
balance.  Books  are  made  for  this  purpose 
which  reduce  the  writing  required  to  the 
lowest  possible  minimum.  It  might  be 
mentioned  that  a  monthly  trial  balance 
would  be  comparatively  little  trouble, 
while,  if  neglected  for  a  year,  it  would 
probably  consume  more  than  twelve  times 
as  much  effort. 

If  it  is  desired  to  charge  the  time  of 
the  principals  of  the  business  to  cost 
accounts,  this  can  readily  be  done  by  fix- 
ing some  arbitrary  rate  per  hour,  and 
charging  this  in  the  "Superintendence" 
column,  crediting  the  same  amounts,  of 

•If  the  cash  aocount  is  conceived  to  be  an  ac- 
count with  the  bank,  a  customer  who  buys  money 
from  the  reader,  the  debits  and  credits  to  this  ac- 
count w;Ill  be  clear.  When  money  is  deposited  in 
the  bank  the  latter  is  buying  money  from  the  de- 
positor, who  therefore  changes  it  to  the  bank,  as  a 
tailor  charges  a  suit  of  clothes  to  a  customer  he 
trusts.  When  the  reader  draws  a  check,  the  bank 
is  paying  its  bill  for  part  of  the  money  it  bought 
a  little  while  berore.  so  the  reader  must  give  the 
Dank  credit  for  this  payment  on  the  cash  account 


248 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING, 


course,  to  the  personal  account  of  the 
principal.  The  principal's  account  might 
thus  be  conceived  to  show  on  the  credit 
side  what  he  has  earned,  and  on  the 
debit  side  what  he  has  drawn. 

If  this  is  done  regularly,  and  the  profits 
on  contracts  (obtained  by  deducting  the 
total  cost  account  from  the  total  re- 
ceived from  client)  are  still  considerable, 
it  shows  that  a  surplus  is  being  accumu- 
lated, and  the  principal  can  afford  to  in- 
crease his  drawing  account,  if  he  so  de- 
sires. It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  con- 
verse will  never  appear! 

The  division  of  the  principal's  time 
will  not  be  a  nuisance,  and  will  furnish  a 
valuable  record  in  the  books.  Nearly 
everybody  carries  an  engagement  book  or 
diary.  It  is  a  simple  matter,  when  trav- 
eling in  a  train  or  street  car,  to  make  a 
few  notes  in  the  book  which  will  indi- 
cate the  work  to  which  the  previous  day 
was  devoted.  Probably  a  half  dozen 
words  each  day  will  suffice.  Accuracy  is 
impossible  and  not  at  all  necessary.  The 
purpose  would  be  almost  as  well  served 
if  the  division  were  made  each  day  by 
the  "right-hand-man"  of  the  office,  who 
usually  knows  fairly  well  what  the  prin- 
cipal is  doing,  or  what  he  was  doing  yes- 
terday.   If  the  architect  does  a  consider- 


able amount  of  his  own  superintending, 
a  division  of  his  time  is  indispensable  if 
-he  wants  to  find  out  what  work  pays  and 
what  work  does  not. 

With  a  set  of  books  kept  in  this  fash- 
ion the  ledger  itself  becomes  each  month 
a  financial  statement ;  it  is  unnecessary  to 
wait  until  the  end  of  the  year  to  see  how 
much  money  the  business  is  really,  eam-r 
ing. 

A  competition  should  be  treated  as  if 
it  were  a  contract  from  a  client,  and  a 
cost  account  should  be  opened  for  it. 
Prizes  can  be  entered  exactly  as  if  they 
were  remittances  from  the  client.  If  no 
prizes  are  won,  the  whole  cost,  showing 
on  the  books  on  the  debit  side  with  noth- 
ing to  balance  it  on  the  credit  side,  will 
reduce  the  total  earnings  of  the  business 
by  just  that  amount. 

The  analysis  of  the  books  to  obtain  the 
answers  to  the  last  four  questions  pro- 
pounded at  the  beginning  of  this  article 
will  not  be  touched  upon  at  this  time,  as 
it  is  a  problem  entirely  separate  from  the 
keeping  of  the  books.  It  cannot  be 
logically  attempted  until  quite  a  number 
of  cost  accounts  have  been  kept  by  this 
method,  or  a  large  number  of  hypothet- 
ical cases  worked  out  in  considerable  de- 
tail from  reliable  data. 


THE   HOLLOW-TILE  FIREPROOF   HOUSE 

Article  VIII — Permanent  Tile  Forms  in  Factory  Construction 
By  FREDERICK  SQUIRES 


THE  use  of  permanent  hollow  tile 
forms  in  pier  construction  next  en- 
gages our  attention.  In  this  connection 
it  may  be  well  to  say  something  about  the 
method  of  manufacture  which  accounts 
for  the  physical  appearance  of  the  hollow 
tile  block.  The  thickness  of  a  piece  of 
clay  that  can  be  burned  successfully  is 
limited  to  the  thickness  of  the  ordinary 
brick.  When  a  bigger  piece  of  clay  is  to 
be  burned  it  must  be  so  divided  that  the 
fire  can  get  at  more  than  .just  the  outer 
surface  and  the  only  way  to  do  this  is 
to  make  it  cellular.  The  only  practical 
way  to  make  a  lump  of  clay  cellular  is  to 
force  it  through  a  die,  and  this  means 
that  the  cells  must  all  run  one  way.  After 
the  clay  has  been  forced  through  the  die 
and  has  come  out  in  cellular  form  it 
must  be  cut  across  at  right  angles  to  the 
cells  in  pieces  of  convenient  length  usual- 
ly about  one  foot  long,  and  these  pieces 
must  be  dried  out  a  little  and  set  up  on 
end  in  kilns  and  subjected  to  fire.  In 
the  upright  position,  there  is  no  part  of 
the  cellular  block  which  offers  any  great 
thickness  of  clay  to  the  fire  and  so  it  is 


readily  burned  to  the  proper  degree  of 
hardness.  It  is  the  requirements  of  this 
manufacturing  process  then,  and  no  other 
causes,  which  give  us  a  hollow-tile  build- 
ing block  with  the  physical  aspect  in 
which  we  find  it  at  the  building.  Were 
it  not  for  the  limitations  of  moulding  and 
burning  clay,  the  block  might  be  any 
other  shape.  Given,  then,  a  large  buildii^ 
block  with  cells  running  in  one  direction 
only  and  open  on  two  of  its  six  sides 
our  problem  is  to  make  the  best  use  of  it 
as  a  building  material.  It  would  seem  to 
be  the  best  way  to  lay  these  blocks  in  a 
wall  on  their  closed  sides  so  as  to  get  a 
good  mortar  bed,  but  on  closer  observa- 
tion it  is  apparent  that  by  so  doing  only 
a  part  of  the  cross-section  of  the  terra- 
cotta is  in  compression.  The  block  must 
have  its  webs  vertical  in  order  to  make 
use  of  all  of  its  cross-section.  But  when 
set  vertically  the  mortar  bed  must  be  on 
the  webs  of  the  lower  block  and  not  on  a 
plane  surface  and  we  are  therefore  con- 
fronted with  the  diflicult  feat  of  balanc- 
ing mortar  on  a  five-eighth-inch  web  and 
bedding  a  forty-pound  block  on  this  pre- 


THE    WHITALL-TATtlM    CO.    FACTORY. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


carious  footing.     It  is  apparent  that  un- 
less this  circus  feat  is  successfully  per- 
formed the  blocks  will  come  in  contact 
vertically  only  at  points  and  not  all  along 
the  webs  and  that  not  all  of  the  cross-sec- 
tion can  be  counted  on  to  do  work.    This 
causes  no  inconvenience  in  houses  where 
the  wall  is  far  stronger  than  required  by 
the  load,  but  it  becomes  a  problem  to  take 
into  account  in  heavily  loaded  pier  con- 
struction. ^ 
Although  the  placing  of  the  blocks  in  p 
the  wall  with  the  cores  vertical  does  not  ^ 
present  a  very  good  horizontal  mortar                  ^ 
bed,  yet  it  invites  a  far  more  powerful                  ^ 
construction    than    any   mortared   unit,                  q 
namely,     the     introduction    of    concrete                  O 
grouting.    Just  as  the  cores  must  be  ver-                  q 
tical  in  the  process  of  manufacture  to                  ^ 
allow  the  fire  to  take  its  characteristic 
upward  course,  so  the  cores  must  be  ver-                  -^ 
tical  in  construction  work  to  let  the  liquid                  i^ 
concrete  take  its  characteristic  downward                  ^ 
flow.   This  grouting  makes  it  possible  to 
count  on  every  particle  of  tile  in  com- 
pression.    It  is.  of  course,  necessary  to  oLC  riO/N' 


THE  HOLLOW-TILE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


THE  ROOF  AND  THE  SKYLIQHTa 


design  the  webs  so  that  when  blocks  are 
placed  one  upon  another  with  the  joints 
broken  the  webs  and  cores  will  corre- 
spond and  the  vertical  channels  be  unin- 
terrupted. I  have  noted  in  previous 
articles  the  value  of  the  air  space  in  the 
hollow  wall  as  a  non-conductor  of 
changes  in  temperature,  in  other  words, 
its  furring  value.  Now  it  would  seem 
that  I  am  advocating  the  destruction  of 
this  furring  in  order  to  obtain  greater 
structural  strength.  But  it  is  easy  to  re- 
tain both  in  the  same  wall,  although  in 
general  practice,  the  advocates  of  each 
are  apt  to  neglect  or  omit  the  other.  It  is 
quite  practicable  to  design  a  block,  some 
of  whose  cells,  either  on  the  inner  or 
outer  side  of  the  wall,  shall  be  grouted 
and  the  remaining  cells  left  open  for 
furring.  Since  the  floor  loads  are  more 
easily  applied  to  the  inner  than  to  the 
outer  surface  of  the  wall,  the  furring 
space  may  better  be  designed  for  the 
outer  surface  of  the  block.  Where  the 
construction  is  that  of  a  bonding  wall  as 
in  "Texture-Tile,"  the  "Texture-Tile" 
block  forms  an  ideal  furring  for  a 
grouted  backing,  as  shown  in  the  illus- 
tration. End  construction  "Texture- 
Tile,"  where  the  cores  are  horizontal, 
forms  a  better  insulation  than  vertical 
cores,  the  air  in  which  is  apt  to  be  in  cir- 
culation, owing  to  the  tendency  of  heated 
air  to  rise  in  the  vertical  chambers.  The 
bonding  course  can  readily  be  designed 


to  tie  in  with  the  grouted  backing.  In 
designing  a  block  for  vertical  grouting, 
it  is  well  to  make  a  double  web  in  the 
center  to  provide  a  bearing  for  the  webs 
above  with  an  allowance  for  the  joints 
between  the  blocks. 

The  final  illustration  shows  a  method 
of  constructing  all  parts  of  a  factory 
building  in  permanent  hollow-tile  forms. 
In  order  not  to  complicate  the  drawing 
the  scheme  for  furring  blocks  just  de- 
scribed has  been  omitted.  The  Whitall- 
Tatum  factory  employed  many  of  the 
underlying  principles  shown  in  the  last 
drawing.  In  part  of  the  building,  per- 
manent tile  floor  forms  were  used,  but 
not  of  so  advanced  a  type  as  the  beveled 
block  two-way  system. 

The  lintels  and  girders  were  of  con- 
crete, but  not  in  permanent  hollow-tile 
forms.  For  this  reason  they  could  not 
be  plastered.  Piers  were  originally  de- 
signed like  the  piers  here  shown,  but  lack 
of  time  kept  the  contractor  from  making 
the  special  die.  He  was  allowed  to  sub- 
stitute a  permanent  tile  form  built  of 
small  blocks  surrounding  a  lai^e  central 
core  which  was  reinforced  and  poured 
with  concrete.  All  the  curtain  wall  tile 
were  interlocked  by  grouting,  but  this,  I 
believe,  to  have  been  a  waste  of  good 
steel  and  concrete  as  these  curtain  walls 
will  never  be  called  on  to  take  any  load. 

Stucco  and  plaster  on  tile  have  taken 
away  all  the  gloom  of  the  average  red 


THE  HOLLOW-TILE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE, 


253 


THE  PERMANENT  TILE  FORMS  BUILT 
OP  SMALL  BLOCKS  EMPLOYED  IN  THE 
CONSTRUCTION  OF  THE  WHITALL-TA- 
TUM  CO.   FACTORY. 

brick  and  mill-constructed  factory  and 
have  replaced  it  with  brightness  and  good 
cheer. 

The  Whitall-Tatum  Company  factory 
had  another  virtue  beside  good  construc- 
tion. It  was  cheap.  Built  in  a  brick 
country,  with  its  footings  actually  in 
brick  clay,  it  was  built  of  concrete,  in 
permanent  tile  forms,  at  a  lower  figure 


than  any  of  the  proposals  to  do  the  work 
in  brick. 

In  concluding  this  article  on  pennanent 
hollow  tile  forms  in  factory  construc- 
tion, I  would  say  that  such  forms  offer 
the  advantage  of  a  positive  surface  for 
plaster  and  stucco.  In  the  case  of  floors 
they  give  depth  to  the  beam  lightness  to 
the  construction  and  the  part  of  the  tile 
above  the  neutral  axis  of  the  beams  does 
actual  structural  work  in  compression. 
As  lintel  and  girder  forms  they  permit 
speedy  work  in  erection  and  in  the  case 
of  the  wall  girder  may  be  built  on  be- 
fore the  concrete  is  set.  The  strength  of 
the  pier  may  be  increased  by  grouting 
without  wasting  material  on  the  curtain 
walls,  or  piers  may  be  dispensed  with  and 
a  wall  of  uniform  thickness,  but  of  vary- 
ing bearing  capacity  be  readily  produced. 
Also  adequate  furring  spaces  may  be  re- 
tained. All  this  may  be  done, — strong, 
light  floors,  quickly  erected  girders  and 
lintels,  powerful  piers,  sure  plastering 
surfaces  obtained,  and  in  the  end  the 
finished  product  will  stand  the  final  test 
— Economy. 


AKCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


THE  CHICAGO  TELEPHONE  BUILDING.  CHICAGO.   H-L 
Interlor  Woodwork:  Matthews  Bro.'a  Mfg.  Co.  Holiiblrd   &    Roche. 

Evans'  CreBcent  Expanslun  Bolta  Used. 
"■--  "ipanslon  Bol"     " 

"Hnblrahaw   Wire   Co. 
Hose:    W,    L).    Alien   MCg,   Co. 


STUDENTS'   DETAILS  OF  CONSTRUCTION 


Architectural  Department,  University  of  Pennsylvania 


THE  town  hall  shown  in  the  first  of 
the  students'  drawings  of  the  de- 
partment of  architecture  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  in  this  issue  illus- 
trates the  student's  constructional  scheme 
of  a  portion  of  this  building.  The  prob- 
lem in  design  was  for  a  town  hall  to  be 
located  on  one  side  of  a  public  square 
around  which  were  to  be  grouped  other 
municipal  buildings.  In  the  program  for 
the  design  problem  the  questions  of  site, 
the  basement,  first  story,  second  story  and 
dimensions  were  all  given  and  the  re- 
quirements stated  in  regard  to  the  num- 
ber of  drawings,  the  scale,  the  time  for 
completion,  etc.  In  the  drawings  the 
elevation  of  one  of  the  end  bays  is 
shown  and  the  remainder  of  the  sheet 
is  given  up  to  detailed  drawings  of  the 
construction  of  the  various  portions  of 
this  bay  drawn  to  a  scale  on  the  orig- 
inal drawing  of  ^-inch  to  the  foot. 
The  drawings  show  the  student's  solu- 
tion of  the  construction,  including  the 
dressed-stone  facing  and  dormer  win- 
dow and  balustrades,  the  fireproof 
mansard  roof,  the  fireproof  floors,  the 
interior  finish,  the  steel  supports,  etc. 

As  has  been  stated  before,  regarding 
these  drawings  illustrating  the  coordina- 
tion of  design  and  construction  in  the 
scheme  of  architectural  education  in  our 
schools,  the  drawings  themselves  may 
show  the  occasional  and  unavoidable  in- 
accuracies of  students'  work;  but  they 
are  generally  correct,  acceptable  and  ap- 
proved examples  of  architectural  con- 
struction— practical  in  every  sense  of  the 
word.  Of  course,  the  beginners,  the  first 
and  second-year  men  in  the  schools,  are 
unable  to  undertake  problems  of  this 
character,  which  are  given  to  the  upper 
classmen  only;  but  it   is  observed  that 


even  in  these  younger  men  a  much  great- 
er interest  is  taken  in  the  most  element- 
ary principles  of  construction,  as  they 
see  the  possibilities  of  its  further  de- 
velopment and  its  practical  applica- 
tion later  on  to  their  own  problems  in 
design. 

The  second  illustration  shows  a  por- 
tion of  the  front  elevation  of  a  war 
museum  and  details  of  the  construction 
of  portions  of  the  same.  In  the  design 
problem  for  this,  a  portion  of  the  state- 
ment of  the  problem  read  as  follows: 
*Tn  Richmond,  Va.,  it  is  proposed  to 
erect  a  building  which  is  to  serve  as  a 
repository  and  exhibition  hall  for 
Confederate  relics,  paintings  and  sculp- 
ture, together  with  writings  and  other 
data  relating  to  the  late  Confederacy. 
It  is  to  be  on  the  order  of  a  small  mu- 
seum and  art-gallery  combined,  is  in- 
tended to  be  the  final  place  of  deposit  for 
collections  of  Confederate  relics  and  data, 
and  is  to  serve,  in  regard  to  both  its  ex- 
terior and  interior,  as  a  memorial  build- 
ing for  the  placing  from  time  to  time  of 
commemorative  tablets  and  statues.  The 
style  of  the  building  should  be  of  a  dig- 
nified, monumental  character." 

The  above  quotation  will  serve  to  in- 
dicate the  nature  of  the  problem  as 
far  as  design  is  concerned.  The  pro- 
gram, of  course,  goes  much  further 
into  detail  in  regard  to  questions  of 
planning,  method  of  lighting,  area  of 
the  building,  etc. 

The  sheet  containing  illustrations 
from  this  problem  by  the  students  tak- 
ing the  course  in  construction  shows 
one-half  elevation  to  a  small  scale  of 
the  main  building  and  the  rest  of 
the  sheet  is  devoted  to  scale  de- 
tails   drawn    to    «^4-inch    to    the    foot. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Dcalgned  by  Ch«rUa  O.  Beeraroan. 


DETAILS  OF  CONSTRUCTION. 


DeBlgned  by  George  Dick. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


2s«£^eU 


RESIDENCE  OF  MR.  /.  M.  SPARKMAN. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


H.  W.  JQHNS-MANnU.E  CO.  RUILDINC. 


H.     W.    JOHNS-MANVIIXK    TO.    BUILDING.       HALL    TO    GXECUTIVK    UFFK'ES,     IITH 

FLCOT!.      KETAIL    1>T:I*AIITMHNT,    1ST    FLOOR. 
Floors;  Denton  &  Co.  Auguslus  N.  Allen.  Archlteci. 

Svans'  Crescent  Bxpanslon  Bolta  Used. 
Ornamental  Plaster  and  Artincial   Docoriillve  Stone:  Jatobsor  &  Co. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


The  Jolins-Manvilk  building  was  de- 
signed by  Augustus  N.  Alien.  The  Will- 
iam Crawford  Co.  were  the  builders. 
Throughout  the  construction  tlie  varied 
products  for  use  in  building  construction 
made  by  the  H.  W.  Johns-Manville  Com- 
pany were  employed.  Sidewalks  and  ce- 
ment floors  were  laid  by  Denton  &  Com- 
pany. The  ornamental  plaster  and  stone 
decoration  were  done  by  Jacobson  &  Com- 
pany. 

The  Manice  building  was  designed  by 
Wallace  and  Goodwillie.  It  has  been  built 
on  a  site  formerly  occupied  by  four  of 
Madison  Avenue's  old  brown  stone  resi- 
dences at  the  corner  of  Madison  Avenue 
and  32d  Street.  The  building  is  twelve- 
stories  in  heieht  and  is  of  steel  frame  con- 
struction. The  Empire  Holding  Co. 
erected  the  building.  The  structural  steel 
was  erected  by  the  Radley  Steel  Construc- 
tion Co.  The  painting  and  decorating 
were  done  by  John  P.  Bengtson. 

This  building  is  protected  by  an  auto- 
matic sprinkler  system,  which  was  installed 
by  the  Rockwood  Sprinkler  Co. 


MANICE  BUILDING. 


THE  MANICE  BUILDING,   32U  aTBEET  AND   .M.' 
ralntlng  and  Decorating:  :John  P.  Benectson. 
tjtar  Expansion  Bolts  Used. 
Structural   Ste«l:      Radley  Steel  Conatructjon  Co. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


ENTRANCE     AND     HALLWAY     OF     THK     FRANCK: 
Corbin  Hardware.  C 

American  Steel  Side  Saah  Pulleys  Used, 
Qrinnell    Automatic    Sprinkler    Prolectlon. 


I   Fronta   and    1 


The    Gorhar 


FRANCl:S  BUILDING. 


TiiK  FiiANci'Js  iiiii.niM;.  ; 

lail    STUIilOT    . 

\Ni)  on 

Klrviirimf   Windows:      .S,    H.    IV.nie 
Electrical  Contiuctxr:  J.  L,[vlngBtc 
Copper   Work   and   Cornlcea;   Arch 
UtlH  Elevators. 

iiiy   U.I..    ln<.\ 
in  &  Co. 
Uectural   Metal 

Workf 

ARCHITECTURE    AND   BUILDING. 


CHICAGO. 

Boilers;  Murray  Iron  1. ,- 

Terra-Cotta:   Northwestern  Terra-Cotta  Co. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Otis  Elevator  Company 

Announce  their  Removal.on  or  about  June  15, 1912 

to  their  New  Building 

Eleventh  Avenue  and  Twenty-sixth  Street 

New  York 


Otia 
Elevator 
BuUdIng 


Which,  through  concentration  of  the  General  Offices  and  Metropolitan 
District  Departments  under  one  roof,  provides  for  the  benefit  of  the 
users  of  Otis  Elevator  -IVoducts,  the  most  complete  "Supply"  and 
"Service"  Organization  of  any  Elevator  Company  in  the  World. 


The  achievement  of  this  Company  in 

Krfecting  the  highest  type  of  Elevators 
5  gained  for  our  product  recognition  as 
the  standard  of  excellence  throughout  the 
dvilized  world,—  and  while  the  best  batlt 
and  least  la  need  ot  "aervlce"  and 
repairs,  users  of  Otis  products  are,  through 
this  concentration  and  enlargement  of 
facilities,  protected  by  a  "Service" 
OrgantzatioB  as  pert^  as  the  product 
hselt. 


In  addition  to  housing  all  the  Genera] 
Office?  of  the  Company  there  will  be  kept  on 
hand  at  all  times  a  full  line  ot  all  parts 
and  supplies  ready  tor  Immediate  de- 
livery. Our  "Service  "  Organization  will 
include  factory-trained  experts  thoroughly 
familiar  with  Elevator  construction,  who, 
with  our  Automobile  Service  for  expe- 
diting the  delivery  of  needed  parts,  will  be 
on  call  at  all  times,— -D^ys,  Nights,  Sun- 
days and  Holidays. 


(New)  Telephone  7500  Chelsea 
Private  Branch  Exchange  Connecting  All  Departments 


.1  Freight  ElFVators:— Otis 
Ptiire   nnd    RulldlnR, 


£8 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


The  exterior  is  of  classic  design,  made  up 
wholly  of  buflF  limestone,  with  a  main  en- 
trance finished  in  Hauteville  marble.  The 
first  story  is  fitted  for  high  class  stores, 
while  the  upper  floors  are  arranged  for 
offices.  There  are  five  Otis  elevators  of 
the  traction  type.  All  the  upper  halls  and 
stairs  are  finished   in    Hauteville  marble. 

The  Frances  Building,  designed  by  C.  P. 
H.  Gilbert,  and  built  by  Charles  A.  Cowen 
&  Co.,  is  equipped  with  fireproof  windows 
supplied  by  S.  H.  Pomeroy  Co.,  Inc.  The 
corner  work  and  cornices  were  supplied  by 
the  Architectural  Metal  Works.  J.  Liv- 
ingston &  Company  were  the  electrical 
contractors,  and  the  hardware  was  manu- 
factured by  P.  and  F.  Corbin.  J.  J.  Spurr 
&  Son  furnished  the  limestone;  Sayre  & 
Fisher  Co.  furnished  the  brick;  the  terra- 
cotta was  supplied  by  the  N.  Y.  Architec- 
tural Terra-Cotta  Co.,  and  the  bronze 
work  was  done  by  the  Gorham  Co. 

The  building  is  protected  by  an  auto- 
matic sprinkler  system,  installed  by  the 
Goieral  Fire  Extinguisher  Co. 


next  span.  Use  closely  spaced  hoops  in  all 
columns.  And  see  that  the  concrete  is  hard 
before  the  shores  are  removed.' 


tf 


The  new  general  office  building  of  the 
Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy  Railroad 
Co.  was  designed  by  Marshall  &  Fox.  The 
design  shows  a  19-story  structure,  and  the 
permit  calls  for  a  buildinsr  of  such  a  height, 
but  only  15  stories  are  now  being  erected. 
The  exterior  is  of  enameled  brick  and  terra- 
cotta supplied  by  the  Northwestern  Terra 
Cotta  Co.  McNulty  Bros,  did  the  plaster- 
ing. The  boiler  equipment  was  put  in  by 
the  Murray  Iron  Works  Co. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


REINFORCED  CONCRETE  BUILDINGS. 
By  Ernest  L.  Ransome  and  Alexis  Saur- 
brey.  New  York:  McGraw-Hill  3ook 
Company.  Price,  $2.50  net. 
This  volume  presents  matters  of  interest  «:o 
an  experienced  engineer  concerning  reinforced 
concrete.  It  is  not  written  for  the  practical 
or  the  untrained  man.  It  is  not  an  encyclo- 
pedia of  civil  and  hydraulic  engineering.  But, 
on  the  other  hand,  it  contains  much  informa- 
tion not  elsewhere  readily  obtainable  in  its 
history  of  reinforced  concrete  and  its  refer- 
ence to  basic  patents.  So  much  for  the  first 
part  of  the  work.  The  second  part  deals  with 
the  theoretical  analysis  of  structural  mem- 
bers. The  third  part  deals  with  practical  con- 
struction. Throughout  there  are  to  be  found 
well  chosen  illustrations  both  of  early  work 
and  of  recent  and  most  approved  construc- 
tion. A  short  chapter  on  accidents  sounds  a 
warning  against  careless  construction,  but 
even  more  against  careless  and  ignorant  de- 
sign which,  we  may  safely  say,  is,  in  the 
opinion  of  most  experts  in  concrete,  the  under- 
lying cause  of  failures.  In  closing  the  chapter 
the    authors    say    "Tie    all    steel    bars    into    the 


CONCRETE  AND  STUCCO  HOUSES.  By 
Oswald  Hering,  A.  I.  A.  New  York: 
McBride,  Nast  &  Co.  Price,  $2  net;  post- 
age 20  cents. 
This  book  is  even  more  than  its  title  indi- 
cates; or  even  than  is  indicated  by  that  title 
which  the  author  states  in  his  preface  was  his 
original  conception,  but  which  was  too  un- 
wieldy for  use  as  a  title.  The  use  and  abuse 
of  concrete  and  stucco  in  their  application  to 
the  rural  and  suburban  architecture  of 
America.  The  book  is  really  a  delightful 
essay  on  suburban  residence  life  and  archi- 
tecture. In  the  brief  text  Mr.  Hering  tells  as 
of  the  advantage  of  location  or  the  setting 
of  the  house,  and  shows  in  splendid  illustra- 
tions some  suburban  developments  which  may 
be  considered  successful  from  the  standpoint 
of  their  units, — the  homes  therein, — ^and  the 
setting  as  a  whole,  or  the  landscape  effect  of 
the  entire  tracts.  The  first  portion,  under  the 
title  of  "country  and  suburban  development," 
forms  an  introductory  to  his  conception  of  the 
house  itself.  In  the  following  pages  the  well 
chosen  and  beautiful  illustrations  supplement 
the  text  in  a  true  sense.  The  book  is  not 
technical.  Mr.  Hering  has  written  it  more 
directly  to  the  man  who  proposes  to  build 
than  to  the  architectural  profession,  and  a 
perusal  of  its  pages  should  leave  the  average 
reader  generally  informed  as  to  the  various 
methods  of  constructing  a  stucco  or  concrete 
house,  and  constructing  it  well.  Mr.  Hering 
has  considered  both  stucco  on  a  wooden 
frame  and  fully  fireproof  construction.  The 
closing  chapter  of  the  essay  is  entitled  the 
"Dawn  of  American  Architecture."  In  this 
Mr.  Hering  moralizes  architecturally  and  in- 
terestingly, pointing  out  that  in  reinforced 
concrete  we  may  develop  a  new — and  lasting 
— American   architecture. 


SUBURBAN  HOMES  WITH  CONSTRUC- 
TIVE DETAILS  by  Numerous  Architects. 
Second  Edition,  completely  revised.    Pub- 
lished  by   the    David   Williams   Co.,    New 
York.    Price,  $1.00. 
This   is  the  fourth   volume  of  the   Building: 
Age  series  of  designs.    The  designs  have  been 
selected  with  a  view  to  bringing  out  some  par- 
ticular feature  of  each   that   is  of  more  than 
usual  interest.     The  illustrations    show    a    few 
brick    and    stone    structures,    but    the    greater 
number  are  of  frame  construction  covered  with 
either  shingle  or  stucco,  and  the  costs  of  the 
houses   range   from   $4,000   to   $24,000.    There 
are  twenty-three   designs   in  all,  the   work  of 
reputable     architects.      While     the     buildings 
shown  will  undoubtedly  be  adversely  criticized 

{Continued  on  Page  32) 


ARCHITECTURE    AND   BUILDING. 


When   wrlUnK  Advertliers,  please  mention   Architecture 


20 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Art  and  Architecture 


THE  REPEAL  OF  THE  TARSNEY  ACT. 
As  a  rider  on  the  Sundry  Civil  bill  we  find  an- 
other objectionable  piece  of  legislation  in  the 
repeal  of  the  Tarsney  act.  This  act,  passed 
some  fifteen  years  ago,  empowered  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  at  his  discretion  to  obtain 
plans  in  competition  from  architects  in  private 
practice  for  public  buildings  erected  by  the 
Treasury  Department.  this  included  the  ma- 
jority of  Federal  buildings,  and  the  result  of 
the  act  has  been  to  bring  about  a  great  im- 
provement in  the  architectural  design  of  our 
public  buildings  throughout  the  country.  The 
New  York  Custom  House  as  an  architectural 
example  far  exceeds  the  Mullet  post  office,  and 
with  the  improvement  in  the  standard  of  our 
public  taste,  it  will  be  a  source  of  regret  to  the 
public  at  large  as  well  as  to  the  architectural 
profession  if  this  reversion  to  the  system  which 
produced  the  latter  building  should  take  place. 
The  repeal  of  the  Tarsney  act  unless  some  bet- 
ter provision  for  the  design  of  public 
buildings  is  at  once  made,  would  mean  that 
the  ability  of  the  architectural  talent  of  the 
country  would  no  longer  be  exercised  in  the 
production  of  our  public  buildings,  and  that  all 
public  buildings  would  be  erected  by  the  super- 
vising architect  of  the  Treasury  as  sole  author- 
ity. Provided  that  the  occupant  of  that  position 
was  of  the  greatest  possible  personal  ability,  pos- 
sessing the  broadest  conceivable  ideas  as  to  the 
architectural  styles  and  the  fitness  of  them  to 
sites,  it  is  inconceivable  that  such  an  individual 
cou^a  in  any  way  equal  the  results  of  the  pres- 
ent competitive  method  which  attracts  the  brains 
and  ingenuity  of  the  architectural  profession  at 
large  to  compete  in  the  designing  and  beautify- 
ing of  our  public  buildings  which  are,  in  a  sense, 
the   monuments  of  the  nation. 


1  he  following  contribution  voices  a  different 
op,iiion  of  the  Tarsney  Act: 

THE   "TARSNEY"  ACT, 

In  some  quarters  there  is  heard  a  wail  be- 
cause Congress  plans  the  abolishing  of  the  "Tars- 
ney" act,  that  legislation  whereby  the  biggest 
Government  buildings  have  been  given  out  to 
private  architects  via  the  competition  route. 
That  those  of  the  inner  circle  who  have  gen- 
erally secured  the  plums  should  wail  is  under- 
standable, but  that  the  profession  generally 
should  protest  simply  goes  to  show  how  ab- 
j  "I  tly  the  rank  and  file  follow  the  lead  and  up- 
hold the  interests  of  the  aforesaid  "inner  circle." 
The  profession  at  large  has  not  been  benefited 
by  the  Tarsney  act,  nor  has  it  been  of  advan- 
tage to  the  Government,  and  therefore  to  the 
people    generally. 

The  proposed  repeal  is  in  the  Sundry  Civil 
Bill,  so  is  more  than  apt  to  pass  whether  the  In- 
stitute  protests  or  not.     That  protest,  as   far  as 


the  rank  and  file  are  concerned,  is  perfunctory, 
and  simply  because  the  act  originated  in  the  In- 
stitute. A  case  of  upholding  a  thing  because  one 
suggested  it,  and  utterly  regardless  of  whether 
it  did  good  or  harm,  what  is  called  a  "blind  par- 
tisan support." 

I  think  I  am  perfectly  safe  in  saying  that  the 
legislation  has  done  no  good.  The  buildings 
carried  on  by  private  architects  have  been  no 
better  than  the  regular  governmental  product, 
have  been  the  cause  of  endless  rows  and  trouble, 
and  have  cost  more  to  produce  than  those  done 
in  the  usual  way.  I  have  followed  the  Tarsney 
Act  products  rather  carefully,  have  had  much 
to  do  with  some  and  believe  that  I  am  com- 
petent to  affirm  that  that  legislative  effort  is  a 
good   one — to   repeal. 

The  private  architect  has  to  get  his  informa- 
tion from  the  Supervising  Architect  in  order  to 
plan  the  building.  The  latter  office,  in  the 
natural  course  of  things,  must  have  forgotten 
more  about  the  needs  of  a  government  building 
than  the  private  practitioner  can  learn  in  a  life- 
time. Then  the  supervision  of  the  work  is  done 
by  the  regular  Government  force  anyway;  so 
are  the  accounts  kept  by  it.  It  all  means  end- 
less duplication  of  work  by  Department  and  pri- 
vate practitioner.  Really  the  only  thing  the  lat- 
ter rules  supremely  is  the  artistic  part,  the  ex- 
terior design  and  the  interior  finish.  And  I  fail 
to  find  a  solitary  instance  where  the  private 
architect  has  produced  a  handsomer,  a  more 
artistic  structure  than  those  designed  by  the  Su- 
pervising Architect's  office. 

The  Tarsney  Act  was  passed  because  the  Gov- 
ernment work  had  been  so  abominably  ugly  and 
because  of  the  endless  scandals  and  crookedness 
that  had  existed  in  handling  it.  But  contempo- 
raneous legislation  and  new  appointments  cleaned 
up  that  office,  and  so  effectually  that  for  a  long 
time  now  it  has  been  known  that  the  Tarsney 
Act  was  simply  a  means  of  giving  good  fat 
commissions  and  e.xtra  renown  to  a  few  select 
architects  and  not  the  remedial  legislation  it  was 
originally   planned   to   be. 

A  much  better  scheme  would  seem  to  be  "col- 
laboration" rather  than  these  so-called  "Tarsney 
Competitions/'  Let  the  Supervising  Architect's 
office  design  and  carry  on  and  build  the  Govern- 


HOWARD  M.  INGHAM 

MEM.  AM.  SOC.  M.  £. 

Industrial  Engineer 

SPECIALIST   IX    THE  ^ 

INSTALLATION   OP 

Simple^  Direct^  Effective  Methods 

of 
Office  Management 

i6o  FIFTH  AVE.,  NEW  YORK 


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ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


21 


I.  MORITZ.  P^. 


Telephooe  164  Plaia 


Architectural  Metal  Works 

SKYLIGHTS 

CXDRNICES    AND     ROORNG 

CORRUGATED  IRON  WORK 

1192-1104  SECOND  AVENUE NEW  YORK 

ment  buildings.  It  is  the  best  equipped  and  most 
capable  office  in  the  land  for  that  function,  any- 
way. Then  appoint  and  pay  a  "Collaborating 
Commission"  of  private  architects  to  work  with 
the  Supervising  Architect  to  secure  the  best 
and  most  artistic  structure  possible.  That  is  in 
the  big  cities  only,  of  course,  buildings  of  $300,- 
000  or  over.  Let  it  be  a  local  commission,  three 
or  four  of  the  best  local  architects,  men  of  abil- 
ity, men  elected  for  that  work  by  their  fellows 
or  local  Chapter  of  the  A.  I.  A. 

Such  a  Board  of  Commissioners  will  have  lo- 
cal pride  enough  to  really  exercise  its  privileges 
of  criticism  and  suggestion,  and  see  to  it  that 
that  building  will  be  one  worth  while;  the 
knowledge  that  there  is  to  be  such  a  Board 
that  will  go  over  its  work  will  keep  the  Super- 
vising Architect's  office  always  keyed  up  to  it* 
best,  and  the  combination  of  the  two  bodies,  real- 
ly collaborating  and  working  together,  cannot 
fail  but  produce  infinitely  better  results  than  that 
achieved  by  an  individual  who  has  merely  hap- 
pened to  hit  the  fancy  of  the  best  talker  of  the 
judges  who  preside  in  the  more  or  less  farcical 
competition    performance. 

The  Government  competition  is  pretty  sure  to 
be  a  dead  letter  ere  this  is  in  print,  and  I 
would  most  earnestly  advise  the  architects  to 
clamor  for  "COLLABORATION"  as  a  new 
plank  in  their  platform.  A  trial  is  the  least 
that  could  be  done.  If  they  want  it  let  them  get 
busy  and  approve  of  the  scheme  to  their  legis- 
lators and  representatives  to  whom  it  will  al- 
readv  have  been  suggested. 

F.    W.    FlTZPATRICK, 


Coupled     with    this    proposed    legislation,    we 
cannot   refrain   from   commenting   Hpon   the   fact 


I 


=1 


Francis  W.  Collins 

Assoc.  Mem.  A.  S.  G.  E. 
Mem*  A.  I.  M.  £■ 

CONSULTING 

ENGINEER 

50  CHURCH  ST.,  HUDSON  TERMINAL 
NEW  YORK  CITY 

Investigations,  Valuations, 
Scientific  Organization  and  Management 


J 


that  Mr.  Walter  B.  Griffin,  of  Chicago,  has  just 
won  the  first  prize  of  $8,750  in  the  international 
competition  for  the  new  capital  city  of  Australia. 
This  prize  was  won  amid  an  assemblage  of  the 
famous  architects  of  the  world,  it  may  be  said, 
and  the  winning  design  of  this  great  compe- 
tition will  unquestionably  make  the  four-mile 
square  of  the  new  Australian  federal  territory 
one  of  the  finest  examples  of  civic  and  govern- 
mental architecture  to  be  found  in  the  world. 
That  other  governments  appreciate  the  value  of 
the  competitive  method  there  can  be  no  better 
evidence.  The  site  of  this  Australian  "District 
of  Columbia"  is  an  elevated  plateau  165  miles 
.southwest  of  Sidney,  in  New  South  Wales.  It 
is  encircled  with  hills  and  very  well  watered, 
presenting  an  ideal  location  for  a  federal  city. 
The  competition  won  by  Mr.  Griffin  was  not  for 
the  design  of  individual  buildings,  but  for  the 
municipal  scheme.  What  UEnfant  did  for 
America,  in  designing  our  capital  at  Washing- 
ton, we  may  hope  that  Mr.  Griffin  may  produce 
for  Australia. 


THE  ART  OF  COMBUSTIBLE  ARCHITEC- 

TURE. 

This  is  the  title  given  by  Edward  Atkinson  to 
the  art,  under  the  practice  of  which  the  rule  of 
danger  rather  than  of  safety  marks  nine  out  of 
ten  of  the  works,  warehouses,  hotels,  hospitals, 
churches  and  other  principal  buildings  of  the 
United  States.  Referring  to  college  and  school- 
houses,  of  which  485  were  burned  in  one  year, 
he  had  "never  found  a  class  of  building  in  which 
heavy  damage  or  complete  destruction  had  been 
r'»or€  adequately  provided  for  by  the  masters  of 
combustible   architecture." 

Referring  to  churches  and  to  a  proposition 
for  organizing  a  mutual  insurance  company  for 
the  insurance  and  prevention  of  fire  in  churches, 
of  which  about  twelve  are  burned  per  week,  4ie 
states  that  church  members  "by  such  a  combina- 
tion might  be  assured  against  cremation  in  this 
world,  if  not  in  the  next." 

{Continued  on  page  34) 


OBITUARY 

John  Thatcher,  Superintendent  of  Buildings 
for  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  was  accidentally 
killed  by  the  falling  of  a  scaffold  while  in  the 
pursuit  of  his  duties  of  inspecting  a  building. 
Previous  to  his  service  as  Superintendent  of 
Buildings,  Mr.  Thatcher  was  Superintendent  of 
Sewers.  He  was  formerly  a  member  of  John 
Thatcher  &  Son,  Builders,  and  as  the  head  of 
that  firm  constructed  many  important  buildings 
in  Brooklyn  and  Manhattan.  Mr.  Thatcher  was 
59  years  old,  and  is  survived  by  his  wife,  son, 
and    four    daughters. 


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22 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


Fireproof ing   and    Fire-Protection 

MR.  G.  H.  STEWART 


AN  ACT  TO  AMEND  THE  LABOR  LAW, 
IN  RELATION  TO  AUTOMATIC 
SPRINKLERS. 

Became  a  law  April  15,  1912,  with  the  ap- 
proval of  the  Governor.  Passed,  three-fifths 
being  present. 

The  People  of  the  State  of  New  York,  rep- 
resented in  Senate  and  Assembly,  do  enact  as 
follows: 

Section  1.  Article  six  of  chapter  thirty-six 
of  the  laws  of  nineteen  hundred  and  nine,  en- 
titled "An  act  relating  to  labor,  constituting 
■  chapter  thirty-one  of  the  consolidated  laws," 
i»  hereby  amended  by  inserting  therein  a  new 
section,  to  be  section  eighty-three-b,  to  read 
as  follows: 

§83-b.  Automatic  sprinklers.  In  every  fac- 
tory building  over  seven  stories  or  over 
ninety  feet  in  height  in  which  wooden  floor- 
ing or  wooden  trim  is  used  and  more  than 
two  hundred  people  are  regularly  employed 
above  the  seventh  floor  or  more  than  ninety 
feet  above  the  ground  level  of  such  building, 
the  owner  of  the  building  shall  install  an 
automatic  sprinkler  system  approved  as  to 
form  and  manner  in  the  city  of  New  York 
by  the  fire  commissioner  of  such  city,  and 
elsewhere,  by  the  State  fire  marshal.  Such 
installation  shall  be  made  within  one  year 
after  this  section  takes  effect,  but  the  fire 
commissioner  of  the  city  of  New  York  in  such 
city  and  the  State  fire  marshal  elsewhere  may, 
for  good  cause  shown,  extend  such  time  fpr 
an  additional  year.  A  failure  to  comply 
with  this  section  shall  be  a  misdemeanor  as 
provided  by  section  twelve  hundred  and 
seventy-five  of  the  penal  law  and  the  pro- 
visions hereof  shall  also  be  enforced  in  the 
city  of  New  York  by  the  fire  commissioner  of 
such  city  in  the  manner  provided  by  title 
three  of  chapter  fifteen  of  the  Greater  New 
York  charter,  and  elsewhere  by  the  State  fire 
marshal  in  the  manner  provided  by  article 
ten-a  of  the  insurance  law. 

§2.  This  act  shall  take  effect  immediately, 


A  LESSON  THAT  WAS  NEEDED. 

Fire  last  spring  completely  destroyed  a  depart- 
ment store  in  Reading,  Pa.,  the  loss  as  finally  ad- 
justed with  the  insurance  companies  being  $269,- 
000.  The  new  building,  five  stories  in  height,  is 
of  fireproof  construction,  but  to  take  care  of  the 
valuable  and  burnable  contents  a  complete  system 
of  automatic  sprinklers  has  been  installed,  served 
by  a  large  gravity  tank  and  a  pressure  tank  on 
the  roof. 

The  subdivision  of  the  losses  as  adjusted  shows 
how  very  important  the  question  of  contents  is 
as  compared  with  buildings.     The  adjusted  loss 


on  the  building  was  $39,300;  on  merchandise  and 
fixtures  the  figure  was  $229,700,  which  is  about 
85  per  cent,  of  the  total.  The  ordinary  concrete 
or  other  form  of  fireproof  building  is  itself  proof 
again  burning,  but  it  p^ives  only  a  very  limited 
protection  to  its  contents.  This  makes  the  use 
of  automatic  sprinklers  almost  imperative  in 
cases  where  large  values  are  brought  together,  as 
in  department  stores  or  similar  establishments. 


A   NEW  SPRINKLER  CO. 

A  new  company,  known  as  the  United  States 
Automatic  Sprinkler  Company,  has  recently  been 
formed  to  engage  in  the  business  of  manufactur- 
ing and  installing  fire  equipments — ^pumps,  hy- 
drant systems  and  fire  protection  appliances.  The 
company  has  executive  offices  at  258  Broadway, 
New  York  City,  and  several  machine  shops  and  a 
large  warehouse  in  Brooklyn.  The  president  of 
the  new  company  is  Mr.  W.  Gerald  Hawes,  who 
is  a  well-known  engineer  in  the  fire  protection 
and  insurance  fields.  A.  B.  and  W.  A.  Crowder, 
of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  inventors  and  patentees  of  the 
Crowder  sprinkler  head,  constitute  an  advisory 
board  for  the  United  States  Automatic  Sprinkler 
Company,  and  Mr.  Milton  C.  Henley  is  the  com- 
pany's vice-president  and  general  manager.  One 
of  the  main  products  of  this  company  is  the 
Crowder  sprinkler  head,  which  has  attained  an 
excellent  reputation  -  for  general  efficiency  in  the 
fire  protection  industry  in  St.  Louis  and  the  West 

FIRE  PREVENTIVE  APPARATUS  IN  THE 

BUILDING. 

The  equipment  of  a  building  with  apparatus 
for  the  extinguishment  of  fire  is  so  usual  nowa- 
days that  in  a  large  modem  building  it  would 
be  an  occasion  for  very  serious  criticism  if  such 
equipment  were  omitted  even  if  according  to  the 
municipal  regulations  of  various  cities  such  omis- 
sion were  possible.  The  requirements  of  mu- 
nicipal departments  and  the  underwriters  speci- 
fy that  apparatus  must  be  up  to  a  certain  stand- 
ard of  material,  form  and  efficiency  of  operation 
The  installation  in  a  lofty  building  of  a  stand- 
pipe  with  hose  valves  at  every  floor,  connecting 
with  which  is  a  sufficient  length  of  hose  and  a 
suitable  rack  for  its  support,  is  a  much  more 
serious  proposition  than  might  at  first  be  sup- 
posed. The  greater  the  height,  the  greater  the 
pressure  at  the  base  of  the  standpipe,  and  thus 
the  necessity  for  heavy  piping  and  properly  in- 
stilled equipment.  On  the  other  hand,  accord- 
ing to  the  design  of  the  building,  hose  racks 
may  be  of  a  great  variety  of  patterns. 

I'he  number  of  designs  of  the  Bowes  hose 
rack   on   the    market   make   possible   a    selection 

(Continued  on  page  26) 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 

ROCKWOOD 

SAFEH  LOOP 

SPRINKLER 


IHK  TWO  HALVES  OF   THE 
STKUT     SOLDKRKD     TO-  •TRUT  SPRINO  APART OM, K 

OETHKR.  AFTER  THE  LUMP  OF  COLD- 

ER IS  MELTED  AWAY   FROM 
THE  LOOP. 


THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  UNIQUE  IN  THAT  THE  TWO  PARTS 
OF  THE  SOLDERED  LINK  ARE  HELD  TOGETHER,  NOT  MERELY  BY  A 
SWEATED  SOLDERED  JOINT,  BUT  BY  COVERING  THE  END  OF  THE 
LEVER  WITH  A  SMALL  PIECE  OF  SOLDER  WHICH  IS  MECHANICALLY 
BOUND  TO  THE  STRUT  BY  A  LOOP  OF  WIRE  RIVETED  THROUGH  ONE 
PART  OF  THE  LINK. 

THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  THE  ONLY  APPROVED  HEAD  THAT 
IS  INCAPABLE  OF  OPENING  ITSELF  BY  THE  BREAKING  OF  THE  SOLDERED 
JOINT,  WHICH  MUST  ABSOLUTELY  MELT  TO  OPEN.  IT  IS  THUS  IN  A 
CLASS   BY  ITSELF.  SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS. 


ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  CO. 

OF  MASSACHUSETTS 

MANUFACTURERS,  ENGINEERS   AND    CONTRACTORS  FOR  COM- 
PLETE SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENTS  USING  WET  OR  DRY  SYSTEMS. 

38  HARLOW  STREET  WORCESTER,  MASS. 


121  WILLIAM  STREET  '  CHICAGO  MM  SOUTH  MORGAN  STREET 

141  MILK  STREET  SEATTLE     -  -  -       30)  COLUMBIA  STREET 

JM  PRUDENTIAL  BUILDING  MONTREAL  -      141  ST.  MAURICE  STREET 

en    wrfting    AdvertEaera,   plaaac    mention    Architecture   and    Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    bVILDIXG. 


Roman  Cities  in  Italy  and  Dalmatia 

By  A.  L.  FROTHINGHAM,  Ph.  D. 
ProfesBor  ot  Ancient  History  and  Archaeology  at  Princeton  University. 

A  picture  ot  Ancient  Italy  and  pre-Auguatan  Rome  drawn  from  her  rivals  has  not  yet 
\.ern  made.  This  book  Is  a.  Hrst  sketch  tor  such  a  picture  in  popular  form,  and  the  work 
gives  a  most  Interesting  account  o(  these  ancient  cities.  It  is  illustrated  by  many  lull 
page  plates  showing  the  various  buildlnga  and  their  decorative  features,  also  Interiors  and 
details.  Architects  and  students  will  find  it  a  most  interesting  volume  to  add  to  their  li- 
braries.    Sixty-one  page  plates,  Cloth,  price  net,  <1.75;  postpaid,  fl.QO. 

For  sale  by 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COHSTOCE  COMPANY.  FubUsher,  23  Warren  Street,  N.T. 


KALAMEIN 
WORK  IN 
COPPER 
BRONZE 

AND  IRON 

Knoburn 
Company 

KALAMEIN 
DOORS 

FIRE 

UNDERWRITER 

WORK 

A  SPECIALTY 

Office  and  Factory 

365  14th  St. 
HOBOKEN,  N.  J. 

ARCHITECTURE    AND   BUILDING. 


Ofc«.  403  WU-ih  BiiSdiHi 

for  almost  any  purpose.  The  racks  may  be  fas- 
tened to  the  standpipe.  the  wall,  or  a  nipple  on 
the  valve,  making  them  adaptable  to  almost  any 
arrangement.  The  hose  is  supported  on  a  series 
of  pins  which,  as  the  ho.se  is  drawn  out  for  ser- 
vice, remain  on  one  arm  of  the  rack  where  they 
ar>  securely  attached  so  that  they  cannot  b« 
lost  or  destroyed.  The  Vale  liose  rack  operates 
on  a  different  principle,  the  hose  being  sup- 
ported by  a  series  of  clamps  so  arranged  that  no 
pressure  is  placed  upon  the  folds  of  the  hose. 
Other  devices  for  carrying  hose  are  the  Dewey 
and  the  Hartford  swinging  hose  racks  in  which 
the  hose  is  laid  up  fold  upon  fold  and  supported 
entirely  from  the  bottom.  The  Ryerson  swing- 
ing hose  reel  carries  the  hose  in  a  wound  form, 
as  its  name  would  indicate. 

These  devices  described  above  are  made  by 
the  W.  D.  Allen  Manufacturing  Company,  of 
2318-2324  Western  Avenue.  Chicago,  with  a  New 
York  office  at  69  Warren  Street.  They  will 
supply  a  full  catalc^ue  of  their  line  upon  request. 

A  FIVE  YEARS-  FIGHT  AGAINST  FIRF.. 
A  good-sized  pamphlet  by  Powell  Evans  bears 
the  title  given  above.  The  pamphlet  contains  a 
series  of  addresses  showing  the  growth  of  the 
idea  within  the  five  years  from  1908  to  1912.  in- 
clusive. Its  intent  is  to  encourage  methods  and 
popular  feeling  tending  towards  the  control  of 
lire  ill  the  United  Slates,  and  its  prevention  by 
protective  methods  and  devices  as  well  as  forms 

It  may  be  said  that  the  book  is  up  to  the  min- 
ute. It  starts  with  correspondence  as  late  as 
May  15.  1912.  and  deals  with  subjects  as  recent 
as  the  Naiiona!  Fire  Protection  Association 
meeting  held  last  month  in  Chicago.  The  book 
is  a  commendation  of  Mr.  Powell's  interest  and 
activity  which  has  led  him  in  a  disinterested 
way  to  spend  a  great  deal  of  his  effort  in  th* 
cause   of    fire- prevention, 

IS  IT  ALL  UP  TO  THE  ELEVATORS? 
We  make  the  followiriK  quotation  from  the 
New  York  Lumber  Trade  Journal: — 

"Ko  modern  skyscraper,  even  one  of  modest 
proportions,  could  be  built  with  wooden  beams, 
but   any   modern    skyscraper   can    be   trimmed 
id  the  hre  risk  not  accentuated    a 
the  building  is  otherwise  properly 


particle  if 
built. 


{Continued  On  pagt  30) 


When    wrltlnB  Advert 


G>iuoGdated  Chandelier  G». 

UAHtTPACTUfiERG  OP 

Gas  and  Electric  Fixtures 

1S2-136  W.  Mth  St.  NEW  YORK  CITt 

,   please  mention   Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


The  Annual  Fire  Waste  In  the  U.  S.  exceed*  S]30,0M,0M.    It  ia  eatlmated  that 
75%  of  this  loM  Is  preventable  and  can  be  saved  by  the  use  of 

AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  PROTECTION 

Our  business  is  the  installation  of  Automatic  Sprinkler  protection;  a  complete 
fire  flfthdnfi  apparatus,  operating  automatically  and  only  where  the  Are  is  located. 

"AUTOMATIC"  SPRINKLER  CO,  OF  AMERICA 

EsecutlTe  OfBcM 

123  WILLIAM  STREET  (UndwwTlter  BIdg.).  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Department  Offices,  in  Large  CldH 


Thomas  Morton, 

169  Elm  Street,  New  York. 


Copper  Cable 
Steel  " 

Champion  Metal 
Steel  Champion 


;  SASH  CHAINS. 


nuiiyp  For  S«{Hdig_Hewy.l|!«s.  >>tn.  etc. 


«LLQtstiFE»io«  aii«Lin. 


S.  H.  P( 


riting:  Advertlap 


:   mention   Archltscture  and   Building, 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


The  Dahlstrom  Products  in  the  Bankers  Trust  Building 

"Throughout  the  building  the  time-worn  combuBtible  idea  of  trim  has 
been  completely  obviated.  This  structure  is  essentially  fireproof,  for 
not  a  particle  of  inflammable  trim  is  to  be  found  in  it." 
"  This  is  another  installation  of  the  Dahlstrom  Products  which  can  be 
truthfully  given  credit  for  making  the  first  totally  fireproof  building. 
Certainly  no  concern  has  been  more  responsible  in  bringing  about  the 
ideal  fireproof  building  than  has  the  Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co." 

ArckiUclure  for  May 

Dahktrom  Metallic  Door  Company 

ExecDliTc  Offices  ud  Factories,  125  Bkckstons  Aveiuie,  Jamestown,  New  York 

Branch  Officca  in  AU  Prineipal  Citim 


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ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


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"In  the  first  place,  every  elevator  should  run 
in  its  own  shaft,  which  shaft  should  be  of  fire- 
proof construction  and  practically  air  tight,  and 
so  strong  that  should  an  elevator  drop  it  would 
be  stopped  by  the  air  cushion  created  by  its 


"No  two  elevators  should  run  in  the  same 
shaft.    As  it  is  now,  as  many  as  two,  and  ctcd 
up  to  ten  or  twelve,  sometimes  run  sid 
in  one  large,  open  shaft,  and  these  sh 
nect  with   every  floor  in   anything  bu 
(ight  way. 

"No  elevator  should  connect  at  all 
floor  below  the  ground  floor,  and  n 
shaft  goes  down  below  the  ground 
level  floor,  access  to  it  should  be  1 
ground  floor  as  to  a  well." 

The  truth  of  all  this  is  unquestione 
application  is  the  misconception.  V 
draw  the  conclusion  that  if  all  the  . 
in  the  building  were  built  of  wood  with  wooden 
doors  to  their  hallways,  they  would  present 
no  Are  menace.  Wooden  trim  has  its  place,  but 
its  misuse  should  be  recognized  and  re  strain  ed- 
To  make  a  modern  skyscraper  fireproof,  wood 
should  not  enter  into  it  structurally  in  any 
way.  Hollow  metal  is  so  presentable  that  in 
its  finer  finishes  it  can  be  told  from  wood  only 
by  an  expert  and  it  does  not  burn.  We  believe 
that  every  time  wooden  doors  and  trim  or  win- 
dow sash  and  frames  are  put  into  a  new  loft 
or  ofhce  building,  it  is  a  step  backwards  and  a 
flight  into  the  face  of  Providence.  The  recom- 
mendations for  elevator  shaft  construction  are 
undoubtedly  good,  but  present  the  extreme  re- 
finement of  safety,  but  that  they  should  be 
used  as  an  argument  for  triming  the  entire  in- 
terior of  the  building  with  wood  is  a  misrepre- 


GORTON  WROUGHT  STEEL 
BOILERS  cMiloininpurudcoallani. 


They  are   Tilf  TnrnHng    tad  n- 

QOfle  better— they  huve  no  equal. 
Bend  fortniaiog  ohI  Imatiffmtt 
tor  youTKU  ihmr  npfriorite. 

Gorton  &  Lidgerwood  Co. 

N  lUwrtr  StrtH,  HEW  TOU 
BOBTON,  1B3  HUh  St. 
Chicioo.  F1«Iim  BIdt. 


When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention   Architecture  and   BulldlDR. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


vely.    Beautifullv  ill 


I     Put  a  Damper  on  the  Fire  Loss     I 

I    "ThitaiimtTti''  irjiiorabU  A"  'dh  miuf  bt  iioppaf,"     H 
■    —A  laoimlon   from   eirsry  lDveitl(atlE(  coniDilIles     ■ 

MMBDT:-iho  a>8  o(  BerB»r'»  MeM  Lumber  la 

BERGER's'meTAL  LUMBER 


calalot  la  yoar  Ole  f 

artdaiTotu  el  tiuildiiui  AoniritAat  artimtnuTufroi, 
(A<  ravOB't  olArt-thit  ealalea  uill  maitrialivatlil 

"""    The  Berger  Mfg,  Co. 

Canton,  Ohio 


BanFrai 

Fhtladal 

I  of  Prong  Lock  Stadi 


rlnt.  RihTnu.PsjToLlthlCBOd  Mnldpl 
lug  PM'flo  MetBl  CclllDES,  EiDsidwTl 
SldawaU  Fonaa,  RajdUot  SldswiJk  Ua 


nd  Fnr-     ■ 


Dixon's  Silica-Graphite  Paint 

Protects  the  structural  steel  work  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildingsj  American 
Woolen  Company's  Building;  Gimbel  Department  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
St  Trust  Company*  s  Building,  Savannah,  Ga. ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Com- 
pany's Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  numerous  other  stnictuFcs, 
IFriu  utfrr  "  Neiablt  'Building  List,"  and  aiher paint  titeralur* 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jersey  Ciiy,  n.  j. 

When  writ  In  K  Advertisers,   please  Rientlon  Architecture  and  Building. 


32 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


TfiLSPHOKE     886     HUBBAY     HILL 


Edwards  Electrical  Construction  Go^ 

39  EAST  42d  STREET,  NEW  YORK 

FOBHEBLT  OONTBACT  DEPABTMENT,  EDWABDS  k    CO.  ESTABLISHED  1873 


BOOK  REVIEWS. 
(Continued  from  page  18) 
by  many  architectural  designers,  the  book  pos- 
sesses the  merit  of  having  many  good  struc- 
tural details  and  drawings  which  are  of  simple 
nature  and  should  be  useful  in  explaining  the. 
constructive  work  to  carpenters  and  builders. 
The  plans  of  the  houses  are  in  the  main  sen- 
sible and  of  suggestive  value.     The  elevation 
drawings  do  not  possess  the  same  attraction, 
and  could  be  for  the  most  part  omitted  with- 
out damage  to  the  appearance  or.  value  of  the 
book. 


PRACTICAL  METHODS  OF  SEWAGE  DIS- 
POSAL. By  Henr>'  N.  Ogden,  M.  Am.  Soc. 
C.  E.,  and  H.  Burdett  Cleveland,  Assoc.  M. 
Am.  Soc.  C.  E.  New  York:  John  Wiley  & 
Sons.     Price,  $1.50  net. 

This  is  a  very  practical  book  and  one  that 
could  convey  much  very  valuable  information 
to  a  very  large  proportion  of  our  country  house 
owners.  It  is  non-technical  in  character,  but  it 
contains  sufficiently  detailed  descriptions  to  give 
the  non-technical  reader  a  good  working  idea  of 
what  he  needs  for  practical  and  efficient  sewage 
disposal.  The  uses  of  the  septic  tank,  sewage 
filter,  sub-surface  irrigation,  broad  irrigation, 
valves,  syphons  and  syphon  chambers,  and  final- 
ly estimates  of  cost,  are  treated,  and  installa- 
tions which  would  be  suitable  for  a  single  house 
or  a  hotel  or  institution  are  described.  Through- 
out the  text  there  are  numerous  diagrammatic 
illustrations  which  give  a  clear  idea  of  the  ap- 
pliances and  materials  which  may  be  either  pur- 
chased or  constructed. 


AMERICAN    COUNTRY    HOUSES    OF   TO- 
DAY,  1912.     Large  quarto,  bound   in  buck- 
ram   gilt.      New    York:    The    Architectural 
Book  Publishing  Co.     Price,  $12.50  net. 
This  book,  printed  on  a  heavy,   coated  paper, 
with    pages    over   9   by    12    inches,    contains    183 
plates  which  are  all  printed  on  one  side  of  the 
page.     From  the  standpoint  of  illustrative  work, 
the  half-tones,  which  are  made  from  the  best  of 


photographs,  are  very  near  perfection  in  their 
class.  Beyond  the  captions,  there  are  no  de- 
scriptions of  the  houses  illustrated.  The  only 
text  in  the  book  is  the  preface  which  was  writ- 
ten by  Mr.  Frank  Miles  Day,  in  which  he  says 
that  "The  houses  shown  in  this  book  are  fairly 
representative  of  types  usual  at  present  along 
the  Atlantic  seaboard."  The  list  of  contributors 
contains  many  of  our  best-known  designers  of 
country  houses,  and  it  has  been  apparently  the 
purpose  of  the  publishers  to  get  the  work  of 
prominent   architects. 

As  to  the  subjects  of  illustration  in  the  book, 
there  are  many  beautiful  landscape  and  garden 
views  shown,  thus  giving  an  idea  of  the  set- 
ting of  the  houses  as  well  as  the  houses  them- 
selves. The  houses  are  built  of  all  the  usual 
materials,  there  being  perhaps  more  stucco  than 
any  other  particular  type.  The  houses  are  ex- 
pensive but  not  pretentious,  and  seem  to  be  of 
the  type  suitable  to  large  country  estates  where 
much  attention  is  given  to  the  grounds.  One 
regrettable  feature  of  the  book,  however,  is  the 
very  small  scale  to  which  the  plans  have  been 
reduced.  Plans  are  among  the  most  interesting 
features  of  a  house,  and  are  very  often  neces- 
sary to  explain  the  photographs,  and  should, 
therefore,  not  be  slighted  in  favor  of  photo- 
graphic illustrations,  however  attractive  these 
may  be. 

COUNTRY    AND    SUBURBAN     HOUSES— 
Designed,     Published    and     Copyrighted     by 
Wm.     Dewsnap,     Architect,     1912.       Paper, 
9x12.     Price,  $2.00. 
This  book  contains  over  fifty  designs  of  houses 
ranging  in  cost  from  $5,000  to  $25,000.     A  ma- 
jority are  illustrated  from  photographs  of  erected 
work.    The  houses  are  suitable  for  suburban  and 
country  construction  and  range  in  size  from  those 
of   eight   rooms   to   twelve   and   fourteen   rooms. 
All    modes    of    construction,    stone,    stucco    and 
wood,  are  illustrated.     The  plans  are  well  con- 
sidered  and   well  arranged.     In  the   forepart   of 
the   work,   there   are   a   number  of  photographic 
and  sketched  details  of  interiors,  which  may  oflFer 
suggestions  to  the  home  builder. 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


and  work  the  standard  for  14  years.     Our  reputation  the  best  potiltve 

eridence  as  to  our  superiority. 


MARBLE 


32M27  East  94th  St,  NEW  YORK 


When    writing  Advertisers,   please   mention   Architecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


EslatUahcd  1886 


DENTON  &  CO. 

Adamantine 
Stone  Pavement* 


42  East  Twenty-Third  St. 
NEW  YORK 


tins'  Advertlsera,  piee 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


THE  SNOW  GUARD  ALLOWING 

NO    STRAIN     ON    THE     SLATE 

WHY  NOT  SEE  IT  ? 

A  postal  card  will  bring  sample 

Filson  Snow  fiuaril  Co.  "  V.'^'S;:.''^ 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

Flag  Poles 


Fittings 

Etc. 

Send  for  Catalogue 


THOS.W.JONES 


TilvlUini  OntfwsKon 


ARTHUR  GREENFlELD.tacoqMw.ted 


REINFORCED  CONCRETE  FLOORS 
IRON  FURRING  ind  METAL  LATHING 


204  EAST  26tli  ST. 


' CLOCKS ' 

t^*        tapt  11.  n  ChunlMTS  SI.,  N.T.       ^fj^t 


Art  and  Architecture 

(Continued  from  pagr  21) 
THE  ANNUAL  MEETING  OF  THE  SOUTH- 
ERN PENNSYLVANIA  CHAPTER  OF 
THE   AMERICAN   INSTITUTE 
OF  ARCHITECTS. 

Tliis  meeting  was  held  in  Harrisburg  on  May 
23,  1912.  Mr.  D.  A,  Dempwolf  made  an  in- 
formal presidential  address  referring  to  the 
progress  of  the  chapter,  and  the  other  ofRcers 
made  their  reports.  Resolutions  were  adopted 
on  the  death  of  Mr.  C.  A.  McClure,  who  was  a 
charter  member  of  the  chapter.  The  officers 
elected  for  the  following  year  are  as  follows: 
President,  J.  A.  Dempwolf;  Vice-President,  B.  F. 
Willis ;  Secretary,  M.  I.  Kast ;  Treasurer,  C. 
Emlen  Urban;  Directors,  J.  B.  Hamme  and 
Thomas  H.   Hamillon. 

The  chapter  banquet  was  held  on  the  follow- 
ing day,  at  which  Mr.  Glenn  Brown,  Mr.  D.  K 
Boyd,  Mr,  John  Hall  Rankin  and  Mr.  Frank  C 
Baldwin   spoke, 

THE  FOURTH  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 
OF  THE  PENNSYLVANIA  STATE  AS- 
SOCIATION OF  ARCHITECTS. 
At  this  convention,  which  was  held  Tuesday, 
April  9th,  and  of  which  the  official  report  has 
just  been  distributed,  President  Boyd  gave  an 
address  summarizing  the  activities  of  the  As- 
sociation since  its  formation  four  years  ago. 
The  Association  has  fathered  many  very  im- 
portant bills  for  the  improvement  of  architec- 
ture and  building  construction  in  the  State  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  has  been  the  means  of  knit- 
ling  the  architectural  interests  closely  together 
in  that  State.  A  resolution  was  passed  to  bold 
the  annual  meeting  every  other  year  in  Har- 
risburg  while  the  Legislature  is  in  session.  In 
the  alternate  years  the  meetings  will  be  held 
where  it  is  deemed  advisable  by  the  Association, 
The  officers  elected  for  the  following  year  are 
as  follows :  President,  Edward  Stotz,  Pitts- 
burg; Vice-President,  Albert  Kelsey,  Philadel- 
phia; Secretary,  Richard  Hooker,  Pittsburg; 
Treasurer,   Reinhardt    Dempwolf,   New   York. 


When   writing  Advertisers,  plee 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


i«Mt,^niMUM^MUinMutt  EVANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BOLTS 

WITH  DOUBLC  r.ND  GR.IP  EXPANSION 

Cooitnicted  on  NEW  lincB.      Grip  at  BOTH  ENDS,  and  on  ALL 

lidet.     Cannot  nork  loose. 

Send  far  CaUloine  and  lunplM  acrawgd  Into  blocka  of  wood  oi  akma. 

ISS^ili;"  F.  H.  EVANS  (,.K;S',i'H„)31.3M5He»resSt..Brookl»ii,N.T. 


|»  Vaa  Dora's  Steel  Joist  Hanger 

^i  IS  THE  BEST  OBTAINABLE 

j!  Send  for  CaUlogue  «im1  refer  to  this  Maguine 

i|  THE  VAN  DOKN  IRON  WORKS  CO. 

^.^  CLEVELAND,  OHIO 

".ii  Steel  Buildings,  Wrougtit  Iron  Fencing,  Iron  Bridges,  Jail  aoA 
SB  Prison  Work,  Metallic  Office  Fumiture,  etc 


K 
'A 


BOYD    EQUIPMENT    COMPANY 

CONTRACTING    ENGINEERS 

HEATINQ  PLUMBING  ELECTRIC 

COMPLETE  POWER  PLANTS  373  Fourth  Aveuue,  NEW  YORK 


The  A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co. 

Main  Office:  230  Broadway,  New  York 


"COLUMBIA"  DUMBWAITERS 

are  adapted  for  private  residences,  apartment  houses,  hotels,  restaurants;  in  fact  for  every  purpose. 
They  are  easy  running,  require  tittle  attention  and  have  a  powerful  automatic  brake. 

FREIGHT  ELEVATORS  CELLAR  HOISTS 

Catalog  and  Price.  Free  J.  G.  SPEIDEL,  Reading,  Pa. 


When   writing  Advertisers 


1  Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


HIGGINS' 


._   tiCE  PASTE 

Veqetablc  QLUI 
An  thi  FiMtt  »d  Belt  Ml  Md 


I  CHAS.  M.  MIGGINS  A  CO,  Mfr». 

Bronchefi:  Chicago t  London 
ajl  Ninth  Stnwt  Brooklm.  N.  Y. 


WEATHER  VANES 


L  G.  Wuhbnnw^  Co. 

3W  FULTON  STREET.  NEW  YORK 


Work  Shops 


Of  wood  mnd  iD*UI  irork«r», 
wttbont  itaam  pomr.  Hulppvd 
wltb 

BARNES' FOOT  POWER 
MACHINERY 

allow  lowsT  bld(  on  join  ana 

ttv*  rnalBr  proAt  on  ths  work. 

Baehlnsi  Hnton  tilal  If  dMlnd. 

Oataiogvttr— 

W.  r.  i  John  Bmum  C*. 

Jtt  IhtT  SttMl.       tKUard,UL 


Industrial  Progress 

VITROLITE  FOR  A  SANITARY  KITCHEN. 

On  the  opposite  page  we  call  youf  attention  to 
a  photograph  of  what  we  call  a  "Sanitary 
Kitchen."  The  floor  is  tiled  and  the  walls  are 
lined   with   a  prodncf  known  as  "Vitrolite." 

This  product  is  absolutely  impervii 
stains,  as  it  has  the  composites  of  glas 
strength  of  mineral  products.  Chen 
tested  it  and  shown  that  it  is  abso 
pervious  to  any  acids  excepting  hydrofluc 
3  little  soap  and  water,  this  kitchen  w 
cleaned  as  quickly  and  as  perfectly  as 
which  is  al.so  shown  in  the  photograph, 
which   is   also  of  "Vitrolite." 

The   "Vitrolite"    is   of  a  creamy   w 
which    will    not   change   or   var>-.      Il 
teriorating  with  age,  and  does  not  cr 
particularly    adaptable    to    structural 
wainscoting,  closel   partitions,  door  tri 

Any  information  about  "'Vitrolile''  ( 
taincd  from  George  .■\.  O'Connor,  w 
cated  in  the  Fifth  .-Avenue  Building, 
Avenue,  or  from  the  Vitrolite  Compan; 
ersburg,  West  Virginia. 

FJbert  Hubbard,  the  sage  of  East  Aurora,  has 
compiled  a  list  of  the  world's  twenty  greatest 
men  about  which   he  has  built  an  essay. 

Mr.  Hubbard's  essay  is  done  into  book  form 
by  the  Roy  crofters,  and  the  title  is  "Joseph 
Dixon.  One  of  the  World  Makers." 

Mr.  Iluhhard  refers  to  Joseph  Dixon  as  '"a 
man  whcisc  work  has  profoundly  influenced  civili- 
zation, yet  strangely  enough,  a  man  of  whom  the 
world  al  large  knows  little." 

This  tribute  to  the  founder  of  the  Dixon  Com- 
pany is  well  worth  reading,  especially  by  those 
who  wish  to  learn  more  of  the  character  of  this 
truly  great  genius  or  by  those  who  admire  Mr. 
Hubbard's  vigorous  pen. 

Owing  to  a  limited  edition  of  this  booklet, 
copies  cannot  be  distributed  except  by  request. 
The  Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Company,  Jersey 
City,     N.     J.,    will    be    pleased    to    honor    such 


(Cunlittued  on  page  42) 


II  and  wa  will  ■andrmaa: 


CONSTRUCTION  NEWS 

OoBtrwitan,   MMerltU    Man,    Bnllden,  Hi 
hetonra.  In  tael  AnvlwdT  IntantlwJ  ' 
HtwiofaU  Undi.  obtain  tram  oat  dallT 
BaUBble  IntamuiUau.    Our  apaelal  Mk^miwiu 
onr  tha  eonntrr  anabla  ni  to  (Itb  OBI  uitniDa  Uia 
adTanoa  of  thalr  compatitora  and  btfora  It  haa 

and  ijDota  joa  piicaa. 

PRESS  CLIPPINGS 

Preaa  ClIpplnKBDn  anr  anb]  act  fnm  all  thai* 


faellltiM  tor  l^ 
roada  and  Ian*  1: 
Th«  Unilad  Slataa  Praaa  Clipping  Bnraa 

1326-1334  EUpoblla  BnUdlni 
Btata   and    Adama   Sta..    Ohlaaao.   Dl. 


I   Architecture  a 


Butlainff. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


Vitrolite  tor  the  Kitchen  and  Bath  Room 


Two  views  of  the  Kitchen  in  ihe  Residence  of  Mr.  J.  L.  McCloud,  Monlclair,  N.  J., 
showing  the  uie  of  VITROLITE  lor  SANITARY  walls  and  AooJ  for  kitchen  range. 


Bathroom  in  a  priraie  residence  lined  with  VITROLITE  Wains- 
coting adds  a  very  smaJl  cost  and  will  last  as  l<ing  ai  the  building. 

Alanufaclured  and  Furnished  by 

THE  VITROLITE  COMPANY,  Parkersburg,  W.  Va. 

Eastern  Representative,  GEORGE  A.  O'CONNOR,  Fifth  Ave.  BIdE.,  New  York 

When   writing:  Advertlaers,  please  mention   Architecture  and   BulldlnK. 


38  ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


Simplicity 
of  the  Index 

is  Vital  to  You 


The  usefulness  of  a  large 
catalogue  depends  mainly 
upon  the  completeness  and 
simplicity  of  its  index. 

Architects  "find  it"  in 
SWEET'S  in  a  minute- 


either  by  products,  by 
firms,  or  by  locations.  Its 
index  is  both  complete  and 
simple. 

Mr.  Manufacturer,  when 
YOUR  catalogue  is  in 
SWEET'S,  you  may  be 
sure  it  can  be  found  easily 
and  quickly. 


When  writing  Advertisers,   please  m«  ntlon   Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Sweet's  Catalogue 

Guarantees 

11,000  Copies                                1 

Your  catalogue  in 

SWEET'S  Catalogue 

of  Building  Construc- 

tion, is  guaranteed  to 

reach 

All   Practicing  Architects 

Important  Engineers 

General   Contractors 

Purchasing  Agents 

SWEET'S  Catalogue  of  Build- 

Railroads 

ing  Construction  is  a  co-opera- 
tive catalogue   of  nearly   goo 

City,  State  and  Government  Officials 

firms.     Size,   10x14   inches, 
and  over  3  inches  thick.     Con- 
tains nearly  2,000  pages.    Its 
distribution  is  guaranteed,  and 
its  daily  use  is  a  matter  of 

and  it  will  be  KEPT 
ON  ACTIVE  DUTY. 

proven  record. 

The  IQ13  edition  {eighth  year) 

We  would  like  to  surprise  you  with 

is  now  being  compiled. 

the  very  low  cost  of  this  service. 

SWEET'S 

CATALOGUE 

11  East  Twenty-fourth  Street,  New  York  City                      | 

CHICAGO.  Moiudnock  Building 

BOSTON,  lU  Federal  StrMt              1 

ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


ELEVATOR  SHAFT 
CONSTRUCTION 

By  H.  ROBERT  CULLMER 

Aaaiated  by  ALBERT  BAUER 


Practical  Suggestions  for  the  Installa- 
tion of  Elevators  in  Buildings 


A  treatise  for  the  architect  and  builder 
covering  the  surve\'ing  and  preparing  of 
detail  drawings  for  elevator  shafts;  ma- 
chine rooms;  elevator  bulkheads;  tables 
and  formulae  for  calculating  the  size  and 
capacity  of  elevators;  freight  elevators; 
sidewalk  elevators;  dumb-waiters;  specifi- 
cation writing  for  elevator  installation ;  ele- 
vator shaft  doors  and  appliances;  building 
regulations  covering  elevator  installation. 


Elevator  shaft  construction  in  buildings 
croM  Section  of  Eievaior  Shall  and  Buikh™i.  has  never  before  been  technically  treated. 
This  book  suppUes  the  demand  for  information  on  this  subject,  and  it  has  been 
the  effort  of  Che  author  to  supply  the  necessary  data  for  the  use  of  the  architect 
in  placing  an  elevator  equipment  in  any  building.  New  York  practice  is  fol- 
lowed, and  the  Building  Department  laws  and  regulations  of  New  York  are 
made  the  standard.  The  author  has  also  made  a  careful  study  of  the  regula- 
tions in  use  elsewhere,  giving  the  deviations  from  New  York  requirements. 
Specification  writing  for  elevator  equipment  has  been  covered  by  two  forms; 
one  a  simple  specification  for  a  single  elevator,  the  other  a  more  elaborate  equip- 
ment embracing  several  styles  of  cars  suitable  for  an  office  building. 

The  book  contrins  most  practical  information  and  it  is  the  hope  of  the  author 
that  he  has  omitted  no  important  point.  Every  phase  of  the  shaft  problem  in 
bmlding  construction  has  been  covered,  and  the  method  of  presentation  is  such 
that  ready  reference  is  possible  to  any  detail  of  the  subject. 

Th«  book  is  in  companion  size  with  the  Building 
Construction  and  Superintendence  Scries,  by 
Mr.  F.  E.  Kidder. 

Cloth  bound,  170  jagts,  Frontis|>irce,  47  dia- 
grammatic plates,  ]i  illiistiativc  plates 

Price  $3.00 


The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co. 


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The  Literature  of 
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By  C.  M.  Spoliord.  Aug..  1911. 
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By  Oswald  C.  Herlng.  Architect.  The  subject  of 
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here  set  forth,  from  the  wide  experience  of  the 
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AN  INDESTRUCTIBLE  FLOOR 
COVERING. 

The  problem  of  finding  a  satisfactory  floor 
covering  for  stairways,  elevators,  corridors, 
lobbies,  depots,  etc.,  has  always  proved  a 
difficult  one,  and  ingenious  minds  have  pro- 
vided many  devices  to  meet  the  requirements 
of  this  character  of  service.  The  floorings 
which  have  been  tried  have  run  the  gamut 
from  natural  products  of  intense  hardness 
and  resisting  qualities,  such  as  stone,  car- 
borundum, etc.,  to  manufactured  compositions 
of  wide  variety.  It  would  seem  that  a  thor- 
oughly satisfactory  floor  covering  has  been 
found  in  the  invention  of  a  rubber  rug  or 
mat  which  is  manufactured  and  sold  by  the 
Essex  Rubber  Company.  Inc.,  Trenton,  N.  J. 

These  rubber  rugs  consist  of  a  perfect  sec- 
tional perforated  mat,  bound  together  with 
brass  links  and  worked  out  in  a  number  of 
very  attractive  patterns.  The  common  quali- 
ties of  rubber  are  too  well  known  to  require 
comment,  but  something  may  be  said  of 
some  of  the  points  of  merit  possessed  by  this 
floor  covering  that  do  not  so  readily  suggest 
themselves.  Thus,  they  are  handsomely  de- 
signed in  a  corrugated  pattern,  are  reversible, 
manufactured  either  in  a  plain  gray  or  with  a 
two-inch  ornamental  border  without  extra 
cost;  and  numbers,  initials  or  names  can  be 
inserted  at  a  small  expense.  These  rugs  can 
be  easily  rolled  up  and  removed.  They  can 
be  repaired  in  case  of  injury  for  an  insignifi- 
cant sum,  and  a  mistake  in  size  can  be  reme- 
died without  loss  of  material.  They  possess 
the  features  of  being  non-slippery,  almost  un- 
burnable,  and  being  of  rubber  throughout, 
they  look  well  until  completely  worn  out 
They  are  an  ideal  covering  for  steamship 
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and  u  azplanfttion  of  ita  natnr«,  with  practical 
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Painting  Goats  of  Arms 

to  which  1b  added  a  Glossary  of  the  terms 
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Coats  of  Arms,  which  will  prove  of  gre^t  as- 
Bistance  to  those  unaccustomed  to  the  work. 
Tbe  glossary  contains  about  fifteen  hundred 
definitions  ot  heraldic  terms,  many  In  French 
and  Latin. 

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of  ornamental  concrete  work  without  the  purchase  of  expensive  molds  is  fully  explained  and 
illustrated. 

18mo.     Cloth.     128  pages.     With  Original  Illnstratlons.     Price  «2.00. 

Concrete  From  Sand  Molds 

By  A.  A.  HOUGHTON. 

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sesBing  the  manifold  advantages  of  a  low  cost  of  molds,  the  ease  and  rapidity  of  or      ^'^^ 
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perfect  curing  of  the  work  without  attention  and  the  easy  removal  of  the  molds 
of  any  undercutting  the  design  may  have.  This  process,  which  has  always  been  held  a  tfWlet 
secret,  will  successfully  mold  every  class  of  ornamental  concrete  work.  ^ 

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CONTENTS  FOR  JULY 

city  HaU  Park 269 

By  J.  L. 

Failures  in  BuUdinic  Construction  and  Their  Lessons^-l 271 

By  Edward  Godfrey. 

Students*  Working  I>rawings 270 

Baniel  Hudson  Bumham    281 

By  Theodore  Starrett. 

Public  liibrary  Buildings    284 

The  Public  library,  St.  liouis,  Mo. 

Cass  Gilbert,  Architect. 

Free  Public  library,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Cacs  Gilbert,  Architect. 
City  library  Building,  Springfield,  Mass. 

Edward  L.   Tllton,  Architect. 

Essex  County  National  Bank,  Newark,  N.  J 295 

Clinton  and  Russell,  Architects. 

The  Standpipe  and  Hose  System  in  Buildings 300 

Michigan  Central  Railway  Station,  Detroit,  Mich 304 

Warren  and  Wetmore,  Reed  and  Stem, 
Associated   Architects. 

Loft  Building  at  114-116  E.  16th  Street,  New  York  City 305 

Squires   and   Wynkoop,   Architects. 

Building  at  Fifth  Avenue  and  12th  Street,  New  York  City 306 

Maynlcke  and  Pranke,  Architects. 


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American     Hardware     Corpora- 
tion,   The     1 

Architectural    Metal    Works 21 

Automatic     Sprinkler     Co.      of 
America 27 

Badger  ft  Sons  Co.,   E.   B 33 

Bagues   Freres  Co 2 

Barnes  Co.,   W.   F.   &  John 36 

Barrett  Mfg.  Co.,   The 10 

Batterdon    &    Eisele 6 

Berger    Mfg.    Co.,    The 31 

Bommer   Bros 16 

Boyd    Equipment    Company 35 

Boyd.    Thomas    Bruce 21 

Carter^  'Black  &   Ayers 37 

Cheney     Bigelow     Wire     Works 

IV    Cover 

Chicago    Spring    Butt    Co 2 

Collins,    Francis    W 21 

Concrete    Age,    The 30 

Consolidated   Chandelier   Co 26 

Corbin,   P.    &   F 1 

Cork  ft  Zlcha  Marble  Co 32 

Dahlstrom  Metallic   Door   Com- 
pany     — 

Dewsnap,    William  D 35 

Dizon    Crucible   Co.,    Jos 31 

Donnelly    &    Ricci Ik 

Edwards  Electrical  Construction 

Co - 

Essex  'Rubber  Co 11 

Eyans,    F.    H 35 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co.. Ill  Cover 

Felton.    Sibley  ft   Co II    Cover 

Folsom   Snow   Guard   Co 34 


Page 

General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.  23 

Globe    Ventilator    Co II    Cover 

Gorham    Co..    The 13 

Gorton  ft  Lldgerwood  Co 90 

Grant   Pulley   ft  Hardware  Co.  40 

Green,    Samuel    M 25 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 34 

Grimmer  ft    Son,   Charles 11 

Harbison- Walker      Refractories 
Co 4,    5 

Helnigke    &    Bowen 2 

Higgins   ft   Co.,    Cbas.    M 36 

Holmes,    Frederick    S 21 

Ingham,    Howard    M 20 

International  Floor  Machine  Co.  33 

Jones.    Thomas    W 34 

Kalamein    Co..    The 28 

Knoburn    Co.,    The 23 

Lane    Bros.    Co 31 

Loomis    Manning    Filter    Distri- 
buting   Co.    IV    Cover 

Manual    Arts    Press,    The 30 

Metropolitan   Electric   Mfg.    Co. 
Ill   Cover 

Monument    Plaster    Co 37 

Morton,    Thomas    27 

Xtlson    Co-,    W.    P — 

Newman    Clock    Co 22 

Northwestern    Terra-Cotta    Co., 
The     40 


Pag* 

Otis    Elevator    Company IT 

Polachek    Bronze    ft    Iron    Co., 
John    16 

Pomeroy  Co..  Inc.,   S.   H 27 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  84 

Rockwood    dpiinkler    Co 24 

Safety    Fire    EztinguiBh«r    Co., 
The     ^ 28 

See  Electric  Elevator  Co.,  The 
A.    B 36 

Silver    Lake    Co II    Cover 

Simmons  Co.,  John 26 

Speidel,  J.   G 85 

Standard   Plunger  Elevator  Co. 

IV  Cover 

Stanley    Works,    The 81 

Star  Expansion   Bolt   Co 16 

Stickley,    Gustav    SO 

Tettenborn    Refrigerators 84 

Thomas   Clock  Company.   Seth.  11 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com-    ' 

pany    — 

United  States  Mineral  Wool  Co.  27 
United.  States    Press    Clipping 
Bureau     -^ 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co..  The  85 
Volgtmann  ft  Co 27 

Walsh,    Dominic    A 2 

Washburne   ft   Co..   E.    G 36 

Wilson   Mfg.   Co.,   James   G....  16 


.  *  *i 


/ 


Advertisements 


NOTB.-BTery  classified  ndvertiser  is  entiUed  to  Insertioii  under  one  heading.    Under  extra  headings.  «5.00  a  year  eaeh 


ARCmTBCTURAL  BRONZB. 

Bagues  Preres  Co 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 

Polachek    Bronae    &    Iron    Co..    John, 

480-4W  Hancock  St.  and  STV-SW  Boulevard, 

Long   Island   City. 

ARCHITECTURAL.  SCULPTORS. 

Donnelly  &  Rlccl,  451  W.  54th  St.,  New  York. 


AWNINGS,  BLINDS,  ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.j^  J«.  a  ^  g^    ^^  York  City 

B0ILBB8. 

Badger  &  Sons  Co.,  B.  B.,  Boston.  Maes. 
Gorton   &   I^^^e^wood^Co^^^^^   ^^^   ^^^  York 

BOLTfh-Bxpanalon,     Machine     Bx|MUision,      Sahco 
Mooring,  Sebco  Twla,  Toggla.  - 

sir  Expansion  Bolt  Co.,  147-149  Cedar  St,  N.  Y. 

BRICK— Enameled    Front.      Hollow. 

American  Htoamel  Brick  *  Tile  Co., 

1184  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Carter,  Black  ft  Ayers 1182  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Harbison- Walker   Refractories   Co.. 

ao   Church    St..    New   York 

BBIDOB8. 

Yui  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co CloreUnd,  O. 

BRONZB. 

Bagues,   Preres  Co..  705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York. 
Gorham  Co.,  The,  5th  Ave.  ft  36th  St.,  N.  Y. 
Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John, 

480-494  Hancock  St.  and  577-591  Boulevard, 

Long   Island   City. 

BUILDING  CONTRACTORS. 

Puller  Co..  Geo.  A.,  Marquetu  Bldg..  Chicago. 
Starrott  Company,  Theodore,  103  Park  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

BUILDINO  DIRBOTORY. 

U.  S.  Clunteablo  Sign  Co.. 8-7  W.  29th  St..  N.  Y. 

BUTTS.  BALL-BBARINO. 

Sttoley  Works,  The New  Britain.  Conn. 

GLOCKS^— SynchronlMd,   Watchman's. 

Newman  Clock  Co.,  The...  178  Fulton  St,  N.  Y. 
PrenUss  Clock  ImproTement  Co.,  o.    m   v 

Dept.  11.  92  Chambers  St.  N.  Y. 
Thomas    Clock    Co.,    Seth.   New    York,    London, 
Chicago. 

CONCRETE  SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

CORDAOB. 

SttTor  Lake  Co Boeton,  Maaa. 

DESIGN   BOOKS. 

Dewsnap.  WilHam  D.,   150  Nassau   St.,  N.  Y. 

DAMP-PROOFING. 

Hydra  Damp-prooflng  ft  Engineering   Co.,   The, 
408  Wabash  Building,  Pittsburgh,   Pa. 

DOOR  HANGERS. 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 

DRAWER  SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  A  Hardware^Co^^^  ^^^  ^^  ^^ 


DRAWING  INK8-(Hlgglns). 

Higgina  ft  Co.,  Chas.  M..       «      «      ^,        „   - 
^^  271  9th  St.,  Bio^dya.  N.  Y. 

DUMB  WAITERS. 

Otis  Blerator  Co 17  Battery  Place,  N.  Y. 

Speldel,  J.  O • Reading,  Pa. 

ELECTRICAL    CONTRACTORS. 

Boyd  Equipment  Co 378  4th  Ave..   N.    Y. 

Edwards    Electrical   Construction    Co., 

39  E.  42d  St,  New  York 

ELEVATORS. 

A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co..  The, 

220   Broadway,   New  York 

Otts  Elevator  Co 17  Battery  Plao^  N.  Y. 

Speidel,    J.    G ......Reading,    Pa. 

Standard    Plunger   Elevator    Co., 

115  Broadway,  New  York 

ENGINEERS,  ELECTRICAL,  CONSULTING,  BANK 
VAULT,  ETC. 
Boyd,  Thomas  Bruce,  286  Fifth  Ave,  New  York. 
Collins,  Francis  W...50  Church  St.,  New  York 
Holmes,  Frederick  S,  2  Recto*  St.,  New  York. 
Ingham,  Howard  M 180  5th  Ave.,  New  York 

EXPANSION  BOLTS. 

Evans,  P.  H... 81-85  Hewos  St.,  Brookgrn,  N.  Y. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co 147  Oodar  St.,  N.  Y. 

EXTERIOR  PLASTER. 

Monumental  Plaster  Company...  .Harrison,  N.  J. 

FENCING  AND  RAILINGS.  ^,      .     ^     ^ 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Go Olovaland.  O. 


828  Land  TiUe  Bldg. 


adalpbia.  Pa, 


FILTERS. 

Loomis-Maanlng  Filter  DlstrtbutlBg  Co., 
-"^^  pi3l 

FIRE    BUCKET   TANKS. 

Safety    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.,    The, 

291-^8  Seventh  Ave.,  New  York 

FIRE   DOOR   EQUIPMENT. 

Lano  Broa.  Oo Fouskkoapala.  N.  Y. 

FIRE   EQUIPMENT,   GENERAL. 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St.,  N.  Y. 

FIRE    EXTINGUISHING    APPARATUS. 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.,  Providence,  R.  I. 

FIRE   PLACES,   CRAFTSMAN,    ETC. 

SUckley,  Gustav 41  W.  34tli  St.  New  York 

PIREPROOF  DOORS  AND  SHUTTERS. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  CcJamestown,  N.  Y. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Oo^      «      „       w  ... 

8  Wei*t  ^th  St..  New  York 

Kalamein   Co.,   The,   Long  Island   City.  N.  Y. 

Knoburn  Company,  865  14th  St.  Hoboken,  N.  J. 

Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,  S.  H..  ^    ^  ^.^ 

427  W.  18th  St,  New  York  City 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


^  SWISS  CHALET  BOOK 


TN  the  series  of  articles  which  have  appeared  in  ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING, 
Mr.  W.  S.  B.  Dana  has  given  an  epitome  of  his  researches  on  Chalet  Architecture.  ,  In 
this  book,  which  will  be  issued  shortly,  the  subject  is  much  elaborated,  and  both  the 
volume  of  text  and  number  of  illustrations  are  doubled.  There  are  ten  valuable  chapters 
in  this  new  book,  one  of  which  treats  of  the  chalet  as  adapted  to  American  uses.  This 
chapter  is  well  illustrated. 

Cloth,  7M  X  10.     Price,  $2.50 
The  Wm.  T.  ComstOCk  Co.,  23  Warren  St.,  New  York 


rltiriK  Advertisers,  please  r 


!  and  Bulldlne:. 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PIRSPROOF  WINDOWS. 

nahlstrom  Metallic  Poor  Co.  .Jamestown.  N.  T. 
Kalamein  Company,  Tlie,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

369-308  14th  St^  Hoboken,  N.  J. 
P^mtroy  Co.  (Inc.),  B.  H..427  W.  ISth  St,  N.  T. 
Volgtmann  A  Co.,  427  W.  18th  St.  New  York. 

FIXTURBS,   GAS  AND  BLHOTRIC. 

ConMlidated    Chandelier   Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St,  N.  Y. 

FX^OOR  AND  WOODWORK   POLISH. 

Felton,  Sibley  A  Co... 138  N.  4th  St,  PhlU.,  Pa. 

FLOORING  MACHINERY. 

International   Floor  Machine  Co.,   39  West  39th 
St.,  New  York. 

GAS  AND  BLBCTRIC  FIXTURBS. 

Conaolidated   Chandelier  Co., 

132-186  W.  14th  St.  N.  Y. 
Slmes  Co.,  The,  18  Rose  St.,  New  York. 

GLASS.    ORNAMENTAL,    MOSAIC,    ETC. 

Heinigke  &  Bowen,  24-26  E.  13th  St,  New  York. 

GRAPHITB  PAINT. 

Dtxon  Cmalble  Co.,  Joe Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

HANGERS— Honse,  Bam  Door. 

Lane  Bros.  Co Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 

HARDWARB. 

American    Hardware    Corporation,    The, 

^^.  _  New   Britain,    Conn. 

Chioaco  Spring  Butt  Co.,  Chicago,  ill..  N«w  York 

Corbln,  P.  &  F. New  Britain,   Conn. 

Stanley   Works,  The,  Dept   B. 

N«w  Britain,  Conn.,  and  79  Chambers  St,  N.  Y. 

HBATING  APPLIANCB&     (Also  see  BoUers.) 

Boyd  Equipment  Co... 373  Fourth  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
Gorton  k,  LIdgerwood  Co.  .96  Liberty  St,  N.  Y. 

HINGES— Spring,  Ballbearing,  Etc. 

Bommer  Bros...2S7  Classon  At.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co., 

Chloaxo.  111.:  New  Y«rk. 
SUnley  Works,  The New  Britain,   Conn. 

HOLLOW  TILE. 

Carter.   Black  &   Ayers..ll82  Broadway,    N.   Y. 

HOT-WATER  BOILERS'— Copper. 
Badger  6  Sons  Co.,  E.  B.. 

63-75  Pitt  St..  Boston,   Mass. 

IRON   WORK— OrnamenUl    and    Structural. 

Blagues  Freres  Co... 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 
Polacbek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John 

480-494  Hancock  St.   and  577-591  Boulevard. 

Long    Island   City. 


^I5i 


ir^i  ^H 

irsnnoinE 


JAIL  AND  PRISON  WORK. 

Van  D#m  Iron  Works  Co Clevelaiid,  O. 

JOIST  HANGBR8-(8te«l). 

Lane  Bros.  Co Ponghkeepsl%  N.  Y. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Oo derelaBd,  O. 

UGHTING  FIXTURES— Gas  and  Blectrte. 

Bagues  Freres  Co....  705  Fifth   Ave.,  New  York 
Consolidated  Chandelier  Co.. 

182-136  W.  14th  St,  N.  Y. 

LIGHTNING  RODS. 

Jones,  T.  W 22  Burling  Slip,  N.  Y. 

Washbume  *  Co.,  B.  G..209  Falton  8t,  N.  Y. 

LOCKS.   ETC. 

American    Hardware    Corporation, 

New  Britain,  Conn. 
Corbln,   P.   ft   F New   Britain.    Conn. 

MANTELS.    FIREPLACES,   ETC. 

Jackson    Co.,    Wm.    H. .  .2   W.   47th   St.   N.   Y. 

MARBLB  WORKERS. 

Batterson  ft  Eisele.  Times  Building.  New  York. 
Cork  ft  Zlcha  Marble   Co.. 

825-327  E.  94th  St.  New  York 

MATS,    RUBBER. 

Essex    Rubber   Co., 

258  Broadway,  New  York  ft  Trenton,  N.  J. 

MBTAL  CEILINGS. 

Borger    Mtg.  Co.,   The Canton,   O. 

METAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Dahlstrom  Metallio  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company. 

3»»-363  14th  St.  Hoboken,  N.  J. 

MBTAL  LATHING. 

Greenfield,  Inc.,  Arthur. . .  .204  E.  26th  St.  N.  Y. 

MBTAL  LUMBBR. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The OantMi,  a 

MBTALUC   OFFICE   FURNITURE. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Olerelaiid,  O. 

METAL   SASH  AND   FRAMES. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  ..Jamestown.  N.  Y. 
Kakimein  Company,  The.  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 

Knoburn  Company 240  11th  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.),  8.  H...427  W.  18th  St,  N.Y. 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy  Co..  (Inc.).  T.  H.  427  W.  18th  St,  N.  Y. 
Volgtmann  ft  Co.,  427  W.  18th  St,  New  York. 

MINERAL  WOOL. 

U.  S.  Mineral  Wool  Co 140  Cedar  St.  N.  Y. 

PAINTING  CONTRACTORS. 

Grimmer  ft  Son,  Charles.. 280  E.  37th  St,  N.  Y. 

PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRBSBRVINO  IRON 

AND  STEEL. 
Dizon  Cmdble  Co..  Jos Jersoj  Olty,  N.  1. 

PAINTS,  OILS,  VARNISHES,  WOOD  FILLING,  ota. 

Dixon  Crucible  Oo.,  Joe. Jerscj  Qitr,  N.  J. 

Felton,  Sibley  ft  Co., 

186  N.  4th  St,  PhUadeiphia,  Pia. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 

For  thirty  years  the  firm  of  Charles  Grimmer  4  Son  has  been  known  to  yoa 
as  Painters.  Recently  we  have  acqoired  the  hnsiness  of  the  W.  Lodwij 
SchoKze  Co.,  the  well  known  Decorators.  In  oar  three  new  baildings  we  now 
have  facilities  for  doing  the  same  hifh  class  Cabinet  Wood>Work  and  Up- 
holstery as  we  have  for  PaiDtlnj. 

A  line  of  inqoiry  brings  a  representative,  or  we  should  be  glad  to  welcome 
yoa  at  oor  extensive  factories  and  oar  beaatifal,  new  showrooms,  where  we 
carry  the  largest  and  most  select  stock  in  New  York,  of  Wall  Papers,  Mantels, 
Andirons,  Electric  Fiztares,  Fabrics,  Fnmilare,  Mirrors,  Antiques,  Clocks, 
Candlesticks,  Lamps  and  Pillows. 

CS^ltsi  O^rinuurr  $c  dun 

T*U»feraw.  7W-7Wt  HWImd  S«aw.  230-234  Eail  37tli  Street.  NEW  TOU 


Essex  Rub 

Sectional,  Re 

Repairable.    All 

Color  Combi 


ESSEX  RUBBE] 

TRENTON, 


len  writing'  Advertlsera.  pl?aHO  ynentlon  Arctittecture  a 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PLASTER  WORK— Plain,    Ornamental   Models. 

Jacobson  ft  Co.,  241  B  44th  St,  New  York. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

Walsh,    Dominic   A.,    Belleville,    N.    J. 

PliUMBBRS. 

Boyd   Equipment   Co... 873   Fourth  Aye.,   N.   Y. 

PRONG  LOCK,  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co..  The Canton.  O. 

PUBLIBHBR8. 

Oomstook  Oo..  The  W.  T..28  Warren  St..  N.  Y. 

Concrete    Age,    The. Atlanta,    Georgia 

Manual  Arts  Press,  The, 

000  German  Fire  insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria,  111. 

PULLVrS. 

Oimnt  PvU«j  ft  Hardwar*  Co., 

t  W.  29th  St.   N.   Y. 

REFRIGERATORS.    PORCELAIN.    ETC. 

Tettenbom    Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati.    O. 

RINGS— Bridle,  Comer  Brace  (Bridle),  Sebco  Aerial. 
Star  Bzpanfion  Bolt  Co.. 147-149  Cedar  St..  N.  ^. 

BOLLINQ  DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS-HSteel. 

Grant   Pulley    and    Hardware    Co., 

8  W.   29th   St.   New  York   City. 
Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  James  G., 

8  W.  29th  St.,  New  York 

ROOFING  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Architectural   Metal  Works,  1192-4  Second  Aye., 

New   York. 
Barmt  Mxg.  Oo New  Ywk,  N.  Y. 

RUBBER  SPECIALTIES. 

Essex   Rubber  Co., 

Trenton,   N.   J.   ft   New  York,   N.   Y. 

■ANTTARY   SPECIALTIES. 

Yitrolite   Co.,    The Parkersburg,   W.    Va. 

SASH  CHAINS. 

MMt«ii,  Tliomas 109  Elm  St.,  N.  Y. 

iASH  CORDS. 

WUkwm  Lake  Co Boston,  Mass. 

■ASH  PULL1Y&-IIOII,  Brass,  Bronaa. 

Grant  PuUey  ft  Hardware  Co|^ 

8  W.  29th  St.,  N.  Y. 

■IDEWALK  LIFTS. 

■pddal,  J.  G Reading.  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Berger  Mfg.  Co Canton,  O. 

SIGNS,   CHANGEABLE,    ETC. 

U.  S.  Changeable  Sign  Co.. 

3  W.  29th   St..  New  York 

SKYLIGHTS. 

Architectural    Metal    Works, 

1192-1194  2d   Aye.,   New   York. 

SNOW  GUARD 

Folsom  Snow  Guard  Co., 

Rosllndale  (Boston),   Mass. 

SPRING  HINGES. 

Bommer  Bros.... 257  Classon  Ato.,  Bklyn,  N.  Y. 
Ohloago  Spring  Butt  (3o., 

Chloag»,  lU.;  New  York. 


SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

Automatic   Sprinkler   Co.    of  America, 

323  William   St.,   New   York  City, 
(general    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 

Proyidenee,   R.  I. 
Rookwood  Sprinkler  Co...  128  William  St.,  N.  Y. 

STEEL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Qq Cleiyeland.  O. 

STEEL  JOIST  HANGERS. 

Lama  Bros.  Qo PonghkeepsleL  N.  T. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co (AereUnd,  0. 

STEEL    SHUTTERS,    ROLLING,    ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  James  G., 

5  W.  29th  St,  New  York 

STUCCO. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

SWITCHBOARDS,    PANELS.    ETC. 

Metropolitan    Electric    Mfg.    Co., 

14th   St.    ft   Bast   Ave.,   Long   Island   City 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (AutomaUc). 

Lane  Bros.  Oo Poughkeepsl«b  N.   Y. 

TERRA  COTTA. 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co.,   Ill  Broadway,  N.  Y. 
Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co., 

1000  Olybonm  Aye.,  Ohloag*. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co C3anton,  O. 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  (3o. 

202  Monitor  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

VENETIAN    BLINDS. 

Wilson    Mfg.    Co.,    Jas.    G., 

Z^  W.  29th  St,   New  York. 

VENTILATING  RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Oo Troy,  N.  Y. 

VENTILATORY 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Tnqr,  N.  T. 

Washbume  ft  Go.,  E.  G...209  Fulton  St,  N.  Y. 

WALL  FINISHES— FLAT,   ETC. 

Keystone  Varnish  Ck>., 

71  Otsego  St,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

WATER  FILTBRS. 

Loomls-Mannlng  Filter  Co., 

828  Land  Title  Bldg.,  Phlladalphla,  Pa. 

WEATHER  VANES. 

Jonea,  Thos.  W 158  Maiden  Lane,  N.  Y. 

Washbume  ft  (^.,   E.   G., 

209  Fnlton  St,  N.  Y. 

WIRE    WORKERS. 

Cheney    Bigelow  Wire  Works,  Springlleld,  Mass. 

WOOD-WORKING  MACHINERY. 

Barnes  Co.,  W.  F.  ft  John, 

606  Ruby  St.  Rookford.   Ill 


ir4i  ^IH  •^ 


11 1=^  11  OHM 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


BRONZE  GRILLES  IN  MAIN   ENTRANCE  ST.  LOUIS  PUBLIC  LIBRARY 

CASS  GILBERT,  Architact 


THE  GORHAM  CO.  ARCHITECTURAL  BRONZE 

FIFTH  AVENUE.  NEW  YORK 
When  wrlllng  AdvsrtlBers.  please  menlion  A-chltecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


ORNAMENTAL  CONCRETE  WITHOUT  HOLDS 

By  A.  A.  HOUGHTON 
Author  of  "Clay  Models  and  Plaster  Molds  for  Ornamental  Concrete,"  "Concrete  from  Saod 
Molds,"  "Practical  Use  of  Concrete,"  etc. 

This  la  the  only  work  Issued  which  explains  a  simple,  practical  method  whereby  the 
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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


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ing  ■pring'  hingo,  which  of  all  hudfnre  perform 
the  hardest  work.  Bomnier  Spring  Hinges  never 
fail  to  give  satisfadioa,  and  t^ve  withstood  the 
test  of  time.  The  ipringa  never  go  tame. 
"Practically  Unbreakable,'^  layt  the  World'* 
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All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contrai^ts  Can  Supply  Them 


lentlon  Archltectur 


Architecture  and  Building 

A  Magazini  Devoled  ta  Canirmperarj  ArthiUcturtil  Ctaitruclhn 


Volume  XLIV. 


JULY,    1912 


Number  7 


CITY   HALL   PARK 

By  J.  L. 

I  WONDER  if  the  saying  that  the 
prophet  is  not  without  honor  ex- 
cept in  his  own  country  is  not  being  ex- 
emphfied  these  days  in  the  case  of  the 
little  park  which  lies  between  Broadway, 
Park  Row  and  Chambers  Street  in  the 
city  of  New  York. 

Here  are  sights  to  cause  the  citizen, 

male  or  female  (I  be- 
lieve    in     Women's 

Rights),    to    pause    in 

the  mad  rush  for  gold 

and     contemplate     the 

works    that    men     are 

doing.     And  how   few 

of     them     do     pause; 

how  few  of  the  thou- 
sands   ever   give    it    a 

thought.      But   it   isn't 

the  mad  rush  for  dol- 
lars   nor   even,   calling 

it  by  its  right  name,  the 

fierce      struggle       for 

exist  ence — no,    it's 

sheer  indifference  that 

keeps   folks  moving  as 

they  pass  in  thousands 

upon    thou  sands, 

swarming     upon      the 

bridge,      pouring      in 

streams  into  the  subway  and  out  of  it. 


that  are  to  be  seen,  for  instance,  in  the 
two  monster  buildings  now  being  fin- 
ished there. 

Possibly  the  police  might  take  a  hand 
and  make  them  move  on,  and  well  they 
should,  for  the  park  is  none  too  large. 
Fortunately  for  me,  when  I  am  gazing 
in  awe  at  the  sights  there's  no  one  to 
make  me  move  on.    So 
long   as    I    "mind    my 
eye"    and    keep    from 
being  run   over   I   can 
rubber    to    my    heart's 
content.  , 

Two  monster  build- 
ings, two  of  those  sk>-- 
scrapers  that  narrow- 
minded  reactionaries 
would  have  laws  to 
prevent.  Two  kinds — 
so  different  that  one  is 
almost  surprised  to  see 
them  there  so  near  one 
another,  one  tall  and 
Gothic,  like  a  great 
Sequoia,  the  other 
widespread  and  Ameri- 
can, like  a  mighty  oak 
'  — two  different  species 
in  the  same  soil  and 
therefore  perfectly  proper  and  natural, 
dodging  the  trolley  cars,  blocking  the  The  Woolworth  building,  higher  by  two 
horse  cars, — for  the  horse  car  is  still  hundred  odd  feet  than  the  Cologne 
seen  in  all  its  ancient  panoply  in  this  Cathedral,  which  was  for  ages  (wasn't 
most  modern  spot  in  the  whole  world.  it  ages?)  the  tallest  building  in  the 
As  I  cross  this  park  from  time  to  time  world  and  took  centuries  to  build,  looks 
I  wonder  why  the  crowd  doesn  t  stop  down  on  you  in  awesome  grandeur, 
for  a  minute  and  gaze  on  the  wonders     Yes,  it   is  grandeur  and  it  is  awesome. 


270 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


even  though  the  evi- 
dence is  so  plain  that 
it's  a  shell  enclosing 
a  myriad  of  cells  or 
rooms  in  which  the 
little  tiny  men  who 
built  the  great  thing 
will  carry  on  their  af- 
fairs, in  other  words 
"do  business," 

And  the  Municipal 
Building,      seemingly 
growing    to    be    the 
■worthy  house  of   the 
great  city.    What  lucfc 
for     Americans    that 
the  job  of  being  ar- 
chitect of  this  build- 
ing should  have  fall- 
en   into    hands    that 
could  do  it  so  well.  I 
say     Americans     ad- 
visedly for  New  York  belongs  to  Ameri- 
ca, to  the  whole  country.     Washington 
is   the   Capital,   but   New   York   is   the 
Metropolis,   and   the   work   of   unifying 
this  great   nation   is  helped,  nay,  made 
possible  by  such  a  thing  as  this  magni- 
ficent town. 
Soon  the  skeletons  of  these  two  struc- 


tures will  be  covered, 
the  moving  picture 
show  of  building  will 
end  and  the  present- 
ment, as  far  as  they 
are  concerned,  will 
b  e  c  o  me  quiescent. 
Then  will  come  other 
shows.  No  doubt  the 
Divinity  that  shapes 
the  city's  ends  will 
cause  the  removal  of 
the  court  houses  and 
the  Federal  Building 
which  now  crowd 
and  deface  the  park, 
and  the  landscape  set- 
ting of  the  precious 
little  City  Hall,  monu- 
ment of  early  prom- 
ise, can  and  will  be  improved  as  it 
should  be. 

'More  work  for  the  undertaker,  as 
they  say  in  Princeton ;  more  tearing 
down  and  more  building  up.  New  York 
has  a  chance  of  being  finished  in  the  far 
distant  future,  maybe,  but,  finished  or 
unfinished,  the  City  Hall  Park  is  a  de- 
light forever. 


FAILURES  IN  BUILDING  CONSTRUCTION  AND 

THEIR  LESSONS 

Article  I. 

By  Edwaio)  Godfrey,  M.  Am.  Soc.  C.  E. 


IT  is  the  writer's  plan  to  include  in 
this     series     the     five     following 
articles : 

(1)  Foundations,  Walls  and  Piers. 

(2)  Columns. 

(3)  Beams  and  Slabs. 

(4)  Bracing. 

(5)  Materials,  Processes  and  Details. 
It  is  his  aim  to  gather  from  the  facts 

of  wrecks  and  partial  failures  the  lessons 
that  are  most  useful  to  the  structural  de- 
signer and  the  architect. 

There  are  two  principal  ways  in  which 
lessons  concerning  structures  are  learned ; 
these  are  by  analysis  and  synthesis — the 
taking  of  things  apart  and  the  putting  of 
things  together.  And  there  are  two  ways 
in  which  analysis  and  synthesis  are  ex- 
hibited; these  are  mental  and  physical. 
The  mental  has  its  expression  on  paper 
and  in  books,  the  discussions  and  plans 
of  authors  and  designers,  the  physical 
has  its  expression  in  brick  and  stone  and 
wood  and  steel  and  concrete. 

The  author  takes  apart  the  components 
of  a  piece  of  construction  and  discusses 
the  needed  size  for  the  work  these  sev- 
eral parts  have  to  perform.  The  designer 
puts  together  these  several  parts  and  on 
paper  constructs  a  building.  Here  we 
have  mental  analysis  and  synthesis,  and 
the  lessons  that  can  be  learned  from  these 
are  limited.  Too  often  this  limit  is  not 
appreciated,  and  when  the  builder  per- 
forms the  physical  synthesis,  nature 
comes  in  with  her  inexorable  laws  and 
proceeds  to  do  a  little  analytic  work. 

It  is  the  lessons  that  can  be  drawn  from 
this  fruitful  but  neglected  field  that  will 
be  emphasized  in  this  series  of  articles.  A 
large  number  of  lessons  can  be  learned 


from  just  this  source,  lessons  that  in 
many  cases  reverse  the  teachings  of 
standard  text  books.  They  are  not  les- 
sons that  discredit  theory  but  that  show 
the  blindness  of  some  theorizers. 

When  a  wreck  occurs  there  is  usually 
an  alleged  investigation.  The  average  in- 
vestigation is  the  last  place  in  the  world 
to  look  for  the  real  cause  of  the  wreck, 
unless  one  can  read  between  the  lines 
and  discover  by  what  is  suppressed  the 
real  nature  of  the  weakness.  There  is 
always  a  lawyer  present  and  someone's 
interests  to  look  after  and  accommoda- 
ting "experts"  are  never  hard  to  find ;  also 
imperfections  in  workmanship  or  mate- 
rials can  be  detected  in  any  job  that  was 
ever  done. 

It  can  be  set  down  as  a  general  rule, 
with  scarcely  an  exception,  that  when 
there  is  a  wreck  of  any  large  extent,  there 
can  be  found  enough  faults  in  the  design 
to  make  a  wreck  the  most  natural  thing 
to  look  for.  The  writer  is  a  designer 
himself  and  makes  this  statement  most 
deliberately  and  emphatically.  In  his  ex- 
perience of  more  than  twenty  years  of 
designing  and  checking  designs  he  has 
found  a  surprising  number  of  errors — 
dangerous  errors — in  the  standard  meth- 
ods of  designing.  He  has  made  a  special 
study  of  wrecks  and  failures  and  has  re- 
peatedly put  forth  the  proposition  that, 
excepting  minor  failures,  wrecks  do  not 
occur  because  of  imperfections  in  work- 
manship or  materials,  hut  they  do  occur 
because  of  improper  design. 

These  errors  in  design  are  not  merely 
miscalculations,  assumptions  of  too  high 
unit  stresses  and  pressures  (within  small 
limits)  ;  they  are  neglect  of  great  over- 


272 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


shadowing  principles  of  engineering. 
And  again,  addition  of  material  does  not 
necessarily  mean  additional  strength ; 
large  increase  of  strength  can  often  be 
effected  by  mere  rearrangement  of  the 
same  amount  of  material. 

A  steel  truss  does  not  fall  down  be- 
cause a  designer  used  18,000  lbs.  in  place 
of  16,000  lbs.  per  sq.  in.  in  his  steel.  A 
roof  does  not  collapse  because  the  com- 
puter neglected  to  count  in  the  weight  of 
the  sheathing.  A  floor  will  not  go  down 
because  the  architect  omitted  to  include 
the  weight  of  the  cinder  fill.  All  of  these 
things  tend  to  weakness  and  lack  of  rig- 
idity in  a  structure :  they  might  show  up 
in  excessive  deflection,  cracked  ceilings, 
etc.,  but  the  causes  of  extensive  wreaks 
are  deeper  seated  than  this. 

A  column  will  not  sink  and  wreck  the 
building  of  which  it  is  a  part,  if  the  arch- 
itect assumes  a  safe  pressure  on  the  soil 
of  2j4  tons  in  place  of  2J4  tons  per  sq. 
ft.,  if  the  design  of  the  building  is  other- 
wise correct. 

The  burden  of  this  series  of  articles 
will  be  that  a  designer  has  no  right  to 
put  forth  a  set  of  plans  for  a  structure, 
that  do  not  show  a  proper  factor  of 
safety  in  every  part,  and  then  blame  the 
contractor  when  wreck  results.  Emphasis 
is  not  lacking  in  literature,  and  properly 
so,  of  the  importance  of  good  materials 
and  workmanship,  but  emphasis  is  sadly 
lacking  of  the  still  greater  importance  of 
proper  design. 

Foundations,  Walls,  and  Piers. 

A  frequent  cause  of  failure  in  founda- 
tions is  the  lateral  flowing  of  the  soil  be- 
neath a  footing.  This  may  be  the  result 
of  footings  being  an  insufficient  depth 
below  the  surface,  or  it  mav  result  from 
excavation  in  the  neighborhood  of  a 
building.  The  walls  of  the  Homeopathic 
Hospital  in  Pittsburgh  (see  Engineering 
News,  June  11,  1908)  sank  because  of 
three  reasons.  First,  the  pressure  on  the 
soil  was  too  great;  second,  the  footings 


extended  but  a  short  depth  below  the 
cellar  floor ;  third,  the  clay  soil  on  which 
the  footings  rested  was  allowed  to  be 
water-soaked  and  thus  its  bearing  power 
greatly  diminished.  The  moisture  in  the 
clay  aided  very  materially  in  allowing 
lateral  flow. 

The  lateral  flowing  of  quicksand  is 
especially  to  be  guarded  against.  Retain- 
ing walls  and  embankments  sometimes 
cave  in  with  great  destructive  force  by 
reason  of  dredging  operations  many  feet 
away.  The  quicksand  flows  in  as  it  is 
dredged  out,  the  foundation  is  under- 
mined, and  finally  a  cave-in  results.  When 
a  dredged  hole  continues  to  fill  up  in  this 
manner,  operations  should  be  suspended, 
if  there  are  any  structures  or  embank- 
ments near.  Some  buildings  in  Chicago 
sank  because  of  excavation  for  the  freight 
tunnels  in  the  neigihborhood  of  their 
foundations. 

One  means  of  preventing  the  flow  of 
soil  when  neighboring  excavation  jeopar- 
dizes the  foundation  of  a  building  is  to 
drive  sheet  piling  around  the  footings  to 
be  protected. 

In  design  the  base  of  a  footing  should 
be  several  feet  below^  the  ground  level  or 
the  cellar-floor  level,  particularly  when 
heavy  pressures  are  to  be  provided  for 
and  when  such  soils  as  clay  are  met  with. 
Lateral  flow  of  the  soil  can  take  place 
more  readily  when  the  pressure  is  exerted 
near  the  surface  than  when  it  is  in  the 
lx)ttom  of  a  ditch  several  feet  deep. 

Partial  failure  is  sometimes  exhibited 
in  buildings  by  cracking  of  walls  or  plas- 
tering. This  may  be  due  to  unequal  set- 
tlement in  walls  and  columns.  Usually 
some  settlement  is  to  be  expected  in  a 
building.  This  need  not  occasion  any 
concern,  if  the  settlement  is  uniform.  In 
order  that  the  settlement  be  uniform  it  is 
necessary  to  design  the  footings  so  that 
the  area  in  contact  with  the  soil  will  be 
in  proportion  to  the  load  carried,  pro- 
vided the  soil  is  of  equal  bearing  power 


FAILURES   IN    BUILDING    CONSTRUCTION. 


273 


FIGURE    1. 

over  the  entire  foundation.  If  soft  spots 
are  found  in  making  the  excavation,  the 
footings  should  be  increased  in  area  ac- 
cordingly, or  piles  should  be  driven  in, 
or  the  soil  should  be  compacted  by  some 
means. 

Monolithic  concrete  walls  are  greatly 
superior  to  rubble  walls  in  that  they  in- 
duce equal  settlement  of  a  foundation  by 
distributing  the  pressure. 

In  a  system  where  piles  are  used  the 
full  load  should  generally  be  counted 
■upon  as  resting  on  the  piles  alone.  This 
is  particularly  true  where  the  piles  are 
driven  to  a  firm  bearing  and  where  the 
soil  is  yielding. 

In  one  large  building 
a  column  which  was 
originally  intended  to 
carry  a  comparatively 
small  load  was,  by  a 
change  in  the  plans, 
compelled  to  take  a  very 
heavy  load.  The  piles 
had  been  driven,  and 
this  column  had  but  one 
concrete  pile  under  it. 
A  large  spread  footing 
was  placed  on  the  head 
of  this  single  pile,  and 
this      rested     on     filled 


ground.  A  spread  footing  on  yielding  soil 
is  expected  to  settle  somewhat  before  it 
can  carry  its  full  load;  a  concrete  pile 
driven  down  to  solid  bearing  is  not  ex- 
pected to  settle  to  any  appreciable  ex- 
tent. It  is  evident,  then,  that  the  com- 
bination is  a  poor  one:  the  spread  foot- 
ing but  adds  burden  to  the  already  heav- 
ily overburdened  pile.  This  column 
should  have  had  six  or  seven  piles  under 
it.  The  thing  that  should  have  been  an- 
ticipated took  place  in  this  building.  The 
column  settled  more  than  an  inch  and  in 
fact  set  off  the  highly  overstressed  struc- 
ture, a  large  portion  of  which  collapsed. 

A  frequent  cause  of  failures  in  rubble 
and  brick  walls  and  piers  supportii^  col- 
umns is  the  absence  of  spreaders  for  the 
concentrated  load  of  the  columns, 

A  building  in  Pittsburgh  collapsed  be- 
cause the  first  story  division  wall  had 
been  removed  and  the  columns  supporting 
the  upper  stories  in  the  place  of  this  wall 
were  placed  on  the  rubble  cellar  wall 
without  spreading  beams.  The  investiga- 
tors, of  course,  attributed  the  failure  to 
"poor  foundations,"  though  attention  was 
specifically  called  to  this  structural  blun- 
der. The  foundation  was  not  shown  to 
have  settled  a  particle;  these  columns, 
however,  were  seen  to  be  jammed  into 
the'  wall. 

Another  building  in  Pittsburgh  showed 


274 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


incipient  failure  by  cracking  of  the  base- 
ment wall.  The  steel  columns  of  this 
building,  a  good  sized  office  building,  had 
been  started  at  the  first  floor  level  with- 
out spreading  beams  on  the  basement 
walls.  Of  course,  they  should  have  run 
down  to  the  basement  floor  and  should 
have  had  individual  foundations.  Steel 
columns  had  to  be  substituted  in  the  base- 
ment story  after  the  building  was  prac- 
tically complete. 

The  cast-iron  bases  in  a  number  of  col- 
umns in  a  brewery  building  in  St.  Marys, 
Pa.,  cracked  because  they  were  laid  on 
rubble  piers  and  failed  to  receive  a  uni- 
form bearing.  Spreading  beams  or  con- 
crete piers  would  have  prevented  this 
failure. 

In  Engineering  Record,  Dec.  17,  1898, 
there  is  a  description  of  some  building 
columns  which  crushed  into  brick  piers 
because  the  load  was  not  properly  spread 
over  the  surface  of  the  pier.  It  is  mani- 
fest that  a  brick  pier  should  not  be  loaded 
with  a  heavy  concentrated  load,  without 
ample  provision  for  spreading  the  load 
over  sufficient  surface  to  reduce  the  pres- 
sure to  safe  limits. 

In  Engineering  News,  Oct.  19,  1911,  p. 
489,  there  is  a  description  of  a  building 
failure  that  occurred  in  Boston.  A  col- 
umn supporting  40  tons  crushed  into  a 
brick  and  rubble  pier  which  was  intended 
to  support  it.  The  large  stones  of  the 
rubble  portion  of  the  pier  were  placed 
on  the  outside  for  appearance,  and  the 
middle  part,  where  the  strength  was 
needed,  was  filled  with  small  stones. 

A  high  basement  wall  in  a  long  build- 
ing in  Pittsburgh  caved  in  laterally  be- 
cause of  fill  that  had  been  placed  against 
it.  The  wall  was  a  substantial  concrete 
wall,  but  was  not  suitable  to  act  as  a  re- 
taining wall  to  sustain  the  pressure  of  the 
earth  fill  against  it.  The  first  floor  beams 
had  not  been  placed.  This  would  have 
helped  it  materially.  In  addition  to  this 
there  were  cross  walls  to  be  built,  and 


these  had  not  been  built.  The  fill  was  re- 
moved, and  the  wall  was  jacked  back  into 
place  and  the  building  completed  without 
further  trouble,  after  the  cross  walls  had 
been  built. 

Several  instances  have  come  to  the 
writer's  notice  where  veneer  on  walls  or 
piers  has  failed. 

In  one  case  a  brick  wall  had  a  cast 
stone  veneer  4  inches  thick.  This  cracked 
and  spalled  in  a  way  that  showed  that  it 
was  heavily  loaded.  In  another  case  a 
concrete  column  or  pier  had  a  cast  stone 
veneer.  In  another  case  a  rubble  stone 
wall  had  a  cut  stone  veneer.  In  another 
case  a  brick  wall  had  a  terra  cotta  veneer. 

The  cause  of  these  failures  is  a  simple 
one  to  explain.  The  main  wall  or  column 
or  pier,  which  is  or  should  be  designed 
to  carry  the  full  load,  shrinks  in  setting; 
this  throws  the  load  on  the  veneer,  and 
failure  results.  The  reason  the  veneer  and 
the  backing  do  not  shrink  in  the  same 
amounts  is  because  the  veneer  is  in  high 
blocks  with  thin  mortar  joints,  whereas 
the  brick  or  rubble  wall  has  many  more 
joints  and  much  more  mortar  in  its 
make-up.  Concrete  and  mortar  both 
shrink  in  setting. 

There  are  several  ways  of  overcoming 
the  difficulty.  A  course  of  veneer  blocks 
may  be  left  out  (wooden  blocks  being 
temporarily  used)  and  subsequently  in- 
serted when  the  wall  has  set.  Or  the 
mortar  may  be  all  raked  out  of  some  of 
the  joints  and  these  pointed  after  the 
wall  has  set. 

Hard,  glassy  brick  used  for  veneer 
sometimes  crack  from  the  eflfect  of  tem- 
perature changes,  especially  when  laid  in 
strong  cement  mortar.  The  remedy  is  to 
use  a  lime  and  cement  mortar. 

A  frequent  cause  of  failure  or  disfig- 
urement in  walls  is  excessive  thrust  of 
arches.  The  arch  is  one  of  the  most  use- 
ful as  well  as  one  of  the  most  abused 
fornis  of  construction.  One  of  the  es- 
sential parts  of  an  arch  is  the  abutment, 


FAILURES    IN    BUILDING    CONSTRUCTION. 


275 


and  an  arch  that  has  no  abutment  or  an 
insufficient  abutment  is  seriously  weak. 
An  arch  that  is  supported  by  two  slender 
piers  or  posts  violates  not  only  the  prin- 
ciples of  good  engineering,  but  also  vio- 
lates the  sense  of  proper  architectural 
proportions,  because  it  gives  the  idea  of 
instability.  The  flatter  the  arch,  that  is, 
the  wider  the  span  in  ])roportion  to  the 
rise,  the  greater  the  thrust.  Hence  flat 
arches  are  specially  apt  to  force  out  a 
wall  and  open  up  the  joints  at  the  crown 
of  the  arch.  When  the  opening  in  a  wall 
occurs  close  to  the  corner  of  the  wall, 
leaving  only  a  narrow  pier,  there  is  not 
sufficient  abutment  to  take  the  thrust  of 
an  arch  over  this  opening. 

The  accompanying  photographs  show 
examples  of  arches  of  this  sort.  Fig.  1  is 
given  because  the  arch  in  this  case  has 
actually  failed.  It  is  cracked  and  the 
pier  is  pushed  out.  Figs.  2  and  3  are 
given  because  they  are  in  dwellings  of 
considerable  architectural  pretentions. 
These  flat  arches  on  posts  violate  the 
principles  of  good  construction. 

There  are  two  ways  to  remedy  this  class 
of  failure  or  disfigurement.     One  is  to 


use  a  horizontal  lintel  over  the  opening 
in  place  of  an  arch :  this  gives  a  better 
appearance  than  an  arch  without  suffi- 
cient abutment,  and  does  not  violate  the 
principles  of  stability.  The  other  remedy 
is  to  embed  a  horizontal  beam  or  girder 
in  the  wall,  at  or  above  the  crown  of  the 
arch,  allowing  the  arch  to  take  only  its 
own  weight  and  relieving  it  of  the  burden 
of  the  superimposed  weight  of  wall. 

Lintels  in  walls  are  usually  designed  by 
a  sort  of  rule-of-thumb  method  that  con- 
siders only  a  certain  triangle  of  weight 
of  wall  as  resting  upon  the  lintel  regard- 
less of  the  details  of  the  wall.  This  may 
lead  to  erroneous  construction  and  sag- 
gii^  lintels.  If  a  wall  above  a  lintel 
spanning  a  wide  opening  is  pierced  by 
openings  so  that  a  pier  is  located 
over  this  lintel,  the  load  of  this'  pier, 
and  consequently  much  more  than  a 
small  triangle  of  wall,  must  be  carried 
by  the  lintel. 

In  one  building  a  floor  girder  rested  in 
a  wall  a  short  distance  above  a  lintel.  The 
lintel  was  not  designed  to  carry  this  load. 
Failure  Could  readily  result  from  lack  of 
care  in  this  particular. 


STUDENTS'  WORKING  DRAWINGS 


Cornell  University,  College  of  Architecture 


IT  is  readily  admitted — if  not  de- 
manded— ^that  the  education  of  the 
architect  of  today  should  be  something 
more  than  mere  training  in  the  tech- 
nique and  details  of  the  profession. 
The  architect  must  be  a  man  of  broad 
interests  and  liberal  culture  as  well  as 
technical  training;  and  four  years  in  a 
university,  even  the  modern  American 
university  with  all  its  push  and  hard 
work,  is  entirely  too  little  time  to  give 
even  to  the  ablest  of  men  the  complete 
training  requisite.  For  that  reason  the 
school  of  architecture  must  leave  un- 
done many  of  the  things  that  should  be 
done,  and  must  lay  partjcular  stress 
upon  the  things  that  are  broader,  larger 
and  more  fundamental  than  mere  details. 
Nevertheless,  we  could  hardly  hope  to 
develop  the  real  architect  without  giving 
at  least  some  attention  to  the  common- 
place details  of  his  profession  even  in 
the  preliminary  stages  of  his  education. 
The  history,  science  and  esthetics  oi 
architecture  are  then  the  things  with 
which  we  concern  ourselves  first  of  all, 
the  details  entering  as  incidental  facts, 
though  in  the  end  essential.  With  this 
training  as  a  foundation  the  young  man 
is  in  a  position  to  develop  in  a  whole- 
some way  after  leaving  the  university. 

It  is  quite  true  that  too  great  in- 
sistence upon  technical  details  in  the 
early  stages  of  the  student's  growth  is  a 
pedagogical  error,  likely  to  lead  to  con- 
fusion, lack  of  understanding,  conse- 
quent lack  of  careful  elaboration  and 
lack  of  seriousness  because  of  the  lack 
of  definite  responsibility.  The  student 
can  and  must  learn  details  in  an  office 
later,  and  will  learn  them  there  more 
quickly  and  more  effectively  because  he 


is  on  real  work  and  his  mistakes  mean 
much  more  than  a  slight  reduction  in 
his  term's  mark  or  an  admonition  to  be 
more  careful  next  time.  However,  we 
have  not  gone  to  the  extreme  with  some 
of  our  contemporaries,  who  hold  that 
the  teaching  of  details  has  no  place  at  all 
in  the  college  curriculum.  We  believe 
it  has  a  place  and  a  definite  place,  even 
though  it  be  a  minor  one;  hence  the 
course  in  working  drawings  herein  illus- 
trated. 

This  course  is  given  in  the  first  half 
of  the  third  year  after  the  student  has 
some  perception  of  architecture  and 
sufficient  technical  knowledge  to  appre- 
ciate its  meaning,  and  because  its  in- 
troduction here  tends  to  secure  a  reason- 
able application  of  practical  details  in 
the  later  courses  in  design. 

Preparatory  to  the  course  in  "Work- 
ing Drawings,"  the  student  has  already 
had  a  considerable  training  in  archaeol- 
ogy, elementary  design  and  freehand 
drawing  in  addition  to  his  general  his- 
torical and  scientific  studies.  In  par- 
ticular, as  more  directly  bearing  on  this 
work,  he  has  had  a  brief  course  in  the 
planning  of  small  buildings,  including  a 
series  of  residential  problems.  The 
more  advanced  work  in  the  planning  of 
monumental  buildings  comes  later. 
The  course  in  "Working  Drawings*' 
varies  from  year  to  year,  but  as  herein 
illustrated  it  consisted  of  a  preliminary 
sketch  of  a  small  house  (really  a  sketch 
problem  in  design)  following  a  written 
program  as  in  the  regular  work  in 
design.  The  sketches  were  required  at 
a  scale  of  }i  inch  to  the  foot,  and  from 
these  were  developed  the  34  iiich  scale 
working  drawings  as  shown.     The  fin- 


STUDENTS'    WORKING    DRAWINGS. 


and    Basement    Flan. 
.   KESIDBNCB   FOR    MR.    C.    D.    KRU.SE,  DAVENPORT,   IOWA. 
Walter  O.   Kri 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Third  Floor  Plan. 


Second  Floor  Plan. 
A    IIESIDENCE    FOR    MR.    C.    D.    KRUSE. 


STUDEA'TS-    WORKING    DRAWINGS. 


East  I 
A  RESIDENCE  FOR  MR.   C.   D.  KRUSE. 


ished  drawings  required  were  cloth  trac- 
ings of  all  floor  plans,  all  elevations  and 
at  least  one  section.  In  addition  to  this, 
certain  periods  were  set  aside  for  the 
making  of  full  size  typical  details  such 
as  windows,  doors,  cornices,  etc.  These 
details  were  made  in  pencil  only  and 
used  for  reference  in  developing  the  J4- 
inch  scale  drawings,  the  result  being' 
that  although  no  full  size  details  were 
developed  as  finished  drawings  many  de- 
tails were  studied  in  their  application  to 
the  problem,  the  purpose  being  to  give 
the  student  himself  a  maximum  of  profit 
in  the  understanding  of  his  work. 

Not  the  least  interesting  thing  about 
this  course  in  "Working  Drawings"  is 
the  comparatively  small  amount  of  time 
given  to  it.  Figured  out  on  a  strictly 
pro  rata  basts  with  other  courses  given 


at  the  same  time  we  find  that  the  pupil 
is  allowed  two  days  for  his  preliminary 
sketches  and  twenty- live  and  one-half 
days  for  making  and  finishing  the  J4- 
inch  scale  working  drawings  and  pencil 
studies  of  typical  details,  or  slightly 
less  than  four  weeks  of  office  time  for 
the  entire  work.  Whether  the  results 
are  adequate  or  otherwise  must  be  for 
the  reader  to  judge,  bearing  in  mind  that 
the  pupil  has  designed  his  own  house 
from  a  written  program  without  other 
definite  suggestion,  and  usually  without 
previous  experience  in  this  line  of  work. 
In  subsequent  issues  other  examples 
of  the  work  in  the  course  in  "Working 
Drawings"  at  the  Cornell  University 
College  of  Architecture  will  be  pre- 
sented. The  designs  chosen  are  the 
work  of  several  students. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


jouth  Elevation. 


DANIEL   HUDSON   BURNHAM 


By  THEODORE   STARRETT 


I    FIRST  saw  Daniel  Burnham  when  he 
was  in  the  flush  of  his  early  business 
success  in  1884.    He  had  just  started  to 
get  his  gait.    With  his  partner,  John  W. 
Root,    and    a    great    lieutenant,    Frank 
Sickels,  and  a  water  color  genius,  Paul 
Lautrup,  to  make  perspective  drawings, 
he  had  formed  a  combination  that  was 
sweeping   everything   before    it,   as    the 
crop  of  commissions  proved.    The  Mon- 
tauk  Block,  the  first  of  the  skyscrapers, 
a  little  fellow  about  eighty  feet  square 
and  nine  stories  high,   was   under  con- 
struction,   and    The    Rookery,    Hienix 
Building  and  Insurance  Exchange  were 
on  the   boards.      I   was   office  boy  and 
student  at  the  time  for  W.  W.  Boying- 
ton,  who  had  been,  and  still  was,  Chi- 
cago's   greatest    architect    of    the    old 
regime.     I    was    a    bashful    youngster 
carrying    a    letter    from    my    employer 
to  the  "future  great."     I  handed  it  to 
him  in  person  as  he  sat  in  his  little  pri- 
vate office  hardly  big  enough  to  hold  his 
desk  and  himself.    Burnham  was  a  great 
believer  in  the  small  private  office.     His 
planning  faculty  and  his  economical  in- 
stinct showed  even  in  those  days  in  the 
way  in  which  he  would  lay  out  an  office 
to    hold    a    roll    top    desk    and    three 
chairs — one    for   the   office   holder,   one 
for   the   visitor   and   one   for   a   stenog- 
rapher, with  a  chance  for  two  visitors  if 
the    stenographer   would    vacate.      The 
Grannis  Block  was  one  of  Burnham  & 
Root's  buildings   then   recently   finished, 
and  their  office  was  laid  out   well  and 
properly.      Everything   was    done    right. 
There  was  an  outer  office,  but  the  guard- 
ian, if  there  was  one,  was  off  duty,  so  I 
wandered  into  the  presence  of  the  great 
man  without  any  formality.     I  remem- 
ber him  as  he  sat  at  his  desk — a  large 


man,  not  so  well  shaped  as  lie  grew  to  be 
in  his  later  life,  reddish  brown  hair  and 
a  big  drooping  red  moustache,  a  wide- 
opening  eye  that  swept  me  with  its 
glance  as  he  held  the  letter  in  his  hand. 
I  was  detained  a  moment  to  see  if  there 
was  an  answer  and  then  dismissed. 

The  next  time  I  saw  him  was  a  year 
later  in  Burnham  &  Root's  offices  in  the 
Montauk  Block,  where  growing  business 
and  the  need  for  expansion  had  carried 
them.  I  was  hiring  out  to  the  firm  on  a 
month's  trial,  the  pay  to  be  what  I  was 
worth.  I  had  been  ushered  into  Sickels' 
office,  where  Burnham  was  standing.  I 
noticed  then  his  erect  and  commanding 
figure, — that  front  and  poise  of  Jove 
himself, — for  Burnham  was  one  of  the 
grandest  looki^ig  men  that  ever  lived, 
and  much  of  his  success  was  due  to  his 
presence.  I  will  spare  an  account  of 
what  he  said,  although  I  remember  every 
word  and  every  gesture  as  he  turned  me 
over  to  Sickels,  foreman  of  the  office 
and  at  that  time  forming  with  Burnham 
and  Root  one  of  the  architectural  Big 
Three  in  the  cit>^  of  Chicago.  The  job 
with  Burnham  &  Root  lasted  for  six 
years,  or  until  I  left  to  go  into  business 
for  myself.  During  those  six  years  I 
saw  and  was  a  small  part  of  many  inter- 
esting things. 

Those  were  the  days  and  that  was  the 
place  of  the  beginnings  of  steel  skeleton 
construction — not  the  origination  of  it, 
because  it  grew  in  many  offices.  Mr. 
Jenney,  for  instance,  who  had  been 
Burnham  and  Root's  employer  and  pre- 
ceptor, had  a  large  practice,  though  even 
then  it  was  overshadowed  by  the  work  of 
the  younger  firm.  Mr.  Jenney  was  an  en- 
gineer-architect and  as  such  approached 
his  work  from  the  engineering  point  of 


282 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


view;  Root  was  an  artist  draftsman  J 
Burnham  just  a  plain  'business  man.  As 
\Burnham's  was  the  dominant  nature, 
the  new  firm  was  doing  business  in  a 
business  way,  though  with  great  ambi- 
tion and  great  pretensions  as  to  what  1 
will  call  pure  architecture  namely,  the 
beautification  of  the  outward  skin  of  the 
building.  The  business  of  the  firm  grew 
apace.  They  won  the  Stock  Exchange 
competition  in  Kansas  City,  having  as 
competitors  some  of  the  best  architects 
of  the  East.  A  whole  swarm  of  com- 
missions came  into  the  office,  and  before 
The  Rookery  was  finished  the  Kansas 
City  Stock  Exchange,  the  Midland  Hotel 
in  Kansas  City  and  two  other  large  build- 
ings there,  together  with  more  business 
in  Chicago,  made  it  necessary  for  them 
to  move  to  larger  quarters.  These  were 
established  in  The  Rookery,  where  again 
a  suite  of  offices  was  laid  out  according 
to  the  favorite  plan — di  large  office  for 
consultations,  an  enormous  drafting 
room,  with  tiny  private  offices  for  the 
members  of  the  firm. 

The  untimely  death  of  John  Root  was 
a  great  blow  to  Burnham,  for  he  had 
fairly  idolized  him.  Part  of  the  success 
of  the  firm  was  due  to  the  abiding  ad- 
miration that  Burnham  felt  for  his 
partner.  When  he  would  go  after  busi- 
ness he  would  brag  about  Root  as  an 
architectural  genius  in  a  way  that  was 
wonderful  to  behold.  It  was  a  case  of 
David  and  Jonathan  over  again.  Whe- 
ther Root's  genius  was  as  great  as  Burn- 
ham thought  it  in  those  days  I  used  to 
doubt,  but  in  the  light  of  present  knowl- 
edge comparing  his  work  with  that  of 
his  contemporaries,  it  is  a  question  in 
my  mind  whether  he  was  not  as  great  an 
architect  as  Louis  Sullivan  and  whether 
he  might  not,  if  he  had  lived  to  round 
out  his  years  as  his  partner  did,  have 
done  as  great  things  in  his  way  as  did 
Burnham. 

An    incident   which   happened   in   the 


early  days  in  The  Rookery  is  interesting. 
A  disaster  occurred  on  the  Midland 
Hotel  in  Kansas  City  as  it  was  being 
topped  out.  Several  of  the  trusses  sup- 
porting the  roof  of  the  dining  room, 
which  was  at  the  top  of  the  building,  had 
crushed  their  supporting  piers  and  had 
fallen  to  the  floor  below,  causing  the 
death  of  one  or  two  men.  The  news 
came  to  the  office  that  the  building  had 
fallen  down.  It  looked  as  if  the  end 
•had  come.  Burnham  went  into  Root's 
office  and  threw  his  arm  around  him  and 
said,  "John,  we  have  stuck  together  in 
prosperity,  we  will  stick  together  in 
failure."  But  it  was  not  to  be  failure. 
Later  reports  came  which  showed  that 
the  disaster  was  not  as  great  as  had  been 
supposed.  Burnham  rushed  to  Kansas 
City,  and  the  way  he  pulled  his  firm  out 
of  that  scrape  in  the  succeeding  days 
was  not  the  least  of  the  magnificent 
things  of  his  career. 

The  World's  Fair  and  the  untimely 
death  of  Root,  incompatible  as  the  two 
things  may  seem  had  well  nigh  ended 
the  professional  career  of  Burnham,  at 
least  so  his  enemies  thought.  I  am  not 
sure  whether  the  loss  of  Root  had  any- 
thing to  do  with  the  employment  of  the 
eastern  architects  on  the  important 
buildings  of  the  Fair  or  not.  I  am  un- 
der the  impression  that  the  general 
scheme  had  been  laid  out  and  that  the 
parceling  out  of  the  great  buildings  to 
Richard  M.  Hunt,  McKim,  Mead  & 
White,  Peabody  &  Stearns,  George  B. 
Post  and  others  was  decided  upon  with 
Root's  concurrence.  When  Root  died 
Burnham  threw  himself  into  the  work 
of  the  Fair  and  allowed  his  private 
practice  to  go  to  pieces.  He  had  an  eye 
to  the  future  even  then. 

"O,  days  and  nights,  your  work  is  this, 

To  keep  me  from  my  proper  place; 

A  little  while  from  his  embrace 

For  fuller  gain  of  after  bliss." 

Through  all  the  work  of  the  World's 


DANIEL   HUDSON  BURNHAM. 


Fair  the  great  offices  in  The  Rookery 
were  kept  up,  although  sometimes  there 
were  not  a  corporal's  guard  in  the  whole 
establishment.  After  the  Fair  was  all 
over  and  the  work  of  removing  the  old 
buildings  had  been  finished,  Burnham 
returned  to  his  old  place.  The  little 
private  office  was  not  used  very  much. 
The  big  reception  room  was  Bumham's 
office.  Standing  in  front  of  the  fire- 
place overlooking  him  as  he  worked 
stood  a  bronze  bust,  life  size,  of  John 
Root,  which  had  been  made  by  Johannes 
Gelert,  There  it  stood  watching  the 
surviving  partner  as  he  took  up  the 
white  man's  burden  and  moved  on  to 
affairs  that  completely  eclipsed  those  of 
the  old  days. 

When  increasing  business  again  com- 
pelled the  removal  to  larger  quarters  in 
the  Railway  Exchange  Building.  Burn- 
ham's  office  was  built  again  in  the  south- 
east corner  of  the  building,  larger,  much 
larger,  than  the  big  reception  room 
in  The  Rookery;  simple  in  its  design, 
preserving  the  warm  brown  colors  of 
the  old  room,  only  larger;  the  rug, 
specially  woven,  was  of  the  same  fabric 


as  the  old  rug,  only  larger ;  and 
the  table  which  occupied  the  center  of 
the  room  was  big  enough  to  spread 
upon  it  the  enormous  drawings  of  the 
Lake  Front  Improvement,  one  of  Bum- 
ham's  occupations  during  the  old  idle 
days  of  the  interim.  The  same  uncov- 
ered desk  which  had  stood  in  the  recep- 
tion room  in  The  Rookery  and  which 
Bumhftm  had  used  after  he  had  left  the 
small  office,  stood  at  one  end  of  the  new 
office,  and  overlooking  him  as  he  worked 
stood  the  bust  of  his  beloved  partner. 

The  last  time  I  saw  Burnham  was 
three  years  ago.  As  I  entered  his  office 
he  was  standing  silhouetted  against  the 
bright  light  of  the  windows.  His  impos- 
ing height  and  his  magnificent  carriage 
were  again  impressed  upon  me.  My 
first  words  were,  "How  are  you,  Mr. 
Burnham?"  and  his  reply  that  he  was 
getting  old  seemed  to  belie  his  looks. 
He  was  then  only  sixty-three. 

It  is  hard  for  me  to  think  of  Bum- 
ham  without  thinking  of  Root.  Root 
died  in  1891 ;  Burnham's  death  on  June 
1,  1912,  at  the  age  of  sixty-five  was  un- 
timely even  as  had  been  his  partner's. 


THE  PUBLIC  LIBRARY.  ST.  LOUIS,  MO. 


Ca,sa    Gilbert,    i 


PUBLIC   LIBRARY   BUILDINGS 


SOME  comparisons  are  illuminating. 
The  centra]  library  of  a  great  Amer- 
ican city  is  the  head  of  a  system.  The 
building  that  houses  it,  it  may  be  said, 
takes  on  a  certain  definite  form.  The 
library  system  suitable  for  a  large  popu- 
lation consists  of  one  central  bnilding 
with  branch  buildings  distributed  over 
the  territory  which  make  the  literature 
readily  accessible  to  the  people.  If  we 
compare  the  plan  of  the  St.  Louis  library 
with  that  of  the  Xew  York  public  library 
we  will  find  that  the  difference  is  mainty 
one  of  size  and  that  the  elementary  prin- 
ciple of  each  plan  is  about  the  same.  The 
greatest  difference  to  be  noted  is  in  the 
working  of  the  library.  In  Xew  York 
the  catalogue  room  and  main  reading 
room  are  at  the  top  of  the  building;  in 
St.  Louis  the  delivery  room  and  refer- 
ence reading  room  are  on  the  first  floor. 
But,  all  things  considered,  the  principle 


of  the  planning  is  the  same  in  the  two 
buildings.  Both  plans  contain  a  central 
pavilion  with  courts  to  either  side.  This 
pavilion  in  a  sense  ties  the  whole  build- 
ing together  both  in  its  plan  and  in  its 
operation. 

In  the  St.  I^uis  library  there  is  a 
monumental  approach  with  a  vestibule, 
entrance  hall  and  stair  hall,  the  flights 
leading  to  the  upper  story  being  to  either 
side.  There  is  a  direct  passage  through 
from  the  front  entrance  into  the  delivery 
and  catalogue  room  which  forms  the  cen- 
tral pavilion  of  the  first  floor.  Left  and 
right  from  this  delivery  room  are  the 
reference  reading  room  and  the  open 
shelf  room.  To  the  rear  of  the  deliver)' 
room,  passing  through  a  small  wing 
which  contains  working  quarters,  is  the 
main  stack  room  which  occupies  the  rear 
of  the  building.  The  left  and  right 
wings  at  the  front  contain  the  art  col- 


ST.   LOUIS   PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 


ST.    LOUIS    PUBLIC    LIBRARY. 
Qeneral  Cotilraclor;    John  Pelrce  Co. 
Painting:   W.  P.   Nelson  Company. 
Clock  ByBtem:  Seth  Thomna  Clock  Co. 
Grant  Overhead   Pulleys  Us«d. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


n*\ 


if  Si 


ST.   LOUIS   PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 


ARCfUTECTuRB'  'ANX>  '•BVlIlDim. 


JJ 


NEIV  HAVEN  FREE  LIBRARY. 


lection  room  and  the  periodical  room, 
both  entered  from  the  main  entrance  hall 
and  connecting  through  into  the  two  side 
wings.  Thus  all  the  principal  rooms  are 
interconnected  and  there  are  no  corri- 
dors, entrance  to  the  reading  rooms 
being  obtained  through  the  main  en- 
trance and  delivery  room. 

The  second  floor  of  the  St.  Louis 
library  is  divided  into  smaller  special 
libraries  and  the  business  departments 
of  the  library.  The  court  surrounds 
three  sides  of  the  central  pavilion  at 
this  level. 

The  St.  Louis  library  cost  about  one 
and  one-half  millions  of  dollars.  It  Js  a 
monumental  building,  as  it  should  be, 
and  it  has  appropriate  mass  and  propor- 
tion. In  .the. .det^il^of^ its  interior  ifhas 
a  wealth  of  beautiful  and  well-designed 
architectural  adornment.  Doorways, 
mouldings,  cornices,  appropriate  bronze 
gates  and  doors,  ornamental  lamps  and 


decorated  ceilings  are  all  well  thought 
out  and  perform  their  part  in  the  deco- 
rative scheme  of  the  whole. 

The  City  Library  of  Springfield  pre- 
sents in  another  form  a  plan  which  on  a 
smaller  scale  accomplishes  the  same  pur- 
pose as  the  St.  Louis  library.  There  is 
the  main  entrance  and  stair  hall  in  one, 
opening  directly  into  the  combined  de- 
livery and  catalogue  room.  One  stack 
is  behind  this  and  in  the  basement  is  the 
principal  stack  space.  To  the  left  of  the 
delivery  room  is  the  main  book  room, 
which  combines  a  reference  reading  room 
and  an  open  shelf  room  in  one.  To  the 
right  of  the  delivery  room  is  the  fine 
arts  room,-  and  the  periodical  room  occu- 
pies a  space  jnst  to  the  right  of  the 
entrance  on  the. front.  -The. second  story 
contains  small  rooms  devoted  to  various 
libraries.  Two  open  wells  which  illu- 
minate the  main  book  room  and  the  fine 
arts  room  pass  through  this  story. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


NEW   HAVEN  FREE  LIBRARY.  291 

i 


292 


ARCHITEGTURE\AND    BUILDING. 


The  architect  of  the  St.  Louis  Public 
Library  was  Cass  Gilbert.  The  John 
Pierce  Co.  were  the  general  contrac- 
tors. Donnelly  and  Ricci  did  the  stone 
carving  and  produced  the  models  for 
all  the  carved  work  and  relief  orna- 
mentation. The  exterior  is  of  white 
Vermont  marble.  The  W.  P.  Nelson 
Co.  did  the  painting  and  Heinigke 
and  Bowen  produced  the  mosaic  glass 


ceilings  of  the  vestibule  and  halls.  The 
bronze  entrance  gates,  bronze  doors  and 
screens  were  cast  by  The  Gorham  Co, 
The  clock  system  of  the  building  was 
installed  by  the  Seth  Thomas  Clock  Co. 
In  the  Springfield  Library,  the  Cheney 
Bigelow  Wire  Works  erected  the  elevator 
enclosures.  Cass  Gilbert  was  the  archi- 
tect and  the  Samuel  M.  Green  Co.  were 
the  engineers  in  charge  of  construction. 


SPRINGFIELD    CITY    LIBR-^UY. 


SPRINGFIELD   CITY  LIBRARY. 


Corbin  Hardware. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


TWO  READ 


ESSEX  COUNTY  NATIONAL  BANK 


NEWARK,  N.  J. 

CLINTON  &  RUSSELL,  Architects 


PLACED  just  beside  the  Public  Ser- 
vice Building,  which  was  finished 
about  a  year  ago,  and  which  forms  part 
of  the  Prudential  group  on  Broad  Street, 
Newark,  the  Essex  County  National 
Bank  is  a  building  with  a  three-story 
fagade  built  up  of  white  marble  with  a 
great  bronze  screen  sixty  feet  in  height 
which  contains  all  the  window  area  of 
the  front.  The  portal  is  also  of  marble 
and  frames  the  bronze  entrance  doors. 

Within,  the  floors  and  counters  are  of 
marble,  the  screens  above  the  counters 
of  bronze,  the  sidewalls  of  Caen  stone 
and  the  ceiling  of  ornamental  design  in 
white  plaster.  The  marble  of  the  floor- 
ing is  Tennessee  and  the  marble  for  the 
counter  bases  is  Bottocino.  Besides  the 
windows  at  the  rear,  there  is  a  series  of 
square  ceiling  lights  which  furnish  an 
even  illumination  for  the  interior. 

The  bank  directors  originally  contem- 
plated a  fifteen-story  building  and  had 
in  view  a  much  wider  plot.  However, 
the  problem  finally  presented  was  to 
place  a  banking  equipment  on  a  plot  some 
39  feet  in  width,  and  this  was  the  prob- 
lem which  was  worked  out  by  Clinton 


and  Russell,  architects,  and  Thomas 
Bruce  Boyd,  the  bank  engineer.  The 
primarv'  scheme  was  a  one-sided  bank 
with  a  front  entrance  to  one  side,  but 
Mr.  Boyd  developed  the  horse-shoe  plan 
with  a  center  door.  This  gave  good  ac- 
commodation for  present  needs  and  suffi- 
cient room  for  expansion.  The  bank  is 
planned  on  a  unit  principle  and  is  well 
schemed  for  the  efficient  conduct  of  a 
banking  business  in  the  future. 

In  arrangement  the  central  space  is 
for  public  use,  while  the  banking  area 
is  arranged  about  the  walls  with  the 
office  of  the  president  immediately  at  the 
side  of  the  entrance  vestibule  in  front. 
One  side  is  practically  not  used  at  pres- 
ent and  provides  for  future  expansion. 
The  rear  mezzanine  furnishes  a  commo- 
dious space  for  the  working  force,  and 
on  the  mezzanine  at  the  front  space  is 
afforded  for  the  directors'  room,  which 
has  a  balcony  overlooking  the  interior. 

The  second  floor  occupies  the  whole 
lot  area  except  for  a  central  well  above 
the  skylight  of  the  main  banking  room. 
It  is  reached  by  stairs  and  elevators 
both  front  and  rear.     This  space  is  in- 


FIRST    FLOOR    PLAN,     ESSEX    COUNTY     NATIONAL    BANK. 
Thomas  Bruce   Boyd,   Equipment  Specialist.  Clinton    &    Russell,    Architects. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


ESSEX  COUNTY  NATIONAL  BANK.  753  BROAD  ST.,  NEWARK,  N.  J. 
Builders:  The  Hedden  Conatructlon  Co.  Clinton  &  Russell,  Architects. 

Gorton  Wrought  Steel  Boilers. 

Bronze  Faqnde  and  DoorB:  John  Tolaohek  Brunze  &  Iron  Co. 

Bank  Vault  Engineer:  Frederick  3.  Holmes.  ... 


ESSEX  COUNTY  NATIONAL  BANK.- 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


MARBLE   FLOOR  AND  COUNTERS,   BRONZE  COUNTER  SCREENS.      ESSEX  COUNTY 

NATIONAL  BANK. 
Grant   Overhead   Pulleys.  Clinton  &  Russell,  Architects. 

-  ■    -    ■        ~    ■  —      -  Co.  Equipment  and  Furniture  Designed  By 

Thoraaa   Bruce  Boyd. 
(  Bronse  &  Iron  Co. 


ESSEX  COUNTY  NATIONAL  BANK. 


COUNTER    DETAIL    AND    VIEW    TOWARD    THE    ENTRANCE.      ESSEX  COUNTY 
NATIONAL  BANK. 
LlghtliiK    Fixtures:    The    Browe    Co.  Clinton  &  Russell,  Architects. 

EvBDH'    Creacent    Expansion   Rolta    Used. 

Interior   Bronie:    John    Polachek  Bronze  &  Iron  Co.       Equipment  and  Furniture  Designed  By 
Corbln   Hardware.  Thomas  Bruce  Boyd. 

Interior   Marble:    George   Brown    &    Co. 


300 


ARCHITECTURS.    AUD  BUILDING. 


tended  for  the  working  force  of  the 
bank. 

In  the  basement  there  is  a  safe  deposit 
vault  of  which  Mr.  Frederick  S.  fiolmes 
is  the  engineer.  It  is  so  buiit  and  illumi- 
nated that  the  watchman  on  guard  can 
inspect  all  sides  and  the  bottom  by 
means  of  mirrors. 

The  Hedden  Construction  Co.  were 
the  general  contractors.  The  interior 
marble  work  was  done  by  George  Brown 
&  Co.,  and  the  ornamental  plaster  ceil- 
ing was  carried  out  by  Dominic  A. 
WaJsh.  The  screens  for  the  banking 
room  and  the  -grills   and  rails   for  the 


elevator  front  and  balconies  are  of 
bronze  cast  by  the  John  Polachek  Bronze 
and  Iron  Co.  This  firm  also  produced 
the  bronze  window  frame  work  of  the 
exterior.  The  Browe  Co.  made  the 
lighting  fixtures.  Besides  being  instru- 
mental in  the  planning  of  the  bank,  Mr. 
Boyd  also  designed  the  furniture  and 
banking  equipment. 

The  heating  plant  consists  of  two  Gor- 
ton wrought  steel  boilers  set  in  twin  con- 
nection so  that  they  can  be  run  sepa- 
rately or  together.  Each  boiler  has  a 
capacity  for  heating  3,950  square  feet  of 
direct  radiating  surface. 


StANDPIPE  AND  HOSE  SYSTEM  IN  BUILDINGS 

Being  Portions  of  the  Report  of  the  Committee  on  Standards 

of  the  National  Fire  Protection  Association. 

W.  C.  ROBINSON,  Chairman 


MR.  ROBINSON'S  report  is  val- 
uable in  that  it  presents  a  concise 
statement  of  the  requirements  of  stand- 
nents.  The  matter 
mp  rises  about  one- 
ind  contains  much 
iformation  which 
he  .structural  er^- 

HOSC;.  SYSTEMS 
'Standards  has  giv- 
e  siibjict .  of  stand- 
is  duiririg  the  past 
f  forjriulatihg  .rules 
i'cientlj'  comprchen- 
idoptioii  "as   a   staiid- 

buil  dings. 
I  tic'  sprinkler  equip- 
"propcrly  equipped 
d  statid-pipe  system 
leans  for  the  extin- 
buildings.  Each  of 
ipahle  of  furnishing 
which   the   other   is 

^ , .       instances  they   may 

be  'made  to"  serve  as  components  of  each 


At  the  outset  the  preparation  of  a  stand- 
ard for  standpipes  was  found  to  be  much 
more  complex  and  difficult  than  anticipated- 
The  subject  is  somewhat  complicated  by 
the  great  difference  in  municipal  requi.e- 
mcnts,  and  in  the  opinions  relative  to  the 
value  of  standpipe  and  hose  systems  as  a 
means  of  fire  extinguishment,  but  the  ex- 
isting requirements  are  usually  so  general 
in  character  that  a  comprehensive  stand- 
ard can  probably  be  made  lo  include  all 
of  their  good  features. 

The  Committee  has  confined  its  efforts 
to  the  consideration  of  inside  standpipe  and 
hose  systems  in  which  the  water  pressures 
can  be  maintained  at  all  times.  Standpipes 
for.  installation  on  the  exterior  of  buildings 
and  standpipes  subject  to  freezing  and  in 
which  the  water  cannot  be  maintained  will 
also  require  careful  .Consideration.  As  a 
result  of  the  investigations  made,  the  sub- 
ject has  been  divided  into  the  subdivisions; 
indicated  by  the  general  headings  in  this 
report.  An  attempt  has  been- made  to  in- 
clude under  each  division  all  of  the  more! 
essential  features  which  require, special  con-; 
sideration.  particularly  those  relating  lo' 
installation,  use  and  maintenance.  No  at-' 
tempt  has  thus  far  been  made  toformulale^ 
definite  requirements  or  specifications,  but 
it  is  hdped-tliat 'the  various  items- have -been 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


301 


presented  in  such  a  way  that  full  discussion 
will  be  brought  out  and  a  good  start  se- 
cured toward  requirements  which  will  meet 
approval  in  all  sections  of  the  country. 


GENERAL  INFORMATION. 

PREPARATION  OF  BUILDINGS.— 
Little  preparation  is  necessary  for  the  in- 
stallation of  standpipe  and  hose  systems 
under  ordinary  conditions.  The  fixed  part 
of  the  system  can  usually  be  conveniently 
located,  and,  by  reason  of  the  flexibility 
provided  by  the  hose,  without  seriously  af- 
fecting the  protection  furnished. 

In  buildings  elaborately  finished  on  the 
interior,  where  concealed  piping  is  desired, 
special  preparation  for  the  installation  of 
the  standpipes  in  walls  and  partitions  is 
often  necessary.  Closets  or  cabinets  are 
sometimes  desirable  for  the  hose  equipment, 
to  render  it  less  conspicuous  and  objec- 
tionable from  the  aesthetic  point  of  view. 
Such  closets  or  cabinets  should  be  so  de- 
signed as  not  to  interfere  with  the  handling 
of  the  hose  and  should  be  provided  with 
signs  calling  attention  to  the  fact  that  they 
contain  the  fire  hose.  Fire  extinguishers 
and  extra  equipment,  in  the  form  of  axes, 
crowbars  and  lanterns,  can  also  be  placed 
in  such  enclosures.  Watchmen's  stations 
and  tire  alarm  boxes  may  be  located  to 
advantage  in  such  closets  or  cabinets  in 
some   cases. 

Ventilated  metal  clad  hose  houses  on 
roofs  are  necessary  where  roof  hydrants 
are  provided  and  where  the  hydrant  can- 
not be  conveniently  placed  in  existing  en- 
closures on  roofs.  Special  provision  must 
often  be  made  in  the  walls  of  buildings 
at  the  first  story  for  the  accommodation  of 
the   connections  for  the   city   steamers- 

PLANS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS.— De 
tailed  plans  showing  the  location,  sizes  and 
connections  of  the  fixed  portion  of  stand- 
pipe  systems  should  be  provided,  particu- 
larly where  the  building  or  plant  is  large 
and  where  numerous  partitions  or  obstruc- 
tions must  be  taken  into  consideration  m 
the  layout.  These  drawings  should  be 
drawn  to  scale  and  should  consist  of  such 
floor  plans  and  sections  as  may  be  neces- 
sary to  clearly  indicate  all  of  the  apparatus 
to  be  installed  and  its  location.  The  plans 
should  be  accompanied  by  specifications 
covering  the  character  of  the  material,  and 
features  relating  to  the  installation  in  de- 
tail. 

EXPERIENCED  WORKMEN.— Stand- 
pipe  systems  should  be  entrusted  to  none 
but  fully  experienced  and  responsible  work- 
men. Their  installation  should  not  be 
made  incidental  to  other  contracts  of  a 
similar  nature  unless  full  detailed  specificn- 
tions  are  employed  in  which  the  apparatus 


and  materials  to  be  used  and  the  character 
of  the  installation  work  required  is  made 
clear.  

SIZE  OF  STANDPIPES  AND  CONNEC- 
TIONS. 

The  size  of  the  standpipes  and  connec- 
tions is  governed  by  the  size  and  number 
of  effective  fire  streams  it  is  necessary  to 
economically  provide  at  any  point  or  num- 
ber of  points  in  the  building  simultaneously. 
In  other  words,  the  size  of  the  piping 
is  dependent  on  the  maximum  quantity  of 
water  it  is  necessary  to  deliver  at  any 
point  in  the  building  in  a  given  interval  of 
time  without  introducing  excessive  losses 
by  friction  or  placing  an  undue  burden  on 
the  pumping  apparatus. 

After  the  size  and  location  of  the  fire 
streams  accessary  for  the. proper  protection 
of  the  building,  both  on  the  inside  and  on 
the  exterior,  and  the  number  of  these 
streams  which  it  will  be  necessary  to  op- 
erate simultaneously  have  been  ascertained, 
the  size  of  the  standpipes  and  connec- 
tions necessary  to  supply  them  can  be  ac- 
curately determined,  as  the  amount  of  water 
discharged  by  standard  streams  and  the 
friction  losses  in  hose  and  piping  at  va- 
rious rates  of  flow  is  known  and  the  prob- 
lem is  one  in  hydraulics. 

In  well-designed  buildings  where  fire  can- 
not readily  communicate  from  story  to  story 
and  where  exterior  streams  are  unneces- 
sary, one  standard  \%  inch  stream  on  each 
story,  from  each  standpipe  equipped  for 
Fire  Department  use,  will  ordinarily  be  all 
the  heavy  hose  service  required.  In  some 
cases,  however,  where  the  conditions  are 
such  that  streams  from  two  stories  may 
be  readily  brought  to  bear,  it  may  be  ad- 
visable to  make  the  standpipes  large  enough 
for  two  standard  streams  at  each  story. 

Where  the  building  is  so  designed  that 
fire  can  readily  spread  from  story  to  story 
and  where  roof  hydrants  and  exterior 
streams  are  necessary,  the  size  of  the  stand- 
pipes  should  be  increased  to  supply  the 
number  of  streams  which  the  conditions  in- 
dicate will  be  called  for  at  the  same  time. 

In  buildings  where  the  exterior  exposures 
are  such  that  monitor  nozzles  or  roof  hy- 
drants are  desirable  and  the  simultaneous 
use  of  fairly  large  streams  is  likely  to  be 
necessary  at  several  stories,  the  standpipes 
and  connections  must  be  large,  possibly  \^ 
excess  of  eight  inches.  The  number  and 
size  of  the  streams  required  for  effective 
service  of  this  character,  particularly  in 
high  buildings  where  it  may  be  only  pos- 
sible to  fight  fire  from  the  nearby  build- 
ings, are  the  largest  factors  influencing  the 
size  of.  the  standpipes  intended  for  use  by 
public  Fire  Departments  and  trained  pri- 
vate   fire    departments.      The    necessity    for 


302 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


large  standpipes  was  clearly  evidenced  dur- 
ing the  burning  of  the  Equitable  building 
in  New  York  last  winter.  The  part  played 
by  standpipe  and  hose  equipments  at  th's 
fire  is  prominently  mentioned  and  analysed 
in  some  detail  in  the  very  comprehensive 
report  issued  by  the  New  York  Board  ti 
Fire   Underwriters. 

The  standpipes  used  solely  to  supply  the 
first  aid  streams  operated  by  the  occupants 
of  buildings  may  be  comparatively  small, 
as  those  streams  do  not  require  water  in 
much  volume  and  will  ordinarily  only  be 
employed  in  the  story  where  the  fire  orig- 
inates. The  amount  of  water  required  fur 
such  streams  would  not  be  a  factor  in  de- 
termining the  size  of  standpipes  wh^re 
they  are  supplied  by  the  larger  standpipes 
equipped  for  Fire  Department  use. 

Connections  to  the  standpipes  should  have 
as  few  changes  in  direction  as  the  construc- 
tion of  the  building  and  the  circumstances 
will  permit,  and  should  be  provided  with 
long  bend  fittings.  The  connections  from 
tank  supplies  should  be  made  to  the  top 
of  the  standpipes,  and  where  several  stand- 
pipes  are  employed  they  should  be  cross 
connected  at  top  and  bottom  and  each 
source  of  water  supply  properly  checked 
against  the  others. 

The  connection  from  each  source  of  w;iter 
supply  should  be  independent,  direct  and  as 
large  as  the  class  of  service  requirj^,  or 
large  enough  to  deliver  its  maximum  vol- 
ume of  water  per  minute  without  undue  luf  s 
by  friction.  Particular  attention  sh  )ald  be 
given  to  the  size  of  the  connections  Oirough 
which  the  standpipes  are  supplied  by  City 
Fire  Departments,  as  it  is  from  this  s  :»urce 
that  water  in  the  greatest  volume  must 
often  be  secured  for  the  longest  periods  of 
time.  

NUMBER  OF  STANDPIPES, 
The  number  of  standpipes  necessary  for 
proper  protection  is  governed  by  the  area 
and  design  of  the  building,  the  obstracti  >ns 
affecting  accessibility,  the  exterior  expo- 
sures, the  length  of  hose  which  can  be 
effectively  handled,  the  facilities  for  fire  ex- 
tinguishment otherwise  provided,  and  hi 
some  measure  by  the  occupancy  and  the 
character  of  the  construction  of  the  build- 
ing. 

There  should  be  one  or  more  standpipes 
in  each  building  and  in  each  section  of  a 
building   divided   by   fire   walls. 

All  portions  of  each  story  of  the  building 
should  be  within  the  reach  of  at  least  one 
effective  first-aid  fire  stream  supplied 
through  hose  not  exceeding  50  feet  in 
length,  and  also  within  the  reach  of  at 
least  one  standard  IJ/J-inch  stream  supplied 
through  hose  not  exceeding  100  feet  in 
length.     Proper  allowance  should  be  made 


for  all  obstructions  interfering  with  laying 
the  hose  or  the  application  of  the  streams. 
Partitions,  stock,  machinery  and  fixed  ob- 
structions incidental  to  the  occupancy  con- 
stitute the  most  common  obstructions  likely 
to  have  an  influence  on  the  number  of 
standpipes   required. 

Long  lengths  of  hose  should  be  avoided 
as  they  are  difficult  to  handle,  liable  to 
kink  and  interfere  with  the  effectiveness 
of  the  stream  and  cause  the  loss  of  time 
when  it  is  most  valuable.  It  is  important, 
therefore,  that  the  standpipes  supplying 
the  smaller  first  aid  streams  be  in  suffi- 
cient number  to  permit  their  prompt  and 
effective  application.  Where  the  occupancy 
is  specially  hazardous,  a  number  of  short 
lengths  of  the  smaller  hose  at  very  fre- 
quent intervals  may  sometimes  be  supplied 
by  lateral  pipe  connections  from  one  stand- 
pipe.  Extra  hose  stations  or  hose  stations 
necessarily  located  to  one  side  of  the  stand- 
pipe  may  also  be  supplied  by  lateral  con- 
nections to  the  standpipe. 

The  standpipes  equipped  for  use  by  Pub- 
lic Fire  Departments  and  those  trained  in 
handling  the  larger  fire  streams  may  be 
fewer  in  number  and  provided  with  longer 
lengths  of  hose.  The  larger  streams  will 
usually  be  brought  into  play  after  the  fire 
has  gained  some  headway,  employed  as  a 
protection  against  exposing  fires,  or  in 
fighting  fire  in  adjoining  buildings.  The 
greater  power  of  the  larger  streams  and 
their  ability  to  reach  the  seat  of  fire  from 
greater  distances  has  an  important  influ- 
ence on  the  number  of  larger  standpipes 
required.  These  standpipes  may  also  be 
used  to  supply  the  smaller  first-aid  streams 
for  the  areas  in  which  they  are  located. 
Vvlien  the  area  of  the  building  is  small, 
standpipes  provided  with  large  and  small 
hose  equipment  may  be  all  that  is  neces- 
sary for  full   protection. 

In  buildings  where  the  first-aid  fire 
streams  can  properly  be  supplied  from  a 
system  of  automatic  sprinklers,  the  num- 
ber of  standpipes  can  be  confined  to  those 
supplying  the  larger  streams  for  Fire  De- 
partment use. 


LOCATION    OF    STANDPIPES. 

Questions  relating  to  the  design  of  the 
building,  the  accessibility  of  all  portions  of 
the  interior,  the  safety  of  those  on  whom 
dependance  must  be  placed  for  the  opera- 
tion of  the  system,  and  the  exterior  ex- 
posures, are  the  most  important  factors 
influencing  the  location   of  the   standpipes. 

For  mercantile  and  manufacturing  build- 
ings, and  buildings  which  are  not  divided 
by  numerous  partitions,  standpipes  from 
which  the  first-aid  fire  streams  are  sup- 
plied are  best  located  next  to  Columns  in 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


303 


or  near  the  middle  of  the  building,  par- 
ticularly where  the  area  is  large  and  the 
building  is  of  considerable  width.  Where 
the  building  is  narrow  and  where  the  area 
can  be  properly  covered  by  standpines  on 
each  side,  the  side  central  location  may 
be  found  most  suitable.  The  standpipes 
should  be  so  located  that  the  hose  stations 
are  unobstructed  by  stock,  machinery  or 
obstructions    incidental    to    the    occupancy. 

For  hotels,  office  buildings,  and  buildings 
which  are  divided  by  numerous  partitions, 
the  standpipes  should  be  located  in  the 
passages  and  corridors  and  so  spaced  that 
fire  in  any  room  can  be  quickly  reached 
by  at  least  one  first-aid  fire  stream. 

The  exterior  exposures  should  be  taken 
into  consideration  in  the  location  of  the 
standpipes  from  which  the  larger  fire 
streams  are  tak]?n,  particularly  where  the 
buildings  are  high  and  not  separated  by 
wide  streets  or  open  spaces.  Under  such 
conditions  streams  from  nearby  buildings 
may  be  the  only  available  means  of  fight- 
ing fire* 

Standpipes  are  most  commonly  located 
near  stairways  or  within  enclosures  con- 
taining the  stairs  and  elevators.  Where 
such  shafts  are  well  designed  to  keep  out 


fire  and  smoke  and  provide  safe  entrance 
and  exit,  they  form  a  desirable  location 
for  some  of  the  larger  standpipes.  Where 
the  stairs  are  not  enclosed  and  particularly 
where  several  are  provided,  it  may,  in  some 
instances,  be  more  desirable  to  locate  the 
standpipes    between    the   stairways. 

Stairways  are  usually  few  in  number, 
widely  separated  and  frequently  unenclosed. 
Such  conditions  afford  little  sense  of  secur- 
ity against  fire,  and  effective  service  from 
inside  fire  streams  in  the  hands  of  the  oc- 
cupants can,  at  the  most,  only  be  expected 
during  the  incipient  stages  of  fire.  On  this 
account  great  care  should  be  taken  to  lo- 
cate in  convenient  and  conspicuous  places, 
the  standpipes  from  which  first-aid  streams 
are  to  be  taken. 

As  the  safety  of  the  occupants  of  build- 
ings, as  well  as  the  safety  of  those  on  whom 
dependance  must  be  placed  for  the  opera- 
tion of  the  fire-fighting  apparatus,  is  de- 
pendant to  the  greatest  extent  on  the  en- 
closures of  the  stairways,  elevators  and 
vertical  openings  through  buildings,  the 
erection  of  new  buildings  and  the  contin- 
ued occupation  of  existing  buildings  should 
be  conditional  on  the  proper  safeguarding 
of  the  vertical  hazard. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUtLDING. 


MICHIGAN   CENTRAL   RAILWAY    STATION.    DETROIT.    MICH. 
Front  Brick:  Harblion-Walksr  RefractorleB  Co  Warran  A  Watmore,  1  .,_,„,, ,,^    »i-phi»«— •- 

Terra  Cotta:  Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co.  Keed  and  Stem,  fAaaociaiea   ArcniMCia. 

Sebco  Expansion  Bolts  Used. 
Brans'   Crescent   Expansion   Bolts  Used. 


LOFT    BUILDING    ON    16TH    STREET. 


LOFT  1 
Vault  Lights:  Berger  Mfg,  ' 
SprlDliler  SyBtem:  AutomatI 
Blectrlca]  Conlractora:  Poi 
Stanley   Ball    Bearing   Hlng' 


14-116   E.    16TH   STREET,   NEW   YORK. 
I.  Squires  &  Wynkoop,  Arctilt. 

Sprinkler  Co..  of  America. 


ARCHITFXTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


I.OFT    HUII-ruN^:    ON    HiTH    KTKKKT,     THE    ELK 


LOFT    BUILDING    ON    16TH    STREET. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


BUIL.DING  AT  6TH    AVENUE   AND   laTH   STREET,    NEW  YORK. 
Gratil  Overhead  Pulleys.  Miyntcke  &  Franke.  / 

Kalameln  Windows:  The  Kalanteln  Co. 
SwI  cell  boards:  Mecropulltan  Electric  MCg-  Co. 
Fainting:    W.   P.   Nelson   Co, 
Stanley's  Metal    Door    ButiB   used. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING.  17 


Questions  That  Every  Architect 
Must  Ultimately  Answer 
For  His  Client 


(t 


It 


How  can  the  wasted  effort  in  my  plant  be  eliminated  V* 

How  can  I  cut  down  the  Time  and  Cost  in  Merchandise,  Freight,  and 
Passenger  handling, — and  in  the  performance  of  work  of  various  kinds  V* 

"  How  can  I  equip  my  Store,  Factory,  Warehouse,  Shipping  Platform, 
Railway  Freight  Station,  Steamship  Dock,  etc.,  so  as  to  effect  the 
Little  Savings  in  each  operation,  and  provide  for  the  utilization  of 
every  ounce  of  my  employees'  energy  and  every  second  of  their  time  ?" 

These  are  the  questions  that  are  being  asked  by  every  progressive  business  man 
today.    They  are  Vital  Problems  that  you  will  be  called  upon  to  answer. 

Of  all  sdentific  methods  and  inventions  for  the  saving  of  time,  the  conserving  of 
human  energy^  and  for  economizing  in  cost  nothing  has  proved  so  wonderful  or  so  effective 
in  the  enormity  of  its  savings  as  has  the 


Otis  Inclined  Elevators 

For  Merchandise  and  Freight  Handling 


AND 


Escalators    (or  Moving  Stairways) 

For  Passenger  Service 

By  the  Use  of  which  60  per  cent,  to  80  per  cent,  of  the  Time  and  Cost 
is  Saved  Over  Old-Time  Methods  of  Freight  and  Passenger  Handling 

If  you  have  not  seen  these  types  of  elevators  in  operation,  or  studied  the  greater  efl&ciency  which 
they  effect,  you  can  hardly  imagine  the  incomputable  advantage  such  apparatus  will  give  to  your  clients  in 
their  new  buildings  and  their  old  where  apparatus  is  required  for  the  handling  of  great  volumes  of 
merchandise  or  freight,  or  of  passengers  en-masse. 

Let  us  get  closer  together  in  the  study  of  this  type  of  elevators  for  your  and  your  clients*  benefit.  We 
will  be  pleased  to  confer  with  you  at  any  time  and  explain  the  apparatus  in  detail,  and  take  you  to  places 
where  such  apparatus  is  already  in  successful  operation.  Without  obligation  our  Engineering  Department 
will  supply  full  information  to  meet  specific  requirements.  Your  inquiries  and  appointments  are  earnestly 
solicited. 

Otis  Elevator  Company 

Eleventh  Avenue  and  Twenty-six tli  Street,  New  York 

Offices  In  All  Principal  Cities  of  the  World 

When  writing  Advertisers,   please  mention   Architecture  and   Buildlnsr. 


18 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


BRAZING  AND   SOLDERING.      By  James 
F.    Hobart.      Fifth    Edition    revised    and 
enlarged.     New  York:     Norman  W.  Hen- 
ley   Publishing    Co.      Price,   25    cents. 
This    pamphlet    which    appears    in    a    fifth 
edition    is   a    short,    practical    treatise    on    the 
subject    of    brazing    and    the    appliances    used 
in   that   process,    including  as   well   an    article 
on    soldering,    and    the    tools    and    materials. 
There    are    special    portions    on    methods    of 
soldering   for    electrical    work,    tin    plate    and 
special    solders.      There    are    numerous    dia- 
grammatic illustrations  and  formulas  for  com- 
pounding solders. 


MY    TOWN,    or    Community    Patriotism,    by 

George   Blackstone  Irvin^^.     The  Ryerson 

Press,     Chicago,     Publishers.       Price,     50 

cents. 

How    often    do    we    hear    the    phrase    from 

the  citizens  thereof:     "This  is  a   rotten   little 

town."    And  mostly  they  speak  the  truth.   The 

town    is    rotten,    politically,    structurally    and 

actually.      Yet   many   little   towns   are   waking 

up,  and  also  many  big  towns,  to  better  things. 

This   book,   with   its   sub-title   of  "Community 

Patriotism,"    is   a   good    deed   and    its    author, 

Mr.    Irving,    has    a    worthy    enterprise.      He 

deserves    to    succeed    in    his    special    line    of 

engineering,  which  is  the  instruction  of  towns 

in   better   ways   to   be   towns. 


THE  HALF-TIMBER  HOUSE:  Its  Origin, 
Design,  Modern  Plan  and  Construction.  By 
Allen  W.  Jackson.  New  York:  McBride, 
Nast  &  Company.  Price,  $2.00.  and  20  cents 
postage. 
This  book,  which  is  written  essentially  in  a 
popular  .style,  aims  to  fill  the  wants  of  the  lay- 
man who  is  interested  in  the  subject,  who  is 
looking  around  for  a  style  which  will  suit  his 
l:isio  in  which  to  build  his  home.  It  is  not  in- 
tended for  the  professional  man  except  as  it 
may  appeal  to  him  as  an  artistic  production. 
The  illustrations  are  very  largely  drawn  from 
English  examples,  the  number  of  American  ex- 
amples being  quite  limited.  Little  sketches  here 
and  there  throughout  the  text  explain  in  a  sim- 
ple way  the  minor  details  of  construction.  Na- 
turally a  style  which  has  its  home  in  England 
needs  some  adaptation  to  meet  American  needs. 
In  two  chapters  of  the  book,  entitled  "Is  the 
half-timl>er  style  suited  to  our  needs  to-day?" 
and  "English  and  American  house  plans,"  the 
author  shows  that  the  practicability  of  the  style 
is  a  mere  matter  of  adaptation  which,  in  the 
hands  of  a  skillful  architect,  is  a  matter  of  easy 
accomplishment. 


CONCRETE  WORKERS'  REFERENCE 
BOOKS.  No.  10,  Mounding  concrete  flower 
pots,  boxes,  jardinieres,  etc.  No.  11,  Moulding 
concrete  fountains  and  lawn  ornaments.  By 
A.  A.  Houghton.  New  York :  The  Norman  W. 
Henley  Publishing  Co.  Paper.  Price,  50  cents 
each. 

These  two  little  books  by  Mr.  Houghton  con- 
tinue the  series  with  which  our  readers  are  un- 
doubtedly more  or  less  familiar.  It  is  the  pur- 
pose of  the  writer  to  give  methods  of  construc- 
tion of  simple  moulds  to  produce  the  various 
objects  defined  by  the  titles.  He  refers  to  patent 
systems  of  mould  construction,  but  in  the  main 
confines  himself  to  styles  of  mould  and  methods 
which  can  be  pursued  by  any  amateur  worker. 
The  books  are  practical  in  their  subject  matter 
and  the  sketches  presented,  though  rough,  give  a 
good  working  idea  of  the  appliances  and  methods 
pursued. 


The  NATCO  HOUSE  published  for  the 
National  Fire  Prooling  Company  by  Rogers 
&  Manson,  Boston.  Paper,  8x^0^^  inches. 
Price,  50  cents. 

Building  a  fireproof  house  is  the  righi  Kind 
of  a  mania  for  a  man  to  have.  The  principal 
trouble  has  been  that  not  enough  men  had 
the  mania,  and  those  that  did  have  it  had 
difficulty  in  satisfying  their  wants.  This  little 
book  about  small  houses  built  of  Natco  hollow 
tile  gives  the  prospective  builder  an  oppor- 
tunity to  make  selection  from  a  splendid  col- 
lection of  designs.  There  are  forty  or  more 
of  these  which  can  be  built  for  a  cost  of  ap- 
proximately $6,000,  some  with  fireproof  floor 
systems  even.  All  have  stuccoed  exteriors. 
Another  collection  of  designs,  the  work  of 
clever  house  designers,  occupies  the  remain- 
ing pages.  These  houses  are  illustrated  by 
photographs  with  the  plans  given  in  sufficient 
size  to  be  clear.  A  description  accompanies 
each  house,  and  with  some  of  them  cost  datt 
is    presented. 


KING'S  SERIES  IN  WOODWORK  AND 
CARPENTRY.  Vol.  1,  Elements  of  Wood- 
work ;  Vol.  2.  Elements  of  Construction ;  Vol. 
3.  Constructive  Carpentry;  Vol.  4,  Inside 
Finishing;  Vol.  5,  Handbook  for  Teachers. 
By  Charles  A.  King.  New  York:  The  Ameri- 
can Book  Co.     Cloth.     Price.  

This  series  of  five  volumes  consists  of  two 
books  of  elementary  nature  suitable  for  pupils 
in  manual  training  schools  where  elementar)' 
woodwork  is  taught;  two  volumes  are  intended 
for  technical,  industrial  or  trade  schools  and 
for  the  use  of  those  students  who  have  passed 
through  the  work  defined  in  the  first  two  vol- 
umes, or  an  equivalent;  tlie  fifth  book  is  in- 
tended for  the  teacher  using  the  previous  four, 

(Continued  on  page  21.) 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


20 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


Art  and  Architecture 

The  Year  Book  of  the  Merchants'  Asso- 
ciation of  New  York  contains  a  frontispiece 
which  is  an  illustration  of  the  Woolworth 
Building.  This  is  shown  in  connection  with 
the  announcement  that  after  February  1,  1913, 
the  association  will  occupy  the  southerly  half 
of  the  ninth  floor  in  this   building. 

Among  the  activities  of  the  association  dur- 
ing the  last  year  which  have  borne  fruit  was 
the  effort  of  the  association's  insurance  com- 
mittee in  drafting  and  securing  the  passage  of 
a  law  for  creating  in  New  York  City  a  Bureau 
of  Fire  Prevention.  The  Hoey  fire  prevention 
law,  which  was  finally  passed,  although  some- 
what modified  from  the  association's  original 
draft,  is  an  effort  to  be  proud  of,  and  the 
future  will  tell  us  more  of  its  benefits. 


Mr.  Charles  William  Eldridge  desires  to 
announce  that  Mr.  Veredon  William  Upham 
has  become  junior  member  of  the  firm.  Hence- 
forth the  firm  will  be  known  as  Eldridge  & 
Upham,  and  will  continue  the  practice  of  arch- 
itecture at  the  present  address,  1227-1229  Gran- 
ite Building,   Rochester,   New  York. 


The  American  Society  of  Engineering  Drafts- 
itien  elected  Miss  Marie  Oberlander  a  junior 
member  at  their  meeting  of  May  16th,  the  first 
woman  to  be  elected  to  membership.  She  is  a 
student  of  architectural  drawing  at  Teachers' 
College,  Columbia  University.  At  this  meeting 
Mr.  F.  F.  Nickel,  M.  E.,  delivered  a  lecture  on 
"Practical  application  of  the  slide  rule"  and  Mr. 
R.  E.  Boehck  delivered  a  paper  on  the  "Devel- 
opment of  Logging  Machinery,"  which  has  been 
printed  for  distribution. 


THE  SAN  FRANCISCO  CHAPTER  A.  I.  A. 

JUNE  MEETING. 
The  San  Francisco  Chapter  met  at  the  Palace 
Hotel  on  Thursday  evening,  June  20,  with  a 
large  attendance  of  members  and  several  guests. 
The  business  of  the  meeting  was  rapidly  passed 
and  the  reports  of  the  committees  were  in  the 
main  brief.  Mr.  Howard,  as  chairman  of  the 
San  Francisco  Sub-Committee  on  Competitions 
of  the  A.  I.  A.,  reported  that  the  City  Hall  Com- 
petition had  been  completed  and  judged,  with 
the  result  that  Messrs.  Bakewell  and  Brown  had 
been  awarded  the  first  prize.  He  also  added  that 
the  competition  had  been  most  gratifying  in  its 
showing  of  talent,  care  and  skill  and  resulted 
in  what  he  believed  to  be  the  selection  of  the 
best  of  many  excellent  designs.  An  important 
matter  that  was  brought  before  the  meeting  was 
a  motion  by  Mr.  Polk  which  was  seconded  and 
carried,  that  the  chapter  recommends  that  Con- 


gress take  no  further  action  toward  repealing 
the  Tarsney  act  and  that  in  the  reconsideration 
of  the  present  action  it  call  in  the  A.  I.  A,  into 
consultation  to  find  out  if  the  Tarsney  act  could 
be  improved  towards  the  betterment  of  archi- 
tecture and  the  efficiency  of  government  work, 
and  also  that  the  chapter  transmit  immediate 
word  to  Glen  Brown  and  California's  representa- 
tives in  Congress. 

Resolutions  on  the  death  of  Mr.  Daniel  H. 
Burnham  were  passed.  The  guest  of  the  evening 
was  Mr.  Walter  Cook,  president  of  the  A.  I.  A., 
who  addressed  the  chapter  at  some  length. 


The  Department  of  the  Interior,  Bureau  of 
Mines,  has  made  a  reprint  of  Bulletin  No.  39, 
the  smoke  problem  ^jt  boiler  plants,  a  prelimi- 
nary report,  by  D.  T.  Randall.  31  pages.  Re- 
print of  United  States  Geological  Survey  Bulle- 
tin 334,  revised  by  S.  B.  Flagg. 

The  Bureau  of  Mines  has  copies  of  this  pub- 
lication for  free  distribution,  but  cannot  give 
more  than  one  copy  of  it  to  one  person.  Re- 
quests for  all  papers  cannot  be  granted  without 
satisfactory  reason.  Applications  should  be  ad- 
dressed to  the  Director  of  the  Bureau  of  Mines. 
Washington,  D.  C,  and  the  publication  ordered 
by  number  and  title. 


THE  STANDARD  BUILDING  CODE. 

We  have  previously  commented  on  the  work 
of  the  National  Board  of  Fire  Underwriters  in 
formulating  building  codes.  Their  standard  code 
together  with  their  offer  of  advice  and  sugges- 
tion has  met  with  favor  apparently  in  several 
localities.  Springfield,  Mass.,  Amsterdam,  N.  Y., 
Birmingham,  Ala.,  and  San  Diego,  Cal,  have  all 
adopted  codes  approximating  the  standard  set 
by  the  National  Board.  Others  are  in  line,  and 
when  the  full  roll  call  of  the  results  is  obtained 
it  will  be  a  large  one.  The  National  Board  will 
send  a  copy  of  their  model  code  to  those  in 
authority  anywhere,  and  if  the  results  meet  with 
wide  success,  as  they  deserve  to,  there  should  be 
a  great  improvement  in  protective  conditions 
and  much  done  to  prevent  fires. 


HOWARD  M.  INGHAM 

MEM.  AM.  SOC.  M.  E. 

Industrial  Engineer 

SPECIALIST   IN   THE 
INSTALLATION  OP 

Simple^  Direct^  Effective  Methods 

of 
Office  Management 

i6o  FIFTH  AVE.,  NEWYORK 


When   writing  Advertisers,   please   mention   Architecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


I.  MORrrz.iw.  Tdtuhoi*  iM  pi™ 

Architectural  Metal  Works 

SKYLIGHTS 

CCMNKES    AND     ROOFING 

CORRUGATED  IRON  WC»K 

H92-nM  SECOND  AVENUE NEW  YORK 

LAKE  COMMERCE  DURING  MAY,  1912. 
IRON  ORE  SHIPMENTS, 
The  volume  of  domestic  commerce  on  the 
Great  Lakes  during  May  of  the  present  year 
shows  a  marked  improvement  when  compared 
with  that  of  May,  1911,  according  to  reports  re- 
ceived by  the  Bureau  of  Statistics  of  the  De- 
partment of  Commerce  and  Labor.  The  freight 
shipments  during  the  month  aggregated  10,891,- 
220  short  tons,  an  increase  of  24  per  cent,  over 
(he  shipments  a  year  ago.  This  increase  was  due 
mainly  to  the  larger  iron  ore  shipments,  the 
shipments  of  other  leading  articles  except  lum- 
ber,  namely,    flour,    grain   and    coal,    having   de- 

The  May,  1912,  iron  ore  shipments  from  Lake 
Superior  and  Lake  Michigan  ports  amounted  to 
5,801,449  long  Ions,  an  increase  of  57  per  cent. 
when  compared  with  the  shipments  in  May.  1911. 
The  phipments  from  Duluth-Superior  amounted 
to  3^7,559  long  tons,  an  increase  of  48  per 
cent.,  and  from  Escanaba,  6S2.48J  long  tons,  an 
increase  of  SS  per  cent,  over  May,  1911. 

CONSTRUCTION  DET.AILS. 
We  have  opportunity  to  welcome  into  the  field 
of  architecture  a  new  publication  which  bears 
the  title  of  this  notice.  The  first  issue  of  its 
second  volume  has  appeared  with  the  issue  of 
July.  The  particular  specially  of  the  paper  is 
deiajl  drawing  and  the  combination  of  good 
photographic  illustrations  with  valuable  scale  de- 
tails of  the  work  shown,  is  something  that  will 
be  highly  appreciated  by  the  architectural  de- 
signer. The  paper  is  published  in  Si.  Paul,  Minn. 
Its  subscription  price  is  $6  per  year  in  the  United 
States,  or  50  cents  per  copy. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 

(Continued  from  p^e  18) 
or  for  students  in  normal  schools  who  expect  to 

Elements  of  woodwork  is  the  first  of  the  se- 
ries. It  begins  with  a  short  chapter  on  the 
growth  of  woods  and  continues  with  a  well 
illustrated  chapter  on  lumbering,  cutting  of  lum- 
ber and  the  care  and  storage  of  it.  Following 
this  is  a  chapter  on  the  use  of  tools  which  is 
fully  illustrated.  Of  primary  importance  to  the 
woodworker  is  the  care  and  preservation  of  his 
tools.  The  purchase  of  tools  and  materials, 
their  care  and  maintenance,  is  an  important  idea 
to  instill  into  the  mind  of  the  young  workman. 
To  do  good  work  good  tools  are  necessary,  and 
to  have  good  tools  the  knowledge  of  their  proper 
use  is  co-ordinate  with  the  knowledge  of  re- 
sharpening  and  maintaining  them  in  good  con- 
dition. There  are  two  short  chapters  on  glue 
and   sandpaper,  and  wood  finishing. 

Elements  of  construction  is  the  second  book. 
It  contains  a  repetition  of  the  care  and  use  of 
tools  presented  in  the  first  volume  and  proceeds 
to  give  in  the  following  chapters  instruction  for 
the  making  of  working  drawings,  which  are 
followed  by  constructive  exercises.  This  chap- 
ter gives  instruction  in  elementary  woodwork- 
ing and  Includes  mitering  and  simple  joinery. 
The  next  chapter  continues  to  more  advanced 
woodworking  and  the  building  of  simple  furni- 
ture. A  series  of  arithmetical  questions  concern- 
ing woodworking  closes  the  volume. 

The  fifth  volume,  or  Teachers'  Handbook, 
contains  hints  for  instruction  in  manual  train- 
ing, carpentry  and  joinery,  data  for  supplies 
and  the  outfit  for  instructioa  A  chapter  on 
suggestive  courses  gives  various  lines  of  study. 
Tlie  latter  half  of  the  volume  contains  a  lot  of 
designs  which  may  be  suggested  for  construc- 
tion by  the  students.  These,  where  opportu- 
nity offers,  vary  the  courses  and  serve  to  main- 
of  the  students. 


Thomas  Bruce  Boyd 

Bank  Equipment  Specialist 


2t6   Fifth   Aven 
New  York 

lephone  Madison  Sqiu 


FREDERICK  S.  HOLMES 

Bank  Vault  Engineer 

2  Rector  Str«et,  New  York 


When  writing  Advertisers,  pleaae  mention   Architecture  and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Fireproofing   and   Fire-Protection 

MR.   G.  H.  STEWART 


ANOTHER    SPRINKLER    TRIUMPH. 
A   representative   of  Architecture   and   i 


In  fact,  few 
fire- 


1  the  building  v 


of  the 


accompanied 
through      the      nev 
sonic    Lodge    at    6tJi    Aveni 
the   other   day,   and   while 
usual  good  fortune  to  witni 
ment  of  a  fire  by  ai 

A  tenant  occupying  a 
as  an  office,  and  with 
woolens    (the    forerunner 


Iding      of      the      Ma- 

enue   and    23d    Street 

le   there   had   the   un- 

the  extinguish- 

sprinkler. 

the  10th  floor 

ases    of   piece 

larger    stock 


which  is  to  follow)  had  engaged  mechani 
to  install  partitions  for  his  otHce.  Oil-soaked 
waste  or  rags  were  stowed  away  by  a  careless 
workman  with  a  box  of  wood  shavings  behind 
some  cases  in  a  corner  of  the  room  and  ap- 
parently ignited  spontaneously.  Practically 
the  first  notice  of  the  fire  came  through  the 
operation  of  a  single  automatic  sprinkler  head, 
almost  directly  over  the  fire,  resulting  in  a 
deluge  of  water  which  promptly  checked  the 
Hames  but  caused  so  large  a  volume  of  smoke 
that  the  building  employees  hastily  summoned 
felt  called  upon  to  use  the  building  standpipe 
hose.  The  entire  incident  was  over  in  a  jiffy 
and    no    call    sent    to    the    public    department. 


The  management  very  foolishly,  in  our 
opinion,  refuses  to  permit  a  photograph  to 
be  taken.  No  discredit  can  attach  to  either 
the  building  or  its  tenant  through  the  occur- 
rence of  this  fire,  since  no  amount  of  super- 
vision, however  rigid,  may  reasonably  be  ex- 
pected to  cover  the  removal  of  every  bit  of 
rubbish  in  an  establishment  as  large  as  this 
one,  especially  where  portions  are  still  in  an 
unfinished  condition.  The  tenant  had  only  a 
very  small  part  of  his  stock  on  the  premises, 
and  being  without  insurance  could  hardly  be 
accused  of  connivance.  On  the  contrary,  the 
ease  with  which  the  fire  was  controlled,  it 
not  actually  extinguished,  is  one  of  the  strong- 
est points  the  rental  agents  might  urge  upon 
ptospective  tenants  as  illustrating  the  almost 
absolute  security  furnished  by  the  automatic 
sprinkler   equipment. 

This    happened    to    be    a   day    fire.      Had    it 

been  at  night,  the  result  would  have  been  in 

no   way    different.     Such    trtRing   damage    as 

there  was  is  due  to  water — the  sides  of  the 

(Continued   on   page  26.) 


Where  Quality  Alone  Counts 


The  best  of  everything  has  made  that  white  marble  pal- 
ace, the  Pan-American  Building  at  Washington,  D.  C,  the 
finest  edifice  in  the  United  States. 

This  new  home  of  the  Pan-American  Union,  donated  by 
Andrew  Carnegie  sevei^  years  ago,  cost  one  and  a  qiaarter 
millions.  The  material,  decorations  and  furnishings  are 
the  best.  The  per  cubic  foot  cost  was  greater  than  that  of 
any  other  structure  of  any  nature  in  America. 

And  when  it  came  to  selecting  a  watchman's  time  de- 
tector that  would  be  in  keeping  with  the  structure  itself, 
the  best  was  sought.  An  investigation,  not  of  prices,  but 
of  efficiency  and  durability,  resulted  in  an  order  for  a. 
Newman  Watchman's  Clock.  The  request  to  the 
Xewman  Clock  Company  was  to  properly  equip  the  build- 
ing— no  competitive  trial  was  asked,  no  bids  sought. 

The  same  old  reason — Quality. 


Newman  Clock  Company, ' 


I   of   Walchman's  Tim 


■k  Co..  Ud.,  Lond 


lac    mention    Architecture 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


iVhen   writing   Advertleera.   please   mention    Architecture    and    Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 

ROCKWOOD 

SAFETY  LOOP 

SPRINKLER 


THE   TWO  HALVES   OF   IHl  F*KT«   OF    THK    I 

STKUT     lOLDEHCD     TO-  •1«UT  IFKIHO  AFA«T Om.r 

OKTHEK.  AFTBff  THE  LUMF  OF  COIO- 

EH  IS  MELimO  AWAY   FROM 


THE  ROCKWfWD  SPRINKLER  IS  UNIQUE  IN  THAT  THE  TWO  PARTS 
OF  THE  SOLDERED  LINK  ARE  HELD  TOGETHER,  NOT  MERELY  BY  A 
SWEATED  SOLDERED  JOINT,  BUT  BY  COVERING  THE  END  OF  llfE 
LEVER  WITH  A  SMALL  PIECE  OF  SOLDER  WHICH  IS  MECHANICALLY 
BOUND  TO  THE  STRUT  BY  A  LOOP  OF  WIRE  RIVETED  THROUGH  ONE 
PART  OF  THE  LINK. 

THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  THE  ONLY  APPROVED  HEAD  THAT 
IS  INCAPABLE  OF  OPENING  ITSELF  BY  THE  BREAKING  OF  THE  SOLDERED 
JOINT,  WHICH  MUST  ABSOLUTELY  MELT  TO  OPEN.  IT  IS  THUS  IN  A 
CLASS   BY  ITSELF,  SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS. 


ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  CO. 

OF  MASSACHUSETTS 

MANUFACTURERS,  ENGINEERS   AND    CONTRACTORS  FOR  COM- 
PLETE SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENTS  USING  WET  OR  DRY  SYSTEMS. 

38  HARLOW  STREET  WORCESTER,  MASS. 


HEW   YORK  laWILUAM  STREET  CHICAOO 

BOSTON  -  -  -  141  MILK  SIREBI  SEATTLE     - 

BUFFALO     -  -  Mt  FRUOENTIAL  BUILOINO  MONTREAL       -  -      Ut  ST.  I 

When  wrltinK  Advtrtliera,  pleaae  mention  Arebltecture  and  Bulldlni 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


SAMUEL  M.  GREEN  COMPANY 
Cnsineerji  anii  3rct)itect£t 

SPRINGFIELD, MASS. 

HOTEL.     OFFICE     BUILDING,     LIBRARY    AND     MILL     ARCHITECTURE. 

POWER     PLANT    DESIGN-STEAM,   HYDRO-ELECTRIC    AND  GAS, 

PLANT  APPRAISALS    AND    INVENTORIES. 

American  Swicty  of   Mechanical   EnRincers                        American  Sociely  Civil    Enpneets 

Canadian   Society  o(  Civil  Enjfineers                                    -Nalional  A»iciation  of    Couon   .Manufactureis 

KALAMEIN 
WORK  IN 
COPPER 
BRONZE 

AND  IRON 

Knoburn 
Company 

KALAMEIN 
DOORS 

FIRE 

UNDERWRITER 

WORK 

A  SPECIALTY 

Office  and  Factory 

366   14th  St. 
HOBOKEN,  N.  J. 

When  writing  Advertlaers,  please  mention  J 


9  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Fire  Protection 


The  SIMMONS 
UNEotFiicBquip- 


binldiBs  b«  pnwrlr  eqidpfifd  with 
iht  "SIMMONS"  S|>«i.k»  ihou- 
■udb  i'  dolhn  ud  but  Bm  whU 
btHnd. 

Anel*  Hoae  VsItcb 

Tint   ji   rciuiiulljr   ihr    ko«<JAe  <^ 


Calahguis,  cuts  and  other  data  gladly  n 


John  Simmons  Co. 

102-110  Centre  St.,  New  Yo 


packing  cases  are  scorched,  but  not  burned. 
The  promptness  of  the  building  employees 
in  bringing  into  play  the  hose  from  one  of 
the  standpipes  is  so  commendable  that  we 
cannot  repress  our  surprise  Ihat  its  value  as 
an  advertisement  for  the  building  should  have 
been  missed.  Altogether  the  case  is  one  of 
the  finest  illustrations  of  the  value  of  the 
automatic  sprinkler,  when  properly  installed, 
that  has  come  to  our  notice,  which  seems 
sufficient  excuse  for  tbis  extended  reference. 


Again 


pleasure  to  see  the  results  of 
~hc  concrete  floors  of  the 
Masonic  Building  held  the  water  and  no  damage 
was  caused  on  the  floors  below  when  the  Grin- 
nell  automatic  sprinkler  operated  and  the  house 
hose  stream  was  brought  into  play. 

A  MILE  OF  BARRETT  SPECIFICATION 
ROOFS. 
An  interesting  perspective  sketch  of  the 
Bush  Terminal  buildings  in  Brooklyn  has  been 
prepared  by  the  Barrett  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, showing  the  extensive  use  of  the  Bar- 
rett Specification  roof  in  that  large  and  busy 
center.  A  letter  which  they  publish  shows 
that  the  Bush  Terminal  Company  is  well  sat- 

The  total  roof  area  of  these  buildings  is  3,- 
100,000  square  feet,  which  is  more  than  70 
acres.  There  are  18t  different  buildings  and 
they  stretch  for  a  mile  along  the  shore  of 
South  Brooklyn.  A  summary  of  the  advan- 
tages  of   the   rooting   is   as    follows: 

1.  Low    first    cost. 

2.  No  maintenance  expense  such  as  painting. 

3.  They  are  not  injured  by  steam,  gases  and 
acid   fumes. 

4.  They  are  fire  retardant  and  take  the  base 

5.  The  net  unit  cost,  that  is,  the  cost  per 
foot  per  year  of  service  is  lower  than  any 
other  type. 

A  NEW  CA^TALOGUE  ON  METAL  LUMBER 
The  Berger  Manufacturing  Company  has  re- 
cently issued  a  very  elal>orate  and  extensive 
treatise  on  the  subject  of  metal  lum1>cr,  a  sub- 
stitute for  wood. 

It  has  isometrical  drawings,  sectional  views 
showing  the  application,  together  with  illustra- 
tions showing  the  erection  of  different  types  of 
buildings  with  metal  lumber  and  lire  tests  of 
the  construction. 

The   miiterial   is   a   sheet   melnl   product   which 
(Continued  on  page  28) 

Consolidated  Chandelier  Co. 

UANCF&CTUBEBS  OP 

Gas  and  Electric  Fixtures 


1S2-136  W.  14th  St. 

:   mention   Archltpcture 


NEW  YORK  crrr 

I  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


The  Aooual  Flr«  Waate  in  th«  U.  S.  exceeds  |230,M*,0M.    It  ia  estimated  that 
75%  of  this  loM  is  preventable  and  can  be  saved  by  the  use  of 

AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  PROTECTION 

Our  business  Is  the  Installation  of  Automatic  Sprinkler  protection;  a  complvte 
fire  fighting  apparatus,  operating  automatically  and  only  where  the  fire  la  located. 

"AUTOMATIC"  SPRINKXER  CO.  OF  AMERICA 

Executive  OfBcea 
123  WILLIAM  STREET  (Underwriter  BIdg.).  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Department  Offices,  la  Large  Cities 


Thomas  Morton, 


169  Elm  Street. 


Copper  Cable 
Steel  " 

Champion  Metal 
hamplon 


New  York. 


I  SASH  CHAINS. 


PUAIIIC  ForSis»HdiH  Heavy  Dion,  Sates,  etc 
bnAINO  ALLriSlffEBIBB  mVXTt. 


Architecture  a 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


FIFTH  AVENUE  AND  TWELFTH  STREET 

MAYNICKE  AND  FRANKE,  Architects 

THE  METAL  COVERED  WINDOWS  AND 
NASH  TYPE  UNDERWRITERS  DOORS  FOR 
THIS  BUILDING  WERE  FURNISHED  AND 
INSTALLED  BY 

THE  KALAMEIN  COMPANY 


When  writing  Advertisers,  please  n 


replaces    wood    stick    for   slick,    but    it   does   not 
replace  structural  steel. 

Wq  understand  ihat  by  writing  direct  to  The 
Berger  Manufacturing  Company,  general  offices. 
Canton,  Ohio,  a  copy  can  be  secured  gratis. 

BUILDING  TECHNICALITIES. 
The  Canton  Manufacturing  Company,  of 
Canton.  Ohio,  has  issued  a  mass  of  technical 
information  concerning  their  products  under 
the  title  above.  Further,  in  a  sub-title,  it  is 
stated  that  they  present  useful  information 
for  specifications  for  fireproof,  adjustable  win- 
dows, fireproof  doors,  ventilators,  skylights, 
architectural  sheet  metal  work  and  metal  ceil- 
ings. The  form  in  which  this  has  been  pre- 
sented is  that  of  the  ordinary,  typewritten 
specification,  but  it  contains  throughout  many 
line  drawings,  showing  details  of  the  con- 
struction of  metal  windows,  metal  doors,  etc- 
The  presentation  is  a  novel  one,  and  its  use- 
fulness particularly  commends  it,  as  it  gives 
in  concise  form  just  the  information  chat  the 
specification  man  needs  in  drafting  the  Sfe^i- 
iication  of  a  building. 

FIRE    UNDERWRITERS'    LEGISLATIVE 
BUREAU. 

The  fire  underwriters  of  the  country,  speak- 
ing through  the  action  of  the  National  Board 
of  Fire  Underwriters  at  its  annual  convention 
held  May  23.  1912,  unanimously  decided  in 
favor  of  the  establishment  of  a  legislativ; 
bureau  for  the  purpose  of  dealing  with  leg- 
islative matters  in  the  various  States  which 
may  have  any  material  bearing  upon  the  busi- 
ness of  fire  underwriting,  and  especially  such 
measures  as  are  inilnical  to  fire  insuranc: 
companies'  interests.  The  plan  for  the  pro- 
posed bnreau  provides  for  an  organization 
which  will  be  operated  under  a  high*grade 
management  which  will  relieve  the  various 
underwriters'  committees  of  the  work  which 
has  heretofore  been  imposed  upon  them  in 
the  looking  after  legislation  in  the  varioui 
States  affecting  fire  insurance. 

The  National  Board,  at  the  meeting  which 
was  held  at  the  Waldorf-Astoria  Hotel,  also 
adopted  measures  to  provide  for  a  continua- 
tion of  all  the  important  lire  prevention  meas- 
ures which  it  has  undertaken  during  several 
years  past,  such  as  the  maintenance  of  the 
Underwriters'  Laboratories,  the  support  of  the 
National  Fire  Prevention  Association  and  the 
work  of  securing  a  standard  building  code  tor 
all  large  cities.  The  means  for  carrying  om 
all  these  measures  were  provided  for  by  the 
levying  of  assessments  upon  the  premium  in- 
come  of   the    members. 

The  conditions  prevailing  in  fire  underwrit- 
ing as  a  whole  during  the  year  1911  were 
shown  to  have  been  far  from  satisfactory  in 
the  point  of  profit.  The  figures  presented  by 
the  president  of  the  board  in  his  annual  ad- 
dress gave  the  total  premiums  of  180  joint 
(Continued  on  page  30.) 
and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


ELEVATOR  SHAFT 
CONSTRUCTION 


By  H.  ROBERT  CULLMER 

Assisted  by  ALBERT  BAUER 


Practical  Suggestions  for  the  Installa- 
tion of  Elevators  in  Buildings 


A  treatise  for  the  architect  and  builder 
covering  the  surveying  and  preparing  of 
detail  drawings  for  elevator  shafts;  ma- 
chine rooms;  elevator  bulkheads;  tables 
and  formulae  for  calculating  the  size  and 
capacity  of  elevators;  freight  elevators; 
sidewalk  elevators;  dumb-waiters;  specifi- 
cation writing  for  elevator  installation ;  ele- 
vator shaft  doors  and  appliances ;  building 
regulations  covering  elevator  installation. 


Elevator  shaft  construction  in  buildings 
Com  s«i,™  of  Elector  Shaft  and  Buikh.ad.         j^^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^  technically  treated. 

This  book  supplies  the  demand  for  information  on  this  subject,  and  it  has  been 
the  effort  of  the  author  to  supply  the  necessary  data  for  the  use  of  the  architect 
in  placing  an  elevator  equipment  in  any  building.  New  York  practice  is  fol- 
lowed, and  the  Building  Department  laws  and  regulations  of  New  York  are 
made  the  standard.  The  author  has  also  made  a  careful  study  of  the  regula- 
tions in  use  elsewhere,  giving-  the  deviations  from  New  York  requirements. 
Specification  writing  for  elevator  equipment  has  been  covered  by  two  forms; 
one  a  simple  specification  for  a  single  elevator,  the  other  a  more  elaborate  equip- 
ment embracing  several  styles  of  cars  suitable  for  an  office  building. 

The  book  contc  ins  most  practical  information  and  it  is  the  hope  of  the  author 
that  he  has  omitted  no  important  point.  Every  phase  of  the  shaft  problem  in 
building  construction  has  been  covered,  and  the  method  of  presentation  is  such 
that  ready  reference  is  possible  to  any  detail  of  the  subject. 

The  book  is  in  companion  size  with  the  Building 
Construction  and  Superintendence  Series,  by 

Mr.  F.  E.  Kidder. 


The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co. 


2i  Warren  Street, 


NEW  YORK 


When  wrltlne  AdverelBera,   please  i 


30 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


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CONTENTS: 

Portland  Cement,  The  Unit  of  Purchase,  Stor- 
ing Cement,  Sand,  Aggregates,  Mortar,  Form- 
ulas, Mixing  Aggregates,  Concrete,  Reinforced 
Concrete,  Form  Building,  Waterproofing,  Col- 
oring, Cost  Data,  Testing  Cement,  Foundations 
and  Walls,  Cement  Houses  and  How  they  are 
Built,  Cement  Plaster  and  Stucco  Houses, 
Water  and  Steam  Curing,  Condition  of  Sea- 
soning Blocks,  Sand  Lime  Brick,  Sidewalks, 
Floors  for  Cellars,  Basements  and  Stables. 

Address 

THE  CONCRETE  AGE 

AHANTA  GEORGIA 


r.  1 


stock  fire  insurance  companies  as  $294,071,982, 
out  of  which  losses  paid  amounted  to  $158,- 
392,630.  The  liabilities  on  account  of  unearned 
premiums  were  increased  by  $16,840,733,  and 
the  expenses  of  operation  absorbed  $116,900,- 
483,  thus  leaving  an  apparent  underwriting 
profit  on  the  year's  business  of  $1,938,136,  or 
an  equivalent  of  .006  per  cent  of  the  total 
premiums.  The  record  of  ten  years*  fire  un- 
derwriting showed  even  less  favorably.  The 
total  premiums  during  the  period  1902  to  1911, 
inclusive,  were  $2,428,497,862,  the  losses  paid 
were  $1,363,247,836,  the  increase  in  liability 
for  unearned  premiums  was  $150,394,185  and 
the  expenses  of  operation  were  $927^56,324. 
This  resulted  in  an  apparent  underwriting  loss 
of  $12,400,483.  equivalent  to  .0051  per  cent  of 
the  total  premiums  during  the  period. 


The  new  Bureau  of  Fire  Prevention,  which 
has  jurisdiction  over  exits,  fire  escapes,  stair- 
ways and  fire  preventive  appliances  in  ap- 
proximately 65,000  buildings  in  Greater  New 
York  City,  has  a  staff  of  about  ninety  men 
who  are  employed  as  inspectors  to  look  after 
these  buildings.  Thus  each  man  has  about 
725  buildings  for  his  personal  inspection.  a\c- 
cording  to  report,  the  number  of  fires  in 
Greater  New  York  City  has  decreased  about 
20  per  cent,  since  October  15,  1911.  This  has 
resulted  in  a  considerable  saving  to  the  in- 
surance companies  and  will  eventually  mean 
a  lowering  of  insurance  rates,  which,  it  is 
needless  to  say,  will  be  greatly  appreciated 
by  the  property  owners  in  the  greater  city. 


The  Master  Builders*  Association  has  been 
making  an  investigation  of  the  Fire  Preven- 
tion Bureau,  which  is  under  the  direction  of 
Fire  Commissioner  Joseph  J.  Johnson,  and  Mr. 
Frank  M.  Patterson,  president  of  the  associa- 
tion, strongly  commends  the  department  an.* 
gives  Mr.  Johnson  credit  for  the  reduction 
in  the  nimiber  of  fires  which  have  occurred 
during  the  period  of  his  incumbency.  It  is 
estimated  in  the  Master  Builders'  Association 
report  that  in  a  few  years'  time  this  Bureau 
should  be  able  to  cut  down  the  number  of 
(Continued  on  page  Z2.) 


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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


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Protects  the  structural  steel  work  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildings;  American 
Woolen  Company's  Building;  Gimbel  Dcpanment  Store;  ^vannah  Bank 
&  Trust  Company's  Building,  Savannah,  G a. ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Con^ 
pany's  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  numerous  other  structures. 
^rite  U!  for  "  Kotahit  "Building  List,"  and  other  paint  liieraturt 

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32 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


fires  at  least  40  per  cent.  Thus  far,  762  build- 
ings have  been  equipped  with  fire  escapes,  in 
327  buildings  alterations  to  stairways  and 
exits  have  been  made  in  compliance  with 
the  new  law,  and  fire  preventive  appliances 
have  been  installed  in  436  buildings.  In  973 
other  buildings  a  general  cleaning  up  has  been 
ordered  and  effected,  rubbish  and  other  in- 
flammable material  being  removed  from  them. 


INCREASE  IN  BUILDING. 

It  is  gratifying  to  note  that  there  has  been  a 
general  increase  in  the  amount  of  building  as 
gauged  by  the  permits,  and  as  reported  in  "Dun's 
Review."  The  gain  for  the  month  of  May  this 
year  over  last  year  is  11.8  per  cent,  in  fifty  of 
the  leading  cities  of  the  United  States,  the  total 
aggregate  being  $59,285,201,  as  against  $53,029,- 
500  last  year.  The  gain  in  New  York  City  for 
the  various  boroughs  shows  an  increase  of  29 
per  cent.,  the  largest  increase  of  all.  For  the 
other  forty-nine  cities  the  gain  amounts  to  only 
3.2  per  cent.  For  the  first  five  months  of  this 
year  the  building  permits  totaled  $268,128,868,  as 
against  $248,975,558  last  year. 

For  the  month  of  June  building  in  Greater 
New  York  shows  a  slight  falling  oflF  over 
the  figures  of  last  year,  a  decrease  of  9  per 
cent.  This  is  due  to  a  pronounced  contrac- 
tion in  Brooklyn,  which  counteracts  the 
effect  of  the  increased  building  in  Manhattan 
and  the  Bronx.  Elsewhere  in  the  East,  taking 
the  aggregate  for  all  cities  included  by  "Dun's 
Review"  in  that  section,  there  is  an  increase  of 
18.7  per  cent.  At  some  centers,  such  as  Buf- 
falo, Hartford,  Rochester,  Springfield  and 
Worcester,  the  gain  is  large.  In  the  South  in 
general  there  is  a  decrease  to  the  extent  of  15.2 
per  cent,  less  than  last  year.  The  West  shows 
considerable  activity,  very  large  gains  being  made 
in  several  of  the  Middle-Western  cities.  On  the 
Pacific  Coast  building  operations  continue  at 
about  the  same  rate  as  last  year. 

The  total  aggregate  of  $70,064,153  is  an  in- 
crease of  10.2.  per  cent,  over  the  figures  of  $63.- 
585,717  of  last  year.  The  total  for  the  first  six 
months  of  1912  is  well  above  that  of  1911,  the 
figures  being  $355,709,067  for  1912  and  $324,162,- 
024  for  1911. 

According  to  present  indications  in  the  build- 
ing field,  the  outlook  is  favorable  for  a  continued 
increase  throughout  the  summer  and  fall. 

If  we  refer  to  "Bradstreet's,"  we  find  reports 
from  121  cities  of  the  United  States  for  June 
showing  a  total  expenditure  of  $84,023,271,  as 
against  $83,668,036  in  May,  1912.  and  $78,308,951 


in  June,  1911.  This  shows  a  7.2  per  cent,  in- 
crease over  the  month  of  June  last  year.  "Brad- 
street's"  calculations  for  the  six  months'  period 
gives  a  total  expenditure  of  $451,297,895,  or  a 
gain  of  9.1  per  cent,  over  the  same  period  last 
year. 

These  two  reports  bear  each  other  out  in  an 
interesting  way  and.  compiled  from  independent 
sources,  give  an  accurate  gauge  on  the  building 
industry  of  the  country. 


AUTOMATIC    SPRINKLERS   AND   FIRE- 
PROOF BUILDINGS. 

In  a  recent  address  before  the  New  York  In- 
surance Society  the  following  statement  was 
made:  "There  is  one  requirement  not  along 
structural  lines  which  is  absolutely  essential  for 
the  safety  of  the  contents  of  a  fireproof  building 
and  should,  in  fact,  be  considered  part  of  any 
fireproof  mercantile  or  manufacturing  house, 
namely,  the  automatic  sprinkler  equipment.  No 
building  is  fireproof  unless  it  is  so  arranged  and 
equipped  as  to  make  itself  and  contents  safe. 
This  cannot  be  done  in  cases  of  mercantile  or 
manufacturing  buildings  of  the  areas  and  heights 
now  required,  in  any  other  way  as  surely  and 
successfully  as  by  automatic  sprinkler  protection. 

"Let  us  give  full  credit  to  the  buildings  of  so- 
called  fireproof  construction  which  we  now  have. 
Such  buildings  as  they,  contribute  very  greatly 
to  the  safety  of  our  cities  from  conflagration. 
With  all  their  faults  they  are  much  less  likely 
to  start  and  spread  a  serious  fire  than  any  sort 
of  wooden  construction,  but  in  order  to  properly 
show  what  fireproof  construction  ought  to  be  it 
is  necessary  to  point  out  their  present  weak- 
nesses. It  is  perfectly  plain  that  no  matter  how 
incombustible  the  walls,  floors,  roof  and  similar 
details  of  a  building  may  be,  if  it  is  all  one 
room  or  is  not  protected  with  automatic  sprin- 
klers, the  contents  may  be  burned  out  just  about 
as  easily  as  though  they  were  in  a  wooden  build- 
ing. The  building  value  represents  usually  less 
than  half  and  sometimes  not  more  than  one-tenth 
of  the  total  value  of  the  plant,  and  the  chief 
consideration  should  be  given  to  the  safety  of 
the  contents." 


Lockwood,  Greene  &  Co.,  architects  and  en- 
gineers for  industrial  plans,  93  Federal  street 
Boston,  will  occupy  the  seventh,  eighth  and  ninth 
floors  of  the  First  National  Bank  Building,  60 
Federal  street,  Boston,  as  soon  as  the  building 
is  completed.  The  new  quarters  have  been  made 
necessary  by  their  increased  volume  of  business 
and  the  need  of  more  commodious  arrangement 
of  departments. 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


and  woric  the  standard  for  14  jeart.    Our  rapulation  the  best  poothre 

eridence  as  to  our  superiority. 


CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO., 


32S327  East  94di  St,  NEW  YORK 


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ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


General  Specifications  for 
Concrete  Work 

As  Applied  to  Bnlldlntf  ConslmcUon 

By  WILBUE  J.  WATSON,  C.  E. 

A  book  of  gre&t  aBBietance  to  Architectfl 
and  EngiDeers  in  preparinR  epecifloationa 
for  reinlorced  concrete  buildinea,  and  it 
will  be  found  especially  useful  in  the 
preparation  of  competitive  designs. 
Paper,  price,  $O.S0 


General  Specifications  for 
Concrete  Brldifes 

By  WILBUE  J.  WATSON,  C.  E. 


These  specifications  will  meet  an  actnal 
need  of  uie  profession,  and  most  of  the 
ideas  represented  were  gained  by  actual 
experience  of  the  author,  to  whicn  be  has 
addedsuggeBtionsof  other  engineers.  Those 
preparing  each  specifications  will  find  tbe 
book  most  helpful. 

Paper,  price,  SI.OO 


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34 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


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Industrial  Progress 

WHAT  THE  PASSAGE  OF  THE  BOURNE 
BILL  WOULD  MEAN  TO  THE  MAN- 
UFACTURER OF  BUILDING 
MATERIALS, 

The  Bourne  bill  claims  "to  establish  a 
parcel  post  system  and  to  fix  rates  of  postage 
on  certain  classes  of  mail."  To  welcome  this 
bill  as  the  much-sought-for  parcels  post  sys- 
tem is  a  delusion,  for  it  will  mean  for  the 
most  part  an  increase  in  the  present  rates 
and  an  added  cost  of  postage  to  the  average 
manufacturer  of  building  materials,  and  all 
manufacturers  of  appliances  used  in  the  build- 
ing trades,   who   issue  circulars  and   catalogues. 

The  average  catalogue  issued  by  building 
material  men  is  a  valuable  and  useful  article, 
containing  technical  information  and  of  more 
or  less  educational  value  to  the  reader. 

Most  catalogues  come  under  the  weight  of 
four  ounces,  and  the  cent-an-ounce  rate,  pro- 
posed in  the  Bourne  bill,  doubles  the  present 
rate  and  makes  an  average  75  per  cent,  in- 
crease in  charge. 

Further,  the  cost  for  shipping  small  samples, 
cuts  for  illustrative  and  advertising  purposes 
would  be  considerably  increased. 

Further,  because  of  the  proposed  zone  sys- 
tem which  forms  part  of  the  bill,  all  firms 
doing  business  in  localities  along  the  sea 
coasts  are  discriminated  against  in  favor  of 
those  manufacturers  who  are  located  in  the 
central  portions  of  the  United  States.  There 
is  no  question  but  that  the  passage  of  the 
Bourne  bill  would  mean  an  increase  in  post- 
age of  several  thousand  dollars  a  year  to  even 
the  small  manufacturer  who  distributes  cata- 
logues, technical  matter  and  samples. 

Further,  if  it  is  the  purpose  of  the  bill  to 
benefit  the  farmer,  as  it  has  been  claimed  fn 
some  sources,  this  benefit  is  not  at  all  evi- 
dent. The  direct  sale  from  farmer  to  consumer 
is  in  no  way  nearer  fulfilment  than  ever.  It 
would  be  a  very  small  sack  of  potatoes  th  t 
would  come  under  the  eleven-pound  limit 

Every  manufacturer  who  issues  a  catalogue 
should  inform  himself  as  to  the  conditions  of 
this  bill  and  make  it  his  business  to  write 
in  protest  to  the  United  States  senators  from 
his  state  and  to  those  United  States  senators 
who  form  the  committee  on  post  offices  and 
post  roads. 

(Continued  on  page  ^) 


^  SOLID 
'      PORCELAN 
^  ^  REFRIGERATOR 


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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING- 
ArcUt.cU  and  Baildm  .houIdtnT»tIcle  EVANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BOLTS 

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ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


HIGGINS' 


TAURINE  MUOIUai 

moTO  Momrm  pmte 
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SOLID  PORCELAIN  REFRIGERATORS, 
Only  by  building  every  food  eotnpartment  of 
one  piece  of  solid  porcelain  ware  ^n  inch  or 
more  ihick,  without  joints  or  cracks,  and  with 
rounded  edges  and  corners,  the  perfection  of 
cleanliness  is  reached  in  refrigerator  construc- 
tion. Thus  are  Tettenborn  refrigerators  built 
It  makes  your  refrigerator  just  one  great  big 
china  dish,  though  one  that  is  practically  un- 
brealcable.  The  insulation  which  surrounds  the 
lining  or  porcelain  compartment  consists  of  one 
and  one-half  inches  of  granulated  cork  rammed 
tightly  between  the  porcelain  and  a  viall  of  Ji- 
inch  tongued  and  grooved  lumber.  Outside  of 
this  there  are  two  courses  of  insulating  paper 
and  %  inch  of  solid  mineral  wool.  Another 
lining  of  insulated  paper  separates  the  miner^ 
wool  from  the  outside  case  of  oak  which  is 
handsomely  finished.  The  doors  are  built  up  in 
the    same    way    wilh    an    inner    lining    of    solid 


Another  important  refrigerator  point  is  the 
ice  chamber.  This  is  solid  within,  with  J^-inch 
longued  and  grooved  lumber  covered  with  in- 
sulating paper  and  lined  with  galvanized  steel. 
Within  many  styles  of  chamber  there  is  a  spe- 
cial rack  provided  which  holds  the  ice  high  in 
the  chest  and  allows  a  space  below  for  placing 
bottles  so  that  ihey  get  the  cold  drip  from  the 
ice  and  are  chilled  to  the  lowest  possible  ex- 
tent. The  drip  from  the  ice  falls  through  upon 
the  solid  porcelain  cover  of  the  food  compart- 
ment, thus  chilling  this  to  the  utmost.  The 
drain  and  drip  pipes  are  of  solid  nickeled  brass, 
easily  removable,  and  there  are  no  loose  parts  to 
get  out  of  order  or  become  lost. 

The  circulation  in  Tettenborn  refrigerators  is 
most  perfectly  provided  for,  the  air  having  free 
passage  from  the  ice  down  through  the  food 
chambers  and  up  again  to  the  top,  where  the  ice 
is   located  and  the  air  becomes  again   chilled. 

Full  particulars  may  be  obtained  from  the 
Tettenborn  Company  of  Cincinnati,  O.,  and  a 
handsome  catalogue  will  be  sent  describing  the 
construction  and  all  the  styles  of  refrigerators 
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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


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The  Literature  of 
Structures 

IWtarj  ol  StniclHres 

By  C.  M.  Spoffofd.    Aug..  IBIl. 
432  pp.,  «.(»  (I7s).    Coven  fun- 
daraenlal  principles  in  a  thorough. 

Framed  SIractiireB  ud  Girders 

By  Edgar  Msrburg.      Vol,    I.— 
Str«MS,-Pflrl  L.Oct.,  leil.    540 
pp.,   »4.nO    (I7d,      Distinctive  tor 
Its  interpretation  and  application, 
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Klnetlc  Tbeory  of 
EojineeriiiJ  Slmclnres 

By  David  A.   -Mnlitor,    38fl  pp  , 
"higher  structures.' 

WiUi,  Bins  uid  Grain  EleTaton 

By  Milo  S,    Kelehum,     11    ed., 
Nov.,  1911.    556  pp.,  (4.0D  <I7s). 
A  new  book.    It  is  again  the  sWnd- 
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Steel  HiU  BnildiUB 

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THE     hollow-tile:     fireproof      house: — IX 309 

By   Frederick   Squires  . 

se:ne:ca  building,  buffalo,  bt.  y 3i6 

McKenzie,  Voorhees  and  Gmelln,  Architects. 

FAILURES  IN  BUILDING  CONSTRUCTION  AND  THEIR  LESSONS — II.    317 

By  Edward  Godfrey. 

MARSHALL   NATIONAL   BANK,   MARSHALL.   TEXAS    321 

Theodore  C.  Visscher,  Architect. 

THE  86TH  STREET  THEATRE,  NEAR  THIRD  AVENUE,  NEW  YORK 

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Thomas  W.  Lamb,  Architect. 

STUDENTS»  DETAILS   OF    CONSTRUCTION 323 

SCHNEIDER-ANDERSON   BUILDING,  NEW^  YORK  CITY    320 

Hazzard,   Ersklne  and  Bla^den,   Architects. 

STAND  PIPE  AND  HOSE  SYSTEMS  IN  BUILDINGS,  II 327 

ADAMS  EXPRESS  COMPANY  BUILDING,  NEW^  YORK  CITY 330 

Warren  and  Wetmore, 
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Importers  and  Workers  of 

jWartlc,  ^tone  ani>  #ranite 

Roman  and  Venetian  Mosaics  for  Floors,  Walls,  Mantels,  etc. 
'>ffice:   Times  Building,  New  York  Works:  Edgewater,  N.  J. 

When    wrltltiK  AflverllsiTS.    pitasr    mpnilnn    ArchltfOtur?  nnd    Bulldlnc- 


Alphabetical  List  of  Advertisers 


Page 

American    Enameled    Brick     & 
Tile    Co..    The 25 

American     Hardware     Corpora- 
tion,    The     1 

Architectural    Metal    Works 21 

Automatic      Sprinkler     Co.      of 
America 27 

Badger  &   Sons  Co.,   E.   B 33 

Bagues   Freres  Co 2 

Barnes  Co.,   W.   F.   &  John 36 

Barrett  Mfg.   Co.,   The 11) 

Batteraon    &    Eisele 6 

Berger    Mfg.    Co.,    The 31 

Bommer    Bros 16 

Boyd    Equipment    Company....  35 

Boyd.    John 35 

Boyd,    Thomas    Bruce 21 

Brunswick     Refrigerating     Co., 
The     3l> 

Carter,   Black  &  Ayers 37 

Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co   — 

Collins.    Francis    W 21 

Concrete    Age,    The 30 

Consolidated   Chandelier   Co 26 

Corbin,   P.    &   F 1 

Cork  &  Zicha  Marble  Co 32 

Dahlstrom   Metallic   Door   Com- 
pany       — 

Dewsnap.    William  D 35 

Dixon    Crucible    Co.,    Jos 31 

Edwards  Electrical  Construction 
Co 32 

Elias  &  Bro.,   George 11 

Evans,    F.    H ,35 

Federal   Terra   Cotta   Co 40 

Felton,    Sibley  ft    Co II    Cover 

Fire   Exposition    13 

Folsom    Snow   Guard    Co 34 


Page 

Fuller     Construction     Company, 
George    A 2 

General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.  23 
Globe    Ventilator    Co....  II     Cover 

Gorton  ft  Lidgerwood   Co 30 

Grant  Pulley  &   Hardware   Co.  :38 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 34 

Grimmer  ft   Son,   Charles 11 

Helnigke    &    Bowen 2 

Herrmann   &   Grace   Co 30 

Higgins    &   Co.,    Chas.    M 36 

Holmes,    Frederick    S 21 

Hydra   Damp-Probfing   &    Engi- 
neering  Co 26 

Ingham,    Howard    M 20 

International  Floor  Machine  Co.  33 

Jones.    Thomas    W 34 

Kalameln    Co.,    The 28 

Kinney   Co.,   C.   M 14 

Knoburn    Co.,    The 25 

Lane    Bros.     Co 31 

Leonard    Sheet    Metal    Works. .  25 

Loomls    Manning    Filter    Distri- 
buting  Co IV  Cover 

Manual    Arts    Press.    The 33 

McKay,    Inc.,    Peter ..31 

Metropolitan   Electric    Mfg.    Co. 
Ill   Cover 

Monument    Plaster    Co 37 

Morton,    Thomas    27 

Nelson    Co.,    W.    P — 

Newman  Clock  Co    — 


Page 

Northwestern    Terra-Cotta    Co., 
The     38 

Otis    Elevator    Company 17 

Polachek    Bronze    ft    Iron    Co., 
John     — 

Pomeroy   Co.,   lac,    S.    H 27 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  34 

Rockwood    Sprinkler    Co 24 

Safety    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.. 
The     22 

See  Electric   Elevator  Co.,  The 
A.    B 36 

Silver    Lake    Co II    Cover 

Simmons  Co.,  John 26 

Speidel,  J.   G 36 

Standard   Plunger  Elevator  Co. 

IV  Cover 

Stanley    Works,    The 31 

Star  Expansion   Bolt   Co 16 

Steen    Co.,   Thomas    J 15 

Stickley.    Gustav    40 

Tettenborn    Refrigerators 34 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com- 
pany       14 

United  States  Mineral  Wool  Co.  27 
United     States     Press     Clipping 
Bureau     31 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co.,  The  35 
Voigtmann  ft  Co 27 


Washburne   ft   Co..   E.    Q 36 

Wilson   Mfg.    Co.,   James   G 16 

Winslow  Bros.  Company,  The..  14 


Classified   Ad 


NOTE.— Eyery  elassifled  adyertlaer  la  entitled  to  inBertlon  under  one  heading.    Under  extra  headings,  fIS.OO  a  year  eaeh 


▲RCHITBCTURAL   BRONZE. 

Bagues  Freres  Co.... 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 
Polachek    Bronse    ft    Iron    Co..    John, 

480-4&1  Hancock  St.  and  577-591  Boulevard, 

Long   Island   City. 

AWNINGS,  BLINDS,  ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  Jas.  Q. 

5  W.   29th  St.  New  York  City 

BOILBR& 

Badger  ft  Sons  Co.,  B.  B.,  Boston,  Mass. 
Gorton   ft   Lidgerwood  Co., 

96  Liberty   St.   New  York 

BOLTS— Expansion,      Machine     Bxpaasion,      Sehoo 
Mooring,  Sebco  Twla,  Toggle. 
Brana,  F.  H... 81-85  Hewes  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
SUr  BxpanBlon  Bolt  Co.,  147-149  Cedar  St.  N.  Y. 

BRICK— Enameled    Front.     Hollow. 
American  Bnamel  Brick  ft  Tile  Co., 

1184  Broadway,  N.  Y. 
Carter,  Black  ft  Ayers 1182  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

BBIDOBS. 

Van  D«ni  Iron  Works  Go^ Olareland.  O. 

BRONZE. 

Bagues.   Freres  Co.,  705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York. 
Polachek  Bronse  and  Iron  Co.,  John, 

480-494  Hancock  St.  and  577-591  Boulevard, 

Long   Island   City. 
Winslow  Bros.  Co.,  The,  New  York  and  Chicago. 

BUILDINO  CONTRACTORS. 

Fuller  Co.,  Geo.  A.,  Chicago.  New  York,  Boston, 

Washington. 
Starrett  Company.  Theodore.  103  Park  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
Stcen  Co.,  Thomas  J.,  80  Church  St.,  New  York. 

BUILDINO  DIRBOTORT. 

U.  &  Ohaagaabto  Sign  Co.  .8-7  W.  a9th  St.,  N.  Y. 

BUTTS.  BALL-BEARING. 

SCanley  Works,  The New  Britain.  Conn. 

CLOCKS— SynchroniMd,   Watchman's. 

Newman  Olock  Co.,  The...  178  Faltim  St.  N.  Y. 
Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Oc, 

Dept  11.  92  Chambers  St,  N.  Y. 

CONCRETE  SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

OORDAOB. 

surer  Lake  Co Boston,  Mass. 

DESIGN  BOOKS. 

Dewsnap,   William   D.,   150  Nassau   St,  N.   Y. 

DAMP-PROOFING. 

Hydra  Damp-prooflng  ft  Engineering   Co.,   The, 
408  Wabash   Ruildlng.  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

DOOR  HANGBRB. 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsie,  N.   Y. 

DRAWBR  SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co.. 

86  Warren   St,   N.   Y. 


DRAWING  INKS— (Hlggins). 
Hlfglns  ft  Co.,  Chas.  M., 

271  9th  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

DUMB  WAITERS. 

Otis  Elevator  Co 17  Battery  Plaoe,  N.  Y. 

Speldel,  J.  Q Reading.  Pa. 

BLBCTRICAL    CONTRACTORS. 

Boyd  Equipment  Co 378  4th  Ave.,   N.    Y. 

Bdwards   Blectrical    Construction    Co.. 

39  B.  42d  St,  New  York 

BLBVATORS. 

A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co.,  The, 

220  Broadway,   New  York 

OUs  Elevator  Co 17  Battery  Plaoe,  N.  Y. 

Speidel,    J.    G Reading,    Pa. 

Standard    Plunger   Blevator   Co., 

115  Broadway,   New  York 

ENGINEERS.  ELECTRICAL,  CONSULTING,  BANK 
VAULT,  ETC. 

Boyd,  Thomas  Bruce,  286  Fifth  Ave.  New  York. 
Collins,  Francis  W...50  Church  St,  New  York 
Holmes,  Frederick  S,  2  Rector  St,  New  York, 
Ingham,  Howard  M 160  5th  Ave.,  New  York 

BZPANSION  BOLTS. 

Evans.  F.  H. .  .81-85  Hewes  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Star  BzRansion  Bolt  Co 147  Cedar  St,  N.  Y. 

EXTERIOR  PLASTER. 

Monumental  Plaster  Company.... Harrison,  N.  J. 

FENCING  AND  RAILINGS. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Worits  Go dcveiaBd,  O. 

FILTERS. 

Loomls-Mannlng  Filter  Distributing  Co., 

828  Land  TlUe  Bldg.,  piJladfllphU.  Pa. 

FIRE    BUCKET   TANKS. 

Safety    Fire    ExUnguisher    Co.,    The, 

291-298  Seventh  Ave.,  New  York 

FIRB    DOOR    BQUIPMBNT. 

Lane  Bros.  Co Pooghkeopsto,  N.  Y. 

FIRE    BQUIPMBNT,    GENERAL. 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St.  N.  Y. 

FIRE    EXTINGUISHING    APPARATUS. 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.,  Providence,  R.  I. 

FIRE   PLACES,   CRAFTSMAN,    ETC. 

SUckley,  Gustav 41  W.  34th  St.  New  York 

FIREPROOF  DOORS  AND  SHUTTERS. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.. Jamestown.  N.  Y. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

8  West  2»Hh  St..  N^w  Tnrk 
Kalamein   Co.,   The,   Long  Island   City.   N.  Y. 
Knobum  Company,  365  14th  St,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 
Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,   8.  H.. 

427  W.   ISth  St,  New  York  City 


i7(c=^'T?tf^l\ 


'^^  FLAT  FII^I  ^H  •^ 

Birsnngiini 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 

The 


SWISS  CHALET  BOOK 


JN  the  series  of  articles  which  have  appeared  in  ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING, 
Mr.  W.  S.  B.  Dana  has  given  an  epitome  of  his  researches  on  Chalet  Architecture.  In 
this  book,  which  will  be  issued  shortly,  the  subject  is  much  elaborated,  and  both  the 
volume  of  text  and  number  of  illustrations  arc  doubled.  There  arc  ten  valuable  chapters 
in  this  new  book,  one  of  which  treats  of  the  chalet  as  adapted  to  American  iises.  This 
chapter  is  well  illustrated. 

Cloth,  734  X  10.     Price,  $2.50 
The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co.,  23  Warren  St.,  New  York 

When  writing  AdvertlserB,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Bulldlns. 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


iriRSPROOF  WINDOWS. 

Dahlstrom  Metallio  Door  Ce..JaniMtowii.  N.  T. 
Kalameln  Company,  The,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

359-363  14th  St.,  Hoboken.  N.  J. 
P*mcro7  Co.  (Inc.).  S.  H.  .i27  W.  18th  Su,  N.  T. 
Voigtmann  A  Co.,  427  W.  13th  St.   New  York. 

FIXTURES,   GAS  AND  BLBCTRIC. 

ConMlldated    Chandelier    Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St.,  N.  Y. 

FLOOR  AND   WOODWORK   POLISH. 

Felton,  Sibley  ft  Co...  186  N.  4th  St,  Phila..  Pa. 

FLOORING    MACHINERY. 

International   Floor   Machine   Co.,   39   West  3Sth 
St,   New   York. 

QA8  AND  ELECTRIC   FIXTURES. 

Conaolfdated   Chandelier   Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St.  N.  Y. 
Simes   Co.,   The.   18  Rose  St,  New  York. 

ORAPUITB  PAINT. 

Dlzon  Crndble  Co.,  Joe Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

HANGERS— House,  Bam  Door. 

Lane  Bros.  Go Poughkeepsle,  N.  T. 

HARDWARE. 

American    Hardware    Corporation.    The, 

New    Britain,    Conn. 
Chleago  Spring  Butt  Co..  Chicago,  ill..  N«w  York 

Corbln,  P.  ft  P New  Britain,   Conn. 

•umley  Works.  The.   Dept   B. 

N«w  Britain,  Gonn..  and  79  Chambers  St.  N.  Y. 

HEATING  APPLIANCES.     (Also  see  Boilers.) 

Boyd  Equipment  Co... 373  Fourth  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
Gorton  ft  Udgerwood  Co.  .96  Liberty  St,  N.   y. 

HINGES— Spring.  Ballbearing,  Etc. 

Bommer  Bros... 257  Classon  At..  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Chloago  Spring  Butt  Co.. 

Ohleago.  111.:  New  York. 
Stanley  Works,   The New   Britain,   Conn. 

HOLLOW  TILE. 

Carter,   Black  ft   Ayer8..1182  Broadway,    N.    Y. 

HOT-WATER  BOILERS^Copper. 
Badger  ft  Sons  Co..  E.  B.. 

63-75  Pitt  St.  Boston.   Mass. 

ICE   MACHINES. 

Brunswick    Refrigerating   Co.. 

New  Brunswick.  N.  J. 

INTERIOR   TRIM. 

Ellas  &  Bro..  George   Buffalo.    X.    Y. 


l!=i  U  tJ>  ll,tyilU''^^ 


IRON   WORK— Ornamental    and    Structural. 

B^gues   Freres   Co... 705  Fifth   Ave.,   New   York 
PolBchek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co.,  John 

480-494  Hancock  St   and  577-591  Boulevard, 

Long    Island    City. 

JAIL  AND  PRISON  WORK. 

Van   Dom  Iron  Works  Co CleToland,   O. 

JOIST  HANGBR8-(8teel). 

Lane  Bros.  Go Poughkeepslek  N.  Y. 

Van   Dom  Iron  Works  Co Clereland.  O. 

LIGHTING  FIXTURES— Gas  and  Bleetrlc. 

Bagues   Freres   Co....  705  Fifth   Ave.,  New  York 
Consolidated  Chandelier  Co., 

182-136  W.  14th  St.  N.  Y. 

uiGHTNINO  RODS. 

Jones,  T.  W 22  Burling  Slip.  N.  T. 

Washbnme  ft  Co.,  B.  G..209  Fulton  St.  N.   T. 

LOCKS,    ETC. 

American    Hardware    Corporation, 

New  Britain,  Conn. 
Corbin,   P.   ft   F New   Britain,   Conn. 

MANTELS,    FIREPLACES,   ETC. 

Jackson    Co.,    Wm.    H. .  .2   W.   47th    St.    N.   Y. 

MARBLE  WORKERS. 

Batterson  ft  Elsele.  Times  Building,  New  York. 
Cork   ft  Zlcha  Marble   Co., 

325-327  E.   94th  St.   New  York 

METAL  CEILINGS. 

Berger    Mfg.  Go.,   The Canton,   O. 

METAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Dahlstrom  Metallio  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,  N.   Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

309-368  14th  St.  Hoboken.  N.  J. 

METAL   LATHING. 

Greenfield,  Inc.,  Arthur.... 204  E.  26th  St.  N.  Y. 

MBTAL  LUMBER. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

MBTALUC   OFFICB   FURNITURE. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton*  O. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  O. 

MBTAL    SASH    AND    FRAMES. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co... Jamestown,  N.   T. 
Herrmann  A  Grace. 

(»71-687  Bergen  St,  Brooklyn.   N.  Y. 
Kalameln  Company,  The,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 

Knoburn  Company 240  11th  Ave..   N.    T 

Leonard   Sheet  Metal   Works Hoboken,    N.   J. 

Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.).  S.  H...427  W.  18th  St.  N. /. 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy  Co.,  (Inc.),  T.  H.  427  W.  18th  St,  N.  Y. 
Volgtmann  ft  Co.,  427  W.  18th  St,  New  York. 

MINERAL  WOOL. 

U.  S.  Mineral  Wool  Co 140  Cedar  St.  N.  Y 

PAINTING  CONTRACrrORS. 

Grimmer  ft  Son,  Charles.  .280  E.  .T7th  St.  N    Y 

McKay,  Inc.,  Peter,  167  B.  60th  St.,  New  York. 

PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRESERVING  IRON 

AND  STEEL. 
Dlzon  Crucible  Co.,  Jos Jersey  City,  N.  J. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


For  thirty  years  the  linn  of  Charles  Grimmer  ^  Son  has  been  ttnown  to  yoa 
aa  Painters.  Recently  we  have  acqaired  the  business  of  the  W.  Ludwig 
Schultze  Co.,  the  well  luiown  Decorators.  In  oar  three  new  bnildlngs  we  now 
have  facilitiea  lor  doing  the  same  high  class  Cabinet  Wood-Work  and  Up- 
holstery as  we  have  for  Painting. 

A  line  of  inquiry  brings  a  representative,  or  we  should  be  glad  to  welcome 
yoa  at  onr  extensive  factories  and  our  beaatiful.  new  showrooms,  where  we 
carry  the  largest  and  most  select  stock  in  New  York,  of  Wall  Papers,  Mantels. 
Andirons,  Electric  Fixtores,  Fabrics,  Furniture,  Mirrors,  Antiques,  Clocks, 
Candlesticks,  Lamps  and  Pillows. 

(SiifaxUa  <6tiaaxtr  Sc  Boa 

TtlwbMM,  nS7-7Sn  HmM-b  Sa»rt.  230-234  UU  37th  Streel.  NEW  TOtK 


NOIf  READY— A  HOME  STVDY  BOOK 

Reinforced  Concrete    Construction 

VOLUME  1- FUNDAMENTALS 

By  GEORGE  A.  HOOL.  S.  B..  Assoc,  Prof.,  StnicturHl  EniisHring,  University  of  Wiiconiin 

260  pp.,  6x9,  88  UlustraHons.    S2.5*  (l«/6)  net,  postpaid 

This  book  is  part  of  the  series  of  texts  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin  Extension  Department. 
A  full,  clear  treatment — avoidance  of  difficult  mathematics— problems  for  study — are  some  of  its 
distinctive  features.  Published  in  loose-leaf,  as  well  as  book  form,  it  should  be  of  distinct  value  to 
any  ambitious  worker.  This  volume  covers  Properties  of  the  Material  and  the  Theory  and 
Design  of  Slabs,  Beams  and  Columns. 

FOR  SALE  BY    THE   WM.   T.   COMSTOGK  CO.,  as  w«rr«D  St..  n«w  York 


G  EUAs  G,     EUAS     &     BROTHER  a  j  euas 

KILNDRIED  HARDWOOD  FLOORING  AND  SMALL  DIMENSION   STUFF    A    SPECIALTY 
TIMBER  BILLS  SAWN  TO  ORDER  PROMPTLY.  FINE  INTERIOR  WOODWORK 

SAW  MILLS  DRY  KILNS  PLANLNG  MILL  BOX  FACTORY 

A  Full  Aasorlmcnt  of  Seasoned  Lumber.  White  Pine.  Noriray  Pine,  Yellow  Pine,  Hemlock,  Ptiin  O.k.  Qmrlerpd  Onk,  Maple, 
White  Ash.  Basa  Wood,  Pnnlar,  Cvnres!.  Birch.  Quartered  Sycamore.  Hickory,  Black  Ash.  Elm.  flierh.  Collonwoo.!.  Chetr)-. 
Walnut.  Mahogany,  Chestnut,  Haiel,  Cedar,  Constantly  on  Hand.    Headquarters  for  Hardwood.  Pine  and  Hemlock  Lumber, 

General    Office,    9&S    EIK  Str«et,  BUFFALO,    N.    Y. 

We  use  A.  B.  C.  Allantig  C^ble  uid  Telecode  Cable  Address,  "  Elias,  Buffalo."    Telephone,  Howard  04S 
When    wrlllng    Adverllaprs.    please    mention    Ar^-hltecture   and    BulldlriK. 


Classified  Advertisements — Continued 


PAINTS,  OILS,  YARNISHBS,  WOOD  FUjUNQ,  •(•. 

DIxoB  CmolbU  Go.,  Jos^....J«rtcir  Oltj,  N.  J. 
F«ltOB,  SlbliT  ft  Oo., 

IW  N.  4tli  St.,  PhlladdphlA,  Pa. 

PLASTER  WORK— Plain,   Ornamental   Models. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

PLUMBBRS. 

Bojd   Equipment   Go... 373   Fourth   Ave.,   N.    T. 
Doyd.  John 284  Columbus  Ave.,  New  York. 

PRONG  LOCK.  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton.  O. 

PVBLISHHRS. 

Coawtook  Go..  The  W.  T..28  Warren  St..  N.  T. 

Concrete   Age.    The Atlanta.    Georgia 

Manual  Arts  Press.  The. 

600  (German  Fire  Insur.  Bldg..  Peoria,  111. 

PULIilTS. 

Qfmnt  Pvllej  ft  Hardwara  Co., 

t  W.  2Qtli  It,  N.   T. 

RBFRIGERATORS,    PORCELAIN.    ETC. 

Tettenborn    Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati.    O. 

RINOS— Bridle^  Comer  Brace  (Bridle),  Sebeo  Aerial. 
Star  Bzpanaton  Bolt  Co.  .147-140  Cedar  St.  N.  T. 

ROLLING  DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS— Steel. 
GiaBt   PuUej   and   Hardware    Co., 

8  W.   28th   St.   New  York   City. 
Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  James  G., 

8  W.  29th  St.  New  York 

BOOFINO  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Architectural  Metal  Works,  1192-4  Second  Aye., 

New   York. 
Barrett  MUg.  Oo New  Yetk.  N.  Y. 

BASH  CHAINS. 

Mortan,  Thomas 169  Elm  St,  N.  Y. 

lASH  CORDS. 

WOwm  Lake  Oo Boston,  Mass. 

■ASH  PULLEYS— Iron,  Brass,  Bronaa. 

Grant  Pnllej  ft  Hardware  Co^ 

8  W.  29th  St,  N.  Y. 

SIDEWALK  LIFT& 

Vpeldal,  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Barger  Mfg.  Co Canton.  O. 

SIGNS,    CHANGEABLE,    ETC. 

Kinney  Co.,  C.  M...3  W.  29th  St.,  New  York. 
U.  S.  Changeable  Sign  Co., 

3  W.  29th  St,   New  York 

SNOW  GUARD 

Folsom  Snow  Guard  Co.. 

Rosllndale  (Boston).   Mass. 

iPRINa  HINGES. 

Bemmer  Bros 257  Classon  Aye.,  Bklyn.  N.  Y. 

Ohloago  Spring  Butt  Co.. 

Chicago,  ni.:  New  York. 


SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

Automatic   Sprinkler   Co.   of  America, 

123  William  St,  New   York  City. 
General    Fire    Extinguisher   Co.. 

Prorridence,   R.   I. 
Rockwood  Sprinkler  Co...  128  William  St,  N.  Y. 

STEEL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Olerebuid,  O. 

STEEL  JOIST  HANGERa 

Laaa  Bros.  <3o Ponghkeapsleu  N.  T. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co. (jUreuLBd.  O. 

STEEL    SHUTTERS,    ROLLING.    ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co..  James  G.. 

5  W.  29th  St.,  New  York 

STUCCO. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

SWITCHBOARDS,    PANELS.    ETC. 

Metropolitan    Electric    Mfg.    Co., 

14th   St   ft   Bast   Ave.,    Long   Island   City 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (Antmnatio). 

Lane  Bros.  Qo^ Pooghkeepale^  N.   Y. 

TERRA  COTTA. 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co.,  Ill  Broadway,  N.  Y. 
Northwestern  Terra  Gotta  Oow, 

1000  (nybonm  Ato.,  Ohioaga. 

VAULT  UGHTS. 

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I  Architecture  and  BulldlnK- 


Architecture  and  Building 


A  Magazim  Devoted  to  Contemporary  Architectural  Construction 


Volume  XLIV. 


AUGUST.    1912 


Number  8 


THE   HOLLOW-TILE   FIREPROOF  HOUSE 


Article  IX. — Two  Way  Concrete  Floors 
By  FREDERICK  SQUIRES 


A  NOTED  inventor  of  airships  was 
recently  heard  to  say  that  if  he  ever 
had  to  give  up  the  conquest  of  the  air, 
he  would  devote  his  inventive  faculties 
to  concrete  as  the  next  greatest  realm  of 
promise.  The  greatest  American  inven- 
tor has  often  forsaken  electrical  research 
for  the  intense  delight  of  delving  into 
the  far-seen,  yet  still  unmeasured,  possi- 
bilities of  this  fluid  birth  of  stone.  Is 
it  not  significant  that  these  two  great 
men  of  the  brain  have  hit  on  the  same 
thing  as  their  second  choice?  They 
feel  that  in  the  conquest  of  concrete  is 
the  breeding  of  giants. 

In  spite  of  the  fact  that  its  study  ab- 
sorbs great  minds,  concrete  itself  is  bul 
a  homely  thing,  and  it  is  not  with  the 
work  of  an  Edison,  but  with  the  simple 
scheme  of  a  builder,  that  this  article 
most  concerns  itself. 

Carpenters  have  used  for  many  a 
year  the  principle  of  two-way  floors. 
They  knew  that  wood  floor  joists,  run- 
ning from  wall  to  wall,  could  be  greatly 
strengthened  by  the  use  of  solid  pieces 
fitted  snugly  between  them  and  forming 
a  continuous  line  at  right  angles  to  the 
direction  of  the  beams.  This  they  called 
cross-bridging. 

In  a  concrete  slab,  reinforced  with 
wire  mesh,  the  same  principle  is  opera- 
tive. The  slab  may  be  considered  as  a 
series  of  beams  side  by  side  and  touch- 
ing, and  each  beam   reinforced   with   a 


continuous  strand  of  the  wire  mesh. 
Thus,  if  the  mesh  were  made  of  wires 
crossed  at  right  angles,  the  slab  would 
consist  of  beams  crossed  at  right  an- 
gles. 

Since  the  strength  of  a  slab  depends 
directly  on  its  thickness,  it  was  found 
desirable  to  resort  to  beam  methods, 
just  as  the  carpenter  does  not  build  a 
floor  of  thick  planks  but  of  thin  boards 
resting  on  beams.  The  fomiation  of  a 
floor  of  concrete  beams  with  a  slab  on 
top  (analogous  to  the  wood  floor  con- 
struction) caused  difficulty  in  form  work 
and  did  not  provide  a  level  plaster  sur- 
face. These  difficulties  were  overcome 
by  using  hollow  terra-cotta  blocks  as 
fillers  between  the  beams,  which  formed 
with  the  bottom  of  the  beams  a  level 
ceiling  for  plastering.  But  this  floor 
did  not  provide  for  the  cross-bridging 
which  the  carpenter  had  found  so  es- 
sential to  the  strength  of  his  wood  con- 
struction, so  the  next  step  was  to  de- 
vise cross-bridging  for  concrete  con- 
struction. 

I  think  it  was  Faber,  a  German,  who 
first  showed  us  how  to  cross-bridge  a 
tile  and  concrete  floor.  He  knew  that 
hollow  tile  blocks  had  to  be  cellular  and 
open  on  two  ends,  but  nothing  daunted 
by  the  physical  obstacle,  he  poked  pa- 
per cylinders  into  the  open  ends  and 
spaced  his  tile  fillers  as  far  from  each 
other  on  their  open  ends  as  they  were 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


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THE  HOLLOW-TILE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


from  each  other  on  their  closed  sides. 
He  laid  his  reinforcement  in  each  set 
of  grooves,  which,  of  course,  made  it 
cross  at  right  angles,  and  poured  these 
intersecting  grooves  full  of  concrete, 
and,  presto!  we  have  a  gridiron  of  con- 
crete— a  perfect  cross-bridging. 

Then  his  protege,  Ferdinand  Burk- 
hart,  went  him  one  better  by  devising 
various  ingenious  schemes  for  present- 
ing, not  paper,  but  tile,  to  the  concrete 
at  the  open  ends  of  the  block.  His  first 
scheme  was  a  curious  series  of  squares 
of  tile,  each  formed  of  four  pie-shaped 
pieces  with  the  pie-crusts  forming  the 
outer  edges  of  the  square  and  the  con- 
fines of  the  beam.  Having  no  one  else 
to  beat,  Mr.  Burkhart  then  beat  him- 
self, and  his  best  record  is  now  as  fol- 
lows: the  floor  unit  consists  of  a  stand- 
ard-sized tile  with  flanges  on  the  lower 
edges  of  its  closed  sides  and  which  has 
its  open  ends  closed  with  channels,  each 
as  long  as  the  block.  This  results  when 
the  units  are  assembled  in  a  nearly  all- 
tile  ceiling,  a  very  desirable  feature,  be- 
cause untiled  concrete  beams  have  a  vex- 
atious way  of  condensing  moisture  from 
the  atmosphere  which  collects  on  the 
plaster  l>elow  them  and  makes  their  out- 
lines plainly  visible  in  the  ceiling.  This 
Burkhart  had  obviated.  A  clever  young 
engineer  named  Schuster  meantime  had 
produced  his  "Union  System"  which  is 
i?s  simple  as  rolling  off  a  log.  Schuster, 
however,  seems  to  have  been  the  first  to 
roll  ofT  this  particular  log.  His  idea  was 
obtained  by  observation  of  the  actual 
conditions  which  arose  in  pouring  con- 
crete. He  noticed  that  it  didn't  run  ex- 
cessively far  into  the  open  ends  of  a 
hollow  tile,  due  probably  to  the  fact  that 
the  tile  absorbed  the  water  of  the  con- 
crete and  checked  its  flow,  just  as  a 
blotter  will  check  the  flow  of  ink.  He 
used  standard  blocks  and  spaced  them 
just  as  Burkhart  spaced  his,  but  he 
omitted  Burkhart's  channels  and  flanges. 


Nolan,  in  Chicago,  and  another  engi- 
neer in  Washington,  closed  the  open  ends 
with  metal  and  have  had  a  considerable 
success.  A  beveled  block  is  also  in  use 
and  was  illustrated  in  the  last  issue  of 
this  magazine. 

Meanwhile  a  builder  had  been  think- 
ing, while  he  poured  his  concrete,  and 
he  devised  a  concrete  beam  in  section 
like  a  T,  formed  by  tile  blocks  sectioned 
like  an  inverted  T  and  he  adapted  this 
to  beams  running  in  one  way  and  in  two 
ways.  I  guess,  as  a  child,  he  had  been 
taught  to  cross  his  T's  for  that  is  the 
very  way  he  made  his  two-way  system 
from  his  one-way  system.  The  builder's 
name  was  Harry  Vought,  Jr. 

A  glance  at  the  drawings  which  illus- 
trate this  article  will  suffice  to  show  the 
reader  that  his  scheme  has  many  of  the 
advantages  before  described  for  the 
other  scheme  and  a  good  many  of  its 
own.  I  have  noted  these,  as  its  most  ob- 
vious good  qualities. 

The  T-shape  is  a  good  section  for  a 
concrete  beam,  be  it  one-way  or  two- 
vvays,  because  it  puts  the  emphasis  where 
it  belongs.  Look  at  your  New  York 
building  code.  You  get  a  good  value 
for  concrete  in  compression,  but  how 
many  pounds  per  square  inch  in  tension? 
Not  an  ounce  per  square  mile.  In  other 
words  concrete  below  the  neutral  axis 
of  a  beam  is  valuable  only  to  fireproof 
the  rod  and  to  take  care  of  shear.  All 
tension,  if  we  follow  our  code,  must  be 
provided  for  in  the  steel  reinforcement. 
It  is  true,  then,  that  this  T-section  pro- 
vides concrete  where  concrete  is  needed 
and  cuts  it  down  to  a  practical  minimum 
where  it  has  no  value. 

Mr.  Vought's  block  is  an  inverted  T 
on  the  closed  sides  and  the  same  sec- 
tion is  provided  in  the  other  sides  by 
placing  a  loose  member  similar  to  the 
flange  of  the  T  along  the  lower  half  of 
the  open  sides  of  the  block.  (See  the 
drawings.)        When     the     beams     are 


THE  HOLLOW-TILE  FIREPROOF  HOUSE 


315 


poured,  the  concrete  comes  into  perma- 
nent contact  with  all  sides  of  the  block 
above  the  neutral  axis  in  the  compres- 
sion area,  even  entering  the  open  ends 
to  some  extent.  There  are  no  dry  tile 
joints  to  make  the  value  of  the  compres- 
sion uncertain  owing  to  the  necessarily 
imperfect  contact  between  slightly 
warped  and  curved  tile  faces,  where 
contact  may  only  be  considered  as  occur- 
ring at  points.  Such  imperfect  contact 
occurs,  it  is  true,  below  the  neutral  axis, 
but  here  the  tile  and  concrete  are  mere- 
ly fillers  and  subjected  to  tension  (if 
such  force  is  not  entirely  taken  by  the 
steel)  which  would  tend  to  separate  not 
compress  the  tile.  A  glance  at  section 
A-A  shows  all  concrete  excluded  from 
the  open  ends  below  the  neutral  axis  by 
the  filler  where  it  would  be  a  dead  load 
and  allowed  to  run  into  the  open  end, 
even  forced  in,  in  general  practice,  above 
the  neutral  axis  where  it  aids  by  adding 
to  the  compressive  section.  It  will  be 
readily  seen  that  the  whole  top  of  this 
block  must  join  the  concrete  in  the  com- 
pressive area,  so  that  the  whole  top  of 
the  slab  is  in  compression.  This 
scheme  of  closing  the  right  part  of  the 
open  end  of  the  block  seems  to  me  to  be 
one  of  the  strongest  recommendations 
of  the  Vought  system. 

Some  of  the  two-way  schemes  which 
I  have  described  have  novel  ways  of  pro- 
viding an  all-tile  or  nearly  all-tile  ceil- 
ing. All-tile  ceilings  are  easily  made  by 
Mr.  Vought's  system,  as  is  shown  in 
the  second  ilustration. 

Section  A-A  in  the  illustration  of  the 
second  method  shows  a  block  where  the 
leg  of  the  T  converges  to  a  point.  The 
filler  shown  in  section  B-B  has  a  similar 
section  and  is  cut  off  on  a  bevel  so  that 
when  set  alongside  of  the  big  block  it 


forms  with  the  legs  of  the  T  a  bevel  all 
around  the  unit.  These  beveled  units 
when  placed  edge  to  edge,  as  is  done  to 
form  the  beams,  present  from  below  an 
all-tile  ceiling.  It  is  noteworthy  that 
this  method  of  the  Vought  system  does 
not  require  tight  centering.  It  is  seen 
then  that  this  system  presents  the  ad- 
vantages of  a  section  which  is  in  con- 
formity to  the  physical  powers  and  lim- 
itations of  concrete,  that  it  makes  the 
tile  do  actual  work  in  the  slab,  induces 
concrete  into  the  compressive  and  ex- 
cludes it  from  the  tension  part  of  the 
section  of  the  slab,  permits  open  cen- 
tering and  produces  an  all-tile  ceiling 
for  plastering.  Not  such  a  bad  showing 
for  a  builder's  invention. 

In  concluding  this  article,  I  would 
draw  attention  to  the  great  number  of 
clever  men  who  have  worked  on  two- 
way  tile  and  concrete  floor  construction, 
and  the  many  good  and  workable 
schemes  that  they  have  devised.  One 
may  bring  his  idea  from  Germany,  an- 
other may  get  it  from  thinking  while 
he  works,  another  from  close  observa- 
tion of  the  physical  attributes  of  tile  and 
concrete,  and  another  may  conceive  his 
scheme  by  the  geometrical  turn  of  his 
mind.  But  all  together,  consciously  or 
unconsciously,  willingly  or  unwillingly, 
are  aiding  the  march  of  building  progress 
headed  by  "King  Concrete."  If  you  are 
cocksure  that  you  and  your  system  have 
won,  you  are  only  sure  to  see  a  neglected 
warrior  rise  up  on  your  battlefield  with 
the  cry,  "I  have  just  begun  to  fight." 

Do  not  despise  your  fellow  workei, 
for  you  may  be  sowing  dragons'  teeth. 
So  let  no  one  claim  the  victory,  for 
victory  means  the  end  of  the  fight, 
and  the  end  is  not  yet,  for  the  end  is 
perfection. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


SENECA  BUILDING,  1 
Wood  Doors  and  Trim:  G.  Kllan  &  Bro.  A! 

Otia  BievBlora. 

Fireproof  Windows:  S.  H.  Pomeroy  Co.,  Inc. 
Grant   Overheod   Pulleys   Used. 
Slar  EKpansion  Bolts  Used. 
CUtoaKO  TrJj)lex   Butts  and  Hlngea. 


FAILURES   IN  BUILDING  CONSTRUCTION  AND 

THEIR  LESSONS.--IL 

COLUMNS 


By  EDWARD 

COLUMN  failures  are  numerous  and 
are  the  result  of  several  causes. 
Some  of  the  chief  causes  can  be  laid  at 
the  door  of  engineering  books  and  afford 
examples  of  too  much  mathematics  and 
too  little  common  sense. 

A  column  to  be  strong  must  be  made 
of  a  material  having  good  tensile 
strength.  Or,  if  the  material  used  has 
not  much  tensile  strength,  it  must  either 
be  reinforced  for  tension  or  given  a  very 
low  unit  stress  in  the  design. 

A  column  may  fail  in  two  distinct 
ways,  namely,  ( 1 )  as  a  bow  or  spring 
altogether  independent  of  the  ultimate 
compressive  strength  or  elastic  limit  of 
the  metal,  (2)  as  a  member  in  compres- 
sion, crushing  the  fibers. 

These  simple  and  easily  demonstrated 
facts  are  practically  totally  absent  in  en- 
gineering books  dealing  with  the  subject 
of  columns.  The  result  is  absurd  and 
weak  designs  of  columns. 

Instead  of  recognizing  the  two  distinct 
phases  in  the  strength  of  a  column,  the 
two  are  combined  in  the  Gordon- Rankine 
formula,  and  absurd  results  are  attained. 
It  is  true  that  there  is  a  range  (in  col- 
umns of  intermediate  lengths)  where 
there  is  a  combination  of  the  effects  of 
spring  and  crushing  of  metal.  There  is 
also  a  range  (in  short  columns)  w^here  a 
column  could  not  fail  by  springing  or 
bowing,  but  only  by  crushing  the  metal ; 
as  well  as  a  range  (in  slender  columns) 
where  crushing  of  the  metal  cannot  take 
place  until  the  column  has  failed  by 
springing.  Failure  to  recognize  these 
distinct  phases  of  the  strength  of  col- 
umns and  to  separate  and  differentiate 


GODFREY 

them  has  led  to  many  gross  errors  and 
many  failures. 

As  the  writer  has  pointed  out,  in  "Rail- 
way Age  fSazette,"  July  2,  1909,  and 
more  fully  in  his  book,  "Steel  Designing" 
(at  present  in  manuscript),  the  Euler 
load  is  the  absolute  maximum  load  that 
any  column  can  sustain,  irrespective  of 
the  ultimate  strength  or  elastic  limit  of 
the  steel,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  the 
Gordon-Rankine  formula  shows  for  slen- 
der columns  ultimate  strengths  several 
times  the  Euler  load.  And  the  Gordon- 
Rankine  formula  is  the  one  that  archi- 
tects and  engineers  very  commonly  use 
to  design  their  columns.  Books  say  of 
the  Euler  load  that  "under  this  load  the 
column  just  begins  to  deflect,  and  will 
under  a  constant  load  retain  anv  deflec- 
tion  which  may  be  given  to  it,  within  the 
elastic  limit  of  the  material."  The  elastic 
limit  does  not  enter  in  the  formula  or 
its  derivation,  and  there  is  no  proof  of 
any  such  thing  in  the  common  deriva- 
tion of  the  Euler  formula.  Such  state- 
ments as  the  one  above  quoted  are  mis- 
leading, as  they  give  designers  the  no- 
tion that  there  is  still  some  reserve 
strength  in  a  column  after  the  Euler  load 
is  reached. 

The  Gordon-Rankine  formula  has  no 
application  whatever  to  slender  columns, 
and,  on  the  other  hand,  the  Euler  for- 
mula has  no  practical  application  to  short 
columns.  These  facts  are  of  more  real 
value  to  a  designer  than  pages  or  volumes 
of  intricate  mathematical  formulas.  If 
thev  are  known  to  book  writers,  thev 
have  been  carefully  suppressed.  Hand 
books  give  the  supposed  ultimate  strength 


318 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


of  a  pin-ended  column  in  medium  steel 
whose  ratio  of  slenderness  (length  div- 
ided by  least  radius  of  gyration)  is  240, 
as  nearly  12,(XX)  lbs.  per  sq.  in.,  by  the 
Gordon-Rankine  formula,  whereas  the 
absolute  ultimate  strength  of  such  a 
column,  even  if  it  were  made  of  steel 
having  an  elastic  limit  of  200,000  lbs.  per 
sq.  in.  or  more,  is  actually  only  5,000  lbs. 
per  sq.  in.  They  give  the  ultimate 
strength  of  a  column  whose  ratio  of  slen- 
derness is  40  at  about  47,000  lbs.  per 
sq.  in.,  whereas  such  columns  under  test 
will  not  show  much  more  than  two-thirds 
of  this  ultimate  strength. 

A  straight  line  formula  for  safe  loads 
in  columns  is  the  most  reliable  for  several 
reasons.  First,  it  agrees  more  closely 
with  experiments  than  any  other.  Sec- 
ond, the  values  lie  wholly  within  the 
Euler  curve.  Third,  it  shows  less  values 
for  slender  columns  and  thus  discourages 
their  use.  Fourth,  it  agrees  closely  with 
the  theoretical  strength  of  columns  on 
the  assumption  of  proportional  shop  im- 
perfections. The  latter  is  shown  by  the 
writer's  paper  in  "Railway  Age  Gazette." 

The  other  basic  and  suppressed  fact  re- 
ferred to  in  the  beginning  of  this  article 
is  that  a  column,  to  be  strong,  must  be 
of  a  material  having  good  tensile 
strength.  This  is  so  rare  a  piece  of  in- 
formation that  when  recently  at  a  meet- 
ing of  engineers  a  well-know^n  investi- 
gator stated  that  high  tensile  strength  in 
the  concrete  of  a  reinforced-concrete 
column  increased  the  compressive 
strength  of  the  column,  one  of  the  prin- 
cipal engineering  papers  of  the  country 
made  a  special  news  item  of  it.  The 
writer  has  been  emphasizing  this  fact  in 
his  articles  and  books  since  1907,  when 
he  pointed  out,  in  an  article  in  "Concrete 
Engineering,"  the  fact  that  cast-iron  col- 
umns, made  of  a  material  having  an  ulti- 
mate crushing  strength  of  about  100,000 
lbs.  per  sq.  in.,  are  designed  (when  prop- 


erly designed)  by  a  formula  the  base  unit 
of  which  is  7,600  lbs :  only  7.6  per  cent, 
of  the  ultimate  strength — and  this  be- 
cause of  the  weakness  of  cast  iron  in 
toughness  or  tension.  He  also  empha- 
sized the  blatent  error  of  designing  so- 
called  reinforced-concrete  columns  of 
practically  plain  concrete,  on  a  formula 
the  base  unit  of  which  is  7.50  lbs. — a 
material  one-fiftieth  as  strong  in  com- 
pression and  one-hundredth  as  strong  in 
tension  with  a  supposed  "safe"  unit  one- 
tenth  as  great. 

There  have  been  many  failures  of  slen- 
der columns.  Some  of  them  have  been 
deliberate  designs  by  specialists  not 
aware  of  their  weakness  by  reason  of 
the  misleading  character  of  the  informa- 
tion imparted  through  books.  The  slen- 
derness is  sometimes  in  the  column  as  a 
whole  and  sometimes  the  result  of  in- 
adequate means  of  uniting  the  component 
parts  of  the  column. 

An  experienced  designer,  proportioning 
a  column  by  the  Gordon-Rankine  for- 
mula, the  ratio  of  slenderness  of  the 
column  being  about  240,  could  not  under- 
stand w^hv  such  columns  showed  weak- 
ness  and  why  the  ultimate  strength  was 
not  about  20,000  lbs.  per  sq.  in.,  as  the 
formula  showed.  The  writer  had  diffi- 
culty in  convincing  him  that  the  ultimate 
strength  of  his  column  was  about  one- 
fourth  that  which  he  assumed,  not  only 
because  it  was  too  slender  to  be  in  the 
range  of  the  Gordon-Rankine  formula, 
l)ut  also  because  it  was  not  fixed  ended, 
but  more  nearly  pin  ended.  The  end 
connection  was  to  gusset  plates  in  the 
plane  of  the  web  of  the  light  channels 
of  which  the  compression  member  was 
made.  This  is  practically  a  pin-ended 
connection,  for  such  gusset  plates  cannot 
maintain  fixedness  of  the  axis  of  the 
member  at  the  ends. 

Fig.  1  shows  this  compression  member 
and  its  connection.    The  dotted  lines  in- 


FAILURES  IX  BUILDING  COXSTRUCTION 


319 


n 


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eJi 


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ii 


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dicate  how  this  member  could 

bow  in  failing  and  show  very 

clearly  the  futility  of  the  end 

gusset   plates   in   holding  the 

axis  of  these  channels  rigidly 

j    in  line,  as  they  would  have  to 

i    do  if  the  member  were  fixed 

j   ended  or  square  ended  in  fact. 

I   The  member  had  no  lattice, 

[  the    channels     being    merely 

I  held    in    line    by    the  batten 

I  ^  plates. 

Another     feature    of     this 
column  was  the  use  or  batten 
I  plates  with  the  idea  that  these 
I  shortened     the      unsupported 
length  of  the  individual  chan- 
nels; as  though     one     weak 
member  could  support  another 
equally  weak  member  by  be- 
ing connected    thereto    by    a 
batten  plate,  which  would  al- 
low both  to  deflect   sidewise 
without  interference.  Here  is 
another      exceedingly       vital 
point  of   design  upon   which 
books  are  silent.     A  compres- 
sion   member    must    be  cap- 
able    of     taking     transverse 
shear.     It  is  an  elementary  engineering 
principle  that  a  rectangular  system,  such 
as  the  battens  and  channels,  cannot  take 
shear.     Lattice    bars    and    the    channels 
form  a  triangular  system,  which  can  act 
as  a  truss  to  carry  the  transverse  shear 
of  a  column. 

In  Engineering  News,  July  6,  1911, 
there  is  a  description  of  a  gasholder  post 
which  failed  in  Hamburg,  Germany.  This 
post  was  made  up  of  two  little  5-in.  chan- 
nels and  a  few  pairs  of  little  tie  plates  or 
battens  that  could  be  carried  in  a  man's 
coat  pocket,  and  it  was  expected  to  carry 
a  load  of  133,000  lbs.  A  leading  Euro- 
pean authority  who  investigated  the 
wreck  and  the  design  reported  that  "the 
use  of  the  tie-plated  columns,  when  the 
section   is  assumed  to  be   integral  may 


o 


I 


I 


t\'. 


1. 


lead  to  constructions  which  do  not  af- 
ford adequate  security  under  loading  of 
unusual  character." 

Fig.  2  shows  a  sketch  of  this  column 
and  how  and  why  it  could  bow  under 
endwise  compression.  In  a  letter  in 
'^Engineering  News,"  July  27,  1911,  the 
writer  pointed  out  the  fact  that  the  prob- 
able ultimate  strength  of  the  column, 
worked  out  theoretically,  is  just  about 
the  amount  of  the  load  under  which  it 
failed — the  load  that  was  supposed  to  be 
the  safe  load.  But  this  ultimate  load,  as 
the  writer  worked  it  out,  was  not  figured 
on  the  basis  of  the  standard  book  method 
of  designing  posts. 


Fig:.    2. 


320 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


The  writer  points  out,  in  this  letter,  the 
fallacy  of  applying  Euler's   formula  to 
short  columns,  as  the  designing  engineers 
had  done ;  for  they  supposed  the  pair  of 
channels  would  be  united  as  an  integral 
column  by  the  tie  plates,  thus  making  tht 
column  a  short  one.    He  also  points  out 
the  error  in  depending  on  tie  plates  to 
unite  the  parts  of  a  column.    The  Euler 
formula  gives  the  ultimate    load    of    a 
column — the  load  which  could  not  pos- 
sibly be  exceeded  by    any    column,    no 
matter     how     great     the      compressive 
strength  may  be;  but  in  short  columns, 
that  is,  columns  having  a  ratio  ofi  slen- 
derness  of   100  or  less,  structural  steel 
will  fail  in  compression  or  crushing  be- 
fdre  the  springing  or  bowing  action  can 
come  into  play.    Tie  plates  do  not  hinder 
the  bowing  action  of  a  column  such  as 
this  one  except  in  an  inconsiderable  de- 
gree.   Because  of  the  absence  of  lattice 
these  two  channels  can  bow  together,  and 
the  ratio  of  slenderness  of  the  column  is 
the  full  length  of  the  column  divided  by 
the  least  radius  of  gyration  of  a  single 
channel.    In  this  post  that  ratio  was  180. 

The  writer's  contention  in  the  letter 
above  referred  to  was  disputed  by  a  Ger- 
man engineer,  in  a  letter  published  in 
"Engineering  News,"  Sept.  28,  1911,  and 
this  was  answered  by  the  writer  in  the 
same  issue.  The  claim  is  there  made  that 
because  the  tie  plates  would  have  to  take 
the  shape  of  oblique  parallelograms  by 
the  bowing  of  the  column  as  shown  in 
Fig.  2,  these  tie  plates  would  resist  such 
bowing.  The  argument  of  the  writer's 
reply  will  be  repeated  here. 

These  small  two-rivet  plates  can  scarce- 
ly add  any  rigidity  to  a  column  carrying 
more  than  100,000  lbs.  except  in  the  im- 
mediate vicinity  of  the  plate.  Of  course, 
in  a  greatly  exaggerated  sketch  the  paral- 
lelogram formed  by  the  four  rivets  of  the 
tie  plates  would  appear  to  be  greatly 
distorted.    The  same  might  be  argued  if 


only  one  rivet  connected  the  tie  plate  and 
channel,  since  friction  would  resist  rota- 
tion. Rivets  are  subject  to  slip,  some- 
times under  small  stress,  and  an  exceed- 
ingly minute  slip  would  allow  all  the  rota- 
tion necessary  for  the  column  to  assume 
the  dotted  position  of  Fig.  2,  for  a  slen- 
der column  has  reached  the  point  of 
ultimate  failure  at  the  first  measurable 
deflection,  if  it  be  originally  straight. 

A  slender  column  whose  parts  are  per- 
fectly  straight   may    reach    its   ultimate 
load  when  it  has  deflected   1/16-in.,  or 
less,  whereas  a  similar  column  with  an 
original  bow  of  ^-in.  will  stand  an  ad- 
ditional deflection  of  >^-in.  before  it  fails, 
both  columns  failing  at  the  same  load. 
These  are  facts  very  easy  to  demonstrate 
mathematically  on  the  theory  of  flexure, 
but  very  difiicult  to  find  in  literature  on 
the  subject.    It  is  such  facts  as  these  that 
ought  to  be  written  into  the  literature  of 
engineering  to  displace  a  lot  of  mathe- 
matical nonsense  in  the  way  of  complex 
and  meaningless  column  formulas,  based 
on  impossible  assumptions,  which  totally 
ignore  the  practical  work  of  manufactur- 
ing a  column.    Such  facts  as  these  would 
go  a  long  ways  toward  intelligent  design 
of  columns.    Such  emphasis  of  the  im- 
portance and  magnitude  of  slight  deflec- 
tion or  bowing  in  a  column  has  more 
weight  than  an  abstract  dissertation  on 
the  impossibility  of  a  rectangle,  assuming 
the  shape  of  an  oblique  parallelogram. 

There  is  a  great  difference  between 
holding  40  inches  of  a  column  straight 
with  a  leverage  of  3  inches  (the  distance 
assumed  between  two  rivets  of  a  tie 
plate)  and  holding  that  length  of  a  col- 
umn straight  by  a  triangular  system  of 
lattice.  In  the  column  under  considera- 
tion, in  40  inches  of  length  (the  space 
between  tie  plates)  one  tie  plate  has  the 
work  to  perform  that  in  a  latticed  column 
would  be  done  by  10  or  15  lattice  bars. 
All  of  these  lattice  bars  would  be  acting 


FAILURES  IN  BUILDING  CONSTRUCTION 


321 


to  resist  the  bowing  of  the  column,  and 
all  of  the  20  or  30  rivets  aid  in  relievii^ 
the  individual  channels  of  the  bending 
which  they  would  have  to  take,  in  addi- 
tion to  direct  stress,  in  the  tie-plated 
column. 

The  failure  of  a  sprinkler  tank  sup- 
port is  described  in  "Engineering  Rec- 
ord," Aug.  13,  1910.    On  four  columns 


consisting  each  of  4-4"x3",  9.3-lb.  Tees, 
held  at  intervals  of  21  inches  by  6"x3''x 
Ys"  tie  plates,  a  load  of  22,000  gallons  of 
water  and  two  tanks  was  carried.  The 
columns  were  ]3'-9"  high.  The  ratio  of 
slenderness  is  nearly  200,  and  this  load  is 
not  far  from  the  ultimate  load  of  the 
columns.  Failure  is,  of  course,  a  natural 
consequence  of  such  construction. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THE  86TH   STRETET   THEATRE.  NEAR   3RD   AVENL'E,   NEW  YORK  CITY. 
Electric  Contractors:   Edwards  Electric  Conatrucllon  Co,  Thoma*   W.    Id.mb,    Arctittect 

Switch   Board   and   Panels;      Metropolitan   Electric   MtR.   Co. 
Star   Expansion   Bolts   Used. 
Rockvood  Automatic  Sprinkler  Equipment. 
Von  Duprin  Biit  Fire  Devices. 
Evans"    "Crescent"    ExpanHlon    Bolts   Used. 


STUDENTS'  DETAILS  OF  CONSTRUCTION 


Architectural  Department,  University  of  Pennsylvania 


SUPPLEMENTING  the  illustrations 
already  published  in  recent  issues,  the 
drawings  reproduced  in  the  following 
two  pages  are  selected  from  many  exam- 
ples of  students'  work  in  architectural 
construction  in  the  School  of  Architect- 
ure of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania. 
The  scales  to  which  they  were  made  were 
decided  upon  when  the  general  plans,  ele- 
vations and  sections  were  determined. 
The  problem  involved,  in  general,  all 
scale  and  detail  drawings  necessary  to 
fully  show  the  construction,  and  all  cal- 
culations necessary  to  determine  struc- 
tural strengths  and  details. 

The  first  drawing  shown  in  this  is- 
sue illustrating  students'  work  in  archi- 
tectural construction  as  it  is  related  to 
design  problems,  shows  a  small  bank 
building  with  a  one-half  transverse  sec- 
tion from  the  footings  to  the  roof  truss 
and  a  larger  detailed  section  through 
the  front  facade  of  the  building.  The 
problem  in  design  called  for  a  bank  to 
be  erected  on  a  plot  of  ground  facing 
a  public  square  and  bounded  on  the  sides 
by  streets  of  minor  importance.  An- 
other building  adjoins  the  bank  on  the 
rear.  The  dimensions  of  the  plot  of 
ground  are  40  feet  facing  the  square  and 
80  feet  on  the  sides,  the  plot  being  rect- 
angular. The  rooms  which  the  bank  is  to 
contain  were  then  enumerated  in  the 
program  and  the  usual  details  for  the 
problems  in  design  explained  to  the 
students  of  the  course. 

The  detailed  drawings  connected  with 
the  problem  of  constructing  this  build- 
ing and  belonging  to  the  course  in 
architectural    construction    co-ordinated 


with  the  course  in  design,  show  the 
various  materials,  their  supports,  anch- 
ors and  ties,  the  outside  and  inside  finish, 
the  front  entrance  door  and  steps  from 
grade,  front  window,  the  truss  work,  the 
solid-balustrade  coping,  the  heavy  stone 
entablature  and  its  method  of  support 
and  tying,  the  fireproof  flooring,  the  dec- 
orative ceiling,  etc. 

The  second  illustration  is  a  portion  of 
the  design  of  the  facade  of  a  fra- 
ternity-house, with  the  details  for  the 
same.  This  problem  comprised  the 
designing  of  a  fraternity  house  for  a 
college  society  at  a  great  university. 
The  building  was  to  be  located  on  a 
plot  200  by  300  feet,  level,  and  having 
one  side  only  bordering  on  an  avenue. 
The  materials  and  style  were  left  entire- 
ly to  the  choice  of  the  students.  The 
drawings  show  the  portion  of  the  plan, 
drawn  originally  to  3/16-inch  scale,  and 
just  above  it  the  elevation  of  a  portion 
of  the  fagade  wath  one  of  the  bays  in 
the  first  story,  the  triple  window  in  the 
second  and  the  curved-roof  feature 
above.  The  larger  drawings  showing 
the  details  are  drawn  to  ^-inch  to 
the  foot.  This  student  submitting 
this  solution  has  chosen  brick  for 
the  body  of  the  building,  with  stone  and 
concrete  trimmings,  a  key  to  the  mate- 
rials being  given  on  the  drawing.  The 
outside  and  interior  finish  are  shown  in 
detail,  and  also  the  construction  of  win- 
dow sills,  jambs,  heads  and  mullions,  the 
special  design  of  fireproof  flooring,  the 
terrace  in  front  of  the  bay,  the  roof  co- 
pings and  a  portion  of  the  roof  construc- 
tion. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDISG 


STUDENTS'  DETAILS  OF  CONSTRUCTION 


Designed  by  Fred.  L,  Townley. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


'PBRSPBCTIVB  OF  SCHNEIDER-ANDERSON  BUILDING,  lfl-18  BAST  46TH  STREET. 
NEW   YORK   CITY. 
Bulldera;  Tbomaa  J.  Steeii  Co.  Hazzard.  Brsklne  &  BlBsaen,  Architects. 

Corbln  Hardware. 


STANDPIPE  AND  HOSE  SYSTEM  IN  BUILDINGS 

Beingr  Portions  of  the  Report  of  the  Committee  on  Standards 
of  the  National  Fire  Protection  Association. 

PART  II. 


W.  C.  ROBINSON,  Chairman 


THIS  second  portion  of  Mr.  Robin- 
son's report  dealing  with  the  equip- 
ment of  hose  stations  follows  in  direct 
sequence  to  the  portion  previously  pub- 
lished in  our  July  issue. 

EQUIPMENT  OF  HOSE  STATIONS. 

The  character  of  the  equipment  at  hose 
stations  is  governed  by  the  class  of  service 
to  be  supplied,  and  in  some  measure  by 
the  class  of  building  in  which  the  standpipe 
and  hose  system  is  to  be  installed. 

HOSE. 

Generally  speaking,  all  fire  hose  stored 
inside  buildings  should  be  approved  unlined 
linen  hose,  on  account  of  its  greater  durabil- 
ity and  reliability  in  such  localities.  Linen 
hose  also  has  the  advantage  of  being  lower 
in  cost  than  good  hose  containing  rubber. 
Its  chief  disadvantages  consist  of  the  rela- 
tively high  friction  losses  due  to  the  rough 
interior,  its  greater  tendency  to  kink  when 
handled,  and  the  fact  that  it  is  not  abso- 
lutely water  tight  when  water  is  first  turned 
on.  These  disadvantages  are  more  than 
offset  by  its  lightness  and  the  comparative 
ease  with  which  it  can  be  handled,  the  fact 
that  it  can  be  stored  in  small  compass,  and, 
most  of  all,  by  its  very  materially  greater 
durability  as  compared  with  rubber  or  rub- 
ber-lined fire  hose  in  the  heated  dry  atmos- 
phere  usual    inside    buildings. 

Cotton  rubber-lined  hose  may  be  advisa- 
ble in  some  localities,  but  only  where  moist 
atmospheric  conditions  prevail  and  at  roof 
hydrants  and  outside  stations  forming  part 
of  the  standpipe  system.  Rubber  hose 
should  only  be  used  in  localities  where  hose 
fabrics  are  quickly  destroyed  by  the  action 
of  chemicals- 
Hose  stations  provided  with  equipment  to 
be  used  by  the  occupants  of  the  buildings 
should  each  be  equipped  with  Ij^-inch  hose 
not  exceeding  50  ft.  in  length,  and  with  a 
conspicuous  permanent  sign  calling  atten- 
tion to  the  purpose  for  which  this  hose  is 
provided.  At  upper  stories  and  where  the 
initial  water  pressures  are  low,  the  use  of 
2-inch  in  place  of  Ij^-inch  hose  may  prove 
advisable. 

Hose  stations  intended  for  use  by  Fire 
Departments  or  those  trained  in  handling 
heavy  fire  streams  should  each  be  equipped 


with  a  2j^-inch  hose  not  exceeding  100  feet 
in  length.  A  conspicuous  permanent  sign 
should  be  placed  at  each  station,  calling 
attention  to  the  fact  that  the  2V^-inch  hose 
is  only  to  be  used  by  the  Fire  Department 
or  several  persons  trained  in  handling  it, 
and  that  smaller  hose  is  provided  for  use 
by  occupants  of  the  building.  The  present 
general  practice  of  equipping  standpipes 
with  2% -inch  hose  only  is  often  a  menace 
to  life  on  account  of  the  inability  of  in- 
experienced persons  to  handle  it,  and  in 
most  cases;  affords  no  protection  during 
the  incipient  stages  of  fire  for  the  same 
reason. 

In  most  cases  it  will  probably  be  found 
convenient  and  advisable  to  provide  both 
sizes  of  hose  at  the  stations  supplied  by 
the  larger  standpipes. 

HOSE  RACKS. 

All  hose  should  be  attached  to  valves 
at  the  standpipe  and  stored  on  approved 
racks  of  substantial  construction  securely 
fastened  in  position.  Hose  racks  of  the 
swinging  type  are  the  most  reliable  under 
ordinary  conditions,  although  special  claims 
are  made  for  other  types  which  are  ap- 
parently in  some  measure  justified.  For 
2j/^-inch  hose,  which  can  only  be  effectively 
handled  by  several  persons,  there  does  not 
appear  to  be  any  necessity  for  racks  which 
are  automatic  or  partially  automatic  in  op- 
eration. Racks  for  such  hose  should  be  so 
designed  that  the  hose  can  be  quickly  laid 
by  those  at  the  nozzle,  without  danger  of 
its  dropping  to  the  floor  in  a  tangle  as  it 
is  pulled  from  the  rack.  Water  should  not 
be  turned  into  2j/^-inch  hose  until  it  is  laid 
and  the  signal  is  received  from  those  at 
the  nozzle. 

The  Ij^-inch  hose  should  be  stored  on 
racks  of  the  same  general  type,  so  designed 
that  the  water  can  be  turned  on  without 
disturbing  the  hose  or  preventing  it  from 
being  pulled  off  and  laid  without  further 
attention  to  the  controlling  valve.  Racks 
of  this  character  have  the  advantage  of 
being  easily  operated  by  one  person  and 
are  sufiiciently  automatic  in  their  action. 
If  properly  designed  and  constructed,  they 
are  reliably  operative  under  pressures  some- 
what in  excess  of  125  pounds,  and  when  the 
water  is  turned  on  before  or  after  the  hose 


328 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


has  been  removed  from  the  rack.  The  valve 
difficulties  almost  always  accompanying  the 
automatic  reel  or  rack  are  eliminated  in 
these  racks. 

HOSE  VALVES. 

Particular  attention  should  be  given  to 
the  selection  of  the  hose  valves  located  at 
the  standpipes.  A  variety  of  such  valves 
is  available,  but  it  is  probably  difficult 
to  obtain  in  one  valve  all  of  the  features 
which  may  be  desirable  for  the  various 
conditions  of  service.  A  hose  valve  should 
have  a  straight,  full,  unobstructed  water- 
way through  it,  should  open  easily  and 
quickly  to  the  full  open  position,  should 
be  absolutely  tight  against  high  pressures 
when  closed,  should  be  difficult  to  acci- 
dently  disturb  and  cause  leakage,  should 
be  provided  with  an  open  drip  to  take  away 
slight  leakage  and  prevent  water  from  en- 
tering the  hose,  should  be  compact  and 
neat  in  design  and  appearance,  substantial 
in  construction,  and  capable  of  withstanding 
without  leakage  all  reasonable  stresses  to 
which  it  is  subjected. 

It  is  questionable  whether  any  hose  valve 
now  available  fulfills  all  of  these  require- 
ments to  a  sufficient  degree  to  warrant  its 
unqualified  approval  for  all  classes  of  serv- 
ice. It  is  also  possible  that  all  of  the  above 
qualifications  are  not  essential  under  some 
conditions,  particularly  where  the  water 
pressures  are  comparatively  low.  Hose 
valves  are  expected  to  prevent  leakage  into 
the  most  perishable  part  of  the  equipment 
and  remain  in  a  reliable  condition  for  in- 
definite periods  of  time  without  excessive 
maintenance,  costs  or  trouble  in  localities 
where  they  are  liable  to  be  molested.  All 
things  considered,  the  best  valve  obtainable 
will  probably  prove  to  be  the  most  econom- 
ical. 

Hose  valves  should  be  placed  below  the 
hose  which  is  attached  to  them  and  within 
easy  reach.  If  they  are  liable  to  be  mo- 
lested they  should  be  provided  with  guards 
which  are  sufficiently  secure  to  prevent 
tampering  but  which  will  not  prevent  ac- 
cess to  them  in  case  of  fire.  The  2j^-inch 
valves,  together  with  the  hose  couplings, 
should  be  provided  with  hose  threads  in- 
terchangeable with  those  of  the  Fire  De- 
partment. 

PLAY   PIPES   AND    NOZZLES. 

All  25^-inch  hose  should  be  provided  with 
approved  Underwriters'  play  pipes  having 
a  nozzle  with  IJ^-inch  discharge  orifice. 
As  this  hose  is  for  the  use  of  those  trained 
in  handling  heavy  streams,  each  system 
should  be  supplied  with  a  number  of  extra 
nozzles  of  larger  diameter  so  that  heavier 
streams   can   be   obtained   if   desired-     The 


extra  nozzles  should  fit  the  Underwriters* 
play  pipe,  but  the  size  of  the  larger  streams 
likely  to  be  required  will  depend  on  cir- 
cumstances and  should  be  determined  by 
the  Fire  Department  officials.  One  or  more 
special  nozzle  holders  should  also  be  sup- 
plied where  the  heavier  streams  are  to  be 
employed. 

A  standard  Ij^-inch  nozzle  will  discharge 
approximately  250  gallons  of  water  per  min- 
ute if  provided  with  a  constant  water  pres- 
sure of  45  pounds  to  the  square  inch. 
Streams  from  such  nozzles  have  an  effective 
reach  of  approximately  70  feet  horizontally 
and  77  feet  vertically  in  still  gir.  On  the 
interior  of  most  buildings  the  effective  reach 
of  such  streams  is  probably  materially  less 
than  the  distance  given  on  account  of  ob- 
structions and  the  inability  to  elevate  the 
stream  without  striking  the  ceiling.  The 
distances  given  will  be  materially  reduced 
by  the  presence  of  wind  when  the  streams 
are  used  on  the  exterior  of  buildings. 

Ij^-inch  hose  should  be  provided  with 
composition  metal  play  pipes  having  a  dis- 
charge orifice  not  less  than  J^-inch  nor 
more  than  ^-inch  in  diameter.  The  play 
pipe  should  be  at  least  eight  inches  in 
length,  tapered,  machined  to  a  smooth 
finish  on  the  interior  and  provided  with  a 
heavy  outside  bead  at  the  discharge  tip  to 
prevent  injury  in  service  and  consequent 
disturbance  of  the  stream.  A  short,  well- 
made  play  pipe  without  swivel  handles  can 
be  safely  handled  when  used  with  1^-inch 
hose.  The  small  streams  are  not  accom- 
panied by  a  heavy  reaction  and  the  hose 
can  be  easily  held  and  managed  by  any 
able-bodied  person  even  at  fairly  high  pres- 
sures. 

A  J/^-inch  nozzle  will  discharge  approxi- 
mately 32,  51  and  72  gallons  of  water  per 
minute  at  20,  50  and  100  pounds  pressure 
at  the  base  of  the  nozzle,  respectively,  but 
the  effective  horizontal  and  vertical  reach 
of  such  streams  has  not  been  determined 
so  far  as  could  be  ascertained.  A  ^-inch 
stream  will  discharge  7Z,  116  and  164  gal- 
lons per  minute,  respectively,  at  the  above 
pressures,  and  has  an  effective  reach  of  32 
feet  horizontally  and  Z7  feet  vertically  in 
still  air  at  20  pounds  nozzle  pressure. 

The  vast  majority  of  the  play  pipes  now 
used  for  the  equipment  of  standpipes  are 
cheap,  inferior  and  poorly  suited  for  the 
purpose.  They  are  most  always  highly  pol- 
ished on  the  exterior  and  rough  and  un- 
finished on  the  interior.  Those  used  in  con- 
nection with  2j^-inch  hose  are  often  pro- 
vided with  small  discharge  tips  and  fur- 
nish streams  easily  furnished  by  smaller 
hose. 

Inferior  play  pipes  furnish  inferior  fire 
streams  and  have  considerable  influence  on 


STANDPIPE   AND   HOSE   SYSTEM 


329 


the    attitude    of    Public    Fire    Departments 
toward  private  standpipe  systems. 

PRESSURE  REGULATORS. 

One  of  the  most  serious  problems  in  the 
design  of  standpipe  systems  for  high  build- 
ings is  that  of  reducing  the  pressures  in  the 
lower  stories  to  a  point  where  the  hose 
streams  can  be  safely  and  efficiently  han- 
dled. Nozzle  pressures  in  excess  of  65 
pounds  render  the  larger  streams  difficult 
and  dangerous  to  handle,  even  by  trained 
men,  and  nozzle  pressures  in  excess  of  100 
pounds  make  it  practically  impossible  to 
use  such  streams  for  this  service.  While  it 
is  probably  possible  to  handle  the  smaller 
first-aid  streams  at  somewhat  higher  pres- 
sures than  the  larger  streams,  the  pressures 
should  not  exceed  certain  limits  if  the  best 
results  are  to  be  expected  from  those  un- 
trained in  handling  fire  streams. 

A  number  of  methods  of  accomplishing 
the  desired  reduction  of  the  pressures  in 
the  fire  hose  have  been  tried  with  indif- 
ferent success.  One  method  involves  the 
use  of  several  tanks  at  diflferent  elevations 
in  the  building,  the  standpipe  being  so  con- 
nected that  each  tank  will  supply  the  hose 
on  a  limited  number  of  stories  only,  and 
excessive  gravity  pressures  thus  avoided. 
This  method  necessitates  the  use  of  con- 
siderable valuable  floor  space,  is  expensive 
on  account  of  the  duplication  of  tanks,  and 
loads,  and  necessitates  complicated  pipe 
connections  to  the  water  supplies.  It  fails 
to  accomplish  the  desired  results  at  lower 
stories,  when  the  pumps  or  auxiliary  sources 
of  water  supply  are  in  use. 

The  use  of  special  pressure  reducing  or 
regulating  valves  at  each  hose  station  has 
been  attempted,  but  it  is  understood  that 
the  valves  thus  far  tried  have  not  been 
wholly  successful.  This  method  involves 
the  use  of  numerous  mechanical  devices, 
the  operation  of  which  is  more  or  less  un- 
certain, complicates  the  pipe  connections 
and  is  expensive  on  account  of  the  cost 
of  the  valves. 

It  is  well  known  that  excessive  pressures 
in  fire  hose  attached  to  high-pressure  water 
supplies  can  be  avoided  by  only  partly 
opening  the  hose  valve  and  limiting  the 
amount  of  water  which  enters  the  hose; 
in  other  words,  by  establishing  the  ratio 
between  the  size  of  the  inlet  and  outlet 
which  will  result  in  the  reduction  of  the 
pressure  to  a  point  where  the  stream  can 
be  safely  and  effectively  handled.  Unfor- 
tunately, it  is  impracticable  and  unsafe  for 
those  who  operate  standpipe  systems  to  try 
and  obtain  the  proper  reduction  in  the  hose 
pressures  by  the  manual  adjustment  of  hose 
valves  at  time  of  fire,  and  some  reliable 
means  of  automatically  accomplishing  the 
desired    result    must    be    provided.      Your 


committee  is  advised  that  recent  experi- 
ments in  New  York  have  shown  that  the 
use  of  a  metal  disk  placed  in  the  coupling 
at  the  inlet  side  of  the  hose,  and  having 
the  proper  size  of  orifice  through  it,  will 
probably  give  satisfactory  results  for  the 
smaller  streams. 

The  experiments  have  been  made  with 
disks  having  orifices  from  9-16  to  1  inch 
in  diameter,  under  standpipe  pressures  as 
high  as  165  pounds,  and  with  50  and  100- 
foot  lengths  of  IJ/^-inch  linen  hose  pro- 
vided with  a  '>^-inch  smooth-bore  nozzle. 
It  is  highly  probable  that  by  this  or  sim- 
ilar means  the  desired  results  can  be  ob- 
tained for  all  sizes  of  hose  streams  under 
all  conditions  of  service. 

DRAINS. 

Each  hose  valve  should  be  provided  with 
an  open  petcock  arranged  to  discharge  any 
leakage  past  the  valve  into  an  open  drain 
pipe.  The  system  of  drain  pipes  should 
be  large  enough  to  carry  off  the  water 
while  the  petcocks  are  discharging  under 
pressure,  should  be  rigidly  installed  and 
connected  to  the  sewer  or  other  convenient 
place  for  the  disposal  of  the  water.  The 
discharge  of  water  from  the  larger  drains 
with  which  roof  hydrants  or  monitor  noz- 
zles are  provided  should  be  taken  into  con- 
sideration in  determining  the  size  of  the 
main   drain  pipes. 

ROOF     HYDRANTS     AND     MONITOR 

NOZZLES. 

Roof  hydrants  should  be  equipped  with 
25^-inch  hose  and  Underwriters'  play  pipes 
having  1^-inch  discharge.  When  the  hy- 
drants are  located  in  roof  houses  where 
there  is  no  danger  from  frost,  the  usual 
hose  valves  can  be  employed.  When  they 
extend  through  the  roof  and  cannot  be  pro- 
tected from  frost,  the  water  should  be  con- 
trolled by  gate  valves  under  the  roof,  and 
the  hose  stored  in  ventilated  metal  or 
metal-clad  hose  houses.  The  gate  valves 
should  be  operated  by  rods  extending 
through  the  roof  and  provided  with  drains 
so  arranged  that  they  will  automatically 
drain  the  hydrants  when  the  water  is  shut 
off. 

Monitor  nozzles  will  usually  be  exposed 
to  freezing  and  the  water  should  be  con- 
trolled by  gate  valves  located  imder  the 
roof,  similar  to  those  described  for  roof 
hydrants  which  are  subject  to  frost.  As 
these  nozzles  are  usually  employed  to  fur- 
nish heavy  streams  in  commanding  posi- 
tions and  are  intended  for  use  by  trained 
firemen,  and  as  the  size  of  the  stream  is 
largely  governed  by  conditions  of  exposure. 
Fire  Department  officials  should  be  con- 
sulted before  their  installation. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


ADAMS  EXPRESS  COMPANY      BUILDING.   A   PORTION  OF  THE  GRAND  CENTRAL 

IMPROVEMKNT  AT  ISTH  TO  50TH  STREETS  AND  LEXINGTON  AVENUE, 

NEW  YORK  CITY. 


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THE  MASONIC  HALL  BUILDING,  NEW  YORK 

OF  FIREPROOF  AND  FOOLPROOF  CONSTRUCTION 
H.  P.  KNOWLES,  Architect 


A  BUILDING  in  itself  non-combust- 
ible and  fibred  to  prevent  the 
combustion  of  its  contents  from  what- 
ever source  as  fully  as  possible,  as  well 
as  being  so  designed  as  to  be  nearly  fool- 
proof in  case  of  a  panic  among  numerous 
employees,  has  been  erected  on  the  cor- 
ner of  23rd  Street  and  Sixth  Avenue 
the  site  long  occupied  by  the  old  Ma- 
sonic Temple.  The  building  is  known 
as  the  Masonic  Hall  Building  and  it  ad- 
joins and  is  connected  with  the  Masonic 
Hali  which  faces  on  24th  Street.  That  it 
is  a  part  of  this  building  is  felt  more 
than  seen,  as  we  view  it  from  the  street. 
While  it  is  distinctly  a  loft  building  in  its 
appearance,  its  materials  reveal  its  rela- 
tion to  its  more  elaborate  and  beautiful 
sister.  To  express  the  purpose  of  the 
Fraternity  building,  Mr.  Knowles  has 
given  us  on  24th  Street  an  elaborate 
facade  which  tells  us,  in  a  way,  of  the 
arrangements  within  and  defines  the 
purpose  of  the  building. 

Using  the  same  blood  and  bone,  lime- 
stone, tapestry  brick  and  terra-cotta,  on 
the  23rd  Street  comer,  we  behold  the 
plainer  if  more  stalwart  structure.  In 
construction  the  building  is  steel  framed 
with  a  floor  system  of  12-inch  terra- 
cotta arches  of  about  5-foot  span.  The 
trim  throughout  the  building  is  fire-re- 
sistive, and  it  may  be  said  that  the  only 
piece  of  wood  that  entered  into  the  con- 
struction was  the  hand-rail  of  the  main 
stairs.  All  doors  are  hollow  steel  and 
all  the  court  and  side  facing  windows 
are  hollow  metal  glazed  with  wire  glass. 
The  street  facing  windows  are  kala- 
meined,  glazed  with  plain  glass.  The 
floors  are  concrete  surfaced,  and  the  in- 


terior wall  finish  throughout  is  plain 
plaster. 

A  comparison  of  the  two  plans  which 
show  divided  and  undivided  stories, 
shows  that  the  elevator  and  stair  halls 
are  accessible  readily  from  all  portions 
of  the  floor.  There  are  four  passenger 
elevators  and  five  freight  elevators,  and 
there  are  four  flights  of  stairs,  all  of 
which  are  enclosed  in  fireproof  halls  shut 
off  from  each  floor  by  a  swinging  fire 
door.  There  are  19  stories  to  the  build- 
ing. The  ceiling  heights  are  11  feet  in 
the  clear  and  the  floor  areas  approxi- 
mate 14,000  square  feet. 

The  inner  court  which  is  lined  with 
light-face  brick,  contains  a  stairway  of 
interesting  construction.  It  is  entirely 
built  of  iron  and  is  enclosed  in  an  iron 
and  wire-glass  partition.     It  is  entirely 


BULLETIN  BOARD  FOR  THK  LODGE  ROOMS 

IN  THE  23RD  STREET  ENTRANCE. 
BuUelln  Board:  U.  S.  Changeable  Si^n  Co. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


c.a    J' 


3^1=1] 


MASONIC  HALL  BUILDING 


MASONIC    HALL.    BUII.UING,    NORTHEAST    CORNER    OF    Z3D    STREET    AND    8TH 

AVENUE,    NEW    YORK. 
Builders:     George  A.  Fuller  Company,  H.  P.  Knowles.  Architect- 

Copper  Cornices  ntid  Kooflnn:     Herrmann  &  Graco  Co. 
Grlnnell  Automatic  Sprlnklor  Equipment. 
ArcblCectural   Terra-Cottn;    Federal   Terra-Cotta   Co. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


31 

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MASONIC  HALL  BUILDING 


THE  EXCELSIOR  BANK  OCCUI'VING  THE  CORNFR   OF  THE   MASONIC   HALL 
BUILDING. 
Marble;  Cork  ft  Zlcha  Marble  Co.  H.  P.  Knowles,  Architect. 

Orlnnell  Automatic  Sprinkler  Equipment. 
Orant  Overhead  Pulleys  Used. 


336 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


outside  of  the  building  and  is  entered 
from  each  floor  by  a  swinging  fire  door 
which  is  opened  by  a  push  bar  door  lock 
so  that  the  door  is  never  closed  from  the 
inside.  All  other  hallway  doors  are  of 
the  same  swing  type  kept  closed  by 
spring  door  checks.  The  entrance  be- 
tween this  new  building  and  the  pre- 
viously built  portion  on  24th  Street  is 
through  a  public  hall. 

On  every  story  there  is  a  double  set 
of  fire  doors,  one  sliding  door  and  a  pair 
of  swinging  doors,  all  held  open  on 
fusible  links  so  that  in  case  of  fire  they 
will  immediately  close,  isolating  the  two 
buildings.  This  requirement  was  made 
so  as  to  obtain  the  best  rates  of  insur- 
ance on  the  new  wing  which  is  pro- 
tected by  an  automatic  sprinkler  equip- 
ment. 

Every  portion  of  the  new  building  is 
protected  by  automatic  sprinklers,  and 
this  system  which  was  put  in  by  the  Gen- 
eral Fire  Extinguisher  Company,  com- 
plies with  the  requirements  of  the 
Building  Department  and  those  of  the 
Board  of  Fire  Underwriters  so  that  this 
building  has  the  lowest  possible  rate  of 
insurance  for  a  building  of  its  class. 
This  sprinkler  system  is  entirely  fed  by 
pressure  tanks  with  provision  for  con- 
nection to  the  street  service.  There  are 
no  gravity  tanks. 

The  entrance  hallway  is  somewhat 
elaborately  treated  with  panels  of  Sky- 
ros  marble  framed  in  grey  Sienna.  The 
walls  are  cream  tinted  above  the  marble 


wainscot,  the  elevator  fronts  are  of 
bronze  and  the  stair  rail  is  of  ornamental 
black  iron.  This  hall  has  through  con- 
nection to  the  24th  Street  building  and  is 
exceptionally  commodious  for  the  type 
of  building. 

The  corner  of  the  ground  floor  of  the 
building  is  occupied  by  the  Excelsior 
Savings  Bank  which  has  a  brightly  de- 
signed banking  room  which  is  extremely 
attractive.  The  banking  counter  is  of 
Breche  Violette  and  Bottocino  marble 
with  grills  of  bright  bronze.  The  floor 
is  of  marble  mosaic,  a  finish  which  is 
used  throughout  the  principal  hallways 
of  the  building.  The  walls  and  ceiling 
of  the  bank  are  white  with  a  banded 
decoration  in  gold. 

The  builders  of  the  Masonic  Hall 
Building  were  the  George  A.  Fuller 
Company.  The  exterior  architectural 
terra-cotta  was  supplied  by  the  Federal 
Terra  Cotta  Company.  The  Herrmann 
&  Grace  Company  did  the  copper  cor- 
nices and  roofing.  The  Leonard  Sheet 
Metal  Works,  Inc.,  supplied  the  fire- 
proof doors  and  windows. 

In  the  main  part  of  the  building  the 
marble  was  supplied  by  the  R.  C.  Fisher 
Company,  but  in  the  bank  the  Cork  & 
Zicha  Marble  Company  did  the  marble 
work.  The  bulletin  boards  were  installed 
by  the  U.  S.  Changeable  Sign  Co.  The 
ornamental  iron  work  was  done  by  The 
Winslow  Bros.  Company.  The  total 
cost  of  construction  slightly  exceeded 
$1,000,000. 


APARTMENT   HOUSE 


Corbin  Hardware. 


ARCHITECTURE  AXD  BUILDING 


UVNSBY  BUILDING 


Star  expansion  Bolts  Used. 

Evana'   "Crescent"   Expansion    BdHk  Used. 

ChlcaKD  Triplex  Butts  and  Hlngee. 


ASCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


A    CALIFORNIA    DIV FLUNG. 


.S.VI.NT  ANTHONYS  CHURCH.  VAN  NBST.  NEW  YORK. 


A  CALIFORNIA  DWELLING 


THE  adaptation  of  the  Swiss  type  of 
cottage  is  not  uncommon  in  Cali- 
fornia at  the  present  day,  and  in  this 
building  we  see  a  very  broad  generaliza- 
tion of  the  Swiss  chalet.  Mr.  C.  \V. 
McCall,  the  architect,  has  preserved  only 
the  general  outlines.  His  treatment  is 
very  free,  yet  the  spirit  of  the  chalet 
seems  present. 

The  house  is  of  frame  construction, 
covered  with  steel  lath  which  carries 
three  coats  of  cement  plaster.  The  tim- 
bered effect  is  pro<luced  with  undressed 


wooden  battens  stained  a  Van  Dyke 
brown.  The  plan  of  the  first  floor  is  an 
open  one  adapted  to  a  warm  climate.  The 
living  room  and  hall  have  beamed  ceil- 
ings and  in  the  living  room,  opposite 
the  opening  from  the  hall,  there  is  a 
great  fireplace  with  ingle  nooks.  In  the 
dining  room  there  are  built-in  buffets 
and  in  the  library  there  are  built-in  book- 
cases. It  is  stated  by  the  architect  that 
this  house  could  be  erected  at  the  pres- 
ent cost  of  material  for  about  $7,000  in 
southern  California. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND  BUILDING- 


The  Lofty  Automatic  Sprinkler  Equipment  of  the  Bankers* 
Trust  Company 


THE  pyramidal  top  of  the  Bankers" 
Trust  Company  is  fast  becoming 
a  familiar  sight,  and  is  passed  over  by 
the  layman  with  the  comment  that  it  is 
intended  as  an  architectural  adornment 
and  probably  isn't  used  for  anything. 
Such,  however,  is  not  the  case.  The  en- 
tire interior  of  this  surmounting  pyramid 
is  made  use  of  and  to  the  fire-protection- 
ist it  is  one  of  the  most  interesting  parts 
of  the  whole  building. 

The  top  level  of  the  building  rises 
525  feet  above  the  sidewalk  and  its 
basements  extend  50  feet  below.  The 
building  contains  38  stories  above  the 
street  and  4  stories  below.    Throughout 


the  construction  the  most  recent  develop- 
ments of  correct  fireproofing  have  been 
employed,  and  everything  that  could  be 
considered  as  a  safeguard  against  fire 
in  such  a  building  has  been  made  use  of. 
Within  the  pyramid  at  the  top  are  in- 
cluded the  32nd  to  37th  stories,  and 
these  stories  consist  of  a  series  of  vaults 
wherein  there  are  stored  valuable  papers 
and  records  of  the  Bankers'  Trust  Com- 
pany. As  to  the  vaults  themselves,  there 
is  little  to  say,  for  in  their  construction 
there  is  no  combustible  material.  How- 
ever, the  inflammable  contents  of  papers 
and  records  might  easily  be  destroyed 
within    a    vault   at   a   very   great    loss, 


■ 

= 

.,.««._ti>Ti 

c..y 

Op"          1 

ji .               1 1 

R 

1 

-- 

j( 

1     1 

\                A 

I 

X] 

_L 

==^ii 

P- 

1    1   i 

[1 

1    1 

3                < 

.  1  -■• 

•  1  <r 

■* "" 

■- " " "^  l| 

Plan  ot  the 


BANKERS'    TRDST   CO. 

a  story  wHh  the  Exception  of  the  Upper  Right  Hand  Corner  W 
Is  ot  the   32nd  Stnry  to  Show  the  Sources  ot  Water  Supply. 


344 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


and  to  provide  against  this  contingency 
an  automatic  sprinkler  system  has  been 
installed  in  the  six  stories  mentioned. 

This  sprinkler  equipment  is  unusual  in 
that  it  is  undoubtedly  situated  at  the 
highest  point  in  any  building  in  the 
world.  It  furnishes  protection  to  prop- 
erty at  a  height  at  which  the  fire  depart- 
ment would  be  absolutely  helpless  work- 
ing from  any  external  source.  The  plan 
given  shows  the  sprinkler  system  as  in- 
stalled on  the  33rd  story.  As  the  stories 
ascend  they  decrease  in  area  because  of 
the  pyramidal  form  of  the  structure 
which  consequently  reduces  extensively 
the  area  in  square  feet  per  floor  as  we 
reach  the  top.  The  following  list  gives 
the  number  of  Grinnell  automatic  sprink- 
ler heads  on  each  story. 

32nd  floor 35 


33rd 
34th 
35th 
36th 
37th 


49 
40 
20 
13 
6 


Total 163 

The  installation  of  the  pipes  and  the 
placing  of  the  heads  follows  the  usual 
regulations  for  such  work,  and  the  in- 
terest centers  more  in  the  source  of  sup- 
ply, as  it  is  no  small  problem  to  main- 
tain and  continue  a  sufficient  supply  of 
water  at  a  point  around  500  feet  above 
the  surface  level.  The  supply  may  be 
said  to  come  from  three  separate 
sources.  First,  there  are  two  1,250-gal- 
lon,  steel  pressure  tanks,  one  of  which  is 
located  on  the  32nd  floor  and  the  other 
on  the  37th  floor.  In  the  upper  right  hand 


corner  of  the  plan  given  is  shown  a  por- 
tion of  the  32nd  story  which  contains 
one  of  the  pressure  tanks.  There  is  also 
shown  in  the  plan  the  riser  which  fur- 
nishes the  supply  from  the  surface  levels. 
These  two  pressure  tanks  will  exert  a 
pressure  on  the  sprinklers  of  at  least  75 
lbs.  to  the  square  inch. 

The  second  source  of  water  supply  to 
the  sprinkler  system  comes  from  the  high 
pressure  pumps  of  250  gallons  per  minute 
capacity  each,  which  are  located  in  the 
sub-basement  and  take  their  supply  di- 
rectly from  the  city  mains. 

The  third  source  of  supply  may  be  said 
to  be  an  auxiliary  emergency  source  and 
consists  of  a  Siamese  fire  department 
steamer  connection  outside  the  building 
at  the  street  level,  to  which  the  fire  de- 
partment can  connect  a  steamer  and 
pump  from  an  outside  hydrant  connec- 
tion a  sufficient  volume  of  water  to  di- 
rectly supply  this  lofty  sprinkler  system. 

This  is  to  our  knowledge  the  first  time 
that  an  automatic  sprinkler  equipment 
has  been  installed  in  a  building  for  the 
primary  purpose  of  protecting  valuable 
papers  and  records  stored  at  so  great 
a  height,  and  it  is  a  proof  of 
the  growing  reliance  placed  in  sprinkler 
systems  for  the  checking  of  a  fire  at 
its  inception  that  this  system  has  been  in- 
stalled. The  General  Fire  Extinguisher 
Company,  who  installed  this  system,  be- 
lieve that  an  automatic  sprinkler  system 
will  give  the  best  possible  protection  for 
such  purposes  and  that  the  initiative  of 
the  Bankers'  Trust  Company  in  thus 
equipping  their  building  will  be  followed 
bv  other  builders  in  the  future. 


AN  INTERESTING  CHIMNEY  PROBLEM 


IN  the  study  for  the  new  Engineering 
Hall  of  the  Carnegie  Institute  of 
Technology  which  is  situated  in  Schen- 
ley  Park,  Pittsburg,  a  very  interesting 
solution  of  an  architectural  problem  is 
presented.  The  architect,  Mr.  Henry  F. 
Hornbostel,  realized  that  the  large  stack 
which  is  a  necessary  requisite  of  a  power 
house,  would  be  extremely  offensive  amid 
the  surroundings  of  a  fine  group  of  well- 
designed  buildings  and  the  picturesque 
scenery  of  the  park  itself.  To  avoid  this 
incongruity  the  solution  shown  by  the 
model  was  developed.  This  building  in- 
cludes a  power  house  and  the  Depart- 
ments of  Mechanical  and  Electrical  En- 
gineering of  the  School  of  Applied 
Sciences.     The  topography  of  the  site 


necessitated  the  placing  of  the  front 
entrance  of  the  building  two  stones 
above  its  lowest  level,  and  this  is  shown 
by  the  model.  This  building  is  of  great 
imi>ortance  in  the  group  architecturally, 
as  it  is  placed  at  the  lower  end  of  the 
main  axis  of  the  central  court.  It  is, 
moreover,  the  first  building  to  be  seen 
from  the  entrance  to  the  park,  and  in  a 
sense  it  forms  a  fa<;ade  at  this  point  for 
the  whole  group. 

The  development  of  the  chimney  into  a 
huge  central  tower  with  a  conical  top, 
which  is  flanked  on  either  side  by  the 
wings  occupied  by  the  two  technical  de- 
partments, gives  a  monumental  silhouette. 
An  inside  steel  stack  goes  down  through 
the  center  of  the  tower  opening  directly 


FOR    THE    NEW    MACIIINEKY       HALI,.      CARNEGIE      INSTITUTE 
TECHNOUlCJV.    PITTSBURGH.    I*A. 


346 


ARCHITECTURE  ASD  BUILDISG 


above  the  boilers,  and  about  the  stack  the 
main  stairways  have  been  developed. 

The  Mechanical  and  Electrical  Depart- 
ments of  the  School  of  Applied  Science 
were  combined  with  this  building  because 
of  the  facilities  for  study  which  the 
power  house  itself  afforded  to  the  stu- 
dents. 

The   question   of   vibration   from   the 


engines  affecting  the  delicate  machines  ol 
the  Electrical  Department  arose,  but  this 
was  overcome  by  going  down  with  their 
foundations  to  a  lower  stratum  of  rock 
and  packing  them  around  with  sand,  so 
that  there  should  be  no  more  vibration  in 
the  upper  part  of  this  building  than 
would  be  occasioned  by  engines  in  any 
buildii^s  in  the  vicinity. 


THE  AUTOMAT  RESTAURANT 


THIS  new  restaurant  which  is  located 
on  Broadway,  near  47th  Street,  has 
a  verj'  interesting  facade  of  terra-cotta 
and  ornamental  glass.  There  are  three 
floors,  basement  and  sub-basement.  The 
basement,  first  story  and  the  upper 
stories  are  all  used  as  restaurants.  The 
plan  shown  of  the  ground  floor  is  more 
or  less  typical  of  the  arrangements  else- 
where. In  explanation  of  the  operation 
of  the  restaurant,  the  interior  is  open, 
there  being  only  a  central  column  up 
through  the  building  to  break  the  floor 
space.  Tables  are  furnished  about  the 
interior  and  the  automatic  serving 
machines  are  located  along  the  back  and 


one  side  wall.  The  customer  on  enter- 
ing, goes  to  the  cashier  if  he  wishes  to 
make  change,  and  then  proceeds  to  the 
machine.  For  ordinary  viands  the 
proper  coin  is  deposited  in  the  slot  and 
a  turn  of  the  knob  throws  open  a  little 
door  and  within  the  compartment  which 
is  exposed  the  food  is  found.  Spaced 
about  the  interior  are  small  tables.  The 
only  waiters  in  sight  are  those  who  clear 
the  tables  of  dishes  and  keep  them  clean. 
Behind  the  automatic  machine  is  a  space 
for  .serving  and  refilling  the  machines. 
Dumb  waiters  connect  from  this  space 
to  the  basement  kitchens. 


AUTOMAT    RESTAURANT.    BROADWAY,    NEAR    47TH    STREET. 

muckeri  &  si 
intraotor:    John   Bovd   Plumbing  &  Heating  Co. 
cent"  Expansion  Bolts  Us^d. 


348 


ARCHITECTURE  AX!)  BUII.DI\'G 


In  construction,  the  building  has  brick 
exterior  walls  with  structural  steel  fram- 
ing for  the  support  of  the  floors.  The 
supporting  columns  are  shown  in  the 
plan,  and  are  of  Bethlehem  H.  sections. 
The  dotted  lines  in  the  plan  show  the 
girder  and  beam  framing  which  consists 
of  Bethlehem  girder  beams.  The  trans- 
verse girders  consists  of  30-inch,  180  fb. 
Bethlehem  sections,  while  the  longitudi- 
nal beams  consist  of  28-inch,  165  lb.  sec- 
tions. 

There  are  three  entrances,  a  centre  one 
and  one  to  each  side.  A  stairway  leads 
to  the  ba.sement  near  the  centre  entrance, 
and  a  stairway  leads  to  the  upper  floors 


near  one  of  the  side  entrances.  There 
is  a  stairway  for  service  in  the  rear,  and 
a  large  ventilating  shaft  in  which  the 
smoke  stack  is  included. 

The  general  contractor  on  the  Auto- 
mat Restaurant  Building  was  Cramp  & 
Company.  The  terra-cotta  on  the  ex- 
terior was  supplied  by  the  Conkling- 
Armstrong  Terra-Cotta  Company.  The 
ornamental  glass  of  the  front  was  sup- 
plied by  D'Ascenzo  Studios  and  the 
plumbing  contractors  were  the  John 
Boyd  Plumbing  and  Heating  Company. 
The  refrigerating  plant  was  put  in  by 
the  Brunswick  Refrigerating  Company. 
A'ictor  Goetz  was  the  engineer. 


FIR.ST  STORY    PLAN  OF  THR  AUTOMAT  REST.VURANT, 


ARCHITECTURE    AXD    BUILDING. 


Irrefutable  Proof  Tha 

Otis 
Inclined   Elevator 

CbI  Down  the  Time  uid  Coat  dI 
HenhaodiM  uid  FnUht  Handllni 

Read  this  letter  ;^it  show 
that  Railway  Freight  Sta 
tions,  Warehouses,  Factories 
Stores,  Steamship  Docks 
Piers,  etc.,  equipped  witi 
Otis  Inclined  Elevators  savi 
enormously  in  the  Time  ant 
Cost  over  other  method 
of  Merchandise  and  Freigh 
Handlln'^. 


Because 


ONE  Otis  Inclined  Elevator  will  move  MORE  Merchandise  or  Freight  in  a  given  time  Ihun  it  can 
be  moved  mechanically  in  any  other  way; — or  ONE  MAN  using  the  Otis  Inclined  Elevator  can  move 
MORE  Merchandise  or  Freight  in  far  less  time  and  at  tar  less  cost  than  TE>i  or  TWELVE  MEN  with 
trucks  alone  can  handle  it;— thereby  lessening  the  cost  of  handling  and  greatly  increasing  the  Company's 
capacity,  business,  and  income. 

Uung  the  Otis  IncUncd  Elevator  [the  miui  has  oiily  to  load  the 

I  rtst.    ''Ihenienwitb  trucks  and'hcavy  load's  are 'brought  from  lev")  u, 

I  level  quickly,  safely,  sjid  vi-ithuut  physical  effort.    No  time  is  wasted— 

no  a^Japn — no  Btroininij  at  the  gradu^no  contcestion— fAf  iewk  goes  01 
coHlinmrnily.  Then  as  quickly  as  unloaded  the  Otis  Inclined  Elevator 
carries  both  men  and  trucks  hock  for  mote  freiiht.  An  electric  motor 
liidered.  is  relativ'dy  small. ''^      '  "  '      ,  resu   s  con- 

You  shcSd  be  interested  in  this  better!  faster  and°ch™per'method'. 

Without  obligation  oar  Enginterina  Department  will  submit  pi'anj'and 
furnish  estimate  on  equipment  and  operating  cost.  Write  to  us.  Let 
us  show  )-ou  how  to  largely  INCREASE  capacity  at  DECREASED 

Otis  Elevator  Company 

Elorentli  A*«.  and  Tvrentr-Sixlk  St.,  Naw  York 

Offices  in  (11  Principal  riiiirj  of  the  World 
IVhen  wrlllng  AdvartKtrB,  please  mention  Architecture  snd  BulldinK. 


18 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


ONE  HUNDRED  BUNGALOWS— Published 
for  the  Brick  Association  of  America,  by 
Rogers  &  Manson,  Boston.  Paper,  8x11 
inches.     Price,   50  cents. 

This  book  consists  of  one  hundred  designs 
selected  from  666  drawings  submitted  by  ar- 
chitects and  draughtsmen  from  all  parts  of  the 
country  in  a  competition  recently  conducted  by 
the  Brickbuilder.  The  cost  of  the  brick  bunga- 
low was  limited  to  $3,000  for  the  building.  The 
illustrations  show  that  there  is  no  lack  of  com- 
petent draughtsmen  to  be  found  in  this  country, 
and  the  sketches  are  most  pleasing  to  the  eye 
as  well  as  fulfilling  the  requirements  of  good 
construction. 

The  prize  and  honorable  mention  designs  have 
been  shown  and  it  is  the  opinion  of  competent 
authority  that  all  the  designs  presented  can  be 
built  for  the  figure  set,  supposedly,  however, 
within   certain  localities. 


HOUSE  WIRING— By  Thomas  W.  Poppe,  New 
York,  Norman  W.  Henley  Company.     Price, 
50  cents. 
This    little    hand    book    contains    74    diagram- 
matical  illustrations  and  descriptive  text.     It   is 
a   book   for 'the   practical    workman,   and   shows 
wiring  plans  for  a  small  house  and  illustrations 
of  the  various  appliances  and  devices  used  in  in- 
stalling wiring  for  electric  lighting  in  the  dwell- 
ing. The  book  is  of  special  value  to  apprentices, 
helpers  and  electricians. 


HISTORY  OF  BRIDGE  ENGINEERING, 
by  Henry  Grattan  Tyrrell,  C.  E.,  published 
by  the  author.     Cloth.    Price,  $4  postpaid. 

This  attractive  subject  has  been  treated  ex- 
haustively by  the  author.  He  has  taken  up 
the  bridges  of  Egypt,  Babylonia  and  Persia, 
the  fine  Roman  arches  of  which  some  are  still 
in  service  today,  the  Medieval  bridges,  some 
of  which,  in  connection  with  their  fortifica- 
tions, required  considerable  engineering  skill 
in  their  solution,  Renaissance  bridges  which 
closed  the  ancient  period  and  bring  the  reader 
up,  in  the  author's  classification,  to  the  mod- 
ern stone  bridges  beginning  about  1750.  In 
this  chapter  he  treats  of  Blackfriar's  Bridge, 
London  Bridge,  High  Bridge  and  Cabin  John 
Bridge,  as  well  as  others  of  equal  renown. 

The  illustrations  of  these  bridges  are  some 
of  the  most  pleasing  of  the  book  and  one 
cannot  help  but  feel  that  the  product  would 
have  been,  greatly  improved  if  the  plates  had 
been    printed   on   wood-cut    paper. 

The  succeeding  chapters  deal  with  pontoon, 
aquaduct,  wooden  and  cast-iron  bridges.  These 
are  followed  by  simple  truss,  tubular  and  plate 


girder  bridges,  suspension  bridges,  cantilever 
bridges,  wrought  iron  and  steel  arch  trestles 
and  viaducts,  solid  concrete  and  reinforced 
concrete   bridges. 

Throughout  many  line  drawings  of  the 
forms  of  construction  are  given,  and  also  a 
considerable  number  of  reproductions  from 
photographs.  In  the  chapter  on  cantilever 
bridges,  the  author  does  not  confine  himself 
to  actual  structures,  but  tells  us  of  some  of 
the  mighty  projects  that  have  been  conceived, 
such  as  the  English  Channel  bridge  designed 
to  span  the  21  miles  that  separate  France 
from  England,  and  others.  The  book  through- 
out is  certainly  very  entertaining,  and  will 
make  an  appeal  to  the  layman  as  much  as 
to  the  engineer.  There  is  a  fascination  about 
a  big  bridge  that  few  people  can  resist,  and 
we  believe  that  to  many  people  Mr.  Tyrrell's 
work  will  be  as  fascinating  as  a  novel 


ARCHITECTURAL  STYLES  FOR  COUN- 
TRY HOUSES.  Edited  by  Henry  H.  Bay- 
lor,   New    York.      McBride,   Nast   &  Co 
Cloth.     Price,  $2  net. 

^^  The  symposium  gathered  under  the  title  of 
"Architectural  Styles"  consists  of  contributions 
which  have  appeared  from  time  to  time  in 
"House  and  Garden."  The  book  is  prepared 
in  the  usual  form  of  the  publishers— a  light 
but  bulky  book  with  broad  margins,  large 
type  and  good  illustrations  interleaved  be- 
tween. The  series  of  little  essays  is  written 
by  some  of  our  very  well-known  house  de- 
signers, men  whose  names  have  become  close- 
ly associated  with  the  American  home  and 
Its  development.  The  styles  considered  in 
the  book  embrace  most  everything  that  we 
are  apt  to  find  in  America  and  the  book  is 
one  that  should  be  most  useful  to  a  man  or 
woman  who  desires  to  build  a  home.  An 
architectural  style  that  is  in  harmony  with 
one's  ideas  is  a  most  restful  thing  and  is 
greatly  conducive  to  one's  peace  of  mind. 
We  believe  that  this  book  should  help  the 
prospective  home  builder  to  choose  well  and 
with  the  conviction  that  when  the  home  is 
built  it  will  be  satisfactory.  The  list  of  con- 
tents is  worth  while,  for  each  little  essay  by 
a  separate  author  is  of  equal  merit  and  they 
should  not  be  obscured  under  the  genera! 
title.  We  give  the  list:  The  Colonial  House 
by  Frank  E.  Wallis;  Modern  English  Plaster 
Houses,  by  J.  Lovell  Little.  Jr.;  The  Swiss 
Chalet  Type,  by  Louis  J.  Stellman;  Italian 
Adaptations,  by  Louis  Boynton:  Tudor 
Houses,  by  R.  Clipston  Sturgis;  The  Span- 
ish Mission  Type,  by  George  C.  Baum:  The 
Half  Timber  House,  by  Allen  W.  Jackson; 
The  Dutch  Colonial  House,  by  Aymar  Em- 
bury, II;  A  Style  of  the  Western  Plains,  by 
Hugh  M.  G.  Garden;  The  Northern  Trnii- 
tion,   by  Alfred   Morton   Githens. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


When    writing  AdvertlBers,   pleaHS   nisntlon    Architecture   and    Bulldlnff. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Art  and  Architecture 


NEW  PRKSIDKNT  OF  UNITED  STATES 
REALTY  &  IMPROVEMENT  CO. 

Wilson  Sherman  Kinnear,  the  new  presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  Realty  &  Improve- 
ment Co..  comes  to  New  York  with  a  repu- 
tation for  doing  lii^  things.  Mr.  Kinnear  in 
his  new  position  is  the  successor  of  H.  S. 
Black,  who,  although  retired  from  the  pres- 
idency, is  chairman  of  the  hoard  of  directors 
and  of  the  executive  committee. 

Mr.  Kinnear  was  horn  May  25.  1864.  at  Cir- 
cleville,  Ohio,  the  son  of  Richard  and  Mary 
(Crow)  Kinnear.  He  attended  the  public 
schools,  afterward  entering  the  Kansas  State 
University,  where  he  remained  from  1881  to 
1883.  later  receiving  the  C.  E.  degree  frotii 
the    Roard   of   Regents. 

.^fler  leaving  college,  he  entered  the  serv- 
ice of  the  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe  Rail- 
road as  an  axnian  on  construction  work  and 
after  that  period  served  consecutively  as  rod- 
man  and  draufihtsman  on  construction,  and 
levelman  and  transitman  on  location,  for  ihi' 
Southern  Kansas  Railway.  From  1884  to  1885 
he  was  roditian  and  assistant  engineer  on  con- 
for  the  Kansas  City.  Clinton  & 
When    wHtlnar   Advertlsprs,    please   r 


Springfield  Railroad,  and  in  1885  and  1S86  was 
assistant  engineer,  maintenance  of  way.  of 
the  Missouri  Pacilic  Railway  at  Kansas  City. 
Mo.,  and  succeeding  this  was,  until  .\ugust. 
1887.  division  engineer  and  office  engineer  of 
the  Gulf.  Colorado  &  Santa  Fe  Railway. 

Frotn  this  period  until  January.  1889.  Air. 
Kinnear  was  in  private  practice  in  civil  and 
hydraulic  engineering  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Early  in  1889  he  was  made  office  engineer, 
assistant  engineer  and  acting  chief  engineer 
of  the  North  &  South  American  Construction 
Company,  at  Santiago.  Chili,  S.  A.,  and  a  year 
later  became  assistant  engineer,  maintenance 
of  way,  of  the  Michigan  Central  Railroad,  and 
retained  ths  position  until  April,  1895,  when 
he  was  made  supervising  engineer  on  con- 
struction for  the  Toronto.  Buffalo  &  Hamilton 
Railway  at  Toronto,  Ont.  Following  this  work 
he  was,  frotn  January,  1896,  to  September. 
1901,  principal  assistant  enginee 
gan  Central  Railroad;  until  Jui 
ant  superintendent,  Canada  di' 
September  of  the  sarne  year 
general  superintendent;  from  September,  1903 
to  April,  1905,  chief  engineer,  and  was  then 
made  assistant  general  manager  of  the  road. 
He  was  also  chief  engineer  of  the  Detroit 
River  Tunnel  Company  and  vice  president  of 
the   Indiana   Harbor   Railroad. 

In  September,  1910,  Mr.  Kinnear  moved 
to  Kansas  City,  to  become  president  of  the 
Kansas  City  Terminal  Railway  Company, 
which  position  he  retained  until  May  1.  1912. 
when  he  was  elected  president  of  the  United 
States   Realty    &  Improvement    Company. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  Whitehall  Lawyers' 
and  Sleepy  Hollow  Country  Ciubs  of  New 
York,  the  University  Club  of  Chicago.  Uni- 
versity, Kansas  City  and  Kansas  City  Country 
Clubs  of  Kansas  City.  He  is  also  a  member 
o(  the  .\merican  Society  of  Civil  Engineers 
and  the  Association  of  .American  Railway  En- 
gireers.  He  was  married  in  188?  to  Caroline 
M.  Nichols  and  has  one  son  and  a  daugh- 
ter. 


r  of  the  Michi- 
le,  1902,  assist- 
'ision;    July   to 


HOWARD  M.INGHAM 

Industrial  Engineer 

SPECIALIST   IN    THE 


Simple,  Direct,  Effective  Methods 

Office  Management 
i6o  FIFTH  AVE.,  NEW  YORK 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


I.  MORITZ.  FVop.  TiMiBc  IM  PIbb 

Architectural  Metal  Worb 

SKYLIGHTS 

CCMINICES     AND     ROOFING 
CORRUGATED  IRON  WORK 

1192-1104  SECOND  AVENUE NEW  YORK 

In  the  report  of  the  Art  Coniniiasion  of  the 
City  of  New  York  for  the  year  1910.  which  is 
of  but  recent  appearance,  aside  from  the 
worthy  efforts  of  that  body  in  approving  mon- 
uments of  municipal  significance,  wc  find  a 
very  interesting  little  article  on  the  restora- 
tion of  the  Borough  President's  office,  which 
shows  the  restored  room  and  some  old  engrav- 
ings of  it  as  it  appeared  in  1831  and  186S. 
The  article  gives  a  very  interesting  little  bit 
of  history  and  makes  very  entertaining  read- 


CITY  PLANNING  CONGRESS  AT  DUESS- 
ELDORF,  GERMANY,  1912. 

Duesseldorf.  the  most  beautiful  and  modern 
city  in  Western  Germany,  known  as  the  "Park 
City,"  is  at  present  holding  an  exhibition  on 
City  Planning.  City  Operation  and  City  Ad- 
ministrative Functions,  which  will  continue 
util  October  31st. 

The  first  group  of  exhibitions  consists  of 
general  ground  plans,  traffic  systems,  such  as 
railways,  local  and  express  facilities,  elevated 
subway,  suspension  and  street  railways,  avia- 
tion stations,  city  embellishment,  bridges. 
docks,    parks,    lawns,    forests,   and    real    estate 

Under  City  Operation  are  grouped ;  Gas 
works,  water  works,  electric  central  stations, 
sewage  systems,  street  cleaning,  refuse  dis- 
posal, cemeteries  and 

Under  the  third  group, 
Functions,  are  exhibited  plans  and  models  of 
hospitals,  rescue  homes,  poor  houses,  lodging 
houses,  orphan  asylums,  homes  for  widows 
and  the  aged  and  infirm,  schools,  churches, 
museums,  art  galleries,  libraries,  concert  halls. 
etc. 


It  will  be  noticed  from  the  foregoing  items 
that  this  exhibition  is  planned  with  the  well- 
known  German  thoroughness  so  that  hardly 
any  subject  is  omitted  that  is  of  importance  in 
City  Planning,  City  Operation  and  Adminis- 
tration. 

OBITUARY. 
Kdmund  M.  Wheelwright. 

After  suffering  for  two  years  from  a  mental 
breakdown  which  developed  in  connection 
with  his  work  as  designer  of  the  Hartford 
Bridge  over  the  Connecticut  River.  Edmund 
M.  Wheelwright,  senior  member  of  the  archi- 
tectural firm  of  Wheelwright.  Haven  &  Hoyt, 
of  Boston,  died  on  August  IS  at  a  sanitarium 
in  Thompsonville,  Conn. 

Besides  the  Hartford  Bridge,  which  cost  $2,- 
000,000.  Mr.  Wheelwright  leaves  behind  as 
monuments  of  his  architectural  skill  the  Bos- 
ton Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  the  Cleveland  Mu- 
seum of  Art,  and  the  new  West  Boston  Bridge 
in  Boston.  He  was  57  years  old.  Mr.  Wheel- 
wright served  two  terms  as  Director  of  the 
Institute  of  .Architects. 


ERRATUM. 

In  the  July  issue  of  Architecture  and  Build- 
ing illustrations  were  shown  of  the  Free  Public 
Library  in  New  Haven.  Conn.,  Cass.  Gilbert' 
architect,  and  the  City  Library  in  Springfield, 
Mass..  Edward  L.  Tilton,  architect.  In  the  text 
on  page  292  a  mistake  occurred 
ment  that  Cass  Gilbert  was  t 
whereas  Edwarad  L.  Tilton's  i 
have  been  given.  Further,  the  i 
liain  M.  Green  Company  as  eng 
have  appeared  under  the  illi 
City  Library  building  in  Springfield  and 
below  that  of  the  Free  Public  Library  in  New 
Haven.  Conn. 

The  William  M.  Green  Company  are  en- 
gineers and  architects,  and  are  located  in  the 
Hitchcock  Building.  318  Main  St..  Springfield. 
Mass.  They  were  the  engineers  on  the  heat- 
ing   and    ventilating    of    the    Springfield    Li- 


architect. 
;  should 
;  of  Wil- 

of    the 


Thomas  Bruce  Boyd 

Bank  Equipment  Specialist 

286   Fifth   Avenue 

New  York 

Telephone  Madison  Squaie  6681 


FREDERICK  S.  HOLMES 

Bank  Vault  Engineer 

2  Rector  Street,  New  York 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Fireproofing   and    Fire-Protection 

MR.  G.  H.  STEWART 


STILL  BURNING. 

According  to  the  Journal  of  Commerce  and 
Commercial  Bulletin  the  loss  by  fire  for  the 
month  of  June.  1912,  amounts  lo  $16,103,450. 
which  is  a  substantial  reduction  from  the  losses 
of  $20,691,950  for  the  same  month  in  1911.  The. 
total  loss  for  the  first  three  months  of  1912  was 
$80,905,950  which  was  a  considerable  increase 
over  the  figures  for  1911  for  the  same  period 
which  were  $69,907,250.  The  losses  for  the  half 
year  period  of  1912  have  reached  the  total  of 
$134,417,750  which  is  higher  than  last  year's  fig- 
ures for  the  same  period  which  were  $139,691,- 
750  Still,  the  losses  for  April,  May  and  June 
show  a  general  decrease  and  the  losses  for  the 
half  year  are  not  far  in  excess  of  the  same 
period  last  year.  It  can  hardly  be  called  a  step 
in  the  right  direction,  however,  and  there  is  vast 
room  for  improvement. 

The  secret  of  reducing  the  national  fire  loss 
is  not  alone  in  the  better  building  of  new  struc- 
tures, but  in  the  fireproofing  and  protection  of 
the  old  ones.  The  possibilities  of  improving  the 
condition  of  old  buildings  are  far  greater  than 
might  be  supposed.  The  opportunity  here  offered 
for  the  enterprising  architect  in  sensible  altera- 
tion work  is  a  large  one  and  should  offer  a  field 
through  which  he  should  be  able  to  extensively 
his  '    ■ 


THE  NEWMAN  CLOCK  COMPANY  AT 
HOME  AND  ABROAD. 
The  Newman-Munderloh  Clock  Companv. 
Ltd..  of  No.  51  Victoria  Square,  Montreal, 
Canada,  has  recently  been  incorporated,  suc- 
ceeding to  the  business  heretofore  conducted 
by  the  Newman  Clock  Company  in  Canada 
and  also  lo  the  business  in  watchmen's  clocks 
conducted  by  Munderloh  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  of  Mon- 
treal.    There  has  further  been  organized  the 


Newman  Clock  Company.  Ltd..  of  No.  2 
Whitechapel  Road,  London.  E.C.,  and  No.  55 
Station  Street.  Birmingham.  England,  which 
will  lake  care  of  the  rapidly  increasing  de- 
mand for  watch-clocks  in  Great  Britain. 
These  two  new  firms  will  maintain  the  stand- 
ard of  the  products  that  are  manufactured  by 
the  Newman  Clock  Company,  of  178  Fulton 
Street,  New  York  City,  and  1526  Wabash 
Avenue,  Chicago,  who  have  been  manu- 
facturers of  watchman's  clocks  for  forty  years. 


FIRE    WASTE   AND   ITS    PREVENTION. 

An  article  by  Edward  F.  Croker,  late  fire 
chief  of  New  York  City,  in  the  "Scientific 
American,"  contains  the  following  self-explan- 
atory statement: 

"Every  skyscraper  and  large  city  building 
must  furnish  its  own  lire  protection,  and  all 
tools  and  appliances  for  city  firemen,  whose 
portable  apparatus  is  useless  above  six  or 
eight  stories.  There  should  be  a  complete 
system  of  automatic  alarms  and  automatic 
sprinklers.  The  installation  of  an  alarm  sys- 
tem would  have  prevented  the  delay  which 
cost  the  Equitable  Building  dear.  Sprinkler 
systems,  by  which  water  is  released  auto- 
matically and  an  alarm  given,  are  an  invalu- 
essential   where   goods  are 


able  aid  and  : 

"Building  ow 
all   possible 


must  be  forced  to  supply 
of  fire  protection.  Ten- 
should  demand  proper  sprinklers  and 
alarm  systems.  The  extension  of  local  alarms 
and  sprinkler  systems  should  be  made  com- 
pulsory, and  greater  restriction  put  on  con- 
ditions of  maintenance,  with  inspections  more 
frequent  and  rigorous." 

(Continued  on  page  26.) 


WHEN  you  need  Fire  Protection  write  to 
us  for  prices  and  we  will  save  you  money 

The    Safety   Fire    Extinguisher  Co. 

291-293  Seventh  Ave.,  NEW  YORK 

Telephone  Madison  Square  3350-3.15T 

MAKuFACTunaRs  SAFETY  FIRE  BUCKET  TANK 
Of  THE         SAFETY  FIRE  EXTINGUISHER 


TitinK  Advertlsera 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


The  Device  That  Revolutionized 
Modern  Fire  Fighting 

;  TOUR  great  grandfather  fought  fire  just  as  the  ancient  Romans  did.     He  formed  a  line— 
Y       passing  buckets  of   water  from   man  to   man — up  a  ladder  and  onto   the  roof.     Half 
1.      the  water  was  spilled  on  the  way,  and  half  of  the  rest  didn't  hit  the  fire  at  all.    The 
fire  usually  won. 


rOUR  grandfather  fought  it  with  a  garden  hose  ;  your  father  with 
both  had  a  fair  measure  of  success.  But  here  again  half  the  i 
the  way— spilled  against  brick  walls  and  chimneys.  And  lots  mo 
windows,  in  an  attempt  to  search  out  the  fire  at  long  range. 


1  heavier  hose  ;  and 
iter  was  spilled  on 
:  was  used  to  break 


YOU  don't  spill  any  water  on  the  way — it  all  reaches  the  heart  of  the  fire— and  it  puts 
the  fire  out.     There  are  no  windows  to  break — no  chimneys  or  brick  walls   to  drench 
— no  passing  of  water  from  man  to  man.    It  all  comes  out  of  the  sprinkler  head  and 
right  where  it  is  needed.    There  is   no  waste   of   water — and    no   waste    by   lire— for 
the  fire  always  succumbs. 

YOUR  fathers  piud  large  insurance  premiums.  You  don't— if  you  have  GRINNELLS. 
You  pay  only  half  as  much  as  the  other  fellow.  This  mflterence  pays  for  your 
sprinklers  in  four  or  five  years— then  it's  all   "  velvet." 

THAT'S  why  we  said  that  GRINNELLS  had  revolutionized  fire  fighting— because 
they  are  me  fighters  which  put  the  fire  out,  instead  of  being  put  out  by  it — and 
because  at  the  same  time  they  form  an  investment  returning  20  percent  or  more  on 
their  cost.     Soft,  isn't  it  ? 

Our  latest  publication 

Automatic  Fire  Protection 

shows  how  the  sprinkler  system  takes  care  of  a  fire 
— makes  it  commit  suicide,  in  fact,  by  turning  on 
the  water  which  puts  itself  out.  It  shows  how  the 
sprinkler  pments  large  fires  by  putting  out  small 
ones.      Write  today  for  your  copy. 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Company 

EXECUTIVE  OFFICES  :  PROVIDENCE,  R.  I. 

PlanU,  WBrehauaos  and  Asencie*  in  All  Prindp«t  Cit)«a  of  lh«  United  Stalea  and  Canada 

Steam  and  Hot  Wider  Heating  and  Power  Piping  Systems  Laid  Out  and  Installed 


1  Architecture  s 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 

ROCKWOOD 

SAFEH  LOOP 

SPRINKLER 


THC   TWO  HALVES   OF   THE 
STRUT     SOLDCRCO     TO-  tTRWT  SWHHO  WART QHI. f 

OnHIR.  APTBK  THE  LUMP  OF  SOLD- 

ER IS  MELTED  AWAY   FROM 
THE  LOOP. 


THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  UNIQUE  IN  THAT  THE  TWO  PARTS 
OF  THE  SOLDERED  LINK  ARE  HELD  TOGETHER,  NOT  MERELY  BY  A 
SWEATED  SOLDERED  JOINT,  BUT  BY  COVERING  THE  END  OF  THE 
LEVER  WITH  A  SMALL  PIECE  OF  SOLDER  WHICH  IS  MECHANICALLY 
BOUND  TO  THE  STRUT  BY  A  LOOP  OF  WIRE  RIVETED  THROUGH  ONE 
PART  OF  THE  LINK. 

THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  THE  ONLY  APPROVED  HEAD  THAT 
IS  INCAPABLE  OF  OPENING  ITSELF  BY  THE  BREAKING  OF  THE  SOLDERED 
JOINT,  WHICH  MUST  ABSOLUTELY  MELT  TO  OPEN.  IT  IS  THUS  IN  A 
CLASS   BY  ITSELF,  SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS. 


ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  CO. 

OF  MASSACHUSETTS 

MANUFACTURERS,  ENGINEERS   AND   CONTRACTORS  FOR  COM- 
PLETE SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENTS  USING  WET  OR  DRY  SYSTEMS. 

38  HARLOW  STREET  WORCESTER,  MASS. 


HEW   YORK                                   US  WILUAM  STREET              CHICACO  MM  SOUTH  MORSAH  STRECr 

MSTON             -           -           -             141  MILK  STREET              SEATTLE     -  -           -       ISC  COLUMHA  STRSTT 

BUFFALO     -                     M*  FRUBENTIAL  BUILDINO               MONTREAL  -           -      Itt  ST.  MAURICE  STREET 

When   wrltinK  Advertisers,   please  metit 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


"American" 

Enameled 

Brick 

Fireproof 

and 

SanitaiT 

Abattoir.   Naw  York  DTMMd  B«I  AMOdadon.  Ntw  York  Otr 

Thii  Abattoir  wa*  referred  to  by  ex-Presiderl  Rooievelt,  during  the   Meat  Tnisi  Investigation  o{ 
1906,  la  a  model  of  SANITARY  PERFECTION.     The  various  Departments  of  thii  Abattoir  are 
lined  throughout  with  our  Enameled  Brick. 

New  Editlnn  CaHJoguc  and  Boolilrla  Mnt  upon  tcqaat. 

American  Enameled  Brick  &  Tile  Co. 

Head  Office,  1182  Broadway,  New  York  atjr 

Leonard  Sheet  Metal  Works 

Manufaclurtta  of 

Bronze.  Copper  and  Iron  Clad  Kalameln  Work 
Roofinit  and  Sheet  Metal  Work  in  all  Its  Branches 

UndMwrlrm  Dnmaod  Window.  Approra] 
br  the  N.tJoiul  Bovd  it  Fixe  Unda»Tlt« 

Miun  Office  and  Works 

Head  of  Perry  Street               HOBOKEN,  N.  J. 

.,      ,                                                        Now  York  Office                                 Newark  Office 
OfficeandPHctoryoiLermaidShMt  Metal  Work.                   1113  Bn-dway                                 4S  Ciloioii  SiT«t 

KALAMEIN 
WORK  IN 
COPPER 
BRONZE 

AND  IRON 

Knoburn 
Company 

KALAMEIN 
DOORS 

FIRE 

UNDERWRITER 

WORK 

A  SPECIALTY 

office  and  Factory 

365   14th  St. 
HOBOKEN,  N.  J. 

ARCHITECTURE   AKD    BUILDING. 


Fire  Protection 


"'""'v.  b™.„,ml4i.cl. 


lednd   rji   life   fend 


Cataleguii,  cull  and  athtr  data  gladly  leti 
ta  appUcalien. 

John  Simmons  Co. 

102-110  Centre  St.,  New  Y 


HE)*   ifgiira  9aiiiti-Vriutfing  Jt  EnglafiTtng   (La. 

Mtniitamat    of     Wals-cnc'    Plinti.  CrsKnli    u)d     Canpsimk 
EooJiKen  *Bd  Exprtt  Cnbadon  in  Watn-praoiDg 

Ofig,  .Wa  'WtbMh  Bial  Jm FiItSBURGH.  PA. 

A  FIRE  IN  THE  BANKERS'  TRUST  CO, 
BUILDING. 

In  the  basements  of  the  Bankers'  Trust 
Company  Building  there  are  two  vaults  which 
are  at  present  equipped  with  automatic  sprink- 
lers. These  vaults  are  intended  for  the  pur- 
pose of  slorine  waste  paper,  of  which  there 
is  a  large  accumulation  at  the  end  of  each 
day  gathered  from  the  hank.  The  purpose  of 
these  vaults  was  defeated  in  a  rather  unusual 
way  by  a  fire  which  occurred  in  the  evening 
of  June  7  in  a  bale  of  waste  paper  in  sub- 
hasenient    C    of    the    building-. 

Employees  of  the  building,  anxious  to  con- 
clude their  work  for  the  day.  failed  to  plac: 
several  bales  of  waste  paper  in  ihe  vaults 
provided  for  the  purpose  and  left  them  stored 
in  the  hallways  before  the  elevators.  Th; 
paper  tire  that  was  anticipated  when  the  stor- 
age vaults  were  sprinkled  occurred  when  the 
paper  was  elsewhere,  with  the  result  that  the 
fire,  spreading  to  several  other  bales  of  paper, 
caused  such  volumes  of  smoke  to  rise  through 
the  building  that  a  fire  of  serious  nature  was 
anticipated  and  an  alarm  was  sent  in.  Th: 
lire  department  made  short  work  of  it,  how- 
ever, with  the  use  of  the  building  standpipc 
system.  We  understand  that  a  sprinkler  equip- 
ment is  now  contemplated  for  these  hallways 
in   front  of  the  elevators, 

THE   USUAL   FIRE. 

On  August  17th,  a  fire  occurred  in  a  seven- 
story  building  at  731  Bleecker  Street,  New 
York  City,  The  'building  was  occupied  by 
manufacturing  firms  and  filled  with  merchan- 
dise, and  the  (ire  burned  furiously,  producira 
volumes  of  thick  black  smoke  which  made 
the  fire  dilficuli  to  fight  and  imperilled  the 
lives  of  three  firemen.  Despite  the  high  pres- 
sure system,  little  could  be  done  in  checking 
the  flames,  and  the  building  is  entirely  wrecked 
with  a  loss  estimated  at  $200,000. 

If  we  must  have  fires,  why  not  have  a  rec- 
ord like  the  following.  We  are  publishing  a 
letter  which  is  quite  self-explanatory. 

January   12,   1912. 

The  Automatic  Sprinkler  Co.  of  America. 
123  William  Street,  N.  Y. 

Gentlemen:— It   may   be   of   interest   to   you 

to  know  of  the  successful  operation  of  our  .\u- 

( Continued  on  page  28.) 

Ginsolidated  Chandelier  Co. 

)IAHUrAGTI7REBE  OT 

Gas  and  Electric  Fixtures 

1S2-136  W.  14tli  SL  NEW  YCHtK  dTY 

e   mention   Archltceture  and    Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


The  Annual  Fire  Waste  in  the  U.  S.  exceeds  tJM.OW.OOO.    It  Is  estimated  that 
75%  of  this  loss  is  preventable  and  can  be  saved  by  the  use  of 

AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  PROTECTION 

Our  bualneas  la  the  Installation  of  Automatic  Sprinkler  protection ;  a  complete 
Are  fighting  apparatus,  operating  automatically  and  only  where  the  fire  is  located. 

"AUTOMATIC"  SPRINKLER  CO.  OF  AMERICA 

Executive  Offices 

123  WILLIAM  STREET  (Underwriter  Bldg.).  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Department  Offices,  In  Large  Cities 


Thomas  Morton, 


169  Elm  Street, 


Copper  Cable 

Steel  " 

Champion  Metal 
Steel  Champion 


New  York. 


;  SASH  CHAINS. 


CHAINS 


For  Smivu^ 


I  Heivy  Doors,  Gites,  etc 


ALL  of  SUPERIOR  QU*LITT. 


A'hen  wrlllns  Advc 


ilirn  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


FIFTH  AVENUE  AND  TWELFTH  STREET 

MAYNICKE  AKD  FRANKS,  ArchitKts 

THE  METAL  COVERED  WINDOWS  AND 
NASH  TYPE  UNDERWRITERS  DOORS  FOR 
■nilS  BUILDING  WERE  FURNISHED  AND 
INSTALLED  BY 

THE  KALAMEIN  COMPANY 


DETAILS  OF 

BUILDING 

CONSTRUCTION 

BY 

CLARENCE  A.  MARTIN.  Archt. 

A  collection  of  thirty-three  plates, 
ioxi2j^  inches,  giving  over  300 
separate  details,  covering  all  the 
ordinary  methods  of  building,  and 
in  many  cases  showing  alternative 
methods.  The  plates  are  models  of 
detailed  drawing  and  the  text  is  in 
the  forms  of  notes  lettered  on  the 
drawings.     Buckram.   Prtce,$2.00. 

WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO. 


23  WABREN  ST.,  NEW  YORK  CITY 


tomatic  Sprinkler  Equipment  this  A.  M.,  when 
a  fire  broke  out  in  American  Docks  Store  No. 
11  protected  by  200  sprinklers.  This  store  con- 
tained over  4,000  bales  of  cotton,  valued  at 
about  $200,000. 

Now  the  advantage  of  the  Automatic  Sprink- 
ler System  is  that  only  five  of  the  200  sprinkler 
heads  went  off,  and  although  the  building  has 
a  wooden  roof,  there  was  no  damage  to  the 
building  and  no  interruption  of  business,  and 
I  should  say  the  entire  damage  is  under  $1,000. 

Our  entire  plant  is  protected  by  about  12,000 
automatic  sprinklers,  and  this  is  the  second 
successful  demonstration  of  the  effectiveness 
of  your  equipment.  It  is  certainly  gratifying 
to  feel  that  our  property  is  so  well  protected 
and  I  am  very  glad  we  were  compelled  some 
four  years  since  to  install  automatic  sprinkler 
protection.    Yours  truly, 

AMERICAN  DOCK  &  TRUST  COMPANY. 
A.  B,  Pouch,  Vice-President. 

FIRE     BUCKETS    AND    FIRE    BUCKET 
TANKS. 

As  great  oaks  from  little  acorns  grow,  so 
many  a  tiny  blaie  becomes  a  conflagration 
which,  had  there  been  a  little  forethought  used 
and  some  small  advance  precautionary  meas- 
ures adopted,  need  never  have  attained  seri- 
ous proportions. 

It  would  seem  an  absurdly  simple  proposi- 
tion that  every  theatre,  school,  factory,  shop 
and  like  places  of  public  assemblage  should 
be  provided  with  fire  buckets  and  plenty  of 
them,  and  experiences  have  been  many  where 
the  presence  of  a  fire  bucket  at  the  right  mo- 
ment has  resulted  in  a  saving  of  many  dollars 
and,  what  is  infinitely  more  important,  many 

The  Safety  Fire  Extinguisher,  a  neat,  com- 
l^act  tank  containing  a  chemical  solution  which 
cannot  freeze  even  at  20  degrees  below  zero, 
is  extremely  effective  for  this  purpose.  It  is 
manufactured  by  the  Safety  Fire  Extin- 
guisher Company  of  291-293  Seventh  Avenue, 
New  York  City,  which  has  attained  a  high 
place  by  the  excellence  of  the  product  which 
Iheir  factories  turn  out.  This  firm  manufac- 
tures also  a  superior  type  of  fire  bucket,  and 
an  attractive  and  very  practicable  Safety  Fire 
Bucket  Tank,  or  container. 

It  is  said  that  40  per  cent,  of  the  biggest 
concerns  in  the  United  States  and  Canada 
have  installed  Safety  Fire  Bucket  Tanks,  and 
that  these  devices  are  to  be  found  in  such 
important  buildings  as  the  Bankers'  Trust 
Company  Building  in  New  York,  the  Christian 
Science  Publishing  Company,  Boston,  Amer- 
ican Telegraph  and  Telephone  Building,  in 
Boston,  the  Lincoln  Safe  Deposit  Company  in 
New  York  and  the  Western  Telegraph  Build- 
ing in  New  York. 

An  interesting  descriptive  booklet  showing 
cuts  of  the  various  types  of  Safety  Fire  Ex- 
(Continued  on  page  30.) 
hltecture  and  Buliainar. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


ELEVATOR  SHAFT 
CONSTRUCTION 

By  H.  ROBERT  CULLMER 

Assisted  by  ALBERT  BAUER 


Practical  Suggestions  for  the  Installa- 
tion of  Elevators  in  Buildings 


A  treatise  for  the  architect  and  builder 
covering  the  surveying  and  preparing  of 
detail  drawings  for  elevator  shafts;  ma- 
chine rooms;  elevator  bulkheads;  tables 
and  formulae  for  calculating  the  size  and 
capacity  of  elevators;  freight  elevators; 
sidewalk  elevators;  dumb-waiters;  specifi- 
cation writing  for  elevator  installation ;  ele- 
vator shaft  doors  and  appliances ;  building 
regulations  covering  elevator  installation. 


Elevator  shaft  construction  in  buildings 
Lr«ss«t,onoiE]evetBr  Shall  and  Buithwd.  hasnevct  bcforc  bccn  technically  treated. 
This  book  supplies  the  demand  for  information  on  this  subject,  and  it  has  been 
the  effort  of  the  author  to  supply  the  necessary  data  for  the  use  of  the  architect 
in  placing  an  elevator  equipment  in  any  building.  New  York  practice  is  fol- 
lowed, and  the  Building  Department  laws  and  regulations  of  New  York  are 
made  the  standard.  The  author  has  also  made  a  careful  study  of  the  regula- 
tions in  use  elsewhere,  giving  the  deviations  from  New  York  requirements. 
Specification  writing  for  elevator  equipment  has  been  covered  by  two  forms; 
one  a  simple  specification  for  a  single  elevator,  the  other  a  more  elaborate  equip- 
ment embracing  several  styles  of  cars  suitable  for  an  office  building. 

The  book  contains  most  practical  information  and  it  is  the  hope  of  the  author 
that  he  has  omitted  no  important  point.  Every  phase  of  the  shaft  problem  in 
building  construction  has  been  covered,  and  the  method  of  presentation  is  such 
that  ready  reference  is  possible  to  any  detail  of  the  subject. 

The  bcmk  is  in  companion  siie  with  the  Building 
Construction  and  Superintendence  Series,  by 
Mr.  F.  E.  Kidder. 

Cloth  bound,  170  pages.  Frontispiece,  47  dia- 
grammatic plates,  16  ijlui^tlalivc  platCB 

Price  $3.00 


The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co. 

23  Warren  Street,  NEW  YORK 


When  writing'  Advertisers,  please  i 


ARCHITECTURE    AKD    BUILDING. 


•5  Stoiiei  High 
Copper  Copnlcam  knd  Roofing  by 

HERKMANN     &     GRACE    CO. 

Fireproof  Doors  and  Windows 
Cornices,  Skylights.  Roofing 

671-689    BERGEN    STREET 

Established  1S70  BROOKLYN.  N.  T. 


JUST    PUBLISHED 

Practical 
Cement   Work 

By  W.  B.  HENRY 

PRICE,  50  CENTS 


Neatly  Bound  In  Qoth 

113  Pages— 4J*i6J* 

CONTENTS: 

Portland  Cement,  The  Unit  of  Purchase,  Stor- 
ing Cement,  Sand,  Aggregates,  Mortar,  Form- 
ulaa,  Mixing  Aggregatej,  Concrete,  Reinforced 
Concrete,  Form  Building,  Waterproofing,  Col- 
oring, Cost  Data,  Testing  Cement,  Foundations 
and  Walls,  Cement  Houses  and  How  ihey  are 
Built,  Cement  Plaster  and  Stucco  Houses, 
Water  and  Steam  Curing,  Condition  of  Sea- 
soning Blocks,  Sand  Lime  Brick,  Sidewalks, 
Floors  for  Cellar*,  Basements  and  Stables. 
Address 

THE  CONCRETE  AGE 

ATT-ANTA  GEORGIA 


tiiiguishers.  Safety  Fire  Buckets  and  Safety 
Fire  Bucket  Tanks  may  be  freely  obtained  by 
directing  a  postal  to  the  Safety  Fire  Extin- 
guisher Company,  291-293  Seventh  Avenue, 
New  York  City. 

The  Globe  Automatic  Sprinkler  Company, 
which  is  well  known  for  their  automatic  sprinkler 
heads  and  the  installation  of  automatic  sprinkler 
equipments  in  buildings  in  the  West,  have  re- 
cently opened  a  New  York  office  at  47  VV.  34th 
Street  Mr.  S.  F.  Weston  is  the  Eastern  man- 
ager. He  is  a  well-known  man  in  the  sprinkler 
business  in  New  York  City  and  there  is  no  ques- 
tion of  his  success.  The  works  and  general 
offices  of  the  Globe  Automatic  Sprinkler  Companv 
are   located  at   1610-1620  Reading  Road,   Cincin- 

THE    ARCHITKCT    .\XD    THE    FIRE 
WASTE. 

In  an  address  before  the  Boston  Society  oi 
Architects,  C  M.  Goddard  lays  particular 
stress  upon  the  good  work  in  bettering  fire 
conditions  which  has  been  done  and  can  be 
done  by  architects,  working  either  individually 
or  through  their  associations.  He  points  out 
that  the  whole  problem  is  based  on  the  care- 
lessness of  the  American  people  in  taking  a 
chance,  and  the  love  entertained  by  many  for 
the  almighty  dollar.  Only  a  few  years  after 
the  Collinwood  School  disaster.  Boston  de- 
cided to  change  the  school  building  require- 
ments of  strictly  fireproof  to  sub-standard 
fireproof,  because  it  cost  too  much  to  give 
absolute  protection  to  the  school  children! 

If  we  are  to  prevent  conflagrations  we  must 
have  better  tire  resistive  construction.  We 
must  build  so  that  fire  departments  may  con- 
fine the  fire  to  the  liuilding  in  which  it  starts. 
Inflammable  roofs  breed  conflagration^ 
through  flying  sparks  and  embers.  Unpro- 
tected window  openings  allow  the  spread  of 
fire  from  building  to  building.  Frame  sheds 
and  outbuildings  on  otherwise  fairly  good 
.structures  carry  the  fire  from  one  building  into 
another. 

To  offset  these  various  features  the  best 
internal  protection,  such  as  is  afforded  by  auto- 
matic sprinklers,  is  a  powerful  adjunct,  not 
n tinned  on  page  36.) 


I  THE   GORTON   WROUGHT 
STEEL   BOILERS 


Bl 


J  the  highest 

fuel  conmimption,  the  boilers  have 
a  aelf  f«dinfl  coal  mi 

beman   in   sapplyb« 

fire,  and  will  niaiatsin , 

and    a    omstant    iieat  (or  twdve 

hours  wittKHIt  BttoiCion. 

BtnitarealttiKiiBidineaUamtt 
ttT  ynu-Klf  tMr  tlvtrioritt. 

Gorton  &  Lidcennwd  Co. 

N  LIkwty  Stm,  REW  TOU 
BOHTON.  182  Elsh  St. 
Chicaoo,  Flih«  BMc. 

^ture  und   BuildlnK, 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Peter  McKay,  inc. 


Painting  and  Decorating 
Hardwood   Finishing 


Telephone  3110  Plaza 


Baiidmct  of  Vol.  E.  A.  Wall,  I 


UtUim.  Arehilttt 


It  Lakt  Oitv,  Ulah 


Fireproofing  a  Residence 

as  ornate  as  that  shown  above  requires 
great  adaptability  on  the  part  of  the  ma- 
terial.   This  requirement  was  met  by 

Berger  *» 


wt 


^ 


uJagoodniKuumu. 

Write  Nearaat  Bnnch  tor  Caialoftui 

The  Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  Canton,  0. 

New  York  "    "      " 

Boston 

Philadelpbi 


St.  LoL„ 
RanPiaacw 
Minoeapoli»    , 


CONSTRUCTION  NEWS 

Contrmctan.   MmtarlBl   Men.    BnUden,   Mmn 
tMCiinn,  In&el  Anybody  Inlereelad  In  ConiCrncW 
NewiofaUklnd.,  obtufn  from  our  daUy  rsporta  Qnlok 
BellBble  Information.    OnriiiKl&lcorTeipondsnta  all 
CTor  tha  eoontw  enable  na  to  give  par  natroni  the  newa  In 
adnnce  ol  thalr  i»mpelltoit  and  beton  It  bat  beoome 
'"^n*  fnov  wSm  ;on  want  and  va  will  Mnd  yon  lami 
and  qnale  joD  prlota. 

PRESS  CLIPPINGS 

Prea«CIlpplnB«onanymibJactfroni»UttiolBfdlii«L 
nntnempapen,  m«^D«l,  trade  Mid  tMhnio^JODrnBll 
at  tha  UiOtiid  Stales  and  Canada.  Pnbllo  te«itkui, 
Writera.  Modsnto  sad  anb  Women,  eu  aamie  re- 
liable data  for  tpaeehet.  eaaari.  debataa.  elo.  SpeeUI 
faollltlee  tor  HTvlnB  Trade  and  Glaaa  Jonrnala,  B^- 
toadi  and  larce  Indnitrlal  conioratlon*. 
Tbe  United  Statea  Praaa  Cllpvlaa  Buraa* 
1326-1834  Bapnblle  Bnildlns 
BUI*   and    Adama   8<«..   Ohleago.    PL 


STANLEY'S 

Ball  Bearing  Hinges 


Permit  the  doors  lo  open  smoothly  and 
softly  without  creaking  or  binding. 

The  hinges  will  never  wear  down   or 
require  oiling. 

NON-RISING  PINS 


Dixon's  Silica-Graphite  Faint 

Protects  the  struaural  steel  work  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildings;  American 
Woolen  Company's  Building;  Gimbel  Department  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
&  Trust  Company's  Building,  Savannah,  Ga. ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Com- 
pany's Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  numerous  other  structures. 
Write  us  fur  "  NelahU  'Building  Lut,"  and  olhtr  paini  Uuralurt 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jereey  aty.  n.  i. 


When  wrldng  Advert 


32 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


TSL2PH0NE     S86     MUBBAY     HILL 


Edwards  Electrical  Gonstruction  Go. 

39  EAST  42d  STREET,  NEW  YORK 

FOBMBBLY  OONTBACT  DEPABTMENT.  EDWABDS  k    CO.  ESTABLISHED  1879 


Industrial  Progress 

THE  INTERNATIONAL  FLOOR  MACHINE. 

Perhaps  no  greater  aid  in  the  overcoming  of 
numerous  obstacles  and  small  annoying  details 
has  come  to  the  builder  and  building  manager 
than  that  which  came  with  the  invention  of  the 
floor  machine. 

Prior  to  its  invention,  the  surfacing  and  clean- 
ing of  all  kinds  of  floors  was  extremely  laborious 
and  expensive  from  the  standpoint  of  both 
time  and  money.  With  the  invention  of  the 
floor  machine  a  marked  improvement  was  no- 
ticeable, but  in  the  earlier  types  far  from  satis- 
factory results  were  obtained.  As  type  after 
type  of  machine  was  invented,  improvements 
of  diflFerent  kinds  were  attained,  until  the  floor 
machine  reached  practical  perfection  in  the 
invention  of  the  type  produced  by  the  Inter- 
national Floor  Machine  Company  and  known 
as  the  International  Floor  Machine. 

The  International  Floor  Machine  is  a  compact 
piece  of  mechanism,  weighing  75  pounds,  and 
capable  of  grinding  200  square  feet  per  eight 
hour  day.  It  is  so  constructed  as  to  render 
easy  of  adjustment  a  wide  variety  of  tools  which 
enable  it  to  perform  very  far  reaching  service. 
This  machine  is  equipped  with  attachments  for 
grinding,  terrazzo  marble,,  marble-mosaics  and 
composition  floors.  Also  an  attachment  for 
cleaning  and  scraping  all  classes  of  flooring.  It 
renders  fine  service  in  removing  old  finish,  sand 
papering  and  cleaning  dance  halls,  bowling  alleys 
and  gymnasiums.  It  is  equally  effective  in  wax 
polishing  and  resurfacing  marble  and  composi- 
tion floors  in  hotels,  clubs,  municipal  buildings, 
depots  and  apartment  buildings.  These  facts 
will  show  the  high  character  of  service  which 
can  be  obtained  from  the  use  of  this  machine. 

Some  very  interesting  literature,  descriptive  of 
the  construction  of  this  machine,  the  uses  to 
which  it  can  be  put,  and  the  economical  and  sat- 
isfactory results  which  can  be  obtained  from  its 
use,  may  be  freely  had  by  directing  a  postal  of 
inquiry  to  the  International  Floor  Machine  Com- 
pany, 39-41   West  38th   Street,  New  York. 


ARBITRATION    RATHER    THAN    SUIT. 

A  recent  editorial  in  the  New  York  Times 
contains  valuable  information  which  we  be- 
lieve would  be  of  advantage  often  in  building 
disputes  between  any  two  of  the  three  parties, 
the  owner,  architect  and  contractor. 

"Do  all  business  men  who  hire  lawyers  to 
settle  their  disputes  know  that  the  Chamber 
of  Commerce  of  this  city  has  a  better  method 
— better  in  every  way,  short,  cheap,  and  fair? 
Mr.  Sereno  S.  Pratt,  Secretary  of  the  Cham- 
ber, asked  the  National  Association  of  Credit 
Men  at  their  meeting  in  Boston  the  other 
day  to  inquire  whether  their  clients  had  pro- 
tracted suits  at  law,  and  whether  their  liquid 
funds  were  shortened  on  that  account.  Of 
course,  every  credit  man  should  ask  whether 
a  person  seeking  credit  is  engaged  in  litiga- 
tion, and,  if  so,  why  he  does  not  try  the  more 
speedy  and  less  expensive  method  of  arbitra- 
tion suggested  by  the  Chamber. 

"The  Chamber  of  Commerce  offers  to  every 
business  man  in  this  country,  or  doing  busi- 
ness with  it  abroad,  the  facilities  of  its  Com- 
mittee on  Arbitration,  of  which  Mr.  Charles 
L.  Bernheimer  is  Chairman.  The  Chamber 
itself  commands  respect,  the  men  composing 
its  committee  are  picked  men,  judicial  and 
practical,  with  large  business  experience.  The 
fee  paid  to  the  arbitrators  is  purposely  re- 
stricted to  that  of  a  referee,  ten  dollars  a  da)'. 
The  hearings  may  be  in  private,  and  a  dispute 
that  the  courts  would  protract  for  months  or 
even  years  may  be  settled  within  a  few  hours. 

"The  voluntary  arbitration,  which  becomes 
legal  and  binding,  deprives  the  controversy  of 
heat.  Two  of  the  biggest  merchants  of  this 
city  this  year  selected  an  arbitrator  of  the 
Chamber  and  submitted  papers.  Before  the 
action  could  come  to  an  issue  they  found  that 
the  points  of  difference  were  not  great,  and 
settled  the  dispute  themselves.  In  this  case 
the  Committee  on  Arbitration  served  really 
as  a  Committee  of  Conciliation.  Above  all. 
lesort  to  it  overcame  a  disagreeable  incident 
quickly,  and  at  practically  no  expense." 

(Continued  on  page  34.; 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


Material  and  work  the  fttandard  for  14  jeun.    Our  reputatioii  tke  best  poailiv* 

evidence  as  to  eur  superiority. 


CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO., 


32»27  East  Mdi  St,  NEW  YORK 


When  writing  Advertlaera,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


JUST   PUBLISHED 

BOOKS  ON 
The  MANUAL  ARTS 

A  DESCRIPTIVI  CATALOa 

A  VALUABLE  reference  book.  Lists  and 
describes  260  of  the  best  books  on  the 
manual  arts;  includes  all  the  standard  and  the 
best  of  the  recent  books. 


;•■«.£ 


THE  MANUAL  ARTS  PRESS 

prrBLMHIRil     Aim     DBALnn     IN       UOORB     ON 

PEORU  ILLINOIS 


General  Specifications  for 
Concrete  Work 

As  Applied  to  Bnlldlntf  Constrnctlon 

By  WILBUB  J.  WATSON,  C.  E. 

A  book  of  great  assietance  to  Architecta 
and  Engineers  in  preparinf;  ■pecificationa 
for  reinforced  concrete  buildinga,  and  it 
will  be  found  eBpecially  iiaeful  in  the 
preparation  of  competitive  designB. 
Paper,  price,  50.50 


General  Specifications  for 
Concrete  Brldffes 

By  WILBDB  J.  WATSON,  C.  E. 

Theee  flpeclBcationa  will  meet  an  actual 
need  of  the  profeseion,  and  moat  of  the 
ideas  represented  were  gained  by  actnal 
experience  of  the  author,  to  which  he  haa 
addedsnggeationHofotberengtneers.  Those 

ErepariDg  anch  specifications  will  find  the 
ook  most  belpfnl. 

Paper,  price.  SLOO 

TIm  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co..  Pabllaher 
aa  WAXKEN  ST..  NEW  VOU 


Wben  writing  Advertlsera,  pleaB«  c 


Badger  Quality 

Copper  Hot  Water 

BOILERS 

are  all  that  can  be  de- 
sired  in  a  Range  Boiler. 

LONG  LIFE 
CLEAN  WATER 
Beaatifal  Appearance 

Every  boiler  is  tinned  on 
the  inside  and  guaranteed 
against  leakage  or  collapse. 

ffrile  fer  Catalog 

L  B.  Badger  &  Sons  Co. 

BOSTON,  U.  S.  A. 


INTERNATIONAL 
FLOOR  MACHINES 

WERE  USED  EXCLUSIVELY  FOR  SURFAC- 
ING THE  MARBLE  AND  MOSAIC  FLOORS 

iMTHE  BANKERS  TRUST  CO.  BUILDING 
Inlernational  Floor  Machine  Co. 

39-41  West  38th  SbteeU  New  Y«k 

lion  Architecture  and  BuHUIdk. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


THE  SNOW  GUARD  ALLOWING 

NO    STRAIN     ON    THE     SLATE 

WHY  NOT  SEE  IT? 

A  postal  card  will  bring  sample 

Fslsom  Snow  Guard  Co.  "•  'JISllIl^'^" 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

Flag  Poles 


Fittings 

Etc. 

Send  for  Catalogue 


THOS.W.JONES 


IVbphoM  OnHucMon 


ARTHUR  GREENFIELD,l^^p?r^ 


REINFORCED  CONCRETE  FLOC«tS 
IRON  FURRING  tai  METAL  LATHING 


NEW  YORK 


204  EAST  26tlt  ST. 


*/>  PRENTISS  ^«t. 

; CLOCKS ' 

t**        latl.  II.  92  Chunhers  St,  H.T.       ^i 


may    occur 


examination  will  be  held  on  September 
ind  12th  to  secure  eligibles  from  which 
titications  to  MX  vacancies  as  they 
he  position  of  engineeriny 
(iraltsinar  in  tiic  supervising  architects'  of- 
fice, Treasury  Department.  Particulars  and 
the  places  at  which  the  examinations  will  he 
held  may  be  obtained  from  the  United  States 
Civil  Service   Commission,   Washintiton.   D.  C. 


We  note  with  interest  that  the  tide  is  turn- 
ing in  building  conditions  in  the  city  o(  Seattit-. 
Last  year  to  date  showed  only  $4,513,935,  whili; 
this  year  shows  nearly  a  million  more,  or  S5.- 
498,315.  These  figures  are  inclusive  of  the 
month  of  July,  and  while  the  totals  will  not 
reach  the  high  years  of  1906  to  1910,  the  j-ear's 
figures  will  undoubtedly  be  an  improveineni 
over  those  of  1911. 

Germany  has  appointed  some  twenty  tech- 
nical assistants  to  her  consular  service.  Three 
of  these  men  arc  working  at  present  in  the 
United  States.  It  is  their  business  to  give 
German  manufacturers  timely  notice  of  busi- 
ness opportunities  and  to  answer  question- 
relating  to  manufacturing  and  export  trade 
This  enables  the  German  manufacturers  to  put 
in  bids  for  work,  send  samples  and  establish 
agencies  in  an  intelligent  way  without  the 
large  cost  of  exploring  the  territory  them- 
selves. It  would  seem  that  the  United  State- 
might  equally  well  equip  its  consular  sciA'ice 
with  similar  technical  assistants  who  would  A-> 
a  similar  service  for  American  manufacturers 
and  exporters. 

The  Merchants'  Association  of  New  Yor'-; 
has  again  arranged  for  reduced  fares,  the  la*'. 
series  of  which  on  September  7lh  to  10th  in- 
clusive, may  be  taken  advantage  of  by  mer- 
chants and  their  representatives.  The  partic- 
ulars of  this  reduced  rate  may  be  obtained  by 
addressing  the  Merchants'  Association.  Brief- 
ly, it  consists  of  purchasing  a  first  class  single 
trip  ticket  to  New  York  on  the  dates  given  ani! 
obtaining  from  the  ticket  agent  at  the  same 
time  a  return  trip  certificate  which  must  hi* 
signed  in  the  presence  of  the  agent  and  coun- 
tersigned by  him.  This  certificate,  with  prop 
er  identification  from  a  resident  member  of  tht 
Merchants'  Association,  entitles  the  holder  ti. 


e-half  r 


I  fare. 


e   and   Building- 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


■.iUmdi.iadhiTMiK.1.  EVANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BOLTS 

WITH  DOUBLE.  END  GMP  EXPANSION 


Grip  It  BOTH  ENDS,  and  on  ALL 
Cannot  work  loose. 

block*  ot  wood  I 


Sflnd  for  CaulDiui 

TSilS^"  F.  H.  EVANS  (s.;Trb"!„)31-33-3SH.«r.sSl.,BrooklTii.K.T. 


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Van  Dora's  Steel  Joist  Hanger 

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Steel  Buildings,  Wrought  Iron  Fencing,  Iron  Bridges,  Jail  and 
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BOYD    EQUIPMENT    COMPANY 

CONTRACTING   ENCINEBRS 

HEATINQ  PLUMBING  ELECTRIC 

COMPLETE  POWER  PLANTS  373  Fourth  Avenuc,  NEW  YORK 


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Main  Office:  220  Broadway,  New  York 


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with  machines  having  Bail  Thrust  Bearings  tliat  reduce  friction  and  increaic  power,  and  made  strong  and  durable, 
b  my  specially.  They  have  tilled  the  bill  (ormany  years  and  will  solve  ibe  vertical  transportatiun  problem  for  you. 

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Write  for  Catalog  and  Prices  J.  G.  SPEIDEL,  Reading,  Pa. 


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HIGGINS 


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(Continued  from  page  30.) 
only  in  confining  fires  lo  the  buildings  in  which 
they  originate,  but  also  in  keeping  them  out 
of  buildings  having  sprinklers,  when  ihey  orig- 
inate elsewhere.  Reasonably  small  floor  areas 
and  protected  vertical  openings  in  floors  are 
a  great  advantage. 

No  body  of  men  is  in  better  position  than 
the  architecls  to  assist  in  the  education  of  the 
public  along  the  lines  of  better  building  con- 
struction. Many  architects  go  abroad  to  study 
architecture  in  beautiful  cities;  on  their  return 
many  of  them  use  wood  and  shingles  on  build- 
ings they  design  from  what  they  have  gath- 
ered abroad,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  such  ma- 
terials (as  well  as  destructive  fires)  are  prac- 
tically unknown  in  the  places  they  have  visited. 

LUMBER  AND  THE  SOUTH. 

At  the  recent  forestry  conference  held  'n 
Nashville,  Mr.  Henry  S.  Graves.  Chief  For- 
ester of  the  United  States  Department  of  Agri- 
culture, spoke  as  follows: 

"In  any  consideration  of  the  industrial  de- 
velopment of  the  South,  the  problems  which 
stand  out  as  most  important  arc  those  con- 
nected with  agriculture  and  forestry.  The 
South  is  favored  with  climate  and  soil  espe- 
cially advantageous  both  for  agriculture  and 
for  the  production  of  forests.  Its  cut  of  lum- 
ber aggregates  some  twenty-four  billion  feet 
a  year,  or  over  half  of  that  used  in  the  entire 
nation.  Other  industries  bring  the  value  of 
the  products  of  the  forests  to-day  t 
of  550  million  dollars. 

"Louisiana  now  stands  second  ■ 
State  of  Washington  in  the  producl 
ber,  while  Mississippi.  North  Carolin 
sas,  Virginia  and  Texas  are  all  ahe; 
other  State.  The  lumber  industry  of  the  South 
employs  some  217.000  persons,  and  the  allied 
industries  require  over  200,000  more.  We  are 
dealing  with  a  problem  of  gigantic  proportions 
and  one  which  touches  the  welfare   of  the  en- 

"There  ts  no  region  except  the  far  Morth- 
wcsl  where  forestry  is  so  simple  and  the  re- 
sults so  sure  as  in  the  South.  It  is  entirely 
practical  to  secure  from  the  area  which  should 
be  permanently  in  forest  from  twenty  lo  thirty 
billion  feet  in  the  long  run,  by  annual  growth. 
if  the  forest  is  properly  handled.  Much  of 
this  area  is  in  (he  mountains  and  the  very 
management  for  timber  production  will  secure 
the  indirect  benefits  of  the  forest. 

"The  desired  end  cannot  be  accomplished  at 
once.  Our  efforts  must  be  organized.  We 
must  with  all  our  forces.  National.  State  and 
private,  endeavor  to  overcome  the  fire  menace. 
The  public  must  aid  in  the  matter  of  a  uni- 
form, consistent  and  sane  system  of  taxation, 
while  private  owners  must  accept  their  respon- 
sibilities and  handle  their  properly  in  a  way 
which  will  build  up  and  not  injure  the  inter- 
ests of  the  State." 

mention   Architecture  and    Building. 


inly   to   the 


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WALL  PLASTER  ami 
ORIENTAL  STUCCO 


WHITE  POR  BOOtXET 

Office  and  Factory,  HARRISON,  N.  J. 


The  literature  of 
Structures 

Theor;  «( Straclnres 

By  C.  M.  SpolTord.    Aug.,  1911. 
432  pp..  WOO  117»).    Covers  tun- 
damenlal  princ[pks  in  a  thorouKh. 
logical  manner.    Has  valuable  data 
and  tables. 

By  Edgar  Marburg.     Vol.    I.— 
pp..  H.OO  (17s).     Distinctive  for 

Kinetic  Theoiyol 

By  David  A.    Molitor.    3flapp., 
(.5.00  tais).   A  complelc  analysis  of 

WiUt,  Bins  and  Grain  Elevaton 

Nov..    IBM.    '556  pp."*i.0O  (17sj! 
An.^«book,    IlisagainthcsUTTd- 
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Steel  Mill  BniMlna 

By  the  Same  Author.    464  pp., 
*4.00(175.)     (■  overs  me Ihoda,    ma- 
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fiV  the  Same  Author.    SSO  pp.. 

SimpLB  Steel  Stractnreg 
Bridce  and  Structural  De«i<n 

By  W.  Chase  Thomson.    11  ed., 
1B2  pp.,    «200    (8,61.     A    simple, 

of  bridge  and  Etructural  design. 

Steel  Railwar  Bridiee 

By  W.  Chase  Thomson.    178  pp., 
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THE    NORTHWESTERN 
TERRA-COTTA  COMPANY 


MANUFACTURERS       OF 

ARCHITECTURAL 
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GLAZED    AND    ENAMELED 
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IN  THE 

MASONIC  BUILDING 

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WAS  MANUFACTURED  BY  THE 

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The  Terra  Cotta  is  of  a  limestone 
color  and  makes  a  remarkably  fine 
combination  with  the  red  brick.  This 
Company  is  producing  a  superior  grade 
of  material  in  vitreous  grays,  and  matt 
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Brlcklaylii|{ 

An  up-to-date  work  showing  the  heit  methods  of 
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eral  Important  Details  of  Brickwork.  PART  II.— 
Shoring;  Needling;  Underpinning.  B7  Owen  B. 
Maginnis.  Illustrated  by  150  cuts.  Cloth. 
Price  91.80 

Rudiments  of  Practical  Brick- 
layinfi 

General  Principles:  Drawing,  Cutting  and  Set- 
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Bricks  and  Tdes 

Treatise  on  the  Manufacture;  containing  An  out- 
line of  Brickmaking.  By  B.  Dobson,  M.  R.  I.  B. 
A.  Additions  by  C.  Tomlinson,  F.  R.  S.  Illus- 
trated  $1.20 

The  Practical  Brick  and  Tile 
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Brick  and  Tile  Making,  by  E.  Dobson.  Practical 
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Embodying  the  General  and  Higher  Principles  of 
Bricklaying,  Cutting  and  Setting;  with  the  Appli- 
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Walker 4JBO 

Practical  Masonry 

A  Guide  to  the  Art  of  Stone  Cutting.  Comprising 
the  Construction,  Setting-out  and  Working  of 
Stairs,  Arches,  Niches,  Domes,  Ac.  50  Litho- 
graphic Plates.  By  Wul  R.  PurchAse.  Royal 
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Art  of  Practical  Brick  Cuttinft 
and  Settinii 

By  Adam  Hammond.  With  90  Bngrarings. ...$.00 

Brickwork  and  Masonry 

A  practical  text-book  for  students  and  others  en- 
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in  brick  and  stone.  By  Chas.  F.  Mitchell.  With 
nearly  600  illustrations.  Second  edition,  rerised 
and  enlarged.  Cloth.  Price,  net $3.00 

Masonry  and  Stone  Cutting 

The  principles  of  Masonic  Projection  and.  their 
application  to  Construction.  By  Edward  Dobson, 
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The  Principles  of  Architectural  Design 

By  PERCY  L.  MARKS,  Architect 

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Containing  165  fnll-page  and  other  text  illnstratioiia. 

ThiB  work  is  very  fnlly  iiluBtrated  and  will  be  fonnd  a  great  aid  to  the  arcblteot  or  itadonl  of 
architectural  design. 

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ARCHITECTURE 


N^  AND 


BUILDING 


A  Magazine 
Devoted  to  Contemporary 

Architectural  Construction 


Septemb^. 

Vol.  44  ^  1^^   9 

1912 


i 


Fireproofmg  and  Fire-Protection 


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I  Architecture 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


K 


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3  (HE 


3QE 


Architecture  and  Building 


Established  1882 


A  continuation  of  the 
Architect's  and  'Builder's  Magazine y  1899-1911 


Continued  1911 


PUBUSHED  MONTHLY  BY 


THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 

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CONTENTS  FOR  SEPTEMBER 

Architectural  Resemblances 349 

By  J.  L. 

The  Hollow  Tile  Fireproof  House— X 353 

By  Fredeiick  Squires 

Failures  in  Building  Construction  and  Their 

Lessons — HI 362 

By  Edward  Godfrey 

The  United  States  Rubber  Building 367 

Carrere  &  Hastings,  Architects 

The  Architects'  Building 375 

T    T>  D   »T      •   r  Associate  Architects 

LaFarge  &  MomsJ 

The  WUson  Building 376 

Rouse  &  Goldstone,  Architects 

National  State  Bank,  Newark,  N-  J 378 

Cass  Gilbert,  Architect 

The  Otis  Elevator  Building 381 

Clinton  &  Russell,  Architects 


5 

o 

D 
Q 

o 

D 


m 


ADVERTISING    REPRESENT  \TIVES 
D.  R.  Gimbel 
Geo.  H.  Stewart  (Dept.  of  Fi  reproofing  and  Fire  Protecrion) 


EDITORIAL  DEPARTMENT 
Wm.  P.  Comttock.  Manaeine  Editor 
Charles  Warren  Hattinn,  Aulftant  Editor 

Frederick  Squiies,  Contribndnr  Editor 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


DON'T  FAIL  TO  VISIT 


the 


FIRE  EXPOSITION 
and   CONFERENCE 


At  MADISON  SQUARE  GARDEN,  NEW  YORK 
OCTOBER  2d  TO   12th— 1   TO   11   P.  M. 


[INCLUDING  NEW  YORK  STATE  FIRE  PREVENTION  DAY, 
OCTOBER    9th;    AND    COLUMBUS    DAY,  OCTOBER    12th 


1 


COWERENCE    ^  Conference  in  which  organi- 

zations  and  mdividuals  will  par- 
ticipate will  be  held  daily  in  the  Assembly  Hall. 

?Ii?TyA^ti^Kr      A  most  important  feature  will 

li>LlUCJA  I  lO^  1  •  r  1  1*  1 

be  a  campaign  oi  public  educa- 
tion— a  department  of  Fire-Preveiftife^nt' -^ 


t\ 


EXHIBITION     An  Exhibition '  ©ei^rtinentiwill 

DEPARTMENT'  ■      *■      ^r       xttt'TIj   "  ^i  i.    ttattt 

contain  the  NEW,  th^  VaLIj- 
X  ABLE  and  the  REST,  achieyements  of  Invent- 
ors and  Manufacturers,  including  a  Depiirt- 
ment  of  Fireproof  Construction  and  the  Safety 
Equipment  of  Buildings.  Awards  Ayill  be 
made  for  hew  and  meritorious  inventions  in 
the  various  fields  embraced  within  the  scope 
of  the  Conference. 

kl^^»^^2^i2»    To  insure  the  interest  and  at- 

tendance  OI  the  pub  lie — lite 
saving  and  other  exhibitions  will  be  given  daily. 


T/f: 


NEW  YORK  FIRE  EXPOSITION 

Telephone,  Madison  Square  9364  1269  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK 


When  writing:  Advertisers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Buildingr. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Building  Conistructioii 
and  Superintendence 

By    FRANK    E.     KIDDER,    C.  E.,    Ph.  D.,    Architect 


Part   1.— MASON'S  WORK,  Ninth  Edition. 

New  and  enlarged,  thoroughly  revised  and  rewritten  by 
Thomas  Nolan,  M.  S.  A.  M.,  Prof.  Arch.,  University 
Pennsylvania.  New  chapters  on  FIREPROOFING, 
CONCRETE,  both  reinforced  and  plain.  Foundations 
showing  most  approved  work  in  recent  structures,  etc. 
965  pp.,  628  illustrations,  cloth.  Price,  $6.00 

■ 

Part  II.— CARPENTER'S  WORK,  Eiifhth  Edition. 

Treating  on  Wood  Framing — sheathing,  windows,  out- 
side door  frames,  interior  woodwork,  rough  work,  finish, 
floors,  heavy  framing,  builders'  hardware,  and  the  large 
variety  of  detail  that  the  subject  covers. 
544  pp.,  525  illustrations,  cloth.  Price,  $4.00 

Part  III.— TRUSSED  ROOFS  and  ROOF  TRUSSES 

Second  Edition. 

This  part  describes  nearly  every  type  of  roof  construction 
commonly  met  with  in  buildings,  pointing  out  the  ad- 
vantages of  different  types  of  wooden  and  steel  trusses 
for  different  spans  and  building  requirements.  Special 
attention  is  given  to  description  of  wooden  trusses  and 
steel  trusses,  in  order  to  make  the  work  of  practical  value 
to  the  architect,  draughtsman  and  builder. 
294  pp.,  306  illustrations,  cloth.  Price,  $3.00 


the; 


WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 

23   Warren  Street  New   Yorlc 

When    writing  Advertisers,   please   mention   Arcliitecture   and   Building:. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


When  wrltlnE  Advertisers,  please  mention  Archltectur 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Alphabetical  I^ht^  of  Advertisers 


Page 

American    Enameled    Brick    ft 
Tile    Co.,    The 25 

American     Hardware     Corpora-    . 
tion,     Tbe     1 

Atchison     Revolving     Door    Co. 
The     14 

Automatic    Adding    Mach.    Co..  35 

Automatic     Sprinkler     Co.      of 
America 27 


Badger  &   Sons  Co,,  E.   B 33 

Bagues   Freres   Co 2 

Barnes  Co.,   W.   F.   &  John.!..  36 

Barrett  Mfg.   Co.,  The 19 

Batterson   &   Elsele — 

Berger  Mfg.   Co.,   The    29 

Bommer   Bros.    . . ; ." . . ." ; . . . ." . . .  ItJ 

Boyd,    Thomas    Bruce 21 

Browe   Company,    The    2 

Carter,   Black  ft   Ayers .37 

Chicago    Spring    Butt    Co 2 

Collins,    Francis    W 21 

Concrete    Age,    The    lo 

Corbln,   P.    ft   F 1 

Cork  ft  Zlcha  Marble  Co 32 


Dahlstrom   Metallic   Door   Com- 
pany      13 

Dewsnap,    William  D 35 

Dixon    Crucible    Co.,    Jos 31 


Evans.     F.    H 35 

Ewing,   Bacon   ft   Henry    15 

Federal  Terra   Cotta   Co 40 

Felton,    Sibley   ft   Co II    Cover 

Fire   Exposition 4 

Flake  ft  Co.,   Inc Ill  Cover 

Fitzgerald- Speer    &    Co.. IV    Cover 

Fitagibbons    Boiler    Co    29 

Fleisher  ft  Co..  W.  L. 27 

Folsom   Snow   Guard   Co 34 


Page 

General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.  23 

General  Kompollte  Co.. 6 

Globe    Ventilator    Co II .  Cover 

Gorton  ft  Liidgerwood  Co: 30 

Grant  Pulley  ft   Hardware   Co.  38 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 34 

Grimmer  ft   Son;  Charles 11 

Higgins   ft   Co.,    Chas.    M 36 

Holmes,    Frederick   S 21 

Hydro  Damp-Proofing  ft  Engi- 
neering  Co 26 

Ingham,    Howard    M 20 

Jones.    Thomas    W 34 

Kalamein    Co.,    The 28 

Kinney  Co.,   C.  M 14 

Knobum    Co.,    The     30 

II>ane    Bros.     Co 36 

Leonard    Sheet   Metal    Works..  25 

LfOomis    Manning    Filter    Distri- 
buting  Co IV   Cover 

Magenta    Company,     Inc 11 

Manual   Arts   Press.    The 3:^ 

McCabe    Hanger    Mfg.     Co 31 

Metropolitan   Electric   Mfg.    Co. 

Ill   Cover 

Miller,    H.    W 11 

Monument    Plaster    Co 87 

Morton,     Thomas     27 

Newman  Clock  Co   — 

Northwestern    Terra-Cotta    Co., 
The    38 


Pag« 
Otis    Elevator    Company 17 


Penn    Brass    &    Bronze    Works.  15 

Polachek    Bronze    ft    Iron    Co., 
John — 

Pomeroy   Co.,    Inc.,    S.    H 27 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  34 

Rockwood    Sprinkler    Co 24 

See  Electric  Elevator  Co.,  The 
A.    B 35 

Silver    Lake    Co II    Cover 

Simmons  Co.,  John 26 

Speidel,  J.   G 35 

Standard  Plunger  Elevator  Co. 

IV  Cover 

Stanley    Works,    The 81 

Star  Expansion   Bolt  Co 16 

Star    Fireproof    Door     ft     Sash 
Co.,    Inc 2» 

Stickley,    Gustav    40 

Tettenborn    Refrigerators 34 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com- 
pany       14 

United  States  Mine/al  Wool  Co.  27 
United     States     Press     Clipping 
Bureau   — 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co.,  The  85 
Voigtmann   ft   Co 2T 

Washburne   ft   Co.,   E.    G 36 

Wilson   Mfg.   Co.,   James   G....  16 
Winslow  Bros.  Company,  The. .  14 


JLT  r*ir^ian-i 


irsnroiEn 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Classified   Advertisements 

NOTE.— Every  dassified  advertifler  is  entitled  to  insertion  tinder  one  heading.    Under  extra  headings.  $5.00  a  year  eaeh 


ADDING  MACHINES. 

Automatic    Adding   Machine   Co..   310    Broadway, 

New  York 

ARCHITECTURAL  BRONZE. 

Bagues  Freres  Co 705  Fifth  Ave..   New  York 

Penn   Brass  &    Bronze  Works.   4<>  Penn   St., 

Williamsburg,   N.   Y. 
Polachek    Bronze    &    Iron    Co..     John. 

480-494  Hancock  St.   and  577-591   Boulevard, 

Long    Island    City. 

AWNINGS,   BLINDS,   ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co..  Jas.  G. 

5  W.   20th   St..   New  York   City 

BOILERS. 

Badger  ft  Sons  Co.,  E.   B..   Boston,  Mass. 
Fltzgibbons   Boiler  Co.,  .10  Church   St..  New  York 
Gorton   ft    Lidgerwood    Co., 

96   Liberty   St..    New  York 

BOLTS— Expansion,     Machine     Expaneion,    Mooring. 
Twin,   Toggla 

Evans.  F.  H...31-.^5  Hewe?  St..  Brooklyn,  N     Y 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co.,  147-140  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 

BRICK— Enameled    Front.      Hollow. 

American  Enamel  Brick  ft  Tile  Co., 

1184  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Carter,  Black  ft  Ayers 1182  Broadway.  N.  Y. 

Piske    ft    Co.,    Inc.,    40   W.    32d    St.,    New    York 

BRIDGES. 

Van    Dorn    Iron    Works   Co Cleveland.    O 

BRONZE. 

Bagues,    Freres  Co.,  705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York. 
Polachek   bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John, 

480-404  Hancock  St.  and  577-591  Boulevard, 

Long    Island    City. 
Winslow  Bros.  Co.,  The,  New  York  and  Chicago. 

BUILDING  CONTRACTORS. 

Fuller  Co.,  Geo.  A.,  Chicago,  New  Y'ork,  Boston, 

Washington. 
Starrett  Company.  Theodore.  103  Park  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
Stcen  Co.,  Thomas  J.,  30  Church  St.,  New  York. 

BUILDING    DIRECTORY. 

U.  S.  Chaageable  Sign  Co.. 3-7  W.  29th  St..  N.  Y. 

BUTTS.  BALL-BEARING. 

Stanley  Works,  The New  Britain.  Conn. 

CLOCKS— Synchronised,    Watchman's. 

Magneta   Company,    Inc.,   1955  Park   Ave.. 

New  York 
Newman  Clock  Co.,  The... 178  Pulton  St..  N.  Y. 
Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co., 

Dept.  11.  02  Chambers  St..  N.  Y. 

CONCRETE  SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co..  The Canton,  O. 

CORDAGE. 

Silver  Lake  Co Boiton,  Maaa. 

DAMP-PROOFING. 

Hydro  Damp-proofing  ft   Engineering   Co..    The. 
403   Wabash   Building.   Pittsburgh,   Pa. 

DESIGN   BOOKS. 

Dewsnap,   William   D.,   150  Nassau   St.,  N.  Y. 

DOOR  HANGER&. 

McCabe    Hanger    Mfg.    Co..  156   5th    Ave.,    N.    Y. 
Lane   Bros.   Co Poughkeepsle,   N.    Y. 


DOORS.    REVOLVING.    ETC 

Atchison  Revolving  Door  Co..  The. 

loG  Fifth   Ave.,   New    York 

DRAWER  SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

85  Warren   St.,   N.    Y. 

DRAWING  INKS— (Hlsglns). 
Hlggina  ft  Oo.,  Chas.  IL. 

271  kh  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  T. 

DUMB  WAITERS. 

Otla  Eltrator  Co 17  Battery  Place,  N.  Y. 

Spaldel,  J.  G......   ....•••.•••  ....Reading,  Pa. 

ELECTRICAL    CONTRACTORS. 

Boyd  Equipment  Co 373  4th  Ave.,   N.    Y. 

Edwards    Electrical    Construction    Co., 

39  E.  42d  St.,   New  York 

ELEVATORS. 

A.   B.   See  Electric  Elevator  Co.,  The.  _ 

220   Broadway,   New   York 

Otis  Eleyator  Co 17  Battery  Plaoe,  N.  \. 

Speldel,    J.    G Reading,    Pa. 

Standard    Plunger    Elevator    Co., 

115  Broadway,   New  York 

ENGINEERS,  ELECTRICAL,  CONSULTING,  BANK 
VAULT,  ETC. 
Boyd,  Thomas  Bruce,  288  Fifth  Ave,  New  York. 
Collins.  FranclB  W...50  Church  St..  New  York 
Ew^ing,  Bacon  &  Henry,  :iO  Church  St.,  N.  Y. 
Holmes,  Frederick  S,  2  Rector  St.,  New  York. 
Ingham,  Howard  M....160  5th  Ave.,  New  York 

EXPANSION  BOLTS. 

Evans,  F.  H... 31-85  Hewea  St.,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co.... 147  Cedar  fit..  N.  Y. 

EXTERIOR  PLASTER. 

Monumental  Plaster  Company. ..  .Harrison,  N.  J. 

FENCING  AND  RAILINGS. 

Van  Dorn   Iron  Works  Co Glereland,   O. 

FILTERS. 

Loomis-Manning  Filter  Distribating  Co., 

828  Land  TiUe  Bldg.,  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

FIRE    BUCKET    TANKS. 

Safety    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.,    The, 

291-293  Seventh  Ave.,  New  York 

FIRE    DOOR    EQUIPMENT. 

Lane  Bros.  Co Pougtakeepsle.  N.  Y. 

FIRE    EQUIPMENT,    GENERAL. 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St.,  N.  Y. 

FIRE    EXTINGUISHING    APPARATUS. 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.,  Providence,  R.  I. 

FIRE    PLACES,   CRAFTSMAN,    ETC. 

St1cl<ley.  Gustav 41  W.  34th  St..  New  York 


Birenroini 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


^  SWISS  CHALET  BOOK 


THIS  new  book  by  Mr.  William  S.  B.  Dana  tells  the  story  of  the 
chalet  in  Switzerland,  its  history,  evolution  and  construction. 
The  book  is  replete  with  illustrations  and  numerous  diagrams, 
sections  and  plans.      It  is  picturesque  as  well    as  instructive. 
Mr.  Dana  has  not  neglected  the  Swiss  chalet  in  America  and  tells  the 
reader   something    of  the  use  that  has  been   made  of  chalet  forms  in 
California,  accompanying  his  text  with  most  attractive  pictures. 

Table  of  Contents 


Introduction. 

Chapter       V. 

The    chalet  facade;    window 

Chapter     I. 

Switzerland  visited;  Swiss  archi- 

disposition;   plans  and  eleva- 

tects  and  builders. 

.   tions. 

Chapter      VI. 

The  chalet  facade ;  system  of 

Chapter    II. 

Construction     details ;      granary 

ornamentation. 

construction;  examples  of  mod- 

Chapter  VII. 

The  chalet  interior;  plannine, 

ern  and  older  chalets. 

plans  and  elevations. 

Chapter  III. 

The  chalet  skeleton;    basis  of 

Chapter  VIII. 

The  chalet   interior;  interior 
decoration;   furniture. 

ornament;    smalt  chalets. 

Chapter     IX. 

Adaptation  of  the  Swiss  chalet 

Chapter  IV. 

Balcony  and  gable  construction ; 

in  other  countries;   American 

doors,  windows;    some  classic 

adaptations. 

and  modern  chalets- 

Bibliography. 

150  pages;  250  lIluBtrationa  and  figui 


Cloth,  7K  ==  10.     Price,  $2.50 
The  Wm.  T.  ComstOCk  Co.,  23  Warren  St.,  New  York 


and    Bundlna:. 


10 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


1 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PIRBPROOF  DOORS  AND  SHUTTBR8. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,  N.  T. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

8  West  29th  St..  New  York 
Kalamein   Co.,   The,   Long  Island   City,   N.   T. 
Knobum  Company,  365  14th  St.  Hoboken,  N.  J. 

Leonard   Sheet  Metal   Works Hoboken,   N.   J. 

Pomeroy  Co.,  Inc.,  S.  H., 

427  W.   13th  St,  New  York  City 

FIREPROOF  WINDOWS. 

nahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown.  N.  T. 
Kalamein  Company,  The,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

360-383  14th  St,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 
Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.),  S.  H..427  W.  18th  St,  N.  Y. 
Voigtm%nn  A  Co.,  427  W.  18th  St.  New  York. 

FIXTURES,   GAS  AND  BLBCTRIC. 

Consolidated    Chandelier    Co., 

182-136  W.  14th  St,  N.  Y. 

FLOORS. 

General    Kompollte   Co.,    516   Fifth   Ave.,    N.    Yi 

FLOOR  AND   WOODWORK   POUSH. 

Felton,  Sibley  fttCo...l86  N.  4th  St.  Phlla.,  Pa. 

FLOORING   MACHiWeRY. 

International   Floor  Machine  Co..   39  West  38th 
St.,  New  York. 

GAS  AND  BLBCTRIC  FIXTURB8. 

Browe    Company,    The,    9-11    Franklin    St., 

Newark,  N.  J. 
Consolidated   Chandellor  Co., 

132-186  W.  14th  St.  N.  Y. 
Simes   Co.,   The,  18  Rose  St.,  New  York. 

GRAPHITB  PAINT. 

Dizon  Gmolble  Co.,  Joe Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

HANGBRS— House,  Bam  Door. 

Lane  Bros.  Co. Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 

HARDWARB. 

American    Hardware    Corporation,    The, 

New   Britain,    Conn. 
Chleago  Spring  Butt  Co.,  Chicago,  ill.;  New  York 

Corbln,  P.  ft  F New  Britain,   Conn. 

Stanley  Works,  The,   Dept   B. 

New  Britain,  Conn.,  and  79  Chambers  St,  N.  Y. 

HIBATING  APPLIANCBS.     (Also  see  BoUers.) 

Boyd  Equipment  Co... 373  Fourth  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
(Norton  *  Udgerwood  Co.  .96  Liberty  St,  N.  Y. 

HINGES— Spring,   Ballbearing,  Etc. 

Bommer  Bros... 267  Classen  At.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Chicago  Spring  Butt  (3o., 

Cbieago,  111.:  New  York. 
Stanley  Works,  The New  Britain,   Conn. 

HOLLOW  TILE. 

Carter,   Black  &   Ayers..ll82  Broadway,   N.   Y. 

HOT-WATER  BOILER&-Copper. 

Badger  ft  Sons  Co.,  B.  H., 

63-76  Pitt  St.  Boston.   Mass. 

ICE  MACHINES. 

Brunswick  Refrigerating  Co.. 

New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 


INTERIOR  TRIM. 

Elias  ft  Bro.,  George  Buffalo.    N.    Y. 

IRON    WORK— Ornamental   and   Structural. 

Blagues  Freres  Co... 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 
Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John 

480-494  Hancock  St.  and  577-691  Boulevard, 

Long    Island   CMty. 
Winslow    Bros.    Company,    The, 

New   York-Chicago 

JAIL    AND    PRISON    WORK. 

Van   Dcrn   Iron  Works  Oo Cleveland,   O. 

JOIST  HANGBR8-(BteoI). 

Lane  Bros.  (3o Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 

Van  Dora  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  O. 

LIGHTING  FIXTURES— Gas  and  Blectrie. 

Bagues   Freres   Co 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 

Consolidated  Chandelier  Co., 

132-136  W.  14th  St,  N.  Y. 

LIGHTNING  RODS. 

Jones,  T.  W 22  Burling  Slip,  N.' Y. 

Washburne  ft  Co.,  B.  G..209  Fulton  St.  N.  Y. 

LOCKS.    ETC. 

American    Hardware    Corporation, 

New  Britain,  Conn. 
Corbin,   P.   ft   F New   Britain,    Conn. 

MANTELS.   FIREPLACES,   ETC. 

Jackson   Co.,    Wm.    H. .  .2   W.    47th    St.    N.   Y. 

MARBLE  WORKERS. 

Batterson  ft  Eisele,  Times  Building,  New  York. 
Cork  ft  Zicha  Marble   Co., 

325-327  E.  94th  St.   New   York 

MBTAL  CBILIN08. 

Borger    Mfg.  Co.,   The Canton.   O. 

MBTAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  (So.  .Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

359-363  14th  St.  Hoboken.  N.  J. 

MBTAL   LATHING. 

Greenfield,  Inc.,  Arthur 204  B.  26th  St,  N.  T. 

MBTAL  LUMBER. 

Bsrger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

MBTALUC   OFFICE   FURNITURB. 

Berger  Mtg.  Co.,  The (Canton,  O. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Clsrsland.  O. 

METAL   SASH  AND   FRAMES. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co... Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Herrmann  ft  Grace, 

671-687  Bergen  St,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Kalamein  Company,  The,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 

Knoburn  Company 24u  11th  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

Leonard  Sheet  Metal  Works. ..  .Hoboken,  X.  J. 
Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.).  S.  H...427  W.  18th  St.  N./. 
Star   Fire   Proof   Door  ft    Sash   Co., 

2650   Park    Ave.,    New   York 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy  Co.,  (Inc.),  T.  H.  427  W.  18th  St,  N.  Y. 
Voigtmann  ft  Co.,  427  W.  18th  St,  New  York. 

MILL   WORK. 

Fitzgerald-Speer  ft  Co Pen  Argyl,   Pa. 

MINERAL  WOOL. 

U.  S.  Mineral  Wool  Co 140  Cedar  St,  N.  Y. 

PAINTING  CONTRACTORS. 

Grimmer  ft  Son,  Charles.  .280  B.  37th  St.  N.  Y. 

McKay.  Inc.,  Peter,  167  B.  60th  St.,  New  York. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


For  thirty  years  the  firm  of  CbarleB  Orimmer  j£  Son  has  been  known  to  yoa 
as  Painters.  Recently  we  have  acquired  the  business  of  the  W.  tuAwlt 
Scholtze  Co.,  the  well  known  Decorators.  In  onr  three  new  bDlldintfs  we  now 
have  laclllties  for  doing  the  same  high  class  Cabinet  Wood'Work  and  Up-' 
holstery  as  we  luve  tor  Painting. 

A  line  of  inquiry  brings  a  representative,  or  we  should  be  glad  to  welcome 
you  at  our  extensive  factories  and  our  beautiful,  new  showrooms,  where  we 
carry  the  largest  and  most  select  stock  in  New  York,  of  Wall  Papers,  Mantels. 
Andirons,  Electric  Fixtures,  Fabrics,  Furniture.  Mirrors,  Antiques,  Clocks. 
Candlesticks,  Lamps  and  Pillows. 

Ql^Ua  (Sriuutur  St  &nn 

-rat  HtaiHn  Saimn.  Z30-Z34  Easl  37lli  Street,  NEW  YOKK 


NOIf  READY— A  HOME  STVDY  BOOK 

Reinforced  Concrete    Construction 

VOLUME  (-FUNDAMENTALS 

By  GEORGE  A,  HOOL,  S.  B,.  Assoc.  Prof.,  StnicturBl  Engineerin, 

2M  pp.,  6i9,  88  Illustrations.    S2.5I  (11/6)  n 

This  book  is  part  of  the  series  of  texts  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin  Extension  E>epartmeDt. 
A  full,  clear  treatment— avoidance  of  difficult  mathematics — problems  for  study— are  some  of  its 
distinctive  features.  Published  in  loose-leaf,  as  well  as  book  form,  it  should  \ye  of  distinct  value  to 
any  ambitious  worker.  This  volume  covers  Properties  of  the  Material  and  the  Theory  and 
Design  of  Slabs,  Beams  and  Columns. 

FOR  SALE  BY     THE    WM.    T-    COMSTOCK    CO..    33  Warren  St..  N«w  York 


Universily  o(  Wisconsin 

I,  postpaid 


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1955  Park 


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ip  to  dele  clock 
Operates  without 
and  contact). 


Double  Paced    Masneta  S 
U.  S.  Rubber  Building,  N. 


.NUFACTURERS  OF 


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Time  Stamps 


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Architecture  and   1 


12 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Classified  Advertisements — Continued 


PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRESERVING  IRON 

AND    STEEL. 
Dixon  Crucible  Co.,   Jos Jersey  City,   N.   J. 

PAINTS.  OILS.  VARNISHBS,  WOOD  FILLING.  •l«>. 

Dixon  Crucible  Co..  Joe Jtraej  01t7>  N.  J. 

Felton.  Slblflj  &  Co., 

186  N.  4th  St.  Phlladolphlm,  Pa. 

PLASTER  WORK— Plain.   Ornamental   Models. 

Miller,  H.  W 22d  St.  and  Ave  A,  New  York 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

PLUMBERS. 

Boyd    Equipment   Co... 373   Fourth   Ave.,    N.    T. 
Boyd,   John 284  Columbus  Ave.,  New  York. 

PRONQ  LOCK,  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co..  The Canton.  O. 

PUBLISHERS. 

Comatook  Co..  The  W.  T..28  Warren  St..  N.  Y. 

Concrete    Age.    The Atlanta,    Georgia 

Manual  Arts  Press.  The. 

600  German  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria.  111. 

PULLBTS. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

t   W.   29th   SL.    N.    Y. 

REFRIGERATORS.    PORCELAIN.    ETC. 

Tettenbom    Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati.    O. 

RINGS— Bridle.  Comer  Brace  (Bridle).  Sebco  Aerial. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co..  147-149  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 

ROLLING   DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS— Steel. 
Grant    Pulley    and    Hardware    Co.. 

^ 8   W.   29th   St.,   New   York   City. 

Wilson   Mfg.   Co..   Jamee  G.. 

3  W.  29th  St,  New  York 

ROOFING  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Barrett  Mtg.  Co New  Yerk.  N.  Y. 

SASH  CHAINS. 

Morten.  Thomas 169  Elm  St..  N.  Y. 

■ASM  CORDS. 

■Uver  Lake  Co Boston.  Mass. 

lASH  PULLEYS— Iron.  Brass.  Bronse. 
Grant  Pulley  it  Hardware  Co., 

8  W.  29th  St.,  N.  y. 

SIDEWALK  LIFTS. 

ipeldel,  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Berger  Mfg.   Co Canton,   O. 

SIGNS,    CHANGEABLE,    ETC. 

Kinney   Co..   C.  M...3  W.  29th   St.,   New  York. 
U.   S.   Changeable  Sign   Co.. 

3   W.   29th   St..   New   York 

SNOW  GUARD 

Foleom   Snow  Guard  Co.. 

Roslindale  (Boston),    Mass. 

SPRING  HINGES. 

Bommer  Bros 257  Classen  Ave..  Bklyn,  N.  Y. 

Chicago   Sprtng  Butt  Co..  ^«.     .  .. 

Chicago,  111.;  New  York 


SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

Automatic   Sprinkler   Co.    of   America. 

123  William  St.   New   York  City. 
Pleisher  &  Co.,  W.  L..iri6  Fifth  Ave..  New  York 
General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.. 
_    .         ^  Providence.   R.   I. 

Rockwood  Sprinkler  Co...  128  William  St,  N.  Y. 

STEEL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Clereland,  0. 

STEEL  JOIST  HANGERS. 

Laae  Bros.   Co Ponghkeepsle.  N.  Y. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland.  0. 

STEEL    SHUTTERS,    ROLLING,    ETC. 
Wilson  Mfg.  Co..   James  G., 

5  W.  29th  St,  New  York 

STUCCO. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison.  N.  J. 

SWITCHBOARDS,    PANELS.    ETC. 
Metropolitan    Electric    Mfg.    Co., 

14th    St    A.   East   Ave.,    Long    Island   City 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (AutomaUc). 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsie.   N.   Y. 

TERRA  COTTA. 

Federal   Terra  Cotta  Co.,   Ill   Broadway,   N.   Y. 
iNorth western  Terra  Cotta  (3o., 

1000  Clyboum  Are..  Chicago. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co Canton.  O. 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Ck>. 

262  Monitor  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

VENETIAN    BLINDS. 

Wilson    Mfg.    Co.,    Jas.    G., 

3%  W.  29th   St,    New  York. 

VENTILATING   RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy.  N.  Y. 

VENTILATORS. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co , Troy    N    Y 

Washburne  &  (3o..  E.  G...209  Fulton  St.  N.  y! 

WALL  FINISHES— FLAT.   ETC. 
Keystone  Varnish   Co., 

71  Otsego  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison.  N.  J. 

WATER   FILTERS. 

Loomls-Manning  Filter  Co., 

828  Land  Title  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

WEATHER    VANES. 

^??'k  Tlios.  W.  ...... .163  Maiden  Lane.  N.  Y. 

Washburne  it  Co.,   E.   G.. 

209  Fulton  St.   N.   Y. 

WOOD-WORKING  MACHINERY. 
Barnes  Co..  W.  F.  it  John. 

566  Ruby  St.  Rockford.  111. 


"         F^  1  ivt  I  — "  -   ^** 


nrsnroini 


ARCIItTECIURE  ASD  IWILDINC 


PYRAMIDS 

ANCIENT  AND  MODERN 

Yy  EALLY  fireproof  buildings  are  as  inJc- 
-*■*■  stnictible — by  Arenas  the  pyramids. 
The  modem  type  o£  building  can  be  readily 
likened  unto  an  Eg\-ptian  pyramid.  Their 
stability  is  fact.  Their  endurance  is  not  a 
matter  of  chance. 


ArehTlec"""**  Gcnw'^"o'n"ac"  re" 

New  YorVs  highest  uptown  office  buildiiiE. 
Equipped  throughout  with  The  DahUtrom 
Products.  The. upper  floors  ^ove  the  thir- 
teenth- are  finiiheiJ  in  h  tnie  interpretation  ol 
African  Mahogany.  Allotlierftoori,  except- 
ing the  first,  finiihed  in  Mouse  Gray.  A 
perfect  exemplification  of  the  Dahlstrom  ser- 
'ice-^  Those  interested  will  find  Ihii 
IS  well  as  other  Dahlstrom  insiallatio 
studying. 


'orth 


When  a  building  is  structuralh'  fireproof 
and  the  ix)sslbllity  of  a  fire  traveling  from 
room  to  room,  or  floor  to  floor,  completely 
ob\'iatcd,  it  is  an  impossibility  for  the  incipi- 
ent fire  to  generate  sufficient  heat  to  cause  a 
greater  damage  than  consume  the  inflammable 
contents  of  the  room,  compartment  or  unit  in 
which  the  fire  originates. 

The  installation  of  The  Dahlstrom  Products 
totally  eliminates  the  possibility  of  a  fire 
from  spreading  by  the  simple  method  of  star- 
vation. A  fire  will  not,  cannot  travel,  from 
its  point  of  origin,  for  The  Dahlstrom  Prod- 
ucts offer  no  additional  fuel  for  it  to  feed  upon. 
To  accomplish  this  final,  necessary  and  abso- 
lute degree  of  fireproofing  nothing  of  an  artistic 
nature  is  sacrificed. 

We  would  be  pleased  to  show  you  samples 
of  the  inimitable  Dahlstrom  finishes.  It  is 
also  well  to  remember  that  their  range  is 
unlimited. 

ParticuUra  tamj  ba  had  upon  requaat 

Dahlstrom   Metallic   Door    Company 

Execotire  Office*  ud  Fadtrie* 
68  BbckitoH  ATenoc,  Junestown,  New  York 

Vrancfi  Offlcwa  in  All  Principal  Cllitj 


wrlttnGT  Advertisers,  please  i 


hltecture  and   Buili 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Ve  Are  Imitated 
Bat  Uoequaled. 


TheWINSlOW  BBOS.COMPAMT 

Ontamental  Iron  and  Bronze 

New  York  ChlcBCO  L«*  An|al«a 

AgencicG  in  all  priniHpa]  cities  of  Uniled  Sutcs 


When  writing  AdverttaerB,  plea 


1  Architecture 


ARCHITECTURE    AND   BUILDING. 


JUST    PUBLISHED 

Practical 
Cement   Work 

By  W.  B.  HENRY 

PRICE,  SO  CENTS 


A  book  that  -ill  be  of  a 

day  in  the  week,  no  man 

rwliat  lineof  cemem- 

^e  engaged  in. 

Neatly  Bound  in  Cloth 

112  Patea-4}ixiH 

CONTENTS: 

Portland  Cement,  Tlxe  Unit  of  Purchase,  Stor- 


ing Cement,  Sand,  Aggregate: 


Mor 


Concrete,  Form  Building,  Waterproofing,  Col- 
oriug.  Con  Data,  Testing  Cement,  Foundationa 
and  Walla,  Cement  Houses  and  How  they  are 
Built,  Cement  Plaster  and  Stucco  Houses, 
Water  and  Steam  Curing,  Condition  of  Sea- 
soning Blocks,  Sand  Lime  Brick,  Sidewalka, 
Floors  foi  CellaiB,  Basements  and  Stables. 
Addresi 

THE   CONCRETE  AGE 

ATLANTA  GEORGIA 


When   writing  Advert 


and    Bulldlns. 


ARCHITECTURE  A!JD  BUILDING 


The  Up-to-Date  Mechanic 
Wastes  No  Time 

Progress  demands  new  methods— the  man 
who  is  most  progress' ve  makis  the  most 
monev.  There  was  a  time  whfn  wood  plmis 
or  filling  in  was  the  proper  method  for 
fastening  fixtures  to  walls  and  floors  of  tile, 
concrete,  etc.  Today  the  proper  and  eco- 
nomit-al  method  of  fastening  fixtures  is  with 

Sebco  Expansion  Bolts 


Mechanics  use  Selico  Exrans^on  Bolts  and 
Sebco  Screw  Anchors  because  they  know- 
that  they  are  the  only  satisfactory  means  of 
fastening  fixtures.  Febco  Products  have  a 
national  reputation.  Wehave  a  special  catalog' 
No.  34  and  free  samples  which  you  should 
write  for. 

STAR.    EXPANSION    BOLT    CO. 


147-149   Cadai 


Str«at.    N*w   YorK    City 


ARE   QUALITY    GOODS 

But  cost  no  more  than  inferior  kindi 


DON'T  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  when  specify- 
ing spring  hinges,  which  of  all  hardware  perform 
the  hardest  work.  Bomnier  Spring  Hinges  never 
fail  to  give  satisfaction,  and  have  withstood  the 
test  of  tii>e.  The  springs  never  go  tame. 
"Practically  Unbreakable,"  says  the  Worid's 
Fair  Award,  Chicago,  1893. 

QOLD  HKDUS:  Full,  IMO:  BiSUo,  HS1|  U.  LMb.  UN. 

All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Them 


When  writing  Advert 


and  Bulldlne. 


Architecture  ^nd  Building 

A  Magazint  Divotid  to  Cantemforarj  Arckitettural  Csustrudian 


VCLVMB   XLIV. 


SEPTEMBER,    1912 


Number  9 


ARCHITECTURAL   RESEMBLANCES 

By  J.  L. 


MICHAEL  ANGELO  said  "Only  an 
inventor  can  use  the  inventions  of 
others."  Whether  he  said  this  when 
off  his  guard  I  cannot,  of  course,  say. 
It  was  the  truth,  and  the  indiscretion  of 
such  an  admission — in  fact  of  any  ad- 
mission— is  evident  to  any  foolish  per- 
son. What  if  he  had  written  it  and 
signed  his  name  to  it,  and  a  commission 
of  critics  had  called  him  to  an  account- 
ing? And  what  if  they  had  refused  to 
write  a  word  about  him  and  we  folks, 
four  hundred  years  off,  hadn't  known 
who  did  what  he  did?  Perish  the 
thought!  It  is  also  related  of  Michael 
Angelo  that  when  he  left  Florence  to  go 
to  Rome  to  build  St.  Peter's  he  turned 


his  horse's  head  on  the  last  hill  from 
which  the  noble  cathedral,  built  by  Bru- 
nelleschi.  is  visible,  and  said,  "Like  you 
I  will  not  build :  better  than  you  I  can- 
not." During  the  many  years  when  he 
toiled  and  studied  in  the  building  of  St. 
Peter's,  at  Rome,  he  had  in  mind  this 
thought,  yet  he  builded  a  dome  whose  in- 
trinsic form  was  mighty  like  that  of  the 
model  which  he  was  scheming  to  avoid 
^not  in  details,  not  in  ornamentation, 
but  in  the  general  conception. 

What,  after  all,  is  this  notion  of  being 
different,  of  doing  things  that  are  dif- 
ferent? In  a  certain  sense  it  is  an  ap- 
peal to  the  populace,  a  kind  of  dema- 
goguery,  and  demagoguery  we  all  know 


BIBLIOTHBQUB   STB.    GENEVIEVE,    PARIS. 


350 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


to  be  wrong.  Something  strange  and 
startling,  the  like  of  which  never  was 
seen  on  sea  or  land — that's  what  the 
crowd  wants.  But  do  they  ?  Are  we  not 
coming,  in  this  day  and  place,  to  a  new 
era,  where,  if  everybody  doesn't  own  an 


it  were,  this  is  the  true  province  of  the 
architect.  And  it  is  a  question  whether 
a  whole  lot  more  architects  would  not 
get  into  the  Cyclopaedia  if  they  fol- 
lowed this  principle. 

And  this  brings  us  back  to  the  words 


:   PUBLIC  LIBRARY. 


automobile,  at  least  he  has  an  education 
and  the  first  glimmerings,  let  us  hope, 
of  taste?  There's  nothing  new  under 
the  sun,  anyhow,  so  why  must  archi- 
tecture be  different  in  each  case?  A 
truce  to  all  such  humbug!  The  human 
mind  cannot  conceive  anything  that  it 
has  not  perceived. 

Sculpture  and  architecture  are  akin. 
When  scuplture  deals  with  the  human 
form  it  takes  it  as  it  finds  it ;  it  does 
not  attempt  any  novelties.  The  high- 
est art  of  the  sculptor  is  shown  in  re- 
finement of  form,  rendering  of  expres- 
sion, putting  a  soul  into  the  image,  some- 
thing subtle,  ineffable. 

Architecture  should  take  things  as  it 
finds  them;  it  should  not  indulge  in  nov- 
elties. The  beautification  of  the  con- 
structive truth  that  makes  the  architec- 
tural form  that  lies  beneath  the  skin,  as 


of  Michael  .-^ngelo  first  quoted:  "Only 
an  inventor  can  use  the  inventions  of 
others."  It  takes  a  great  architect  to 
prove  this. 

Until  the  completion  of  the  New  York 
Public  I-ibrary.  facing  Bryant  Park, 
America  had  one  great  library  building, 
the  Boston  Public  Library,  a  building 
whose  main  entrance  a  noted  visitor,  Mr. 
Arnold  Bennett,  recently  declared  should 
make  it  a  Mecca  for  all  the  world.  Since 
the  completion  of  the  New  York  Pub- 
lic Library  there  is  on  view  from  the 
rear  a  structure  whose  beauty  will  come 
to  be  regarded  as  being  as  great  as 
that  of  the  Boston  building.  The 
front  of  the  New  York  Library  is  or- 
dinary to  a  degree;  the  same  may  be 
said  of  the  two  ends.  When  the  rear 
elevation  is  discovered  by  the  critics  I 
make   this  prediction,   that  it    will     be 


ARCHITECTURAL  RESEMBLANCE. 


351 


acknowledged  that  Carrere  &  Hastings 
have,  in  part  at  least  of  this  one  of  their 
works,  done  something  really  great. 
\A'hether  some  sharp  eyes  shall  discover 
that  the  rear  of  the  New  York  Library 
was  lifted  from  the  BibHotheque  Ste. 
Genevieve  or  from  the  Boston  Library, 
I  will  not  venture  to  say.  If  it  helps 
to  make  the  building  famous  and  causes 
the  crowd  to  gather,  it  may  be  better  than 
if,  as  now,  the  contemplation  of  it  is  con- 
fined to  the  discouraged  occupants  of 
the  park  settees  whose  thoughts  of  ar- 
chitecture are  presumably  in  abeyance. 
Those  whom  I  have  seen  on  the  benches 


were  either  sleeping  the  sleep  of  the  in- 
toxicated or  reading  the  help  wanted 
columns  in  the  newspapers. 

The  charge  that  Charles  FoUen  Mc- 
Kim  lifted  the  Bibliotheque  Ste.  Gene- 
vieve for  his  Boston  Library  reminds  one 
of  the  accusation  made  by  General 
Grant's  enemies  that  he  drank  too  much 
whiskey.  Lincoln's  reply  that  he  would 
like  to  get  a  few  barrels  of  the  same 
brand  to  give  to  his  other  generals 
makes  one  think  what  a  pity  it  is  that 
there  are  not  some  more  buildings  like 
the  Bibliotheque  Ste.  Genevieve  to  be 
lifted. 


BOSTON  PUBLIC  LlmtARY. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THE   HOLLOW-TILE   FIREPROOF  HOUSE 

Article  X. — Sand  Moulded  Concrete  Floors  and  Ceilings. 

By  FREDERICK  SQUIRES 


AXIOMS  of  architectural  design  un- 
changed since  Roman  times,  arc 
combined  in  this  interesting  subject  with 
engineering  principles  new  as  the  use  of 
reinforced  concrete.  The  coffer  found 
expression  as  a  principle  of  architectural 
design  in  the  Roman  ceilings,  and  still 
exists  architecturally  in  our  best  work. 
This  span  of  time  is  tellingly  illustrated 
in  the  ceilings  of  the  old  Basilica  of  St. 
Paul,  at  Rome,  and  the  unfinished  Avery 
Architectural  Building  at  Columbia.  The 
engineering  features  I  will  describe. 

The  strength  of  a  concrete  beam  de- 
pends on  its  depth,  and  for  this  reason 
me  same  quantity  of  concrete  and  re- 
inforcement divided  into  parallel  beams 
with  a  thin  top  slab  will  carry  a  greater 
load  than  an  equal  amount  in  a  solid 
slab,  which  is  really  a  series  of  contigu- 
ous beams.  Because  they  cross-bridge 
each  other,  the  same  quantity  of  concrete 
in  beams  crossing  at  right  angles  will 
carry  more  load  than  an  equal  amount 
of  concrete  forming  parallel  beams.  This 
beam  method  is  a  better  way  of  distrib- 
uting  concrete  than  the  slab  method  be- 
cause of  the  following  peculiar  qualities 
of  concrete.  It  has  great  power  to  re- 
sist destruction  by  compression  and  shear. 
but  little,  if  any,  to  resist  destruction  by 
tension,  for  wrhich  reason  it  must  be 
strengthened  where  subjected  to  tension 
by  steel  (very  aptly  called  "reinforce- 
ment.") 

It  is  ABC  to  the  engineer  to  divide 
the  section  of  his  slab  or  beam  by  a  neu- 
tral axis  at  its  center  regarded  vertically, 
and  to  consider  the  material  above  this 
axis  to  be  subjected  to  compression  and 
the  part  below  to  tension,  the  quality  that 
keeps  these  two  from  acting  indepen- 
dently being  the  strength  to  resist  shear. 


The  concrete  above  the  neutral  axis, 
that  in  compression,  is  doing  what  it  is 
physically  best  qualified  to  do,  namely 
to  provide  compressive  strength ;  but  the 
concrete  in  the  tension  zone  is  quite  un- 
fitted for  any  job  except  to  tie  the  rein- 
forcing steel  into  its  harness. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  in  the  part 
of  a  concrete  slab  below    the     neutral 
axis  there  is  a  great  amount  of  idle  con- 
crete.   When  the  lower  part  of  the  con- 
struction    is     divided   into  beams,   the 
amount  of  idle  concrete  is  greatly  re- 
duced, owing  to  the  voids  formed  be- 
tween  the   beams.     An   ideal  condition 
would  be  to  provide  just  enough  concrete 
in  the  lower  half  to  cover  the  iron  and 
sufficiently  fireproof  it.     This  is  a  far 
cry  from  slab  construction.    The  slab  on 
top  of  the  beams  is  concrete  strictly  on 
its  job,   doing  good  compressive  work. 
The   persistence   of   flat   slabs  over  the 
beam  and  slab  systems  in  concrete  con- 
struction is  due,  in  a  large  measure,  to 
the  difficulty  of  construction  and  conse- 
quent expense  of  wooden  forms  and  the 
inelasticity  of  the  wood   form  method. 
I  believe  both  are  now  removed  by  the 
cheap  and  elastic  qualities  of  sand  mould- 
ing, and  the  coffered  beam  method  which 
is  both  artistic  and  structural,  is  made 
practical. 

The  concrete  beam  and  tile  construc- 
tion is  not  the  ideal  method  because  the 
tile  is  but  a  filler  to  give  depth  to  tht 
beam,  and  after  the  beam  is  cast  it  is 
useful  principally  to  give  a  surface  for 
plastering.  This  tile  filler,  because  it  must 
be  a  rectangle,  ties  the  construction  up  to 
two  forms — beams  running  in  one  di- 
rection, or  in  two  directions  at  right  an- 
gles to  each  other. 

Too  much  eflFort  has  been  directed  to 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


obtaining  a  flat  surface  for  plastering. 
Either  tile  blocks  are  required,  or  when 
plastering  is  to  go  directly  on  concrete, 
the  aggregate  for  the  concrete  must  be 
cinders,,  a  very  questionable  material  for 
constructive  purposes.  That  such  indi- 
rect methods  should  be  used  in  the  in- 
terests of  plaster  presupposes  plaster  to 
be  the  most  desirable  material  to  expose 
for  a  ceiling.  This  was  true  up  to  a 
recent  date,  but  it  is  no  longer  true. 
Concrete  has  been  so  far  beautified 
that  its  appearance  is  better  than 
plaster.  Compare  a  plaster  cast  in 
high  relief  with  its  duplicate  in  concrete. 
The  plaster  by  comparison  is  cold  and 
cheap.  It  lacks  the  color,  the  texture. 
and  the  appearance  of  solidity 
which  are  present  in  a  high  degree  in 
the  concrete    image.       Architects    have 


gone  so  far  as  to  leave  off  the  hard 
finishing  coat  of  plaster  and  roughen 
with  sand  the  final  coat  in  order  to  get 
away  from  the  staring  dead  white  sur- 
face of  commOTi  plaster.  When  not 
roughened,  plaster  must  be  tinted.  All 
this  shows  that  the  appearance  of  plain- 
finished  plaster  work  is  unsatisfactory. 
When  the  question  of  elaborating  the 
architectural  effect  of  the  six  surfaces  of 
a  room  is  considered,  it  is  always  the 
ceilii^  which  receives  the  most  attention. 
This  is  true  alike  in  the  public  building — 
as  witness  the  ceilings  of  the  New  The- 
atre, the  New  York  Public  Library,  and 
the  waiting  room  of  the  Pennsylvania 
station — in  the  city  house  and  in  the 
country  house.  It  is  an  accepted  princi- 
ple of  design  and  decoration.  The  de- 
signer of  the  public  work  may  execute 


THE    HOLLOW-TILE    FIREPROOF    HOUSE. 


355 


his  ceilii^  in  stone,  the  city  mansion  de- 
signer in  plaster  or  carved  wood  and 
color,  and  the  country-house  architect  in 


moulded  wood  beams,  but  each  in  his 
own  way  puts  the  greatest  emphasis  of 
his  interior  on  the  ceihng.  This  is  true 
now,  and  it  always  has  been  true,  and 
always  will  be. 

With  the  use  of  the  light-colored  ce-. 
ments,  concrete  advanced  rapidly  in 
beauty.  Since  concrete  is  a  combination 
of  cement,  sand,  and  stone,  there  is  no 
difficulty  in  obtaining  the  appearance  of 
certain  natural  stones,  marble  for 
example,  by  mixing  broken  or  jjowdered 
marble  with  cement  and  sand.  Beauti- 
ful reproductions  of  marble  statuary  in 
concrete  are  results  obtained  every  day. 
The  difference  in  cost  and  the  similarity 
of  the  result  between  pouring  a  liquid 
into  a  mould,  and  chiseling  the  same 
form  out  of  a  block  of  stone  is  respon- 
sible for  much  of  the  present-day  activity 
in  moulded  concrete.  Most  lovely  colors 
are  easily  obtained.    The  surface  is  dull 


356 


ARCHITECTURE  A\'D  BUILDING 


and  so  gives  a  chance  for  display  of  soft 
tones. 

It  is  concrete— a  material  which  may 
display  stone  as  a  part  of  itself — which 
may  be  so  mixed  as  to  produce  beautiful 
colors,  and  which  gives  its  best  structural 


sinporckme: 


results  in  the  architectural  form  of  a 
coffered  ceiling,  which  we  are  now  go- 
ing to  make  into  ceilings  with  sand 
moulds. 

The  invention  here  described  in  floor 
construction  involves  the  decoration  of 
the  ceiling  and  the  casting  of  the  con- 
structive floor  in  the  same  oper- 
ation.    It  may  be  described  as 
the  placing  on  a  wooden  center- 
ing   of     temporary     forms     of 
moulding  material,   the   placing 
of  reinforcement  into  the  spaces 
between    the    moulds     and     the 
pouring  of  the  concrete  around 
and   over   these   forms   and   the 
subsequent    removal   of   all   the 
temp,irary     work,     leaving     the 
completed  concrete  ceiling  in  the  f 

inverse  image  of  the  moulds.  In  the  flexi- 
bility of  the  material  for  the  moulds,  the 
temporary  fluid  quality  of  concrete,  and 
the  wide  range  of  material  which  may 
enter  it  and  give  it  character,  rest  the 
possibilities  of  the  scheme.  The  draw- 
ings illustrate  how  simple  it  is  to  divide 
the  ceiling  into  myriad  combinations  of 


forms,  practically  kaleidoscopic.  Add  to 
this  the  fact  that  the  method  welcomes  all 
the  compressive  forms,  such  as  the  classic 
and  Ciothic,  the  dome    and    the    vault, 
and  it  is  immediately  seen  that  the  num- 
ber of  possible  combinations  of  forms  is 
limitless.    There  is  a  wide  range 
of   combinations   of   aggregates 
which  may  be  used  to  make  up 
the  concrete — marble,  limestone, 
granite,   quartz — and    boundless 
possibilities  for  insertion  into  the 
moulds  of  mosaics  of  glass  or 
tile  which  will  be  held  and  dis 
played  in  the  finished  concrete. 
Architectural  forms  like  the  ro- 
sette may  be  cast  separately  and 
inserted  into  the  moulding  sand 
and  so  arranged  as  to  bond  in 
with     the    slab    after    the    re- 
moval of  the  sand.     The  forms 
may  be  sprayed  with  a  liquid  mixture  of 
cement  and  any  sparkling  material  such 
as  broken  glass,  and  a  shell  of  it  formed 
over  the  moulds  which  will  be  the  visible 
part  of  the  slab  when  the  forms  are  re- 
moved. 

Another  scheme  lately  developed  is  the 


G.    4.     COVERING    WITH    < 

enrichment  of  concrete  ceilings  by  blow- 
ing upon  the  wet  slab  a  mixture  of 
cement  and  color,  which  is  literally 
cemented  to  the  ceiling  by  its  own  chem- 
ical aftinity.  Colors  may  be  applied  di- 
rectly to  the  top  of  the  mould  by  pouring 
on  a  film  of  the  hquid  coloring  material 
and  cement  and  allowing  it  to  harden  a 


THE    HOLLOiV-TlLE    FIREFROOF    HOUSE. 


357 


little  before  the  commoner  materials  of 
the  bulk  of  the  slab  are  poured.  The 
obvious  melhoti  of  forming  panels  of 
cement  and  using  them  as  peniianent 
forms  has  been  tried  and  is  here  illus- 
trated, but  this  lacks  the  fascination  of 
the  fluid  method  and  has  some  physical 
disadvantages. 

Before  bewildering  the  reader  with  a 
multiplicity   of   suggestions,   it   may   be 


about  sixteen  inches  square  was 
drawn  to  full  size  in  the  office  and  sent 
to  a  plasterer,  who  made  a  clay  model 
of  it  from  which  he  made  Fig.  1,  a  nega- 
tive impression  to  be  used  to  make  the 
glue  mould.  Fig.  2  shows  the  glue 
mould  in  the  middle,  below  it  a  plaster 
reinforcement  into  which  it  sets,  and 
above  it  a  typical  negative  or  plaster 
form.     Fig.  3  shows  the  plaster  fonns 


FIG.   5.     THE   EXPBKIMBNTAL  SLAB   CAST   FROM   THE    TLASTEH    MOULDS. 


well  to  explain  the  process  by  means  of 
photographs.  He  wiU  see  for  himself 
just  what  wonderful  chances  there  are. 
For  over  a  year  I  tried  experiments  in 
moulding  materials  before  I  settled  on 
moulding  sand  as  the  best.  Clay  gave 
results  but  had  to  be  covered  with  paper 
in  order  not  to  soften  under  the  moist- 
ure of  the  concrete.  Plaster  was 
next     considered.       A     coffered     unit 


in  place  with  the  reinforcement  in  its 
proper  position,  and  Fig.  4  shows  how 
it  is  intended  to  place  the  concrete.  Fig, 
5  shows  the  experimental  slab  cast  from 
these  plaster  forms.  The  plaster  method 
was  not  ideal  because  of  the  time  it  takes 
to  make  the  plaster  forms  and  the  loss 
of  these  by  breakage  when  they  are  re- 
moved from  the  finished  concrete  ceiling. 
The  glue  mould  also  has  to  be  renewed 


358 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


after  every  dozen  casts  atid  it  consumes 
time  and  increases  the  expense  in  re- 
making. 

The  coffers  shown  in  Figs.  6,  7  and  8 


permanent  forms  may  be  of  ordinary 
materials  and  the  forms  themselves  may 
be  cast  in  durable  metal  moulds.  On 
the  other  hand,  they  add  nothing  to  the 
strength  of  the  floor  construction  and 
are  a  positive  load.  They  would  have  to 
be  cast  with  a  mechanical  bond  for  the 
backing  material  because  the  cohesion 
between  the  two  concrete  surfaces  could 
not  be  definitely  counted  on. 

In  justice  to  this  method  be  it  said 
that  the  difference  in  appearance  of  the 
four  coffers  in  the  picture  was  an  inten- 
tional one  and  was  due  to  an  effort  to 
study  a  different  color  effect  in  each  one. 


FIG.    6.     PP.E-CAST   PERMANENT    FORMri. 

were  pre-cast  and  set  in  place  as  penna- 
nent  forms.  The  disadvantages  of  this 
method  are  obvious  from  the  photo- 
graphs :  the  concrete  forms  are  fragile. 
They  offer,  however,  the  advantage  of  a 


FIGS.    7    AND    8,      PRE-CAST    PERMANENT 
FORMS.    REINFORCEMENT    PLACED 
AND  CONCRETE   BEING  POURED. 

good  opportunity  to  treat  the  concrete 
with  brush  color  or  acid  after  it  has  par- 
tially set.  and  the  concrete  u^ed  over  the 


Fig.  6  is  a  view  of  the  coffers  as  they 
would  appear  in  the  finished  ceiling. 
Fig.  7  shows  the  reinforcing  in  place, 
and  Fig.  8  the  method  of  pouring  with 
concrete.  This  method  has  possibilities 
but  is  not  yot  developed  to  the  extent  of 
the  sand  mould  method. 

The  practical  sand  mould  method  is 
shown  in  the  following  pictures.  I  got 
the  sand  method  idea  by  watching  child- 
ren at  play  on  the  beach.  They  hap- 
pened to  groove  the  hard  sand  in  a  grid- 
iron pattern  with  their  hoes,  and  these 
grooves  seemed  strong  enough  to  receive 
concrete  without  losing  shape.     A  few 


THE    HOLLOW-TILE    FIREPROOF    HOUSE. 


359 


experiments  with  beach  sand,  a  little  at- 
tention to  the  iron  moulders,  and  the 
idea  of  sand  moulds  for  concrete  floor 
construction  began  to  evolve.  When  I 
called  to  mind  my  modeling  experience 
at  Columbia,  the  idea  of  highly  deco- 
rated ceilings  made  from  sand  moulds 


of  the  beam  all  around.  On  two  sides 
are  cast  projections  for  handles.  Where 
decoration  is  not  desirable  or  required 
this  matrix  may  be  made  of  wood,  and 
this  was  also  done  in  these  experiments, 
and  illustrated  here  with  photographs  of 
the  wood  mould  empty,  sand  filled  and 


PIQ.    10.      THE    WOODEN    MATRIX. 

became  a  conviction.  After  a  winter  of 
experiments,  the  first  floor  was  modeled 
and  poured,  and  the  following  photo- 
graphs were  taken  during  the  process. 
The  matrix  or  moulder  shown  in  Fig,  9 
was  made  from  the  same  design  as  the 
one  used   for   obtaining  plaster   forms. 


covered  with  a  palette  and  the  finished 
cast  slab  (see  Figs.  10,  11,  12  and  19). 
The  process  of  making  sand  moulds 
from  the  plaster  matrix  is  ridic- 
ulously simple.  The  sand  is  ordi- 
nary moulding  sand  which  in  this  par- 
ticular case  was  mixed  with  marble  flour 


It  is  a  positive  and  is  made  of  thick 
plaster  reinforced  with  cloth  mesh  to 
give  it  wearing  qualities.  It  is  the  exact 
size  of  the  unit  including  half  the  width 


placed  there  to  adhere  to  the  concrete 
slab  and  lighten  its  color.  The  matrix  is 
set  on  two  parallel  two-by-four  studs  laid 
on  the  floor  and  the  dampened  moulding 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


I' 


53 


S3 
S3 


THE    HOLLOli-TILE    FIREPROOF    HOUSE- 


361 


sand  is  heapetl  into  it  and  tamped  by 
gentle  blows  from  the  sand  bag,  both 
shown  in  Fig.  13.  When  full,  the  top 
is  leveled  with  a  straight  edge  and  a 
palette  of  %-inch  wood,  made  just  the 
size  of  the  matrix,  is  set  on  top  and  the 
moulder  overturns  the  two,  settling  the 
palette  down  on  the  two-by-fours  and 
freeing  the  sand  mould  from  the  matrix 
by  a  gentle  blow  with  the  sand  bag. 
Then  the  matrix  is  lifted  and  the  palette 
with  its  sand  mould  is  set  on  the  tempo- 
rary centering,  as  is  illustrated  by  Fig. 
14.  These  moulds  are  hard  enough  when 
placed  but  they  can  be  made  almost  like 
iron  by  mixing  the  sand  with  flour  water 
or  molasses,  and  baking,  a  method  un- 
necessary in  ordinary  work.  Rosettes 
may  be  precast  in  concrete  and  provided 
with  a  stem  which  will  protrude  through 
the  top  of  the  matrix  and  extend  above 
the  sand  in  the  mould,  these  stems  serv- 
ing as  mechanical  bonds  between  the  ro- 
settes and  the  slab.  As  has  been  said 
before,  these  sand  moulds,  now  in  place, 
may  be  treated  in  an  infinite  number  of 
ways  by  covering  with  broken  glass/ 
stone  aggregates,  tile  insertions,  colored 
cements  and  powders  to  provide  effects 
in  the  finished  ceiling. 


Fig.  15  shows  the  reinforcement  laid 
in  place  in  the  beams.  Also  the  plank 
pouring  platform  and  the  ladders'  on 
which  the  concrete  is  raised,  are  shown 
in  place.  A  man  stands  ready  to  place 
the  concrete,  part  of  which  is  seen  al- 
ready poured  on  the  extreme  left  of  the 
picture. 

Fig,  16  shows  the  concrete  mount- 
ing up  along  the  sides  of  the  sand 
moulds  and  in  Fig.  17  it  has  completely 
covered  some  of  them.  None  of  the 
moulds  were  injured  by  the  concrete, 
which  was  poured  from  pails  and  the 
only  care  used  was  in  directing  the 
stream  along  the  beams  and  not  directly 
upon  the  top  of  the  sand  moulds. 

Panels  of  ceiling  done  in  16-inch  sand 
moulds  from  the  elaborate  plaster  matrix 
arc  shown  in  Fig.  18,  and  Fig.  19  shows 
the  result  with  sand  moulds  done  from 
a  simple  wooden  matrix.  I  am  now 
framing  a  casting  made  for  a  matrix 
which  will  give  more  sharply  cut  results 
than  either  of  the  others. 

In  concluding  this  description  of  what 
has  been  a  most  engrossing  series  of  ex 
periments.  I  believe  that  a  wide  new 
field  in  design  has  been  opened  for  the 
architect  and  concrete  engineer. 


FAILURES  IN   BUILDING  CONSTRUCTION  AND 

THEIR  LESSONS-III. 


CONCRETE 

By  EDWARD 

SO-CALLED  reinforced-concrete  col- 
umns, columns  of  plain  concrete 
with  slender  rods  embedded  in  them 
(without  close  hoops  or  spirals  to.  hold 
these  rods  rigidly  in  line),  are  a 
prolific  source  of  failures;  and  the 
marvel  of  it  all  is  that  with  the 
large  number  of  these  failures  and  the 
great  loss  of  life  and  property  they  have 
occasioned,  the  eyes  of  engineers  have 
not  been  opened  to  their  absolute  un- 
trustworthiness — this  in  spite  of  the  fact 
mat  laboratory  tests  point  to  the  same 
conclusion.  Designers  go  merrily  on  pro- 
portioning and  building  columns  of  this 
kind  and  discussing  the  loads  they  can 
sustain  with  an  assumption  of  accuracy 
that  is  about  as  far  from  truth  or  science 
as  a  Hindoo's  incantations  over  a  broken 
bone  are  from  the  modern  science  of 
surgery. 

If  these  designers  use  a  square  or 
round-shaped  wire  around  their  slender 
rods,  spaced  a  foot  or  more  apart,  they 
call  it  a  hooped  column. 

Every  great  reinforced-concrete  wreck, 
about  a  half  a  score  in  number,  has  had 
these  rodded  columns,  which  the  latest 
proposed  building  code  for  New  York, 
on  page  83,  rightly,  though  probably  in- 
advertently calls  "plain  columns." 

The  writer  has  been  vigorously  con- 
demning this  kind  of  so-called  rein- 
forced-concrete columns  for  six  years. 
With  arguments  that  have  never  been 
answered,  in  his  book,  "Concrete."  and 
in  a  paper  read  before  the  American  So- 
ciety of  Civil  Engineers.  March  16,  1910 
(Some  Mooted  Questions  in  Reinforced- 
Concrete  Design),  and  in  numerous  com- 
munications  to   engineering   periodicals, 


COLUMNS 

GODFREY 

the  writer  has  pointed  out  the  absurdity 
of  such  design. 

Several  critics  have  tried  to  read  into 
the  writer's  arguments  a  criticism  of 
hooped  columns  and  have  tried  to  cloud 
the  issue  by  bringing  in  a  lot  of  tests  on 
hooped  columns  and  massing  them  with 
slender  rodded  columns  to  mask  the 
weakness  of  the  latter.  The  nearest  thing 
to  an  argument  in  defense  of  these  rod- 
ded columns  is  an  hysterical  reference  to 
the  average  strength  of  a  lot  of  hooped 
and  rodded  columns  as  compared  with 
plain  concrete  columns;  and  yet  some 
plain  concrete  columns  are  25  and  50  per 
cent,  stronger  than  similar  rodded  col- 
umns, showing  that  the  presence  of  the 
slender  rods  may  weaken  the  column. 

Reports  on  reinforced-concrete  build- 
ing failures  are  generally  exceedingly 
misleading  and  barren  of  real  informa- 
tion. They  are  usually  in  reality  the 
work  of  lawyers  w^ho  are  looking  after 
the  interests  of  clients  and  aim  to  obscure 
rather  than  reveal  the  truth.  There  is 
so  much  similarity  in  them  that  they 
could  almost  be  got  up  in  blank  form  and 
filled  in,  if  frequency  of  the  wrecks 
should  demand  it,  leaving  a  place  to  fill 
in  "block  of  wood,"  or  "shaving,"  or 
"sawdust,"  and  the  number  of  the  col- 
umn in  which  they  were  found;  also  a 
blank  could  be  left  for  the  location  where 
a  bad  batch  of  concrete  was  found,  as 
well  as  for  the  name  of  the  dead  work- 
man who  pulled  out  the  props  before  the 
exact  time  was  up.  A  few^  other  stan- 
dard findings  could  be  incorporated  in 
the  form,  together  with  a  line  stating 
that  the  design  was  found  faultless. 

If   a   single   rivet   were   omitted   in   a 


FAILURES  IN  BUILDING  CONSTRUCTION 


363 


News,"  Jan.  26,  1911.  appears 
the  report  of  the  commission  ap- 
pointed to  investigate  this  col- 
lapse, also  a  letter  on  the  subject, 
written  by  the  writer  a  few  days 
after  the  published  report  of  the 
failure.  The  letter  is  quoted  in 
full  below : 

"The  latest  wreck  in  reinlorced 
cuncreie  described  and  illustrated 
in  your  issue  of  Dec.  8,  1910,  p. 
636.  is  just  another  finger  of  scorn 
pointed  at   the  engineering  profes- 

"In  spite  of  what  the  findings 
may  be  of  the  men  who  are  in- 
vestigating this  wreck,  there  is 
enough  in  the  photographs  of  the 
building  to  condemn  its  design  and 
place  it  in  the  large  class  with  all 
of  the  other  great  wreeks  of  re- 
inforced-concrete  structures.  They 
may  find  a  shaving  or  a  wooden 
block  in  the  wreck  of  one  of  the 
columns  or  build  a  worthless  the- 
ory on  a  splinter,  as  has  been  done 
before,  but  the  glaring  truth 
stands  out  that  plain  concrete 
shafts  are  uni'it  to  support  heavy 
loads,  and  slender  rods  in  these 
shafts  do  not  reinforce  them;  also 
this  harvest  of  death  emphasizes 
the  absolute  need  of  a  unifying 
element   in   all   reinforced-concrete 


FIG.    !.      PHOTOORAPH    OF    WRECKED    BriLIHM 

AND      SEASONED      COLUMN      WHICH      FAILED. 

POINT  OF  FAILURE  INDICATED  BY  CIRCLE, 


"The  pictures  of  this  wreck  show 
two  features  of  its  design  that  con- 
demn  it.  and  yet  one   could   read 
engineering    literature    concerning 
reinforced   concrete   for   days   without   ever 
finding  a  hint   of  the   danger  of   these   fea- 
tures"  one  could  also   find   many   examples 
of  these  erroneous  features  in  the  work  of 
experts    of   national    prominence.      Here    is 
where  the  profession  is  to  blame  for  these 

"In  'Engineering  News.'  in   1906,  the  writer 
pointed  out  the  error  in  depending  upon  longi- 


steel  frame  building,  and  the  entire  build- 
ing were  wrecked  on  account  of  this 
omission,  it  would  be  nearly  on  a  par 
with  the  supposed  reason  for  these  great 
reinforced-concrete  building  failures,  so 
slender  is  the  hair  upon  which  the  safety 

of  these  buildings  depends.  It  ought  not  mdinal  rods  in  a  concrete  column.  He  has~a 
,o  be  within  the  range  of  possibility  tltat  ■r,£°USy4r.r::lr;oS"  "aS 
a  little  bad  concrete,  a  little  carelessness  reservoir  roof  in  Madrid,  a  hotel  in  California. 
in  cleaning  out  forms,  a  little  laxness  o£  JkSrS, 'tVSfhVL^.'.'fwrU"  Sdet 
inspection,  could  result  in  an  awful  had  longitudinal  rods  in  the  columns.  They 
1  T.  „ij  ^i  k-.  ^^,.^;ki=  ;c  +1,0  could  not  possibly  have  failed  as  thev  did,  if 
wreck.    It  wotlld  not  be  possible,  if  the     ,j,j.  ^,j  j,;^  „„»^  „„,  „,„„„,  „,-p,„p;riy 

hooped  reinforced-concrete  columns. 

"I  have  repeatedly  flaunted  these  facts  in  the 
face  of  the  engineering  profession  and  chal- 
lenged contradiction.  In  my  paper,  'Some 
Mooted  Questions  in  Rein  forced-Concrete  De- 
=iKii.'  read  last  March  before  the  .American 
-Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  and  very  widely 
di.scussed.  I  made  very  prominent  a  severe 
criticism  of  this  flimsy  method  of  design.   Only 


columns   of   a  building  were   propertly 
designed. 

One  of  the  great  wrecks  was  the 
Hencke  Building  in  Cleveland,  O.  This 
wreck  is  described  in  "Engineering 
News,"  Dec.  8.  1910.     In  "Engineering 


364 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


one  critic  came  forth  with  anything  resembling 
an  argument,  and  he,  by  averaging  an  indis- 
criminate lot  of  hooped  and  other  columns 
with  steel  in  them,  tried  to  satisfy  himself  that 
nursery  columns  are  greatly  strengthened  by 
slender  longitudinal  rods.  By  cutting  out  four 
of  these  nursery  tests  in  one  group  the  averages 
for  that  group  would  tell  exactly  the  opposite 
tale.  This  is  supposed  to  be  careful  investiga- 
tion !  Some  of  the  tests  with  no  steel  whatever 
were  25  and  50  per  cent,  stronger  than  others 
with  steel  rods  in  them.  Astounding  as  it  may 
seem  the  very  pamphlet  that  shows  these  re- 
sults, written  by  one  of  the  best  known  au- 
thorities in  this  country,  recommends  the  ad- 
dition of  17  to  20  per  cent,  to  the  strength  of 
plain  concrete  columns  for  each  per  cent,  of 
slender  steel  rods  added!  Nearly  all  books  on 
the  subject  are  guilty  of  the  same  gross  errors. 
It  is  time  for  plain  speaking  in  this  matter. 
Why  do  not  these  authorities  come  out  and 
demonstrate  their  position  with  something  bet- 
ter than  a  lot  of  averages  that  mask  more  than 
they  reveal  ?  Or  else  why  do  they  not  acknowl- 
edge their  error? 

"The  nursery  columns,  loaded  perfectly  cen- 
tral, tell  only  a  part  of  the  weakness  of  these 
columns  in  a  monolithic  building.  The  least 
movement  or  settlement  in  such  a  structure, 
with  no  articulation  and  no  toughness,  puts  ex- 
cessive strains  on  the  weakest  part  of  the 
frame.  In  this  construction  it  is  the  columns 
that  are  designed  as  mere  props  with  no  abil- 
ity to  resist  bending.  Cracks  in  these  mean 
spalling  and  stripping  of  the  concrete,  and 
disaster. 

"In  one  wreck  the  entire  rcinforced-concrete 
roof  of  a  large  building  collapsed,  because  the 
concrete  had  been  frozen  and  was  not  set.  The 
top  floor  and  the  columns  below  it  were  not 
hurt.  The  columns  were  octagonal  and  were 
hooped.  Their  toughness  saved  the  building. 
All  this  despite  the  fact  that  under  test  it  de- 
veloped later  that  the  floors  were  not  capable  of 
carrying  their  supposed  safe  load. 

"The  unifying  element  referred  to  in  the  first 
part  of  this  letter  as  being  absent  in  the  Cleve- 
land building,  is  continuous  rods  through  the 
columns  to  tie  the  beams  together.  In  a  steel 
building  this  is  supplied  by  the  rivets.  In 
many  reinforced-concrete  buildings  it  is  lack- 
ing. There  is  no  sign  of  any  such  design  in  the 
photographs  of  this  building.  There  is  no 
doubt  whatever  that  tenacity  is  the  one  thing 
that  a  reinforced-concrete  structure  needs  both 
in  the  whole  and  in  all  of  its  members,  par- 
ticularly the  columns.  A  column  that  can  bulge 
out  or  be  spalled  off  by  the  mere  overcoming 
of  the  weak  and  uncertain  tenacity  of  plain 
concrete  is  an  unsafe  column  for  heavy  loads. 
Highly  stressed  slender  rods  aid  in  this  bulging 
tendency  and  hence  menace  the  strength  of  the 
column  they  are  supposed  to  reinforce. 

"It  is  a  shame  and  a  burning  disgrace  to  the 
engineering  profession  that  no  more  is  learned 
from  investigations  of  disasters  such  as  this 
than  that  practical  construction  is  not  absolute- 
ly perfect,  materials  are  not  absolutely  clean; 
such  reports  could  be  written  thousands  of 
miles  away  from  the  wrecks.  The  tremendously 
important  lesson  is  ignored  that  these  columns 
are  absolutely  untrustworthy. 


^Te5TonA•r\o^4   Of 

FIG.    2.     SKETCH    SHOWING    MANNER    OF 
FAIL.UKE    OF    COLUMN    AND    GIRDERS. 

"If  a  man  should  aim  a  revolver  point  blank 
at  another's  heart,  and  wound  him  instead 
through  the  lung,  and  if  the  other  man  should 
fall  dead  of  heart  failure  at  hearing  the  report 
of  the  shot,  physicians  might  demonstrate  that 
death  was  due  to  fright  at  hearing  the  noise 
and  that  a  cannon  cracker  might  have  pro- 
duced the  same  effect,  and  they  might  clear 
the  murderer  by  this  technicality.  If  it  is 
found  that  there  was  a  bad  batch  of  concrete 
somewhere  that  set  off  this  wreck,  it  would 
supply  a  technicality  such  as  the  other,  but  it 
will  not  clear  the  engineering  profession  of 
wilful  ignorance. 

"It  is  the  profession,  as  represented  by  its 
leaders  in  framing  literature  and  its  foremost 
members  in  the  reinforced  concrete  field,  thar 
is  responsible  for  this  wreck  and  not  the  in- 
dividual designer  who  may  have  done  his  ut- 
most in  following  standard,  though  abominable 
practice." 

Several  other  wrecks  have  taken  place 
since  the  Hencke  building  failure.  In 
one  near  Pittsburgh,  exactly  the  thing 
occurred  that  the  writer  anticipated  in 
the  foregoing  letter.  A  column  on  a 
totally  inadequate  footing  settled  more 
than  an  inch ;  the  highly  stressed  parts  of 
the  building  gave  way  first  by  spalling 
of  another  column,  then  by  total  col- 
lapse. 


FAILURES  IN  BUILDING  CONSTRUCTION 


FIG.   3.    PHOTOGRAPH   SHOWING 

A  significant  and  instructive  feature  of 
this  wreck  was  exhibited  rn  the  breaking 
by  spalHng  and  cracking  of  a  column  in  a 
portion  of  the  building  (of  somewhat 
different  construction  and  of  greater  ■ 
age),  which  did  not  fail.  This  column, 
though  under  but  200  lbs.  per  sq.  in.  of 
compression,  and  thoi^h  situated  60  or 
80  feet  away  from  the  wreck,  broke  ap- 
parently because  of  the  mere  trembhng 
of  the  earth.  The  columns  in  the  col- 
lapsed portion  of  the  building  were  under 
three  or  four  times  as  great  compressive 
stress.  They  were  demolished,  and  their 
"reinforcing"  rods  were  curled  up  in  fan- 
tastic shape,  a  characteristic  of  such  fail- 

The  reason  why  these  upright  slender 
rods  do  not  reinforce  a  concrete  column 
is  absurdly  simple  of  explanation.  When 
the  concrete  is  poured  and  sets,  it  shrinks. 
The  steel  rods  are  then  longer  than  the 
concrete  or  else  are  subject  to  an  initial 
compression.  When  the  load  comes  on 
the  column,  the  tendency  is  to  shorten  it. 
This  puts  additional  load  first  on  the  steel 
rods.  A  slender  rod  in  compression  will. 
of  course,  tend  to  buckle.  These  rods 
have  only  a  little  concrete  over  them  to 
prevent  them   from  buckling.    Concrete 


OP  FAILURE  OP  RODDED  COLUMNS. 

is  no  material  to  tie  steel  and  hold  it 
rigidly  in  line,  and  naturally  the  concrete 
readily  spalls  off,  allowing  the  steel  rods 
to  buckle.  This  is  doubly  weakening  to 
the  column,  for  it  cripples  the  steel  and 
diminishes  the  concrete  area  in  compres- 
sion. 

The  foregoing  explanation  is  so  sim- 
ple that  any  intelligent  person  can  be 
made  to  understand  it,  and  yet  wise  en- 
gineering authors  stuff  their  books  with 
foolish  and  highly  theoretical  trash  pur- 
porting to  show  just  how  the  compres- 
sion in  a  rodded  column  is  divided  be- 
tween ihe  concrete  and  the  steel.  They 
recommend  large  increase  in  the  calcu- 
lated strength  of  a  concrete  column  when 
a  little  wealicwing  steel  is  added. 

The  only  way  that  steel  can  be  made 
to  reinforce  a  concrete  shaft  is  by  sup- 
plying that  which  the  concrete  lacks, 
namely,  tenacity.  When  the  steel  is  in 
slender  rods  lying  in  the  direction  of  the 
compressive  stress,  the  tenacity  of  the 
shaft  is  in  no  wise  aided.  The  sooner 
such  wreck-breeding  columns  are  elimin- 
ated from  designs,  from  building  codes, 
from  committee  reports,  from  books,  the 
better  for  designers,  for  contractors,  and 
for  the  public. 


366 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Figs.  1,  2,  3,  and  4,  illustrate  the  be- 
havior of  redded  concrete  columns  in 
wrecks. 

In  Fif.  1  the  column  near  the  center 
of  the  photograph  is  seen  to  Ije  doubled 
over,  illustrating  its  utter  lack  of  tough- 
ness. For  some  days  after  the  wreck  this 
column  stood  upright,  carrying  no  load, 
however,  for  the  girders  readily  broke 
away  from  it.  The  upper  part  was 
pulled  over  to  prevent  its  doii^  damage 
in  falling.  Imagine  a  steel  column  be- 
ing broken  over  like  this  in  a  collapse 
and  doubling  up  flat  with  the  aid  of  a 
little  rope. 

The  circle  in  Fig.  1  indicates  the  point 
of  failure  of  the  column  loaded  to  200 
lbs.  per  square  inch,  referred  to  in  this 
paper. 

Fig.  2  shows  the  restoration  of  a 
wrecked  column  and  the  girders  which  it 
supported,  as  shown  in  an  engineering 
periodical.  The  utter  inadequacy  of  the 
rods  as  reinforcement  of  the  concrete 
shaft  is  well  shown.     Fig.  3  is  a  photo- 


graph illustrating  the  same  thing.  Note 
the  long  rods,  stripped  of  any  ties  that 
may  have  been  present.  This  standard 
of  design  usually  has  wires  a  foot  or  so 
apart  that  are  supposed  to  tie  in  the  ver- 
tical rods.  Note  also  how  the  columns 
are  broken  away  at  the  beam  connec- 
tions in  both  Figs.  2  and  3  illustratii^ 
the  inadequacy  of  provision  for  shear.  A 
hooped  column  (with  dose-spaced  hoops) 
would  not  fail  in  this  manner.  A  steel 
column  made  of  stiff  sections  latticed  or 
battened  and  filled  and  surrounded  with 
concrete  would  obviate  this  weakness. 
This  could  be  done  either  by  providing 
steel  seats  for  the  girders  or  by  running 
inclined  reinforcing  rods  through  the 
column. 

Fig.  4  shows  another  example  of  sn 
rodded  column  failure.  The  corner  col- 
umn, shown  in  the  foreground,  was  of 
very  large  section  and  carried  compara- 
tively little  load.  The  trifling  strength  of 
the  column  and  lack  of  toughness  are 
clearly  shown  by  its  failure. 


PIQ.  4.    PHOTOGRAPH  SHOWING  FAILURE  OF  HEAVY  CORNER  COLUMN. 


THE  UNITED   STATES  RUBBER  CO.'S  BUILDING 


CARRERE  &  HASTINGS,  Architects 


THE  U.S.  Rubber  Company  Build- 
ing is  located  on  the  southeast  cor- 
ner of  Broadway  and  58th  Street. 
Twenty  stories  of  white,  green-tinged 
Vermont  marble,  with  dark  indented 
window  panels  and  a  surmounting  cor- 
nice of  copper,  wide  projecting  but 
tinted  in  color,  make  it  a  striking  object 
to  the  south  of  Central  Park. 

We  pass  rapidly  over  the  many  points 
of  the  building  which  are  good  to  look 
upon.  There  is  a  delicacy  in  its  archi- 
tectural design  which  is  well  supported 
by  the  materials  employed,  but  for  our 
discussion  the  structural  features  fur- 
nish a  greater  attraction. 

The  foundations  are  upon  rock.  Each 
column  footing  is  made  up  of  a  grillage 
of  steel  beams  set  on  a  concrete  leveling 
course  and  embedded  in  concrete.  The 
walls  of  the  sub-basement  and  basement 
start  on  a  leveling  course  on  the  rock. 
Above  the  street  level  they  are  curtain 
walls.  The  structural  frame  is  of  steel, 
the  heavy  girders  being  built  up  and  the 
lighter  girders  and  beams  being  rolled 
sections.  As  shown  by  the  framing  plan 
of  the  tenth  floor,  the  bays  are  of  fairly 
regular  division,  despite  the  irregular 
shape  of  the  building.  Along  the  street 
sides  the  columns  are  spaced  14  feet 
center  to  center,  and  20  feet  3  inches 
center  to  center  between  the  outside  col- 
umns and  the  next  row.  The  floor  sys- 
tem is  terra  cotta  block  side  construction, 
and  the  main  partitions  running  from 
floor  to  ceiling  are  of  4-inch  and  6-inch 
terra  cotta  blocks  according  to  the  height. 

The  floor  surfaces  are  of  concrete, 
with  the  exception  of  the  principal  halls 
and  corridors,  and  the  toilet  rooms, 
which  have  terrazzo  flooring,  and  certain 


floors  and  corridors  in  the  company's 
offices,  which  have  rubber  tiling. 

The  interior  trim  of  the  building  is  of 
hollow  steel,  and  Dahlstrom  hollow 
steel  doors  are  used  in  all  openings.  As 
exceptions  to  this  general  rule  may  be 
noted  the  railings  and  counters,  and 
some  partitions  in  the  company's  special 
offices  which  are  of  fireproofed  wood. 

All  the  windows  of  the  two  street  fac- 
ing sides  have  kalameined  frames  and 
sash  glazed  with  plain  glass.  These 
were  supplied  by  the  Knoburn  Co.  The 
two  sides  facing  adjoining  property,  and 
the  light  court  to  the  east,  have  hollow 
metal  frames  and  sash  glazed  with  pol- 
ished wire  glass. 

The  elevator  service  consists  of  six 
Otis  traction  passenger  elevators,  three 
of  which  run  from  the  basement  to  the 
14th  floor,  and  three  from  the  ground 
floor  to  the  20th  floor.  There  is  one 
freight  elevator  with  a  rise  of  the  total 
height  of  the  building.  There  is  a  sec- 
ond freight  elevator  of  short  rise  con- 
necting the  sub-basement,  basement  and 
first  story,  and  a  short  rise  passenger  lift 
and  ash  hoist.  Between  the  14th  and 
20th  floors,  there  is  another  short  rise 
passenger  elevator  for  service  to  and 
from  the  company's  offices. 

There  are  two  principal  stairways  in 
the  building,  each  enclosed  in  fireproof 
hallways.  One  of  these  stairways,  as 
shown  by  the  illustration  of  the  rear  of 
the  building,  is  only  approached  by  ex- 
ternal balconies  in  the  court.  To  reach 
it,  it  is  necessary  to  go  entirely  without 
the  building,  approaching  from  the  main 
elevator  hall.  The  stairway  is  thus  com- 
pletely isolated  from  each  floor  except 
the  ground  floor  where  it  gives  on  to  the 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THB   UNITED   STATES   RUHBER    BUILDING,    BROADWAY    AND   58TH    STREET. 
NEW    YORK. 
General  Contractors:  Norcross  Bros.  Co. 
ElectHcRt  Eng-lnpera:   EwinK.   Bacon  &  Henry.  Carrfire  &   Hubilngs,   ArchUe 


THE    UNITED   STATES   RUBBER    BUILDING. 


principal  hallway  through  a  fire  door. 
The  other  stairway  is  in  the  north  wing 
and  adjoins  the  freight  elevator.  This 
stairway  is  shut  off  from  each  story  by 
a  hollow  steel  door  glazed  with  wire 
glass. 

The  plan  of  a  typical  story  which  is 
given,  shows  the  location  of  the  stair 
halls,  elevators  and  the  toilet  rooms. 


FLAN    OF   THE    TENTH    STOKY. 


THE    REAR    OF    THE    BUILDING.    SHOW- 
ING  THE   BALCONIES    LEADING   TO 
THE    ENCLOSED    FIRE -STAIR. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 
\ 


TYPICAI,   ELEVATOR   HALL. 


FREIGHT    ELEVATOR    AND    CHUTE    ENTRANCE    TO    BAS 
THE  U.   S.   RUBETER   BUILDING, 
tal  Iron:  The  Winslow  Broa.   Company,  Carrftre  &   HaBtinga,   Architects, 

nlon  Elevators.  Star  Expansion  Bolts  Used, 

lardware.  Chicago   Spring   Butts   Used. 

m^el  RollioB  Shutters;    Jas.  G.  Wilson  Mfg.  Co. 
Steel   Doors  aniJ  Trim;   Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Company. 


^12 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


The  fire  balconies  above  mentioned,  of 
which  we  show  the  construction  details, 
are  cantilevered  from  the  wall,  as  shown 
by  the  section  at  A-A.  The  balconies 
themselves  are  built  of  reinforced  con- 
crete and  the  construction  is  a  very  sim- 
ple and  substantial  one.  The  supporting 
beams  of  the  balcony  rest  on  a  20-inch 
I-beam  in  the  wall,  and  are  fastened  un- 
der 12-inch  channels  at  the  inner  face  of 
the  wall.  The  length  of  the  balcony 
beams  is  5  feet  4  inches. 

The  New  York  branch  of  the  U.  S. 
Tire  Company  occupies  the  sub-base- 
ment, basement,  groimd  floor  and 
mezzanine,  and  is  the  loca)  sales 
department  of  the  company.  The 
14th  floor  is  occupied  by  the 
General  Rubber  Company,  the  15th 
to  17th  by  the  U.  S.  Tire  Company  and 
the  18th  'to  20th  by  the  C.  S.  Rubber 
Company.  The  2d  to  13th  floors  of  the 
building  are  rented  to  outside  parties. 
Connecting  the  stories  occupied  by  the 


rubber  companies  there  are  private  stair- 
ways as  well  as  the  short  rise  elevator, 
previously  mentioned,  for  the  facilita- 
tion of  service. 

A  pneumatic  tube  system  connects  all 
the  offices  of  the  U.  S.  Rubber  Company 
and  the  oflices  of  its  allied  interests  on 
the  ground  and  upper  stories,  facilitat- 
ing service  and  the  delivery  of  messages 
at  all  points. 

There  are  ducts  run  up  through  the 
building  for  various  purposes,  located 
mostly  at  (he  columns.  Water  supply 
circuits  are  placed  in  small  chases,  and 
plumbing  lines  in  the  larger  ones.  There 
are  separate  pipe  shafts  for  each  of  the 
toilets  and  two  separate  shafts  for  the 
electric  conduits  and  a  shaft  for  low 
tension  wires. 

The  finish  of  the  building  consists  of 
a  fine  entrance  hall,  floored  and  panelled 
to  the  ceiling  with  Botticino  marble 
topped  with  an  ornamental  frieze  and 
ceiling  in  plaster.    The  upper  stair  halls 


THE    UNITED    STATES   RUBBER    BUILDING. 


SAL.KS  ROOM  OF  THE  U.  S,  TIKE  CO.,  FIKST  FLOUK  OF  THK  L'.  S.  KUBBEK  inJILDI> 

Clocks:    The  Mattnela  Company,   Inc.  Currfre  &   Haslinsa.    Archlte 

Evans'    "Crescent"    Expansion   Bolta   Used.  Giant  Sash   Pulleys. 

MetrupoHtan   Detuctiable  Push  Button  Switches.       Stanley's  Bull  Bearing  Hinges  Used. 

Ornamental   I'laster  and   Imluition  Cuen  Slona:     H.    W.   Miller.    Inc. 

Woodwork;  George  W.  Cobb,  Jr.  "FrsHco"    While   Pnlnt   Us.'d. 


374 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


are  wainscoted  with  white  marble  with 
plain  plaster  above.  The  stair  halls  are 
plainly  plastered  with  slate  bases,  and  the 
stairways  are  of  plain  iron  with  slate 
treads.  The  elevator  fronts  throughout 
are  of  simply  designed  ornamental  iron. 
This  work  was  done  by  The  Winslow 
Bros.  Company.  In  the  store  the 
imitation  Caen  stone  was  put  in  by 
H.  W.  Miller,  Inc.,  who  did  the  orna- 
mental plastering  throughout  the  build- 
ing. The  trim,  which  is  of  mahogany, 
was  done  by  George  W.  Cobb.  Jr. 

The  fire  protection  system  consists  of 
three  stand  pipes  concealed  within  the 
walls,  one  located  in  each  stair  well  and 
one  in  the  main  elevator  hall.  The  hose 
reels  are  open  in  the  stair  halls  and  en- 
closed in  cabinets  in  the  elevator  hall. 
The  doors  to  the  freight  elevator  are 
Peelle  automatic  fire  doors  and  a  Wilson 
steel  rolling  shutter  is  used  at  the  U.  S. 
Tire  Company's  freight  entrance  and  a 
folding  type  door  at  the  general  freight 
entrance. 

An  automatic  sprinkler  equipment  is 
provided  in  the  basement  and  sub-base- 
ment, and  the  stand  pipes  are  in  so  that 
arty  floor  of  the  building  may  be  equipped 
if  necessary.  The  supply  is  from  two 
compression  tanks  placed  on  the  roof. 

In  the  offices  of  the  rubber  company 
the  partitions  are  of  African  mahogany 
which  is  fireproofed  wood,  glazed  with 
large  glass  panes.  There  is  a  Gamewell 
auxiliary  fire  alarm  system  installed, 
with  signal  boxes  on  every  floor  in  the 
main  elevator  hall.  There  is  a  Magneta 
clock  system    throughout    the    building 


with  a  fine  double-faced  clock  in     the 

■ 

store. 

The  mechanical  plant  is  reduced  to  a 
minimum  and  is  divided  between  the 
sub-basement  and  the  roof.  The  sub- 
basement  has  coal  pockets  on  the  north 
side  which  open  directly  into  the  boiler 
room,  wherein  there  are  three  Fitzgib- 
bons  heating  boilers  for  the  heating 
system  and  hot  water  supply.  All  equip- 
ment is  in  duplicate.  There  are  two  elec- 
trically driven  vacuum  pumps  in  connec- 
tion with  the  heating  system.  The  water 
supply  consists  of  two  electrically  driven 
house  pumps,  a  large  suction  tank,  and 
three  steam  hot  water  heaters  for  low, 
intermediate  and  high  supply,  the 
building  being  divided  into  three  sec- 
tions for  economy  of  service.  There  arc 
three  sump  pumps  for  sewage  disposal. 
The  blower  for  the  pneumatic  tube  sys- 
tem is  located  in  the  sub-basement.  The 
mechanical  ventilating  system  consists 
of  a  forced  draft  fan  which  supplies 
clean,  cool  air  through  a  Webster  air 
wa.^her,  and  an  exhaust  blower  which 
rids  the  rooms  of  the  basement  and  sub- 
basement  of  foul  air.  On  the  roof  in  the 
pent  houses  are  the  overhead  machines 
of  the  elevators,  and  various  pumps.  The 
vacuum  cleaning  is  done  by  portable 
cleaners.  Edison  service  is  used  for  all 
power.  Ewing,  Bacon  &  Henry  were 
the  electrical  engineers.  Frank  Sutton 
was  the  heating  engineer.  The  struc- 
tural steel  was  furnished  and  erected 
by  Post  &  McCord,  and  the  general  con- 
tractors were  Norcross  Brothers  Com- 
pany. 


i 


THE  ARCHITECTS'  BUILDING. 


PERSPECTIVE   OF  THE  AKCHITECTH^   BUILDING,    PARK   AVENUE   AND   <OTM 
STREET,    NEW    YORK. 
BnB-lneera  and  Managera:   Ewlng.  Bacon   &  Henry.  Ewlng  &  Chappell.    (  Assoclal* 

Star  Bipanslon  Bolts  Used.  La  Farge  &  Morris,  (  Archltecl 

Elvans'  "CreBcenC"   Expansion  Bolts  UB«d. 
Otis  Elevators. 
Fireproof   Windows;    S.   H.   Pomeroy  Co..   Inc. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


^^rt- *■■<»■-»    ^-a-^    v-Xr~v 


THE    IVH.SOS''  BUILDING. 


THE    WILSON  BUII.LIINO.    WITH   THE   HOTEL  MAIITINIQL'R   AS  A  BACKGROUXD, 

BnOADWAV   AND   S3H1)   KTHEBT.   NEW    YORK. 
Otla  Blevatoi'B,  Iti.uBe  &   Uoldstone.  Archllects. 

Dixon's^  Silica-Graphtte    IMlnt    Used. 

Amerlcun    Knameled    HrJok    I'aed. 
Melropolllan    Deluchable  M(>vliiinliiTti   .Switches. 
Fireproof   [Hjors:    Leonuid  Sheet    Melal    Works. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Bulldem;       _    _„ 

Mill   Work:     FlliEerald-Speer  Co. 

Fireproof  Doora   and   "■■--■ ' 

Chlcaco   Spring  Butts 


L.eotiard  Sheet  Metal  Works. 


NATIONAL   STATE   BANK. 


NATIONAL,     STATE     BANK. 

Cbbb  Gilbert,   Archllac 


Qrant   Overhee 


ARCHITECTURE  AXD  BUILDING 


AN  OFFICE  FOYER    FLOORED    WITH      KOMPOL.ITE. 


THE     'CURVED     WINU"     REVOLVING  DOOR    AT  THE  -MAIN   FOYER. 

THE   MAIN    ENTRANCE. 

NATIONAL    STATE    B.\NK,    NEWARK.    N.    J. 
A.    n.    See    Elevators.  "^ass   Gilbert. 

LtKhtliiK    Fixtures;    The    Browe    Compa  nv. 
Floors:     GenPral    Kotnimllte  Co. 

RevolvitiE    noora:     Atchison    RevolvlnK     lloor    Co. 
Mill    Worlt:     FItZKeralil-Spesr   Co. 


OTIS  ELEVATOR  BUILDING,  NEW  YORK 


CLINTON  &  RUSSELL,  Architects 


IN  order  to  bring  all  of  its  offices  and 
departments  under  one  roof,  the 
Otis  Elevator  Company  has  erected  on 
the  east  side  of  11th  Avenue,,  between 
26th  and  27th  Streets,  a  new  building 
which  from  the  standpoint  of  construc- 
tion is  an  excellent  example  of  a  build- 
ing combining  business  offices  and  ser- 
vice work. 

THE  BUILDING  AND  ITS  CONSTRUCTION. 

The  building  faces  on  11th  Avenue 
with  a  frontage  of  100  feet  2  inches  on 
26th  Street  and  125  feet  on  27th  Street. 
It  has  seven  stories  and  is  117  feet  high 
from  curb  to  cornice.  The  first  story  is 
18  feet  3  inches  in  the  clear  and  has  a 
mezzanine  running  its  full  length  at  the 
back.  The  second  story  is  13  feet  11 
inches  high,  the  third,  13  feet  2  inches 
high;  the  fourth,  fifth  and  sixth  11  feet 
8  inches,  and  the  seventh  story  12  feet 
clear.  On  the  roof  are  the  kitchen, 
tanks,  and  elevator  pent  houses.  The 
garage  which  houses  the  company's^ 
machines  occupies  three  stories  on  the 
25fh  Strrct- side.,  with  a  mezzanine  floor 
between  the  first  and  second  stories,  and 
is  entirely  separate  from  the  main  build- 
ing. Every  contrivance  for  the  proper 
care  of  the  automobiles  is  included  in 
this  equipment. 

The  building  rests  on  pile  foundations 
capped  with  grillage  footings  composed 
of  steel  beams  bedded  in  concrete.  The 
frame  is  of  structural  steel,  the  beams 
and  girders  dividing  the  floor  area  into 
regular  panels  of  about  20  feet  square, 
which  are  spanned  by  Roebling  system 
concrete  floor  arches. 

The  exterior  walls  are  curtain  walls 


of  brick.  The  street  faces  above  the 
Conway  pink  granite  base  are  of  tapes- 
try brick  laid  with  half-inch  joints.  The 
faces  of  piers,  and  spandrels  below  win- 
dows are  ornamented  with  a  panel  treat- 
ment in  the  brick  work  with  ornamental 
cartouches  of  limestone.  The  interior 
court  walls  are  of  light  buff  brick.  The 
building  is  toppedotit  with  a  wide,  over- 
hanging, heavy  pressed  copper  cornice  of 
elaborate  design.  The  live  floor  loads  are 
300  pounds  per  square  foot  for  the  sec- 
ond floor,  200  pounds  for  the  third,  and 
120  pounds  on  all  floors  above.  The  first 
story  rests  upon  the  ground.  The  roof 
surface  is  of  slag  waterproofed  in  the 
usual  manner  on  top  of  the  concrete  roof 
system. 

There  are  four  fireproofed  enclosed 
stairways  in  various  sections  of  the 
building  leading  from  the  entrances  on 
the  26th  and  27th  Street  sides  and  the 
main  entrance  on  11th  Avenue. 

The  flooring  throughout  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  ground  floor,  which  is  of 
cement,  consists  of  maple  laid  on 
sleepers  with  a  cinder  fill  between  over 
the  structural  floor  system.  In  the  pri- 
vate and  executive  offices  quartered  oak 
is  used.  The  interior  fireproof  par- 
titions are  of  4-inch  hollow-tile  about  all 
vertical  openings  through  the  building 
and  about  the  private  offices.  Elsewhere 
the  office  partitions  are  of  wood  and 
glass,  oak  on  the  second,  third  and  fourth 
floors,  and  mahogany  on  the  fifth,  sixth 
and  seventh.  The  street  facing  windows 
have  wooden  frames  and  sash,  the  court 
windows  have  kalameined  frames  and 
sash,  glazed  with  wire-glass.    All  doors 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


OTIS  ELEVATOR   BUILDING.     MAIN   ENTKANCB    FOYER. 


Evans'  "Crescent"  Expansion  Bolts  Used. 

and  trim  in  the  stair  wells  and  elevator 
shafts  are  of  hollow  metal.  The  doors 
are  all  self-closing. 

THE   ELEV.'VTORS. 

The  elevator  equipment  comprises 
various  types  of  machines  of  the  latest 
Otis  design. 

FIRE    PROTECTION. 

The  fire  protection  system  of  the 
building  is  very  extensive.  There  is  an 
interior  automatic  sprinkler  equipment 
and  a  system  of  water  curtains  over  the 
interior  court  windows.  The  stand- 
pipe  and  hose  consists  of  three  stand- 
pipes  run  up  in  three  of  the  stair  wells. 
The  standpipes  are  4-inch  to  the  fifth 
floor  and  2j^-inch  above.  There  are  29 
hose  stations  in  all,  one  of  which  is  on 
the  fire  pump.  The  primary  supply  for 
the  standpipe  system  is  from  the  house 
tank  of  10,000  gallons  capacity.     A  sec- 


ondary supply  is  from  an  external  con- 
nection to  this  standpipe  system  from 
three  Siamese  steamer  connections,  one 
on  each  face  of  the  building. 

The  automatic  sprinkler  system  is  wet 
piped  throughout  the  building.  It  is  sup- 
plied by  a  30,000-gallon  gravity  tank,  20 
feet  above  the  roof  and  from  a  750- 
gallon  electrically  driven  rotary  fire 
pump,  located  in  the  basement,  and 
there  is  also  connection  to  three  Siamese 
steamer  connections,  one  on  each  face  of 
the  building  and  separate  from  the  con- 
nections supplying  the  standpipe  system. 
There  are  three  risers  for  the  automatic 
sprinklers,  one  4-inch  and  two  5-inch. 
There  are  no  alarm  valve  connections  on 
the  sprinkler  system.  The  sprinkler  sys- 
tem is  open-piped  throughout,  with  the 
exception  that  in  the  entrance  hallway 
and  in  the  offices  of  the  top  floor,  invert- 


OTIS  ELEVATOR    BUILDING. 


ELEVATION  OF  SOUTHWEST  CORNER, 


1    &    Russell.    Archllecta. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


im 


OTIS  ELEVATOR   BUILDING. 


THE   PRESIDENT'S   OFFICE. 


■ 

bjEA         \ 

KHJi° 


u 


..J 


Clinton    &   Rusaell.    Architects. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


OTIS    ELEVATOR    BUILDING. 


Hollow  Steel  Doors  and  Trim 

Corbln  Hardware. 

Star  Expansion  Bolta  Used. 


ed  sprinklers  with  concealed  pipes  are  in- 
stalled. International  Heads  are  used. 
The  dry  pipe,  open  sprinkler  system 
which  is  designed  to  provide  a  water  cur- 
tain over  the  court  windows  exposed  to 
external  hazard,  is  designed  to  receive 
its  supply  directly  from  the  fire  pump  in 
the  basement. 

SERVICE    AND    TOWER    EQUIPMEXT. 

All  power  for  the  building  is  supplied 
by  electric  current  obtained  from  the 
Edison  service.  A  vacuum  cleaner  sys- 
tem with  exhaust  pumps  in  the  basement 
and  piped  outlets  leads  to  all  points  in 
the  building.  There  are  filters  for  the 
water  supply  and  the  water  is  chilled  by 
ice  coolers  located  above  the  drinking 
water  fountains — two  on  each  floor.  In- 
dividual drinking  cups  are  furnished  for 
employees'  use.  The  vacuum  steam  heat- 
ing system  is  supplied  with  steam  from 
three  low  pressure  boilers  located  in  the 


I  Metallic  Door. 

basement.  For  inter-department  corres- 
pondence and  orders,  there  has  been  in- 
stalled a  15-station  I^mpson  pneumatic 
tube  system.  There  is  both  Western 
Union  and  Postal  Telegraph  service. 

DEr'.\RTME.VT  DISTRIBUTION. 

Department  distribution  and  the  uses 
to  which  the  various  floors  are  put  form 
an  economic  problem  which  we  can  but 
briefly  discuss.  The  first  and  second 
stories  are  devoted  to  machine  shops  for 
the  construction  and  service  depart- 
ments. The  basement  is  occupied  by  the 
heating  plant,  pumping  machinery, 
filters  and  other  equipment  for  the 
house  service.  On  the  third  and  fourth 
stories  are  located  the  service  depart- 
ment, drafting  rooms,  manufacluring 
and  order  departments,  purchasing  de- 
partment, etc.  The  treasurer's  and 
comptroller's  departments,  the  legal  and 
cost  departments  occupy  the  fifth  story. 


OTIS  ELEVATOR   BUILDING. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


The  sixth  story  furnishes  space  for  the 
general  sales  manager's  office,  sales, 
estimating,  escalator  and  advertising  de- 
partments. 

On  the  seventh  story  are  located  the 
executive  offices,  board  room,  engineer- 
ing room  and  the  dining  rooms  for  the 
company's  employees. 

SHOW    ROOM. 

To  the  right  of  the  main  entrance 
there  is  a  show  room  for  exhibiting  ele- 
vator parts. 


The  building  was  built  by  the  Thomp- 
son Starrett  Company  under  the  super- 
vision of  Clinton  &  Russell,  architects, 
Fiske  &  Company,  Inc.,  tapestry  brick 
were  used  for  the  exterior.  The  auto- 
matic sprinklers  and  water  supplies  were 
installed  by  W.  L.  Fleisher  &  Co.,  Inc. 
Dahlstrom  hollow  steel  doors  were  used. 
The  copper  cornices  and  metal  windows 
were  put  in  by  the  Herrmann  &  Grace 
Company.  Loomis-Manning  water  filters 
were  used. 


FRAMING  PLAN  FOR  4TH,   BTH  AND  TTH 

OT1.S  ELEVATOR  BUILDING. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


{Advertisement  Continued  from  August  issue) 

Read  This  Letter 

Here  is  the  Proof  after  10  Yean*  uue 

Escalators  («rHora«staii«ars)are  Indispensable  wherever  Installed 


r 


Eicalators  or  Moving  Slairwayi  are  the 
most  practical  way  of  bikndliiig  people  en- 
masse — of  making  each  floor  or  level  accca- 
lible  and  usable.  Escalators  have  proved 
the  key  to  progress  where  the  safe,  quick 
and  comfortable  handling  of  large  masses 
of  people  is  concerned,  not  only  in  public 
Krvicc  stations,  butalso  in  the  great  stores 
and  mills.  Escalators  have  demonstrated 
that  they  are  indispensable  wherever  they 
have  been  installed.  Actual  everyday  ex- 
perience for  over  ten  years  has  shown  that 
Escalators  have  solved  the  difficult  phase 
of  the  transportation  problem.  Esc^ators 
should  be  in  every  private  and  public  place 
nhere  the  safe  and  speedy  removal  of  peo- 
ple from  one  level  to  another  is  a  pressing 
necessity. 

Escalators  vrill  pay  for  their  cost  in  the 
saving  of  employees'  time  and  enen^y. 
Statistics  prove  that  employees  climbing 
old-time  stairs  so  deplete  their  energy  that 
onan  avetafe  the  first  quarter-hour  of  each 
individual  is  a  dead  toss;  whereas  using  the 
Escalator  each  employee  is  transported 
quickly,  safely,  comfortably  and  without 
physical  effort; — thereby  conserving  every 
atom  of  their  energy,  saving  tl-eir  time 
and  largely  increasing  their  efficiency. 

Running  continuously  in  one  direction 
no  timcis  wasted  in  stops  to  loadorunlnad 
^no  power  is  wasted  in  intermittent  starl- 
ing and  slopping— no  operator  isrequired 
— there  are  no  l^ck-tracks — no  disciiarging 
handle  from  6,000  to  11,800  passengers  pci 
all  that  is  required  for  operation,  and  the  cii 
Without  obligation  ou 
mation  and  submit  estii 


B««  Torlt  Oltf. 


9  r^tv  lattex  ef  xsMnt  d 


I  (6,000  to  10,000) 


few  th«  lUln  floor  to  tho  rixst  Floox, 
o«p«attr  of  tro«  «ix  to  tan  thooMAd  '.  . 
P«<b1«  par  hoor.       Of  oonzaa,  *■  thta  ■■Aino  OKxla* 
thkt  Amount  of  paopl*,  and  *ltli  otu  olsbt   (8)  Kl«*ator« 
OAXrirliic  pBaiasgeis  Alae,  our  laahlnaa  en  tha  nppOT 
floora  tMt*  to  oairy  orovda  aorroapondllnB.     8o  In  •»- 
B«aT  to  roue  quaatlon  *s  to  thaU  tkIuo,   I  ^t  asT 
tbat  Qioto  u^inaa  ara  InTalnabla* 

Rmo  t°u  oona  to  oaxry  fre*  olsitt  to  tan 
ttiouaand  pacyla  par  lionr  on  »  MiAlaa,   It  ob<l«taa  kll 
poaatbllltr  ox  oUnoa  of  tba  ^Ain*  balng  laatallad 
•Itbax  for  pl*r  ox  fox  a  ]ok«. 

I  alght  add  wltb  xaprd  to  tboia  akchinaa  In 
dap«xtaont  atoxas  ndb  «•  otira,  or  anj  •l»llax  to  Miia, 
that  thay  play  Jvat  aa  l^oxtkat  ft  part  In  tha  atora  •> 
doaa  tho  oountox  ovar  Atob  tho  nods  «ra  aald.  In 
faot,  la  mar  of  our  big  atoraa  It  «ould  ba  iBOaalbla 
to  txanafar  tha  panla  fxoa  on*  tloe«  to  anouox  wlt^ 
out  tha  aid  of  Kaoalatora. 

(ha  atora  wlablna  or  Intandlng  to  try  *«  >■* 
■long  altbotit  th«i  «o«ld  find  thaaaalTaa  b«dl7  Madl- 
ovpad  dtwing  tha  bvay  aMaon. 

RMpaotfnlljr  T<'0'*> 

asammn-vtamu  opecBB  ockfut. 


ObiMt  ftiglnaor. 


and  rehandling  of  passengers — 16»  met»ni«n(  Is  conilnaaaa.  It  will 
keep  up  this  capacity  year  after  year.  An  electric  motor  is 
results  considered,  is  relatively  small. 


Otis   Elevator  Company 

Eleventh  Avenue  and  Twenty-Sixth  Street,  New  York 

Offku  is  an  PriKipU  CiUe*  ef  llw  WoHd 


18 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


HOW  TO  PLAN  A  LIBRARY  BUILDING 
FOR  LIBRARY  WORK,  by  Charles  C. 
Soule,  Boston.     The  Boston   Book  Com- 
pany.    Cloth.     Price,  $2.00. 
At  last  we  seem  to  have  presented  before  us 
in  the  seventh  volume  of  the  Useful  Reference 
Series,  a  book  which  tells  us  practically  every- 
thing  about   library    planning.      An     editorial 
preface  to  the  work  comments  on  the  author's 
capacity  for  the  work  as  a  competent  authority 
in  the  field  of  library  building  and  planning, 
although  a  librarian  and  not  an  architect.  In 
the  author's  preface  he  outlines  the  following 
themes  of  the  volume:  Pre-eminence  of  utility 
over  display;   the   practical   nature   of  library 
work;   the  importance  and  variety  of  its   de- 
tails; their  differentiation  from  other  kinds  of 
work;  the  vital  need  of  consulting  library  ex- 
perts.    In  the  table  of  contents  he  epitomizes 
the  book.    To  comment  on  the  contents  of  the 
book  in  detail  is  difficult.     To  generalize,  we 
may  say  that  to  the  architect  planning  a  li- 
brary, the  information  is  so  essential  that  we" 
believe  he  would  be  foolish  to  essay  his  prob- 
lem without  considering  the  contents  of  these 
pages,  for  so  fully  into  the  detail  of  a  library's 
requirements  has  the  author  gone  that  an  ar- 
chitect   must    needs    plead    ignorance    of    his 
subject  if  he  has  not  perused  its  pages.     The 
publishers  present  an  interesting  question  as 
to  the  matter  of  illustrations.    Feeling  that  the 
illustration  of  the  book  at  all  required  an  ex- 
tensive use  of  plates,  the  author  has  treated 
the  subject  in  text  only  and  a  query  blank  is 
sent  out  with  each  book  requesting  the  read- 
er's opinion;  if  he  would  be  interested  in  a  sup- 
plementary   book    of    illustrations    which    the 
publishers  stand  ready  to  prepare  if  there  is  a 
demand  for  it. 


we  find  a  completely  new  collection  of  illustra- 
tions and  an  accompanying  text.  This  work 
is  a  technical  treatise  and  it  is  one  for  the  use 
of  the  engineer  and  the  student  of  lighting. 
Practical  application  of  theory  is  of  limited  ex- 
tent, but  the  theory  itself  is  well  and  thor- 
oughly presented. 


THE  ART. OF  ILLUMINATION,  by  Louis 
Bell,    Ph.D.     Second    Edition,   thoroughly 
revised,  enlarged  and  reset.    McGraw-Hill 
Book  Company,  New  York.  Cloth.    Price, 
$2.50  net. 
The  author  of  this  work  in  his  preface  com- 
ments upon  the  great  advance  in  the  available 
materials  for  artificial  illumination  which  have 
come  into  use  within  the  last  few  years.    The 
great  advances  m  the  appliances  for  illumin- 
ating  purposes    have    so    completely    changed 
the   physical   aspect   of   the   subject   that   the 
thorough  revisement  enlarging  and  resetting 
of  this  second  edition  was  necessitated.     Both 
gas  and  electric   illuminants   and  methods   of 
their  use  have  completely  altered  in  a  decade 
and  higher  efficiency  is  to  be  noted  on  every 
side.     The  principles  of  illumination  have  re- 
mained the  same,  and  in  that  portion  of  the 
book  which    deals   with   photometry   there   is 
little  change.     In   the   illuminants   themselves 


KNOTS,  SPLICES  AND  ROPE  WORK,  by 
A.   Hyatt   Verrill,   New  York.     The   Nor- 
man  W.  Henley  Publishing  Co.     Price  60 
cents. 
As  is  necessary  in  such  a  volume,  the  illus- 
trations are  the  main  feature,  as  they  tell  more 
than  a  very  extensive  explanation  in  the  text. 
There  are  some  150  illustrations,  which  show 
an    almost   limitless    variety    of   the    ordinary 
knots,  splices  and  fancy  knots  which  may  ap- 
peal to  the  amateur  yachtsman  both  as  a  past- 
time  and  lor  actual  use. 


MODERN    ILLUMINATION    THEORY 
AND    PRACTICE,   by   Henry   C.    Horst- 
man  and  Victor  H.  Tousley.     The  Fred- 
erick  J.    Drake    Company,    Chicago,    pub- 
lishers.    Flexible  leather.     Price,  $2. 
This  work,  we  believe,  will  supply  the  de- 
mand for  a  practical  working  treatise  on  the 
subject  of  illumination.     The  efficient  use  of 
artificial    illumination    involves     efficiency     of 
the   source   of  light  and   its   application,   and 
also  economy   in   maintenance  and   operation. 
This  subject  has  received  within  the  last  few 
years  a  deservedly  careful  consideration  from 
engineers  who  have  specialized  in  the  subject 
and   made   it   a   special   field   of  study.     This 
work  now  presented  is  intended  for  the  prac- 
tical workman  and   it   gives   sufficient   of  the 
theory    of    illumination    to    give    its    users    a 
comprehension    of    the    underlying    principles 
which  govern  the  practical  work  which  they 
do.     This  book  should  be  as     equally  useful 
to  architects  and  building  superintendents  as 
it   is  to   electricians  who   make   it  their  busi- 
ness to  install  lighting  equipments. 

The  chapter  on  plans  and  specifications 
should  be  of  use  to  all,  as  it  gives  concisely 
the  elements  involved.  Among  the  subjects 
treated  in  the  chapters  of  the  book  are  il- 
lumination, calculations,  characteristics  of 
electrical  luminants,  shades  and  reflectors,  lo- 
cation and  height  of  lamps,  indirect  lighting, 
practical  considerations,  plans  and  specifica- 
tions, illuminating  tables  and  a  glossary  of 
terms  and  phrases. 

The  chapter  on  practical  considerations 
deals  with  the  illuminating  of  apartment  build- 
ings, taking  them  up  room  by  room,  art  gal- 
leries, ball  rooms,  banks,  barber  shops,  bil- 
liard halls,  bill  boards,  churchesi  department 
stores,  desk  lighting,  electric  signs,  factories, 
hospitals,  hotels,  libraries,  maving  picture  the- 
atres, outline  lighting,  saloons,  shelving,  street 
lighting,  theatres,  train  lighting  and  many  oth- 
er special  conditions.  The  suggestions  are  all 
valuable  and  practical. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


wrltlne-  Adverttaers,  please   mentlot 


20 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


Art  and  Architecture 

OSCAR     WENDEROTH,     SUPERVISING 

ARCHITECT  OF  THE  TREASURY 

DEPARTMENT. 

On  June  first  Mr.  Oscar  Wenderoth  suc- 
ceeded Mr.  James  Knox  Taylor  in  the  ca- 
pacity of  supervising  architect  of  the  Treas- 
ury Department,  assuming  his  duties  on  July 
16. 

Mr.  Wenderoth  has  had  a  varied  experience 
in  the  profession,  having  been  a  draughts- 
man in  the  offices  of  various  well-known 
architects  of  Philadelphia  and  as  a  draughts- 
man for  a  considerable  period  in  the  super- 
vising architect's  office.  In  1904  he  was  ap- 
pointed head  draughtsman  to  the  superin- 
tendent of  the  United  States  Capitol,  and  was 
in  charge  of  drawing  the  plans  for  several 
of  the  new  Government  buildings.  In  1909 
he  became  head  draughtsman  for  Carrere  & 
Hastings  in  New  York,  which  position  he  oc- 
cupied up  to  the  time  of  the  present  appoint- 
ment. 

Mr.  Wenderoth  was  born  in  Philadelphia 
April  10,  1871,  and  received  his  schooling  in 
the  Philadelphia  grammar  schools.  At  the  age 
of  fifteen  he  took  up  the  study  of  architecture, 
beginning  as  a  draughtsman.  His  present  ap- 
pointment will  undoubtedly  be  approved  by 
American  architects. 


UNITED  STATES  CIVIL  SERVICE  EX- 
AMINATION FOR  ENGINEER 
DRAFTSMAN  (MALE).  SUPERVIS- 
ING ARCHITECT'S  OFFICE.  OCTO- 
BER  16-17,  1912. 

The  United  States  Civil  Service  Commission 
announces  the  postponement  to  October  16- 
17,  1912,  of  the  open  competitive  examination 
for  engineer  draftsman  for  men  only,  an- 
nounced to  be  held  on  September  11-12,  1912, 
at  the  places  mentioned  in  their  printed  list 
From  the  register  of  eligibles  resulting  from 
this  examination  certification  will  be  made  to 
fill  vacancies  in  the  office  of  /the  Super- 
vising Architect,  Treasury  Department,  at  en- 
trance salaries  ranging  from  $1,600  to  $2,000 
per  annum,  and  vacancies  as  they  may  occur 
requiring  similar  qualifications,  unless  it  is 
found  to  be  in  the  interest  of  the  service  to 
fill  any  vacancy  by  reinstatement,  transfer,  or 
promotion. 


A   NEW   SCHEDULE   OF   ARCHITECTS' 
FEES  IN  CANADA. 

A  new  schedule  of  fees  has  been  approved 
recently  for  the  Province  of  Quebec  Asso- 
ciation of  Architects.  The  scedulc  provides 
as  follows: 

No.    8 — For    professional    services    in    con- 


nection with  all  buildings,  comprising  pre- 
liminary studies,  complete  plans,  specifica- 
tions, details  and  superintendence,  the  archi- 
tect shall  be  entitled,  except  as  hereinafter 
provided,  to  a  commission  of  five  per  cent,  on 
the  total  cost  of  the  building  when  completed. 

No.  9 — For  all  works  of  addition,  altera- 
tion, or  restoration,  the  architect  shall  be  en- 
titled to  a  commission  of  seven  and  one-half 
per  cent,  on  the  cost  of  the  works. 

No.  10 — For  all  other  works  of  special 
character,  viz.:  For  monumental  work,  fittings 
and  furniture,  and  for  decorative  work,  stained 
glass  and  such  like,  the  architect  shall  be  en- 
titled to  a  commission  of  ten  per  cent,  on  the 
total  cost  of  the  work. 

No.  12 — Where  engineers  or  other  experts 
are  employed  by  the  owner  to  co-operate  with 
the  architect  for  certain  works  (as  for  heat- 
ing, ventilation,  electric  work,  etc.),  the  archi- 
tect shall  receive  for  his  commission  two  and 
one-half  per  cent,  of  the  cost  of  such  work. 

These  are  the  principal  provisions  of  the 
new  schedule. 


THE  BURNING  OF  A  COUNTRY  HOUSE. 

Considerable  mention  has  recently  been 
made  in  the  daily  papers  of  the  burning  of  the 
residence  of  Thomas  Hastings,  of  the  firm 
of  Carrere  &  Hastings.  This  house  was  at 
Wheatley  Hills,  near  Roslyn,  L.  I.,  and  has 
been  variously  estimated  at  a  value  of  $150,- 
000,   including  the  contents. 

The  contents  of  the  house  were  very  largely 
salvaged,  due  to  the  prompt  action  of  neigh- 
bors and  servants  from  surrounding  estates. 
The  house,  however,  which  was  three  stories 
in  height  and  built  of  brick,  is  practically  a 
total  loss,  despite  the  fact  that  the  fire  de- 
partment reached  the  fire  in  about  nine  min- 
utes' time.  The  firemen  could  do  little  bui 
watch  the  house  burn,  however,  as  there  were 
no  hydrants  on  the  estate,  and  as  there  were 
only  a  few  small  and  scattered  water  tanks 
the  hose  could  not  be  used. 

Our  isolated  country  house  presents  a  fire 
problem   that   is   often   a   hard   one    to   solve. 


HOWARD  M.  INGHAM 

MEM.  AM.  sec.  M.  £. 

Industrial  Engineer 

SPECIALIST   IiV   THE 
INSTALLATION   OP 

Simple^  Direct^  Effective  Methods 

of 
Office  Management 

i6o  FIFTH  AVE.,  NEW  YORK 


When   writing:  Advertisers,   please   mention  Architecture  and   Baildinir. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


However,  we  are  confident  that  considerable 
could  be  done  to  ameliorate  conditions  by  the 
use  of  cliemical  cKtinguishers  of  the  larger 
portable  sizes.  The  country  iiouse  owner 
would  do  well  to  give  the  lire  problem  a  little 
more  serious  consideration  than  he  does  at 
the  present  time,  and  we  have  no  doubt  that 
he   could   greatly   improve   present   conditions. 


Win.  Leslie  VVellon,  architect,  has  moved 
to  his  new  office.  1906-7-8-9  American  Trusi 
&  Savings  Bank  Building,  Birmingham.  Ala. 
Material  men  kindly  send  up  to  date  samples 
and  calalogues  for  twelve-story  fireproof  ho- 
tel and   twenty-story  office  building. 


NEW    OFFICIAL   BADGE    OF   THE    BU- 
REAU OP  BUILDINGS,  BOROUGH 
OF  MANHATTAN. 

All  badges  of  every  description,  purportmg 
to  represent  and  to  have  been  issued  by  au- 
thority of  this  Bureau,  or  of  the  old  "Build- 
ing Department"  so  far  as  Manhattan  Borough 
is  concerned,  are  hereby  recalled  and  made 
void;  and  the  adoption  and  issuance  of  a  new 
official  badge,  effective  September  3,  1912,  is 
hereby  promulgated  to  all  whom  it  may  con- 
All  City  departments,  property  owners, 
agents,  tenants,  architects  and  builders  are 
requested  to  recognize  hereafter  only  such 
badges  of  this  Bureau  as  are  identical  with 
the  careful  description  herein  given  (ex- 
cept for  variation  in  the  civil  service  title>. 
The  new  badge  measures  two  and  five-eighth 
inches  high  by  one  and  five-eighth  inches  wide; 
the  capital  B  is  covered  with  green  enamel; 
the  number  of  the  badge  is  in  black  enamel; 
and  the  framework,  the  City  seal  and  all 
lettering  are  in  gold. 

These  new  badges  are  the  property  of  The 
City  of  New  York.  Hereafter  they  will  be  is- 
sued only  to  actual  employees  of  this  Bureau, 
and  recalled  upon  the  termination  of  such 
employment. 


All  old  badges  now  outstanding  are  also  the 
property  of  The  City  of  New  York,  and  their 
return  to  this  office  for  cancellation  is  hereby 
requested.  The  Police,  Fire  and  other  City 
departments  are  urged  to  assist  this  Bureau 
in  reclaiming  all  these  old  badges  for  the  pro- 
tection of  the  public  and  the  betterment  of 
the  service,  so  thai  in  the  future  every  holder 
of  a  Manhattan  Building  Bureau  badge  may 
be  held  accountable  for  the  use  of  such  author- 
ity as  the  badge  may  carry  with  it.  Each 
badge  bears  an  individual  number,  which  is 
sufficient  to  identify  the  holder  of  record, 
and  all  holders  of  these  badges  are  required 
to  show  the  same  upon  request  of  any  cit- 
izen. Complaints  with  reference  to  any  mis- 
conduct or  misuse  of  authority  by  the  holder 
at  any  time  should  be  addressed  to  the  Su- 
perintendent. RUDOLPH  P.  MILLEW, 
Superintendent  of  Buildings. 

Dated  September  3,  1912. 


OBITUARY. 

Constant  Desire  Despradelle,  Director  of  the 
Department  of  Architecture  of  the  Massachu- 
setts Institute  of  Technology,  died  on  Sep- 
tember 4th,  at  his  home  in  Boston  after  an 
illness   of   nearly   a   year's  duration. 

Mr.  Despradelle,  although  a  Frenchman, 
was  one  of  the  leading  men  in  his  profession 
in  America,  He  was  born  at  Chaumont, 
France,  on  May  20.  1862.  In  1882  he  became 
a  student  at  the  Ecole  des  Beaux  Arts,  en- 
tering first  among  140  candidates  for  admis- 
sion. After  winning  many  honors  in  Paris, 
he  came  to  the  Massachusetts  Institute  of 
Technology  in   1893. 

Mr.  Despradelle  was  a  corresponding  mem- 
ber of  the  Institute  of  France,  Academy  des 
Beaux  Arts,  and  had  been  Vice  President  sf 
the  Sociele  des  Beaux  Arts  of  New  York.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Boston  Society  of  Arch- 
itects, and  Fellow  of  the  American  Institute 


Thomas  Bruce  Boyd 

Bank  Equipment  Specialist 


286  Fifth  Avcn 
New  York 
Telephone  Mndison  Squ, 


FREDERICK  S.  HOLMES 

Bank  Vault  Engineer 

3  Rector  Street,  New  Yoric 


When  writing  Advertisers,  pleane   r 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Fireproofing   and   Fire-Protection 

MR.   G.   H.  STEWART 


A  REDUCTION  IN  FIRE  LOSS. 

At  last  the  fire  loss  has  reached  a  point 
of  turning  as  compared  with  the  figures  of 
last  year,  and  the  total  showing  for  the  first 
eight  months  of  1912  is  less  than  the  cor- 
responding period  in  1911;  this  despite  an 
enormous  handicap  during  the  early  part  of 
the  year.  The  fire  loss  for  July  was  $15,164,- 
100  and  for  August,  this  year.  $14,158,800. 
which,  added  to  the  total  for  the  previous  six 
months,  $134,417,750,  gives  a  total  of  $163.- 
750,650,  which  is  nearly  four  millions  less 
than  for  the  corresponding  period  of  1911 
which  gave  a  total  of  $167,655,550.  During 
the  month  of  August,  there  were  no  less  than 
362  fires,  causing  an  estimated  property  dam- 
age of  $10,000  or  over  in  each  instance.  This 
list,  as  compiled  and  published  by  the  Journal 
of  Commerce  and  Commercial  Bulletin,  gives 
a  total  of  $12,312,000  to  which  15  per  cent, 
for  small  and  unreported  fires  is  added  ac- 
cording to  their  methods  of  compilation,  giv- 
ing the  complete  total  for  the  month  as  re- 
corded above.  We  feel  that  despite  the  great 
loss,  which  [s  deplorable  in  every  sense,  there 
is  reason  for  encouragement,  for  a  compari- 
son of  the  reports  made  in  the  April  and 
August  issues  of  ARCHITECTURE  AND 
BUILDING  shows  that  the  reduction  in  loss  in 
the  last  five  months  has  more  than  made  up 
for  Ihe  eleven  million  dollar  increase  in  fire 
loss  which  occurred  in  the  first  three  months 
of  the  year  1912. 

CHICAGO    FIRE    PREVENTION. 

.After  considering  the  subject  for  nearly  a 
year,  the  City  Council  of  Chicago  has  passed 
an  ordinance  in  which  automatic  sprinklers 
are  entirely  ignored.  This  is  remarkable  for 
two  reasons.     In  the  first  place,  the  Council 


was  fully  informed  by  those  fire  prevention 
experts  who  were  called  in  consultation  th.it 
the  automatic  sprinkler  was  the  greatest  sin- 
gle unit  in  fire  prevention  engineering  to 
day.  In  the  second  place,  they  were  given 
more  definite  information  through  the  me- 
dium of  the  National  Fire  Protection  As- 
sociation's records  and  the  fact  that  more 
than  95  per  cent,  of  the  11,000  odd  fires 
under  automatic  sprinklers  of  which  this  as- 
sociation has  records  have  been  either  com- 
pletely put  out  or  prevented  from  spreading 
by  the  action  of  the  sprinklers.  It  will  be 
recalled  that  the  secretary  of  the  above  as- 
sociation recently  slated  that  so  far  as  his 
records  showed,  there  had  never  been  a  sin- 
gle case  where  a  modern  equipment  of  auto- 
malic  sprinklers  had  failed  to  hold  a  lire 
from  spreading  except  where  the  system  had 
been  tampered  with  or  the  water  shut  off. 

It  is  supposed  that  certain  business  in- 
terests were  back  of  the  decision  of  the  Coun- 
cil not  to  recommend  or  require  the  use  ni 
automatic  sprinklers.  Similar  influences  have 
been  noted  in  the  past  in  which  business  in- 
terests have  blocked  other  public  improve- 
ments, and  it  is  sincerely  to  be  hoped  Iha; 
when  this  subject  comes  up  again  in  October 
common  sense  and  the  results  of  years  of 
experience  in  fire  prevention  engineering  will 
be  permitted  to  dictate  the  action  of  the  coun- 
cil. 

NEW  YORK  FIRE  EXPOSITION. 

One  of  the  most  unique,  and  at  the  same 
time  useful,  exhibits  at  the  exposition  in  Mad- 
ison Square  Garden,  October  2  to  12,  inclu- 
sive, will  be  that  of  the  General  Fire  Ex- 
tinguisher Co.  in  the  shape  of  a  full-sized 
(Continued  on  page  26.) 


FIRE  PROTECTION 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  Prices  on 

FIRE  APPLIANCES 


BUILDINGS  RECENTLY  EQUIPPED: 
BuikHS  Trust  BoildinB  Schwcinler  Pren  Building 

Madiun  Square  Buildbg  »...-- ^-..   t,..^,=,^,__  ^.    o.. 

Gennonia  Life  insurance  Building 


ig  Co.  Building 
jnan  a  Compajiy 

THE   SAFETY   FIRE    EXTINGUISHER   CO. 


When  writing  Advertisers,  please  r 


Ion  Architecture  and  Bulldlns. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


When    writing   Advertiaers 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 

ROCKWOOD 

SAFETY  LOOP 

SPRINKLER 


THK   TWO  HALVES   OF   TH«  F*«T»   OF    THE    SOLDCXIB 

STRUT     SOLDERED     TO-  STRUT  SFRINO  AFARTOMLK 

eCTHER-  APTBR  THE  LUMF  OF  SOLD- 

ER IS  MELTEO  AWAT   FROM 
THE  LOOF. 


THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  UNIQUE  IN  THAT  THE  TWO  PARTS 
OF  THE  SOLDERED  LINK  ARE  HELD  TOGETHER,  NOT  MERELY  BY  A 
SWEATED  SOLDERED  JOINT,  BUT  BY  COVERING  THE  END  OF  THE 
LEVER  WITH  A  SMALL  PIECE  OF  SOLDER  WHICH  IS  MECHANICALLY 
BOUND  TO  THE  STRUT  BY  A  LOOP  OF  WIRE  RIVETED  THROUGH  ONE 
PART  OF  THE  LINK. 

THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  THE  ONLY  APPROVED  HEAD  THAT 
IS  INCAPABLE  OF  OPENING  ITSELF  BY  THE  BREAKING  OF  THE  SOLDERED 
JOINT,  WHICH  MUST  ABSOLUTELY  MELT  TO  OPEN.  IT  IS  THUS  IN  A 
CLASS   BY  ITSELF,  SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS. 


ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  CO. 

OF  MASSACHUSETTS 

MANUFACTURERS,  ENGINEERS    AND    CONTRACTORS  FOR  COM- 
PLETE SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENTS  USING  WET  OR  DRY  SYSTEMS. 

38  HARLOW  STREET  WORCESTER,  MASS. 


HEW   YORK  UtWILUAM  STREET  CHICAGO  UM  SOUTH  MOROAH  STRECT 

BOSTON  ...  141  MILK  STREET  SEATTLE     -  -  .       Mt  COLUMBIA  BTRETT 

BUFFALO     -  IM  FRUBENTIAL  BUILDINQ  MONTREAL  -      141  ST.  MAURICE  STREST 

When   writing   Aavenisi^ra,    pleuse   mention   Architecture   and   Uuildlng. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Leonard  Sheet  Metal  Works 


Bronze,  Copper  and  Iron  Clad   Kalameln  Wwk 
Roofing  and  Sheet  Metal  Work  In  all  Its  Branches 


Main  Office  and  Worla 

Head  of  Ferry  Street  HOBOKEN,   N.  J. 


OfGcB  and  Pactoiy  oi  Leanacd  Sheet.  Metal  World 


Thomas  Morton, 


169  Elm  Street, 


Copper  Cable 
Steel  " 

Champion  Metal 
Steel  Champion 


New  York. 


;  SASH  CHAINS. 


PIIAIUQ  ^-  ^*i!!!!!'J!>.llHTy.??^<  Ma,  etc. 


I  ka  of  SUPEWOR  Qli*UTT. 


When  writing  Advert 


ure  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDISG. 


Fire  Protection 


^.tlc  iwrnTrf  Sprint,^ 


Folly  75*  o(  h™vT  Imm  br  fat- 
duly  dnnicled  in  (he  iKwitMpen— 

bidMing  be  [(dpsIt  egidppcd  with 
ihe  -SIMMC^S"  Specukia  tbou- 
ukIi  ri  dslka  ud  okit  Ent  would 

Angle  Bote  VaWes 

Tha  ■•  pcactiolly  llie  terilDiK  al 
uitty  «  ■  lUDdpif  ar^on,  yrt  how 
liule  aUeBlioa  ii  pud  lo  iti  isUllaliin. 

ibn  you'll  h«Te  mn  nqjliiDcc  li  ihe 
hiihcil  effidacT  u  to  quiliiy,  Gni^. 

Calahguel,  cuU  and  olhtr  data  gUtdtj  lenl 
,n  applU-alh». 

John  SimmoiLS  Co. 

102-110  Centre  St.,  New  York 


OAac.  «)3  Wabub 


SbaudU 


PltrSBUBCH.  PA. 


working  model  of  Grinnell  automatic  sprink- 
lers. A  steel  and  wired  glass  house,  10  feet 
square,  has  been  erected,  fitted  with  a  drain- 
age pan  at  the  bottom  and  provided  with  one 
Grinnell  sprinkler  near  the  middle  ot  the  ceil- 
ing. This  is  connected  up  by  pipe  to  city 
water  pressure  and  proper  means  are  taken 
to   carry   away   the   discharge   water. 

A  fire  will  be  built  within  the  enclosure 
and  the  spectators  around  the  four  sides  can 
get  a  splendid  view  of  what  is  going  on  in- 
side. The  heat  of  the  incipient  tire  fuses 
the  strut  in  the  sprinkler  head,  and  a  co- 
pious shower  of  water  puts  out  the  fire  al- 
most in  the  twinkling  of  an  eye.  This  ex- 
hibit is  to  be  in  operation  at  intervals  through- 
out each  of  the  ten  days  during  which  the 
exposition  will  be  open. 

It  is  believed  that  a  visual  demonstration 
of  this  sort  will  do  more  to  bring  to  the 
minds  of  the  general  public,  and  all  those 
interested,  the  fire-fighting  ability  of  the  auto- 
matic sprinkler  than  could  be  done  by  reams 
of  paper  and  gallons  of  printer's  ink.  The 
average  man  will  believe  what  he  sees,  but 
less  than  half  of  what  he  reads  or  hears.  It 
is  for  this  reason  that  this  particular  ex- 
hibit ought  to  attract  very  wide  attention,  and 
should  be  the  means  of  bringing  home  to 
thousands  of  our  citizens  the  fact  that  there 
is    at    hand    an    adequate    answer    to    the    fire 


W.  L.  FLEISHER  &  CO.  IN  THE  AUTO- 
MATIC SPRINKLER  FIELD. 
W.  L.  Fleishcr  &  Co,  Inc.,  have  succeeded 
to  the  business  in  New  York  of  Francis  Bros. 
&  Jellett.  a  well-known  concern,  who  have 
been  pioneers  in  the  sprinkler  and  steam 
engineering  and  contracting  business  for  many 
years.  Mr.  W.  L.  Fleishcr.  who  was  for  ten 
years  at  the  head  of  their  New  York  office,  's 
president  of  the  new  cotnpany,  and  since  the 
incorporation  and  taking  over  of  the  btisiness 
they  have  been  very  active  in  the  sprinkler 
field,    not    only    as    contractors,    but    as    engi- 

.^mong    some    of    the    important    buildings 

for  which   they  have  either  been   contractors 

(Continued  on  page  28.) 

Consolidated  Chanddier  Co. 

UAinjPACTtrBBBS  OP 

Gas  and  Electric  Fixtures 

152-136  W.  14tb  St.  NEW  YCHUC  CITT 

Ion  ArchltPcture  and   Building- 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    DUILDINC. 


The  Annual  Fire  Waste  in  the  U.  S.  exceeds  $330,000,000.     It  la  estimated  that 
79%  of  this  loM  is  preventable  and  can  be  saved  by  the  use  of 

AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  PROTECTION 

Our  busineM  Ib  the  Installation  of  Automatic  Sprinkler  protection;  a  complete 
fire  figbdng  apparatus,  operating  automatically  and  only  where  the  fire  is  located. 

"AUTOMATIC"  SPRINKLER  CO.  OF  AMERICA 

Executive  OfBces 

133  WILLIAM  STREET  (Undeiwriter  BIdg.).  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Department  Offices,  In  Large  Citlee 


CHEAP    AND 
EASILY  APPLIED 

United  States  Mmeral  Wool  Co. 

140  CEDAR  STREET,  NEW  YORK 


S.  H.  F 


W.  L.   FLEISHERj  CB,   CO.,  Inc. 

Succeeding  in  New  York  Francis  Bros.  &  Jelletl,  Inc. 

156  FIFTH  AVENUE  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Engineers  and  Contractors  for  the  Installation  of 
tylUTOMATIC  SPRINKLERS   AND    FIRE    PROTECTION  APPARATUS 

L^GENTS  FOR   INTERNATIONAL  SPRINKLER  CO.  APPARATUS 


When  writlriK  i 


mention  Architecture  and  BulldLng. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


or  engineers,   may  be  mentioned  the  follow- 

Zinn  Building,  llth  avenue  and  25th  street. 
Otis  Building,  11  avenue.  26th  to  27th  streets. 
Loft  building,  36-8  West  20th  street. 
Loft   building,   20th   to   21st   streets   and   4th 

Warehouses  for  Baker  &  Williams,  West 
20th   and    West    12th    streets. 

Loft  Building  at  11-13  East  26th  street  and 
8-10  East  27th  street. 

They  are  using  the  International  apparatus, 
for  which  the  old  firm  of  Francis  Bros.  & 
Jellett  were  agents  for  a  good  many  years, 
and  are  among  the  companies  acceptable  and 
favorable  to  the  New  York  Fire  Insurance 
Exchange  and  the  various  mutual  companies. 


EXHIBIT    OF    THE    AUTOMATIC 

SPRINKLER   COMPANY   OF 

AMERICA. 

It  is  a  recognized  fact  that  in  any  kind  of 
movement  for  the  betterment  of  mankind,  that 
class  of  humanity  which  will  benefit  most 
from  the  improvement  is  the  very  last  to  be- 
come enthusiastic,  and  the  fight  to  overcome 
this  indifference  is  not  the  least  formidable 
part  of  the  undertaking.  "Indifference"  usually 
means  "ignorance,"  ^nd  there  are  severaF 
means  of  combating  it,  one  of  wbich  is  by 
means  of  reading  matter.  But  by  far  the  best 
method  is  practical,  visual  demonstration,  and 
for  this  reason  the  Fire  Exposition  to  be  held 
October  2  to  12  in  Madison  Square  Garden 
should  do  much  to  help  along  the  cause  of 
Fire  Prevention. 

At  this  extension  the  Automatic  Sprinkler 
Company  of  America  will  have  on  exhibition 
their  system  of  automatic  sprinkler  protcctioc 
against  fire.  Visitors  to  the  exposition  may 
see  for  themselves  the  efficiency  of  this  means 
of  fire  fighting.  If  those  architects  and  en- 
gineers who  are  still  dubious  as  to  the  merits 
of  the  automatic  sprinkler  remain  uncon- 
vinced, it  will  not  be  the  fault  of  the  ex- 
hibitors. And  a  great  many  of  those  who 
suffer  the  most  from  a  large,  disastrous  fire — 
the  occupants  of  the  building — to  many  of 
whom  the  phrase  "automatic  sprinkler"  is  a 
phrase  and  nothing  nuire,  will  have  the  oppor- 
tunity to  observe  the  operation  of  the  device 
and  the  results  of  its  operation. 


U.  S.  RUBBER  BUILDING. 

In  the  U.  S.  Rubber  building,  all  the  walls 
and  ceilings  were  painted  with  "Fresco"  wFiie 
paint.  This  is  a  flat  finish  and  the -results 
obtained  with  it  in  this  building  were  grati- 
fying. The  material  is  made  by  the  De  Soto 
Faint  Manufacturing  Co.  of  Memphis,  Tenn., 
and  Neven  Sparks  Lamb,  of  149-151  Church 
St..   New  York   City,  is  the  eastern  agent. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Star  Fire  Proof  Door  and  Sash  Co. 

INCORPORATED 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Bronze,  Copper  and  Iron  Kalamein  Work 

Copper  and  Bronze  Store  Fronts  a  Specialty 

Approved  Underwriter  Doors 

OFFICE  AND  FACTORY 

2650-52  PARK  AVENUE      NEW  YORK  CITY 

iSsrnppcrKtoreFroiHofcttcdiiiL.  M.  BLUMSTEIK  Building 


J^  Standard  Metal  Joist  Floor  Construction 

Total  dead  load  per  square  foot,  28  lbs. 

Soatid-Proof  l>ast'froof 

VtrmitfProof  Firt-froof 

These  are  the  qualities  you  can  give  to  your 
client's  house  by  using  for  its  construction 

BERGER'S  .aw^aafe- 

Write  for  Cotaloa 
THK  BERGER  MFG.  CO.,  Canton,  O. 

ipl  thipmmt  addrett  iifarett  office 


FITZGIBBONS  BOILERS 


ARE  INSTALLED  IN  THE 


United  States  Rubber  Co.'s  Building 


Recent  Representative  Installations  by  Eminent  Architects  ii 
sBblngton  IrrInK  HIgb 


York  City 
ArcbltectB 


1  St.  A  Coentles  SHii.. 


ere   &    HsstlDss 


b  St.  £  Broadway.. 
I.  West  &  Jane  Sle 
i.ljtb  SI.  and  Unloi 

S.  !Wd  at.'&Fif'tbA 


FITZGIBBONS  BOILER  CO.,  50  Church  St.,  New  York  City 

When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention   Architecture  and   pi'M''      ■ 


/ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Industrial  Progress 


The    "new   idea"    in    el 

vator  door   hangers 

is    designed    especially    fo 

r    the   highest   class 

work,   where  quietness,   e 

se  of  operation  and 

neatness  of  appearance   a 

re  telling  features. 

1  of  e 


ing    bar    hanger, 


red    fi 


y  track,  larger  ball-bearings. 

surface  all  combine   to 

McCahe    No.   5"   as   a   leader  in 


stamp   the    ' 

The  "McCabe  No.  S"  is  an  "all-ball"  hanger 
of  the  latest  improved  design,  presenting  many 
new  features  not  to  be  found  in  any  other 
hanger.      For    instance: 

(1)  It  is  practically  noiseless. 

(2)  Friction,    and    therefore    wear,    are    re- 

duced to  a  minimum,  as  the  weight 
of  the  doors  is  always  evenly  dis- 
tributed on  the  tracks  and  all  of  the 
balls,  thus  eliminating  entirely  the  bad 
effects  of  the  cantilever  principle. 

(3)  Small   amount   of   head    room    required 

(about  4'A   inches). 

(4)  Hanger  is  protected   from   dirt. 

(5)  Largest  size  balls  (^  inch,  spaced  every 

7'/i  inches  apart)  used  in  any  hanger. 
The  workmanship  and  quality  of  material 
in  the  new  "McCabe  No.  5"  hanger  is  up  to 
the  standard  which  this  company  has  main- 
tained for  the  past  eighteen  years,  and  we 
feel  very  confident  in  predicting  for  this  high- 
ctass  hanger  a  great  demand  in  the  future. 
"  I  Page  31.) 


TERRA-COTTA  CONTRACTS. 

The  Federal  Terra  Cotta  Company  has  re- 
:ntly  contracted  for  furnishing  the  archi- 
ctural  terra  cotta  lo  be  used  in  the  Biltmore 
otel,  being  erected  in  connection  with  the 
(Continued  on  page  32.) 


When    writing   Adver 


GORTON  WROUGHT  STEEL 
BOILERS  are  built  like  a  power  boiler 

•pHEY  han  the  nme  lutlnB 
■-  qualltfet  and  frMdom  from 
rapaln  with  cli«  accompanying 
advantaM  of  hlghMt  economy 
In  conaumpllon  of  lutt. 

Bdng  Melt-tteiltn  they  keep  the 
heal  Dp  and  Iceep  the  bilb  down. 
Sfnd  fKir  CQtcJ&t  and  investitatr 
lor  youTstif  !*,»■  ™/wr.or.ly 

Gorton  &  Lidgerwood  Co. 

91  llbKiT  SUMt,  HEV  TOn 
BOSTON.  182  High  St, 
CHICAGO,  Pldier  Bldg. 

Architecture  and    BuUdltiK- 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


McCabe  Hanger  Mfg.  Co. 

S32  West  22d  Street,  New  York  City- 


STANI 

Ball  Bearii 


Permit  the  doors  to  <j 
softly  without  creakin) 
The  hinges  will  ne 
require  oiling. 

NON-RISIN 


Dixon's  Silica-Graphite  Paint 

Protects  the  structural  steel  work  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildings;  American 
Woolen  Company's  Building;  Gimbel  Department  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
it  Trust  Company's  Building,  Savannah,  Ga. ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Com- 
pany's Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  numerous  other  structures. 
IFritr  ui  fir  "  Nalablt  'Building  List,"  and  other  paint  liltraturt 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  iera«y  aty.  n.  j. 


When   writing   Advertisers,   please  r 


32 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Grand  Central  Terminal,  on  the  block  cov- 
ered by  43d-44th  streets,  Madison  and  Van- 
derbilt  avenues.  The  George  A.  Fuller  Co. 
are  the  general  contractors.  This  is  one  of 
the  largest  contracts  for  terra  cotta  that  has 
ever  been  placed  on  a  building  in  New  York 
City.  There  will  be  about  2,000  tons  of  terra 
cotta  in  this  building. 

The  Federal  Company  is  also  furnishing 
material  for  two  contracts  of  equal  size,  being 
the  Terminal  Building  for  ihe  Detroit  River 
Tunnel  Co.  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  and  the  North- 
western Mutual  Life  Building  in  Milwaukee. 
Marshall  &  Fox,  of  Chicago,  are  the  archi- 
tects on  the  latter  operation,  and  the  large 
court  of  the  building  is  to  be  entirely  erected 
in  granite  color  terra  cotta.  The  window 
screens  on  the  front  of  the  building  are  to 
be  green,  and  there  will  also  be  some  red 
and  white  glaze  terra  cotta  throughout  the 
building. 

The  World's  Tower  Building,  a  30-story 
loft  building,  now  being  erected  on  West  40th 
street,  by  Mr.  Edward  W.  Browning,  is  to 
be  built  on  all  four  sides  with  full  white  glaze 
terra  cotta,  and  this  material  is  also  being 
furnished  by  the  Federal  Terra  Cotta  Qorr,- 
pany. 

Some  other  buildings  in  the  city  recently 
furnished  with  terra  cotta  by  them  are:  The 
Emmet  Building,  29th  street  and  Madison 
avenue;  the  Eagle  Building,  21st  street  and 
Fourth  avenue,  and  the  Times  Annex,  West 
43d  street. 


CALCULATION    REDUCED    TO    A    SCI- 
ENTIFICALLY SIMPLE  BASIS. 

Although  the  inventive  faculty  of  man  has 
not  yet  succeeded  in  producing  a  machine 
which  in  fineness  and  breadth  of  capacity  's 
equal  to  the  human  mind,  yet  many  machines 
have  been  invented  which  surpass  the  hu- 
man mind  in  accuracy  and  tirelessness.  This 
superiority  on  the  part  of  a  machine  is  par- 
ticularly noticeable  in  the  field  of  mathemat- 
ical calculations,  for  there  is  no  other  field 
in  which  the  mind  of  man  is  so  prone  to 
error  or  so  susceptible  to  fatigue,  and  when 
in  addition  we  find  this  machine  to  be  a 
compact  little  masterpiece,  weighing  only  19 
ounces  and  capable  of  being  carried  in  one's 
pocket,  we  find  a  remarkably  high  example 
of  the  inventor's  art.  Such  a  machine  is 
the  "Golden  Gem  Adding  Machine,"  which 
is  manufactured  by  the  Automatic  Adding 
Machine  Company,  of  319  Broadway,  New 
York  City.     As  has  been  said,  this  little  add- 


ing machine  weighs  only  19  ounces,  its  di- 
mensions are  3x4x5^  ins.,  and  it  is  of  highly 
nickel-plated  finish.  Its  inner  parts  are  made 
of  the  best  steel  and  brass  and  each  ma- 
chine is  packed  in  a  handsome  pebbled  mo- 
rocco case.  The  operation  and  method  of 
obtaining  results  automatically  is  similar  to 
that  of  the  standard,  high-priced  calculating 
machines  which  are  now  extensively  used  by 
the  banks  and  large  corporations  everywhere. 

This  machine  is  of  inestimable  value  to 
every  person  having  extensive  calculations 
to  make  and  should  be  a  great  help  to  arch- 
itects and  builders  in  making  estimates  and 
in  compiling  cost  data.  It  has  already  ob- 
tained a  considerable  number  of  users  in  the 
building  and  kindred  trades  and  professions, 
and  is  becoming  more  and  more  valuable  and 
indispensable  to  such  people  because  of  the 
variety  of  purposes  to  which  it  can  be  adapted 
on  account  of  the  compactness  of  the  ma- 
chine and  simplicity  of  operation.  Because 
of  its  lightness  and  compactness,  builders 
should  find  it  very  convenient  to  take  to 
shanties  "on  the  job"  to  be  used  in  helping 
to  keep  count  of  loads  received,  wage  sched- 
ules and  for  any  of  the  dozens  of  other  oc- 
casions when  it  becomes  necessary  to  en- 
gage   in    extensive    calculations. 

The  manufacturers  of  the  "Golden  Gem 
Adding  Machine"  are  pleased  to  send  the  ma- 
chine upon  ten  days'  trial,  knowing  that  its 
merits  will  invariably  result  in  a  sale.  In- 
formation about  the  "Golden  Gem  Adding  Ma- 
chine" or  literature  descriptive  of  it,  may  be 
freely  obtained  by  addressing  the  Automatic 
Adding  Machine  Company  at  319  Broadway, 
New  York  City. 


CEMENT      PRODUCTION,      CONSUMP- 
TION,   EXPORTS   AND   IMPORTS. 

Cement  production,  consumption  and  expor- 
tation are  showing  remarkable  increases  in 
the  statistical  records  of  the  United  States,  as 
shown  by  figures  of  the  Bureau  of  Statistics. 
Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor,  while 
the  importation  shows  an  equally  remarkable 
decline.  The  quantity  produced  has  grown 
from  8  million  barrels  in  1890  to  17  million 
in  1900  and  78  million  in  1910,  the  value  hav- 
ing increased  from  6  million  dollars  in  1890  to 
13  million  in  1900  and  69  million  in  1910.  Mean- 
time the  figures  of  imports  and  exports  show 
equally  striking  changes.  The  quantity  of 
cement  exported  has  grown  from  76,055  bar- 
rels (of  380  pounds)  in  1900,  valued  at  $163,162, 
(Continued  on  page  34.) 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


Material  and  woik  the  standard  for  14  years.    Our  repntatioa  the  best  posithre 

evidence  as  to  our  superiority. 


CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO., 


32M27  East  94di  St,  NEW  YORK 


When   writin??   Advcrtis^TS,   please   mention   Architecture  and   Bnildinpr. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


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BOILERS 

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sired in  a  Range  Boiler. 

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Every  boiler  is  tinned  on 

the  inside  and  guaranteed 

against  leakage  or  collapse. 

IFriU  for  Catalog 

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BOSTON,  U.  S.  A. 


When  writing  Adi 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


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Flag  Poles 


Fittings 

Etc. 

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THOS.W.JONES 


153  Maiden  Lane 
New  York 


Ttltphime  OmmieHim 


ARTHUR  GREENFlELD.i~''n>o«*f^ 

REINFORCED  CONCRETE  .FLOORS 
IRON  FURRING  uid  METAL  LATHING 


NEW  YORK 


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to  2,971,474  barrels  in  1911,  valued  at  $4,349,290; 
while  the  figures  for  the  nine  months  ending 
with  March  indicate  that  the  total  for  the 
fiscal  year  1912  will  considerably  exceed,  in 
both  quantity  and  value,  that  of  1911  and  will 
probably  amount  to  more  than  3  million  bar- 
rels, or  40  times  as  much  in  1912  as  in  1900, 
with  a  value  of  more  than  5  million  dollars,  as 
against  $163,162  in  1900.  On  the  import  side 
the  decline  has  been  as  rapid  and  striking  as 
the  increase  on  the  export  side.  The  quan- 
tity of  cement  imported  in  1907  was  1,123.- 
763,604  pounds,  but  by  1911  had  fallen  to 
93,297,749  pounds,  and  in  the  fiscal  year  1912 
seems  likely  to  fall  below  50  million  pounds. 
or  less  than  one-twentieth  of  the  imports  of 
1907. 

The  United  States  is  apparently  leading  the 
world  in  the  production  of  cement  for  indus- 
trial purposes.  The  latest  figures  available  in 
the  Bureau  of  Statistics  with  reference  to  pro- 
duction in  various  parts  of  the  world  places 
the  production  in  Germany  at  about  30  million 
barrels,  or  considerably  less  than  half  that  of 
the  United  States,  and  that  of  England,  slight- 
ly less  than  20  million  barrels.  Of  the  78  mil- 
lion barrels  produced  in  the  United  States  in 
1910  a  very  large  proportion  was  cosumed  at 
home,  the  exports  for  that  year  being  but 
about  2f4  million  barrels.  The  total  consump- 
tion in  the  United  States,  according  to  the  best 
available  figures,  has  grown  from  about  20  mil- 
lion barrels  in  1900  to  74  million  in  1910. 

The  cement  industry,  according  to  the  cen- 
sus of  1910,  showed  number  of  establishments. 
135;  capital  invested,  $187,398,000;  number  of 
wage  earners,  26.775;  wages  paid,  $15,320,000: 
cost  of  materials.  $29,344,000;  value  of  prod- 
ucts, $63,205,000;  value  added  by  manufacture 
(value  of  products  less  cost  of  materials). 
$33,861,000. 

PITTSBURG'S    "HUMP." 

When  Pittsburg  authorized  a  bond  issue  of 
$750,000  to  cut  away  the  "hump"  it  was  with 
the  view  of  eliminating  an  obstacle  which  has 
long  interfered  with  the  handling  of  traffic  be- 
tween the  low-lying  business  section  of  the 
cily  and  the  residential  districts.  The  work 
is  now  under  way,  but  the  cost  above  stated 
is  but  a  fraction  of  what  will  be  expended  in 
completing  this  improvement.  A  few  of  Pitts- 
(Continued  on  page  36.) 


When  writing  AdvertlBera,  please 


Ion  Architecture  and  BulldlnK. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


ArcUtertt «ri hriUfi ■h.riifa.Twii^,!.  EVANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BOLTS 

WITH  DOUBLr.  tND  GR.IP  EXPANSION 

Conatnicted  on  NEW  lines.      Grip  at  BOTH  ENDS,  uid  on  ALL 

lidci.     Cannot  work  loose. 

Said  for  CUUoa;iu  ud  umplsa  icnired  Into  blaeki  oE  mod  oi  ■tooo. 

1S?:,!L"°  F.  H.  EVANS  WS3:;!.„)  31.33-35  H.we.Sl.,  Brooklyn.  M.T. 


H 


Vaa  Dom's  Steel  Joist  Hanger 

IS  THE  BEST  OBTAINABLE 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  refer  to  thb  Ma^uine 

THE  VAN  DORN  IRON  WORKS  CO. 

CLEVELAND.  OHIO 

Steel  Buildings,  Wrought  Iron  Feodng,  Iron  Bridges,  Jail  and 
Prisoa  Work,  Metallic  Office  Furniture,  etc. 


mi 


Buildingf  Construction  and  Supefintendence 

Part  n.    Carpenters'  Work         I  Part  III.    Trussed  Roofs 

Four  DolUri  >  Volume  |  Three  DolUri  ■  Volume 

Br  F.  E.  KIDDER.  C  E..  Ph.D„  ArchiM 

THE  WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO..  PublUher.  35  WARREK   STREET.  NEW  YORK 


The  A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co. 

Main  Office:  220  Broadway,  New  York 


ELECTRIC    ELEVATORS 

with  iT»chines  having  Bali  Thrust  Bearinga  tliat  reduce  friction  and  increase  power,  and  made  strong  and  durable, 
is  my  specialty.  They  have  filled  the  bill  for  many  ycarsand  will  aolve  the  vertical  transportationproblem  for  you. 

DUMBWAITERS  CELLAR  HOISTS 

Write  for  CataloE  and  Prices  J.    G.    SPEIDEL,    Reading.    Pa. 


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271  Ninth  Strut  BTDoklm,  N.  Y. 


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KUlro&d   Avenue         PauthKespela,    N. 


burg's  large  buildings  were  built  with  the  idea 
of  complying  with  the  proposed  new  grades 
of  the  streels,  but  scores  of  structures  will  re- 
quire complete  overhauling  and  many  will  be 
razed  and  the  sites  rebuilt.  It  will  mean  the 
rebuilding  of  practically  twenty  blocks  of 
Piltsburg's  downtown  business  section,  and 
that  there  will  be  ten  million  dollars'  worth 
of  new  fireproof  buildings  in  Pittsburg  within 
the  next  two  years  is  a  safe  estimate. 

Some  of  the  buildings,  such  as  the  Fricic 
Building.  Carnegie  Building,  the  new  Hotel 
Henry,  Kaufmann  Brothers'  department  slor*; 
and  the  Allegheny  County  courthouse,  were 
designed  to  meet  the  new  grades,  but  all 
around  and  about  them  changes  are  required. 
We  may  look  for  rapid  and  extensive  changes 
in   Pittsburgh's  skyline. 

A  new  structure  is  proposed  by  Mr.  H.  C. 
Frick  to  occupy  llie  site  of  the  old  St.  Paul's 
Cathedral,  but  it  is  yel  undecided  whether  it 
will  be  a  twenty-five  or  thirty  story  office 
building,  or  a  modern  hotel. 

Beside  the  business  construction,  work  is 
constantly  going  forward  in  the  new  steel  and 
brick  and  terra  eotta  buildings  for  the  Uni- 
versity (if  Pittsburg's  new  group  at  an  outlay 
of  $8,250,000.  and  new  buildings  tor  the  Car- 
negie Institute  of  Technology  group.  The 
latter  have  cost  $11,000,000.  and  as  much  more 
is  to  be  spent.  These  educational  buildings 
are  in  the  civic  center  in  the  Oakland  residen- 
tial district,  where  in  (he  past  two  years  such 
structures  have  gone  up  as  the  million  dollar 
Pittsburg  Athletic  Association  clubhouse,  the 
$2,250,000  Soldiers  and  Sailors'  Memorial  Hall, 
the  National  Guard  armory  and  other  lesser 
structures,  in  keeping  architecturally  with  the 
Carnegie  Institute,  completed  several  years 
ago  at  a  cost  of  more  than  $6,000,000. 


The  National  State  Bank  of  Newark.  N.  J.. 
was  built  by  W.  H.  Fissell  &  Co.  The  illus- 
trations on  pages  378-380  show  exterior  and 
interior  views  of  the  building.  The  bank  is 
beautifully  illuminated  at  night  by  bronze 
standards  carrying  arc  lights  along  the  front, 
and  it  is  a  fitting  addition  to  Newark's  "White 
Way."  The  Browe  Company  made  the  light- 
ing fixtures. 

A  most  interesting  point  in  the  interior  fin- 
ish is  the  flooring  which,  with  the  exception 
of  a  portion  of  the  first  floor,  is  entirely  of 
"Kompolite,"  a  composition  flooring  manu- 
factured by  the  General  Kompolite  Co.,  and 
which  is  an  almost  ideal  material  for  the  pur- 
pose. The  Atchison  Revolving  Door  t"o.  in- 
stalled the  curved  wing  revolving  doors,  one 
of  which  opens  into  the  main  hallway  and 
the  other  into  the  banking  room.  The  Fits- 
gerald-Speer  Co,  did  the  mill  work,  and  the 
fireproof  doors  and  windows  were  made  by 
the  Leonard  Sheet  Metal  Works, 
lion   Architecture   and   Bulldlne. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Monument  Plaster  Co. 

Msimfacturen  of 

WALL  PLASTER  anJ 
ORIENTAL  STUCCO 


WMTE  POK  BOOKLBT 

Office  and  PactoiT,  HAKRISON.  N.  J 


The  Literature  of 
Structures 

Theoij  a  Strachirea 

Br  C  M.  Spofford.    Aug..  ISll. 
432  pp..  t4.D0  (lTs>.    Covcta  fun- 
damenlol  principlej  in  a  Ibwough, 
logical  manner.    Has  valuable  daU 
and  UUes. 

rnmtd  SIractares  and  Oirdera 

By   Edgar   Marburg.      Vol.    I  — 

itl  interpretation  and   application, 
in  full  detail,  of  the  theory  of  stres- 

Klnetic  TbeotT  ol 

By  D«vid  A.    Molitor.    366  pp., 
^hi^hi^Jt^.c^u.-P'""'™"-^^"' 

Wall!,  Biu  ud  Grain  Elavalon 

By    M.Io   S.    KMchum.      n    ed.. 
Nov..  1811.    656  pp.,  M.OO  (17s). 

«jd  work  on  design  and  conitruc 

Sl«el  HUl  Bnildiiui 

By  the  Same  AutTior.    4M  pp., 
•4.00(175.)    Coverj  methods,  ma- 

Hllhway  Bridges 

By  the  Same  Author.    S50  pp.. 
W.OO    (17s).      Covers   slreaaea    in 
sC«l  and  wooden  bridga. 

Simple  Steel  SIntctarei 

producing  "dElails  which  arc  m  ac- 
cord with  the  atreues  they  have  to 
transmit." 

Bridfe  and  Slraclnral  DeiiCn 

ByV.  Cha«  Thonuon.    II  ed.. 
1S2  pp..    12.00    (8*).      A   imple, 
praclTcal  treatise  on  the  elements 
of  bridge  and  slruclura!  de«ign. 

Steel  RaUwaj  Brid|ei 

tals  <^  design.  UEng  typical  struc- 

FOR  SAU    BY 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  CO.,  23  Warren  St.,NewYork  1 1 

riling  AdvertlserH.   please  r 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


ELEVATOR  SHAFT 
CONSTRUCTION 

By  H.  ROBERT  CULLMER 

Assisted  by  ALBERT  BAUER 


Practical  Suggestions  for  the  Installa- 
tion of  Elevators  in  Buildings 


A  treatise  for  the  architect  and  builder 
covering  the  stirveying  and  preparing  of 
detail  drawings  for  elevator  shafts;  ma- 
chine rooms;  elevator  bulkheads;  tables 
and  fonnulae  for  calculating  the  size  and 
capacity  of  elevators;  freight  elevators; 
sidewalk  elevators;  dumb-waiters;  specifi- 
cation writing  for  elevator  installation ;  ele- 
vator shaft  doors  and  appliances;  building 
regulations  covering  elevator  installation. 


Elevator  shaft  construction  in  buildings 
croH  Section  of  Elector  sh^/t  and  Bulkhead.  ^^^  ^^^^^  heiore  been  technically  treated. 
This  book  supplies  the  demand  for  information  on  this  subject,  and  it  has  been 
the  effort  of  the  author  to  supply  the  necessary  data  for  the  use  of  the  architect 
in  placing  an  elevator  equipment  in  any  building.  New  York  practice  is  fol- 
lowed, and  the  Building  Department  laws  and  regulations  of  New  York  are 
made  the  standard.  The  author  has  also  made  a  careful  study  of  the  regula- 
tions in  use  elsewhere,  giving  the  deviations  from  New  York  requirements. 
Specification  writing  for  elevator  equipment  has  been  covered  by  two  forms; 
one  a  simple  specification  for  a  single  elevator,  the  other  a  more  elaborate  equip- 
ment embracing  several  styles  of  cars  suitable  for  an  office  building. 

The  book  contrins  most  practical  information  and  it  is  the  hope  of  the  author 
that  he  has  omitted  no  important  point.  Every  phase  of  the  shaft  problem  in 
building  construction  has  been  covered,  and  the  method  of  presentation  '*;  su''^l 
that  ready  reference  is  [xissible  to  any  detail  of  the  subject. 

The  book  ii  m  companLon  size  with  the  Building 
Construction  and  Superintendence  Scries,  hy 
Mr.  F.  E.  Kidder. 

Cloth  bound,  170  pages,  Fronlis|)iccF,  47   dia- 


The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co. 


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1  Architecture   and   Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


BANK.  MARIKALL.  TEXAS 

Fronts  Erected  Entirely  in 

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MANUFACTURED  BV 

FEDERAL  TERRA  COHA  CO.,  m  Brc«dw.y.  n.  y. 


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The    Otis    Elevator   Building 

Illustrated  herein  on  Page  381  to  Page  388,  inclusive,  is 

Faced  with  Standard  Size,  Light  Grolden 


TRAOB  MARK 


■«t.a&ML««. 


Your  particular  attention  is  called  to  the 

Tapestry"  Brick  Treatment  of  the  Lobby,  Page  382 


FISKE  ca,  COMPANY,  Inc. 

Boston  and  New  York 


JUST  PUBLISHED 

The  Principles  of  Architectural  Design 

By  PERCY  L.  MARKS,  Architect 

Oontaining  165  fall-page  and  other  text  illodtralioiig. 

Thli  work  ii  yeijr  fallj  Uluiirated  and  will  be  found  a  greal  aid  to  the  arehiteol  or  alttdaBl  9i 
I    arohileelaral  deaign. 

Onm  loTgm  8vo  volume.    Cloth,  price  $4.S0. 

THE  wnjJAH  T.  a)iisnKX  coMPAinr,  Pdb^ 


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New  Yoik  Lodge  No.  1 

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Sent  on  request 
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PufaUtlMn 
23  Warren  Street  NewTevk 


"Globe"  Ventilator  <md 

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In  Copper  or  GdnniEed  Iron. 

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Mudy.    The  book  i. 
deUull  of  conitructlc 


th«  Btondard  d 


i  Short  Survey  of  the  Euly  Hinoir 

""l^l^.tC  Charter  in-InlTodnetloo.   IV-Adhe«ioo. 

V—Compnnioa  4nd  Lateral  Bintuian,  VI— Bendine. 
VII-Trao«verte  Stroaiet.    Vlll— Applicatlonii  ot  the 

Pk^  in.  Chaptar  X-Mslaiaii  ot  ConnnicUOQ. 
XI-Floor  Byitena.  Xll-FouDdaaoni.  Xin-^ 
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THE  WM.  T.  COMSTOCK  CO. 

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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


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GEORGE  A.  FULLER  CO. 

iBuilbms  Consitruction 

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Architecture  and  Building 


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A  continuation  of  the 
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i 


CONTENTS  FOR  OCTOBER 

.  -         .    .  •      .  .  . 

Hotel  Copley-Plaza,  Boston,  Mass 389 

Henry  J.  Hardenbergh,  Architect. 

Bethlehem  Chapel  of  the  Cathedral  Church  of  St.  Peter 
and  St.  Paul,  Washington,  D.  C. 407 

Henry  Vaughan,  Architect. 

Standpipe  and  Hose  System  in  Buildings— IH 413 

Students'  Working  Drawings,  Cornell  University,  Col- 
lege of  Architecture 415 

Lawyers'  Club,  New  York 418 

Francis  H.  Kimball,  Architect. 

Croisic  Building,  New  York 423 

Frederick  C.  Browne,  Architect. 
Randolph  H.  Alxniroty,  Assoc.  Architect. 

Hotel  Samuels,  Jamestown,  N.  Y 425 

Esenwein  &  Johnson,  Architects, 

St.  Barnabas  Church,  New  York 427 

N.  Serracino  Architect. 


ADVERTISING    REPRESENTATIVES 
D.  R.  Gimbcl 
Geo.  H.  Stewart  (Dept.  of  F1  reproofing  and  Fire  Protection) 


EDfTORlAL  DEPARTMENT 
Wm.  P.  Coaiftock,  Manaeine  Editor 
Charles  Warren  HaitingSi  Assistant  Editor 

Frederick  Squ  les,  Contributinr  Editor 


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>l  lol  l< roEr=)]  [ol  1^ 


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Copyright.  1912,  by  The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co- 
Entered  aa  Bocond-class  matter,  April  4,  1911,  at  the  Post  Office  at  New  York,  N.  T., 

under  the  Act  of  March  3.    1879. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


The  Tobey  Service 


tn 


Interior  Decoration 

and  in 

The  Designing  and  Building  of 
Elegant  Handmade  Furniture 

generally  proves  a  revelation  to  the  architect 
experiencing  it  for  the  first  time. 

Intelligent,  genuine  cooperation;  the  advantages 
of  complete  studio  and  shop  facilities,  and  of 
complete  accessory  stocks;  charges  based  strictly 
upon  net  costs  plus  a  modest  profit,  with  nothing 
added  for  aesthetics  or  "atmosphere" — these  and 
other  features  will  surely  commend  themselves 
strongly  to  any  unprejudiced  investigator. 

We  will  welcome  an  opportunity  to  point  out  the 
many  noteworthy  commissions  we  have  executed. 


The  Tobey  Furniture  Company 

New  York  and  Chicago 


Advertisements. — When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


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—When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Building, 


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Foyer  Copley-Plazs  Hotel,  Boston,  Showing  Interior  Marble  and  Mosaic  Woik. 

EXECUTED    BV 

BATTERSON   ^   EISELE 
Utttfiortpra   anb   Wotktta  at  Mntbis,   ^tam  anh   (^ranttr 

Roman  C&  Venetian  cTMosaics  for  Floors,  Walla,  c^antels,  etc. 

Office:  Times  Building,  New  York  Works :  Edgewater,  N.  J. 

Aclveil'senicnts,— When  writing  AdvertUers.  please  inenlion  Architecture  and  B  .11  ding. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING. 


Alphabetical  List  of  Advertisers 


Page 

American    Enameled    Brick    ft 
Tile    Co.,    The 25 

American     Hardware     Corpora- 
tion,   The     1 

Atchison    Revolving    Door    Co, 

The    — 

Automatic    Adding    Mach.    Co..  35 
Automatic     Sprinkler     Co.     of 
America 27 

Badger  ft  Sons  Co.,  B.  B 33 

Bagues   Freres  Co 2 

Barnes  Co.,  W.   F.   ft  John 40 

Barrett  Mfg.  Co.,  The 19 

Batterson    ft    Bisele 6 

Berger  Mfg.   Co.,   The 30 

Bommer   Bros 16 

Boyd,    Thomas    Bruce 21 

Carter,    Black    ft    Ayers 41 

Chicago    Spring    Butt    Co — 

Collins,    Francis    W 21 

Concrete    Age,     The 40 

Corbin,   P.    &  F 1 

Cork  &  Zicha  Marble  Co S2 

Cornell  Company,   W.   Q.III  Cover 

Dahlstrom   MeUllic   Door   Com- 
pany      13 

Daprato   Statuary    Company 14 

De  Soto  Paint  Mfg.   Company..  2 

Dewsnap,   William  D 85 

Dixon    Crucible   Co.,    Joe 31 

Durcan,    Inc.,    P.    J 9 

Emery    Thompson    Machine    & 
Supply    Co 30 

E^rkins  Studio,  The    15 

Evans,     F.     H 35 

Federal  Terra   Cotta   Co 48 

Felton,    Sibley   ft   Co II    Cover 

Folsom   Snow   Guard   Co 34 

Fuller    Co.,   George   A 2 

Gaucher,     A.     B 35 

General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.  23 

Giberson  &  Company,  E.  F 45 

Globe    Ventilator    Co II    Cover 


Page 

Gorham    Co.,    The 5 

Gorton  ft  Lidgerwood  Co 30 

Grant   Pulley   ft   Hardware   Co.  44 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 34 

Grimmer    &     Son,    Charles. ...    9 

Harrisburg   Star   Boiler   Co....  42 

Henderson    Bros 9 

Higgins  ft  Co.,   Chas.   M 40 

Holmes,    Frederick   S 21 

Hydro  Damp-Proofing  ft  Engi- 
neering  Co 26 

Ingham,    Howard    M 20 

Irving  &  Casson 15 

Jamestown   Lounge   Co 42 

Jones.    Thomas    W 34 

Kalamein    Co.,    The 28 

Kempe    ft    Co 16 

Knoburn  Co.,  The   23 

Kohn.    Jacob    ft    Josef 46 

Lamb,    Neven    Sparks 2 

(Lane    Bros.     Co 36 

Leiman    Bros 28 

Leonard    Sheet   Metal    Works. .  25 

Loomis    Manning    Filter    Distri- 
buting  Co .IV    Cover 

Lowe  Brothers  Co.,  The 39 

Manual   Arts    Press,    The 33 

Matthews  Brothers  Manufactur- 
ing   Co 43 

McCabe    Hanger     Mfg.     Co 31 

McLaury   Marble  Co.,    D.    H...  47 

Metropolitan   Electric   Mfg.    Co. 
in   Cover 

Miller,     H.     W 9 

Monument   Plaster   Co 41 

Morton,    Thomas    29 

National     Ventilating  Co 32 

Newman  Clock  Co   — 

Northwestern    Terra-Cotta    Co., 
The     44 

Otis    Elevator    Company 17 


Page 

Peckworth,    Charlej    H 29 

Penn    Brass    &    Bronze    Works.  15 

Pettlngell- Andrews    Company..  46 

Polachek    Bronze    ft    Iron    Co., 
John     — . 

Pomeroy  Co.,   Inc.,   S.   H 27 

Pooley    Furniture   Co 18 

Prentiss  Clock  Improvement  Co.  34 

Rinkenberger   Co.,    George    E. .  40 

Rock  wood    Sprinkler    Co 24 

Roberts  Elevator  Co.,  James  H.  35 

Safety    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 
The    22 

See  Electric  Elevator  Co..  The 
A.    B 35 

Silver    Lake    Co II    Cover 

Sinunons  Co.,  John 26 

Speidel,  J.   G 85 

Stanley    Works,    The 81 

Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co 16 

Star    Fireproof    Door     ft     Sash 
Co.,    Inc 29 

Stickley,   Gustav    48 

Tettenbom    Refrigerators 34 

Tobey  Furniture  Company,  The    4 
Toch   Brothers    11 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com- 
pany     — 

United  States  Mineral  Wool  Co.  27 

United    States     Press     Clipping 
Bureau     40 

Vacuum     Cleaner     Construction 
Oo 42 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co..  The  35 

Volgtmann  ft   Co 27 

Washburne   ft  Co.,    E.    G 40 

Wells  Architectural   Iron   Co. . .  43 

Wilson  Mfg.   Co.,   James   G....  15 

Winslow  Bros.  Company,  The. .  14 

Young,    William     40 


2ZS52SEn 


il^I 


in 


isirsnroini 


8 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Classified   Advertisements 

NOTS.— Svury  olaMifled  advertiser  is  entitled  to  Insertion  under  one  headlnc.    Under  excr»  headings.  iS.OO  a 


ADDING  MACHINES. 

Automatic  Adding  Machine   Co.,  319  Broadway. 

New   York 

ALTARS,  STATUARY,   ETC. 

Daprato  Statuary  Company. .  .Chicago-New  York 

ARCHITBCTURAL   BRONZE. 

Bagues  Preree  Co 70fS  Fifth  Ave..  New  York 

Penn  Brass  &  Bronze  Works.  40  Penn  St.. 

WiUiamshurg,  N.  Y. 
Polarhek    Bronse    A    Iron    Co..    .Tohn. 

480-4M  Hancock  St.  and  577-581  Boulevard, 

Long    Island   City. 

AWNINQS,  BLINDa  ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  Jas.  O. 

5  W.   29th  St.   New  York  City 

BOTLBR8. 

Badger  it  Sons  Co.,  B.  B..  Boston.  Mass. 
Fltzgihbons  Boiler  Co.,  50  Church  St.,  New  York 
Gorton    L   Lidgerwood   Co., 

0«    Libertv    St..    Ww   York 
Harrisburg  Star  Boiler  Co.,   1  Madison  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

BOLTS— Expansion,     Machine     Expansion,    Mooring, 
Twin,  Toggle. 

Btwis.  F.  H...81-85.Hewe«i  St..  Brooklyn.  K.  Y. 
Star  Kzpanslon  Bolt  Co.,  147-149  Cedar  St.,  N.  Y. 

BRICK— Enameled   Front.       Hollow. 

American  Enamel  Brick  A  Tile  Go.. 

1184  Broadway.  N.  Y. 

Tartar.  Black  ft  Ayern 1JA2  Broadway.  N.  Y. 

Flske    ft    Co.,    Inc.,    40   W.    32d    St.,    New   York 

BRIDGES. 

Van   Dorn   Iron   Works  Go Cleveland,   O 

BRONZE. 

Ba^es.   Freree  Co.,  705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York. 
Penn  Brass  and  Bronze  Works,   Inc.. 

36  to  40  Penn  St.,   Brooklyn,   N.   Y. 
Pols'^hpk   Bmnse  and   Iron  Co..  John, 

480-494  Hancock  St.  and  577-591  Boulevard, 

Long    Ifllsnd    City. 
Winslow  Bros.  Co.,  The,  New  York  and  Chicago. 

BUILDING  CONTRACTORS. 

Fuller  Co.,  Geo.  A.,  Chicago.  New  York.  Boston, 
Washington. 

Peckworth,  Charles  H 631  Hudson  St.,  N.  Y 

Starrett  Company.  Theodore,  108  Park  Ave..  N.  Y. 

BUILDING    DIRECTORY. 

U.  8:  ChaacMbla  Sign  Co.. 8-7  W.  29tli  St..  N.  Y. 

BUTTS.  BALL-BEARING. 

Stanley  Works,  The New  Britain.  Conn. 

CHAIRS,    BENTWOOD.    ETC. 

Kohn,    Jacob   &   Josef New   York-Chicago 

CLOCKS— Synchronised,    Watchman's. 

Newman  Clock  Co.,  The. ..178  Fnlton  St,  N.  Y. 
Prentiss  Clock  Improyemtat  C«., 

Dept  11,  92  Chambers  St..  N.  Y. 

CONCRETE  SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

CORDAGE. 

Silver  Lake  Co Boston.  Masa. 

DAMP-PROOFING. 

Hydro  Damp-prooflng  ft   Engineering   Co.,   The. 
406  Waba«h   nnllding.   Pittsburgh.   Pa. 


DESIGN   BOOKS. 

Dewsnap,    William   D.,   150  Nassau  St.,  N.   Y. 

DOOR  HANGERb. 

McCabe  Hanger  Mfg.  Co.,  150  5th  Ave..  N.  Y. 
Lrfuie   Brua.   \j%t Poughkeepsie,   N.    k. 

DOORS,   REVOLVING,  ETC 

Atchison  Revolving  Door  Co..  The, 

156  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 

DRAWER  SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

86  Warren  St..   N.  Y. 

DRAWING  INKS-CHitSina). 
Hlgfiiia  ft  COb,  Chaa.  M.. 

271  9Qk  Bt.  Bnwklya.  M.  Y. 

DUMB  WAITERS. 

OClB  Elarator  Co 17  Battery  Plaaa,  N.  T. 

^paldelf  J*  Q. ••••>  >••.•••.•••  •••  .Raadins.  Pa. 

ELECTRICAL    CONTRACTORS. 

Boyu  Equipment  Co 373  4th  Ave.,   N.    T. 

ELEVATORS. 

A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co.,  The. 

220  Broadway.  New  York 
Otis  Elevator  Co.,  11th  Ave.  ft  26th  Si,.  X.  Y. 
Roberts  Elevator  Cu.,   James  H., 

430   West   Broadway,    New    York 
Speidel,    J.    O Reading.    Fa. 

ENGINEERS,  ELECTRICAL,  CONSULTING,  BANK 
VAULT,    ETC. 

Boyd,  Thomas  Bruce,  286  Fifth  Ave,  New  York. 
Collins,  Francis  W...50  Church  St.,  New  York 
Holmes,  Frederick  S,  2  Recior  St.,  New  York. 
Ingham,  Howard  M 160  5th  Ave.,  New  York 

EXPANSION  BOLT& 

Erana,  F.  H... 81-86  Hewee  St..  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 
Star  Ezpanslon  Bolt  Co....  14}  GeuAr  ou,  l^.   i. 

EXTERIOR  PLASTER. 

Monumental  Plaster  Company.... Harrison*  N.  J. 

FENCING  AND  RAILINGS. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Clovelaad,   O. 

FILTERS. 

LrfMmls-Manning  Filter  Distributing  Co.. 

828  Land  TlUe  Bldg..  Pldladalphia.  Pa. 

FIRE    BUCKET    TANKS. 

Safety    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.,    The, 

291-293  Seventh  Ave..  New  York 

FIRE    DOOR    EQUIPMENT. 

Lane  Brw.  Co Poochkoepale,  N.  Y. 

FIRE   EQUIPMENT,   GENERAL. 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St..  N.  Y. 

FIRE    EXTINGUISHING    APPARATUS. 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.,  Providence.  R.  I. 

FIRE   PLACES,   CRAFTSMAN,    ETC. 

Stickley.  Gustav 41  W.  34th  St..  New  York 


ESTTsnnswni 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Some  contracts  are  handed  to  us  on  a  Silver  Salver,  a  lew  come  to  us  throu^ 
the  recommendation  of  friends — but  99%  of  our  business  is  secured  because 
oor  oneqnalled  facilities  permit  our  giving  yon  "Class  A"  service  in  CABIIfET 
WOODWORK,  and  UPHOLSTERY  in  the  same  satisfactory  manner  that  we  have 
done  Painting  lor  the  past  30  years. 

Onr  new  factories  and  showrooms  occupy  three  entire  bnildinga.  A  repre- 
sentative will  call  npon  request,  and  you  are  invited  to  call  and  inspect  the 
following  stocks  on  exhibit,  which  are  the  largest  and  most  select  to  be  found 
in  New  lorli :  Wall  Papers,  Mantels,  Andirons,  Lighting  Fixtures,  Fabrics, 
Furniture,  Mirrors,  Antiques,  Clocks,  Candlesticks,  Lamps,  Pillows,  etc. 

(DliarUa  (Srtmntnr  $c  9on 

Tti*pk.H..  7S57-7Sn  H*«««  Svm.  230-334  Eial  37tli  Siraet.  HEW  TOII 


P.  J.  DURCAN,  Inc., 

FLAW  AND  ORNAMENTAL 

PLASTERING    CONTRACTORS 

142  EAST  43nl  STItEET 

NEW  YORK 

Plamtering  Contractora  for  the  Lawyer*'  Club,  IlluMtrattdin  this  iMMUe. 


I  HENDERSON  ANTIQUE  LEADING 


ONE  BALF  INCH  A\'TlQITa  IJJWlHa 


10 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PIRBPROOF  DOORS  AND  8HUTTBR8. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.. Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Orant  Pulley  A  Hardware  Co., 

8  West  :»tta  St.,  New  York 
Kalameln   Co.,   The,   Long  Island   City,   N.   T. 
Knoburn  Company,  305  14tli  St,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 
Lieonard   Sheet  Metal   Works. ..  .Hoboken,   N.   J. 
Pomeroy  Co.,  Inc.,  S.  H., 

427  W.  18th  St.,  New  York  City 

PIRBPROOF  WINDOWS. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Kalameln  Company,  The,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company, 

359-868  14th  St.,  Hoboken.  N.  J. 
P*m«oy  Co.  (Inc.),  S.  H.  .427  W.  18th  St.,  N.  Y. 
Voigtmann  A  Co.,  427  W.  18th  St.  New  York. 

FLOORS. 

General    Kompolite   Co.,    516   Fifth   Ave.,   N.    Y. 

FLOOR  AND  WOODWORK  POLISH. 

Falton,  Sibley  A  O0...I86  N.  4th  St,  PhUa.,  Pa. 

FLOORINQ   MACHINERY. 

International   Floor  Machine  Co.,   39  West  38th 
St.,  New  York. 

FURNITURE, 

Pooley  Furniture  Co., 

16th  St.  and  Indiana  Ave.,   Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Tobey  Furniture  Company,  The, 

New    York    and    Chicago 
Jamestown  Lounge  Cor Jamestown,  N.  Y- 

QARDBN  FURNITURE,  CEMENT. 

Erkins  Studios,  Ihe.  .231  Lexington  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

GAB  AND  BLBCTRIC  FIXTURB8 

Simes  Co..  The,  18  Rose  SL,  New  York. 

GLASS,    ORNAMENTAL. 

Henderson  Bros 701  First  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

Kempe   &   Co 1   W.   34th   St..    N.    Y. 

ORAPHITB  PAINT. 

DIzon  Cradhlo  Co..  Jos Jersay  City.  N.  J. 

HANOBRS— Houae.  Bam  Door. 

Lane  Bros.   Co Poughkeepsle,  N.   Y. 

McCabe  Hanger  Mfg.  Co.  .532  W.  22d  St.,  N.  Y. 

HARDWARB. 

American    Hardware    Corporation,    The, 

^^.  _  New   Britain,    Conn. 

Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co..  ChlcMgu.  ill.;  N«w  York 

Corbln,  P.  A  F. New  BriUln,  Conn. 

Stanley  Works,  The.  Dapt   B. 

N«w  Britain*  Oonn.,  and  70  Chambors  St.  N.  Y. 

HBATINO  APPLIANCBS.     (Also  see  Boilors.) 

Boyd  Equipment  Co... 873  Fourth  Ave.,  N.  Y. 
Gorton  ft  Lidgerwood  Co.  .96  Liberty  St,  N.  Y. 

HINGES— Spring,  Ballbearing.  Etc. 

Bommer  Bnis...2S7  Olaason  Av..  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co., 

Chicago.  111.:  Now  Y«rk. 
SUnley  Works,  The New  Britain,  Conn. 

HOLLOW  TILE. 

Carter,   Black  ft  Ayers..ll82  Broadway,   N.   Y. 

HOT- WATER  BOILERS'— Copper. 
Badger  ft  Sons  Co..  E.  B.. 

63-76  Pitt  St.  Boston,   Mass. 

ICE    CREAM    FREEZING    MACHINERY. 

Emery  Thompson  Machine  and  Supply  Co., 

202  E.  46th  St..  N.  Y. 

iL=,  ii  fcj  11  ^tyuM/*^^ 


IRON   WORK— OrnamenUl   and   Structural. 

Blagues   Freres  Co... 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 
Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co..  John 

480-494  Hancock  St  and  577-591  Boulevard. 

Long   Island   City. 
Wells  Architectural  Iron  Co., 

River    Ave.    and    131st   St.,    N.    Y. 
Winslow    Bros.    Company,    The, 

New  York-Chicago 

JAIL    AND    PRISON    WORK. 

Van  D«rn  Iron  Works  Co 01«?aland,  O. 

JOIST  HANGBR8-(St«al). 

Lmm  BroB.  Oo Pooghkoapaia,  N.  T. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co CleraUnd,  O. 

LIGHTING  FIXTURES-Gas  and  Blaotrle. 

Bagues   Freres   Co....  705  Fifth   Ave.,  New  York 
Pettlngell -Andrews    Oompany Boston.     tSMmi. 

UGHTNINO  RODS. 

Jones.  T.  W 22  Burling  8II9,  M.  T. 

Washbumo  ft  Co..  B.  G..209  Fulton  St.  N.  T. 

LIMESTONE,   INDIANA,  ETTC. 

Glberson  ft  Company,  E.  F. ..  .Bedford,  Indiana. 

LOCKS,   ETC. 

American    Hardware    Corporation, 

New  Britain.  Conn. 
Corbln.   P.   ft  F New   Britain,   Conn. 

MANTELS,    FIREPLACES,   ETC. 

Jackson   Co.,   Wm.   H. .  .2   W.   47th   St,   N.   Y. 

MARBLE  WORKERS. 

Batterson  ft  Eisele,  Times  Building,  New  York. 
Cork  ft  Zioha  Marble  Co., 

325-327  E.  94th   St.  New  York 
MoLaury  Marble  Co 103  Park  Ave.,   N.    Y. 

METAL  CBILINO& 

Barger    Mfft.  Co..   The Canton,   O. 

METAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown.  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Companjr, 

.IW^-SdS  14th  St.  Hoboken.  N.  J. 
Star  Fire  Proof  Door  and  Sash   Co.,   Inc.. 

2660  Park  Ave.,   New  York  City 

MKTAL    LATHING. 

Greenfield.  Inc.,  Arthur.... 204  B.  26th  St.  N.  Y. 

METAL  LUMBER. 

Bargar  Mtg.  Co..  The CantMi,  O. 

MBTALUC   OFFICE   FURNITURE. 

Berger  Mtg.  Co..  The OnBfean,  O. 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Clavaland,  O. 

METAL   SASH   AND   FRAMES. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co... Jamestown.  N.  Y. 
Kalameln  Company.  The,  Long  Island  City.  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company.. 365  14th  St,  Hoboken.  N.J. 
Leonard  Sheet  Metal  Works.... Hoboken,  N.  J. 
Pomeroy  Co.  (Inc.).  8.  H...427  W.  18th  St.  N.Y. 
Star  Fire  Proof  Door  ft   Sash  Co., 

2650  Park   Ave.,    New   York 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy  Co.,  (Inc.).  T.  H.  427  W.  18th  St.  N.  Y. 
Volgtmann  ft  Co..  427  W.  18th  St.  New  YortL 

MINERAL  WOOL. 

U.  S.  Mineral  Wool  Co 140  (3edar  St.  N.  Y. 

PAINTING  CONTRACTORS. 

Grimmer  ft  Son.  CharlAA..280  E.  .^th  St,  N.  Y. 
McKay,  Inc.,  Peter,  167  E.  60th  St,  New  York. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


COPLEY-PLAZA  HOTEL,  BOSTON,  MASS. 

H,  ].   HARDENBERCH,  AlcUlm  CEO.  A.  FULLER  CO..  Buiklm 

DAMP  PROOFED  AND  STAIN  PROOFED  WITH 


AdvertlsementB. — When  writing  Adverllsers,    please  mention  J 


12 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRBSBRVING  IRON 

AND   STEEL. 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jos Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

Tocli   Brothers 820   Fifth   Ave.,    N.    Y. 

PAINTS,  OILiS,  TARNISHBa,  WOOD  FILLdNQ.  •M. 

De  6oto  Paint  VUe.  Company.. Memphis,  Tenn. 
inxoD  Crucible  Oo.»  Jos  .^....Jersey  Ottj,  M.  J. 
FeltOB,  Blbloy  ft  Co., 

IM  N.  4tli  8L.  PhUadelphlA,  Pa. 
Uowe  Brothers  Co.,   The Dayton.   Ohio 

PLASTER  WORK— Plain,   OmamenUl   Models. 

Durcan,  Inc.,  P.  J 142  B.  43d  St..  N.  Y. 

Miller,  H.  W 22d  St  and  Ave  A,  New  York 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

PLUMBERS. 

Boyd   Equipment   Co... 878   Fourth   Ave.,   N.   T. 

Bbyd,  John 284  Columbus  Ave.,  New  York. 

Cornell  Company,  W.  O.. Everett  Bldg.,  N.  Y. 
Rinkenberger  Co.,  George  E..12  B.  42d  St..  N.Y. 
Young.  William 217   W.   13th   St..   N.   Y. 

PRONG  LOCK,  STUDS  AND  FURRING. 

Borger  Mfg.  Co..  The Canton.  O. 

PVBLXBHERS. 

OoflMtDCk  Co..  Tho  W.  T..28  Warren  St..  N.  Y. 

CoBcreto    Age,    The AtlanU,    Georgia 

Maanal  Arts  Press,  The, 

000  German  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria.  111. 

PULLEYS. 

Oraat  Pvlley  *  Hardware  Co., 

t   W.   28th   BL,   N.    Y. 

REFRIGERATORS,    PORCELAIN.    ETC. 

Tettenbom    Refrigerator    Co Cincinnati,    O. 

ItlKQB— Bridle.  Corner  Brace  (Bridle),  Sebco  Aerial. 
BUT  Expansion  Bolt  Co.. 147-148  Cedar  St..  N.  Y. 

ROLLING  DOORS  AND    SHUTTERS— Steel. 

Grant   Pulley    ard    Hardware    Co.. 

8   W.    2Uth   St..    New    York  City. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  James  G.,_^  ^  „      ^,  „    ^ 

3  W.  28th  St.  New  York 

ROOFING  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Barrott  Mfg.  Co Now  York.  N.  Y. 

BABH  CHAINS. 

Morton,  Thomas 108  Elm  St,  N.  Y. 

BABH  CORDS. 

BUTsr  Lake  Co Boston,  Mass. 

BABH  PULLBYB-Iron,  Brass,  Bronio. 

°~»  P-nw  •  H«*w~«  00^    aKh  BC.  N.  T. 

BIDHWAX^  UFTa  _     ^. 

Bpeldol.  J.  G Reading,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Borgor  Mfg.  Co Canton.  0. 

SIGNS,   CHANGEABLE,    ETC. 

Kinney   Co.,   C.  M...3  W.  29th  St,  New  York. 
U.  S.  Changeable  Sign  Co., 

8  W.   28th  St.   New   York 

SILVER  SBRVICE6. 

Gorham  Co..  The 6th  Ave.  ft  dOth  St.,  N.  Y. 

SKYLIGHTS. 

National  Ventilating  Co.. 339  B.  2eth  St.,  N.  Y. 

BNOW  GUARD 

FOlsom  Snow  Guard  Co., 

Roelindale  (Boston),   Mans. 

SPRING  HINGES. 

Bonimer  Bros.... 257  Classen  Ave.,  Bklyn,  N.  Y. 
OMeago   Spring  Butt  Co.  ,„     „       ^    ^ 

Chleago,  111.;  Now  York. 


SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

Automatic   Sprinkler   Co.    of  America, 

128  William  St,   Now   York  City. 
General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 

Prffvidonoe,   R.   L 
Rockwood  Sprinkler  Ck>...128  WUUam  8t,  N.  T. 

STEEL  BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Olovolaad,  O. 

STEEL  JOIST  HANGBRa 

Laao  Bros.  Co PoaghkoiMl«,  M.  T. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co. OiOTfliAnd,  O. 

STEEL    SHUTTERS.    ROLLING,    ETC. 

Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  James  G., 

5  W.  28th  St,  New  York 
STUCCO. 

Monument  Plaster  Go Harrison,  N.  J. 

SWITCHBOARDS.    PANELS.    ETC. 

Metropolitan    Electric    Mfg.    0>.. 

14th    St    ft   East   Ave.,    Long   Island   City 

TACKLE  BLOCKS  (AutomaUo). 

Laae   Bros.    Co Poughkeepsle.    N.    T. 

riCRKA    COTTA. 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  (3o.,   Ill  Broadway,  N.  T. 
•\ui  111  weHittrn  lei-ra   Cwita  Cu., 

1000  Olyboum  Aveu,  Chieag*. 

UPHOLSTERY. 

Grimmer   ft    Son,    Charlee, 

230-284   B.   37th   St,    New   Yofic 

VACUUM  CLEANERS. 

Vacuum    Cleaner    Construction    Co., 

417   Fifth   Ave.,    New   York 

VACUUM  PUMPS. 

Leiman  Bros..  F.  G 62  John  St.  N.  Y. 

VAULT   LIGHTS. 

Borger  Mfg.   Co Canton.  O. 

Brooklyn  Vault  Light  Co. 

262  Monitor  St.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

VENETIAN    BLINDS. 

Wilson    Mfg.    Co.,    Jas.    G.. 

VA  W.  28th  St,   Now  York. 

VENTILATING   RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.  Y. 

VENTILATORa 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Trof,  N.  Y. 

Washbume  ft  Co..  E.  G...208  Fulton  St,  N.  Y. 

WALL  FINISHES— FLAT,   ETC. 
Keystone  Varnish  Co., 

71  Otsego  St,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J. 

WATER    FILTERS. 

Loomis-Manning  Filter  Co., 

828  Land  TiUe  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

WEATHER   VANES. 

Jonoa,  Thos.  W 158  Maiden  Lane,  N.  T. 

Washburne  ft  Co,,   E.   G., 

200  Fulton  St,  N.  T. 

WOODWORK,   ARCHITEXTTURAL,   ETC. 

Grimmer    A    Son,     Charles. 

230-234    B.    37th    St,    N.    Y 

Irving  and  Casson 576  5th  Ave.,  N.  Y 

Matthews    Brothers    Manufacturing    Co., 

61-09  Fourth  St,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

WOOD-WORKING  MACHINERY. 
Barnes  (3o.,  W.  F.  ft  John, 

SOO  Ruby  St.  Rockford,  111. 


^S52I5K 


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m 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Those  with  whom  quality  is  an 
important  object  will  find  our  serv- 
ice tmequaled.  Our  foreign  studios 
are  located  right  in  the  heart  of  the 
Carrara  Marble  district  and  all  work  is 
personally  supervised  by  Prof.  Bianchi 
of  the  Royal  Academy,  at  Massa,  Italy. 
We  are  in  position  to  undertake  any 


Roman  Cities  in  Italy  &nd  Daknatia 

By  A.  L.  FROTHINGHAM,  Ph.  D. 
Profesior  of  Ancient  History  and  Arch&eology  at  Princeton  Universltr. 

A  picture  of  Ancient  Italy  and  pre-Augustan  Rome  drawn  from  her  rivals  has  not  jat 
been  made.  This  book  1b  a  first  sketch  for  Bucta  a  picture  In  popular  form,  and  the  work 
gives  a  moat  Interesting  account  of  these  ancient  cities.  It  is  illustrated  by  m&aj  full 
page  plates  ahowlng  the  various  buildings  and  their  decorative  features,  also  Interiors  and 
details.  Architects  and  students  will  find  It  a  most  intereetlng  volume  to  add  to  their  11- 
brarlee.     Sixty-one  page  plates.  Cloth,  price  net,  $1.75;  postpaid.  91.90. 

Tor  Bale  by 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COHSTOCK  COMPANY,  FabUsher.  23  Wamn  Street.  N.T. 


Advertliements. — When  writing  Adverttse 


and  BuildlOT' 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Peon  Brass  and  Bronze  Works,  inc. 


iniB  Ciulinti  ^  Htny  Dtsaiplion 

36  to  40  Penn  Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


AdvertlBBtnentB. — When 


mtlon  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


TBEVBOie  OF  TDE  VtKMVS 

IN  Tae  UTBLEDtH    CUAFEL 

WEU  DCStBHEV  ADD  SET  UP 

BV  lEHFB  C  CD. 


SEE  For 
Yourself 

the  wonderful  holding 
powers  of  the  Sebco  Expan- 
sion Bolts,  for  fastening 
fixtures  in  brick,  cement, 
stone  and  other  heavy 
masonry. 

SEBCO 

EXPANSION 

BOLTS 

are  unequaled  for  all  work 
where  steel    girders,   cross 
beams    and  other   fixtures 
are  to  be  fastened  in  con- 
crete   columns,   walls,   etc. 
Drill  a  hole  into  the  wall  or  floor  and  insert 
the  shield.      As  the  bolt  is  tightened    the 
shield  expands  at  the  inner  end,  making  it 
impossible  to  pull  out.     Our  illustrated  cat- 
alogue No.  41   describes  many  uses  for  the 
Sebco   Prod;icts.      We  will   gladly   send   it, 
together  with  FREE  working  samples. 

STAR     EXPANSION    BOLT    CO. 

I47-t49   Cedar    StrMl.    Naw   YorK    CItT 


IB 


1 


tE   QUALITY    GOODS 

But  cost  no  more  than  inferior  kindi 


T  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  when  tpedfr- 
-ing  hinges,  which  of  all  hardware  perfonn 
rden  work.  Bomnier  Spring  Hii^s  never 
give  satisfaction,  and  have  withMood  the 
f  tipne.  The  sprinpi  never  go  lame, 
tically  Unbreakable,"  rays  the  Worid'« 
.ward,  Chicago,  1893. 

All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Tliem 


rchltecture  and  BulIdinK. 


Architecture  and  Building 


A  Magazim  Devoted  to  Contemporary  Architectural  Construction 


Volume  XLIV. 


OCTOBER,    1912 


Number  10 


THE    HOTEL  COPLEY-PLAZA,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


HENRY  J.  HARDENBERGH,  Architect 


FACING  Copley  Square,  Boston, 
taking  a  place  in  the  architectural 
group  formed  by  Richardson's  Trinity 
Church  and  the  equally  famous  Public 
Library  building,  the  Hotel  Copley- Plaza 
presents  a  long  low  frontage  of  seven 
story  height,  making  no  interruption  of 
the  skyline  which  has  been  so  wisely  set 
at  90  feet  by  the  Boston  Fathers.  This 
Renaissance  pile  done  in  light  brick  with 
terra-cotta  trimmings  has  a  fagade  made 
interesting  by  a  great  central  bay,  an 
interruption  which  lepds  attraction  to 
what  might  have  been  otherwise  a  bar- 
ren expanse. 
The  decoration  of  the  interior  is  well 

portrayed  by  illustrations,  and  the  ar- 
rangement of  the  rooms  shown  by  the 
plans.  The  typical  floor  plan  is  like  a 
gigantic  E,  with  elevators  and  stairs  in 
two  shafts  in  the  two  outside  wings  lead- 
ing from  the  main  concourse  and  the  side 
entrances  of  the  ground  story,  and  an- 
other elevator  at  the  front  leading  from 
the  Copley  Square  entrance.  There  are 
500  rooms  for  guests  and  private  bath- 
rooms for  all  bedrooms. 

All  the  public  rooms  of  the  hotel  are 
in  the  ground  story  and  basement,  as 
may  be  seen  by  the  plans.  These  rooms, 
as  well  as  other  important  rooms  of  the 
ground  story,  are  of  extra  height,  the 
space  intervening  about  their  upper  por- 
tions being  occupied  by  a  mezzanine 
story. 

Built    on    soft    ground,    the    building 


foundations  rest  on  about  6,000  piles, 
driven  to  a  depth  of  nearly  70  feet  be- 
low street  level.  The  building  is  of  the 
usual  steel  frame  construction,  fire- 
proofed  with  terra-cotta,  which  is  also 
used  for  the  floor  construction.  The  ex- 
terior walls  are  bearing  walls  and  all  in- 
terior partitions  are  of  hollow  terra- 
cotta blocks.  The  stairs  and  elevators 
are  carried  in  fireproof  shafts,  separated 
from  the  corridors  by  kalameined  doors 
on  all  floors  occupied  by  guest  chambers. 

The  floor  surfaces  of  all  bedrooms 
are  cement  and  those  of  the  corridors 
and  stairs  are  terrazzo  and  marble.  All 
trim  and  doors  except  as  before  men- 
tioned are  of  wood. 

Aside  from  efficient  planning  and  fire- 
proof construction,  the  modern  hotel  has 
become  a  possibility  only  by  the  com- 
pleteness of  its  service  and  mechanical 
equipment.  Moreover,  upon  efficient  and 
economical  service  and  operation  of  the 
mechanical  plant  depend  the  profits  of 
the  hotel.  The  service  of  the  Copley- 
Plaza  is  concentrated  in  one  large  base- 
ment which  contains  the  power  plant, 
kitchens,  laundries,  storerooms,  etc. 

POWER    PLANT. 

Power  plant  is  developed  by  a  battery 
of  four  high-pressure,  Babcock  and  Wil- 
cox boilers,  aggregating  1,326  H.  P. 
These  are  equipped  with  Wilkinson  au- 
tomatic stokers  which  are  filled  with 
coal  by  gravity  direct  from  coal  cars  on 
a  firing  platform  above.     These  boilers 


Ill  iiyji)  liy 


HOTEL    COPLEY-PLAZA. 


392 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


furnish  steam  for  the  engines  and  also 
for  the  heating  system  and  all  steam 
used  for  other  purposes.  The  electrical 
power  plant  consists  of  three  direct-con- 
nected units,  two  of  300  kilowatt  and  one 
of  200  kilowatt  capacity.  The  engines 
are  of  low-speed,  releasing  Corliss  type 
and  are  provided  with  efficient  and  sen- 
sitive governors  and  safety  stops  which 
act  automatically  in  case  an  engine  at- 
tains a  speed  of  10  per  cent,  above  its 
rated  speed,  and  which  may  be  operated 
by  a  push  button  at  any  time,  to  instantly 
stop  the  engines.  The  generators  are  of 
the  three-wire,  external  compensator 
type.  The  engines  are  equipped  with 
very  heavy  fly  wheels  so  as  to  make  pos- 
sible the  use  of  a  single  unit  to  supply 
both  lighting  and  elevator  circuits  with- 
out undue  fluctuation  in  the  voltage. 

HEATING  AND  VENTILATING. 

The  heating  and  ventilating  equip- 
ments are  closely  combined.  Ex- 
haust steam  is  regularly  used  for 
heat  except  in  the  very  coldest  weather. 
The  temperature  is  controlled  by 
Johnson  temperature  regulation,  and 
the  return  accelerated  by  a  Webster 
vacuum  system.  All  steam  risers  and  re- 
turns are  concealed  back  of  furring,  and 
all  radiator  connections  are  run  below 
the  finished  floors.  The  radiators  are 
also  screened-in  and  concealed.  All 
steam  piping  is  very  thoroughly  insulated 
with  magnesia  covering  and  the  ceilings 
of  the  engine  and  boiler  rooms  are  cov- 
ered with  magnesia  blocks  so  as  to  in- 
sulate them  and  prevent  undue  heating  in 
the  public  rooms  in  the  ground  story 
above.  Natural  ventilation  under  nor- 
mal conditions  has  been  taken  advantage 
of  to  the  utmost  throughout  the  public 
rooms  of  the  ground  story.  However, 
there  is  mechanical  ventilating  apparatus 
in  all  these  rooms  to  meet  unfavorable 
weather  conditions,  or  conditions  arising 
from  large  assemblages  of  people.  Me- 
chanical ventilation  is  also  provided  for 


the  boiler  and  engine  rooms,  the  kitchen 
and  service  portions,  both  in  the  base- 
ment and  the  ground  story. 

For  the  mechanical  system,  fresh  air 
is  drawn  down  from  the  court  through  a 
shaft  having  a  cross-sectional  area  of 
161  square  feet,  to  a  ventilating  chamber 
where  dust  particles  are  removed  by 
cheese  cloth  screens.  The  air  is  then 
tempered  when  necessary  in  winter  time 
by  being  drawn  over  steam  coils,  the 
temperature  of  which  is  automatically 
controlled  by  thermostats  and  maintained 
at  the  desired  degree.  The  air  is  then 
forced  by  fans  through  iron  ducts  whidi 
are  covered  with  non-conducting  ma- 
terial, and  distributed  to  the  various 
rooms  through  registers;  40,000  cubic 
feet  of  air  per  minute  is  forced  into  the 
ball  room  and  its  foyer  alone,  and  an 
equal  amount  is  supplied  to  the  remain- 
ing rooms  of  the  ground  story.  A  third 
fan  supplies  30,000  cubic  feet  of  fresh 
air  to  the  public  rooms  of  the  basement. 
For  the  ventilation  of  the  service  portion 
of  the  basement,  75,000  cubic  feet  of 
cooled  air  per  minute  is  required. 

Air  is  exhausted  by  five  disk  fans  in 
roof  houses,  which  is  drawn  by  ducts 
from  the  public  rooms  of  the  ground 
story.  A  sixth  fan  exhausts  air  in  a  sim- 
ilar manner  from  the  toilets,  slop  sinks, 
etc.,  in  the  upper  stories.  Steel  plate 
centrifugal  fans  located  in  the  basement 
exhaust  air  from  the  service  portions  and 
discharge  it  through  ducts  above  the 
roof.  All  fans  are  driven  by  direct-con- 
nected electric  motors.  In  the  ballroom, 
the  air  supply  normally  enters  openings 
near  the  ceiling  and  is  exhausted  near 
the  floor,  but  by  a  simple  arrangement  of 
the  supply  ducts  and  a  reversing  damper, 
the  direction  of  this  supply  and  exhaust 
may  be  reversed. 

SANITATION    AND    WATER    SUPPLY. 

A  reference  to  the  typical  floor  plan 
shov/s  the  location  of  the  various  toilets. 
The  water  supply  and  soil  lines  are  all 


HOTEL    COPLEY-PLAZA. 


393 


PLAN  OF  TYPICAL  UPPER  STORY- 

Henry  J,   Hardenber^h.  Architect. 


carried  in  chases  which  are  readily  ac- 
cessible. All  house  drainage  runs  di- 
rectly to  the  sewer,  but  the  basement 
waste  draining  to  a  level  below  the  city 
sewers  is  disposed  of  by  three  Shone 
ejectors  with  a  capacity  of  100  gallons 
per  minute.  The  water  supply  is  circu- 
lated by  city  high  pressure  service.  There 
are  five  double-cylinder  Loomis-Man- 
ning  filters  through  which  all  water 
passes.  The  water  for  drinking  pur- 
poses is  refiltered  through  compound 
Buhring  filters  located  in  the  kitchen, 
serving  pantries  and  bar.  The  hot  wa- 
ter supply  for  the  house  is  heated  by 
three  Davis  hot  water  service  heaters. 
These  are  operated  by  exhaust  steam 
at  2  pounds  pressure,  and  have  a  ca- 
pacity of  raising  water  from  45  to  160 
degrees.  The  water  for  the  hot  water  ser- 
vice comes  from  a  supply  tank  on  the 
roof,    which     normally     receives    water 


from  a  suction  tank  receiving  the  water 
from  the  condensing  coils  of  the  re- 
frigerating plant.  When  this  supply 
is  insufficient,  cold  water  is  automat- 
ically supplied  to  this  tank.  The  hot 
water  supply  to  the  various  fixtures 
throughout  the  house  is  piped  on  a  cir- 
culating system,  A  main  riser  comes 
from  the  hot  water  heaters  to  distrib- 
uting pipes  at  the  top  of  the  house. 
From  this,  down  feeders  lead  to  all  the 
fixtures  and  to  return  pipes  leading  to 
the  heaters  in  the  basement,  where  it  is 
reheated  and  continued  in  circulation. 

ELEVATORS  AND   MECHANICAL  EQUIP- 
MENT. 

The  elevator  equipment  in  the  build- 
ing consists  of  six  passenger  elevators 
grouped  in  two  batteries,  and  three  ser- 
vice elevators.  The  machines  are  the 
A.  B.  See  overhead  worm  gear,  traction 
type.     They   have   a   capacity   of   2,500 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


it 


iSfi 


HOTEL   COPLEY-PLAZA. 


*i 


3! 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


lit? 


HOTEL    COPLEY-PLAZA. 


HOTEL.  COPLEY-PLAZA.     THE  TEA  HOOM. 


pounds  at  a  speed  of  400  feet  per  min- 
ute. There  are  two  baggage  lifts  and 
an  ash  hoist  running  from  the  basement 
to  the  street  level,  and  a  number  of  elec- 

■  trie  dumbwaiters  operating  on  push  but- 
ton control  for  service  between  the  base- 
ment and  the  first  floor. 

A  complete  system  of  house  telephones 
is  installed,  with  an  instrument  in  everj' 
room,  which  communicates  to  a  central 
switchboard  on  the  ground  floor.  This 
provides  for  the  outside  calls  of  guestii 
and  also  for  all  orders  from  the  guest 

.    rooms. 

There  are  two  laundries  shown  by  the 
basement  plan.  One  for  flat  work  is  for 
the  house  service,  and  is  equipped  with 
six  washers,  three  extractors,  two  man- 
gles and  one  dryer,  besides  other  minor 
machinery.  The  guests'  laundry  for  bun- 


dle work,  which  is  done  by  hand,  is  also 
shown  on  the  plan. 

There  is  a  complete  vacuum  cleaning 
equipment,  piped  thrpughout  the  build- 
ing. The  machine  is  a  twelve -sweeper, 
aspirator  equipment,  which  works  on  the 
principal  of  a  steam  inspirator. 

RESTAURANT    SERVICE. 

The  direct  service  of  the  house,  with 
the  various  machinery  pertaining  there- 
to, is  ver>'  well  developed.  The  plan  of 
the  basement  shows  the  location  of  the 
kitchen,  and  a  reference  to  the  ground 
tloor  plan  shows  the  connection  of  the 
kitchen  to  the  various  serving  pantries 
provided  for  the  dining  room.  For  the 
service  of  the  main  dining  room  and  the 
tea  room  there  is  a  serving  room  in  the 
ground  story  which  adjoins  these  two 
rooms  and  is  connected  with  the  kitchen 


HOTEL    COPLEY-PLAZA. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


HOTEL    COIT.RY-PI.AZA.     DOORWAY    1 
Interior  Woodwork:   Matthews   Bn.B.  Mfc-  Co. 
Bentwood  Chairs:   Jacob  &  Josef  Kohn. 


HOTf.L    COPLEY-PLAZA. 


402 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


by  a  wide  flight  of  stairs.  The  checker's 
desk  is  located  at  the  foot  of  the  stairs, 
which  open  directly  into  the  kitchen  be- 
fore the  cooks'  tables.  For  the  service 
of  the  grill  and  barroom  there  is  a  sep- 
arate service  room  in  the  ground  story 
and  a  grill  pantry  in  the  basement.  The 
connection  between  th-ese  two  pantries 
is  by  means  of  a  large  automatic  dumb- 
waiter and  by  a  flight  of  stairs  leading 
to  the  kitchen.  There  is  a  serving  room 
for  the  salon,  and  one  for  the  ballroom, 
each  of  which  have  connecting  pantries 
in  the  basement,  with  flights  of  stairs 
leading  from  these  pantries  in  each  case. 
The  location  of  the  ranges,  pastry  ovens 
and  other  appurtenances  of  the  kitchen 
are  clearly  shown  in  the  plan.  Two  por- 
tions of  the  mechanical  equipment  come 
into  play  particularly  in  connection  with 
the  kitchen  and  restaurant  service,  name- 
ly, refrigeration  and  steam  warmers. 


For  refrigeration  there  are  two  York 
ammonia  compression  machines  of  30 
tons  capacity.  These  supply  chilled  brine 
to  the  coils  of  29  refrigerators  located 
in  various  parts  of  the  kitchen  and  serv- 
ing pantries,  and  bar  of  the  ground  story, 
and  also  provide  refrigeration  for  an  ice- 
making  plant. 

Steam  is  piped  to  various  warmers 
throughout  the  kitchen  and  ground  story 
serving  rooms. 

Guests  are  served  in  their  rooms  di- 
rectly from  the  kitchen  by  means  of  two 
of  the  service  elevators  previously  men- 
tioned and  plainly  shown  on  the  plans. 
The  orders  are  brought  directly  from  the 
kitchen  by  means  of  these  elevators  to 
the  particular  floor  and  room.  This  sys- 
tem is  economically  possible  in  this  build- 
ing because  of  its  few  stories. 

HOUSE  SERVICE. 

I'nder  this  head  we  may  group  maid 


HOTEL,  COP  LEY- PLAZA. 
Marble  and  Mosaic:    Batterson   St  Elsele. 
Ornamenlal   Plaster:  McNulty  Bros.   Inc. 
A.   B.  ijee  Eli-clrlc  Dumbwaiters, 


HOTEL    COPLEY-PLAZA. 


Keystona  Flat  Finiah  Used. 

Vacuum  Cleaner:    Sanitary  Dust  RemovInG:  Co. 

Furniture:  Pooley  Furniture  Co. 

LlKtitlng  Fixtures:    Pettlnsell-Andrewa  Co. 


404 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


service,  watchman  service,  and  the  means 
of  communication,  and  distributing  or- 
ders of  guests.  The  maids  who  take 
care  of  the  rooms  and  on  occasion  serve 
the  guests  are  at  all  times  distributed 
about  the  hotel,  and  to  provide  a  means 
of  communication  with  them  a  maids' 
annunciator  system  has  been  installed. 
Outside  of  the  door  of  every  guest  room 
there  is  a  plate  into  which,  on  entering 
the  room,  the  maid  plugs  in  a  portable 
light.  This  light  indicates  to  the  matron 
in  charge  of  the  floor  the  location  of  each 
maid  on  that  floor,  and  at  the  same  time 
that  the  signal  is  plugged  in  a  light  is 
shown  on  an  annimciator  in  the  main 
•jffice,  thus  giving  at  all  times  the  location 
of  each  maid  in  the  house.  Communica- 
tion can  then  be  had  with  the  maid  by 
means  of  the  telephone  in  the  room. 

All  orders  from  guests  may  be  com- 
municated by  telephone  to  the  main  of- 
fice, where  they  are  made  out  and  de- 
livered by  a  pneumatic  tube  to  the  kit- 
chen, bar,  or  elsewhere.  There  are  also 
pneumatic  tube  stations  on  every  floor. 


from  which  waiters  serving  meals  in 
rooms  may  transmit  orders  directly  to 
tlie  kitchen  for  filling. 

The  watchman's  system  consists  of 
station  boxes  of  the  magneto  type  lo- 
cated on  the  various  floors,  which  regis- 
ter the  time  and  place  of  the  watchman 
on  a  dial  in  the  chief  engineer's  office. 
There  are  over  thirty  stations  on  this 
system,  which  was  installed  by  The  Holt- 
zer-Cabot  Electric  Company. 

An  automatic  clock  system  is  wired 
throughout  the  building  by  means  of 
v\'hich  clocks  in  all  the  parlors  and  in 
the  public  rooms  and  service  departments 
of  the  hotel  are  automatically  regulated. 

FIRE   PREVENTION. 

There  are  fire  alarm  boxes  on  every 
floor,  with  fire  bells  located  throughout 
the  building.  The  first  signal  from  an 
alarm  box  goes  to  the  hotel  office  and 
the  chief  engineer's  office,  and  also  rings 
in  the  service  elevators.  The  operators 
upon  receiving  the  fire  signal  immedi- 
ately lower  the  elevators  to  the  base- 
ment, get  the  house  fire-fighting  force 


HOTEL  COPLEY 


Basement  Provided  with  G 


.B  BARBER   SHOP. 

Henry  J,  Hardenbergh,  Arcbttect 
Automatic   Sprinkler  Equipment. 


ARCHITECTURE-  AND    BUILDIHG. 


405 


and  take  them  directly  to  the  floor  from 
which  the  alarm  was  sounded. 

Outside  alarm  to  the  public  department 
15  given  from  the  hotel  office,  and  the 
general  aktrm  throughout  the  hotel  i* 
also  sounded  from  this  point.  As  pre- 
viously mentioned,  the  stair  and  elevator 
shafts  are  practically  fire  towers,  but  in 
addition  to  this  there  is  an  outside  fire 
escape  on  the  central  wing.  The  house 
fire  equipment  consists  of  hand  extin- 
guishers located  about  the  upper  lloor 
corridors,  and  there  are  four  hnes  of 
standpipes  provided  with  75  feet  of  hose 
on  open  reels.  The  water  supply  is  from 
the  high  pressure  street  mains.  More- 
over, the  entire  basement,  kitchen,  pan- 
tries and  storerooms,  the  portions  in 
which  a  fire  is  most  likely  to  originate, 
are  protected  with  Grinnel  automatic 
sprinklers,  receiving  their  water  supply 
from  the  high  pressure  street  service. 

The  George  A.  Fuller  Company  built 
the  Copley-Plaza.  C,  O.  Mailloux  and 
C-  E.  Knox  were  the  consulting  electrical 
engineers,  and  Nygren,  Tenney  & 
Ohmes  were  consulting  engineers  for 
the  heating  and  ventilating.  Dixon's 
silica  graphite  paint  was  used  on  the 
steel  work.  The  masonry  work  was 
damp-proofed  and  stain-proofed  with 
R.  I.  W.  paints.  American  enameled 
brick  was  used  for  linings  in  the  boiler 
rooms. 

The  Winslow  Brothers  Company  did 
the  ornamental   iron   and  bronze   work. 


The  interior  woodwork  was  done  by  the 
Matthews  Brothers  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany. Batterson  &  Eisele  did  the  marble 
work  and  mosaics.  McNulty  Brothers 
did  the  ornamental  plaster.  Henderson 
Brothers  put  in  the  mirrors  and  leaded 
glass,  and  Keystona  flat  finish  was  used 
on  the  walls. 

The  pUunbjng  was  done  by  the  W.  G. 
Cornell  Company,  and  the  vacuum  clean- 
er was  put  in  by  the  Sanitary  Dust  Re- 
moving Company,  The  Metropolitan 
Electric  Manufacturing  Company  sup- 
plied panel  boards  and  their  detachable 
mechanism  flush  switches.  The  lighting 
fixtures  were  planned,  designed  and  in- 
stalled by  the  Pettingell-Andrews  Com- 
pany, and  are  in  keeping  with  the  archi- 
tectural spirit  of  the  rooms  in  which 
they  are  placed.  Direct-indirect  lighting 
is  employed  in  the  foyer,  dining  room, 
tea  room  and  some  other  portions  of  the 
ground  story,  using  lamps  with  special 
reflectors  placed  back  of  non-absorptive 
diffusing  glass.  This  system  was  evolved 
by  the  architects  with  the  collaboration 
of  Mr.  C.  E.  Knox. 

The  Pooley  Furniture  Company  sup- 
plied the  furniture  for  the  hotel,  a  very 
beautiful  and  elaborate  equipment 
Bentwood  chairs  were  furnished  by  Ja- 
cob and  Josef  Kohn.  The  Erkins  Studios 
supplied  the  cement  stone  flower  urns 
in  the  tea  room.  The  silver  service  for 
the  hotel  was  designed  by  the  Gorham 
Company. 


PRODUCED  BY  THE  GORHAM  COMPANY   FOK  THE  COI'LEY- PLAZA. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


THE  BETHLEHEM  CHAPEL 

Cathedra]  Church  of  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul,  Washinpon,  D.  C. 
HENRV  VAUGHAN,  Architect 

THE  Bethlehem  Chapel  of  Holy  Na-  the  decorated  Gothic  of  the  Fourteenth 
tivity  of  Washington  Cathedral  Century,  which  is  the  architectural  style 
was  a  project  formed  by  Bishop  Satter-  of  the  Cathedral,  was  adopted  in  its 
lee  during  the  last  years  of  his  life,  and  stead.  The  seating  capacity  was  in- 
after  his  death  the  project  was  carried  creased  to  about  five  hundred, 
out  and  the  chapel  built  as  a  memorial  to  While  the  exterior  of  the  Chapel  con- 
the  first  bishop  of  Washington,  forms  as  a  whole  to  that  of  the  Cathe- 

The  chapel,  which  is  a  crypt,  is  placed     dral,  the  architect  has  allowed  himself 
beneath  the  high  altar  of  the  Cathedral, 

as  Bishop  Satterlee  had  planned  it,  and 

the  foundation  stone  of  the  choir  of  the 

Cathedral  forms  the  sub-structure  upon 

which  the  Bethlehem  Chapel    is     built. 

Owing  to  the  lay  of  the  land  and  the 

sloping  nature  of  the  site,  the  crypt  is  al- 
most  entirely  above  ground,   with   well 

lighted  windows.    As  originally  planned 

by  Bishop  Satterlee,  the  architecture  of 

the  chapel  was  in  the  Norman  style,  with 

massive  pillars  and  round  arches,  divided 

interiorally  into  three  aisles   similar  in 

size  and  proportion  to  those  of  the  Nor- 
man churches  of  Europe,  and  with  a  ca- 
pacity for  seating  about  three  hundred 

persons- 

When  the  architect  and  the  Chapter  of 

Washington  Cathedra!  came  to  the  plan- 
ning of  the  chapel,  however,  it  was  found 

necessary  to  depart  somewhat  from  this 

original  plan.    The  round  Norman  arch, 

it  was   thought,  would  give   too  low  a 

vault  and  would  be  depressing  in  effect. 

The  Norman  windows  on  the  exterior 

were  out  of  harmony  with  the  Gothic 

architecture    of    the    remainder    of    the 

Cathedral,  and  on  the  other  hand,  Gothic 

windows,  if  used  for  the  chapel,  would 

be  out  of  keeping  with  Norman  features 

of  the  interior. 

Under   these   conditions   the   Norman 
style  for  the  chapel  was  abandoned,  and 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


BETHLEHEM  CHAPEL. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


BETHLEHEM    CH Ai- 
rs:   E.  P.  Glberaon  &  Co. 

•  vlnKftCasHon. 


BETHLEHEM   CHAPEL. 


bethi.ehe:m  chapeu    the  north  aisle,  looking  westward  from  the 

CHANCEL. 
star  Expanlon  Bolts  L'sed.  Henry  Vaughan,  Architect. 


412 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


more  latitude  in  the  decoration  and  ar- 
rangement of  the  interior.  The  nave  is 
severely  simple,  resembling  somewhat 
the  transitional  Norman  from  which  the 
Gothic  developed.  The  chancel  is  richly 
decorated  with  the  purest  Gothic  orna- 
ment. In  fact  there  is  much  more  orna- 
ment in  the  chapel  than  will  appear  in 
the  great  Cathedral  above.  In  the 
vaulted  niche  behind  the  reredos  of  the 
chapel  and  under  the  altar  of  the  Cathe- 
dral a  tomb  has  been  prepared  which 
will  be  final  resting  place  of  Bishop  Sat- 
terlee.  The  Chapel  has  been  so  orient- 
ated that  on  May  4th,  the  traditional 
date  of  the  Ascension  of  our  Lord,  the 
sun  will  shine  directly  through  the  east 
window  and  fall  upon  the  sepulchre. 

The  foundations  of  Bethlehem  Chapel 
are  upon  a  compact  bed  of  cemented 
gravel  which  forms  an  excellent  support 
for  the  heavy  walls  and  towers.  The 
footings  are  of  concrete  carried  down  to 
a  depth  of  19  feet  below  the  level  of 
the  chapel  floor,  29  feet  below  the  ground 
level  at  the  west  end  of  the  chapel,  and 
extending  24  feet  under  the  main  walls 
of  the  Chapel  and  Cathedral.  The  exca- 
vated spaces  between  the  footings  have 
been  enclosed  and  are  used  for  air  ducts, 
heating  chambers  and  a  burial  vault. 

The  floor  is  of  reinforced  concrete, 
surfaced  with  marble  2  inches  thick. 
The  wails  are  of  solid  masonry,  hard 
burned  brick  laid  in  cement  mortar,  85^ 
feet  in  thickness  in  the  main  walls  and 
6^  feet  in  the  walls  outside  of  the  ves- 
tries. They  are  faced  inside  and  out 
with  Indiana  limestone  in  sandrubbed 
finish,  the  facing  being  12  inches  and 
16  inches  in  alternate  courses.  Although 
the  regular  shaped  stone  was  cut  and 
dressed  by  machinery  at  the  quarries,  in 
laying  the  courses  the  vertical  joints 
were  broken,  no  one  coming  directly 
above  another  in  any  course,  in  imitation 
of  the  work  in  old  cathedrals  of  Europe, 
where  each  stone  was  cut  and  dressed  at 


the  site  as  required.  This  Indiana  lime- 
stone, which  is  of  very  even  texture  and 
beautifully  finished,  was  supplied  by  the 
cut  stone  contractors,  E.  F.  Giberson 
&  Company. 

In  the  apse  end  there  are  five  large 
window  openings,  the  full  height  of  the 
chapel.  The  jambs  of  these  windows 
are  slightly  flaring,  displaying  the  thick- 
ness of  the  wall.  The  five  apse  win- 
dows consist  of  four  panels  each,  with 
tracery  above.  The  picture  of  the  most 
northerly  window  shows  the  Genealogy 
of  our  Lord.  The  next  one  is  the  Glo- 
ria in  Excelsis.  The  centre  and  most 
easterly  window  is  the  Annunciation. 
The  fourth  window  is  the  Epiphany,  and 
the  most  southerly  window  is  the  Nunc 
Dimittis.  There  are  other  beautiful  win- 
dows placed  over  the  doorways  and  else- 
where in  the  chapel  representing  other 
subjects  connected  with  Christ's  Na- 
tivity. In  the  designs  the  devotional  ef- 
fect of  the  great  mediaeval  windows  is 
well  combined  with  the  more  perfect 
drawing  characteristic  of  the  modern 
phase  of  this  art.  These  were  all  de- 
signed by  Mr.  Walter  E.  Tower,  of 
Kempe  and  Company.  In  the  nave  the 
wall  pillars  which  support  the  roof  di- 
vide the  north  and  south  walls  into  five 
bays  each.  On  the  west  wall  of  the 
chapel  the  central  arch  of  three  divis- 
ions extends  the  full  height  of  the  nave 
and  is  occupied  by  the  organ. 

The  doors  are  of  oak  in  natural  finish, 
of  simple  design  and  substantial  con- 
struction. They  ar-e  hung  directly  to  the 
stone  work  by  ornamental  iron  hinges. 
The  woodwork  and  choir  stalls  were  pro- 
duced by  Irving  and  Casson. 

The  chapel  is  lighted  by  clusters  of  six 
Tungsten  bulbs  in  each  alternate  section 
of  the  vaulted  ceiling,  concealed  in 
carved  alabaster  bowls  through  which 
the  light  is  diffused.  The  globes  are  sus- 
pended from  the  ceiling  by  ornamental 
bronze  chains. 


STANDPIPE  AND  HOSE  SYSTEM  IN  BUILDINGS 


Being:  Portions  of  the  Report  of  the  Committee  on 
Standards  of  the  National  Fire  Protective  Association 

PART  III. 

W.  C.  ROBINSON,  Chairman 


THE  following  portion  of  Mr.  Rob- 
inson's report  deals  with  the  main- 
tenance of  a  standpipe  system.  When  a 
system  has  been  properly  installed  it 
should  be  kept  at  highest  efficiency.  This 
is  the  last  article,  and  is  the  concluding 
portion  of  Mr.  Robinson's  report. 
MAINTENANCE. 

The  strength  of  standpipe  and  hose  sys- 
tems, like  that  of  other  fire  protection 
equipments,  is  dependent  on  the  strength 
of  its  weakest  link.  These  systems  are 
normally  inert,  and,  unlike  other  apparatus 
and  machinery,  the  use  of  buildings  or  the 
operation  of  plants  is  not  directly  depend- 
ent on  their  being  maintained  in  operative 
condition.  As  a  consequence,  cheap  and 
unsuitable  equipment,  difficult  to  maintain, 
is  usually  installed,  and  systems  are  fre- 
quently neglected  and  allowed  to  become 
unreliable  or  inoperative.  Obviously,  the 
trouble  and  cost  of  maintenance  are  in- 
verse functions  of  the  suitability  of  the 
materials  and  devices  for  the  service  and 
thf  thoroughness  with  which  they  are  in- 
stalled. The  most  careful  attention  is  nec- 
essary in  the  selection  and  installation  of 
the  devices  and  materials,  for  a  strong 
simple  standpipe  system  requiring  a  mini- 
mum of  attendance  and  maintenance  is  es- 
sential. 

The  entire  system  of  piping  up  to  and 
including  the  hose  valves  should  be  thor- 
oughly tested  out  under  a  pressure  of  at 
least  300  pounds  to  the  square  inch  at  the 
lower  story.  Where  systems  are  to  be 
installed  in  extremely  high  buildings  or 
used  in  connection  with  high  pressure 
mains  they  should  be  tested  out  under 
higher  pressures.  Ample  factors  of  safety 
should  be  provided  in  all  parts  of  the  sys- 
tem. 

Particular  attention  should  be  given  to 
the  condition  of  the  hose  valves,  as  they 
are  frequently  the  greatest  source  of  an- 
noyance and  expense.  They  should  be 
carefully  examined  at  least  once  a  year 
to  see  that  they  are  operative  and  in  re- 
gard   to   their   tightness.      If   found   to    be 


unreliable  they  should  be  replaced,  as  an 
inoperative  valve  may  defeat  the  object 
of  the  entire  system  and  leakage  will  rot 
the  hose  and  render  it  unreliable.  In  a 
properly  equipped  system,  leakage  may  be 
detected  by  inspection  of  the  drip  cocks 
a*-  the  valves,  and  a  general  check  on  their 
tightness  may  be  secured  by  locating  the 
open  end  of  the  main  drain  in  the  engine 
room,  or  at  a  point  where  the  discharge 
of  water  from  it  can  easily  be  observed. 

If  the  hose  valves  are  in  locations  where 
they  are  apt  to  be  molested  they  should 
be  equipped  with  guards  which  will  pre- 
vent tampering,  but  which  can  be  broken 
open  in  case  of  fire. 

The  hose  is  probably  the  most  perishable 
part  of  the  system,  but  if  the  best  grade 
of  linen  hose  is  employed  and  given  proper 
care,  its  lasting  qualities  will  be  in  excess 
of  twenty  years.  Water  should  never  be 
turned  into  linen  hose,  or  the  hose  wetted 
unless  it  is  necessary  to  use  it  in  case  of 
fire,  after  which  it  should  be  thoroughly 
dried  out  before  it  is  reracked.  Hose  sub- 
ject to  dripping  or  excessive  moisture 
should  be  protected  by  coverings.  Unlike 
cotton  rubber-lined  hose,  running  water 
through  linen  hose  acts  to  reduce  its  last- 
ing  qualities. 

The  hose  should  be  stored  on  racks,  but 
it  is  probably  advisable  to  remove  it  at 
intervals  and  rerack  it,  with  the  folds  in 
different  places.  Where  private  fire  de- 
partments are  maintained,  practice  drills 
should  include  laying  the  hose  without 
turning  on  the  water.  Extra  hose  should 
be  provided  for  drilling  the  men  in  the 
handling  of  fire  streams. 

Fire  hose  should  be  uncoupled  at  inter- 
vals and  new  gaskets  installed  in  the 
couplings,  both  at  the  hose  valves  and  at 
the  play  pipes  and  nozzles. 

The  system  should  be  under  constant 
pressure  through  full  open  connections  to 
the  water  supplies  for  the  first  aid  streams. 
The  proper  maintenance  of  the  water  sup- 
plies can  usually  be  made  almost  incidental 
to  the  upkeep  of  other  necessary  parts  of 
modern  building  or  plant  equipment. 

Systematic  periodical  inspection  of  all 
portions   of  standpipe   systems   is   essential, 


ARCHITECTURE    AND   BUILDING. 


and  employees  to  whom  this  duty  is  in- 
trusted should  be  held  strictly  responsible 
for  their  condition. 

A  thoroughly  trustworthy  standpipe  and 
hose  system  will  naturally  appeal  to  those 
who  must  spend  a  large  proportion  of 
their  time  under  its  protection,  particu- 
larly so  in  high  buildings  and  buildings 
from  which  escape  at  time  of  fire  is  mani- 
festly difficult.  Full  appreciation  of  the 
value  of  such  systems  for  the  protection 
of  life  and  property  against  tire  will  un- 
doubtedly result  in  a  more  systematic 
drilling  of  employees  in  the  handling  of 
fire  apparatus  arid  the  more  extensive  es- 
tablishment of  trained  private  fire  depart- 
ments. The  members  of  such  organizations 
will  gain  confidence  in  their  own  ability  to 
extinguish  fire  and,  if  properly  organized 
and  instructed,  will  undoubtedly  take  pride 
in  their  share  of  the  maintenance  of  the 
standpipe   and  hose   system. 

The  standpipe  and  hose  system  must 
necessarily  lack  the  essential  qualification 
responsible  for  the  success  of  the  auto- 
matic sprinkler  system,  namely,  the  auto- 
matic application  of  water  to  the  seat  of 
fire,  regardless  of  the  locality  at  which  the 
fire  may  start  within  the  building.  It  is 
also  lacking  as  regards  its  reliability  of 
application  to  fire  under  all  conditions.  At 
the  same  time,  the  standpipe  and  hose  sys- 
tem furnishes  the  closest  possible  approx- 


the    standard    of    efficiency    in 
fire    extinguishment    set    by    the  automatic 

sprinkler.  Its  use  as  essential  to  the  proper 
protection  of  present  day  buildings  against 
fire.  Its  general  application  to  buildings  in 
congested  city  districts,  particularly  where 
the  buildings  are  high,  will  greatly  increase 
the  fire  department  facilities  and  very 
materially  decrease  the  conflagration  haz- 

In  the  foregoing  your  committee  has  at- 
tempted to  outline  the  essential  require- 
ments for  a  standpipe  and  hose  system 
which  will  prove  efficient,  reliable  and  safe 
in  the  hands  of  all  who  may  be  expected 
to  handle  it.  If  designed,  installed  and 
maintained  as  indicated,  the  system  pro- 
vides the  means  for  the  extinguishment 
of  fire  during  its  incipient  stages;  for  the 
control  of  fire  in  its  more  advanced  stages 
on  the  interior  and  exterior  of  buildings, 
and  for  the  heavier  fire  stream  service  of 
long  duration  often  necessary  in  fighting 
fires  in  nearby  buildings,  particularly  at 
the  higher  levels.  The  system  is  ready  for 
instant  use  and  is  so  equipped  that  it  need 
only  be  provided  with    the   men    to   oper- 

The  committee  sincerely  trusts  that  this 
will  be  a  prominent  subject  in  the  deliber- 
ations of  the  association  until  all  of  the 
problems  it  presents  are  properly  solved 
and   a   comprehensive   standard   is   adopted. 


WINDOW  OVER  DOOR  OP  SOUTH  PORCH  OF  THE  BETHLEHEM  CHAPEI. 

Zachariaa   Naming  His  Son   Saint   John   The   Baptist. 
Windows:    C.   P.  Kempe  &  Co., 


CORNELL  UNIVERSITY  DRAWINGS. 


(■■Working  Drawings,  Cornell  University,  College  of  A 


■fW-    1 


CORNELL   UNIVERSITY  DRAWINGS.  ■ 


Third  Floor  Plan. 


|[i\  ..1 .  .Jv>r  e  , 

:■;;.(. 

;  / 

1    ;        A 

/     '  i 

1   1     i-=i 

■  'f — 

m 

r^ 


Second  Floor  Plan. 
A    SMALL    COUNTRY    HOUSE. 

H.  W.  Kail,  Architect 

'orking  Drawings,  Cornell  University.  Colleee  of    Architecture. 


THE  LAWYERS'  CLUB,  NEW  YORK 

FRANCIS  H.  KIMBALL,  Architect 


THE  problem  presented  in  creating 
club  rooms  for  the  Lawyers'  Qub 
in  the  space  of  the  upper  stories  of  the 
United  States  Realty  Building  involved 
the  transformation  of  a  long,  relatively 
narrow  and  unquestionably  low-ceilinged 
area  into  club  rooms  which  should  have 
continuity  in  suite  and  individual  dignity 
of  proportion.  The  area  consisted  of  the 
three  top  stories,  the  twentieth  to  the 
twenty-second.  The  first  two  stories  are 
used  principally  as  club  rooms,  while  the 
top  story,  which  was  largely  built  new, 
is  in  the  peak  of  the  roof  and  of  re- 
stricted area,  being  occupied  entirely  by 
the  kitchen  and  service  portions. 

The  plan  of  the  first  two  stories  shows, 
over  all,  dimensions  of  63  by  265  feet. 
In  the  center  portion,  back  of  the  middle 
of  the  long  dimension,  is  the  stair  hall 
and  battery  of  six  elevators,  which  form 
a  long,  narrow,  immovable  bulk.  The 
ceiling  height  was  11  feet  on  the  first 
story  and  only  9  feet  on  the  second. 
Within  this  unpromising  area  a  complete 
series  of  club  rooms  has  been  created. 
The  first  story  <3ontains  the  principal 
rooms  of  the  club,  the  central  foyer,  of- 
fice and  coat  rooms,  with  an  ornamental 
staircase  leading  to  the  floors  above  and 
a  hall  of  approach  to  the  main  dining 
room  at  the  east,  and  the  club  lounging 
rooms  at  the  west.  On  the  second  story 
east  is  the  dining  room  mezzanine,  and 
the  grille;  in  the  center  the  manager's 
quarters,  and  the  ladies'  dining  room  and 
retiring  rooms ;  to  the  west,  private  din- 
ing rooms. 

With  this  disposition  of  areas  in  mind, 
we  may  consider  the  solution  of  the 
problem  which  developed  itself  as  a  mat- 
ter of  architectural  and  decorative  treat- 


ment. Here,  proportion  is  the  result  of 
visual  effects  in  color  and  ornamental 
form,  as  structural  proportion  was  an 
impossibility,  except  in  the  dining  room. 
With  the  sole  structural  change  of  cut- 
ting away  five  bays  between  the  center 
columns,  about  20  by  90  feet,  the  whole 
east  end  of  the  two  stories  was  thrown 
into  one  great  room,  with  a  ceiling  twen- 
ty feet  in  height  and  with  a  surround- 
ing mezzanine.  Structural  proportion 
was  thus  gained  in  this  space,  which 
was  to  form  the  principal  room  of  the 
club.  It  remained  to  decorate  it  and  to 
join  this  room  with  the  rest  of  the  club 
looms  in  uninterrupted  sequence.  The 
secret  of  this  lay  in  the  great  Gothic 
window,  which  is  the  center  of  attrac- 
tion and  may  be  said  to  be  the  pivot 
about  which  the  whole  life  of  the  club 
centers. 

This  window  is  a  mass  of  rich  color, 
while  all  other  surfaces,  walls,  carpets 
and  decorations  are  in  a  quiet,  harmo- 
nizing monochrome.  By  placing  this  rich 
Gothic  window  at  the  end  of  the  vista, 
the  eye  is  taken  away  from  the  hall  and 
swept  down  to  the  window,  thus  making 
a  connecting  link  between  these  two  por- 
tions. 

The  idea  embodied  in  the  window  is 
that  law  is  an  organism,  that  it  has  his- 
torical continuity,  and  is,  in  fact,  a  his- 
tory of  civilization;  that  law  is  the  ex- 
pression of  orderliness.  Viewed  in  this 
light,  no  nation,  any  more  than  any 
individual,  stands  disconnected  or  by 
itself.  This  huge  window,  17  by  20 
feet,  is  divided  into  various  horizontal 
and  longitudinal  panels.  The  first  or 
foundation  panels  on  the  left  hand  side 
represent  symbolically   the  laws  of  the 


THE   LAWYERS'   CLUB. 


Lowe  Bros.'  Co. 


3  Mellotone  Colore  In  C 
-n  Bolis  Used. 


Medes,  Persians,  Egyptians  and  Greeks. 
On  the  right  hand  side  is  symbolically 
shown  forth  the  laws  of  the  Scandina- 
vians, Anglo-Saxons,  and  Normans 
On  the  second  horizontal  panel  there  is 
shown  respectively  on  the  left  hand  side 
the  figures  of  Justinian  and  his  court 
codifying  the  laws  of  the  nations  pre- 
ceding them,  and  on  the  right  hand  side 
William  the  Conqueror  and  his  counsel- 
ors carrying  the  Roman  law  through  the 
Norman  into  England,  and  embodying 
into  the  system  of  jurisprudence  the  laws 
of  Anglo-Saxon  and  Scmdinavian  na- 
tions. The  great  central  shaft,  dividing 
the  iwo  dominant  flanking  panels,  sym- 
bolically sets  forth  the  evolution  of  the 
common  law  of  England,  its  transition 
to  America,  symbolized  by  the  May- 
flower, the  American  seal  and  a  beauti- 


ful figure  of  Justice  blindfolded,  stand- 
ing upon  a  classic  building,  suggestive 
of  the  Capitol  at  Washington.  At  the 
top  of  the  window  the  ten  tables  of  the 
law  are  introduced,  as  suggesting  the 
dominating  moral  quality  running 
through  all  law.  While  the  window  is 
practically  square,  so  cleverly  has  the 
conipo.sition  and  perspective  been  ad- 
justed that  one  at  first  sight  might  think 
the  window  was  twice  as  high  as  it  is 
broad,  thus  elevating  and  ennobling  the 
room.  The  base  of  the  window  is  three 
feet  above  the  floor.  From  this  space 
there  emerges  a  fountain,  symlwlic  of 
law  as  a  living  stream.  The  plant  life 
ground  the  fountain  is  emblematic  of  the 
organic  life  and  virility  of  law,  adapting 
itself  to  new  forms  of  civilisation. 

While  shades  of  brown  and  gold  are 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


dominant  with  some  decoration  in  blue 
throughout  the  dining  room  and  hall,  the 
mam  lounge  at  the  east  end  is  an  entirely 
different  treatment.  Here  the  Gothic 
gives  place  to  the  Flemish  and  the  colors 
change  to  black  oak  in  the  woodwork  and 
bluish  green  in  the  tapestry.  The  transi 
tion  is  softened  bv  a  ru^  which,  if  the 
term  is  applicable,  is  almost  iridescent. 
It  blends  from  brown  to  blue  and  from 
blue  to  brown,  according  to  the  side  of 
approach.  The  lounge  is  cosily  furnished, 
containing  a  great  Caen  stone  fireplace, 
surrounded  by  comfortable  chairs.  Ad- 
joining it  is  a  writing  room  in  formal 
French  treatment  and  a  smaller  room 
which  is  in  effect  a  conservatory  or  en- 
closed veranda  surrounded  by  a  marble 
wainscot  with  flowered  tapestry  above. 
This  contains  a  broad  fireplace  and  is 
furnished  in  Flemish  oak.     Its  outdoor 


effect  is  heightened  by  the  gilded  Gothic 
screen  carrying  leaded  glass  panes  which 
divides  it  from  the  hall. 

This  lounge  is  low-ceilinged  in  propor- 
tion to  its  area,  being  but  elevai  feet  in 
height.  To  overcome  this,  several  de- 
vices have  been  resorted  to,  such  as  grad- 
ually diminishing  the  length  of  the  panels 
in  the  wainscot,  thus  heightening  this 
portion  as  in  perspective.  The  contrast 
of  the  black  woodwork  and  the  white 
ceiling  also  elevates  the  room  and,  finally. 
the  means  of  illumination  by  reflex  light- 
ing increases  the  apparent  height.  Lights 
in  standards  placed  about  the  floor  and 
concealed  behind  the  cornice  of  the 
wainscot  cast  their  rays  upon  the  white 
ceiling  which  diffuses  an  even  illumina- 
tion about  the  room. 

Mr.  George  T.  Mortimer,  chairman  of 
the  Building  Committee,  and  Mr.  Henry 


THE    LAWYERS'    CLUB. 


THE   LAWVeilS'    CLLH 
Fuller  Co. 

stilnKB:    The  Tobev  Furnltut 

_ __ _  .  H.    McLaury  Marble  Co. 

oiono  Flowpr  Hoxea:  The  Krklns  Studios, 
I^we  BrothcrH   Co,   Seiilcoic  and  Mellotone  Colorn 
Star  IIxpsnHlon  Bolts  L'acd, 
Kalameined  Doors:   The  Kulameln   Co. 
Ornampntal  Plaster:  P,  J,  Durcait,  Inc. 
Vacuum  Cleaning:    Vacuum  Cleaner  Construction 


422 


ARCHITECTURE    ASD    BUILDING. 


J.  Davison,  who  had  charge  of  the  work. 
deserve  great  credit,  with  Mr.  Francis 
H.  Kimball,  who  was  the  architect. 

The  Tobey  Furniture  Company  had 
the  contract  for  the  furniture,  draperies, 
painting  and  decorations,  under  the  di- 
rection of  Mr.  Stewart  F.  Douglas, 
while  the  George  A.  Fuller  Company  did 
the  structural  work.  J.  Gordon  Guthrie 
designed  the  stained  window,  which  was 
constructed  by  The  Kiniberly  Company. 

The  walls  are  primed  with  Sealcote 
and  finished  with  Mellotone,  colors  in  oil 
made    by    the    Lowe    Brothers'   Com- 


pany. P.  J.  Durcan.  Inc.,  did  the  or- 
namental plastering.  The  D.  H.  Mc- 
Laury  Marble  Company  did  the  interior 
marble  work,  the  handsome  marble 
fountain  and  the  genuine  Caen  stone 
mantelpiece  in  the  lounge.  The  stone 
flower  boxes  in  the  hall  came  from  the 
Erkins  Studios.  C.  O,  Mailloux  and  C. 
E,  Knox  were  the  consulting  electrical 
engineers,  and  the  James  H.  Roberts 
Elevator  Company  put  in  the  automatic 
dumbwaiters.  The  silver  service  of  the 
club  was  supplied  by  the  Gorham  Com- 
pany. 


THE   LAWYERS'   CLUB.     THE   EMBLEMATIC   1 


THE   CROISIC   BUILDING. 


T.  Randoli>t 

:   Metropolian  Bleelric   Mfe.  i 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


1  Mulllon  Wlndo 
Interior  Marble:    D,  H.  Mcl-iiui'y  Marble  C 
mentHl  riimtiT;    McNulty  Bros,   Inc. 
a-Cottu;    New  York  Architectural   Tei 


DETAIL.    OF    UPl'BK    STORIES. 

Froderlek   C.    Browne.   Archile 
Kandolph   H.   Amlroty,  Assoc. 


HOTEL  SAMUELS. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


ST.  BARNABAS'  CHURCH. 


ST.  UAKNABAS'  CHUHCH, 
HeallnK  and  Ventllallng:  Geo.  B,  Rlnkenberger  I 
Stations  of  The  Cross:    Daprato  Statuary  Co. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDISG 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Otis  Elevators 

have  been  chosen  for  the  L.  C.  Smith  Building, 
Seattle,  Wash. — the  tallest  office  building  in  the 
World  outside  of  New  York  Citj^. 


The  main  equipment  consists  of  eight  Otis  High  -  Speed  Electric 
Traction  Elevators  similar  to  the  Elevators  in  the  Metropolitan, 
Singer,  and  W^oolworth  Building  towers,  New  York. 


lA  few  other'  represenutive 
office  buildings  equipped  with 
Otis  Traction  Elevators: 


I.  M,  Vbt,  Nuys  Buildina,  U«  Angelei 
Railway  BichRnge  Buildine.  St.  Louis 

EiUteof  H.  W.  Oliver.  Kltsbureh,  Pe 
Syndicate  Trust  Company,  St  Louis,  . 
Humlnldl  Bank,  San  Francisic,  CaL 


Otis  Traction  Elevators  combine 
Safety,  Extreme  Simplicity  and 
Maximum  Economy*. 

On  the  basis  of  over  fifty-five  years' 
experience  in  elevator  construction 
and  unequalled  service,  we  invite 
your  inquiries. 


Otis  Elevator  Company 

Otu  Elerator  BuiMing 
Eleventh  Ave.  and  Twenty-Sixth  St. 

New  York 


Advertlflementa. — When  writing  Advertisers,   plen 


18 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


WOOD  AND  FOREST,  by  William  Noyes. 
M.  A.  The  Manual  Arts  Press,  Peoria,  111. 
Cloth.     Price,  $3,  postpaid. 

Those  of  us  who  have  visited  the  American 
Museum  of  Natural  History,  and  are  in  any 
way  familiar  with  the  Jessup  collection  of 
American  woods,  may  bring  the  enjoyments 
of  this  collection  into  our  homes  in  book  form 
by  means  of  this  new  book,  "Wood  and  For- 
est." A  typical  description  covering  two  pages, 
shows  a  habitat  map,  the  leaf,  and  life-sized 
illustrations  of  the  radial  and  tangential  sec- 
tions of  the  wood,  together  with,  in  many 
cases,  a  microscopic  cross-section.  To  the  bot- 
anist the  book  will  be  a  great  pleasure.  To 
the  woodworker  it  will  be  a  source  of  much 
valuable  information.  To  the  architect  it  fur- 
nishes a  source  of  information  as  to  the  grains 
and  finishes  of  wood  which  may  be  employed 
successfully  for  beautifying  interiors. 

The  book  divides  itself  naturally  into  two 
portions;  that  dealing  with  the  structure  and 
properties  of  wood  and  the  principal  North 
American  species,  and  that  which  deals  with 
the  distribution  and  composition  of  the  North 
American  forests.  This  portion  contains  the 
most  beautiful  illustrations  that  it  has  been 
the  writer's  pleasure  to  view  in  many  days, 
and  throughout  it  may  be  said  of  the  work 
that  it  may  be  classed  as  one  of  the  most  ex- 
cellent examples  of  half-tone  process  work, 
both  in  the  quality  of  the  engravings  and  in 
the  excellence  of  the  printing. 


CONCRETE  BRIDGES,   CULVERTS  AND 
SEWERS,  by  A.  A.  Houghton.    The  Nor- 
man   W.    Henley    Publishing    Co.,     New 
York.     Paper.     Price,  50  cents. 
This  is  a  treatise  illustrating  and  giving  an 
explanation  of  various  types  of  solid  and  re- 
inforced concrete  arched,  slab  and  girder  con- 
crete bridges.     Information  is  also  given  con- 
cerning   the    moulding    of    concrete    culverts, 
drains   and   sewers.     The   diagrams   are   clear 
and  are  explained  in  the  text.     The  book  is 
a  useful  one  for  masons  and  contractors   lo- 
cated  in   suburban   and   country   towns. 

HINTS   FOR   PAINTERS,    DECORATORS 
AND  PAPERHANGERS.  by  C.  Godfrey. 
The     Industrial     Book     Company,     New 
York.     Cloth.     Price   50  cents. 
This   little   book   of  practical   instruction    is 
intended  for  the  use  of  the  artisan  or  trades- 
man.    The  young  painter  should  derive  great 
benefit  and  advancement  from  a  careful  study 
of   the   book,    as    its    hints,    rules   and    recipes 
are  reliable  and  practical  and  of  the  kind  for 
which   he  has   call   every   day.     The  arrange- 
ment is  logical  and  progressive,  treating  the 


decorative  work  in  the  order  in  which  it 
would  be  done  and  elaborating  on  the  various 
methods  as  the  work  progresses.  Various 
decorative  schemes  are  presented  in  the  illus- 
trations as  suggestions  for  various  portions  of 
a  house  or  building. 


CONSTRUCTING  CONCRETE  PORCHES, 
by   A.   A.    Houghton.     The    Norman    \V. 
Henley  Publishing  Co.,  New  York.  Paper. 
Price,  50  cents. 
This    book    gives    practical    instruction     for 
casting  monolithic   concrete  porches   and    ap- 
proaches,   and   also    for    building   such    struc- 
tures  of   concrete   blocks,   or   reinforced    con- 
crete   and   with    various    finishing    ornaments. 
The    instruction    is    such    that    a    home-made 
product  of  good  construction  and  appearance 
is  possible. 


MODERN  HOSPITALS,  by  Edward  F.  Ste- 
vens, Edward  Pearce  Casey,  Clarence  \V. 
Williams,  D.  D.  Kimball,  E.  H.  Bostock 
and  M.  E.  McCalmont  and  others.  The 
American  Architect,  New  York,  9x12 
inches,  fifty  pages  plus  eighty-four  plates. 

Cloth.     Price   $5.00  neL 

The  text  contains  several  general  articles, 
one  dealing  with  the  details  and  equipment 
of  hospitals  taking  up  the  minor  features  of 
the  equipment  and  planning.  There  are  two 
articles  on  heating  and  ventilation,  two  on 
hospital  lighting  and  several  articles  on  spe- 
cial hospitals  wherein  particular  diseases  are 
treated  and  in  which  the  plan  has  been  in- 
fluenced to  some  extent  by  the  treatment. 
Si'ch  hospitals  are  those  for  the  treatment  of 
contagious  diseases,  those  for  permanent  in- 
valids and  tubercular  patients.  The  illustra- 
tive plates  which  are  printed  on  one  side  of 
the  page,  on  a  heavy  coated  paper,  contain  a 
great  many  photographic  illustrations,  but  are 
particularly  interesting  because  of  the  prepon- 
derance of  the  plans.  The  plans  shoiv  many 
buildings  which  have  never  before  been  pub- 
lished and  also  a  number  which  have  been 
gleaned  from  the  pages  of  the  American  Arch- 
itect. 


ELEVATOR  SHAFT  CONSTRUCTION,  by 
H.    Robert    Cullmer,    assisted    by    Albert 
Bauer.     Practical  Suggestions  for  the  In- 
stallation of  Elevators  in  Buildings.     New 
York:    The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co.     Price. 
$3.00. 
This  book,  which  is  a  valuable  little  treatise 
for  the  architect  and  builder  and  for  all  who 
are  interested  in  this  subject,  indludes  a  great 
deal   of   practical    information   condensed    and 
arranged    in    most    convenient    form.       Every 
phase  of  the  elevator-shaft  problem  in    build- 
ing   construction    has    been    covered    and    the 
method    of    presentation    is    such    that     ready 
(Continued  on  page  21.) 


Advertisements. — When  wrtting  /cvertlpers.  please  mention  Architecture  and  Bullding^. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


AilvErllsements.— Wher,  writing:  Ailvertlsers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  BulldlnK. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Art  and  Architecture 


College,  Columbia  University,  on  Tuesd,;-'. 
October  1.  1912. 

In  his  opening  remarks  the  president  ilii- 
played  a  unique  chart  showing  that  the  society 
had  quadrupled  in  the  past  year. 

A  highly  constructive  program  was  adopted 
for  the  coming  year,  which  included  the  es- 
tablishment of  a  mutual  benefit  section,  in- 
vclving  a  form  of  insurance. 

The  officers  elected  for  1913  were  Professor 
Charles  William  Weick,  of  Columbia  Univer- 
sity, president;  William  B.  Harsel,  1st  vice 
president;  Charles  A.  Clark  (Crocker-Wheeler 
Co.),  2d  vice  president:  C.  B.  J.  McManus, 
3<'  vice  president;  L.  T.  Maenner  (Missouri 
Pacific  R.  R.).  4th  vice  president,  and  E.  F. 
Chandler,  Henry  L.  Sloan  and  C.  W.  Fleming 
tc   the   Board  of  Governors. 


C.    J.     HENDERSON. 

One  of  the  brainiest  and  most  aggressive 
(rent-brick  men  in  New  York  City  represents 
the  Harbison  Walker  Refractories  Company. 
ot  Pittsburg.  Through  his  efforts  he  has  es- 
tablished an  enviable  reputation  for  his  house. 
and  the  high-grade  product  of  his  company 
can  be  seen  in  nearly  all  of  the  prominent 
buildings  erected  in  the  past  six  ye^rs  in 
Greater  New  York. 


NATIONAL  ACADEMY  OF  DESIGN, 
WINTER  EXHIBITION. 
The  .\cademy  Exhibition  will  be  held,  open- 
ing December  14,  1912,  and  closing  January  12, 
1913.  Full  particulars  of  the  rules  for  exhibi- 
tors may  be  obtained  by  addressing  the  Acad- 
emy at  the  American  Fine  Arts  Society  Build- 
ing, 215  W.  57th  Street.  New  York.  Exhibits 
will  be  received  only  on  November  25th 
and  26th.  The  hours  for  the  reception  and  de- 
livery of  pictures  are  from  9  a.  m.  to  5  p.  m. 


The  Pittsburg  Chapter  of  the  .Ar 
Institute  of  Architects,  at  a  recent  meetin- 
in  the  Fort  Pitt  Hotel,  decided  on  a  plan 
which  should  prove  of  great  aid  to  their  em- 
ployees. The  plan  is  one  lookinft  towards  an 
arrangement  with  local  architects  to  grant 
draughtsmen  in  their  employ  leaves  of  absence 
that  they  might  study  in  ihe  department  of 
architecture  in  the  Carnegie  Technical  Schools 
of  that  city.  This  is  the  first  chapter  in  the 
country  to  begin  such  a  movement,  but  it  is 
believed  that  others  will  follow.  President 
R.  M.  Trimble  presided  at  the  gathering. 


UNITED   STATES   CIVIL   SERVICE    EX- 
AMINATION. 

The  United  States  Civil  Service  Commis- 
sion announces  an  open  competitive  exam- 
ination for  mechanical  draftsman  for  men  only. 
Fiom  the  register  of  eligihles  resulting  from 
this  examination  certification  will  be  made  to 
fill  a  vacancy  in  the  position  of  copyist  drafts- 
man, at  $9(K)  per  annum,  in  the  Engineer  De- 
partment at  Large,  Milwaukee,  Wis,,  and  va- 
cancies as  they  may  occur  requiring  similar 
qualifications,  unless  it  is  found  to  be  in  the 
interest  of  the  service  to  fill  any  vacancy  by 
reinstatement,   transfer  or  promotion. 

This  examination  will  take  place  on  No- 
vember II,  1912.  Full  particulars  may  be  ob- 
tained by  addressing  the  Commission  at  Wash- 
ington. D.  C. 

On  November  20th  and  2Ut.  there  will  be 
another  examination  for  heating  and  ventilat- 
ing Draughtsmen.  Particulars  of  this  may 
also  be  obtained  from  the  same  source. 


Do 


1  who   put   the   bui 


He 


:    the 


,.- bungalow 

The  Evening  Mail. 


The    annual   meeting   of   American    Society 
of  Engineer  Draftsmen,  was  held  in  Teachers' 


A I  Pratt  Ii 
in  progress  i 
color  painting 
hibition  is  opi 
of   October. 


titute,  Brooklyn,  there  is  now 
I  exhibition  of  oil  and  water 
by  Henry  B.  Snell.  This  ex- 
day  and  evening  until  the  26th 


HOWARD  M.INGHAM 

Industrial  Engineer 


Simple,  Direct,  Effective  Methods 

Office  Management 
i6o  FIFTH  AVE.,  NEWYORK 


p.— When  wrltlnK  .4dvertlj€ 


and   Bulldlni:. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


SEPTEMBER  CORRECTION. 
In  our  September  issue  on  pages  376  and 
37/  illustrations  were  given  of  the  Wilson 
Building.  This  is  a  well  fireproofed  modern 
Structure  and  its  interior  finish,  Dahlstrom 
metal  doors  and  trim,  made  by  the  Dahlstrom 
Metallic  Door  Company,  Jamestown.  N.  Y., 
were  used.  Fireproof  doors  of  the  kalamein 
type  were  installed  in  certain  portions  by  thj 
Leonard  Sheet  Metal  Works,  whose  main  f- 
fice  and  works  are  at  the  head  of  Ferry  Slrect, 
Ktboken,  N.  J.,  and  the  fireproof  windows 
were  installed  by  S.  H.  Pomeroy  &  Co.,  Inc., 
427  West  13th  Street.  New  York  City. 


Roor 


Firs 


.    S.    Rub 
.   Palm 


aing 

Used     Throug'hout     Bulldlns. 

A    CORRECTION. 

An  error  occurred  in  our  descriptive  article 
of  the  U.  S.  Rubber  Building,  published  in 
September  issue.  On  page  373  we  said,  "Fresco 
White  Paint  Used,"  when  we  should  have 
printed,  "White  'Memphi  Fresco  Paint'  used 
throughout  building." 

We  regret  error  and  take  pleasure  in  cor- 
recting it.  Memphi  Fresco  Paint  is  manu- 
factured in  Memphis  by  the  De  Soto  Paint 
Mfg.  Co,  Neven  Sparks  Lamb,  of  149-151 
Church  Street,  New  York  City,  is  the  eastern 


Book  Reviews 

(Continued  from  page  18) 


reference  is  possible  to  any  detail  of  the  sub- 
ject. As  Mr.  Reginald  P.  Rolton  says  in  his 
introductory  note,  the  book  contributes  toward 
tht  safety  of  elevator  apparatus  by  affording 
necessary  information  as  to  the  proper  pro- 
portions and  spaces  surrounding  the  installa- 
tion of  the  car  in  its  hoistway,  thus  pro- 
moting the  safety  as  well  as  the  convenience 
of  the  general  public.  The  treatment  of  the 
subject  is  divided  into  five  parts:  Elevator 
shafts,  specifications  for  elevator  work,  door- 
opening  devices  and  elevator  car  gates,  ele- 
vator signal  systems  and  special  appliances, 
and  rules  and  regulations  governing  elevator 
installation  in  New  York  City.  Each  of  these 
subjects  is  carefully  treated  and  the  discussion 
is  enriched  and  made  very  clear  by  63  plates, 
showing  fully  all  the  details  of  elevator-shaft 
construction.  .K%  elevator-shaft  construction 
in  buildings  has  never  been  treated  in  detail 
in  the  technical  manner  used  in  this  book, 
the  work  supplies  a  real  demand  for  informa- 
tion on  this  subject.  New  York  practice  is 
followed  and  the  building  department  laws  and 
regulations  of  New  York  have  been  made  the 
Standard.  The  author  has  also  covered  the 
subject  of  specification  writing  for  elevator 
equipment  by  using  two  forms:  One,  a  sim- 
ple specification  for  a  single  elevator;  the 
other  a  more  elaborate  equipment,  embracing 
several  styles  of  cars  suitable  for  an  office 
building.  This  book  should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  architect  as  well  as  in  the  working 
library  of  every  one  at  all  interested  in  this 
important  phase  of  building  construction. 

OBITUARY. 
Mr.  William  Horace  Corbin,  Vice  President 
of  the  Joseph   Dixon   Crucible  Company,   died 
on  Wednesday,  September  25,  1912. 


Thomas  Bruce  Boyd 

Bank  Equipment  Specialist 


286   Fifth   Avenue 

New  York 

Telephone  Madison  Square  » 


FREDERICK  S.  HOLMES 

Bank  Vault  Engineer 

2  Rector  Street,  New  Ymk 


Advertisements 


-When  wrltliiK  Advertlsera    plea 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Fireproofing  and   Fire-Protection 


MR.  G.  H.  STEWART 


THE    SUBWAY    CONSTRUCTION    FIRE 
MENACE. 

Fire  Commissioner  Johnson  has  issued  an 
order,  addressed  to  each  of  the  contractors 
for  the  new  Broadway- Lexington  Avenue  sub- 
way, New  York,  requiring  that  in  every  case 
where  vault  walls  or  the  walls  of  buildings 
adjacent  to  the  subway  are  pierced,  a  fireproof 
wall  entirely  cutting  off  the  building  from 
the  street  or  adjoining  property,  shall  be  con- 
structed. 

Plans  and  specifications  for  the  proposed 
changes  in  walls  and  the  proposed  fireproof 
partitions  are  required  to  be  filed  with  the 
Bureau  of  Fire  Prevention  for  approval  prior 
to  the  beginning  of  the  work.  The  approval 
of  the  Fire  Commissioner  will  be  conditioned 
upon  the  conformity  of  the  plans  to  the  speci- 
fications required  by  the  Bureau  of  Fire  Pre- 
vention, which  are  substantially  those  imposed 
by  the  New  York  Fire  Insurance  Exchange  in 
its  recent  circulars.  No  work  can  be  legally 
carried  on  by  contractors  until  these  require- 
ments have  been  complied  with. 

The  effect  of  the  order  is  to  compel  subway 
contractors  to  construct  at  their  own  expense 
the  fireproof  partitions  which  property  own- 
ers have  hitherto  been  required  to  provide  in 
part  at  their  own  cost  as  an  alternative  to 
largely  increased  insurance  rates  during  the 
process  of  subway  construction. 

This  order  is  the  occasion  i 
between  the  New  York  Fire  Ins 
change  and  the  Public  Service  Commission 
nad  as  if  to  cloud  the  issue,  they  have  raised 
the  question  of  the  legality  of  the  Exchange 
a-;  an  institution  to  pass  upon  such  matters. 
Mr.  Willis  O.  Robb,  in  an  interview,  which 
appeared  in  the   New  York  Times,  said: 


"The  Public  Service  Commission  complained 
to  the  Mayor  of  the  illegality  of  the  Commis- 
sioner's order,  and  to  you  of  the  illegality  of 
the  very  existence  of  this  Exchange,  at  whose 
door  it  laid  the  blame  really  due  to  its  own 
complete  and  astonishing  failure  even  to  think 
O'"  the  fire  hazard  involved  in  connecting  up 
a  mile  or  two  of  buildings  on  each  side  of 
the  congested  value  section  of  Broadway  by 
subway  and  sidewalk  vault  openings  without 
any  kind  of  fire  stop  whatever.  The  fact 
in  this  as  in  many  a  similar  case  has  been 
that  the  underwriters  have  better  safeguarded 
the  public  interest  involved  than  has  the  pub- 
lic body  directly  charged  with  that  duty. 

"So  much  for  the  facts  of  the  particular 
transaction.  As  to  (he  proposed  hearing  on 
the  general  question  of  the  ri-ht  of  this  Ex- 
change to  exist — a  wholly  irrelevant  question 
clearly  raised  to  distract  attention  from  the 
shortcomings  of  the  complainant  body — w-; 
are  quite  content  that  you  should  order  and 
hold  such  a  hearing  whenever  your  official 
duty  seems  to  you  to  require  it.  This  Ex- 
change operales  under  the  close  supervision  ..f 
the  Insurance  Department  of  the  State,  '.n 
accordance  with  a  statute  to  that  effect  passed 
upon  the  recommendation  of  a  legislative  in- 
vestigating committee  that  after  a  full  inquirr 
had  unanimously  reported  it  to  be  for  the 
public  interest  that  such  organizations,  if 
pioper  supervision  and  publicity  are  main- 
tained, should  not  only  be  allowed,  but  encour- 
aged." 

SMOKING  PERMITS. 

On  the  advice  of  the  attorney  general   the 

New  York  State   Fire  Marshal.   Mr.  Ahearn. 

has   recently  given  permits   to  two   large   cor- 

(Continued  on  page  26.) 


FIRE  PROTECTION 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  Prices  on 

FIRE  APPLIANCES 


THE  SAFETY  FIRE    EXTINGUISHER  CO. 


—When  wrlt1n,c  AdverllHera,  please  mention  Architect 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


An  Absolutely  Safe  Investment 
Paying  43  Percent. 

The  Showers  Bros.  Co.,  furniture  manufacturers,  put 
in  an  equipment  of 


To  quote  from  their  letter  after  the  sprinklers  were  in — 

"We  feared  hindrance  to  the  operation  of  our  plant  caused  by 
installation  of  the  sprinkler  s\'slcm.  Our  fears  were  unfounded. 
We  were  also  not  certain  about  reduction  in  insurance  rates;  but 
our  saving  in  premiums  alone  pays  for  the  entire  system  in 
twenty-eight  months, 

"Above  all  other  considerations,  however,  remains  the  fact  that 
the  horrible  nightmare  of  complete  destruction  by  fire  has  been 
removed,  which  always  carries  with  it  the  loss  of  established 
business,  the  disrujition  of  factory  organization,  and  other  things 
which  have  taken  years  to  build." 


The  return  in  this  case  pays  for  the  system  in 
twenty-eight  months.  This  is  a  dioidenj  of  43 
percent,  which  will  be  perpmtnal.  The  installa- 
tion was  made  without  disturbing  their  business. 
Perhaps  we  can  do  the  same  for  you.  We  liave 
for  thousands  of  others.  It  will  cost  you  nothing 
to  find  out.    Write  us  to-day. 

Our  little  book.  Aulomaiic  PIRE  ProiMdon, 
•bow*  how  all  ihli  la  made  poulble.     Send 


General  Fire  Extinguisher  Company 

Providence,  R.  I.,  and  Principal  Cities 

Siram  an.l  llol  Ifaler  Healing  and  Po-wer 
Piping    Syitemi    Lai,/    Out   and    Installed 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 

ROCKWOOD 

SAFETY  LOOP 

SPRIHKLER 


PARTS   OF    THE    SOUtOKD 

stuut  irRiNQ  apaiit  miLr 

APTBR  THC  LUMP  OF  SOLB- 
Ell  It  MELTED  AWAY  FWM 
THE  LOOP. 


THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  UNIQUE  IN  THAT  THE  TWO  PARTS 
OF  THE  SOLDERED  LINK  ARE  HELD  TOGETHER,  NOT  MERELY  BY  A 
SWEATED  SOLDERED  JOINT,  BUT  BY  COVERING  THE  END  OF  THE 
LEVER  WITH  A  SMALL  PIECE  OF  SOLDER  WHICH  IS  MECHANICALLY 
BOUND  TO  THE  STRUT  BY  A  LOOP  OF  WIRE  RIVETED  THROUGH  ONE 
PART  OF  THE  LINK. 

THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  THE  ONLY  APPROVED  HEAD  THAT 
IS  INCAPABLE  OF  OPENING  ITSELF  BY  THE  BREAKING  OF  THE  SOLDERED 
JOINT,  WHICH  MUST  ABSOLUTELY  MELT  TO  OPEN.  IT  IS  THUS  IN  A 
CLASS   BY  ITSELF,  SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS. 


ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  CO. 

OF  MASSACHUSETTS 

MANUFACTURERS,  ENGINEERS   AND    CONTRACTORS  FOR  COM- 
PLFTE  SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENTS  USING  WET  OR  DRY  SYSTEMS. 

38  HARLOW  STREET  WORCESTER,  MASS. 


NEW   YOflK                                   US  WILLIAM  STREET              CHICAOO  KM  SOUTH  MOROAN  STREET 

BOSTON             -           -           -             Ul  MILK  STREET              SEATTLE     -  -           -       SOt  COLUMBIA  STREET 

BUFFALO     -                     3M  PRUDENTIAL  BUILDINQ              MONTREAL  •           -      141  ST.  MAURICE  STREET 

Aiivertlaements, — When   writing  Advertleera,  pleas?  mention  Archilccfure  and  BulldiiiB. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Leonard  Sheet  Metal  Works 

MaoufacturMS  of 

Bronze,  Copper  and  Iron  dad   Kalamein  Work 
Roofing  and  Sheet  Metal  Work  in  all  Its  Branches 


Head  ol  Ferry  Street 


d  Works 

HOBOKEN,  N.  J. 


Office  and  Factmy  of  Lmunl  Sheet  MeUl  Works 


KALAMEIN 

WORK  IN 

COPPER 

BRONZE 

AND  IRON 

Knoburn 
Company 

KALAMEIN 
DOORS 

FIRE 

UNDERWRITER 

WORK 

A  SPECIALTY 

Office  and  Factory 

365  14th  St. 
HOBOKEN,  N.  J. 

ARCHITECTURE  ASD  BUILDING 


Fire  Protection 


"Stmmoiu" 
Siuoeae 
CoDiieclioDi 


Fire     DepuftiKnt 
cdioiiDU.       Hiihlr 


Fullr  75«  of  hwy  la 


Anjle  HoH  VaUea 

Thii  ii  mctiully  iIk  kcTiUK  iJ 
HJcty  OD  m  nv^c^pK  WT^BTk,  ytt  how 
link  iHsilioa  ii  paid  >a  it>  imUllun. 
EJimiulc  ihe  thmait   ol  iliucc  W 


an^  o(A/r  rfa/ji  gladly  ii 


John  Simmons  Co. 


102-110  Centre  St., 


lenta,— When  wiltliiB  A(lve[ 


porations  In  permit  smoking  in  their  factor- 
ies. Holh  lit  these  companies  have  provided 
special  smoking  rooms  for  their  employes  iii 
order  to  keep  them  off  the  streets  diirin  j 
the  noon  hour.   Their  factories  are  of  tirepriK'! 

This  permission  lo  allow  smoking  o^i  f  <■ 
premises,  to  our  minds,  increases  the  irt 
hazard,  iiccording  lo  the  nature  of  the  con- 
tents of  the  building.  If  these  are  of  Jnflani- 
mahle  nature,  the  risk  is  increased  through 
these  smoking  permits,  otherwise  the  oppor- 
tunity  for  a   fire   is  not   so  great. 

In  the  September  Indicator  pub!' shed  by 
the  Otis  Elevator  Company  there  is  in  in- 
teresting article  pertaining  to  ihe  electrical 
control  of  hydraulic  elevators.  This  is  illus- 
trated with  diagrams,  which,  together  with 
the  text,  clearly  explain   the  operati  m   of   ibis 


AMERICAN    FIRE    LOSS. 

The  direct  fire  loss  of  the  United  States  dur- 
iuK  the  four  years,  1908-11  inclusive,  is  es- 
(imated  by  the  New  York  Journal  of  Com- 
merce at  $911,000,000.  There  occurred  during 
this  period  no  conflagration  of  any  consider- 
able extent,  the  largest  being  a  matter  of  not 
more  than  five  or  six  million  dollars.  In  other 
words,  these  were  average  years  without  any- 
thing to  raise  the  figures  above  the  normal 
amount,  and  yet  the  figures  for  these  four 
years  represent  a  total  annihilation  of  prop- 
erty of  enough  value  to  pay  practically  the 
crtirc  national  debt  of  the  United  Stales.  If 
wi'  add  to  these  figures  the  cost  of  public 
and  private  fire  protection  and  fire  lighting. 
Ihe  total  will  be  almost  double  that  given. 

The  net  earnings  of  all  railroads  in  the 
United  Slates  is  about  $550,000,000  a  year. 
This  is  not  much  more  Ihan  halt  Ihe  net 
fire  loss  mentioned  and  is  less  than  half  the 
total  tax  levied  (and  collected)  by  the  tire 
fiend.  The  fire  loss  tor  one  year,  if  it  could 
br  saved,  would  pay  the  enormous  amount 
spent  by  the  United  Slates  for  pen.'iions.  and 
tht  interest  on  the  United  States  national  dehl. 
and  still  leave  a  surplus  of  almost  one  dollar 
pec  head  for  every  man.  woman  and  child 
in  the  United  States. 

IMPROVEMENTS     IN     SHINGLE     CON- 
STRUCTION. 

To  meet  the  demand  for  good  ornamental 
roofing,  which  will  provide  an  excellent,  serv- 
iceable roof  covering,  for  residences,  bunga- 
lows, churches,  schools,  garages,  etc..  The  Ber- 
gcr  Manufacturing  Company,  ot  Canton,  has 
(Continued  on  page  28.) 
T-8,  pleaso  mention  Architecture  and  BulldlnK- 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


The  Annual  Fir«  Waate  In  th«  U.  S.  exceeds  $230,000,0*0.    It  ia  estimated  that 
79%  of  this  loM  is  preventable  and  can  be  saved  by  the  use  of 

AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  PROTECTION 

Our  business  is  the  installation  of  Automatic  Sprinkler  protection;  a  complete 
fire  fighting  apparatus,  operating  automatically  and  only  where  the  fire  is  located. 

"AUTOMATIC"  SPRINKLER  CO.  OF  AMERICA 

Executive  Offices 
123  WILLIAM  STREET  (Underwriter  Bldg.)>  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Department  Offices,  In  Large  Cities 


American  Renaissance 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


recently  placed  upon  the  market  two  new  and 
distinctive  designs  of  metal  shingles. 

These  new  design  metal  shingles,  the  "Chief- 
lain"  and  "Swanee"  are  both  durable  and  cco- 
npinical.  The  "Swanee"  is  a  plain  design  and 
the  "Chieftain"  is  a  bold  clay  tile  pattern  and 
when  painted  gives  a  clay  tile  eflect. 

The  constructions  are  simple,  permitting 
ease  of  laying,  yet  eliminating  all  possibilities 
o'  leaks. 

The  three-point  contact  side  lock  cannot  pos- 
sibly become  unhooked  after  the  shingles  are 
nailed   in   position. 

Expansion  and  contraction  are  fully  pro- 
vided for.  The  nails,  two  to  each  shingle,  are 
covered   by  the   next  shingle  placed   in    posi- 

A  very  important  feature  is  the  fact  thai 
heavy  ribs  are  formed  at  the  top  of  each  shin- 
gle to  prevent  rain  or  snow  from  entering. 

The  materials  in  which  these  can  be  fur- 
nished are  Galvanized  Toncan  Metal,  Galvan- 
ized Open  Hearth  Steel  or  Terne  Plate  of  any 
standard  weight. 


THE  GRINNELL  AUTOMATIC  SPRINK- 
LER BULLETIN. 
In  this  quarterly,  published  by  the  General 
Fire  Extinguisher  Co.,  are  listed  all  fires  re- 
ported as  having  occurred  under  Grinnell  Au- 
tomatic Sprinklers.  The  October  number 
I  total  of   15,654  fires,  of  which   fairly 


complete  details 

It  is   of  interest   to 

7,769   fires   were   put 

promptly    and    with 

pioperty  that  no  da 

was  made  upon  the  i 

represents  more  than  62  per  cent,  of  the  total 

number    of    fires    of    which    particulars    were 

known.    This  means  that  five  fires  out  of  eight 


obtained  in  12.493  c 
te  that  of  this  number 
lit  by  the  sprinkler  so 
Lich  slight  damage  to 
whatever  for  damages 
companie  ' 


A  THEATRE  BUILT  FOR  A  FIRE  TEST. 

A  unique  test  to  ascertain  the  fireproof ness 
of  theatres  is  about  to  be  made  under  the 
joint  auspices  of  the  German  ''Steel  Trust" 
and   (he   National   Association   of   Master  Car- 

They  intend  to  construct  a  model  theatre 
in  Berlin  as  big  as  a  good-sized  residence  out 
o.'  steel,  iron,  cement,  and  wood,  with  iron 
safety  curtains,  emergency  exits,  and  a  special 
set  of  ventilation  slats  built  with  a  view  to 
diverting  the  flames  in  certain  directions  in 
CLvse  of  fire. 

The  building  will,  shortly  after  its  comple- 
tion, be  ignited,  and  the  progress  of  the  fire 
in  its  various  stages  will  be  observed  by  a 
commission  of  experts  representing  builders, 
fire  departments,  architects,  and  insurance 
companies. 

(Continued   on  pa?e   30.) 
please  m^ntlnn  Architecture  and  Bulldins. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Thomas  Morton, 

169  Elm  Street,  New  York.     H  | 

fli 

Copper  Cable  "^      — **  ■ 

"I 

mpk 

Steel  Champion 


ch?mpi.n  M.t.1  I  SASH  CHAINS. 


PIIAiyQ  -fC  ^^^!^**.IL*¥?.?!!!!?<  ^''''>  B*^ 


I  ALL  of  SlIPEmOB  Qii*Lin. 


Mercantile  Building 


Hudson,  Clarkson  &  Leroy 
Streets 

NEW  YORK 


ArcbhecU 
Renwick,  AspinwiJI  &  Todnr 


Charles  H.  Peckworth,  Builder 

631  Hudson  Street,  New  York 

Advertisements. — When  writing  AdvertlHer^,  please  mention  Architi'cturo  and  liutldlng. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Kvcry  conceivable  sort  of  llieatre  fire  etncr- 
Hcncy  will  be  provided  for,  and  ihe  experts 
hope  to  arrive  at  hitherto  unimaRined  meth- 
ods of  preventing  a  playhouse  holocaust. 

Particular  stress  will  be  laid  on  the  cffcrl 
on  fires  of  different  temperatures  within  the 
theatre  in  both  Ihe  auditorium  section  and  on 
the  stage.  —New  York  Times. 


I    Put  a 


D  Loss    I 


BERGER'S  METAL  LUMBER 

KDlwes  Trood  Btlck  for  allrk  und  ftn  bs  •rwted  b; 
Uoor'^CMUtlotlo  four  ttte? 

""''  The  Berger  Mfg.  Co. 

Caaton,  Ohio 
Par  Iba  fe«(  itrvlet  sMrett  atmntt  braacit 


I     9!3a;7idir 


rers  of  Proi.!  t^k  Stnds 
F^rn-Ltlblc  and  Mnltlplei 

s,  Raydlul  SldewiJk  UiliI 


The  Emery  Thompson 
Vertical  Brine  Freezer 


Produces  smoothest, 
firmest  quality  Ameri- 
can and  French  creams. 

Simplest  yet  most 
substantial  brine  frecz- 


£fc| 


THE   FIRE    EXPOSITION    POSTPONED. 

In  a  prominent  place  in  this  column  la^' 
incnth  appeared  a  notice  concerning  the  New 
Vcrk  Fire  Exposition,  and  in  another  portion 
of  the  paper  appeared  an  announcement  tell- 
ing of  the  exposition  and  giving-  its  dale  as 
October  2d  to  12th.  This  exposilion  has  be-n 
postponed  to  some  date  in  December,  when 
we  sincerely  hope  it  may  be  successfully  piil'ed 
off. 

;\  fire  exposition  and  conference  held 
in  Madison  Square  Garden  would  be  a 
good  thing.  It  should  have  support.  No 
one  doubts  for  a  moment  why  the  exposition 
was  postponed.  To  be  successful  such  an  en- 
terprise needs  the  backing  of  the  business  firms 
who  would  derive  benefit  from  its  elTorts.  It 
is  expensive  to  hire  Madison  Square  Garden, 
and  surely  the  promoters  of  the  exposition 
must  receive  a  return  for  their  large  prepara- 
tory outlay  of  time  and  money.  We  hear  a 
Kreat  deal  nowadays  of  fire  prevention.  It  is 
quite  the  usual  thing  in  Che  newspapers  and 
the  public  is  getting  interested.  The  National 
Fire  Protection  Association  and  others  hold 
conventions  where  the  engineers  get  together 
with  much  scientific  discussion.  This  is  as  il 
should  be.  but  it  does  not  interest  the  small 
boy  or  the  layman,  and  yet  these  could  and 
should  be  interested.  .\  good  exhibition  in 
Madison  Square  Garden  which  was  well  sup- 
ported by  the  manufacturers  of  fire-preventive 
devices  and  fireproofing  materials  would  be  of 
great  educational  value,  and  no  manufacturer 
need  doubt  for  a  minute  that  the  money  would 
come   back. 


GORTON  WROUGHT  STEEL 

BOILERS  cat  down  repurtnilcosllH)!*. 


They  arc   wlf-fcediDt.  and  nj- 

coldfsl   wralhtT.       Thty  are  high 

I    gTad«  in  every  sense  of  the  wi:rd— 

none  belter— they  have  no  equal. 

Stnd  for  mtiilDa  and  invaliaaU 

tor  vniraelt  Aeir  tvptrvtrity. 

GortoD  &  Lidgtfwood  Co. 

9t  LIkwty  SMd,  NEW  TOU 
BosTOS.  182  Hl(h  Rt. 
CHicaqo,  Plibar  Bld«. 


-When  writins  Advt 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Dixon's  Silica-Graphite  Paint 

Protects  the  structural  steel  work  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildings;  American 
Woolen  Company's  Building;  Gimbel  Department  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
&  Trust  Company's  Building,  Savannah,  Ga  ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Con^ 
panv's  Buildine:,  San  Francisco,  Cal,,  and  numerous  other  structures. 
Write  Its  for  "  NetabU  'Baildiug  List,"  and  ofhtrpaint  literaturt 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jersey  aiy.  n.  j. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


No  packing  or  fiUing  substance  used.    Of  GLASS  and  METAL  ONLY.     ABSOLUTELY  and 
PERMANENTLY  PROOF  AGAINST  LEAKAGE. 
Characteristic  of  all  our  Installations 

National  Venlllating  Co.  Phons:  1422  M.d.  Sq.  339  E.  26th  St.,  N.  Y.  City 


Industrial  Progress 


This    eight-story    building 
place    the    old    Hotel    Shei 
burned    a  year    or   two    ago. 
corner  lot,  and  the  ( 


;  built  to 
.  which  was 
It  occupies  a 
i  of  brick  and 
structurally  fireproof 
frame  and  floor  system.  The  trim  throughout 
is  of  wood.  The  hotel  takes  its  place  among 
th(  well-appointed  hostelries  of  our  smaller 
cities  and  ranks  well.  It  is  as  safely  con- 
structed and  gives  as  good  accommodation 
to   its   guests  as  any   other   modern   structiiii; 

The  architects  of  the  building  were  Esen- 
wein  and  Johnson.  The  builder  was  William 
Henley.  The  plumbing,  healing  and  ventilat- 
ing of  the  hotel  was  done  by  Otis  &  Sons 
Engineering  Company.  The  boilers  were  put 
in  by  the  Harrisburg  Star  Boiler  Company. 
The  ornamental  iron  work  was  done  by  the 
Wells  Architectural  Iron  Company.  The 
building  is  equipped  with  Otis  Elevators,  and 
Atchison  curved  wing  doors,  made  by  the  At- 
chison Revolving  Door  Company,  are  used. 

The  lobby  which  is  shown  in  our  illustra- 
tion on  Page  426.  is  furnished  with  Spanish 
leather  covered  furniture  in  a  rich  brown  tone. 
This  leather  is  top-grain  and  tan-shrunk  and 
O'  special  quality.  The  chairs  and  rockers 
for  (he  250  rooms  of  the  hotel  have  solid  ma- 
hogany frames  and  arc  upholstered  in  a  soft, 
rich  green  fabric.  All  of  this  furniture  was 
supplied  by  the  Jamestown  Lounge  Company. 
THE  FURNITURE. 

For  hotel  lobbies,  there  is  nothing  hand- 
somer or  more  serviceable  than  fine,  leather- 
upholstered  furniture.  The  leather,  which  was 
used  for  upholsterinR  the  lobby   furniture  of 


the  Hotel  Samuels,  in  Jamestown,  N.  Y.,  is 
o:  special  quality  of  Spanish  leather  and  is  not 
on  the  market,  as  it  is  made  especially  for 
the  Jamestown  Lounge  Company.  It  is  tan- 
shrunk,  top-grain  leather  and  it  will  outweir 
any  other  brand  or  quality  of  leather  pr>- 
duced  for  furniture  work. 


The  Jamestown  Lounge  Company,  of  James- 
town, N.  Y.,  have  also  supplied  furnishings  fi-r 
the  Hotel  Utah,  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah;  Port. 
land  Hotel,  Portland,  Ore.;  Stailer  Hotel,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y.;  Hotel  Taft,  New  Haven,  Conn.: 
Hotel  Vail,  Pueblo,  Colo.;  Georgian  Court  H  >■ 
lel,  .Atlanta,  Ga,         

IRON  ORE. 

It  is  reported  by  the  Bureau  of  Statistics  of 
the  Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor  that 
the  iron  ore  shipments  from  Lake  Superior 
and  Lake  Michigan  ports  during  June,  1912. 
amounted  to  7,274,732  long  tons,  an  increase 
of  58  per  cent,  when  compared  with  the  ship- 
ments in  June,  1911.  Iron  ore  shipments  since 
the  beginning  of  the  year,  13,394,964  Ions 
tons,  were  about  SAYi  per  cent,  greater  than 
during  the  corresponding  period  of  1911.  In- 
creases in  shipments  were  reported  at  all  the 
(Continued  on   page  34.) 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


Material  and  woA  the  itanilard  for  14  years.     Our  repntation  ll>«  b«at  |iudll*e 
arideace  a>  to  our  auperioritj. 

CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO.,     -    ■     32U27  Eut  94tk  St,  NEW  YORK 

Advertis.!m-nta.— When  wrllins  Advertlaers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Bulldinu. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


JUST   PUBLISHED 

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A   DESCRIPTIVE  CATALOO 

A  VALUABLE    reference   book.      Lists  and 
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PEORIA  ILUMOIS 


Badger  Quality 

Copper  Hot  Water 

BOILERS 

are  all  that   can  be  de- 
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LONG  LIFE 
CLEAN  WATER 

Beantiftil  Appearuice 

Every  boiler  is  tinned  on 

the  inside  and  guaranteed 

{gainst  leakage  or  coll^jse. 

Wriu  far  CalaUg 

L  B.  Badger  &  Sons  G>. 

BOSTON,  U.  S.  A. 


A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator— Copley  Plaza 


Copley  Plaa  Hotel,  Boston 
—  H.  J.  Hardenbereh, 
Architect.  Equipped  with 
5  PasKi^ei^  3  Service,  1 
Combmed  I^ssenger  and 
Freight  Elevator,  2  Side- 
walk Elevators,  S  Electric 
Dumbwaiters  and  1  Ash 
Lift. 


Manufactured  and  Insralled  by 


The  A.B.  See  Electric  Elevator  Co. 

Main  Office:  220  Broadway,  New  York 


PH1I^DEIJ>H1A 


>Vhen  writing-  Advertisers,  please  mention  Archlte 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THE  SNOW  GUARD  ALLOWING 
NO    STRAIN     ON    THE     SLATE 

WHY  NOT  SEE  IT  ? 
A  postal  card  will  bring  sample 

rOnm  Snow  Guinl  Ct.  "•  '.Jiia.— " 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

Flag  Poles 


Fittings 

Etc. 

Send  for  Catalogue 


THOS.W.JONES 


Til^hon*  Oanntetlan 


ARTHUR  GREENFIELD,! 

REINFORCED  CONCRETE  FLOORS 
IRON  FURRING  mud  METAL  LAIHING 

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important   iron    ore    shipping   points. 
Duluth-Superior,     Two     Harbors,     Escanaba, 
Ashland  and   Marquette. 

The  receipts  of  iron  ore  show  a  corre- 
sponding increase  from  4,460,764  long  tons  in 
June,  1911,  to  7,219,093  long  tons  in  June,  191Z. 
or  nearly  02  per  cent.  The  receipts  since  the 
beginning  of  the  year  show  an  increase  from 
7,959.822  long  tons  in  1911  to  12,343,667  Ions 
iron  ore  receipts  are  credited  to  Lake  Erie 
tons,  or  55  per  cent.  Over  80  per  cent,  of  the 
ports,  the  remainder  having  gone  to  Lake 
Michigan  ports. 


WOODWORK    AND    DECORATION 

CONTRACTS. 

This  has  been  an  unusually  good  season 
among  the  decorators,  to  which  may  be  added 
the  fact  that  many  of  the  biggest  contracts 
have  yet  to  be  awarded. 

Messrs.  Charles  Grimmer  &  Son  have  been 
fortunate  in  securing  some  very  important 
awards.  Among  them  may  be  mentioned  the 
contract  for  cabinet  woodwork,  painting  and 
decoration  of  the  new  22d  Regiment  Armory. 
Messrs.  Walker  Sc  Morris,  Architects;  the 
woodwork  and  decorations  in  the  residence  of 
the  Hon.  Robert  Bacon,  at  Westbury,  L.  I... 
Mr.  John  Russell  Pope,  Architect;  the  cab- 
inet woodwork  and  decorations  in  the  resi- 
dence of  Dr.  F.  G.  Goodridge.  78th  St.,  New 
York,  Messrs.  Foster,  Cade  and  Graham. 
Architects;  also  the  woodwork  and  decorations 
of  rooms  for  companies  "L"  and  "M,"  Sev- 
enth Regiment  Armory,  F.  L.  Robinson.  Arch- 


Mr.  Otto  G. 
moval  of  his  oflices  to  the  third  floor  of  the 
Maryland  Casualty  Tower,  Baltimore,  Md.  Mr, 
Simonson  has  associated  with  him  in  the  prac- 
tice of  architecture.  Mr.  Louis  W.  Simonson, 
Mr.  Lucius  R.  White.  Jr.,  and  Mr.  William 
F    Stone,  Jr. 


The  Sanitary  Dust  Removing  Company,  of 
Boston,  Mass..  installed  the  twelve-sweeper 
vacuum  cleaner  plant  in  the  Hotel  Copley- 
Plaza.  Boston.  This  firm  is  a  branch  of  the 
Vacuum  Cleaner  Construction  Company,  of 
New  York  City. 


Advertlaementa.^ — When  writing  Adver 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


totifct. Mrf Briito. ■hwrfitorertn.t,  EVANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BOLTS 

WITH  DOUBLi:  r,ND  OR.IP  EXPANSION 

Cotutnicted  on  NEW  linei.      Grip  Bt  BOTH  ENDS,  and  od  ALL 

■idea.     Cannot  vrork  loose. 

'CSilS."'  F.  H.  EVANS  (M:rJ3;;L'T3l^»35"Hew™7i"  B^ 


H 


Van  Dora's  Steel  Joist  Hanger 

IS  TBB  BE.ST  OBTAINABI.E 

Send  {or  Catal<iKua  mid  nter  to  tliia  Maguine 

THE  VAN  DOB^N  IRON  WORKS  CO. 

CLILVELAND.  OHIO 

Steel  Buildings,  Wrought  Iron  Fencing,  Iron  Bridges,  Jail  and 
Prison  Work,  Metallic  OfGce  Furniture,  etc. 


James  H.  Roberts  Elevator  Co.  ™"""  ""•""' 
ELEVATORS  and  DUMBWAITERS 

Bud  ud  BImMc  Elcvatora.  DaBbwaltsra.  Sldawalk  HolaU. 

lavalld  Lllu,  Cwrt^a  aad  Aalomoblla  Elcvatara 

SPEED  lEDUClNO  HACBINEIY  aad  ELECTRIC  CH>NimACmNa 

Offlcai    430  Wul  Bnadtrar  NEW  TOU 


Building  Construction  and  Superintendence 

Part  II.    Carpenters'  ^^ork         I  Part  III.    Trussed  Roof* 

Pout  Dollar*  a  Volume  |  Tllree  Dollar*  ■  Volume 

Br  F.  E.  KlDCOt,  C  E..  Pb.D..  Aichileet 

THE   WM.   T.   COMSTOCK  CO.,   Publiaher,  23   W^ARREN   STREET.   NBXV  YORK 


ELECTRIC    ELEVATORS 

with  machines  having  Ball  Thrust  Bearings  that  reduce  friction  and  increase  power,  and  made  slrong  and  durable, 
is  my  speciaJiy.  They  have  lilled  the  bill  formany  years  and  will  solve  the  vertical  ttansportation  problem  for  you. 

DUMBWAITERS  CELLAR  HOISTS 

Write  for  Catalog  and  Prices  J.  G.  SPEIDEL,  Reading,  Pa. 


"COUNTRY  AND  SUBURBAN  HOUSES" 


all  dimoiaiona.     Boolu  ate  bandiomely  printed  with  half-tone  lUustratiou.  and  all 
designs  carefully  atlecced. 

Daaian  caadac  t3M0  to  tSOJMt.     Priea  $2.00  grapald. 

Dtlailed  ptam  prtfiarid  /or  aflo  uofk  or  far  rrmoitlini  aid  bitUdinis. 

W.  DEWSNAP.  Arcliitact  190NaaaBaSt..l<«w  YaikCttr 


The  "Golden  Gem"  Adding  Machine  only  $10 

ir»  h,.,»  i.cen  makinn  addina  machines  for  ten  ytar^-and  have  sold  over  30,0(m,    ■'THE 
('quest.    Ournewnio(lt.'Uhe"('>OI.DE>l  GEM"  suits  the  average  man's  ni-cds  as 


nee  Today— Yuur  MO.VEY  BACK  i(  Machine  doei  not  make  gavl.     Addn 

A.  B.  GANCHEB^ 

ilic    Addlnc    Macblne    Co.,  319  Broadway,  Naw  YorK 


ritlng  Advertiser:!,  plea 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


ELEVATOR  SHAFT 
CONSTRUCTION 

By  H.  ROBERT  CULLMER 

Assisted  by  ALBERT  BAUER 


Practical  Suggestions  for  the  Installa- 
tion of  Elevators  in  Buildings 


A  treatise  for  the  architect  and  builder 
covering  the  surveying  and  preparing  of 

detail  drawings  for  elevator  shafts;  ma- 
chine rooms;  elevator  bulkheads;  tables 
and  formulae  for  calculating  the  size  and 
capacity  of  elevators;  freight  elevators; 
sidewalk  elevators;  dumb-waiters;  specifi- 
cation writing  for  elevator  installation ;  ele- 
vator shaft  doors  and  apphanccs;  building 
regulations  covering  elevator  installation. 


Elevator  shaft  construction  in  buildings 
Com  s«i.on  oi  Elevator  Shall  and  Bulkhead.  ^^  ^^^^^  bcioK  been  technically  treated. 
This  book  supplies  the  demand  for  information  on  this  subject,  and  it  has  been 
the  effurt  of  the  author  to  supply  the  necessary  data  for  the  use  of  the  architect 
in  placing  an  elevator  equipment  in  any  building.  New  York  practice  is  fol- 
lowed, and  the  Building  Department  laws  and  regulations  of  New  York  are 
made  the  standard.  The  author  has  also  made  a  careful  study  of  the  regula- 
tions in  use  elsewhere,  giving  the  deviations  from  New  York  requirements. 
Specification  writing  for  elevator  equipment  has  been  covered  by  two  forms; 
one  a  simple  specification  for  a  single  elevator,  the  other  a  more  elaborate  equip- 
ment embracing  several  styles  of  cars  suitable  f  jf  an  office  building. 

The  book  contains  most  practical  information  and  it  ii  the  hope  of  the  author 
that  he  has  omitted  no  important  point.  Every  phaie  of  the  shaft  problem  in 
building  construction  has  been  covered,  and  the  method  of  presentation  is  such 
that  ready  reference  is  possible  to  any  detail  of  the  subject. 

The  book  is  in  companion  fIic  wiih  the  Building 
Construction  and  Superintendence  Series,  by 
Mr.  F.  K.  Kidder. 

Cloth  bound,  170  pages,  Frontispiece,  47  dia- 
grainmalic  plates,  1&  iltusttalive  plates 

Price  $3.00 


The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co. 


23  Warren  Street. 


NEW  YORK 


AdvertlsementB. — Whim  wrlClnK  Advertisers,  pleeeo  mention  Architecture  snil  BulldlnE. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING.  37 


IBuildin^  Construction 
and  Superintendence 

Ry    FRANK    E.     KIDDER,    G.  E.,    Ph.  D.,    Architect 


Part   1.— MASON'S  WORK,  Ninth  Edition. 

New  and  enlarged,  thoroughly  revised  and  rewritten  by 
Thomas  Nolan,  M.  S.  A.  M.,  Prof.  Arch.,  University 
Pennsylvania.  New  chapters  on  FIREPROOFING, 
CONCRETE,  both  reinforced  and  plain.  Foundations 
showing  most  approved  work  in  recent  structures,  etc. 
965  pp.,  628  illustrations,  cloth.  Price,  $6.00 

Part  II.— CARPENTER'S  WORK,  El|{hth  Edition. 

Treating  on  Wood  Framing — sheathing,  windows,  out- 
side door  frames,  interior  woodwork,  rough  work,  finish, 
floors,  heavy  framing,  builders'  hardware,  and  the  large 
variety  of  detail  that  the  subject  covers. 
544  pp.,  525  illustrations,  cloth.  Price,  $4.00 

Part  III.— TRUSSED  ROOFS  and  ROOF  TRUSSES- 

Second  Edition. 

This  part  describes  nearly  every  type  of  roof  construction 
commonly  met  with  in  buildings,  pointing  out  the  ad- 
vantages of  different  types  of  wooden  and  steel  trusses 
for  different  spans  and  building  requirements.  Special 
attention  is  given  to  description  of  wooden  trusses  and 
steel  trusses,  in  order  to  make  the  work  of  practical  value 
to  the  architect,  draughtsman  and  builder. 
294  pp.,  306  illustrations,  cloth.  Price,  $3.00 


riHE: 


WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 

23   Warren  Street  New  York 

Advertisements. — When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


^  SWISS  CHALET  BOOK 


THIS  new  book  by  Mr.  William  S.  B.  Dana  tells  the  story  of  the 
chalet  in  Switzerland,  its  history,  evolution  and  construction. 
The  book  is  replete  with  illustrations  and  numerous  diagrams, 
sections  and  plans.      It  is  picturesque  as  well    as  instructive. 
Mr.  Dana  has  not  neglected  the  Swiss  chalet  in  America  and  tells  the 
reader   something   of  the  use  that  has  been  made  of  chalet  forms  in 
California,  accompanying  his  text  with  most  attractive  pictures. 

Table  of  Contents 

Chapter      V. 


Introduction. 
Chapter     I. 


Switzerland  visited;  Swis 
tects  and  builders. 


Chapter  II.  Construction  details;  granary 
construction;  examples  of  mod- 
ern and  older  chalets. 


Chapter  III.     The 


chalet  skeleton;    basis  of 
small  chalets. 

Chapter  IV-  Balcony  and  gable  construction ; 
doors,  windows;  some  classic 
and  modern  chalets. 


Chapter  VI. 
Chapter  VII. 
Chapter  VIII. 
Chapter      IX. 

Bibliography. 


The   chalet  facade;   window 
disposition;    plans  and  eleva- 

The  chalet  facade ;  system  of 

ornamentation. 

The  chalet  interior;  planning, 

plans  and  elevations. 

The  chalet   interior;  interior 

decoration;   furniture. 

Adaptation  of  the  Swiss  chalet 

in  other  countries;   American 

adaptations. 


150  pages;  250  illustrations  and  figures 


Cloth,  IVi  y-  10.     Price,  $2.50 
The  Wm.  T.  ComstOCk  Co.,  23  Warren  St,  New  York 


Advert laements. — Wbsn  wiitlnK  J!  dvertlsera,  plMue  a 


Ion  Architecture  and  BulldlnE. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 

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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


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M  fakr  SMM.       latUirl  UL 


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JUST  PUBLISHED 

The  Principles  of  Architectural  Design 

By  PERCY  L.  MAKKS,  A«cnrricT 

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26D  pp.,  6x9,  88  illustrations.    $2.50  (10/6)  net,  postpaid 

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B«ilcP>teatnui(I  a  Short  Survey  of  tb«  Satty  HldoT 
al  theArt.  ' 

Ptrtll.  Chapter III-lDlTodactiiM.  IV— Adhe9i<ft. 
V—Compmdon  and  L*t«ial  Einaniloa.  VI— Brndioc. 
VlI-TranirerM  Streuu.  VIII— ApplicaiionI  of  the 
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Putin.  Cii*pter  X-Mmliaialj  of  Corutmclioil. 
XI— Floor  Sritemi.  XII-Found.ticin».  XIII— Pin- 
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XVlf^uperinMndenU  SpedficaOoni.  XVlII-Th» 
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2                                            'ARCHITECTURE 

AND    BUILDING. 

^HfrnnO 

%*"'SSi""^^ 

Niw  Tarli  Areliiicetinl  Terra-Catu  CHwmi 

The   Chicago  "Relax" 

Third  Avenue  and  Shuttle  cars  stop 

Spring  Hinge  has  an  EXCLU- 

directly over  Vernon  Avenue  on  the 
Queensborough  Bridge,     A  passenger 

SIVE    FEATURE    of    spring 

elevator  is  now  running  in  the  Vernon 

action  release,  allowing  the  door 

Avenue  tower  'and  brings  visitors  to 
within  150  feet  of  our  principal  office 

to    be    placed 

and  factory. 

open  at  any  de- 

Work in  the  New  York  Company's 

sired  position. 

plant,  therefore,  means  work  that  can 

be  personally  supervised  by  the  Archi- 

It is  readily  ap- 

tect, Owner  or  Builder,  because  of  the 

plied   and    at- 

Vernon  Avenue  stop. 

At  the  Bridge  Plaza  on  the  Queens 

tractive    in 

side  we  are  very  pleased  to  refer  to 

1                             appearance. 

some  of   the   New  York  Company's 

_ 

terra-cotta — in  the  Queens  Plaza  Court. 

Itbicaao  SpHng^tttllTomimia). 

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JUST  PUBLISHED 

The  Principles  of  Architectural  Design 

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Continued  1911 


CONTENTS  FOR  NOVEMBER 

John  Wellborn  Root 

By  Theodore  Starrett. 

Monroe  Building,  Chicago,  111 

Holabird  and  Roche,  Architects. 

Burning  a  **Fireproof**  Building  

Building  for  Blad^,  Starr  and  Frost,  New  Yoric  City 

Carrere  and  Hastings,  Architects. 

Bank  Vaults  in  the  Second  National  Bank,  Boston,  Mass. 

Parker,  Thomas  and  Rice,  Architects. 

Building  for  M.  Knoedler  &  Co.,  New  York  City       .        .       •        . 

Carrere  and  Hastings,  Architects. 

S.  Jarmulowsky  Bank  Building,  New  York  City       .        .        .        . 

Rouse  and  Goldstone,  Architects. 

Queens  Plaza  Court  Building,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 

Thompson  and  Frohling,  Architects. 

Central  Commercial  and  Manual  Training  High  School,  Newark, 


N.J, 


Emest  F.  Guilbert,  Architect. 

Grand  Stand  for  the  New  York  Polo  Grounds 

Henry  B.  Herts,  Architect. 

Residence  for  Mr.  James  D.  Potts,  Glen  Ridge,  N.  J. 

Edward  V.  Warren,  Architect. 

The  Resident  Versus  the  Correspondent  Architect 

By  R.  M.  Dunbar. 

Building  for  the  North  Side  Board  of  Trade,  Bronx,  New  York 

Albert  E.  Davis,  Architect] 

The  Hotel  Rogers,  Lebanon,  N.  H 

Fox  and  Bixby,  Architects. 

Church  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  New  York  City       .... 

Elliott  Lynch,  Architect. 


429 

432 

434 
439 

441 

445 
447 

448 

451 

457 

460 
461 
463 
464 
467 


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^  K  U  IN    1 


LED  HOSPITAL 

YORK  »  SAWYER,  Archiieru 
MARC  E1DLITZ&  SON.  Buildcn 


extured   Front  Brick 
-actories    Company 

w  York    City 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


RICK 


This  large  order  for  our  Golden  Rough 
Textured  Front  Brick  was  awarded  us  in 
the  face  of  keen  competition.  Quality  of 
material  was  first  considered,  along  with  the 
fact  that  shipments  were  needed  quickly  in 
large  quantities  to  complete  this  building  on 
time.  This  beautiful  building  should  be  seen 
to  be  admired. 

Millions  of  High    Grade  Front  Brick  in 

stock  at  all  times, 

QUAUTY  UNQUESTIONED 

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ARCHITECTURE  AND   BUILDING. 


Alphabetical  List  of  Advertisers 


Page 

American    Bnameled    Brick    ft 
Tile    Co.,    The 25 

American  Real  Estate  Co 25 

American     Hardware     Corpora- 
tion,   The     1 

ArnBteln,    Robert 39 

Atchison    Revolving    Door    Co, 

The    ~ 

Automatic    Adding    Mach.    Co..  33 

Automatic     Sprinkler     Co.      of 
America ^ 

Badger  ft  Bona  Co.,  B.   B 33 

Baguea   Freres  Co 2 

Bankers'    Building    Bureau...'.  42 

Barnes  Co.,  W.   F.  ft  John 40 

Barrett  Mfg.  Co..  The 1« 

Berger  Mfg.   Co.,   The 80 

Bevll     Subscription     Agency ...  42 

Bommer   Bros ^^ 

Boyd,    Thomas    Bruce 21 

Carter.    Black    ft    Ayers 41 

CerusBl    Marble    Works 40 

Ceresit    Waterproof    Co 45 

Chicago    Spring    Butt    Co 2 

Collins,    Francis    W 21 

Concrete    Age,    The 42 

Corbln,   P.   ft  F 1 

Cork   ft  Zicha  Marble   Co 32 

Corrugated    Bar    Company 37 

• 

Daprato   Statuary   Company....  14 
De  Soto  Paint  Mfg.   Company.  30 

Dewsnap,   William  D 85 

Dixon   Crucible   Co.,   Jos 31 

Doten-Dunton    Deek    Co 13 

Brklns  Studio.  The    15 

Bvans,    F.    H 35 

Federal  Terra   Cotta   Co 48 

Felton,   Sibley  ft   Co 11   Cover 

Flynn,    William    J 30 

Folsom   Snow   Guard   Co 34 

Fuller    Co.,    George   A — 

Gaucher,    A,     B 35 

General   Fire   Extinguisher    Co.  23 


Page 

Globe    Ventilator    Co.... II    Cover 

Gorham     Co..     The H 

Gorton  ft  Lldgerwood  Co 80 

Grant   Pulley   ft   Hardware    Co.  44 

Greenfield,    Inc.,    Arthur 84 

Grimmer    ft    Son,    Charles....    0 

Harbison  -  Walker    Refractories 

Co *•    ^ 

Hardware  Agency  Co 29 

Harrlsburg  Star  Boiler  Co 33 

Henderson     Bros ^ 

Hlgglns   ft   Co.,   Chas.   M 40 

Hllbrlng,    Joseph 42 

Holmes,   Frederick   S 21 

Hydro  Damp-Proofing  ft  Engl- 
neerlng   Co ^ 

Ingham,  Howard  M 21 

Jackson  Co.,  William  H 6 

Jones.    Thomas    W 34 

Kalameln    Co.,    The 28 

Kneer,  Joseph   39 

Knoburn   Co.,   The 27 

LJimb.    Neven    Sparks 2 

Lane  Bros.  Co 31 

Leiman    Bros 28 

Lockwood  ft  Almqulst 34 

Loomls    Manning    Filter    Distri- 
buting  Co IV   Cover 

Manual    Arts    Press.   The 33 

Marblelold  Co..  The 33 

McCabe     Hanger    Mfg.     Co 31 

McKay.   Inc.,  Peter 30 

Metropolitan   Electric   Mfg.    Co. 

IV  Cover 

Miller,     H.     W 9 

Monument   Plaster   Co 41 

Morell,  George  P 43 

Morton,    Thomas    29 

National  Ventilating  Co 32 

Nelson  Co..  W.  P 1^ 

Newman   Clock   Co — 

New   York   Architectural    Terra 
Cotta  Co 2 


Page 

Northwestern    Terra-Cotta    Co., 
The     ^ 

Otis    Elevator    Company 17 

Penn    Brass    &    Bronze   Works.  IS 

Polachek    Bronze    ft    Iron    Co., 
John    18 

Pomeroy   Co..   Inc.,    S.    H 27 

Prentlsfi  Clock  Imi>rovement  Co.  35 

Rock  wood    Sprinkler    Co 24 

Roberts  Elevator  Co.,  James  H.  83 
Royal  Bavarian  Art  Institute..  14 

Safety    Fire    Extinguisher    Co., 
The    22 

See  Electric   Elevator  Co..   The 
A.    B 46 

Slnmions  Co.,  John 26 

Snare   A   Trlest   Co.,   The 16 

South  Dover  Marble  Works 46 

Speidel.  J.  0 85 

Stanley    Works,    The 81 

Star  Ball  Bearing  Door  Hanger 

Co 45 

Star  Expansion   Bolt  Co 16 

Star    Fireproof    Door     ft     Sash 
Co.,    Inc 29 

Stickler,   Gustav   48 

Storm  Manufacturing  Co ,  The.  26 

Tettenborn     Refrigerators 34 

Tubes  Realty  ft  Terminal  Com- 
pany    IV   Cover 

U.    S.    Changeable    Sign    Com-    • 
pany    — 

United  States  Mineral  Wool  Co.  27 

United     States    Press     Clipping     I 
Bureau     -^ 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co.,  The  85 

Voigtmann   ft   Co 27 

Voska.    Foelsch   ft   Sidlo 9 

Washburne   ft   Co.,    E.    G 40 

Waterman   Co.,   U   E 47 

Wells  Architectural  Iron  Co. . .  — 
Wilson  Mfg.  Co.,  James  G....  16 
Wlnslow  Bros.  Company.  The.  — 


laamf^ir^fia 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 

PI  REPROOF  DOORS  AND  SHUTTERS. 

IKON    WORK— Orna men Ul    and    Structural. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

Baguea  Freres   Co...T(B  Fifth   Axe.,   New   York 

3  West  29tli   St..   New   York 
Kslamin    Co.,    Tbe,    Lode    Island    Cltv,    N.    Y. 

"  48o!4W  HaScock"  St.'"Sd  577 -Ml   BouleVkrd. 

Knoburn  Company,  365  14tb  St..  Hoboken,  N.  J. 

Long  Island  City. 

o^^Qo,     ^g^^-.gj^    ^^^    ^^^^    ^j^^ 
Star  Fireproor  Door  and   Sasb  Co, 

River   Ave.    and    ISlst   St.,    N.    Y. 
Wlnalow    Bros.    Company,    The, 

2650-52   Park  Ave.,   New   York 

New   York-Chleago 

JAIL  AND  PRISON  WORK. 

FIREPROOF  WINDOWS. 

Van  Corn   Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  0. 

Kalameln  Company.  The,  Long  Island  City.  N.  T. 

Knoburn  Company 

Lane    Bros.    Co .'. .  .Pougbkeepsle.    N.    Y. 

Pomerov    Co.     (Inc.),    S.    H., 

Van   Dom   Iron   Worka   Co Cleveland,   a 

ma                           ^^^    W.^iath    St.,    N.    Y. 

LIGHTING  FIXTURES-Ga«  and  Electric. 

Bagues  Freres  Co 7«i  Fifth  Ave,,  New  York 

FLOORS. 

Marblelold  Co.,  The,  34tli  St.  G  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

r'orTllffalfiri     Rflr     rn                                        RiilTaIn      V      V 

""SST-iJ-^ ^    B„,»,   S„.,    ».    T. 

vvri  ufiHkvu    D«r    I..D, Duaaio,    IN.     I. 

Washburne  A  Co..  E.  O...209  Fulton  St..  N.  Y. 

FLOOR  AND  WOODWORK  POLISH. 

Felton.  SEbley  ft  Co... 136  N.  4th  St..  Pblla.,  Pa. 

LIMESTONE. 

Williams.  B.   A,  ft  G.  N.. 

Walnut   Ave.    and    I33d    St.   New    York 

FOUNTAIN  PENS. 

Waterman  Co.,  L.  B...1T3  Broadway,  New  York 

American  Hardware  Corporal  ion. 

Doten  DuntoD    Desk    Company. 

New   Britain,   i^onn. 
Corbin     P.   ft   F New   Britain,    Cono. 

24  Arch   St..   Boat(on.   Mass. 

MANTELS,   FIREPLACES.   ETC. 

Erklna  Studios,  The.  231  Lexington  Ave.,   N.  Y. 

GARDEN   FURNITURE,   CEMENT. 

Jackson    Co.,    Wm.    H.  .2    W.    47tb    SL,    N.    Y. 

ErkJna  SludLoa.  The.  .231  Leiinetan  Aye.,  N.  Y. 

MARBLE  WORKERS. 

QLAS3     3RNAHBNTAL. 

BatlersoD  ft   Eleele.   Times  Building.   New   York 
Crual  Marble  Wor^s,  2T1-79  E.  ISSlh  St,     .\'.  Y. 

Henderson  Broa .701  First  Ave,,  N.  Y. 

Cork  ft  Zicha  Marble  Co.. 

325-327    B.    Mth    St.,    New    York 

QRAPHITE  PAINT. 

McLaury   Marble  Co 103  Park  Ave..   N.   T. 

Dlion  Crucible  Co..  Jos Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

^°>'"'  ''^|[n?t'"";fi'e.''^'r-133d    St-.    New    York 

HANOERB— House,    Barn   Door.     ' 

VoBka-FoelBCh  ft  Sldlo,  Astoria.  New  York.  N.  Y. 

HBTAL  CEILINGS. 

McCatie  Hanger  Mig.  Co. ..532  W.  22d  St.,  N.  Y. 

Berger   Mfg.   Co.,   The Canton,    0. 

HARDWARE 

METAL  DOORS   AND   TRIM. 

DahUlrom  MeUlllc  Door  Co.  .Jamestown,   N.  Y. 

Am er loan  Hardware  Corporation,  The. 

""'■"'"   '•'"&.««  ...h  St.  H.^....  .V.  ,. 

New    Britain.    Conn. 

Star  Fire  Proof   Door  and   Sash  Co.,   Inc.. 

Corbln°P.''a''F.. ,". .'.  .f.'.'. ..  ."nIw  ^■■|taln.''coSi. 

2^  Park  Ave.,   Sew  Ytrk  C;ty 

Hardware     Agency     Co,, 

METAL  LATHING. 

24    Arob    il.    ll..^ton.    Ur,t. 

QreenBeld,  Inc..  Arthur. ..  ,2IM  E.  26th  SC.  N.  Y. 

„    ,       Si*.  "X?°H'"'=^'-  Boston,  Uus. 

ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THE  CORHAM  CO  ARCHITECTURAL  BRONZE 

^IFTH   AVENUE 


r;!t  PROVIDENCE  R.l 


Adverllaementa. — When  writing-  Advertliers,  pleaa«  mention  Architecture  and  Bulldlns. 


Classified  Advertisements — Continued 


PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRESEBVINa  IRON 
AND  STEBIK 

Dlnon  Crucible  Co.,  Joa Jeraar  City,  N.  J. 

PAINTS,  OIM,  VARNISHES,  WODD  FIIJ.ING,  etc. 

De  Soto  Paint  Mtg.   Co Memphis.  Tcdd. 

Dlion  Crucible  Co.,  Jos Jersey  CHjr,  N.  J, 

Felton,   SlblBy  ft   Co., 

196  N.   4tli    St.,    PbllRdelpbla.    Pa. 

PLASTBR  WORK— Plain.  OrnBmenlal  Modeli. 

Kneer,  Joaeph,  888  Broadway.  L.  I.  City,  N.  Y. 

Miller.  H.  W 22d  St.  and  Ave.  A,  New  York 

HonumeDt  Plaiter  Co HarrlsoD,  N.  J. 

PLUMBERS. 

Cornell  Compaoy,  W,  Q.. Everett  Bldg.,  N.  Y. 
Plynn,  Wllllftoi  J.,  11  E.  l6Ttli  St..  New  Yort 
Morell,  Qeorge  P.,  110  W.  lUth  St.,  New  York 

PHONO  LOOK,  3TCDS  AND  FURRING. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

PUB1.1SHERS. 

Comatock  Co.,  The  W.  T...23  Warren  St.,  N.  Y. 

Concrete  Age,   Tbe Atlanta,  Georgia 

Manual    Aria    Prese.    The. 

eOO  Qemtaa  Fire  Insur.  Bldg.,  Peoria.  111. 

PULLEYS. 

Grant   Pulley    &   Hardware    Co., 

3  W.  20tb  SL,  N.  Y. 

REFRIGERATORS,   PORCELAIN,   ETC. 

Tettsnbom    Relrlgerator    Co Cincinnati,    0. 

RINOStBrldle.  Comer  Brace,  Bridle),  Sebco  Aerial 
Star  Eipanalon  Bolt  C0..14T-149  Cedar  St.,  N.  Y. 

ROLLING  DOORS  AND   SHUTTERS— Sicel. 
Grant  Pulley   and  Hardware  Co., 

3  W.  20th  St..   New  York  City 
Wilson   MCg.   Co..   Jamea   O., 

3  W.  29tli   St.,  New   York 
ROOFING  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

Barrett  Mtg.  Co New  York,  N.  Y. 

SASH   CHAINS. 


STEEL  JOIST  HANGERS. 

Lane  Broa.    Co Poughkeepale,   N.   Y. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  O. 

STEEL  SHUTTERS,   ROLLING,   ETC. 

Wllaon  MIg.  Co.,  Jamea  Q., 

5  W.  2»tti  St.,  New  York 
STUCCO. 

Monument    Plaster    Co Harrison,    N.    J. 

SUBSCRIPTION   AGENCIES. 

Bevil   Subscription   Agency Atlanu.    0«. 

SWITCHBOARDS,   PANELS.  ETC. 

Metropolitan   Electric   Mfg.  Co., 

I4th   St,    ft   East  Ave.,   Long    Island    City 

TACKLB    BLOCKS    (Automatic). 

Lane  Bros,   Co Poughkeepale,   N.   Y. 

TERRA  COTTA. 

Federal   Terra   Cotta.  Co.,   Ill    Broadway,   N.    Y. 
New  York  Architectural   Terra   Cotta  Co.. 

225  Fifth  Ave..   New  York 
Nortbweatem  Terra  Cotta  Co., 

lOUO   Clyboum   Ave.,   Chicago 
TILE  FLOORS. 

Corrugated    Bar    Co Buffalo,    N.    T. 

UPHOLSTERY. 

Grimmer  ft  Sou,  Charlea. 

230-234   E.  37Ih  St.,  New  York 

VACUUM  PUMPS. 

Leiman  Bros.,  p.  G 02  John   SL.   N.   Y. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger  Mfg.    Co Canton,   O. 

VENETIAN  BLINDS. 

Wilson   Mlg.   Co.,  Jaa.   G.. 

Stij  W.  jath    St.,   New   York 

VENTILATING    RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy,  N.  Y. 

VENTILATORS. 

Globe   Ventilator   Co Troy,    N.    T. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


30  Banks 


two  each  month,  for  which  we  have  ob- 
tained the  Contracts  for  the  Bronze  Work 
durine  the  last  15  months- 


it  Co.. , 


Trowbridge  ft  Livinoston,  Archilecti. 
3.  Eu«  Co.  Natioiul  Bank Hewnr 

Clinton  A  Ruraell,  ArchitccU, 
3.  Uh[eh  Villev  Tnul  Co. AUcnto 

Rime  &  LanH.  Architecle- 
*.  Poughki*(nio  Savings  Bank Poughknjwi 

Movbnyft  UffinKet,  Architects. 
•    •■----■■<--       ;eBank Wheeling, 


,  nS."! 


worth,  Archile 


iiBink..Portani 


0.  ChueNitionAlBank... 

Walker  &  Gillette.  Arc 

0    Mukle  Binking  &  Tr. 


. .  Bridgeport, 
New  H»en 
....New  York  City. 


Ceocge  M.  Bartletl 
Cctmanis  Savinii  E 
Voss  &  Laurilien.  , 


Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

.  .NewHiven. 


Cora  Bidunge  Bank 


I  ft  Hiron*.  ArchitecU. 

IBtional  Bank  of  Cuba 

Purdyft  Hendenon,  Engiaeen. 

'     "   ~  -     ■  .MartiiubiirB.  W.  Va. 


..LI,  aiy 
LvaiuL  Cuba. 


HogglOD  Bma.,  Dealgnera. 
jlcaiieu  National  Bank ....Uke  Charla.  U. 

HoggBon  BroB  ,  Deaigneri, 
:enttal  Trust  Co. .....Harrilburg.  Pa. 


Hoggion  Broa..  Deaiflnere. 

So.  NorwalkTnutCo 

Cititen*'  Truit  Co 

Clinton  ft  RuiseU,  Aichiln 
Long  Iiland  City  Savings  Bt 
Truit  ft  Depoiil  Co..  of  Ono 


City  Nati 

■Kcv 


JOHN  POLACHEK  BRONZE  &  IRON  COMPANY 

Ardfttrrttuol  Vrimw  anb  Jrmi  Work.        Art  hi  Srmur.  #taln«ry  ■nrk.  HSMtta,  rlr. 
Office  and  Works,  480-49+  Hancuck  Street  and  S77-591  Boulevard,   LONG  ISLAND  CITY,  N.  Y. 


special  Facilities:- 


Altars,  Statues,  Stations  of  the  Cross,  Sanctuary 

Railings,  etc.    Executed  in  Marble,  Scagliola  and 

Rigalico  Composition. 

O'vtr fifty  fears'  txperirnct  in  Ike  deveUfmtnl  ef  Ihe  best  in  reclesiaslKal  art. 

Those  with  whom  quality  is  an 
important  object  will  find  our  serv- 
ice unequaled.  Our  foreign  studios 
are  located  right  in  the  heart  of  the 
Carrara  Marble  district  and  all  work  is 
personally  supervised  by  Prof,  Bianchi 
of  the  Royal  Academy,  at  Massa,  Italy. 
We  are  in  position  to  undertake  any 
work  and  guarantee  finest  execution. 

Daprato  Statuary  Company 

"Pratifial  IdiUW*  oI  CbrfiiUa  An" 

766-770  W.  Adams  St.  31  Barclay  St. 
Chicago  New  York 


V0  %  Sugal  Vomiriatt  Art  Snatttute 

f  rut  jr.  X.  Zrttlrr,  flnttU^ 


Denver  Cathedral 
Belleville  Cathedral  Salt  Lake  City  Cathedral 

Fort  Wayne  Cathedral  San  Antonio  Cathedral 

Lincoln  Cathedral  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Cathedral 

Cardinal  Gibbons  Jubilee  Memorial  Chapel 
Franciscan  Monastery,  Washington,  D.  C,  etc.,  etc. 


Ingal  lauarian  Art  Unatttut? 

9.  X.  Zmlrc,  M.mU:\i 

DAPRATO  STATUARY  COMPANY,  Sole  Agents  United  States  and  Canada 
8-770  W.  Adnms  St.,  Chicago  31  Barclay  Street,  New  York 

irertlsemtnts.— When   writing  AdvertlaerH    please  mention  Architecture  and  BttlldlnK- 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


fliah  UTlny  Bvam  of  tl» 
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SEBCO 

EXPANSION  BOLTS 

Up-to-date  mechanics,  electricians^ 
plumbers  and  carpenters  know  that 
they  can  always  rely  upon  the  Sebco 
Expansion  Bo!ts  as  the  safest  method 
of  fastening  fences,  fire  escapes,  bal- 
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and  floors  of  stone,  brick,  concrete,  etc. 


STAR 


EXPANSION 

BOLT  COMPANY 
147-149  CEDAR  STREET,     NEW  YORK 


ARE   QUALITY    GOODS 


:c  than  inferior  kindi 


DONT  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  when  tpedfp 
ing  Bpring  lungei,  which  of  all  hardware  perfoim 
(he  hardest  nark.  Bomnier  Spring'  Hingei  nenr 
fail  to  give  aatisfactian,  and  lave  withitood  the 
ten  of  time.  The  sprinei  never  go  lune. 
"Practically  Unbreakable,'*^  ajt  the  Worid'i 
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aOLD  KEDXtSi  F*ril,  IMO:  BifiUo,  Mil  H.  Lnb,  BH. 

All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Tfiem 


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Architecture  and  Building 

A  Magazine  Devoted  to  Contemporary  Architectural  Construction 


FOLUMR   XLIV. 


NOVEMBER.    1912 


Number  11 


JOHN  WELLBORN  ROOT 

By  THEODORE  STARRETT 


IN  the  recent  discussion  of  the  achieve- 
ments of  the  late  Daniel  Hudson 
Burnham,  it  was  inevitable  that  his  de- 
ceased partner,  John  Wellborn  Riiot, 
should  be  mentioned  by  all  who  really 
knew  the  philosophy  of  Burnham 's  ca- 
reer. When  I  wrote  for  Architectire 
AND  Building  the  account  of  my  recol- 
lection of  Burnham  and  of  the  bust  of 
Root  which  stood  in  his  office  overlook- 
ing him  as  he  worked,  I  got  to  thinking 
about  Root.  It  seemed  to  me  almost  a 
duty  to  say  more  about  him,  to  raise  a 
voice  in  these  ^'practical"  times  in  behalf 
of  the  memory  of  a  man  who  did  some 
thing  that  was  bigger  and  more  import- 
ant than  framing  the  U.  S.  Steel  Cor- 
poration or  leaving  a  fortune  of  a  quar- 
ter of  a  billion  of  dollars. 

John  Root  was  a  real  architect,  a 
draftsman  and  a  designer.  Not  all 
architects  are  real  architects  in  the 
sense  here  meant,  for  some  of  our 
"greatest"  are  merely  job  getters,  inter- 
ested in  the  game  as  a  business,  but  hope- 
lessly inefficient  with  respect  to  it  as  an 
art. 

The  thing  that  made  Daniel  Burnham 
great,  if  fate  intends  that  he  shall  be  im- 
mortal, was  the  World's  Columbian  Ex- 
position, and  if  Burnham  is  to  be  immor- 
tal John  Root  should  stand  beside  him — 
in  a  sense  he  should  stand  before  him, 
because  in  the  elements  that  made  the 
Fair  great,  the  architecture,  as  opposed 
to  the  construction,  there  is  little  doubt 


that  Root's  was  the  originating  or  con- 
ceiving mind.  Burnham's  was  the  ex- 
ecutant mind. 

Born  in  Georgia  in  1850,  the  son  of  a 
man  of  New  England  descent,  John 
Wellborn  Root  passed  his  boyhood  in  the 
South.  It  appears  that  Root's  father  had 
been  disappointed  in  his  own  youthful 
hopes  of  becoming  an  architect  and  had 
decided  that  his  son  should  have  the  op- 
portunities which  he  himself  lacked. 
It  was  a  case  of  "marking."  From 
his  infancy  the  boy  showed  wonder- 
ful talents  in  all  directions;  he 
learned  to  sing  before  he  learned  to  talk ; 
he  had  a  toy  violin  when  he  was  two 
years  old ;  he  started  drawing  as  soon  as 
he  could  take  hold  of  a  pencil,  and  at 
seven  years  of  age  we  hear  of  his  having 
his  three-year-old  sister  pose  while  he 
sketched  her  portrait.  A  piano  was  pur- 
chased by  the  family  when  he  was  twelve 
years  old,  and  "although  the  instrument 
was  new  to  him,  he  sat  down,"  so  it  is 
said.  *'and  played  several  airs  with  ap- 
parently no  effort." 

His  home  was  in  Atlanta  at  the  time  of 
Sherman's  march  to  the  sea,  and  at  four- 
teen years  of  age  he  witnessed  the  en- 
trance into  the  city  of  "Old  Tecumseh." 
After  the  war  he  lived  in  New  York  City, 
where  he  entered  the  New  York  Univer- 
sity in  1866  in  the  sophomore  class  at 
sixteen  years  of  age,  and  graduated  in 
1869.  His  father's  failing  fortunes  made 
it  necessary  for  him  to  go  to  work. 


430 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Work  for  Root  began  in  the  office  of 
Mr.  Renvvick,  the  noted  New  York  archi- 
tect, where  Root  was  a  student  for  one 
year  without  salary.  After  the  year  with 
Mr.  Ren  wick  came  the  experience  of 
^'looking  for  a  job,"  as  his  brother,  Wal- 
ter Root,  said  he  expressed  it,  as  a 
draftsman,  which  he  finally  found  in  Mr. 
Snooks'  office. 

In  1871  occurred  the  Chicago  fire  and 
thither  he  repaired  to  become  foreman  of 
the  office  of  Messrs.  Carter,  Drake  & 
Wight,  architects.  A  few  days  after  his 
entrance  upon  this  engagement  Root  met 
Daniel  Hudson  Burnham,  who  then 
joined  the  force  of  draftsmen  in  the  em- 
ploy of  the  firm.  The  two  young  men. 
Root  twenty-one  and  Burnham  twenty- 
five,  became  fast  friends  and  continued 
so  until  death  parted  them. 

The  World's  Columbian  Exposition  at 
Chicago  was  a  case  of  **the  Wild  and 
Woolly  West"  taking  unto  itself — absorb 
ing,  as  it  were — the  elegance  and  culture 
of  the  most  refined  section  of  the  East. 
Chicago  had  won  the  Fair  which  was  to 
celebrate  the  4(X)th  anniversary  of  Co- 
lumbus's discovery  of  America.  Chicago 
decided  to  build  a  Fair  three  times  as  big 
as  the  greatest  fair  that  had  been  thereto- 
fore held. 

Now,  these  Chicago  business  men  who 
had  won  this  prize,  the  honor  of  speak- 
ing for  the  United  States,  as  it  were,  to 
the  whole  world,  appointed  John  W.  Root 
consulting  architect.  Afterwards,  at 
Root's  request,  the  appointment  was 
amended  to  include  Burnham,  and  it  was 
these  two  men,  Root  and  Burnham,  who 
persuaded  the  Directors  to  employ  East- 
ern architects  for  the  greatest  buildings 
of  the  Exposition.  These  Eastern  men, 
in  consultation  with  Root,  fixed  the  style 
of  the  composition,  and  the  Western  ar- 
chitects who  were  later  appointed  for 
additional  buildings  vied  with  them,  as 
far  as  it  lay  in  their  power,  in  keeping  up 
with  the  procession. 


Who  that  saw  the  World's  Fair  in  Chi- 
cago can  ever  forget  it?  The  combina- 
tion of  grey- white  buildings,  just  enough 
green  grass  and  trees,  flanked  by  wide 
plazas  and  the  inland  waterways  or  la- 
goons spanned  by  low  balustraded 
bridges,  with  the  tideless  lake  just  outside 
for  background  and  foreground,  gondo- 
las and  electric  launches  swiftly  and 
noiselessly  plying  the  waters,  flags  and 
streamers  flying — Oh,  such  a  lot  of  them 
— happy  crowds  chattering,  foreigners 
dressed  in  strange  costumes,  some  in  out- 
landish bright  colors — the  whole  makes 
a  picture  that  has  never  been  equalled. 
And  the  man  who  had  taken  the  lead  in 
designing  it,  who  had  drawn  with  his 
own  hands  the  plan  which  was  followed 
with  only  the  slightest  changes,  who, 
himself  an  artist,  had  selected  the  artists 
to  share — nay,  to  appropriate — the  hon- 
ors, died  just  as  he  had  completed  the 
organization  of  men  who  were  to  do  it. 

1  remember  the  first  time  I  ever  laid 
eyes  on  Root,  just  as  I  remember  the  first 
sight  of  Burnham.  Root  was  a\vay  when 
I  went  to  work  for  the  fimi  and  it  was 
not  until  I  had  been  there  for  a  week  that 
I  saw  him  one  day  pop  into  the  drafting 
room  and,  stepping  to  the  large  detail 
table  where  a  roll  of  manilla  paper  was 
hung,  tear  off  a  piece,  probably  a  yard 
and  a  half  long,  then  pop  back  without  a 
word,  without  a  look  at  anybody.  A 
blonde-haired  man  of  medium  height,  un- 
deniably stout — he  was  a  good  liver.  His 
hair  was  banged  and  fell  in  a  short  fringe 
around  his  handsome  forehead ;  his  fact- 
was  florid.  Afterwards  I  saw  him.  He 
was  at  the  time  thirty-five  years  old. 
Yes,  he  w^as  stout.  A  splendid  head, 
splendidly  balanced ;  eyes  large  and  bUic 
and  flashing.  A  small  nose  with  quiver- 
ing nostrils;  a  sparse,  drooping  mus- 
tache, matching  his  fine,  thin  hair: 
a  proud  erect  carriage  with  very 
full  chest.  He  w^ould  make  the 
round     of     the     drafting     room     every 


JOHN    WELLBORN    ROOT 


431 


morning,  looking  at  each  man's  work. 
He  paid  no  particular  attention  to  me,  or 
to  anybody  as  far  as  I  knew ;  he  simply 
looked  at  the  drawing,  made  a  few  sug- 
gestions, perhaps  pushing  you  off  your 
stool  and  sticking  one  leg  over  it.  Any 
comment  would  be  in  the  shape  of  a  dry 
little  exclamation,  a  half  joke.  Once  I 
had  drawn  in  the  detail  in  the  gable  of  a 
dormer  window.  He  looked  at  it  with  a 
little  smile,  half  amused,  half  ironical. 
'This  was  evidently  taken  from  original 
sources," — not  another  word.  I  won- 
dered if  he  was  going  to  rub  it  out  for 
me.  No ;  he  let  it  go.  Ah !  John  Root,  I 
have  come  to  know  that  you  worked 
from  original  sources,  too.  Then  he 
would  pass  on  to  the  next  man. 

His  facility  with  the  pencil  was  re- 
markable. His  hands  were  peculiar  look- 
ing in  that  his  nails  were  rudimentary  and 
he  held  the  short  pencil  so  close  to  the 
lead  that  that  he  seemed  to  be  drawing 
with  the  points  of  his  fingers.  He  never 
used  an  instrument  in  anv  of  his  work  of 
criticising,  but  would  do  it  all  free-hand. 
He  had  a  habit,  which  I  think  was  a 
fault  that  he  would  have  grown  out  of  if 
he  had  lived  longer,  of  depending  on  his 
first  inspiration — anything  once  drawn, 
that  was  the  end  of  it ;  it  would  be  de- 
tailed just  as  he  drew  it. 

Stanford  White  said  of  a  little  band  of 
artists  who  worked  together  in  the  East 
— himself.  Charles  F.  McKim  and  Au- 
gustus St.  Gaudens — that  they  were  * 'red- 
heads." Burnham  and  Root  w^ere  red- 
heads, for  Root's  hair  was  a  reddish- 
blonde.  Both  blue-eyed,  both  auburn  of 
complexion,  they  were  a  pair  of  super- 
men if  ever  there  were  such  things. 
Burnham  got  the  jobs.  Root  did  them. 
The  way  they  worked,  one  was  as  neces- 


sary as  the  other.  They  were  well  mated. 
Root  was  a  natural  architect  in  the  full- 
est sense  of  the  word.  He  understood 
construction  and  took  as  much  interest  in 
designing  a  foundation  as  he  did  in  de- 
signing any  other  part  of  a  building.  He 
understood  amazingly  the  philosophy  of 
construction;  he  had  the  constructive 
faculty.  His  face  was  turned  to  the 
truth ;  he  had  no  truck  with  the  fanciful 
decoration  of  the  outside  of  a  building 
to  look  like  something  that  it  is  not.  He 
was  a  utilitarian  in  the  sense  that  he  used 
the  materials  at  hand — bricks  and  terra- 
cotta— and  delighted  to  fashion  his  ideas 
with  them.  What  his  tendencies  were 
are  shown  by  the  Monadnock  Building 
and  the  Rand-McNally  Building;  one 
built  of  brown  pressed  brick  from  the 
sidewalk  to  the  roof, — not  a  thing  but 
brick  as  far  as  the  mason  work  was  con- 
cerned, excepting  some  granite  trim  to 
the  entrances;  the  other  built  of  brown 
terra-cotta  from  the  sidewalk  to  the  roof. 
What  Root  would  have  done — what 
Burnham  &  Root  would  have  done — if 
he  had  lived  is  perhaps  an  idle  question. 
His  tendencies  were  along  the  same  lines 
as  Louis  Sullivan's.  And  Sullivan's 
work  in  its  best  tendencv  is  the  same  as 
the  Cierman  tendency  of  this  day,  a  scien- 
tific tendency.  And  France,  with  her 
Style  Nouveau  is  coming  around  to  Sul- 
livanism  now.  Imagine  Root  alive  today 
in  his  ripe  prime.  Perhaps  his  ideas 
would  be  sweeping  Eastward  just  as  he 
encouraged  Eastern  ideas  to  sweep  West- 
ward in  the  World's  Fair  of  1893. 


NOTE:  In  the  story  about  D.  H.  Burnham 
1  said,  Incorrectly,  that  he  and  Root  came 
from  W.  I^  B.  Jenney's  office.  Burnham  had 
worked  for  Mr.  Jenney  and  had  left  his  em- 
ploy. Later  he  was  employed  by  Carter, 
Drake  &  Wisrht,  as  here  stated.  I  am  In- 
debted for  these  and  other  facts  to  a  Life 
of  John  Wellborn  Root  by  Miss  Harriet 
Monroe. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


.   P.    Nplson   Com 


MONROE    BUILDING,    CHICAGO 


THE    MONROE    BUILDING.      THE   CORKIUOR  COMPLBTKLY   FINISHED    IN  TII.INQ 
AND  FAIENCE  FI.OOH  WALLS  \S\1  CEILING. 
Tile  and   Faience:    Wm.  H.  Jackson   Company.  IJoUblrd  £  Rocli».    Archltecta. 


BURNING  A  "FIREPROOF"  BUILDING 


THE  Opportunity  to  moralize  is  unpre- 
cedented, and  yet,  is  it  worth 
while?  The  reader  is  usually  quite  as 
well  fitted  constitutionally  to  moralize  as 
the  writer,  and  as  a  rule  much  prefers 
his  own  efforts  in  that  direction. 

On  February  2<S,  1912,  at  Rockford, 
111.,  a  fire  occurred  in  the  office  building 
of  the  Emerson-Brantin|2^ham  Company, 
which  is  an  isolated  building  standing 
in  a  group  of  manufacturing  build- 
ings that  comprise  their  works.  The 
destruction  wrought  by  this  fire  was 
of  a  most  surprising  nature,  and  the 
before-and-after  pictures  are  as  striking 
as  some  advertisements  for  a  hair  tonic. 
However,  with  due  apologies  to  the 
manufacturers  of  hair  invigorators  the 
illustrations  presented  on  the  following 
pages  are  real  pictures,  and  we  are  in- 
debted to  the  Quarterly  of  the  National 
Fire  Protection  Association  for  the  use 
of  their  cuts  and  for  the  description  of 
the  building  and  the  results  of  the  fire. 

The  building  is  a  detached  three-story 
structure,  210  by  62  feet,  with  undi- 
vided floor  areas.  The  construction  is 
of  reinforced  concrete  columns,  beams 
and  girders,  with  a  tile  and  concrete 
floor  system-  and  roof.  The  floor  sur- 
faces are  of  cement  and  tile  mosaic. 
The  stairs  are  of  iron  and  marble  near 
the  center  of  the  building  and  not  en- 
closed. The  window  frames,  interior 
trim  and  office  partitions,  which,  as 
shown  by  the  illustrations,  are  about  8 
feet  high,  were  largely  of  oak.  The  rel- 
atively small  amount  of  combustible  ma- 
terial is  clearlv  shown  in  the  illustrations 
made  previous  to  the  fire. 

To   quote   from   the   "Quarterly,"   the 


building  **had  no  internal  protection,  be- 
ing dependent  on  the  standard  fire 
equipment  of  the  works,  consisting  of 
hydrants  fed  by  two  l,(XX)-gallon  Under- 
writer pumps  and  a  large  tank  on  100- 
foot  trestle."  No  mention  is  made  of 
the  presence  or  use  of  fire  pails  or  chem- 
ical extinguishers  or  standpipes  within 
the  building,  so  it  is  assumed  that  the 
only  means  of  fighting  the  fire  was  by 
lines  of  hose  run  in  from  the  outside 
hydrant  connections. 

The  first  floor  of  the  building  was 
used  as  a  show  room  for  agricultural  im- 
plements ;  the  second  for  general  oflftces ; 
and  the  third  as  a  dining-room  and  sup- 
ply room. 

The  fire  started  about  10.30  P.  M.  in 
the  east  end  of  the  second  floor,  being 
probably  caused  by  the  carelessness  of 
some  smoker  among  the  office  force  who 
worked  late.  It  was  first  discovered 
bursting  from  the  windows  in  the  east 
end  and  by  the  time  the  fire  streams 
were  applied,  it  extended  over  half  the 
floor.  A  "hot  air"  explosion  drove  the 
fire-fighting  force  from  the  room  apd 
spread  the  fire  through  the  entire  floor, 
uo  the  marble  stairs  to  the  third  floor 
and  through  the  windows  at  the  east  end 
of  the  third  floor.  The  fire  burned  itself 
out  from  lack  of  more  combustible  ma- 
terial. 

Practically  everything  on  the  second 
floor  was  destroyed,  including  many 
valuable  office  records.  The  first  and 
third  floors  were  seriously  damaged  by 
smoke  and  water.  The  eflfect  on  the 
structure  of  the  building  was  to  cause  the 
spalling  oflf  of  concrete  from  twelve  col- 
umns, in  several  laying  bare  the   rein- 


BURNING    A    "FIREPROOF'    BUILDING 


UL'IL.I>IN<J. 
Eck  a  siruclurally  HreprooCed 


BURNING    A    "FIREFROOF"    BVlLDtNG 


forcement  and  also  baring  the  reinforce- 
ment of  three  concrete  ceiling  girders. 
The  lower  webs  of  numbers  of  the  terra- 
cotta tiles  in  the  ceiling  bays  were  also 
cracked  out.  The  upper  part  of  the  east 
brick  wall  was  also  cracked,  due  to  the 
expansion  of  the  floor,  and  required  re- 
building. The  floors  were  also  consider- 
ably cracked  on  the  third  floor  east.  The 
north  and  south  walls  were  also  pushed 
slightly  out  of  line.  The  loss  was  figured 
at  $75,000. 

We  quote  from  the  report  in  the 
Quarterly  of  the  National  Fire  Preven- 
tion Association. 

"It  is  somewhat  surprising  that  the 
amount  of  heat  developed  by  the  burn- 
ing of  the  office  furniture,  papers,  etc., 
should  have  caused  such  excessive  havoc 
with  the  material  used  in  the  construc- 
tion of  the  building." 

However,  loading  tests  made  after  the 
fire  indicate  that  the  strength  of  the 
building    was    not    seriously    impaired. 


and  that  its  structural  shell  could  bt 
stored  and  the  interior  refinished. 

This  fire  is  the  strongest  conceiv 
argument  for  the  use  of  non-combus 
window  frames  and  sash  and  intt 
trim.  We  may  go  even  further  and 
of  metal  furniture  and  interior  partiti 
The  "hot-air"  explosion  in  an  ins 
spread  the  fire  over  double  the  i 
This  building  was  built  with  a  cei 
hallway  and  was  practically  divided 
two  wings  by  low  partitions.  If  it 
been  separated  into  two  rooms  by 
walls  at  either  side  of  this  central  1 
way,  the  fire  would  undoubtedly  1 
been  confined  to  one  end  where  it  o: 
nated,  and  the  damage  materially  1 
ened. 

What  occurred  in  this  building,  w! 
was  undoubtedly  considered  by  the  o 
ers  and  we  think  would  have  been  i 
sidered  by  most  architects  a  well  : 
proofed  structure,  is  just  as  apt  to 
cur  in  a  very  large  percentage  of 


438                     ■                   ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 

iiodern  office  buildings.  There  arc  n-any  unprotected  neighbors.  The  mod- 
buildings  now  erected  which  we  believe  ern  office  building  with  wooden  trim  in 
impregnable  to  such  danger,  both  be-  the  majority  of  our  cities,  is  even  more 
cause  of  their  structural  materials  and  open  to  destruction  by  fire  than  the  ex- 
their  fire-preventive  systems.  But  these  ample  here  shown,  and  the  greater  the 
stand  out  in  the  limelight  among  their  number  of  stories  the  greater  the  danger. 


liUILDIXC  FOR  BLACK.  STAKH  .'-V  l-KOST.  XliW  YORK 


BL'II.UINii    AT  N.    E.   CORNER   OF   FIFTH   AVENt;B   ANlt  1STH   STREET    FOR 

BLACK,  aTARR  AND  FROST. 

ixlerior  Marblp:  Simlh  Dover  Marble  Co.  Carrtre   *    HastlnifB,    Archllecti 


BANK  VAULTS  IN  THE  SECOND  NATIONAI 
BANK,  BOSTON,  MASS. 

of  a  drill  and  shock  proof  steel  Hi 
outside  of  which  is  rock  concrete  em 
ding;  a  steel  rail  grillage.  The  vau 
divided  into  two  compartments,  witl 
entrance  to  each.  Both  entrances 
protected  by  doors  of  composite 
structioti,  2  feet  thick ;  each  weig 
twenty  tons.  The  construction  of 
door  affords  protection,  not  only  ag; 
attack  by  drilling  and  explosives, 
also  against  attack  by  the  oxy-acety 
burner. 

The  locking  mechanism  of  the  d 
is  arranged-in  a  novel  manner  by  pla 
the  combination  locks  upon  the  jai 
or  door  frames,  and  the  time  locks  v 
the  doors  proper;  each  individi 
checking  the  bolt-throwing  mechai 
and  necessitating  a  hole  through  the  i 
and  another  through  the  jamb  before 
mechanism  can  be  tripped. 

In  addition  to  the  security  vault,  t  i 


The  Vault  Door  Open. 

THE  design  of  a  bank  vault  presents 
new  and  numerous  problems  to 
the  engineer  that  are  never  realized  by 
the  public  at  large. 

The  construction  must  be  such  as  to 
furnish  protection  against  burglarious 
attack,  including  the  use  of  the  oxy- 
acetylene  burner,  an  instrument  now  ex- 
tensively in  use  throughout  the  world. 
Fireproof  protection  must  be  absolute, 
and  in  this  connection  the  structure  must 
be  so  strong  as  to  withstand  great  shock 
from  falling  masses  occasioned  by  a  col- 
lapse of  the  building  in  which  it  is  lo- 
cated. To  provide  such  a  structure  to 
guard  against  these  dangers,  was  the 
problem  that  confronted  the  vault  en- 
gineer, Frederick  S.  Holmes,  when  called 
upon  to  design  the  vaults  for  the  Sec- 
ond  National   Bank.   Boston. 

The  security  vault  is  placed  at  the  rear 
of  the  main  banking  room  and  is  26  feet 
B  inches  long  by  10  feet  wide  by  9  feet 
Wgh,  inside,  and  the  walls,  top  and  bot- 
tom, are  approximately  21  inches  thick. 
The  inner  portion  of  the  walls  consist 


Bank  Vault  I 


The  Vault  Closed. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


^ 


— THIi  SKCO.M)  NATIONAL  BANK. 


is  a  fireproof  vault  in  the  basement  for 
the  storage  of  books  and  reconls.  and  a 
similar  vault  on  the  mezzanine  floor,  in 
which  the  active  books  and  records  of 
the  institution  arc  kept  at  night. 

The  vaults  were  built  and  installed  by 
Remington  &  Sherman  Company,  under 
the  supervision  of  the  engineer. 

The  interior  of  this  new  banking  room 
possesses  the  architectural  interest  of  a 
good  design.  It  occupies  a  portion  of 
the  Minot  Building  and  the  whole  wa5 


designed  by  Parker.  Thomas  and  Rice. 
Thoma.s  Bruce  Boyd  designed  the  in- 
terior equipment  and  furniture  for  the 
bank,  and  the  Doten-Dunton  Desk  Co. 
supplied  the  larger  part  of  the  furni- 
ture, including  the  wooden  fixtures  in 
the  cages.  The  bronze  entrance  doors 
and  the  interior  bronze  work  is  the  pro- 
duction of  The  Gorham  Co.,  who  also 
designed  the  doors  of  the  adjoming 
Minot  Building  of  which  Parker, 
Thomas  and  Rice  were  the  architects. 


SECOND    NATIONAL    BANK,   BOSTON 


THE    SECOND    NATIONAL    BANK.      PRESIDENT'S    OFFICE    AND    HOAlll>    ROOM 
Parker.   Thomas   and    Rlcp.    ArthlteclB 
Inlerlor  Equipment  and  Furniture  designed  by  Thomas  Bruce  Boyd. 


BUILDING  FOR  M.  KNOEDLER  &  CO.,  SEW  YORK 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING.. 


IntiTlor   Marble:   Vnska.    Foelsch   &   Stdlo,   Inc. 
Broiiie   Work;    Tenn    B  "     ~  ..-      . 


BUILDING  FOR  S.  JARMULOWSKY 


S.  JAKJ1U1>JWSKYS  BANK  BUILDING.  S4  CANAL  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 
:erlor   Contructors;    Bnnkprs    Bulldlne    Bureau.  Rouae  &   Goldalone,    Architects. 

Jntlntr  and    necoratinK:    Robert    Arnaleln. 
lar"    Bjill    Hearlnj?   Door   Hanni-ra. 
nami-ntal  Iron:  A.    I'ertmBn  Iron  Worka,  Inc. 


THE  QUEENS  PLAZA  COURT  BUILDING 

THOMPSON  &  FROHLING,  Architects 


THE  g;rowlh  of  Long  Island  City 
consequent  to  the  connection  with 
Manhattan  by  means  of  the  Queensboro 
Bridge  has  been  largely  to  date  a  de- 
velopment of  factories  and  residence 
sites.  The  population  has  now  increased 
to  such  an  extent  that  a  large  business 
building  is  warranted,  and  the  Queens 
Plaza  Court  has  been  erected  to  meet 
this  demand.  It  is  situated  at  the  north 
side  of  the  bridge  plaza,  where  transit 
facihties  are  of  the  be;t,  and  it  occupies 
a  full  block  front. 

The  building  is  of  the  usual  steel 
frame  construction,  now  erected  to  a 
height  of  four  stories,  with  the  prospect 
of  adding  eight  more  at  a  future  time. 


The  finish  of  its  hallways  and  interiors 
places  it  among  the  best  class  of  office 
buildings,  which  would  be  suitable  to 
many  Manhattan  locations. 

The  Tubes  Realty  and  Terminal  Com- 
pany were  the  builders.  The  exterior  is 
largely  of  terra-cotta  supplied  by  the 
New  York  Architectural  Terra  Cotta 
Company.  The  lower  stories  are  of  lime- 
stone. The  ornamental  ironwork  was 
done  by  A.  Perlman  Iron  Works,  Inc.: 
the  plastering  by  Joseph  Kneer :  the 
painting  by  Peter  McKay.  Inc.;  and  the 
electric  wiring  by  the  Boyd  Equipment 
Company.  The  elevator  equipment  will 
eventually  consist  of  three  cars,  but  at 
present  one  only  Is  installed,  an  A.  B. 


QVEESS  FLAZA  COURT,  LOXG  ISLAND  CITY 


44? 


See  machine.  "Star"  ball  bearing  door  bas  a  plain  but  well  appointed  banking 

hangers  are  used.  room.     The  bronze  screen  for  this  room 

The  Long  Island  City  Savings  Bank  was  supplied  by  John  Polachek  Bronze 

occupies  one  corner  of  the  building,  and  and  Iron  Coni])any. 


r~1 

t 

1 

I 

"*  ■ 

k\ 

1 

~ 

i: 

_^- 

^ 

t   f  ' 

QUEEINS  ri.AZA  COURT.  L(>NO  ISLAND  CITY,  nOllO.  OF  QL'KKNS,  NEW  YORK  Cll 
nulldcru:    TubeB    Rpnlty   A    T_ermlnal   Co.  _         Thompson    ft  ProhllnK.   Archite 


.    _  New  York  Ar 

Iron;  A.  P^rlman  Iron  Work 
1  DptachHblc  MffhanlRm  Plus) 
»cenl"   Expannion   Holts  VneA. 


hltectural  Ter 


CENTRAL  COMMERCIAL  AND  MANUAL  TRA 
ING  HIGH  SCHOOL,  NEWARK,  N.  J. 


ERNEST  F.  GUILBERT,  Archiiect 


THE  site  of  this  school  building  is  on 
a  lot  sloping  from  High  Street  to 
Summit  Street  in  Newark,  N.  J.  The 
architectural  design  is  English  Gothio 
expressed  in  brick  and  terra-cotta.  A 
terrace  precedes  the  main  facade  on 
High  Street,  being  approached  by  flights 
of  steps  from  the  sidewalk  level,  with  a 
court  before. 

The  plans  are  well  developed  and  ex- 
ceedingly interesting.  Consideration  of 
the  basement  plan  shows  that  the  area 
below  the  terrace  is  fully  utilized.  The 
entrance  at  the  court  level  leads  to  two 
elevator  shafts  in  which  at  some  future 
time  cars  may  be  installed  to  give  direct 
communication  with  the  top  floor  of  the 
building,  which  it  is  anticipated  may  be 
ultimately  used  to  accommodate  the 
Board  of  Education.  The  gymnasium 
and  power  plant  occupy  the  area  below 
the  terrace. 


From  the  first  story,  the  elen: 
scheme  of  the  plan  is  at  once  evide 
consists  roughly  of  a  hollow  square 
corner  towers,  in  each  of  which  is  lo 
a  stair  well:  two  corridors  runnin 
full  length  of  the  building  parallel 
the  terrace,  and  two  cross-conne 
corridors  surround  the  central  pc 
occupied  in  the  first  and  second  si 
by  the  assembly  room,  and  above 
by  the  light  court.  The  long  con 
connect  the  stair  wells.  There  is 
complete  circulation  about  the  \ 
floor,  class  rooms,  laboratories  and 
rooms  all  facing  outwardly  and  i 
one  opening  directly  onto  the  corri 
The  stairs  are  of  iron  with  stone  tr 
and  the  flights  are  entirely  enclosed, 
two  stairways  in  the  north  side  o: 
building  are  inter-crossing,  twin  fli 
with  separate  entrances.  All  stair 
are  separated  from  the  corridors  by 


THE  BAST  ELEVATION  OF  THE  SCHOOL 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


PLANS   OF  THE   CEXTBAl^  COMM 


t  F.  Gullbert.  ArchltMt. 


COMMERCIAL   HIGH    SCHOOL.  NEWARK,   N.   J. 


Stanley's    Hull    Keiirln 

and  wire  glass  partitions,  with  kala- 
meined  doors.  For  convenience  in  the 
school,  certain  of  the  slairs  are  used  only 
for  going  lip  and  others  for  coming 
down,  thus  dividing  the  traffic.  The  loca- 
tion of  the  toilet  rooms  and  the  general 
features  of  the  plan  can  be  readily  ob- 
served. 


An  Enclosed  Stair. 


The  school  has  accommodation  for  1,- 
200  pupils  and  the  auditorium  a  seating 
capacity  for  1,000. 

There  is  at  the  present  time  one  Otis 
elevator  for  service  of  the  school,  this 
l>eing  used  for  both  passentjers  and 
freight. 

In  construction  the  school  is  built  upon 
rock  and  is  of  steel  frame,  fireproofed 
with  terra-cotta  and  concrete.  The  floor 
system  between  the  bays  is  constructed 
on  the  two-way,  corr-tile  method.  The 
bays  are  of  large  extent,  and  the  steel 
supporting  members  consist  of  deep  I- 
beams  which  are  fireproofed  with  con- 
crete. To  give  a  detailed  idea,  we  will 
describe  a  typical  bay  with  dimensions  of 
30x33  feet  between  column  centers.  This 
is  supported  on  the  wall  end  by  an  18- 
inch,  48j^-pound  Bethlehem  I-beam,  and 
by  24-inch,  120-pound  beam^  on  the  two 
long  sides  and  a  24-inch  73-pound  beam 
at  the  inner  side.  The  tiles  which  were 
placed  upon  false  work  for  construction. 


454  ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDINC 

consist  of  flanged  blocks  spaced  both 
ways  15  inches  on  centers.  The  blocks 
are  of  12x12  inch  top  dimensions  and  7 
inches  in  height.  To  c'.ose  the  open  end 
of  the  block,  channel  sections  were  used, 
giving;  equal  spacing  to  that  provided 
by  the  flanges  on  the  closed  sides 
of  the  blocks.  Small  square  tiles  were 
nsed  to  close  the  openings  at  the  cor- 
ners. When  the  blocks  were  spaced,  two 
way  channels  were  produced,  having  a 
uniform  width  of  3  inches  between  the 
sides  of  the  channels.  The  reinforce- 
ment used  was  one  J^-inch  deformed 
bar  in  each  rib.  This  construction  gives 
an  entire  tile  ceiling  for  the  panel.  The 
concrete  is  poured  into  an  entire  tile 
form,  and  is  surrounded  by  tile  at  all 
points  below.  It  is  filled  in  to  a  height 
of  3  inches  above  the  top  of  the  tile. 
making  a  complete  floor  slab  10  inches 
in  thickness.  This  ftoor  stab  was  ftgnrcd 
to  have  a  dead  load  of  85  pounds  per 
square  foot  and  to  carry  a  live  load  of 
75  pounds  per  square  foot.  The  appear- 
ance of  the  upper  side  of  the  floor  while 
being  laid,  and  the  under  side  at  com- 
pletion, may  be  seen  by  the  photographs. 
while  the  drawing  presented  on  page  455 
gives  a  clear  idea  of  the  system. 

An  interesting  test  was  made  of  this 
floor  panel,  which  is  shown  by  a  photo- 
graph at  the  time  of  the  test  and  by  the 
plan  and  section.  The  panel  was  loaded 
with  brick  piled  so  as  to  avoid  arching 
action,  to  a  total  weight  of  150,050 
pounds,  which  figured  to  152  pounds  to 
the  square  foot.  Deflection  readings 
were  taken  under  loads  of  50,  100  and 
150  pounds.  The  net  deflection  at  the 
centre  of  the  panel  was  7/32  inch  under 
the  heaviest  load.  No  permanent  settling 
could  be  detected  upon  removal  of  the 
load.  This  tile-concrete  floor  system  is 
known  as  the  "Corr-Tile"  or  Burchartz 
system. 

The  structural  partitions  in  the  school 
are   of   terra-cotta.     The   interior   trim 


COMMERCIAL    HIGH    SCHOOL,  NEWARK.    X.    L 


THE  METHOD  OP  fORR-TILE   CONST HITCT ION. 


and  doors  of  all  class  rooms  are  of  wood 
and  glass.  The  fire  preventive  system 
consists  of  four  stand-pipes  in  the  cor- 
ridors near  the  stair  wells  which  are  sup* 
plied  directly  from  the  city  pressure.  For 
the  fire  alarm  system  there  are  two  push 
buttons  on  each  floor  with  electric  bells 
distributed  throughout  the  building.  The 
signals  may  be  operated  from  the  push 
buttons  or  from  the  Principal's  office. 
Outside  alann  is  given  from  the  Princi- 
pal's office. 

The  ventilating  system  for  the  school 


is  arranged  in  four  vertical  stacks  com- 
ing up  approximately  at  the  intersections 
of  the  corridors.  These  stacks  contain 
both  exhaust  and  supply  pipes.  The  dis- 
tribution of  air  lo  and  from  all  class- 
rooms is  provided  for  by  a  chamber 
above  the  corridors,  the  chamber  being 
divided  into  two  levels,  the  lower  one 
for  supply  and  the  upper  one  for  ex- 
haust. The  supply  enters  the  top  of  the 
room  and  the  exhaust  is  drawn  from  the 
bottom.  This  arrangement  provides  for 
the    ventilating;    flues    without    wasting 


CORR-TILE   PIjOOR 


>  REINFORCING  BARS  READY   FOR  CONCRETING. 


valuable  space,  as  the  diminution  of  head 
room  in  the  corridors  is  unobjectionable 


are  of  12- foot  diameter,  with  5-foot 
faces.  There  are  four  exhaust  fans,  one 
for  each  shaft. 

There  are  four  Babcock  and  Wilcox 
150  H.P.  boilers  for  heat  and  power.  All 
ixiwer  is  generated  by  three  100  kilowatt 
direct  connected,  three  wire  generators. 
These  furnish  light  and  power  for  all 
machinery  in  the  building,  there  being  34 
electric  motors  in  use  for  ventilating  and 
power  in  the  class  rooms. 

The   Storm    Mfg.   Co.    furnished   the 


and  the  most  direct  access  to  the  class     dumb-waiters  and  the  elevator  now  in- 
rooms  is  provided.    The  two  supply  fans     stalled  is  an  Otis  electric  machine. 


ii^ 


m 

w  s 


and  S<!ctlon  of  tbe  Tested  Panel    Showing  Deflection  Under  LOkd. 


GRAND  STAND  FOR  THE  POLO  GROUNDS 


HENRY  B.  HERTS.  Architect 

THE  i>opularity  of  Daseball  in  New 
York  City,  and,  for  that  matter, 
throughout  the  country,  is  the  occasion 
for  this  elaborate  equipment  to  accom- 
modate the  tremendous  crowds  that 
come  to  the  frames  during  the  season. 
With  the  burning  of  the  old  Polo 
Grounds  grand  stand  last  year,  it  be- 
came necessary  to  erect  new  stands  for 
the  accommodation  of  the  baseball  en- 
thusiasts, and  the  structure  we  are  now 
illustrating  is  a  very  good  model  of 
structural  design,  with  adequate  adorn- 
ment for  such  a  purpose. 

The  substructure  consists  of  spread, 
reinforced  concrete  footings  with  rein- 
forced concrete  piers  rising  to  the  level 
of  the  first  tier  of  seats.  This  tier  is 
built  of  reinforced  concrete  in  the  form 
of  a  great  slab  supported  by  girders 
across  the  piers.  The  risers  and  treads. 
9  inches  in  height  and  30  inches  in 
width,  are  also  built  up  of  reinforced 
concrete,  and  furnish  the  levels  on 
which  the  seats  are  placed.  Above  the 
first  tier  the  whole  construction  is  open 


way  in  the  rear  of  the  seats  and  the  ap- 
proaching runways  to  the  balcony  are 
all  cement  floored.  There  is  a  com- 
position roofing  over  the  Ij^-inch 
matched  sheathing. 

The  ornamentation  of  this  very  util- 
itarian structure  takes  the  form  of  two 
decorative  courses,  one  at  the  balcony 
level  and  one  at  the  roof  level.  The 
design  at  Ihe  balcony  level  is  a  repeated 
motif,  while  that  at  the  roof  level  con- 
tains a  series  of  eight  shields  repeated 
in  successive  panels.  One  end  of  the 
stand  which  is  shown  in  the  illustra- 
tion is  finished  in  decorative  form, 
while  Ihe  other  is  left  incomplete,  to 
be  eventually  continued  further  about 
the  baseball  diamond.  The  seating  ca- 
pacity of  the  new  stand  is  about  27,000. 
There  are  thirty-five  rows  of  seats  in 
the  first  tier,  including  the  boxes,  and 
twenty  in  the  balcony. 

Mr.  Henry  B.  Herts  was  the  architect- 
ural designer,  the  Osborn  Engineering 
Company  were  the  designing  and  struc- 
tural  engineers,   the    Snare   and   Triest 


steel  framing  with  the  balcony  and  roof  Company  were  the  general  contractors, 

cantilevered    out.     The    balcony    treads  and  the  cement  for  structural  and  orna- 

and  risers  are  also  of   reinforced   con-  mental  work  was  supplied  by  the  Penn- 

crete  carried  on  steel  beams.     The  run-  sylvania  Cement  Company. 


GR4ND'  STAND.  .AT  POLO  GROUNDS 


-^59. 


GRAND   STAND  AT  NEW   YORK    I 
Genprnl  Contraclors:  The  Snare  &  Triest  Co. 
Star  Expansion   BoUs  Used. 


RESIDENCE  OF  MR.  JAMES  D.  POTTS,  HIGHLAND  AVENUE,  GLEN  RIDGE.  N.  J. 

Edward  V.   Warren.   Architect. 
It  Is  built  of  Natco  tile    with  exterior  finLshed  with  a  stucco  o(    Atlas  Portland  cemeni 


THE  RESIDENT  VS.  THE  CORRESPONDENT 

ARCHITECT 

By  R.   M.  DUNBAR 


IT  is  purely  a  money  making  system, 
this  planning  houses  to  be  built  for 
some  one  whom  the  architect  knows  not 
and  on  sites  which  he  has  never  seen. 

There  are  several  firms,  however,  that 
offer  in  the  columns  of  the  current  mag- 
azines, upon  the  receipt  of  fifty  cents  or 
one  dollar,  to  send  one  a  book  in  which 
are  beautifully  rendered  cuts  of  houses 
which  might  be  built,  but  all  of  which 
have  a  price  above  which  the  cost  of 
their  erection  cannot  possibly  go. 

The  would-be  house  owner  is  expected, 
upon  receipt  of  the  book,  to  pick  from 
the  collection  a  picture  somewhat  re- 
sembling the  house  which  he  is  in  hope 
of  building  for,  say,  $3,500. 

He  then  carries  the  book  around  for 
three  or  four  days  getting  the  opinions 
of  his  friends,  supposing,  of  course,  that 
he  has  them.  Finally,  though,  he  gets 
out  another  kind  of  book,  a  check  book, 
and  sends  the  amount  which  is  always  to 
be  found  in  big  black  type  underneath 
each  picture,  and  for  which  he  is  to  get 
plans  and  specifications  complete  for 
house  No.  284. 

Well,  we  will  suppose  he  receives  the 
plans,  etc.,  by  return  mail.  He  calls  on 
his  contractor  friend,  the  same  evening 
and  after  a  glance  at  the  plans  and  a  few 
figures,  this  gentleman  announces  that 
the  house  could  not  possibly  be  built  for 
less  than  $4,500,  more  likely  touching 
$5,000. 

Utterly  disgusted  with  this  man  as  a 
friend,  our  hero  travels  to  another  of  his 
contractor  friends.  This  man  takes  the 
plans  to  figure,  as  he  tells  Mr.  Owner 
that  thing  might  possibly  be  built  for 
that  figure. 


Our  friend  walks  home  that  night  and 
by  the  time  he  reaches  his  door  has  just 
about  come  to  the  conclusion  that  leaded 
glass  in  the  basement  windows  would 
look  nice,  especially  in  summer. 

The  next  evening  arrives  and  with  it 
comes  contractor  No.  2.  "I've  figured 
pretty  close,  Mr.  Owner,  and  I  guess  by 
using  No.  2  hemlock  for  Norway  pine 
for  the  rough  lumber  we  can  make  it  for 
$3,500." 

They  go  inside  and  from  behind  nice 
black  cigars  they  make  several  changes 
in  the  specifications. 

First  they  change  the  front  stairs  from 
oak  to  Southern  pine;  also,  wherever 
stone  is  mentioned,  the  contractor  confi- 
dently explains  that  concrete  should  have 
been  specified.  Out  goes  the  stone.  Ce- 
ment wainscoting  in  the  bathroom  is 
changed  to  wooden  and  4-inch  siding 
gives  place  to  5-inch,  and  then  they  come 
to  the  plumbing. 

Lead  pipe  was  a  nuisance,  the  owner 
was  informed,  because  it  would  sag  with 
age;  so  iron  pipe  goes  in,  and  then,  too, 
there  was  absolutely  no  use  of  wiping 
the  joints.  "No?"  All  right.  The  pencil 
puts  that  away. 

When  all  these  and  some  other  minor 
changes  had  been  taken  care  of,  and 
after  assuring  our  friend  that  he  prob- 
ably could  keep  inside  of  $3,500,  the 
thrifty  contractor  left  with  the  specifica- 
tions, however,  safe  in  his  pocket. 

The  owner  got  his  house,  which 
though  only  four  years  old,  is  steadily 
falling  apart;  doors  refuse  to  stay  shut, 
and  all  through  he  sees  the  result  of  let- 
ting the  specifications  remain  in  the  con- 
tractor's pocket.     Besides    the    contract 


price,  the  contractor  found  it  necessary 
to  add  some  extras  which  amounted  to 
about  $200. 

Another  friend,  not  quite  so  certain  as 
to  the  kind  of  a  house  that  he  preferred, 
went  to  a  resident  architect,  and  after  a 
talk,  received  some  sketches  which  with 
a  few  changes  became  blue  prints. 

He  also  received,  as  did  our  other 
friend,  a  set  of  plans  and  specifications, 
but  he  kept  them,  bothered  not  a  bit 
about  the  contractors,  and  once  or  twice 


during  the  construction  went  out  and 
looked  it  over.  In  the  end,  although  it 
cost  him  a  triAe  more  for  the  architect's 
fee,  on  the  other  hand  he  has  a  home  of 
which  he  may  well  be  proud  and  certain 
is  he  that  the  first  hard  wind  will  not 
blow  it  to  pieces. 

There  were  two  other  men  who  builded 
their  homes,  many  years  ago,  one  on  the 
sand  and  the  other  on  the  rocks.  The 
water  came  and  washed  the  sand  away, 
but  the  rocks  held  finn. 


NORTH    SIDE    BOAUD    OP    TRADE,    THIRD   AVENUE    ENTRANCE). 
Builders:   American   Real  Estate   Company.  Albert  E.   Davis.  Arc 

PlumbtnK,  HcBtInK  and  VentllatLng::  Georee  P.  Morell. 
Interior    Marble:    Ceramic    Marble    Works. 
Painting   und   Decorating:   JoBtph   HllbrlnK. 


BUILDING   FOR  THE  NORTH   SIDE   BOARD  OF 
TRADE 

ALBERT  E.  DAVIS,  Archilect 


THE  Norlh  Side  Board  of  Trade 
Building  is  located  at  the  junc- 
tion of  Third  and  Lincoln  avenues  and 
137th  street  in  the  Borough  of  the 
Bronx.  Its  excellent  site  was  well  taken 
advantage  of  by  the  architect  in  his 
original  designs,  and  the  finished  build- 
ing, tiiough  differing  in  minor  details,  is 
<-.  very  creditable  piece  of  work.  Mr. 
Albert  K.  Davis,  the  architect,  was  a 
founder  of  the  North  Side  Board  of 
Trade,  and  it  is  very  largely  due  to  his 
personal  efTorls  ihat  the  building  was 
constructed. 

The  illustration  of  the  entrance  shown 
is  that  facing  Third  avenue.  This  same 
treatment  is  repeated  for  the  entrance 
on  Lincoln  avenue,  and  a  variation  of 


the  treatment  is  presented  in  the  central 
entrance  to  the  store  which  faces  upon 
the  Plaza.  The  two  side  entrances  lead 
through  marble  vestibules  to  a  twin  ■ 
stairway  which  leads  up  through  the 
central  rear  portion  ol  the  building  to 
the  Board  of  Trade  Room  on  the  third 
or  top  floor.  .At  this  level  a  lobby  sur- 
niounted  by  a  dome  containing  a  3ky- 
light,  precedes  the  entrance  to  the  Board 
Room  itself. 

The  American  Real  Estate  Company 
built  the  building ;  George  P.  Morell  did 
the  plumbing  and  installed  the  heating 
and  ventilating  system:  Joseph  Hilbring 
did  the  decorating,  and  the  interior  mar- 
blework  was  done  by  the  Cerussi  Marble 
Works. 


NORTH  SIDE   ItOAHl)  OP  TRADE. 


THK  THIRD  AVENUE  FACADE. 

Albert  E.   n:ivi«,  Archlle 


S  la 


OSe' 


HOTEL  ROGERS,  LEBANON.  N.  H. 


HOTEL  ROGERS.   LEBANON,    N,   H. 
Bulldar:    W.  Sheltnn  Swallow  Co.  Fax   &   Bliby,    Arcbltecti. 

Star  Bxpanslon  Bolts  Used. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


CHl'IW'H  OF  THE  SACRRO  HEART.  I6»TH  STRERT  AND  SHAKBSPBARB  AVENUE. 
NEW    YORK, 
naprato  Statuary  Company.  BllloU  Lynch,    Archltecl 

llpctrtc  Mfg.   Co. 


Plumblnfi:  ^^ 
SwUchboardf 
SlaltiPd   Oiafl 


ind  StBtloni 
am  .1.  Plynl 
rptropoUlan 


CHURCH  OF  THE  SACRED  HEART 


ELLIOTT  LYNCH,  Architect 


THE  church  of  the  Sacred  Heart, 
with  its  adjoining  rectory,  is  a  good 
example  of  what  may  be  developed  in 
church  planning  upon  a  city  lot.  The 
church  proper  is  at  a  level,  a  story  above 
the  street,  and  approached  by  a  wide 
flight  of  steps  with  a  double  entrance 
way.  A  vestibule  with  baptistry  to  one 
side  and  stairs  to  the  choir  loft  to  the 
other  precedes  the  nave.  The  aisles  are 
reduced  to  narrow  passageways,  merely 
furnishing  access  to  the  seats.  As  the 
sanctuary  is  approached,  the  church  in- 
creases in  width,  forming  shallow 
transepts.  To  either  side  behind  the 
side  altars,  are  sacristries. 

The  parish  house  adjoins  the  church 
with  a  connecting  passage  through  the 


baptistry;  its  plan  is  clearly  shov 
the  exterior  the  same  building  i 
is  used,  a  white  marble  such  as  tl 
in  the  New  York  Public  Library 

The  builder  of  this  church  w< 
cross  Bros.  Company.  The  1 
Statuary  Company  made  the 
altars,  which  are  richly  carved, 
marble  railing  which  extends 
across  the  church.  They  also  con; 
the  statues  and  the  Stations  of  thi 
which  are  in  full  relief. 

The  stained  glass  windows  wei 
by  F.  X.  Zettler  of  the  Royal  B 
Art  Institute  of  Munich. 

The  plumber  was  William  J. 
and  the  Metropolitan  Electric  M 
turing  Co.  supplied  tlie  switchbc 


t  Lynch.  Archl 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Otis  Elevators 

The  achievement  of  this  Company  in  perfecting  the  highest  type  of  elevators 
has  gained  for  our  product  reo^nition  as  the  standard  of  excellence  throughout 
the  civilized  world,  and  it  is  but  fitting  tribute  to  their  superior  quality  that  Otis 
Elevators  have  been  chosen  for  many  of  the  palatial,  world-renowned  Hotels 
and   Apartment   Houses  of  this  country  and  abroad ;  in  which  are  included 

Hotel  Shernnn.  Chicaao  Hotel  Rili-Cailton,  Ne»  York  Rector  5  Hold,  N>*  York 


Y^ 


urgh.  Pa. 


and  hundreds  of  others  equally  well  known. 

Back  of  our  product  ia  over  fiftjr-five  yta.n'  experience  and  success  In  Bolvjng  all  kinds  of 
•levator  problems.  We  build  all  Idnds  of  passenger  and  frelghl  elevators  for  every  purpose — for 
everjr  kind  of  power.     Otis  Elevators  have  demonstrated  the;  are — 

Unequaled  for 
Quality,  Safety 

Efficiency, 
Economy,  and 

Durability 

Otis  Elevators  should  be 
used  for  modernizing  old  build- 
ings and  for  insuring  the 
greatest  convenience,  safety, 
economy  and  satisfaction  in  the 


Otis  Elevator 
Company 

Eleventh  Avv.  and 

Twenty -all  th  Street 

New  York 

OtflCM  In  all  Principal  CIHm 


Advertisements. — When  writing  Advertlasrs.  please  n 


>cture  ana  Building. 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


MODERN     PRACTICAL    DESIGN    by    G. 
Wooliscroft     Rhead.      Cloth,     Illustrated. 
London:      B.    T.    Baisford.      New    York: 
Chas.  Scribners  Sons.     Price,  $3  net. 
This    is   a    beautifully   and    profusely    illus- 
trated volume  which  seems  to  have  been  writ- 
ten as  a  sort  of  elaborate  text  book.     In  the 
author's  preface  he  points  out  the  distinction 
that   is   commonly   made   between   the   pictor:)! 
or  so-called  "fine  arts"  and  the  applied  arts.  It 
is  the   latter   division   which   forms   the   theme 
of  this  book.     Chapters  are  given  which  treat 
of  almost  every  variety  of  applied  ornament. 
The  first  chapter  of  the  book,  which  the  author 
calls   "plant   form   as   the   basis   of  ornament," 
13    a   kind    of    treatise    in    elementary    botany, 
which    is    a    subject    somewhat    neglected    by 


ind  di 


I  general   rule.  This 


chapter,  however,  is  too  condensed  to  give 
much  knowledge  of  botany,  and  treats  more 
particularly  of  the  application  of  plant  forms 
to  design.  There  is  a  chapter  on  wall  papers 
and  fabrics;  one  on  book  decoration,  and  it 
may  be  mentioned  that  the  book  itself  is  a 
beautiful  example  of  this  branch  of  decoration. 
Besides  the  illustrations,  oi  tin,  i^vt  theie.  is 
a  cleverly  designed  title  page,  and  two  chap- 
ters, one  of  which  is  under  discussion,  are 
headed  with  an  appropriate  ornamental  ini- 
tial. This  chapter  deals  briefly,  among  other 
things,  of  the  subjects  of  bookplates,  illus- 
tration of  books  and  the  methods  of  obtain- 
ing it,  and  a  very  brief  description  of  the 
process  of  half-tone  engravings  is  given.  There 
are  chapters  on  stained  glass,  pottery,  metal 
work  and  jewelry,  woodwork  and  carving,  em- 
broidery, etc,  fans  and  lace  and  posters, 

FIRE    PREVENTION    AND    FIRE    PRO- 
TECTION.     By    jos.    Kendall     Freitag. 
B.    S.    C.    E.      John    Wiley    &   Sons,    New 
York,     Pocket-book  size,  4x7  inches;  semi- 
flexible  leather;   1,038  pages.     Price,  $4-00 
net. 
This  book  presents  to  the  architect  a  tech- 
nical book  on  elemental  and   secondary  fire- 
proofing  for  buildings.     The  author  presents 
the  subject  in  six  parts. 

The  first  part  deals  with  fire  prevention  and 
fire  protection,  treating  of  fire  losses  and  to 
a  considerable  extent  with  the  insurance  prob- 
lems involved.  It  also  treats  in  a  final  chap- 
ter of  mill  construction. 

The  second  pari  treats  of  fire  tests  and  ma- 
terials, telling  of  various  testing  stations  and 
fire-resisting  buildings  which  have  furnished 
instructive  information.  A  further  chapter 
deals  with  materials  of  fire-resisting  construc- 


J.tie  tnird  part  relers  to  hre-resistmg  design 
and  lays  emphasis  upon  the  value  of  correct 
general  design  and  good  planning  as  a  very 
essential  feature  in  resisting  fire.  This  por- 
tion of  the  work  is  descriptive  and  well  illus- 
trated by  many  of  the  appliances  which  are  in 
common  use  in  our  fireproof  buildings. 

The  fourth  part  of  the  book  refers  to  fire- 
resisting  construction  and  takes  up  terra-cotli 
floors,  girder  protection,  concrete  floors  and 
reinforced  concrete  and  combination  terti- 
cotta  and  concrete  floors.  It  also  refers  to 
wall  construction,  roofs,  suspended  ceihng; 
and  furring. 

The  fifth  part  deals  with  special  struciurei 
and  features.  There  is  an  application  of  fire- 
proof construction  in  theatres,  schools,  resi- 
dences, factories,  garages,  safes,  vaults  and 
special  hazards. 

The  last  part  of  the  book  deals  with  auxil- 
iary equipment  and  safeguards.  There  is  » 
short  review  of  the  fire-tighting  devices  which 
may  be  installed  in  any  building,  automatic 
sprinkler  systems,  standpipe  and  hose;  the 
necessity  of  private  fire  departments,  fire 
drills  for  employees  and  the  inspection  and 
maintenance  of  fire  protective  devices. 

Briefly  the  book  presents  a  very  interesting 
and  instructive  review  of  the  present  standing 
of  fireproof  construction  and  fire  proteclivt 
methods.  It  will  be  of  undoubted  value  to  the 
architect  and  is  a  book  that  should  find  a  pUce 
in  every  architect's  library. 

HENDRICKS'  COMMERCIAL  REGISTER 
OF     THE     UNITED     STATES     FOR 
BUYERS  AND  SELLERS.     S.  E.  Hend- 
ricks Company,  New  York.     Cloth.  8x10, 
1,900  pages.     Price,  $10.00,    postage  pre- 
paid. 
The   continuous   growth   of   the   Commerical 
Register  is   evidenced   in   the   present  volume. 
If  we  refer  to  the  previous  issues,  we  will  find 
a  doubling  of  the  number  of  classifications  in 
a  period  of  seven  years.     The  present  edition 
contains   over   50,000   classifications,   requiring 
an   index   of   122   pages.     The   fifteenth  arnu»l 
edition  required  an  index  of  62  pages,  having 
a  little   more   than   half   the   number  of  classi- 
fications.    The  scope  of  the  work  has  greatly 
increased.     In  fact,  it  has  grown  with  the  in- 
dustries which  it  classifies.     As   they  have  in- 
creased in  magnitude  and  developed  new  prod- 
ucts, so  has  the  Register  increased.     Practic- 
ally every  machine,  tool,  specialty  or  materiil 
is  listed.     For  building  and  construction  tbere 
is  a  heading  for  every  material,  specialty,  ap- 
paratus,   machine  or   tool   required,   with  the 
names  of  the  firms  who  supply   them  under 
the  headings.     For  the  drafting  room,  for  the 
architect   and    engineer,    for   contractors,  and 
for  the  electrical  trade,  heating  and  ventilat- 
ing, plumbing  work,   concrete   work,  and  for 
(Continued  on  page  40.) 


Advert iBoments. — When  wrltlnK  Advertlgern,  plsaae  mention  Architecture  and  BulldlDg. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Advertfaempnta— When  writing  Advertisers,  plee 


Art  and  Architecture 

Editorial  from  "Republic,"  St.  Louis,  October 
8,   1912. 

For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  Ameri- 
can Architecture  a  State  Capitol  design  has 
been  selected  in  conformity  with  the  rules  of 
the  American  Institute  of  Architects.  Never 
was  there  a  competition  more  impartial.  The 
preliminary  competition  brought  forth  sketches 
of  sixly-nine  different  buildings.  From  among 
these  ten  were  selected  by  a  jury  of  experts. 
An  examination  was  made  into  the  profes- 
sional  and  business  standing  of  the  ten  firms 
so  honored  and  an  honorarium  paid  to  cover 
the  cost  of  production  of  complete  designs. 

The  three  architectural  experts  elected 
from  the  Institute  and  the  four  Capitol  Com- 
missioners were  a  unit  in  the  choice  of  the  suc- 
cessful design.  No  one  of  the  Commissioners 
knew  when  the  final  choice  was  made  whose 
design   they  were   approving. 

In  this  important  matter,  of  deep  interest  to 
every  citizen  of  the  State,  Missouri  has  set  an 
example  to  the  country.  It  is  under  such  con- 
ditions that  great  buildings  are  produced  and 
truly  monumental  architecture  made  possible. 
In  view  of  the  history  of  the  selection  of  de- 
signs for  the  Statehouses  of  certain  western 
Commonwealths,  the  action  of  the  Slate  Cap- 
itol Commission  appears  the  most  admirable. 
— St.  Louis  Republic. 

The  Journal  of  the  American  Institute  of 
Architects  is  about  to  appear  as  a  monthly 
publication,  and  its  field  is  to  be  broadened. 
The  editorship  is  to  be  in  the  hands  of  D. 
Knickerbacker  Boyd,  and  it  is  the  purpose  of 
the  Institute  to  publish  a  dignified  and  serious 
technical  journal  supported  by  contributed 
articles,  both  short  and  continued,  on  tech- 
nical subjects  and  matters  ot  professional  in- 
terest. It  will  continue  its  present  position  as 
the  official  organ  of  the  Institute  and  will 
serve  as  a  medium  for  the  interchange  of 
thoughts,  as  well  as  the  interesting  opinions 
between  the  various  members. 

In  a  recent  editorial  in  the  New  York 
Times,  attention  was  called  to  the  building  of 
the  new;  Imperial  Capital  of  India  at  Delhi. 
What  architectural  style  will  be  adopted  is 
difficult  to  prophesy.  There  is  a  cry  of  "Indian 
architecture  for  India,"  but  shall  this  be  Mos- 
lem, Hindu,  or  another  from  the  gamut  o( 
styles  for  which  there  is  precedent  in  the  In- 
dian Empire.  Mr.  Albert  Baker  suggests  the 
grafting  on  of  the  nobler  features  of  Indian 
architecture  to  the  classic  styles  of  Inigo 
Jones  and  Sir  Christopher  Wren.  "To  the 
■'    :  power  must  be  added  sanity 


of  judgment,"  he  further  insists.  If  this  Ust 
result  is  really  obtained  we  may  look  for 
something  really  worth  while,  but  a  hetero- 
geneous jumble  of  elephants  and  many-armd 
Sivas  with  Corinthian  columns  and  egg-and- 
dart  mouldings  might  produce  a  really  as- 
tounding efTect. 

The  New  York  Water  Color  Club  is  now 
holding  its  twenty-third  annual  exhibition  at 
the  Fine  Arts  Building  in  57th  street. 

The  south  and  middle  galleries  are  well  filled 
and  the  general  impression  a  pleasing  one. 

The  adapatabilily  of  water  color  as  a  medi- 
um in  rendering  architectural  subjects  is 
brought  out  in  a  number  of  pictures  wbich 
can  be  counted  among  the  best  in  the  exhibi- 
tion. Among  them  are  Birge  Harrison'i 
"Twenty-third  St.  Morning,"  and  "Twilight  in 
Madison  Sq.;"  Edmund  Garrett's  "The  Old 
Homestead;"  Lesley  Jackson's  "A  Coloniil 
Doorway";  Paul  ShurtlefTs  "Pont  Neuf,"  ind 
Paula  Himmelsbach's  little  sketch  of  a  church 
in  Athens.  There  are  portraits  and  impersonal 
figure  studies  of  good  form  and  much  inter- 
est, many  landscapes  of  Nature's  many  moods, 
and  picturesque  renderings  of  fanciful  sub- 
jects, exploiting  some  whim  of  the  artistic 
mind,  which  give  variety  and  attractiveness  to 
the  exhibition  as  a  whole. 

A  specially  appointed  committee  of  the  Na- 
tional Conference  on  City  Planning  is  to  con- 
duct this  year  a  study  in  city  planning,  taking 
an  area  of  the  outskirts  of  a  growing  city  ol 
about  200,000  or  300,000  population.  The  it- 
scription  of  the  area  and  the  details  of  Ihe 
study  may  be  had  on  application  to  the  secre- 
tary of  the  conference,  Flavel  Shurtleft,  1' 
Congress  Street,  Boston. 

Avery  Architectural  Library. 

The  new  Avery  Library  building  at  Colum- 
bia University  has  been  formally  occupied  and 
opened.  It  is  the  gift  of  Samuel  Pninam 
Avery,  Jr.,  and  is  occupied  by  the  Avety 
Architectural  Library  and  by  the  School  oi 
Architecture. 

The  first  and  mezzanine  floors  are  devoted 
to  the  library  and  reading  room,  which,  with 
stacks  in  the  basement,  will  make  provision 
tor  60,000  volumes. 

The  upper  floors  at  present  provide  lecture 
and  drafting  rooms  and  ofiices  for  the  School 
of  Architecture. 

The  jury  appointed  by  the  Court  House 
Board  to  select  designs  submitted  in  the  first 
stage  of  the  competition  for  the  new  Court 
House  in  New  York  has  chosen  ten  success- 
ful competitors,  who  are  as  follows:  Howdli 
&  Stokes,  Maynicke  &  Franke,  Chas.  C 
Haight,  A.  M.  C-ithcns.  Aymar  Embury,  Grif- 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


21 


ENGINEERS'     DIRECTORY 


Francis  W.  Collins 

Assoc*  MMiia  A>  S*  G*  £• 
Mom*  A«  !■  Ma  B* 

CONSULTING 

ENGINEER 

50  CHURCH  ST.,  HUDSON  TERMINAL 
NEW  YORK  CITY 

Inveetigadons,  Valuations, 
Sdentiflc  Organization  and  Management 


=a 


Thomas  Bruce  Boyd 

Bank  Equipment  Specialist 

286   Fifth   Avenue 

New  York 

Telephone  Madison  Square  6681 


fin  &  Wynkoop,  K.  M.  Murchison,  Howard 
Greenley,  Wilder  &  White,  Shire  &  Kaufman, 
Walker  &  Gillette,  Geo.  &  Edward  Blum,  Guy 

Lowell. 

These  ten  men  were  selected  from  among 
forty-seven  architects  who  competed.  The 
jury  consisted  of  Robert  S.  Peabody,  Frank 
Miles  Day  and  John  Lawrence  Mauran.  These 
architects  now  have  the  privilege  of  compet- 
ing with  the  architects  who  were  originally 
invited  to  submit  plans  without  competition. 
These  were:  McKim,  Mead  &  White;  Carr^re 
&  Hastings;  LaFarge  &  Morris;  Tracy,  Swart- 
wout  &  Litchfield;  James  Riely  Gordon;  H.  V. 
Magonigle;  York  &  Sawyer;  Charles  But- 
ler &  Charles  Morris,  Associated;  Trowbridge 
&  Livingston;  A.  W.  Brunner;  Cass  Gilbert, 
and  George  B.  Post  &  Sons. 


THE  ELECTRICAL  EXHIBITION  AND 
AUTOMOBILE  SHOW  OF  1912. 
To  observe  the  progress  of  electrical  inven- 
tion even  over  the  period  of  a  year,  is  worth 
while,  and  those  who  visited  the  Electrical 
Show  undoubtedly  accomplished  what  they 
sought.  Electricity  as  it  is  applied  in  the 
household  and  for  commercial  uses  was  well 
exemplified.  The  exhibits  of  the  New  York 
Edison  Company  were  largely  educational 
and  the  comparisons  of  the  advancement  that 
has  been  made  in  the  electrical  equipment  of 
power  houses  was  illustrated  by  several  very 
instructive  models.     The  display  of  electrical 


HOWARD  M.  INGHAM 

MEM.  AM.  SOC.  M.  E. 

Industrial  Engineer 

SPECIALIST   IN    THE 
INSTALLATION   OF 

Simple y  Direct^  Effective  Methods 

of 
Office  Management 

i6o  FIFTH  AVE.,  NEW  YORK 


FREDERICK  S.  HOLMES 

Bank  Vault  Engineer 

2  Rector  Street,  New  York 


appliances  for  the  household— cooking  uten- 
sils, toilet  articles,  vacuum  cleaners,  massage 
vibrators  and  other  appliances — attracted 
large  crowds.  There  were  two  exhibits  of 
household  refrigerating  machines  which  while 
very  suitable  for  a  large  house  or  a  small  hotel, 
have  not  as  yet  reached  a  standard  of  per- 
fection suitable  for  a  modest  suourban  cot- 
tage. The  exhibits  of  storage  batteries,  auto- 
mobiles and  electrical  vehicles  formed  another 
department  that  attracted  the  eye  of  the  manu- 
facturer, as  did  also  the  many  mechanical  de- 
vices. The  United  States  Naval  Corps  had  a 
large  and  showy  exhibit 

The  Otis  Elevator  Company,  occupying  a 
space  opposite  the  entrance,  had  installed  one 
of  their  inclined  elevators,  and  had  it  in  oper- 
ation. Other  interesting  devices  were  to  be 
seen  in  the  exhibit  of  the  Nelson  Valve  Com- 
pany, which  displayed  some  large  mechanic- 
ally operated  valves.  From  the  standpoint  of 
electric  lighting  there  were  many  exhibits,  of 
which  the  tungsten  and  tantalum  lights  fur- 
nished a  brilliant  display.  A  new  carbon  fila- 
ment tube  lamp  was  exhibited — the  Rayline 
lamp — which  is  of  very  considerable  merit  and 
will  undoubtedly  come  into  extended  use. 
There  was  also  an  exhibit  by  the  Lighting 
Studios  Company  of  various  patterns  of  their 
shades  made  of  Doric  ware.  This  glass  gives 
very  great  efficiency  and  perfect  diffusion. 
The  beauty  of  its  effects,  both  plain  and  in 
alabaster  finish,  is  such  that  it  has  been 
adopted  in  many  important  buildings. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Fireproofing   and    Fire-Protection 

MR.  G.  H.  STEWART 


MR.   BOONE  ON   AUTOMATIC 
SPRINKLERS. 

An  interesting  talk  on  Automatic  Sprinkler 
Equipments  was  given  by  Mr.  E.  P.  Boone, 
Superintendent  of  the  Automatic  Sprinkler 
Department  of  the  New  York  Fire  Insurance 
Exchange,  on  Wednesday,  November  6,  1912, 
at  the  Insurance  Society  Library,  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Barebones  Alumni  Association 
of  New  York  University.  Mr.  Boone  supple- 
mented his  remarks  with  practical  stereopti- 
eon  views  which  helped  those  present  to  a 
very   clear  understanding  of   the   subject. 

There  were  about  one  hundred  men  present, 
representing,  for  the  most  part,  Ihe  insurance 
fraternity  and  men  of  letters  interested  in 
this   topic. 

The  speaker  handled  his  subject  in  a  non- 
technical manner  and  presented  a  chronolog- 
ical history  of  the  sprinkler  as  well  as  the 
present  day  practice. 

His  review  of  the  evolution  of  the  sprinkler 
head  was  of  great  interest,  as  it  showed  a 
wonderful  progress  in  this  essential  feature, 
from  the  Parmelce  head  in  1878  to  the  various 
models  of  1912. 

From  the  sprinkler  head.  Mr.  Boone  passed 
in  succession  to  the  nozzle  discharge  from 
various  heads,  dry  valves  and  their  operation, 
check  alarms,  pump  supplies  (sleani  and  elec- 
tric), tank  supplies,  pipe  sizes  and  pipe  ar- 
rangements for  car  barns,  for  storage  plants 
and  manufacturing  establishments,  exposure 
hazards,    open    sprinklers    and    sprinkler    fail- 

The  work  that  Mr.  Boone  is  engaged  in, 
that  of  supervising  the  sprinkler  installations 
throughout  New  York  and  Brooklyn,  makes 
him  particularly  fitted  to  tell  the  story. 


THE  FIRE  SHOW. 

The  date  of  the  Fire  Show  has  been  now 
definitely  set  as  the  21st  to  the  28th  of  De- 
cember, 1912,  in  Madison  Square  Garden.  New 
York.  A  large  number  of  exhibits  have  been 
assured  and  the  display  of  fire-fighting  appa- 
ratus in  actual  operation  with  life  saving  and 
safety  devices  will  assure  popularity  and  .1 
large  attendance.  We  have  announced  in  pre- 
vious issues  some  of  the  exhibitors  and  ih^ 
nature  of  Iheir  exhibts.  We  are  assured  thes." 
will  be  in  full  and  successful  operation. 

PROPOSED   FACTORY   BILLS. 

The  New  York  Stale  Factory  Investigating 

Commission   has   prepared   tentative   drafts  of 

a  number  of  bills  which  deal  with  the  subject 
of  fire  prevention  and  (ire  escapes  in  far- 
lories.  "Greater  New  York,"  the  journal  oi 
the  Mierchanls'  Association,  gives  the  follo*- 
ing  opinion: 

"The  bills  proposed  are  drastic  in  their  re- 
quirements and  are  of  the  utmost  importance 
to  the  factory  interests,  inasmuch  as  they  will 
require  extensive  and,  in  some  cases,  radi- 
cal reconstruction  of  existing  buildings.  They 
restrict  the  number  of  operatives  that  may 
be  employed  on  any  floor  in  a  factory  build- 
ing, regulate  the  placing  of  machinery,  tht 
arrangement  and  width  of  aisles,  the  size  and 
position  of  doors,  and  width  of  hallways  and 
stairways,  and  require  all  stairways  to  be  pro- 
tected by  fireproof  partitions  extending  from 
the  basement  lo  the  roof.  Minute  provision 
is  made  as  to  the  capacity  and  structural  char- 
acter of  fire  escapes,  the  number  and  arrange- 
ment of  exits,  and  the  safely  and  adequacy  of 
approaches  to  and  exits  from  the  foot  of  fire 
escapes  leading  lo  interior  spaces." 
(Continued  on  page  26.) 


FIRE  PROTECTION 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  Prices  on 

FIRE  APPLIANCES 


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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


THE  COPLEY-PLAZA,  BOSTON-NEW  ENGLAND^  FMEST  HOTEL 

Protected  from  Fire  by 


The  basement,  store  rooms,  kitchens  and  other  vulnerable  spots  in 
this  magnificent  structure  have  been  equipped  with  GRINNELLS, 
thus  making  a  serious  fire  virtually  impossible. 

These  sprinklers  pour  their  water  on  the  heart  of  an  Incipient  fire, 
and  drown  it  before  it  can  become  a  big  fire.  They  are  automatic — 
they  both  discover  the  fire,  and  put  it  oul. 

Send  for  little  book,  A  UTOMATIC  FIRE  PROTECTION 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co. 

EXECUTIVE  OFFICES  :   PROVIDENCE,  R.  I. 

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We  also  inilall  Sleam  and  Hot  Water  Heating  and  Power  Piping  Systerm. 


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e  H.nd  Building 


ROCKWOOD 

SAFETY  LOOP 

SPRINKLER 


THE   TWO  HALVES   OF   THE 
STRUT     SOLDERED     TO-  STRUT  SPRINQ  APART OUr 

AETHER.  AFTER  THE  LUMP  OF  SOLD- 

ER IS  MELTED  AWAY   HMMI 
THE  LOOP. 


THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  UNIQUE  IN  THAT  THE  TWO  PARTS 
OF  THE  SOLDERED  LINK  ARE  HELD  TOGETHER,  NOT  MERELY  BY  A 
SWEATED  SOLDERED  JOINT,  BUT  BY  COVERING  THE  END  OF  TME 
LEVER  WITH  A  SMALL  PIECE  OF  SOLDER  WHICH  IS  MECHANICALLY 
BOUND  TO  THE  STRUT  BY  A  LOOP  OF  WIRE  RIVETED  THROUGH  ONE 
PART  OF  THE  LINK. 

THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  THE  ONLY  APPROVED  HEAD  THAT 
IS  INCAPABLE  OF  OPENING  ITSELF  BY  THE  BREAKING  OF  THE  SOLDERED 
JOINT,  WHICH    MUST   ABSOLUTELY    MELT    TO    OPEN.     IT   IS  THUS   IN    A 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Cheapnemg  often 
determines  the  Archi- 
tect's orOwner'sdeci- 
sion  in  selecting  build- 
ing materials,  but 
there  are  three  factors 
which  are  of  infinitely 
greater  importance, 
to  be  considered : 

Darability 
Strength 

and 
A  ttractivenea* 


KOCH  OFFICE  BUILDING,  WARREN,  OHIO 


Write  for  new  edition  catalogue  and  miniature  samples  of  our 
Enameled  Brick  in  standard  colors, 

American  Enameled  Brick  &  Tile  Co.  na: 


The  original  and  oldest  real  estate  corporation  in  New  York.  Founded  18t  1 
withcapitalof  $100,000;  present  assets  (January  1st,   1012)  124,134,240.39. 

Owners  of  high  grade  business  and  apartment  buildings  in  Manhatta  i 
and  The  Bronx. 

Developers  of  the  extensive  Areco  district  and  the  new  Watson  Arec  ) 
district  in  The  Bronx. 

Developers  of  the  exclusive  residential  suburb,  Park-Hi U -on -the- Hud soi , 
Yonkers. 

In  the  continuance  of  its  business  along  the  successful  lines  of  the  last  twenty  ■ 
five  years,  the  Company  offers  to  investors  its  6%  Gold  Bonds,  issued  in  thes  i 
two  forms : 


fi%  Coupon  Bonds 

For  those  who  wish  to  invest  SlOO,  t-500, 
$1000,  etc.  Interest  payable  semi-annually 
by  coupons. 


ft%  Accumulative  Bonds 

For  those  who  wish  to  save  $25  or  more  a  yea 
and  accumulate  $1000  and  upward.  Intercut 
compounded  atti%  annually. 


Complete  information  regarding  real  estate,  rentals  and  Bond  investmentii 
vill  be  furnished  on  inqtiiry. 


527  FIFTH  AVENUE 


irc  and  Building, 


ROCKWOOD 

SAFETY  LOOP 

SPRIHKLER 


THE   ¥W0  HALVES   OF   THE  PAIITl   OF    THE    SOLAEKB 

STRUT     COLDERCD     TO-  STflUT  ITMHO  AFARTOMLf 

QCTHKR.  AFTER  THE  LUMP  OF  MLB- 

EH  IS  MBI.TED  AWAY   FIMM 


THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  UNIQUE  IN  THAT  THE  TWO  PARTS 
OF  THE  SOLDERED  LINK  ARE  HELD  TOGETHER,  NOT  MERELY  BY  A 
SWEATED  SOLDERED  JOINT,  BUT  BY  COVERING  THE  END  OF  THE 
LEVER  WITH  A  SMALL  PIECE  OF  SOLDER  WHICH  IS  MECHANICALLY 
BOUND  TO  THE  STRUT  BY  A  LOOP  OF  WIRE  RIVETED  THROUGH  ONE 
PART  OF  THE  LINK. 

THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  THE  ONLY  APPROVED  HEAD  THAT 
IS  INCAPABLE  OF  OPENING  ITSELF  BY  THE  BREAKING  OF  THE  SOLDERED 
JOINT,  WHICH  MUST  ABSOLUTELY  MELT  TO  OPEN.  IT  IS  THUS  IN  A 
CLASS   BY  ITSELF,  SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS. 


ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  CO. 

OF  MASSACHUSETTS 

MANUFACTURERS,  ENGINEERS   AND    CONTRACTORS  FOR  COM- 
PLETE SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENTS  USING  WET  OR  DRY  SYSTEMS. 

38  HARLOW  STREET  WORCESTER,  IWASS. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND 


Fire  Protection 


UNEcit  Fn  EqiBir 
toKiai    cJ    life    ud 

"Simmona" 
Sitmew 
Connectlonr 

lob  la  Bn.  or  Ire- 
nd     Fm     [)<i>utD 


By  inaalUiw  ■- 


John  & 

102-110  Centr 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Tbc  Annual  Fire  Waste  in  the  V. 
79%  of  this  lou  la  preventable  and  can 


$23«,0M,0M. 
be  aaved  by  the  uae  of 


It  Is  estimated  that 


AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  PROTECTION 

Our  business  Is  the  installation  of  Automatic  Sprinkler  protection;  a  complete 
fire  fifthdnft  apparatus,  opoatlng  automatically  and  only  where  the  fire  Is  located. 

"AUTOMATIC"  SPRINKLER  CO.  OF  AMERICA 

Executive  OGBc«« 

123  WILLIAM  STREET  (Undenrrltw  Bldtf.).  NEW  YORK  CITY 

Department  Offices,  In  Large  Cldes 


S.  _H.  JTOMEROY  CO,^  toi: 

Huiiilachirers  ol  Fire  Windom 

427  Waat  13th  SirHt.  New  YorH 

nt"l»d  bV'nn  DcptSa  llE^tlDrnni  Knirtllty*. '' 


KALAMEIN 
WORK  IN 
COPPER 
BRONZE 

AND  IRON 

Knoburn 
Company 

KALAMEm 
DOORS 

FIRE 

UNDER  WRITEI 

WORK 

A  SPECIALTY 

Office  and  Factory 

366  14th  St. 
HOBOKEN,  N.  J. 

Advertiaements.— When  writing  Advertisers,  please  n 


and  Building. 


STATEMENT  OF  THE  OWNERSHIP, 
MANAGEMENT.  CIRCULATION.  ETC^ 
OF    ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 

published   monthly,  at    New   York.   N.   Y..  re- 
quired  by  ihe  Act  of  August  24lh.  1912: 
Editor,  William  P.  Comstock. 

23  Warren  St..  S.  Y. 
Managing  Editor,  William  P.  Comstock, 

23  Warren  St..  X.  Y 
Business  Manager,  F.  C.  Kruinm. 

23  Warren  St..  N,  Y. 
Publisher.  The  William  T.  Comstock  Co., 

23  Warren  St..  N.  Y. 
Owners: 

William  P.  Comstock,  77  Broad  St.,  Kfw 
ark,  N.  J.;  F.  C.  Krumm,  47  Ocean  \-iew  Ave,. 
Woodhaven,  N.  Y,:  E.  L.  Comslock,  479  Pros- 
pect PI..  Brooklyn.  N,  Y.;  E.  A.  Comstock,  m 
Prospect  Pl„  Brooklyn,  N,  Y,;  C.  M.  Com- 
stock. 479  Prospect  PL,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y.;  Ida 
P.  Comstock,  20  Park  St..  Nashua.  N.  H.;  Ida 
C.  Comstock,  30  St.  Nicholas  PI..  New  York 
City;  Elizabeth  T.  Comstock.  30  St.  Nicholas 
PI.,   New  York  Cily, 

bondholders,    mortgagees,    and   oiher 


security  hold* 
of    total 


holding  1  per  cent,  t 
(   bonds,    mortgages,  ' 

;  Noi 


F.  C.  KRUMM, 

Business   Manager, 
Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  me  this  30lh 
day   of  Sept,,   1912, 
J.  G.  BOSWORTH. 


iMy 


N,  P, 


,  1913.) 


TO   A   THOUGHTFUL   READER. 

You  have  just  perused,  or  at  least,  we  hop* 
ycu  have  or  you  are  going  to,  the  pages  which 
crmprise  the  central  portion  of  this  magazine. 
There  are  illustrated  build.ngs  of  several 
classes  which  represent  a  very  considerable 
outlay  of  capital  for  their  construction.  Thef 
are  all  of  them  designed  to  accommodate  largi 
numbers  of  people  at  one  time  and  they  a" 
supposedly  of  fire-resistant  construction,  safe- 
guarded in  every  way  to  prevent  panic  or  loss 
of  life  among  the  occupants,  A  great  hotel, 
for  instance,  that  accommodates  hundreds  and 
perhaps  thousands  of  guests,  a  church  suiftil 
for  a  great  and  crowded  congregation;  hoif 
well  are  these  buildings  provided  for  in  case  o: 
fire?  And  how  much  belter  miflit  they  have 
been  protected? 

The  fireproof  shell  if  filled  with  wooden  trim 
and  combustible  material,  is  just  an  oven  to 
consume  the  contents,  provided  a  lire  gels  sui- 
ficient  headway.  One  source  of  danger  can 
easily  be  remedied  and  for  this  purpose  Dahl- 
strom  hollow  metal  doors  were  invented,  de- 
veloped and  placed  on  the  market.  Long  use 
has  provided  their  success  and  for  the  pro- 
tection of   contents  as  well  as   the  oceupani?. 

(Continued  on   page   30.) 
pleaee  mention  Arctiltectur?  Rnd  BuildLnc, 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Thomas  Morton, 

169  Elm  Street,  New  York. 


Copper  Cable 
Stool  " 

Champion  Motel 
Stool  Champion 


It^mptonM^i  I  SASH  CHAINS. 


pil  1  mC  Fir  tiiMjfigjMBrJi'p.  IMb.  Kb 


I  tadSiwMoniinun. 


With  LOCKWOOD  \ 

MABufkctimil  hf  Lackwsail  Mfi.  Co.,  So.  Nojwalt, 

HARDWARE  AGENCY  CO. 

k  224 

lUT  (or  this  building  furnished  through  C.  M.  Hildreth  &  So 


AdvertlsemenU.— When   writing  Advertisers,   please  mention  Archltectur 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


It  replaces  wood  stick  for  st 
superstructuresofresidc  nces  an 
siied  buildings— is  used  suco 
conjunction  vrith  structural  ste 
buildings. 

Metal  Joists  can  be  used  wit 
tenor  wall  construction  ani 
a  shock.proof  and  non-combi 
perstructure  that  is  practic: 
struct!  ble. 


THE, 

Berger  Mfg.  Co. 


a  complete  equipment  of  Dahlstrom  hollow 
metal  doors,  windows  and  trim  is  a  very  wise 
and  good  investment.  In  finish,  no  objection 
can  be  raised  to  the  hollow  metal  door,  for  so 
cleverly  is  its  baked-on  enamel  grained  that 
the  finest  wood  door  is  imitated  so  well  as  to 
deceive  the  eye  of  an  expert. 

For  the  protection  of  contents  we  may  be 
accused  of  being  radical,  but  we  do  not  be- 
lieve that  the  automatic  sprinkler  is  such  an 
offensive  thing-,  and  in  time,  we  believe  that 
aesthetic  prejudices  will  be  overcome  and  the 
sprinkler  head  will  take  its  place  among  ceiling 
decorations  in  our  most  elaborate  buildings. 

The  H.  W.  Johns-Manville  Company  hare 
opened  a  new  water- proofing  department  under 
the  management  of  Mr.  W.  H.  Lawrence. 
This  department  is  to  devote  its  energies  spe- 
cially to  the  water-proofing  necessary  in  build- 
ing construction,  and  we  have  no  doubt  thii 
it  will  be  efficiently  and  ndvantageously  oper- 
ated. 

WOMAN  TO  FIGURE  IN  FIRE  SHOW. 

The  importance  of  women  as  a  factor  in  fire 
prevention  will  be  an  important  phase  in  the 
organization  work  of  the  Fire  Show,  which, 
Dec.  21  to  28,  inclusive,  will  occupy  Madison 
Square  Garden,  Domestic  tire  prevention  is 
rapidly  being  reduced  to  a  science  by  expert 
specialists,  and  through  women's  influence 
with  women,  children  and  servants  dissemi- 
nated at  the  Fire  Show,  thousands  will  be  edu- 
cated and  endowed  with  the  proverbial  ounce 
of  (ire  prevention.  Good  housekeeping  with 
its  inclusive  of  neatness  and  cleanliness  means 
the  absence  of  inflammable  rubbish  in  corners. 
closets,  and  out  of  the  way  rooms,  which  so 
greatly  increases  the  fire  hazard.  Superheated 
attics  have  caused  many  fires.  Ordinary 
matches  will  ignite  at  110  degrees  Fahrenheit 
Fireproof  installation  of  stoves  means  care, 
more  than  cost.  The  fire  peril  is  just  as 
great  in  many  metropolit: 
frame  suburban  and  rural  hoi 
conditions  that  intelligence  a 
obviate. 


You  >h(NiU  aoe  and  know  ciMi- 
tents  of  pacB>  6,  7  uul  8  of  oar 
Naw  Cataloflua  of  Gorton  Side 
Feed  Boilers. 

We  would  feel  imdar  ofaliga- 
tiona  if  TOO  will  send  for  it  at 
once— to-day. 

GORTON  &  LIDGERWOOD  CO. 

96  Liberty  St.,  NEW  YORK 
ButoB.  1 82  Hieh  St.  Ckiufo,  FUim-  BU(. 


AdvertlBSmentB. — When  writing  Advertise 


mtlon  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING.  ! 

LANE'S  TROLLEY 

Parlor  Door  Hangers  and  Track 

Ball  Bearings  machined  from  solid  steel  and  properly 
hardened — I  he  finest  bearing  obtainable. 
The  only  Trolley  Traek  adjustable  sidewise  (pat- 
ented) after  equipment  is  installed,  thereby  relieving 
an^side  binding.  Send  for  catalog  telling  more  about 
this  excellent  hanger  for  modem  building. 

LANE  BROTHERS  COHPANT 

■allroad  Avenue,  POUGHKEePSie,  N.  Y. 


NEW 

.  5"  Hanger 


nd  Parlor  Doois 

Running 
■II^Bearing 
Won   Efficient 


ser  Mfg.  Co. 

!«,  New  York  City 


Dixon's  Silica-Graphite  Paint 

Protects  the  structural  steel  work  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildings;  American 
Woolen  Company's  Building;  Gimbel  Department  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
Se  Trust  Company's  Building,  Savannah,  Ga, ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Com- 
panv's  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  numerous  other  structures. 
Write  ai  far  "  Netatir  "BaiUing  List,"  and  alhrr  paint  lileraturt 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jeraey  oiy.  n.  j. 


■nllon  Archlleclu 


3? 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


I 


Without   packing  or  filling   substance— Of   GLASS  and  METAL  ONLY— ABSOLUTELY    and 

PERMANENTLY  PROOF  AGALNST  LEAKAGE. 

Characteristic  of  all  our  Installations 

National  Ventilating  Co.  phone:  1422  Mad.  Sq.  339  E.  26th  St.»  N.  Y.  City 


Industrial  Progress 

HOTEL  FLOORINGS. 

Cleanliness  in  a  hotel  is  a  desirable  feature 
and,  quite  interestingly,  a  modern  one.  It  ap- 
parently never  occurred  to  our  ancestors  tnat 
sanitation  in  the  restaurant  and  the  living  room 
was  quite  an  attractive  feature  and  one  that 
would  make  an  appeal  to  the  passing  guest. 
However,  cleanliness  is  now  getting  popular 
and  we  find  it  exemplified  in  many  ways.  San- 
itary floors — for  the  floors  collect  the  greatest 
amount  of  dirt — are  a  prime  necessity,  and 
floors  that  have  no  cracks,  are  waterproofed 
and  are  most  readily  cleansed  are  of  the  great- 
est value.  As  an  example,  a  small  hotel,  the 
Hotel  Rogers,  at  Lebanon,  N.  H.,  is  floored 
through  its  major  portions  with  marbleloid 
flooring,  a  durable  sanitary  floor  that  is  soft 
under  foot.  Unlike  a  concrete  floor,  it  does 
not  dust,  and  when  laid  with  sanitary  curved 
bases  it  is  the  most  desirable  floor  conceivable 
for  all  public  rooms.  It  is  produced  by  the 
Marbleloid  Company,  47  W.  34th  St.,  N.  Y. 
City. 


The  Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co.,  of  147-49  Ce- 
dar Street,  New  York,  haX  just  issued  a  pocket 
size  booklet  containing  illustrations,  descrip- 
tions and  list  prices  of  the  various  toggles  on 
the  n>ar]cet.  A  copy  of  this  booklet  will  be 
sent  upon  request.  -^ 


S.  JARMULOWSKY'S  BANK. 

This  building  is  located  at  54  Canal  Street, 
New  York  City;  and  as  seen  from  the  VVil- 
limsburgh  Brid^re  in  crossing,  it  stands  up  as 
the  highest  structure  in  the  surrounding  neigh- 
borhood. It  is  a  twelve-story  structure,  and 
occupies  the  acute  angle  between  the  streets. 
The  architects.  Rouse  and  Goldstone,  have  de- 
signed a  rather  striking  structure  for  the 
location. 

The  Bankers'  Building  Bureau  were  the 
contractors  for  the  interior.     Voska,   Foelsch 


and  Sidlo,  Inc.,  did  the  interior  marble  work, 
and  the  Penn  Brass  and  Bronze  Works  con- 
structed the  bronze  banking  screen,  Kert- 
scher  &  Co.  did  the  interior  woodwork,  and 
Robert  Arnstein  did  the  painting  and  decor- 
ating. The  ornamental  iron  work  was  done 
by  A.  Perlman  Iron  Works,  Inc.,  and  "Star" 
ball  bearing  door  hangers  were  used. 


FLAT  FINISH  WALL  PAINTS. 

It  is  generally  conceded  that,  while  some 
wall  papers  are  extremely  attractive,  and  tap- 
estries have  a  charm  all  their  own,  the  most 
artistic  finish  for  a  wall,  that  which  gives 
the  best  background  for  pictures  and  the  best 
setting  for  furniture  and  rugs,  is  a  plain,  tint- 
ed, flat-finished  wall.  There  are  unfigured 
papers — cartridge  papers — but  the  very  best 
results  are  obtained  by  means  of  paint.  It  is 
possible  to  obtain  an  oil  paint  which  dries 
absolutely  flat,  that  can  be  washed  if  neces- 
sary without  in  the  least  injuring  the  most 
delicate  shade  of  it,  which  doesn't  fade,  and 
which  can  be  applied  in  a  limtless  variety  of 
shades  and  tones.  If  a  large,  plain  wall  sur- 
face seems  a  bit  monotonous,  a  stencil  pat- 
tern used  with  judgment  gives  all  the  varia- 
tion needed.  For  a  private  house  this  dec- 
orative aspect  is  the  one  that  receives  most 
consideration,  but  for  hosptals,  hotels  or  oth- 
er buildings  this  consideration  is  supplemented 
by  others.  A  wall  so  finished  is  absolutely 
clean  and  can  be  kept  so.  It  is  sanitary.  It 
can  be  fumigated  without  injury  to  the  paint. 
It  can  be  cleansed  by  washing  with  soap  and 
water,  in  a  very  short  time,  and  with  little 
expense. 

"Memphi  Fresco  Paint,"  which  is  manufac- 
tured by  the  De  Soto  Paint  Manufacturing 
Company  of  Memphis,  Tenn.,  is  a  very  high 
grade  fresco  paint.  It  is  an  oil  paint  which, 
however,  dries  absolutely  flat,  soft  and  vel- 
vety. This  result  is  obtained  by  means  of  a 
special  process  of  treating  the  linseed  oil  so 
that  it  dries  wthout  gloss.  Full  partculars 
can  be  obtaned  upon  application  to  the  De 
Soto  Paint  Manufacturing  Company  at  the 
address  given  above. 

(Continued   on  page  34.) 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


and  work  the  standard  for  14  jreart.    Our  reputation  the  best  powli^'e 

evidence  as  to  our  superiority. 


MARBLE 


32M27  East  94di  St,  NEW  YORK 


Advftrtlsements. — When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


JUST   PUBUSHEP 

BOOKS  ON 
The  MANUAL  ARTS 

A  DKSCIIIPriVI  CATAUM 

A  VALUABLE  reference  book.  Lists  and 
describes  260  of  the  best  books  on  the 
manual  arts;  includes  all  the  standard  and  the 
best  of  the  recent  books. 

•una  na  m  uiuEtT-n  ctn  n  tw  im 


Ch«: 


the 


,    fill    I 


will   h 


THE  MANUAL  ARTS  PRESS 

PEORIA  ILLINOIS 


Badger  Quality 

Copper  Hot  Water 

BOILERS 

are  all  that   can  be  de- 
sired in  a  Range  Boiler. 

LONG  LIFE 
CLEAN  WATER 
Beaotifiil  Appeannce 

Every  boiler  is  tinned  on 

the  inside  and  guaranteed 

against  leakageor  collapee. 

Wriu  ftr  Calahz 

L  B.  Badger  &  Sons  Co. 

BOSTON.  U.  S.  A. 


Star   Safety  Water  Tube  Boilers 

For  STEAM  HEATING,  HOT  WATER  HEATING  aad  POWER  PLANTS 

HARRISBURG  STAR  BOILER  CO.,  I  Madison  Ave.,  New  York 

WHY  YOU   SHOULD   INSTALL  THE  STAR  WifTER  TUBE  BOn.ERS 


I  halflbl 
nialiin 


vermlta  liutiUlatloo 


iicbkI  their  cmpadty 


7    Wtaeaclaiwdrbey 


8    The]'  ire  abeolutelr  eafe. 

t    NDbilckHIIlnSrequlred. 
!•    The]  are  eullyanif  quickly  InaalM. 
1 1    Srsci  conetructlon  le  ueed  thraughaut. 
11    Repaire  can  l»  made  by  any  boHermoker. 
II    Thiy  make  atwolutely  dry  ■icam. 

14  Tha  wat«r  bvcldOMOOt  flucluaia. 

15  The  hlghcat  piiaalble  ccoaomy    It  obw 


THE  MARBLELOID  COMPAf 

Broadway  an< 

Man 

MARBLl 
FIREPR 

An 
Modarn  ] 

Artlatic  Abeolut 


—When  wrltlnB  Adve 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THE  SNOW  GUARD  ALLOWING 

NO    STRAIN     ON    THE     SLATE 

WHY  NOT  SEE  IT  ? 

A  postal  card  will  bring  sample 

Filsom  Snow  Guard  Co. "'  ^'Si.'SS;.'*" 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

Flag  Poles 


Etc. 

SenJ,  for  Catalogue 


joriES 


ARTHUR  GREENFIELD,I«wpor«5d 


BEiNPORCED  CONCRBH:  PLOC«5 
IRON  FURRING  mJ  METAL  LATHING 


204  EAST  36th  ST. 


LOCKWOOD  and  ALMQUIST 

Time  Service  Engineers 

Automatic  Elevator  Diipatcher 

Glock  Syitenn,  Special  Timing  Devices 

Stud  for  Cat  No.  22   1  Madlton  An.,  N.  Y.  c:ty 


AUTOMATIC   DUMBWAITERS. 

The  modern  dumbwaiter,  an  electrical  driven 
device  with  motor  connected  by  worm  gear  to 
a  winding  drum  and  controlled  by  switches, 
which  are  push  button  operated,  is  rapidly 
taking  the  place  of  the  old-fashioned  dumb- 
waiter with  all  its  inconveniences.  The  sim- 
plicity of  an  electric  operated  dumbwaiter  with 
its  push  button  control  is  patent.  Beside  the 
doorway  in  the  basement  of  an  apartment 
house  for  instance,  there  is  a  bank  of  but- 
tons, marked  Up,  Down  and  Stop,  and  a  dial 
indicator  telling  the  floor  to  which  the  car  has 
risen.  The  Up  button  sets  the  waiter  in  mo- 
tion, the  pointer  indicates  the  floor  and  upon 
pressing  the  Stop  button,  the  car  is  brought 
to  a  standstill.  A  reverse  operation  with  the 
Down  button  lowers  the  car.  Other  styles 
have  electric  illuminated  glass  discs  which 
trace  the  travel  of  the  car  to  the  person  oper- 
ating it  in  the  basement. 

Similar  devices  with  larger  cars  are  manu- 
factured for  invalid  lifts,  and  these  are  suit- 
able for  carrying  three  or  four  persons.  They 
are  extremely  serviceable  in  residences,  pri- 
vate hospitals  and  other  buildings  in  which  a 
small  elevator  is  required. 

The  Jas.  H.  Roberts  Elevator  Company,  es- 
tablished in  1872,  are  manufacturers  of  dumb- 
waiters, invalid  lifts  and  elevators  of  larger 
capacity,  electrically  driven  and  operated. 
Their  address  is  430  West  Broadway,  and 
they  will  be  pleased  to  give  estimates. 


Lockwood  and  Almquist.  time  service  engi- 
neers, 1  Madison  Avenue,  New  York  City. 
have  recently  purchased  the  entire  assets  of 
The    Prentiss    Clock   Improvement    Company. 

This  firm  is  now  manufacturing  master  and 
secondary  clock  systems,  program  clocks.  60- 
day  calendar  clocks,  and  special  timing  de- 
vices of  all  descriptions. 

They  have  recently  perfected  a  machine 
known  as  the  Automatic  Elevator  Dispatcher. 
The  purpose  of  this  mechanism  is  to  increase 
the  efficiency  of  elevator  operation  in  large 
buildings  by  means  of  automatically  ringing 
signals  in  the  various  elevators,  both  at  the 
bottom  and  top  floors,  thereby  keeping  the 
cars  scattered  uniformly  through  the  build- 
ing. 

(Continued  on  page  39.) 


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WITH  DOUBLE  £ND  OR.IP  EXPANSIO^ 

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■-E!  ELEVATORS  and  DUMBWAI 


■and  asd  Elsctrlc  Blavalora,  DttMbwaltara.  Sldawalk  HoUta 
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ELECTRIC    ELEVATORS 

with  machines  having  Ball  Thrust  Bearings  that  reduce  friction  and  increase  power,  and  made  stroDKa- 
a  my  ipecialty.  They  have  filled  the  bill  for  many  years  and  will  solve  the  vertical  transportation  problt 

DUMBWAITERS  CELLAR  HOISTS 

Write  for  Catalog  and  Prices  J.    G.    SPEIDEL,    ReadlS 


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CatooU.  ArtUlfc,SWM«,  BallTbakar.  Booldnr.  Hiidn  uid  other  ttylea  c< 

Gmeral  ned&ociona.  Interior  aaiEaeationi  and  prBctical  InfonnatioD  for 
builder.  Bstimalc*  of  coU.  SitoTor  and  intsior  *ietn,  fiist  and  aecond  a 
all  dimenaoni.  Books  an  baaOaoatiy  printed  wllh  baU-tone  lUiutral 
deaisus  caicfnUr  selected. 

FuliM  rmtlni  n  ITMT  In  tT"inrft     Pilea  tZ^W  pnpak 

Dilailtd  plani  pripartd  far  x*9  work  or  far  ttmat^int  aid  buiUi 

W.  DEHrSNAP.  ArcUtMt  ISO  Naaua  St..  M 


*  The  "Golden  Gem"  AdiEng  Machine  'Zi-ZSSS^i,'^ 

We   have  been  making   adding   macliines  far  ten  years— and  have  sold  over  3( 
PROOF"  on  request.    During  the  past  tew  years  we  have  eipraried  Ihousandsof  do 
mac    "^^,^,gguj,^,^^_.fhe"Goiden'^Gim"IiVhrR«ull' 
You  can  kee[)  it  right  on  your  desk  or  take  it  with  louon  the  road.    It  aavesbraii 


„ _ itoronViio. '"  ' 

(END  YOUIIEHITTANCETODAr-YaUR  HONEY  BACIwilUa  lea  dara-ilinacblaeAwa 
^  Sales^nU^TJe^^Colden      ^.j^^,  ^    ^    OANCHER.        3i^B^ 


pehhiedm 


AdverClsementa. — Whan  writing  Advertise 


ELEVATOR  SHAFT 
CONSTRUCTION 

By  H.  ROBERT  CULLMER 

Assisted  by  ALBERT  BAUER 


Practical  Suggestions  for  the  Installa- 
tion of  Elevators  in  Buildings 


A  treatise  for  the  architect  and  builder 
covering  the  surveying  and  preparing  of 
detail  drawings  for  elevator  shafts;  noa- 
chine  rooms;  elevator  bulkheads;  tables 
and  formulae  for  calculating  the  size  and 
capacity  o£  elevators;  freight  elevators; 
sidewalk  elevators ;  dumb-waiters ;  specifi- 
cation writing  for  elevator  installation ;  ele- 
vator shaft  doors  and  appliances;  building 
regulations  covering  elevator  installation. 


Elevator  shaft  construction  in  buildings 
c™s«u™  of  Elevator  Shaft  and  BaiKhead.  has  never  bcfore  been  technically  treated. 
This  book  supplies  the  demand  for  information  on  this  subject,  and  it  has  been 
the  effort  of  the  author  to  supply  the  necessary  data  for  the  use  of  the  architect 
in  placing  an  elevator  equipment  in  any  building.  New  York  practice  is  fol- 
lowed, and  the  Building  Department  laws  and  regulations  of  New  York  are 
made  the  standard.  The  author  has  also  made  a  careful  study  of  the  regula- 
tions in  use  elsewhere,  giving  the  deviations  from  New  York  requirements. 
Specification  writing  for  elevator  equipment  has  been  covered  by  two  forms; 
one  a  simple  specification  for  a  single  elevator,  the  other  a  more  elaborate  equip- 
ment embracing  several  styles  of  cars  suitable  for  an  office  building. 

The  book  cont?ins  most  practical  information  and  it  is  the  hope  of  the  author 
that  he  has  omitted  no  important  point.  Every  phase  of  the  shaft  problem  in 
building  construction  has  been  covered,  and  the  method  of  presentation  is  such 
that  ready  reference  is  possible  to  any  detail  of  the  subject. 

The  book  is  in  companion  sjie  with  the  Building 
Construction  and  Superintendence  Series,  by 

Mr.  F.  E.  Kidder. 

Cloth  bound,  170  pages,  Frontispiece,  47  dia- 
grammatic plates,  ■ '  '"  ' 

Price  %iM 


The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co. 

23  Warren  Street,  NEW  YORK 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Central  Commenial  Bnd  Maniul  Training  High  School.  Newark,  N,  J. 
E.  P.  Guilbert.  Architect 

For  Safety  and  Fire  Protection 

Have  No  Equal 

rtWR^iLETTOCTJ^  give  double  the  fire  protection  of  any  other  system. 

\KJiac  lUJrlAJg^P  This  quality,  together  with  their  exceptional  sound- 
proofncss  and  their  adaptability  to  long;  spans  without  loss  of  rigidity,  makes 
them  the  ideal  type  of  floor  construction  for  Buildings  for  People,  such  as 
Schools,  Apartment  Houses,  Hotels,  Hospitals,  Office  Buildings,  etc. 

crimplctc  in[t)rmalion 
Eidualia  Llcenase  for  UDltwl  Sntaa  (Except  New  York  Dlatricl) 

CORRUGATED  BAR  COMPANY 

413  MUTUAL  LIFE  BUILDING  BUFFALO,  N.  Y. 

Etcludve  Llceiuae  New  York  DUnrlct  (all  twritofr  wlthlD  IS  mJlca  Na«  York  Ciir  Hall) 

BUILDING  IMPROVEMENT  COMPANY 

Whitehall  Building  Nev  York,  N.  Y. 


IVhen  wrllln;^  Adver 


I-  ftnd  Bulldlnf 


The 


SWISS  CHALET  BOOK 


THIS  new  book  by  Mr.  William  S.  B.  Dana  tells  the  story  of  the 
chalet  in  Switzerland,  its  history,  evolution  and  construction. 
The  book  is  replete  with  illustrations  and  numerous  diagrams, 
sections  and  plans.      It  is  picturesque  as  well   as  instructive. 
Mr.  Dana  has  not  neglected  the  Swiss  chalet  in  America  and  tells  the 
reader   something   of  the  iise  that  has  been  made  of  chalet  forms  in 
California,  accompanying  his  text  with  most  attractive  pictures. 

Table  of  Contents 

Ch^tf 


Introduction. 
Chapter     I. 


Switzerland  visited;  Sw 
tects  and  builders. 


The    chalet  facade; 
disposition  i    plans  a 


window 
id  eleva- 


Chapter  II,  Constniction  details;  granary 
construction;  examples  of  mod- 
em and  older  chalets. 

Chapter  111.  The  chalet  skeleton;  hasis  of 
ornament;   small  chalets. 

Chapter  IV.  Balcony  and  gable  construction ; 
doors,  windows;  some  classic 
and  modern  chalets. 


Chapter  VI. 
Chapter  VII. 
ChapK 
Chapter 


r  VIII. 


IX. 


The  chalet  facade ;  system  of 
ornamentation. 
The  chalet  interior;  planning, 
plans  and  elevations. 
The  chalet  interior;  interior 
decoration;  furniture- 
Adaptation  of  the  Swiss  chalet 
in  other  countries;   American 
adaptations. 


Bibliography. 
151  pages;  250  lUustratlona  and  figures 


Clotb,  7%  X  10.     Price,  $2.50 
The  Wm.  T.  Comstock  Co.,  23  Warren  St.,  New  York 


AdverllsementB. — When  wrltinK  Advertise 


1  Architecture  and  BulldlDg. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


39 


CHANGES     IN     THE     OFFICERS     AND 
BOARD    OF    DIRECTORS    OF    THE 
JOSEPH  DIXON  CRUCIBLE  CO. 

At  the  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Directors  of  the  Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co., 
held  Monday,  October  21st,  the  following 
changes  in  the  officers  and  Board  of  Directors 
ivere  made  on  account  of  the  death  of  Vice- 
President,   William  H.   Corbin: 

Mr.  George  E.  Long,  former  treasurer,  was 
elected  vice-president,  to  succeed  Mr.  Corbin; 
Mr.  J.  H.  Schermerhorn,  former  assistant  sec- 
retary and  assistant  treasurer,  was  elected  to 
membership  in  the  Board  of  Directors  and 
treasurer  of  the  company.  Mr.  Albert  Norris 
^vas  elected  to  the  office  of  assistant  secretary 
and  assistant  treasurer. 


WATERPROOFING. 

The  Monroe  Building,  which  is  illustrated 
in  this  issue,  was  waterproofed  with  Ceresit. 
What  is  Ceresit?  A  knowledge  of  Ceresit 
would  be  to  your  advantage  and  we  will  tell 
you  a  little  about  it.  It  will  effectively  do  the 
work  of  waterproofing  with  less  labor,  ex- 
pense and  economy  of  time  than  anything  else, 
and  it  further  gives  the  assurance  that  the  wa- 
terproofing is  done  permanently.  It  has  never 
failed  to  do  its  work,  because  it  is  an  integral 
part  of  the  construction,  being  incorporated  in 
the  concrete  mass,  giving  the  concrete  a  great- 
er density.  Ceresit  is  a  cream  white  paste 
which  is  added  to  the  water  used  in  mixing 
concrete,  giving  it  uniform  distribution 
throughout  the  mixture.  No  matter  how 
thick  the  wall,  Ceresit  is  through  and  through 
it,  but  the  water  is  stopped  at  the  surface  of 
Ceresit  proofed  concrete.  It  keeps  the  water 
out  of  the  Monroe  Building  and  it  has  kept  the 
water  out  of  many  other  basements,  including 
the  Harper  Memorial  Library  Building,  which 
will  be  illustrated  in  our  next  issue.  It  is  a 
most  satisfactory  waterproofing  material  for 
foundations,  tunnels,  aqueducts,  walls,  cellars, 
swimming  pools,  tanks,  and  in  fact  every  form 
of  construction  that  is  to  be  resistive  to  water. 

The  Ceresit  Waterproofing  Company,  of  80 
West  Adams  street,  Chicago,  will  tell  you 
more  about  Ceresit  in  an  interesting  and  in- 
structive manner. 


AN  INTERESTING  STRUCTURE, 

The  Monroe  Building,  Chicago,  which  is 
illustrated  in  our  inside  pages,  is  on  the  ex- 
terior a  very  attractive  building.  Its  hallway 
gives  a  forecast  of  an  attractive  interior,  and 
when  we  approach  the  upper  corridors  and  in- 
dividual offices  we  realize  the  architects  have 
been  unrestricted  by  the  owners  in  producing 
a  building  which  will  meet  the  demands  of 
those  who  wish  the  most  attractive  offices. 
Aside  from  the  planning  and  lighting,  the  most 
important  feature  in  the  appearance  is  the 
decoration  and  tinting,  and  this  subject  has 
been  left  in  the  able  hands  of  W.  P.  Nel- 
son Company,  Chicago. 


Peter  McKay,  inc. 

Painting  and  Decorating 
Hardwood    Finisliing 


167  East  60th  Street  NEW  YORK 

East  of  Lexington  Avenue 
Telephone  3110  Plaza 


WIUiAH  J.  FLYNN 

Plumbing 
Contractor 


11  East  167th  Street 
Tei^pboDc  51$  MeiroK      Bronx,  N.  Y.  City 


PLUMBING  CONTRACTOR  FOR 
THE  CHURCH  OF  THB  SACRED  HEART 


Tetophone  7478 
AudutM>n 


Eatabllahed 
1892 


ROBERT  ARNSTEIN 

Painter  and  Decorator 

3883  Broadway 


EsdmatM  Furnished 


New  York 


TELEPHONE  317  ASTORIA 


JOSEPH  KNEER 

Ornameiital  and  Plain  Plastering 

STUCCO  WORK 


388-392  Broadway 
Nmt  Third  Ave.    Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 


Advertisements. — When  writing  Advertisers,  plecMe  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


HIGGINS' 


'photo    MOUttTlR  PAm 
lOMtWINO   BOARD    PUTI 
lUQUID  PASTE 
OmCC  PASTE 
kVEQETABLE  GLUE,  Eta. 

be  Ika  Fittl  Md  Bcti  bki  iirf  JMcwki 

'  from  the  iis«  of  corrode 

^ and  adhesiva  and  ado^- 

the  Hluloa'   lulu  and  Adbaaln*.     Tliey 

dam  and  well  put  up. 


I  CHA5.  M.  HIGGINS  &  CO„  M(n 

Branches:  Chicaffo,  London 
271  Ntoth  Stnurt  Broafclm.  N.  Y. 


Book  Reviews 


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BARNES' FOOT  POWER 
MACHINERY 


Oalalogv*  frm 

W.  r.  C  John  Bunei  Co. 

W  Inkr  Simt.       BKkkrl  lU. 


Cerussi  Marble  Works 

ALL    KINDS    OP 

anterior  illarlile 

271-279  Eaat  135th  St.,  New  York 


BRONX  BOROUGH 


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le  material  that  is 
Even  the  quarry 
,'able  class  of  ma- 


hardware  and  other  supplie 
plete  list  of  every  conceival 
required  by  these  industries, 
is  covered  and  every  conce: 

There  are  over  385,000  na 
and,  making  due  allowance 
of  the  work,  there  is  a  remarkable  degree  of 
exactness.  To  the  manufacturer  the  book  is 
invaluable;  to  every  one  in  the  building  trade 
it  is  a  necessity,  for  it  gives  the  names  of  the 
material  and  supply  men  in  every  part  of  the 
country,  being  of  great  assistance  in  their 
specification  work.  Its  price  would  be  paid 
for  on  one  small  job  out  of  town,  where  it 
was  necessary  to  get  outside  figures. 

THE  CATHEDR.\LS  OF  EN'GL.\ND  AND 

WALES,  by  Francis  Bond.  Fourth  edi- 
tion. Cloth.  494  pages,  5x8  inches.  200 
l>hotographic  reproductions  and  numerous 
plans.  London;  B.  T.  Batsford.  New 
York;    Charles   Scribner's   Sons.     Price,    $3 


This   book   is   really   traveling   under   ; 


dis- 


tho! 

vious  editions  will  find  such  a  change  in  this 
that  it  really  seems  like  a  new  book.  Need- 
less to  say,  this  change  is  for  the  better,  a 
vast  improvement  in  fact.  The  photographs 
are  largely  new,  and  the  reproductions,  though 
smalt  m  scale,  are  excellent  in  the  extreme, 
being  fine  screen  half-tones  reproduced  on  a 
dull-surfaced  paper,  giving  soft  effects  which 
arc  extremely  clean  and  clear  in  their  detail. 

Beside  the  photographs,  for  the  student  of 
cathedral  architecture  there  is  the  pleasing 
addition  of  the  plans  which  are  all  drawn  to 
uniform  scale,  ifW  feet  to  the  inch.  Further. 
the  author  has  so  completely  revised  his 
ideas  and  enlarged  his  horizon  in  the  dozen 
years  since  the  first  edition  appeared,  that 
the  text  of  the  book  is  also  almost  com- 
pletely rewritten  and  the  scheme  changed. 
Whereas  formerly  the  history  of  every  ca- 
thedral was  thrust  into  Mr,  Rickman's  four 
categories,  the  author  feels  that  this  is  now 
untenable,  and  he  has  treated  the  architec- 
tural history  of  each  cathedral  more  or  less 
as  an  entity. 

PROBLEMS  IN  FURNITURE  MAKING. 
by  Fred.  D.  Crawshaw.  Fourth  edition,  re- 
vised. 6x9  inches,  cloth  binder.  The 
Manual  Arts  Press,   Peoria,  III.     Price.   SI 

This  book,  which  is  essentially  a  collection 
of  working  drawings  of  furniture,  shows  de- 
signs adapted  for  construction  in  high  school 
manual  training  classes.  The  hook  wU  also 
appeal  to  the  home  craftsman,  and  it  is  an 
extremely  practical  book,  as  the  furniture 
shown  is  suitable  for  use  in  any  home. 

The  text  which  was  useful  in  former  edi- 
>  has  been  rewritten  and  elaborated,  and 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Monument  Plaster  Co. 

Manulaclmn  of 

WALL  PLASTER  anJ 
ORIENTAL  STUCCO 


Office  and  Factory.  HARRISON,  N.  J. 


I    Oruii.,    N.    3. 


The  Literature  of 
Structures 


nod  Ubiel. 

Fnnad  Stradnru  ud  OMcn 

Br  Ediiw  Macburg.     Vol.    I.— 


Khietic  Thaary  ot 
Ca^inaarliix  StniclBrM 

By   David    A.    Molilor.    W 


Walb,  Biu  aad  Gfaln  BlvTBton 

By  Milo  S.    Kctcfaum.     [I    td.. 
,»4,00  (17<). 


Siawie  Staal  StractorM 

By  C.  T.  Morris.    II  ed..  OTl  p 
•2.25 .  ( W>.     It  UCLChe*  the  art 


kidte  and  StruGhml  Desiia 

By  W.  Chase  Ttiomson.    II  cd.. 


THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  CO.,  23  Warren  St.,NewYork 


42 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


L 


Bankers  Bnilding  Bureau 


BUREAU  OF  FACTORIES 


VEIT  MANUPACTUKINO  CO. 
Grand  Bapidt,  Mich. 


METAL 
FURNITUKE 


Sank  KnUhtttQ  (EouBtmrtian 

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BANK  INTERIORS 

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the  author's  selection  of  projects,  designs  and 
notes  is  of  the  best.  The  plates  consist  of  a 
series  of  dimensional  drawings,  giving  an  ex- 
act lay-out  of  work  for  all  of  the  pieces  of 
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REINFORCED   CONCRETE    CONSTRUC- 
TION.    Vol.  I.  Fundamental  Principles,  by 
GeorRre  A.  Hool,  S.  B.     Cloth.     254  pages, 
6x9  inches.     Illustrated.    The  McGraw-Hill 
Book  Co.,  Publishers.    Price,  $2.50  net. 
This  volume  forms  one  of  a  series  of  three 
volumes  which  deal  with  reinforced  concrete 
construction.     As   indicated   in   the   title,  the 
first    deals    with    the    fundamental    principles, 
and   it   is   the  primary  purpose   of  the  series 
to  have  the  books  used  for  extension  teach- 
ing or  correspondence  teaching,  although  the 
books  are  suited  to  other  uses  as  well.    The 
book  includes  numerous  tables  and  diagrams 
to  facilitate  the  calculation  and  design  of  re- 
inforced concrete  structures.    The  information 
from  which  the  book  has  been  compiled  has 
been  gathered  from  standard  sources.    It  con- 
tains   in    the    first    part,    under    the    head  of 
"properties  of  the  material,"  chapters  on  con- 
crete;  steel;   concrete  and   steel   in  construc- 
tion.   The  second  part  covers  the  theory  and 
design  of  slabs,  beams  and  columns;  rectan- 
gular beams;  slabs,  cross  beams  and  girders: 
columns;   slab,  beam  and  column   tables  and 
diagrams;  bendin<y  and  direct  stresses. 

In  general,  the  book  follows  the  usual  meth- 
ods of  concrete  construction,  and  its  teach- 
ings have  some  of  the  deficiencies  w^hich  are 
to  be  found  in  all  text  books,  but  as  a  short 
course  in  construction  the  work  seems  to 
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THE  DESIGN  OF  STEEL  MILL  BUILD- 
INGS  and   the    Calculation    of   Stresses  in 
Frame  Structures,  by  Milo  S.  Ketchum,  C 
E.      Third    edition,    enlarged.      Cloth,    6x9 
inches,   562  pages,  270  illustrations  and  66 
tables.    The    McGraw-Hill    Book   Company, 
Publishers.     Price,  $4  net. 
The    architectural    and    engineering  profes- 
sions are  already  quite  familiar  with  Mr.  Ket- 
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ever, this  third  edition  is  brought  up  to  date, 
and     there     are     important     additions    which 
greatly  increase   its  value.     Three  chapters- 
stresses  in  frame  structures,  stresses  in  bridge 
trusses,    and    specifications    for     steel    frame 
buildings — have    been    revised,    rewritten   and 
enlarged,  and  many  illustrations  of  the  book 
have  been  redraw^n  in  addition  to  the  general 
revision    and    additions    to    the    whole    text 
The  Appendix   III.,   containing   78  pages.  30 
tables  and  24  cuts,  covers  structural  drawings, 
estimates  and  designs.     It  is  divided  into  five 
chapters  and  is  really  a  small  additional  book 
bound  into  the  volume  with  the  main  text. 

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building  construction.  It  supplements  the 
elementary  text  books  and  forms  an  intro- 
duction to  the  elaborate  engineering  treatises 
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CONTENTS  FOR  DECEMBER 


The  Transportation  Building,  Chicago,  1893 Cover 

By  J.  L. 

The  Architecture  of  Louis  H.  Sullivan 469 

Written  and  Illustrated  by  Theodore  Starrett 

Harper  Memorial  Library,  Chicago,  111 476 

Shepley.  Rutan  &  Coolidge.  Architects 

Three  Residences  at  East  Orange,  N.  J 479 

Edward  V.  Warren.  Architect 

Apartment  Houses  in  New  York  City 482 

Designed  by  Gaetan  Ajello,  Architect 

The  Peter  Minuet 

The  Hamilton 

The  Luxor 

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C  ross  <Sl  v.ross.  Architects 

Eltinge  Theatre        •      .• *^ 

Ihoroas  W.  Lamb,  Architect 

The  Hotel  Statler,  Cleveland,  Ohio 497 

George  B.  Post  &  Sons.  Architects 

Store  for  L.  Bamberger  &  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J 503 

Jarvis  Hunt,  Architect 

The  Escalator 509 

By  S.  P.  Ring 

Index  to  Volume  XLIV 515 


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Bollentin    &   Thompson 14 

Bommer    Bros 16 

Boyd,    Thomas    Bruce 21 

Brounet,    Arthur    2 

Browe    Co.,    The 1'? 

BuccinI,  Alberto   40 

Carter.    Black    ft    Ayers 41 

Cathcart  ft  Kissell    16 

Ceresit    Waterproof    Co 44 

Chicago    Spring    Butt    Co 2 

Cohn,  Isaac    40 

Collins,    Francis    W 21 

Concrete    Age,    The 42 

Consolidated  Chandelier  Co 40 

Corbin,   P.    ft   F 1 

Cork   ft  Zlcha   Marble   Co 82 

Corrugated    Bar    Company 37 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co . . .   'M\ 

Daprato   Statuary   Company 14 

De   Soto   Paint  Mfg.   Company.  30 

Dewsnap.   William  D 35 

DIzon   Crucible   Co.,   Jos 31 

Brkins  Studio.  The   15 

Evans.    F.    H ; ....  35 

Federal  Terra  Cotta  Co 46 

Felton,    Sibley   ft   Co II    Cover 

Fnlsom   Snow   Ouard    Co 34 

Fuller  Co.,  George  A II  Cover 

General    Fire    Extinguisher    Co.  23 
Globe    Ventilator    Co.... II    Cover 

Gorion  ft  Lidgerwood  Co SO 

Grant  Pulley  &  Hardware  Co..  42 


Page 

Greenfield.    Inc.,    Arthur 84 

Grimmer    &    Son,    Charles....    0 

Harbison  -  Walker    Refractories 
Co 

Harrisburg  Star  Boiler  Co 33 

HauBsIing  Soda  Apparatus  Mfg. 
Co 88 

Henderson    Bros 0 

Higgins   ft   Co.,   Chas.    M 40 

Hoegger,    J.    A 29 

Hoffmann  &  Billings  Mfg.  Co. .  44 

Holmes,    Frederick   S 21 

Ingalls   Stone   Co 45 

Ingham.  Howard  M 21 

Interior  Metal   Mfg.   Co 29 

Jackson  Co..  William  H 11 

Jamestown  Mantel  Co.... II  Cover 
Jones.    Thomas    W 34 

Kalamein    Co..    The 28 

Kertscher  &  Co IV   ("over 

Knoburn   Co.,   The 27 

Kohn,  Jacob  &  Josef 41 

Lamb.   Neven   Sparks 30 

Lane  Bros.  Co 31 

Leiman    Bros 28 

Lockwood  &  Almquist 34 

Loomis    Manning    Filter    Distri- 
buting   Co IV    Cover 

Maher   Co..   The   William   G...  IVTt 

Manual    Arts   Press.    The 33 

Marblelold  Co.,  The 33 

McCabe    Hanger     Mfg.     Co 31 

McCreery  ft  Co.,  Jamen   5 

Metropolitan   Electric    Mfg.    Co. 

IV  Cover 

Miller,     H.     W 9 

Mitchell     Furniture     Co..     The 
Robert     6 

Monument   Plaster   Co 41 

Morton,    Thomas    29 

Mueller    Mosaic    Co 4.'» 

.National  Ventilating  Co 32 

Newman   Clock   Co 25 

N.  J.  Car  Spring  &  Rubber  Co..  82 

New    Jersey    Terra    Cotta    Co., 
The     .*» 


New    York   Architectui 
Cotta    Co 

Northwestern    Terra-C 


Ognlbene,   Andrea    . . . 
Oils    Elevator    Compai 

Peelle  Co.,   The 

Penn    Brass   ft    Bronze 


Polachek    Bronze    ft 
John    


] 


Pomeroy   Co.,   Inc.,    S. 

Remington  Typewriter 
Roberts  Elevator  Co.,  » 
Rockwood    Sprinkler    C 

Safety    Fire    Extlnguis 
The 

See   Electric   Elevator 
A.   B 

Simmons    Co.,   John... 

Skannel,    E 

Spencer    Turbine    Clea  i 
The   , 

Spiers-Lederle   Glass   C 

Sprague  Electric  Works 

Stanley    Works.    The. . 

Star  Ball  Bearing  Door 
Co 

Star   Expansion   Bolt  C 

Star    Fireproof    Door 
Co.,    Inc 

Starrett   Co.,    Theodore. 

Stickley,   Gustav    

Storm  Manufacturing  C 

Tettenborn     Refrigerate 


United  Electric   Co..    Tt 

U.    S.    Changeable    SIg 
pany    

United  States  Mineral  T 


Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  ( 
Victor    Sash    Chain    Co. 

Voigtmann   ft   Co 

Voska.    Foelsch   ft   Sidle 

Washburne   ft   Co.,    E. 

Wegman,    John     

Wells  Architectural  Iroi 
Wilson  Mfg.  Co..  Jam« 
WInslow    Bros.    Co.,    Th 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Classified   Advertisements 

NOTB.-Every  classified  advertiser  is  entitled  to  insertion  nnder  one  heading.    Under  extra  headings.  fS.OO  a  tmt  each 


I 


ALTARS,    STATUARY,    ETC. 

Daprato  Statuary  Company ..  Chicago-New   York 

ARCHITECTURAL    BRONZE. 

Baguee  Preres  Co 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 

Penn  Brass  &  Bronze  Works,  40  Penn  St, 

Brooklyn,    N.    Y. 
Polachek  Bronze   &   Iron   Co.,    John, 

480-404  Hancock  St.  and  577-591  Boulevard, 

Long  Island  City. 
AWNINGS,    BLINDS.    ETC. 

Wilson    Mfg.    Co.,    Jas.    O., 

5  W.  29th  St..  New  York  City 
BOILERS. 

Badger  6  Sons  Co.,  B.  B (Boston,   Mass. 

Gorton   &   Lldgerwood    Co.« 

96  Liberty  St.,  New  York 
Harrieburg  Star  Boiler  Co.,  1  Madison  Ave., 

New    York 

BOLTS— Expansion,    Machine    Expansion,    Mooring, 

Twins,    Toggle. 
Evans,  F.  H... 31-35  Hewes  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co.,  147-149  Cedar  8t,  N.  Y. 

BRICK— Enameled   Front.     Hollow. 

American   Enamel   Brick   A   Tile   Co., 

1182  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

Carter,  Black  ft  Ayers 1182  Broadway.  N.  Y. 

Flske  A  Co.p  Inc 40  W.  32d  St.,  New  York 

Harbi«on-Walker    Refractories    Company, 

1133   Broadway,  New  York 
BRIDGES. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  O. 

BRONZE. 

Baguee,  Preres  Co.... 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 
Gorham  Company.  The,  Providence  &  New  York. 
Jackson  Co.,  William  H., 

2    W.    47th    St.,    New    York 
Penn  Brass  and  Bronze  Works,   Inc., 

36  to  40  Penn   St.,   Brooklyn,   N.  Y. 
Polachek  Bronze  and  Iron  Co.,  John, 

480-494  Hancock  St.  and  5t7-591  Boulevard, 

Long  Island  City. 
Wlnslow  Bros.  Co.,  The,  New  York  and  Chicago. 

BUILDING    CONTRACTORS. 

Fuller   Co.,   Geo.   A., 

Chicago,  New  York,  Boston,  Washington 
Starrett  Company,  Theodore,  103  Park  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

BUILDING    DIRECTORY. 

U.  S.  Changeable  Sign  Co.  .3-7  W.  29th  St,  N.  Y. 

BUTTS,   BALL-REARING. 

Stanley  Works,  The New  Britain,  Conn. 

CARPENTEtviNG    CONTRACTORS. 

Maher  Co.,  The  William  G.,   1183  Broadway. 

New    York    City. 
CHAIRS. 

Kohn,  Jacob  &  Josef,  110  West  27th  St., 

New  York  City. 

CLOCKS — Synchronized,  Watchman's. 

Lockwood   ft   Almquist,   1   Madison   Ave.,   N.    Y. 
Newman  Clock  Co.,  The...  178  Fulton  St.,  N.  Y. 

CONCRETE  SIDEWALK  FORMS. 

Berger  Mfg.   Co.,  The Canton,   O. 

CUT     STONE    CONTRACTORS. 

Ingalls    Stone    Co.,    Bedford,    Ind. 

DECORATORS,    INTERIOR. 

Btounet,  Arthur,  1133  Broadway New   York. 

Bucclnl,  Alberto,  347  Fifth  Ave New  York 

McCreery   &   Co.,   James New   York 

DESIGN    BOOKS. 

Dewsnap.  William  D 150  Nassau  St,  N.  Y. 


DOOR    HANGERS. 

McCabe  Hanger  Mfg.  Co.  532  West  22d  St, 

New    York    City. 

Lane   Bros.    Co Poughkeepsie,   N.    Y. 

Star  Ball  Bearing  Door  Hanger  Co., 

1735  West  Farms  Road,  Bronx,  N.  Y. 

DRAWER   SLIDE. 

Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware   Co., 

35  Warren   St,   N.   Y. 

DRAWING    INKS— (Higglns). 

Higgins    ft    Co.,    Chas.    M., 

217   9th   St.    Brooklyn.    N.    Y. 
DUMB   WAITERS. 

Otis  Elevator  Co 17  Battery  Place,  N.   Y. 

Storm  Manufacturing  Co.,  The... Newark,  N.  J. 

ELEVATORS. 

A.   B.   See  Electric  Elevator  Co.,  The, 

220  Broadway,  New  York 
Otis  Elevator  Co.,  11th  Ave.  ft  26th  St,  N.  Y. 
Roberts  Elevator  Co.,  James  H., 

430  West  Broadway,  New  York 

ENGINEERS,  ELECTRICAL,  CONSULTING,  BANK 
VAULT,  ETC. 

Boyd,  Thomas  Bruce,  286  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 
Collins,  Francis  W...50  Church  St..  New  York 
Holmes,  Frederick  S.,  2  Rector  St,  New  York 
Ingham,  Howard  M 160  5th  Ave..  New  York 

EXPANSION  BOLTS. 

Evans,  P.  H.  .31-35  Hewes  St^  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Star  Expansion  Bolt  Co 147  Cedar  St.,  N.  Y. 

EXTERIOR   PLASTER. 

Monumental  Plaster  Company Harrison,  N.  J. 

FENCING   AND   RAILINGS. 

Van   Dorn   Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,  O. 

FILTERS. 

Loomis-Manning  Filter  Distributing  Co., 

828  Land  Title  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

FIRE   BUCKET   TANKS. 

Safety  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.,  The, 

291-293   Seventh   Ave.,  New  York 

FIRE   DOOR   EQUIPMENT. 

Lane   Bros.    Co Poughkeepeie,   N.    T. 

FIRE   EQUIPMENT.    GENERAL 

Simmons  Co.,  John 102-110  Centre  St.  N.  Y. 

FIRE   EXTINGUISHING   APPARATUS. 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Co.,  Providence,  R.  I. 

FIRE  PLACES,  CRAFTSMAN.   ETC. 

Stickley,  Gustav 41  W.  34th  St,  New  York 

FIREPROOF  DOORS  AND  SHUTTERS. 
Grant  Pulley  ft  Hardware  Co., 

3  West  29th   St..   New  York 

Interior  Metal  Mfg.  Co Jamestown.  N.  Y. 

Kalamein  Co.,  The,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company,  3('i.>   Hth  Si..  Hjboken.  N.  J. 
Pomeroy   Co.,    Inc.,    S.    U., 

427    W.    13th    St,    New    York  City 
Star  Fireproof  Door  and  Sash  Co.. 

2650-52  Park  Ave.,   New  York 

FIREPROOF  WINDOWS. 

Kalamein  Company,  The,  Long  Island  City.  N.  T. 
Knoburn  Company, 

359-363   14th   St,   Hoboken.   N.    J. 

Pomeroy    Co.    (Inc.),    S.    H.. 

427    W.    13th    St.,    N.    Y. 
Volgtmann  ft  Co.,  427  W.  13th   St.  New  York 


Enr^rroiniA 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Some  contracta  are  handed  to  us  od  a  Silver  Salver,  a  few  come  (o  as  through 
the  recommendation  of  friends— bat  99%  of  oar  basiaess  is  secured  because 
our  anequalled  facilities  permit  our2ivin(  yon  "Class  A"  service  in  CABINET 
WOODWORK,  and  UPHOLSTEBY  in  the  same  satisfactory  manner  that  we  have 
done  Paioting  for  the  past  30  years. 

Our  new  factorfes  and  showrooms  occupy  three  entire  baildinSs.  A  repre- 
sentative will  call  upon  reqaest,  and  you  are  fovited  to  call  and  inspect  the 
followinf  stocks  on  exhibit,  which  are  the  largest  and  most  select  to  be  foaail 
io  New  York :  Wall  Papers.  Mantels.  Andirons,  Li|htin<  Fixtures,  Fabrics, 
Fomitare,  Mirrors,  Antiques,  Clocks.  Caadlesllcks.  Lamps,  Pillows,  etc. 


^ifsalta  ^ximottr  Sc  0on 


:»>234  EatI  37th  Stnal.  NEW  TOII 


VOSKA  FOELSCH  &  SIDLO, 


MARBLE  WORK 

of  EVERY  DESCRIPTION 


ASTORIA,  NEW  YORK,  N.  Y. 


HENDERSON  ANTIQUE  LEADING 


a  AKTiqUS  LEADINO 


CoryrlihEUu  by  F.  W.  Woalwonta 

WOOLWORTII  BUILDIXn.NEW  YORK 

£&  bUxiei  hiitti 

All  Ornaaeitil  and  Plaia  Plastcrisf  by 

H.  W.  MILLER,  Inc 

501  East  Z2d  Street.  New  York  CHy 

Plain  and  Decorative  Plutering, 
ArtiAcial  Caen  Stone,  Ccmtnt 
Stucco.  Concrete  Stone 


3  mention  ArchiK' 


r  and  BulldiDg. 


10 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


FLOORS. 

Corrugated   Bar  Co Buffalo,   N.   Y. 

Marblelold  Co.,  The,  34th  St.  &  Broadway,  N.  Y. 

FLOOR  AND  WOODWORK  POLISH. 

Felton,  Sibley  ft  Co...  136  N.  4th  St,  Phlla.,  Pa. 

FURNITURE. 

Mitchell    Furniture    Co.,    The    Robert, 

Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

GARDEN   FURNITURE,   CEMENT. 

Erkins  Studios,  The.. 231  Lexington  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

GLASS,    ORNAMENTAL. 

Hendereon  Bros .701  First  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

GRAPHITE  PAINT. 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jos Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

HANGERS — House,    Barn    Door. 

Lane    Bros.    Co Poughkeepsle,    N.    Y. 

McCabe  Hanger  Mfg.  Co... 532  W.  22d  St.,  N.  Y. 

HARDWARE. 

American   Hardware   Corporation,   The. 

New    Britain,    Conn. 
Chicago  Spring  Butt  Co.  .Chicago,  111. ;  New  York 

Corbln,  P.  ft  F New  Hrltain.  Conn. 

Hoegger,   J.  A 41  Hutton  St.,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

Stanley    Works,    The,    Dept    B. 

New  Britain.  Conn.,  and  79  Chambers  St.,  N.  Y. 

HEATING    APPLIANCES.      (Also    see    Boilers.) 
Gorton  &  Lidgerwood  Co.. 96  Liberty  St.,  N.  Y. 

HINGES— Spring,  Ballbearing,   Etc. 

Bommer  Bros... 257  Classon  Av.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Chicago    Spring    Butt    Co., 

Chicago,   111. ;   New  York 
Stanley  Works,  The New  Britain,  Conn. 

HOLLOW    TILE. 

Carter,   Black   &   Ayers..ll82   Broadway,   N.   Y. 

HOT-WATER  BOILERS— Copper. 

Badger  &  Sons  Co..   E.  B.. 

63-75  Pitt  St..   Boston,   Mass. 

IRON    WORK—Ornamental    and    Structural. 

Bagues  Freres  Co... 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New   York 
Polachek    Bronze    and    Iron    Co.,    John, 

480-494  Hancock  St.   and  577-591   Boulevard, 

Long  Island  City. 
Wlnslow    Bros.    Company,    The, 

New    York-Chicago 

JAIL  AND   PRISON   WORK. 

Van   Dorn   Iron  Works  Co Cleveland,   O. 

JOIST    HANGERS- (Steel). 

Lane    Bros.    Co Poughkeepsle.    N.    Y. 

Van   Dorn   Iron  Works   Co Cleveland,   O. 

LIGHTING  FIXTURES— Gas  and  Electric. 

Bagues  Freres  Co 705  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York 

Bayley  &  Sons...  .:^  West  28th  St.,  New  York 
Browe  Co.,  The,  9-11  Franklin  St.,  Newark,  N.  J. 
Consolidated  Chandelier  Co.,  132  West  14th  St., 

New    York    City. 

LIGHTNING  RODS. 

Jones,    T.    W 22    Burling    Slip,    N.    Y. 

Washburne  ft  Co.,  E.  G...209  Fulton  St.,  N.  Y. 


LOCKS.   ETC. 

American  Hardware  Corporation, 

New   Britain.    Conn. 
Corbln.    P.   A  F New   Britain,    Conn. 

MANTELS,  FIREPLACES,    ETC. 

Erkins  Studios.  The,  231  Lexington  Ave.,  N.  T. 
Jackson  Co.,  Wm.  H..2  W.  47th  St,  N.  Y. 
Jamestown  Mantel  Company,     271  West  125th  St.. 

New  York  City. 

MARBLE   WORKERS. 

Batterson  ft  Blsele,  Times  Building.  New  York 
Cork  A  Zlcha  Marble  Co., 

325-327    B.    94th    St,    New    York 

McLaury  Marble  Co 103  Park  Ave..  N.   Y. 

Voska-Foelsch  A  Sldlo,  Astoria.  New  York,  N.  Y. 

METAL  CEILINGS. 

Berger  Mfg.   Co.,   The Canton.   O. 

METAL  DOORS  AND  TRIM. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co ..  Jamestown,  N.  Y. 
Knoburn   Company. 

3o9-363  14th  St,  Hoboken,  N.  J. 
Star  Fire  Proof  Door  and  Sash  Co.,   Inc.. 

2650  Park  Ave..  New  Ycrk  C:ty 

METAL  LATHING. 

Greenfield,  Inc.,  Arthur 204  E.  26th  St..  N.  Y. 

METAL   LUMBER. 

Berger  Mfg.  Co.,  The Canton,  O. 

METALLIC    OFFICE   FURNITURE. 

Berger   Mfg.   Co.,  The Canton.  O- 

Van  Dom  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland.  O. 

METAL  SASH  AND  FRAMES. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Co.  .Jamestown.  N.  Y. 
Kalamein  Company.  The,  Long  Island  City.  N.  Y. 
Knoburn  Company.  .365  14th  St.  Hoboken.  N.  J. 
Pomeroy    Co.    (Inc.),    S.    H., 

427  W.  13th  St.,  N.  Y. 
Star   Fireproof   Door   and    Sash    C!o., 

2650  Park  Ave.,  New  York 

METAL  WINDOWS. 

Pomeroy   Co.    (Inc.),   S.   H., 

427    W.    13th    St.,    New    York 
Volgtmann   ft   Co..   427   W.   13th   St,   New  York 

MINERAL  WOOL. 

U.  S.  Mineral  Wool  Co 140  Cedar  St,  N.  Y. 

MOTORS,    ELECTRIC,   ETC. 

Sprague  Electric  Works,  527-531  West  34lh  St, 

New   York   City. 
PAINTING   CONTRACTORS. 

Barker  Painting  Co.,   The.    355  West  2Gth  St.. 

New    York    City. 

Bucclnl,  Alberto 347  5th  Ave.,  New  York 

Cohn.  Isaac 892  Broad  St,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Grimmer  ft  Son,  Charles,  230  E.  37th  St.,  N.  Y. 

McKay,  Inc.,  Peter.  167  E.  60th  St,  New  York 
Ognlbene,  Andrea.  174  West  109th  St,  New  York 
Wegmann,    John,    2291-2293    Broadway.    N*.    Y. 

PAINTS  FOR  COATING  AND  PRESERVING  IRON 
AND  STEEL. 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jos Jersey  City,  N.  J- 

PAINTS,  OILS,  VARNISHES.  WOOD  FILLING,  etc. 

De  Soto  Paint  Mfg.  Co.,  Memphis.  Tenn.,  A  N.  Y. 

Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jos Jersey  City.  N.  J- 

Felton,   Sibley  ft  Co., 

136  N.  4th   St.  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

PLASTER  WORK— Plain.  Ornamental  Models. 

Cathcart  ft  Kissel  1,  45  West  34th  St,  New  York. 

Miller,  H.  W 22d  St  and  Ave.  A,  New  York 

Monument  Plaster  Co Harrison,  N.  J- 

PLUMBERS. 

Cornell    Company.   W.   G.. Everett   BIdg.,  N.  Y. 


AKCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


TILE  WORK  BY 


Wm.  H.  Jackson  Company 

2-4-6  WEST  47tli  STREET 
NEW  YORK  CITY 


With  700  bath  and  shower  rooms,  tile 
walls  and  floors.  All  service  portions 
treated  similarly. 

AdrertlaemeDtB— Wbea    vrltlni   AdTerti«n.    pIbsh    mention    Arcliltwtun>   and    BuIMIdr. 


Classified  Advertisements— Continued 


PRONG  LOOK,   STUDS  A^^D 

Berger  Ms.  Co.,  The CaniOD,  O. 

PUBLISHERS. 

Comstock  Co..  The  W.  T..  .23  Wsrren  St..  N.  Y. 

Concrete  AEe.  Tbe Atlanta,   O«orat> 

Manual    Aris    Press,    Tbe, 

300  German  Fire  Insur.  B1dg„  Pearia,  111. 

PUI-LEyS, 

Grant    Pulley    «    Hardware    Co., 

3  W.  29lh  St.,  N.  Y. 

REFRIGERATORS,    PORCELAIN,  ETC. 

Tetleabam    Befrlgeratur    Co ClDCluaatl,    O. 

RINGS(Br<dle    Corner  Brare,  Bridle),  Sebco  Aerial 
Star  Expansion  B[>)t  Co.,  147- 149  Cedar  St.,  N.  Y. 

ROLLING  DOORS  AND   SHUTTERS— Steel. 
Grant   Pulley   and   Hardware  Co., 

3  W.  2etb  St..  New  York  City 
Wileon    Mfg.    Co..   James  G., 

3   W,   aOlli  St..   New   York 

ROOPLN'G  AND  ROOFING  MATERIALS. 

BarreU  Mlg.  Co... New  York,  N.  Y. 

HUGS. 

Bollenlln  ft  Tbaniu.son,  :U  Ualon  Sq.,  New  York. 
SASH   CHAINS. 

Morton,  Thomaii 169  Elm  St..  N.  Y. 

Victor    Sash     Chain    Co. 
SASH  PULLEYS— Iron.  Braaa.   BroDie, 

Grant  PulIeT   ft  Hardware  Co.. 

a    W.    2»th    St.,    N.    Y. 
SHOW  BR   BATHS. 

Horrmann  ft  Billings  Mfe.  Co..  Milwaukee,  Wis. 
SIDEWALK   LIFTS. 

Speidel,  J.  Q Reading,  Pa. 

SIDEWALK  LIGHTS. 

The  Barger  UIg.   Co Canton,   O. 

SIGNS,   CHANGEABLE.    ETC. 

Kinney    Co.,    C.   M...3  W.    2Sth    St.,    New    York 

V.  8.  ChBDEeable  Slati  Co.. 

5    W,    29tti    St.,    New    York 
SKYLIGHTS, 

National  Ventilating  Co,. 339  E.  2«lta  St..  N.  Y. 

Roslindale    (Boaton),    Maes, 
SODA  FOUNTAINS. 

Haussllng  Soda   Apparatus  MFg,   Co.. 

24    Arlington   St..   Newark.   N.    J. 
SPRING  HINGES. 

Bommer  Bros 237  Claiaon  Ave..  Bklyn,  N.  Y. 

Cbloago  Spring  ButI  Co.. 

Chicago.    III.:    New     York 
SPRINKLER  SYSTEMS. 

Automatic    Sprinkler    Co.    of    America 

123  William    SI.,    New   York   City 
General  Fire  Extinguisher  Oo.. 

Rockwood  Sprinkler  Co. .  .123  William  St.',  n!  v'. 
STEEL    BUILDINGS. 

Van  Dora  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland.  O. 

STEEL  JOIST  HANGERS. 

Lane  Bros.   Co Pougbkcepsie,   N.   Y. 

Van  Dorn  Iron  Works  Co Cleveland.  O. 

STEEL  SHUTTERS.   ROLLING,  ETC. 

Wilson  Mtg,  Co..  James  G., 

5  W.  29th  St.,  -Vew  York 
STUCCO, 

Monument    Plaaler    Co Harrison,    N.    J, 


SUBSCRIPTION   AGENCIES. 

Bevll    Subscription    Agency Atlanta.    G>. 

SWITCHBOARDS.  PANELS,  ETC. 
Metropollun   Electric   Utg.  Co., 

14th    St.   ft    East   Ave.,    Long   Island    CItr 
TACKLE    BLOCKS    (Automatic). 

Lane  Broa.   Co Poughkeepale,   .N.    Y. 

TERRA   COTTA. 

Federal   Terra  Cotta   Co.,  Ill   Broadway,   N.    Y. 
New    Jersey   Terra   CotU   Co..   The. 

Slnrer  Building.  New  York. 
New   York  Architectural   Terra  Cotia   Co.. 

223  Fifth  Ave..   New  York 
Northwestern  Terra  Cotta  Co,, 

1000   Clyboum    Ave,.    Chicago 
TILE. 

American  Encaustic  Tiling  Co.,  Zanesvllle.  Ohio. 

16  Bast  40th  St..  New  York. 

Jackson   Co..   Wm.   H.,   2  West  47lh   St.,   N,   T. 

Mueller    Moaalc    Co Trenton.    N.    J. 

TILE  FL30RS. 

Corrugated    Bar    Co Buffalo,    N.    T. 

TYPEWRITERS. 

Remington  Typeiirller  Company New  York 

UPHOLSTERY. 

Qrlmmer  ft  Son.  Charles. 

230-234  E.  3Tth  SI..  New  York 
VACUUM    CLEANERS. 

United  Electric  Co.,  The.  34  Hurtord  BL. 

Canton.    Ohio. 
Spencer  Turbine  Cleaner  Co.,  The, 

620  Capitol   Ave.,    Hanlord.   Conn. 
VACUUM  PUMPS. 

Lelman   Bros..  P.  0 62  John  St.,   N.  Y. 

VAULT  LIGHTS. 

Berger   Mtg.   Co Canton.   O. 

VENETIAN  BLINDS. 

Wilson   MIg.   Co..  Jaa.   G., 

3^  W.    29th    St.,  New   York 
VENTILATING    RIDGING. 

Globe  Ventilator  Co Troy.  N.  Y. 

VENTILATORS. 

Globe   Ventilator   Co Troy,   N.    T. 

Waahburna  ft   Co.,   K.  O.  .200  Fulton  SU.  N.   Y. 

Keystone  Varalsh  Co., 

71   Otsego   St..    Brooklyn.    N.   Y. 
WALL  PLASTER. 

Monument    Plaster    Co Harriaon,    N.    J. 

WATER  FILTERS. 

Loom  is- Manning  Fitter  Co.. 

823  Land  Title  BIdg,.  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
WATERPROOFING, 

Creslt  Waterproollng  Co., 

Commercial   National   Bank   Building. 

Chicago,   111, 
WBATHER  VANES. 

Jones,  Thos,    W 103   Maiden   Lane,    N.  Y. 

Washburne  ft   Co.,    E,   G.. 

200    Fulton    St..    N.   Y. 

WOODWORK,   ARCHITECTURAL.  ETC. 

230-234    B.    3ith    St..    N.    Y. 
Kertacber  ft  Co 13  Lawrence  St..  New  York 

WOOD- WORKING  MACHINERY. 
Barnes  Co,,  W.  F,  ft  John. 

506  Ruby  St,.   Rockford,  III. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


The  Barker  Paintiiig  Co. 

355  W«Bt  26th  St. 
NEW  YORK 

Decoratiig  -  Puatug  •  Wood  Rushtig 


"EQUALITE" 

PATENTED  TRADE  MARK 


BJTLET  &  SONS 

Makers  of  Fine  Equalite 
Semi-  Indirect  Fixtures 


"EQUALITE".  SEMI-INDIRECT 


THEY  EQUALIZE  THE  DIRECT  AN'D  THE 
INDIRECT  REFLECTION,  THEREBY  GIV- 
ING THE  GOOD  RESULTS  OP  BOTH. 

FOR  LIGHTING  EPPICIENCY.  BEAUTY  OP 

DESIGN  AND  EYE  COMFORT  THEY  ARE 
UNEQUALED.    CALL  AND  BEG  THEM, 


36  West  28th  St.,  New  York  City 


Ins  Adverllaen.  pies 


e  and  BtilldiDK. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


AdiertUementB— Wben    writing    AuvertlBera.    pleue   meDtiOD    Architecture    and    BuUdlDg. 


iti 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


A  Matter  of  Location 

You  will  find  it  interesting  to  run 
through  the  pages  of  this  issue,  and 
see  the  number  of  ornate  apartment 
buildings  in  which  New  York  Archi- 
tectural Terra -Cotta  has  been  used. 

For  such  preference  of  this  Com- 
pany many  reasons  exist.  A  recently 
enhanced  reason  is  our  location. 

The  red  car  marked  "Long  Island 
City  via  Queensboro  Bridge"  which 
crosses  42nd  Street,  thence  up  3rd 
Avenue  to  59th,  stops  at  the  Vernon 
Avenue  Tower.  A  passenger  elevator 
runs  in  the  tower,  which  is  across  the 
street  from  our  Main  Office  and  Works. 

Naturally,  Architects  with  compli- 
cated projxKilions  in  Terra-Cotta 
appreciate  the  opportunity  for  person- 
al inspection  of  the  work  in  progress. 

New  York  Ardutednral  Terra-Cotta  Co. 

401  Vamon  Atvdu* 
Bsroofh  of  QDoau  N«w  Yotfc  Chj 


nents— When   wrltlns  Advertise 


SiHlcIt  of  Ou/irr flair 
"■"'■' ->l J. C.Ui 


^E  have  a  iptnirficl  colln-iion  o(  PirppW' 
Otu  luBc  illuBtnitcd  rauloviic  D,  full  o(  home  ki 

THE  ERKmS  STUDIOS 

rte  Lartrst  MaHufaclurrrs  ofOriulmrHUl  Suit 
HI  LoiHlUn  Ahii»,  Hew  Tark  FKMrr:  tM-im.  I. 


TheWINSLOW  BROS.  COMPANY 

Oratmtental  Iron  and  Bronze 


I    ATChitHLure   and    BulldlnB 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


I  Wilson's  Venefian  Rlinils  I 


SEBCO 

EXPANSION 

BOLTS 

ThoM  who  know  ahvaya  <le(n«iid  Sebco  Eipunion 
Bolt! — ibey  tit  nmpU.  flexibly  ilion^  rigid  and 
abululeljr  tbe  only  ufe  and  economical  melbod  of 
(aiMuDg  fiihset  to  Walk  Floon  tad  Cdbigi  ol 
concrete.  itoDe,  brick,  etc 


Have  you  rccaved  your  free  uniple — aim 
our  70  page  catalog  No.  41  ibowmg  up-lo- 
dale  methodi  of  faitatiiig  all  kbdi  oE  fiiluni} 

EXPANSION 

BOLT    COMPANY 
147-149  CEDAR  ST.,  NEW  YORK 


STAR 


J 


II  ^Utin  and  Sprorattve  piastpring  || 


I  ■ 


■■nta. — When  writing  Advertise 


ARE   QUALITY    GOODS 

But  cost  no  more  than  inferioi  kiods 


DON'T  ERR  IN  JUDGMENT  when  (pcdfy- 
ing  Bpting  hinges,  vrhich  of  all  hvdnare  perlorm 
the  hardeit  work.  Bomnier  SpriEg  Hinges  never 
fail  to  give  aatiafaction,  and  have  withitood  the 
teit   of  time.      The    Gpringi    never    go    lame. 

illT   Unbreak-w- '^  "        '      ■"    ■  ■• 

Fair  Avn 


All  Who  Figure  on  Hardware 
Contracts  Can  Supply  Them 

BOMMER  BROS..  MlB..  BfOnMra.  N.  Y.  Ba.  U76 

ease  mention  Arcliitecture  and  Bulldlns. 


Architecture  and  BuILDI^ 

A  Magazint  Dtvatid  U  CenUmftrary  Archite(tur»l  Cinstrn{tiin 


Volume  XLIV. 


DECEMBER,    1912 


THE  ARCHITECTURE  OF  LOUIS  H.  SULLIVA 

By  THEODORE  STARRETT 


WHEN  Mr.  Andrew  Carnegie  re- 
cently stirred  up  the  discussion  of 
the  subject  of  the  world's  twenty  great- 
est men,  a  writer  in  "The  Builder"  pub- 
lished in  London,  has  this  to  say : 

"Mr.  Carnegie's  list  of  twenty  is 
challenged.  It  gives  us  hope  when  it 
is  suggested  that 
sculpture,  painting 
and  music  should  be 
represented.  Some 
of  the  olher  contribu- 
tors who  include 
Leonardo  da  Vinci 
and  Michelangelo,  do 
not  say  in  what 
capacity  they  are 
named,  though  we 
are  inclined  to  say 
that  their  work  as  ar- 
chitects was  not  con- 
sidered :  for  in  the 
epitome  of  votes, 
Michelangelo,  ha  1  f- 
way  down,  is  de- 
scrilied  as  'painter 
and  sculptor."    Is  this  the  qoujen  d. 

more  evidence  of  the  f.vir.  is»3. 

general  unconcern 
about  architecture,  or  cannot  an  archi- 
tect be  found  to  rank  with  engineers,  in- 
ventors, soldiers,  statesmen,  authors,  and 
others  who  have  caught  the  public  eye?" 

The  thought  is  an  interesting  one.  Is 
there  indeed  no  architect  in  all  history. 
who,  as  an  architect,  is  entitled  to  rani; 


with  the  supremely  great  ?  Is  ther , 
ing  or  dead,  an  architect  whose  me 
will  not  pass  almost  as  quickly  a- 
body  turns  to  dust?    Not  even  the 


.'\rchi lecture  is  a  much  misunder: 
thing.  The  title  of  architect  seer- 
carry  with  it  a  1 
amount  of  re:. 
The  profession 
most  honorable 
Not  so  intimate 
commonplace  as 
profession  of 
law,  or  medicini 
more  stable — lesi; 
hemian  if  you  f 
— than  that  of 
painter  or  the  s 
tor.  There  is 
posed  to  be 
bread  and  butte 
tached  to  it  v 
the  sister  arts 
For  all  that  it 
mystery  and  my 
tORW.Ay.  TRANS-       is  not  liked   in 

LDi.VG.  WORLD'S  ,  ,,r       i, 

days.  We  havt 
rived  at  the  ag 
advertising,  the  age  of  iconoclasm. 
newspapers  and  magazines  tell  c 
thing.  There's  no  more  privac_i 
secrecy.  The  architect  has  to  deal 
the  general  public  more  and  more. 
much  longer  will  he  find  praise 
his  fellow  architects  of  any  use  to 


470 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Membership  in  this  or  that  mutual  ad- 
miration society  will  not  gain  him  com- 
missions. He  must  turn  about  face  and 
try  to  please  the  public. 

Maybe  this  won't  be  such  a  terrible 
thing  either.  The  public  is  learning  and 
learning  fast.  Cultured  men  and  women 
who  are  not  architects  are  beginning  to 
talk  to  the  public  about  architecture. 
Their  position  is  unbiased  and  their  ad- 
vice  is   taken   on   its   merits.     Here   is 


their  works.  To-day,  with  a  thousand 
artifices  they  must  wring  orders  out  of 
the  neglectful  ill-will  of  an  epoch  whose 
monuments  and  decorations  seem  rather 
a  superfluous  load  than  a  beau  tifi  cat  ion. 
"The  artistic  mediocrity  of  our  time 
is  surpassed  only  by  the  superficiality 
and  confusion  of  our  tastes.  What 
seems  supremely  elegant  and  handsome 
one  year  is  despised,  neglected,  forgot- 
ten, the  next.    All  the  styles  of  the  past 


what  Mr.  Guglielmo  Ferrero,  the  great  and  the  present  gjrate  before  us  like 
Italian  commentator,  has  to  say  about  the  scenes  in  a  cinematograph  moved 
the  subject  in  an  essay  published  within     by  changeable  fashion.     Every  scene  is 


the  last  four  or  five 
months : 

"Man  is  not  yet 
satisfied.  He  finds 
pretexts  and  motives 
innumerable  for  com- 
plaint. Among  them, 
the  one  oftenest  re- 
peated, is  that  the 
world  is  growing 
ugly.  If  in  our  cities 
there  stands  yet  some 
beautiful  quarter,  it 
is  almost  always  old. 
In  historical  cities 
the  new  parts  are 
shocking.  And  cities 
quite  new,  especially 
^ose  coming  up  dur- 
ing the  last  century  in 
America,  appear  to 
an  artist's  eye  oftenest  like 
chamber  of  the  Inferno. 

"Architecture  is  become  the  mother 
of  monstrosities.  Sculpture  and  paint- 
ing are  reduced  to  the  condition  of 
wandering  orphans  that  hard  times  have 
driven  from  their  former  home. 

"They  know  not  where  to  gol  Once 
they  were  the  two  supreme  among  the 
decorative  arts.  In  days  when  the  mul- 
titude willed  to  have  cities  and  monu- 
ments adorned,  they  had  a  definite  pur- 
pose to  fulfill:  they  knew  where  to  place 


THE  AUDITORIUM,  CHICAGO. 


ante- 


ad  m  i  r  e  d  for 
moment,  then  forgot- 
ten by  the  restless 
fickleness  that  is 
hunting  everywhere 
for  the  beautiful, 
nowhere  to  be 
found." 

I  have  no  patience 
with  those  who  have 
found  fault  with 
American  architec- 
ture, because  I  have 
noticed  that  generally 
the  fault-finders  were 
architects  themselves, 
and  oftentimes  those 
who  were  loudest  in 
abuse  before  they  had 
had  an  opportunity  to 
design  and  to  build. 
having  once  secured  a  commission,  would 
build  more  "monstrous"  buildings  than 
those  which  they  criticized.  It  has 
seemed  to  me  that  the  faults  of  our 
architecture  were  the  faults  of  our  day, 
of  our  race,  of  ourselves,  and  as  well 
might  one  seek  perfection  in  human 
nature  itself  as  to  that  function  of 
humanity — man's  architecture.  Viewed 
thus,  if  man  is  fallen,  so  is  architecture. 
Why  be  harsh,  or  unkind,  or  critical 
with  our  architecture  any  more  than 
with  each  other? 


THE    ARCHITECTURE    OF    LOUIS   H.    SULLIVAN 


472 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


But  Mr.  Ferrero's  words  apply  to 
European  as  well  as  American  architec- 
ture, even  though  he  may  mean  them 
specially  for  us.  It  is  true  that  mon- 
strosities are  perpetrated  in  the  great 
European  cities  in  spite  of  the  fact  that 
they  do  not  have  to  deal  with 
the  skyscraper,  as  we  do  here  in  Am- 
erica. 

The  skyscraper  has  been  called  the 
Chicago  building  and  I  think  rightly  so. 
Chicago  started  the  skyscrapers.  At  the 
time  of  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition in  1893,  they  were  not  to  be  seen 
anywhere  in  America  except  there,  and 
the  distinguished  visitors  to  that  great 
show  had  the  chance  to  see  them  in  all 
their  glory,  for  the  Masonic  Temple,  as 
tall  and  as  big  as  any  since,  the  Audi- 
torium with  its  tower  sixteen  stories 
high,  the  Monadnock  Building  and  many 
others  not  so  high,  but  still  real  scrapers, 
were  on  exhibition  outside  the  groundi. 

Two  of  the  young  architects  in  Chi- 
cago in  those  days  were  John  Root,  who 
died  just  as  he  finished  the  planning  of 
the  World's  Fair,  and  Louis  Sullivan,  six 
years  his  junior.  Sullivan  had  been  a 
student  at  the  Ecole  des  Beaux  Arts 
and  he  brought  to  his  work  a  knowledge 
of  the  French  architecture,  which  he 
used  just  as  an  educated  man  nowadays 
uses  Latin.  But  he  did  not  try  to 
talk  Latin  to  the  Americans.  He  talked 
American  and  maybe  he  will  some  day 
be  recognized — in  fact  I  think  he  is  be- 
ginning to  be  recognized — as  an  archi- 
tect whose  name  would  be  put  in  the 
list  of  twenty,  by  a  public  that  has  been 
going  to  school  for  the  last  few  years. 

We  find  Louis  H.  Sullivan  in  part- 
nership with  Dankmar  Adler,  who  was 
the  Burnham  of  his  firm,  designing  and 
building  in  1889,  at  33  years  of  age,  the 
Auditorium,  a  building  which  even  at 
this  day  is  one  of  the  most  remarkable 
structures  in  the  world.  A  combined 
theatre,  hotel,  office  building  and  tower. 


whose  size  alone  must  have  made  it  a 
"record  holder"  for  many  a  day,  and 
whose  fame  doubtless  might  have  been 
kept  more  before  the  public  had  not  the 
press  agent  been  busy  with  other  things. 
Now,  it  may  be  noted  that  there  are 
other  people  than  the  critics  who  are 
finding  fault  with  American  architec- 
ture. I  refer  to  the  authorities.  The 
first  time  I  noticed  the  interference  bv 

• 

the  authorities  with  architectural  frenzy 
was  in  Boston,  staid,  common-sense  old 
Boston.  You  know,  they  have  only  one 
skyscraper  there,  the  Ames  Building,  de- 
signed by  H,  H.  Richardson.  This 
building  is  14  stories  high,  as  I  recollect, 
and  has  a  cornice  which  projects  about 
six  feet  beyond  the  building  line.  Mr. 
Richardson  wanted  to  make  a  bigger 
cornice  but  his  builder,  Mr.  Norcross, 
protested,  so  the  six  feet,  or  whatever 
it  is,  was  a  compromise.  When  the  city 
fathers  saw  this  building  finished  and 
walked  underneath  that  frowning  con- 
struction they  decided  that  they  would 
have  no  more  of  them,  and  they  passed 
laws  in  restraint  of  their  height.  They 
also  forbade  wide  projecting  cornices, 
and  as  a  result  Boston  is  a  town  whose 
buildings  look  like  a  man  with  a  too 
narrow  brimmed  derby  hat  on.  Then 
they  drew  the  line  on  projections  that 
obstruct  the  sidewalk.  This  was  at  least 
ten  years  ago.  Owners  of  buildings  in 
New  York  are  just  now  paying  to  the 
tune  of  a  good  many  hundreds  of  thou- 
sands of  dollars  for  the  removal  of 
porticoes,  stoops  and  other  excrescences 
on  the  fronts  of  buildings  along  Broad- 
way alone  with  no  loss  to  Art,  that  I 
can  discover. 

Tlie  Auditorium,  built  almost  twenty- 
five  years  ago,  was  so  truthfully  con- 
structed that  no  paft  of  it  would  con- 
flict with  the  present  ordinances  of  the 
City  of  New  York  with  respect  either 
to  sidewalk  obstructions  or  projecting 
cornices,  for  its  architect  then,  even  as 


THE    ARCHITECTURE    OF   LOUIS   H.    SULLIVAN 


THE   PRUDENTIAL   BUILDING,    BUFFALO.    1 


now,  preached  and  practiced  the  doctrine 
of  utiHty  and  truth.  The  Auditorium 
building  may  be  said  to  be  twenty-five 
years  ahead  of  its  time,  and  yet  it  is  a 
thoroughly  conventional  building  in  all 
its  general  details.  There  is  nothing 
strange  or  startling  about  it,  and  par- 
ticularly is  it  notable  for  the  almost 
complete  absence  of  ornamentation.  Util- 
ity is  there  in  every  line  of  it :  even  the 


balcony  over  the  entrance  on  Mic  : 
Boulevard  has  its  purpose.  Onl 
cently  have  the  people  of  America  : 
in  the  newspapers  pictures  of  the  i 
dential  candidates  addressing  the  ci  ■ 
from  this  ver>'  balcony. 

The  .\uditoriuni  was  finished  in 
In  1893,  in  the  Transportation  Bu   : 
at  the  World's  Fair.  Sullivan  again    ■ 
a  demonstration.     In  this  building 


474 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


signed  on  strictly  utilitarian  lines,  he 
had  no  more  of  conventionality  than 
would  have  been  used  in  a  peasant's  hut ; 
the  walls  were  flat;  the  wide  overhang- 
ing eaves  served  their  purpose  of  pro- 
tecting them.  The  sensation  about  this 
building  was  color,  bright  and  gaudy, 
helped  by  a  profusion  of  low  relief 
ornament. 

The  Chicago  World's  Fair  marked 
two  things  for  America — one,  the  re- 
vival of  Graeco-Roman-Italian  architec- 
ture, the  other,  the  sprouting  of  the 
seeds  of  an  American  architecture, 
namely,  the  architecture  of  Louis 
H.  Sullivan.  From  that  one  Trans- 
portation Building  and  the  work  of 
that  one  man,  thirty-seven  years  old 
at  the  time  of  the  opening  of  the  Fair, 
has  sprung  an  architectural  style  which 
will  some  day  overthrow  the  conven- 
tional and  artificial  style  in  which  the 
French-trained  American  architects  are 
so  fond  of  working.  When  that  day 
comes  perhaps  the  lay  critics,  the  Fer- 
reros  of  the  future,  may  find  something 
to  praise  in  our  buildings  and  in  our 
architecture. 

What  absurdities  in  construction 
modern  architects  have  to  answer  for, 
to  be  sure!  In  order  to  use  the  classi- 
cal components  the  ground  stories  are 
made  too  dark,  and  very  often  the  story 
heights  are  disarranged.  Windows  are 
made  too  narrow  and  too  low,  to  make 
room  for  the  architecture,  I  suppose; 
then  at  the  top  are  constructed  vast 
overhanging  members  to  preserve  some 
memory  of  the  ancient  architectural 
order.  The  whole  outside  of  the  build- 
ing is  deformed  to  fit  the  preordained 
rules  of  architectural  composition.  Or 
perhaps  the  building  is  designed  with 
more  common  sense,  the  windows  are 
made  large  enough,  and  the  ground  story 
piers  are  made  small  to  let  in  the  light 
where  it  is  needed,  but  over  the  whole 
structure  are  dabbed  and  fritted  archi- 


tectural features  of  some  style  or  other 
Sullivan  has  been  imitated  by  all  sorts 
of  men.     In  residential  work,  which  he 
says  he  is  not  interested  in — ^and   who 
can  blame  him? — he  has  been  copied  by 
thousands,  and  the  copies  may  be  said 
to  be  as  good  as  the  original.     In  sky- 
scrapers he  has  been  copied  by  hundreds, 
and  some  of  the  concoctions  are  terri- 
ble to  say  the  least.     Sullivan  himself 
has  been  prone  to  the  use  of  too  much 
ornament,  but  in  his  own  works  the  un- 
derlying idea  is  ever  present.     His  imi- 
tators, however,  almost  invariably  mis- 
take the  shadow  for  the  substance  and 
spoil  their  work  by  their  poor  guessing. 
The  Prudential  Building  in  Buffalo  has 
been   copied   in   that   samie   town,    in  a 
structure   that   is   enough   to  make   the 
angels  weep,  and  if  Mr.  Ferrero  saw  it 
he  would  say  that  Sullivanism  was  the 
worst  of  all.     In  Buifalo  too,  out  near 
the  N.  Y.  Central  tracks,  is  a  soap  fac- 
tory— but  why  mention  names,  or  hint 
of  unpleasant  things? 

New  York  City  has  one  of  Sullivan's 
greatest  designs,  the  Condict  Building  on 
Bleecker  Street,  a  building  which,  how- 
ever, shows  some  of  the  exuberance  of 
Sullivan's  youthful  ideas;  it  has  too 
much  ornament,  but  viewed  from  a  dis- 
tance, the  ornament  fused  and  softened, 
and  in  spite  of  it  the  plastic  beauty  of 
a  truthful  structure  is  there  for  every 
man  to  see. 

There  are  several  buildings  in  New 
York  of  recent  design  that  seem  to  show 
the  influence  of  this  Condict  Building; 
for  instance,  the  West  Street  Building, 
which  is  spoilt  by  the  conventional 
notion  that  the  fagade  must  have  a  large 
proportion  of  its  top  part  made  up  into 
a  "diflFerent  administration,"  so  to  speak. 
The  Woolworth  Building  is,  as  I  under- 
stand, an  outgrowth  from  the  West 
Street  Building,  Mr.  Woolworth  having 
admired  the  Gothic  style  of  that  struc- 
ture.   What  divinity  it  was  that  induced 


THE    ARCHITECTURE    OF   LOUiS   H.    SULLIVAN 


the  architect  of  the  W'oolworth  Build- 
ing to  make  "one  administration"  of  it 
from  the  bottom  to  the  top  should  be 
most  devoutly  thanked.  The  thing  thnt 
makes  the  W'oolworth  Building  great  is 
the  bold  truthful  leaping  of  the  lines  of 
the  piers  from  the  bottom  to  the  top. 
If  the  balconies  which  serve  for  a  cor- 
nice for  this  structure,  up  at  the  roof  in- 
stead of  a  quarter  of  the  way  down,  as 
in  the  West  Street  Building,  had  only 
been  omitted  the  building  would  be  bet- 
ter still.  Those  projecting  balconies  do 
not  belong.  Fifty  years  hence  the  au- 
thorities will  probably  order  them  to  be 
removed  as  a  menace  to  the  passers-by 
in  the  streets. 


This  is  the  age  of  advertising, 
advertising  is  simply  another  nam' 
enlightenment.  It  is  the  heral 
democracy  and  in  the  last  analysis 
the  means  of  sifting  the  true  fror 
false,  the  genuine  from  the  spui 
Genuine  Sullivan  buildings  are  h 
ning  to  be  differentiated  from  the  s 
ous  ones  and  Sullivan's  fame  is  m 
ing  on.  Some  of  the  great  adver 
should  practice  what  they  preach. 
should  refuse  substitutes.  The  qu( 
is,  what  great  genius  for  publicity 
now  have  Sullivan  build  him  a  buili 
What  great  advertiser  will  becomi 
proud  pos.'^essor  of  a  genuine  Ame 
skyscraper  ? 


HARPER  MEMORIAL  LIBRARY 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CHICAGO 

SHEPLEY,  RUTAN  &  COOUDGE,  Architects 


THIS  commemorative  building  has 
been  erected  and  named  in  honor 
of  WilHam  Rainey  Harper,  the  first 
president  of  the  University  of  Chicago, 
and  it  forms  the  central  building  of  that 
group  of  structures  which  faces  on  the 
Midway  Plaisance.  It  was  started  in  the 
beginning  o£  the  year  1910  and  finished 
in  June  of  this  year,  being  erected  at  a 
cost  of  about  $8a),000.  including  the  fur- 
nishings. The  bnilding,  designed  by 
Shepley,  Rutan  and  Coolidge,  is  Styled 
as  English  Gothic,  inspired  by  example^^ 
in  Cambridge  and  Oxford.  The  buildini^ 
is  of  three  stories  with  six  stories  in  the 
two  towers  which  are  135  feet  in  height. 
The  first  floor  is  occupied  by  class  rooms 
and  executive  offices :  the  second  by  ad- 
ministrative offices  and  working  rooms 
of  the  library ;  the  third  by  the  maiii 
reading  room  with  the  catalogue  room 


and  delivery  room  in  the  west  tower. 
The  east  tower  contains  the  stack  which 
is  built  upon  its  own  foundations,  sepa- 
rate from  the  building.  The  basement 
used  for  storage  is  carefully  water- 
proofed and  dampproofed  with  "Cere- 
sit"  to  protect  its  valuable  contents. 
Bridges  at  the  level  of  the  reading  room 
floor  connect  the  library  building  with 
the  law  building  and  the  Haskell  Oriental 
Museum  building,  giving  access  to  their 
libraries.  In  each  tower  there  is  a  pas- 
.senger  elevator  and  two  stairways. 

The  architectural  detail  of  the  build- 
■ng  is  worked  out  with  great  care.  Fin- 
ished in  stone  within  and  without,  there 
are  numerous  carvings  of  significant 
meaning — the  marks  of  the  early  print- 
ers, coats  of  arms  of  universities,  in- 
scriptions, and  symbolic  and  ornamaital 
designs  inherent  to  the  Gothic  style. 


SCREEN   AT   EAST   KNl)   OF   READIN'f!    KOOM.   THIF 


HARPER   MEMORIAL   LIBRARY 


HARPBU  MEMORIAL  LIBRARY.  VIEWS  FROM  THE  NORTH  AND  FROM  THE 

SOUTHWEST, 
."alprproofed   wHh   '■Cer*Blt."  Sheplev,  Rutsn  &  Coolld 

kiiina'   "Crpscenl"   Exparslon  BollB  T'spd 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THREE  RESIDENCES  AT  EAST  ORANGE, 


AT  East  Orange,  N,  J.,  are  to  be 
found  three  houses  all  designed 
by  Edward  V.  Warren,  and  built 
Ly  Dr.  S.  L.  Good.  The  first  house  is 
tinished  in  stucco  on  galvanized  wire  lath, 
supported  by  the  usual  wooden  framing. 
The  stucco  is  made  of  white  river  sand 
and  white  cement  and  forms  a  clean  con- 
trast to  the  green  Spanish  tile  roof.  The 
living  room  is  finished  in  Circassian  wal- 
nut and  the  hallway  of  Colonial  treat- 
ment in  mahogany  and  white.  The  house 
i=  steam  heated,  has  both  gas  and  elec- 
tric light,  and  has  a  vacuum  cleaner  sys- 
tem piped  in;  the  "TUEC"  stationary 
vacuum  cleaning  system  being  installed 
in  this  and  the  two  other  houses. 

Dr.  Good's  house  is  frame,  with  wide 


clap-boards,    and    is    of    New 
Colonial  type.     Its  square  plai 
economical  and  commodious. 
cated  on   North  Grove  street 
Mr.  McCord's  residence. 

The  residence  for  Mr.  Willi; 
art  Hess  is  on  \'erjion  plac 
finished  in  10-inch  wide  cla 
painted  white  with  a  green 
roof. 

Adjoining  the  living  room  i 
enclosed  porch,  suitable  to  be  ) 
winter  for  a  sun  parlor.  The 
finished  in  white  mahogany  ( 
trim,  with  quartered  oak 
throughout  and  tile  bathroom. 
seven  rooms  and  a  bath,  and 
cost  about  $7,000  to  build. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


RESIDENCE  AT  EAST  ORANGE,  .V.  /. 


RESIDENCE  OF  MR.  WILLIAM  S,  HE: 


,   Warren.  Architect. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


APARTMENT  HOUSES 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THE  HAMILTON.   RIVEHSIDE   IJRIVE 
a:      A.    C.   and  H.   M.   Hall    Realty  Cn 
'    Marble:      Voska.  FoelBCh  &  Sldlo,  Inc. 


AP.^KTMEST  HOiSliS 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


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APARTMENT  HOUSES 


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ARCHITECTVRE  AND  BVILDiNd 


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APARTMENT  HOUSES 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Ruga:  James  McCreer?  &  Co. 


•:  RBGNOR  HALL.WAY. 

Interior  Marble:  Voska.   Foelach   A  Sldlo.  1 
l.lBhllnK   Fixtures:   ConHolldated   ChandHIc 


APARTMEST  HOUSES 


M 
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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


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APARTMEST  HOUSES 


APARTMENT  HOUSE  AT  118  EAST  6*TH  STREET.  I 
lore  Starrett  Co. 
[■eoratlng:  Th*   Barker  PalnllnK  Co. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Kl.TINGK  THEATRE. 
Mural  Palnlinn  und  DecoralloiiH:  Arlhur  BrouneC.  Thom«B  W.  Lkiii 

Star  BipanBlon   Bolla  Used. 
KeystonH    n^t  Finish  fsed. 


ARCHITECTVHh  AND  BUILDING 


Ttockwood    Au 
EvniiB'  "Creseenf   Expnnslnn  Rnlts  Used. 
Olti'  Elevators. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Mm^M^  »  ra^siii^.  1^ 


p^^^£l^:t^g^^gWH^m^f::]^ffT^?^' 


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THE  HOTEL  STATLER,  CLEVELAND,  OHI 


GEORGE  B.  POST 

CLEX'ELAND  now  has  its  new 
Hotel  Statlcr,  designed  in  the 
Adam  style  by  George  B.  Post  and  Sons. 
It  is  built  of  red,  wire-cut  brick,  with 
lower  stories  and  top  of  limestone  and 
icrra-cotta.  It  is  characteristically  a 
hotel  design,  and  displays  the  influence 
of  our  present  day  architectural  habits. 

The  main  lobl)y  is  entered  from 
Euclid  Avenue  and  runs  half  the  depth 
of  the  building,  with  another  entrance 
at  its  far  end  on  East  Twelfth  Street, 
opposite  the  elevators.  It  is  the  main 
thoroughfare  of  the  hotel  as  well  as  the 
lobby  and  waiting  room,  its  alcoves  fur- 
nishing space  for  waiting  guests  and 
visitors  and  its  central  passageway  giv- 
ing access  to  the  desk,  elevators,  tele- 
phones and  various  stalls.  Opening  off 
of  it  are  all  the  main  rooms  of  the 
hotel,  and  overlooking  it  is  a  mezzanine, 
off  of  which  are  to  be  found  the  pub- 
lic rooms  set  apart  distinctly  for  the  use 
of  guests  and  secluded  from  the  tran- 
sient visitor.  The  lobbv  is  in  Botticino 
marble  with  a  color  scheme  of  blue,  old 
ivory  and  gold,  the  shallow  vaulted  ceil- 
ing being  in  low  plaster  relief.  The 
furnishings  consist  of  rugs  of  Chinese 
pattern,  with  furniture  in  Italian  wal- 
nut,  the  chairs  and  lounges  being  luxuri- 
ously upholstered. 

Of  interest  in  the  planning  is  the 
location  of  the  grill,  club  lounge  and 
billiard  room  at  one  end  of  the  first 
floor.  These  rooms  open  directly  from 
the  lobby  and  are  a*  distinct  portion  of 
the  building  set  aside  for  men's  use. 
They  are  luxuriously  furnished  and 
equipped.  Another  interesting  point  is 
the  location  of  the  kitchen  on  the  first 
floor  level,  connecting  with  the  dining 
rooms  and  grill  through  direct  service 
halls,  thus  eliminating  the  necessity  of 


&  SONS,   Architects. 

stairways.  Above  the  kitchen  ( i 
mezzanine  level  is  a  large  service  : 
from  which  service  to  the  banqu  i 
and  private  dining  rooms  is  mos : 
venient. 

Yet  we  must  not  lead  the  rea 
suppose   that   the   efforts   of   the 
tects  were  confined  solely  to  the 
rooms,   for  a  visit  to  the  guest  i 
shows  that  almost  equal  attentio 
bestowed    upon    the    detailing    c : 
chambers  and  parlors.     Herein  li : 
of  the  pleasures  of  the  designer 
ing  in  Adam   style.      He  has  unli 
possibiHties    in    his    building;    a 
rooms  are  open  to  him.     The  par 
a  suite  or  the  great  ball  room  ar: 
susceptible      to      a      harmonious 
sympathetic    treatment;     in    the 
room    a    wealth    of    ornament,    ii 
smaller   and   more    intimate   chan 
plain  treatment,  yet  with  the  two 
together     in    architectural     spirit, 
finding  its  place  in  the  great  co 
tion  that  makes  the  whole.     To  sii 
fully  style  such  a  structure  is  a  ci 
ble  feat,  and  the  present  renditio; 
be  judged  from  the  accompany in^^ 
trations. 

The  site  occupied  by  the  build 
104  i)y  379  feet.     The  building  co 
seven  hundred  guest  rooms  and  an 
number   of   baths,   one    for   each 
The    structure    is    of    steel,    firepii 
with    concrete    and    hollow    tile, 
woodwork  throughout  is  of  mahc 
and  the  doors  and  trim,  moulding 
furniture  are  all  designed  with  an  ; 
ance    of    hollows    and    recesses 
tends   towards   cleanliness,    makini 
possible     the     lodgment     of     du 
crevices. 

Throughout   the   service   portior 
trim   and   doors   are   all    hollow 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THE   HOTEL   STATLER  501 

shower  or  bath.  All  the 
bathroom  fixtures  back  on 
vent  shafts,  the  plan  being 
so  arranged  that  the  vent 
shafts  run  between  two 
bathrooms.  These  vent 
shafts  contain  all  the  pip- 
ing and  the  shortest  con- 
nection from  the  fixtures 
is  provided  to  the  vertical 
plumbing  lines.  Valves  to 
the  fixtures  are  located  in 
the  shafts. .  The  bathroom 
t:(|uipment  throughout  is 
staiulanlizcd.  Iieing  reduced 


ul 

the  water  to  suit  for  either        Ji'l"' 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Tiling:    Wm.  H,  Jhi 

Tllea  Furnished  by  American    Kni^iisiic  tij. 
\ng  Co..   Ltd. 

to  a  few  standard  arrangements.  Ac- 
cess to  the  shafts  is  obtained  in  each 
bathroom  through  an  opening  behind  the 
medicine  closets,  which  have  no  outer 
doors  and  are  recessed  into  the 
wall. 

The  elevators  are  grouped  in 
one  battery,  there  being  four 
passenger  cars  backed  by  three 
service  cars.  The  passenger 
cars  open  into  a  public  corridor 
and  the  service  cars  into  a  ser- 
vice hall  on  each  floor.  In  this 
way  the  two  systems  are  separ- 
ated and  the  large  size  of  the 
service  hall  provides  ample  room 
for  baggage  without  cluttering 
up  the  public  passageways. 

The  builder  of  the  Hotel 
Statler  was  J.  L.  Stuart.  The 
exterior  limestone  was  supplied    Ejpp,rip 


by  the  Ingalls  Stone  Company,  and 
the  ornamental  iron  work  was  done  by 
Winslow  Bros.  Company.  The  In- 
terior Metal  Manufacturing  Company 
supplied  the  fireproof  steel  doors, 
bronze  doors  and  metal  trim  throughout. 
The  non-bearing  partitions  are  of 
gypsum  blocks. 

The  William  H.  Jackson  Company  put 
in  the  tiling  in  the  700  bathrooms  and 
the  barber  shop,  making  a  clean  and  sani- 
tary wall  finish.  The  tiles  were  fur- 
nished by  the  American  Encaustic  Tiling 
Company,  Ltd.  The  equipment  of  the 
shower  baths  with  the  regulating  devices 
was  installed  by  Hoffmann  and  Billings 
Manufacturing  Company. 

Floor  tiles  in  the  dining  rooms  of  the 
main  floor  were  supplied  by  the  Mueller 
Mosaic  Company.  In  the  Pompeian 
room  a  special  tiling  was  used  as  a  wain- 
scot about  the  columns.  The  nigs 
throughout  the  lobby  were  furnished  by 
Bollentin  and  Thompson.  The  mechani- 
cal equipment  of  the  buildii^  is  motor 
driven  and  there  are  40  Sprague  electric 
motors  in  use  which  were  made  by  the 
Sprague  Electric  Works.  The  hardware 
throughout,  which  is  of  special  design- 
was  made  by  P.  and  F.  Corbin. 


STORE  FOR  L.  BAMBERGER  &  CO.,  NEWARK 

JARVIS  HUNT,  Archiieci. 
DEMOLITION    of    the    old    build-     4,000  persons  an  hour.     The  U 


D-^ 


ings  on  the  site  of  the  new  Bam-  mated  capacity  of  this  traiific  e(  : 

berger  store   began   in   February.   1911.  is  200,000  persons  a  day.     Th  ■ 

Its  progress  early  in   1912  is  shown  by  combined   ventilating   and    heat  ■ 

an  illustration,   and   the   finished  build-  tem  with  air  washer  capable  of  . 

ing    was    opened    October    16th.      The  air    supply   of   225,000   cubic 

building   is   of    L-shaped   plan,   with   a  minute. 

frontage  of  144  feet  on  Maritet  Street,         The  store  is  most  efficiently   [ 

235  feet  on  Halsey  Street,  and  117  feet  and  laid  out  as  to  its  sales  depa  ■ 

on     Washington    Street.       It     is    eight  there    being    wide    aisles    betw 

stories    high    with    basement    and    sub-  counters,    and    there    has    been 

basement.      The  ceiling    height    of    the  provision  for  the  convenience  a  i 

main  floor  is  ly  feet,  and  the  basement  fort  of  the  store  patrons.    The  s 

and   other   stories   are   of   good   height,  tures  throughout  are  of  mahog<  i 

aiding  the  natural  lighting  and  ventila-  there  is  a  profusion  of  chairs  of 

tion.     There   are   six   entrances   to   the  types  for  the  convenience  of  pu 

store,   five  for  the  public  and  one   for  in  the  various  departments.     T1 

employees.     There   is  an  Otis  elevator  6.626  feet  of  wall  cases,  3,233 

equipment  of  ten  public  passenger  cars  show  cases,  2,073  feet  of  count  ■ 

divided  into  two  batteries  of  five  each,  745  tables  of  different  sizes.     Ti 

one    car    for    employees,    and    five    for  floor  space  is  over  500,000  squ;  ■ 
freight.     The  public  passenger  cars  are         The  entire  building  is  equipp. 

5'/!   feet  deep  and  8J^  feet  wide.     The  automatic    sprinklers,    installed 

doors  open  the  entire   front.     In  addi-  General     Fire     Extinguisher    Gi 

tion  to  the  elevator  equipment  there  is  There  are  6,100  Grinnell  heads 

an   escalator   equipment   from   the   first  system,  divided  into  five  section 

to  the   sixth   floor,  capable  of  carrying  section  having  a  6-inch  independi: 


MARKET  STREET  STORE  FRONT. 
1  Windows:     The  WInalow  Bros.  Go. 
erra-Cotta:      Federal    Terra-Cotta   Co. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


tlirougliimt  the  building  and  controlled 
by  independent  shut-ofF  and  draw -off 
es  on  each  floor,  so  that  each  section 
on  each  floor  may  be  controlled  separ- 
ately. All  lateral  piping  is  concealed, 
the  sprinklers  being  pendent,  except  in 
a  few  |)ortions  such  as  the  enclosed  fire 
stairways,  and  on  the  eighth  story,  where 
s  i  there  is  oiien  piping.  The  plan  given  on 
page  504  locates  tbe  riser*  and  sources 
of  water  supply. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


THE    BAMBERGKR    STORE.      A    MAIN   FIXIOR  COUNTER   AND   THE   RESTAURANT 
ON   THE    FIFTH   FlX)OR. 
nent  Wood  Chalra:     Jui'ob  &  Jnevt  Krihn.  Jarvis    HUnl,    Archlli^ot 

FlKtur-'B  Made  and  Erected  by  The  Robert  Mitchell  Furniture  Co. 
Grliinell   Automatic   Sprinkler  Equipment. 
TllCB  Furnished  by  Amerjtan  tinuauBllc  TUinK  Co..  l,td. 
Uehtlne    Fixtures:      The   Brow<>   Co.  Keyatona  Flat  Finish  Used, 

Spencer  Turbine  Vacuum  Cleanlner  SyBlem. 
Kitchen  Equipment:     Bramhall,  Deaoe  Co. 


THE   BAMBERGER   STORE 


I  % 


The  water  supply 
comes  from  one  8-in. 
and  one  6-in.  con- 
nection to  city  high 
pressure,  feeding  the 
sprinklers  at  a  pres- 
sure of  140  lbs.  per  sq. 
in.  at  the  base  of  the 
risers.  There  are  also 
two  6-in.  connections 
to  city  low  pressure 
water  supply,  which  is 
about  35  lbs.  per  sq. 
in.  A  second  source 
of  supply  is  from  a 
Thousand-gallon  per 
minute  steam  under- 
writers' fire  pump 
taking  suction  from  a 
suction  tank  in  the  sub-basement,  which 
is  fed  automatically  from  the  city  mains. 
In  addition  the  sprinkler  system  can  be 
fed  by  tlie  city  fire  department  through 
a  series  of  outside  Siamese  fire  depart- 
ment connections  so  arranged  that  the 
entire  system  may  be  fed  from  any  one  of 
the  connections. 

There   is   a   supervisory   system   con- 


THE  BAMBERGER  SODA  POUNTAl... 
Haussllnsr  Soda  Apparatus  ISte.   Co. 
Bent  Wood  Stools:    Jacob  &  Joaef  Kohn. 


Greenfield,  Inc.,  supplied  the  metal  lath. 
Isaac  Cohn  did  the  painting  and 
decorating,  and  tiles  for  floorii^  were 
supplied  by  the  American  Encaustic  Til- 
ing Company,  Ltd. 

The  store  fixtures  were  manufactured 
and  erected  by  the  Robert  Mitchell 
Furniture  Company,  and  bent  wood 
chairs  and  store  furniture  used  by  the 


netted   with  the  sprinkler  system,  each     customers    throughout    the    store    were 


valve  having  an  alarm  device  so  that  if 
it  is  tampered  with  or  disturbed,  an 
alarm  is  immediately  communicated  to 
the  engine  room  on  the  premises,  and  at 
the  same  time  to  the  headquarters  of 
the  American  District  Telegraph  and 
Messenger  Company  in  Newark.  In 
this  way  the  entire  sprinkler  system  is 
under  supervision  day  and  night. 

The  George  A.  Fuller  Company  built 
the  Bamberger  store.    The  architectural 


made  by  Jacob  and  Josef  Kohn,  Rubber 
mattings  and  perforated  mats  were  sup- 
plied by  the  New  Jersey  Car  Spring  and 
Rubber  Company.  The  soda  water  foim- 
tain  was  installed  by  the  Haussling  Soda 
Apparatus  Manufacturing  Company,  and 
is  chilled  by  brine  pipes  from  the  centra! 
refrigerating  system  of  the  store.  The 
lighting  fixtures  were  put  in  by  the  Browe 
Company,  Metropolitan  detachable 
mechanical    flush    switches    were    used 


terra-cotta,  which  is  largely  the  exterior     throughout.     The  ' 


material,  was  made  by  the  Federal 
Terra-Cotta  Company.  The  ornamental 
iron  windows  and  interior  work  were 
done  by  the  Winslow  Bros.  Company, 
The  William  G.  Maher  Company  were 
the  carpenter  contractors.  Cathcart  and 
Kissell   did   the  plastering,  and   Arthur 


1  cleaning  sys- 


tem is  a  25  horse-power  ten  sweeper 
equipment  installed  by  the  Spencer  Tur- 
bine Cleaner  Company.  Newman  watch- 
man's clocks  are  used  by  the  watchmen 
in  the  building.  "Peelle"  counterbalanced 
fire  doors  were  used  at  all  freight  ele- 
vator openings. 


THE  ESCALATOR  FOR  DEPARTMENT  STOI 

Bv  S.    P.  RING 


THE  standard  height  of  modern  tall 
buildings  in  New  York  City  may 
be  considered  at  present  to  be  thirty 
stories.  Towers  like  those  of  the  Metro- 
politan, Wool  worth  and  Singer  buildings 
rise  to  a  still  higher  level.  There  were 
two  problems  which  had  to  be  solved 
before  such  a  standard  became  possible. 
One  of  these  problems  has  to  do  with 
carrying  foundation  construction  to  bed- 
rock or  at  least  to  hardpan.  Engineers 
and  contractors  concerned  especially 
with  foundation  work  have  solved  this 
problem  splendidly.  The  other  problem 
awaiting  solution  was  that  of  making 
each  one  of  the  thirty  stories  almost  as 
accessible  as  the  one  on  the  level  of  the 
street.  The  modem  elevator  is  the  mag- 
nificent solution.  With  a  full  equipment 
of  "express"  and  "local"  elevators,  a 
modern  tall  structure  may  have  thirty 
stories,  the  rental  value  per  square  foot 
of  area  being  approximately  the  same  in 
all.  A  very  considerable  number  of  peo- 
ple visit  such  a  building  daily,  but  the 
number  is  not  enormous.  The  problem 
is  to  handle  a  moderate  stream  of  people 
with  swiftness  and  certainty.  This  the 
elevator  does. 

With  the  great  department  store,  how- 
ever, the  problem  is  quite  different.  At 
certain  hours  of  the  day  the  number  of 
visitors,  in  comparison  with  the  floor 
area,  may  become  very  large.  The  ele- 
vators move  swiftly  enough,  it  may  be, 
but  they  do  not  have  sufficient  capacity. 
People  have  to  wait,  or  are  driven  to  the 
stairways,  or  conclude  they  will  not  visit 
the  upper  floors  at  all.  Then,  again, 
those  who  enter  a  department  store  pay 
little  attention  to  the  location  of  the 
*'main"    entrances.      They    enter    where 


most  convenient.     There  is  a  not 
lustration  of  this  fact  at  Macy's, 
the  large  New  York  department 
The  main  entrance  on  Broadway, 
about  midway   along  the   front 
is  very  moderately  patronized, 
in  considerable  numbers  come  in 
corner,  south  of  this  entrance, 
congestion  of  the  crowds  frequer 
curs.    What  a  department  store  n 
to  state  the  matter  broadly,  an  ec 
tion    of    the    distribution    of    cu« 
over  the  entire  area  of  a  floor; 
addition,  an  equalization  of  the  ; 
bility  of  the  various  floors.     As 
tion   of   this   problem,  the   elevat 
been  found  wanting.     Thus,  in  tl 
of  local  congestions  en  the  grouni 
it   is   only   very   moderately   suo 
because  the  capacity  of  elevators 
pose  of  larg .  numbers  of  people 
is  not  great.     An  elevator  will  i 
small  number  of  people  with  some 
ity;  but  the  total  number  of   tri 
hour  is  limited,   and,  consequent 
aggregate   volume   of   passenger 
handled    is    only    moderate.      In 
words,  the  number  of  people  mo^ 
hour    from    a    congested    locatio 
square  foot  of  floor  space  occup 
the  elevator,  is  insufficint  to  coi 
partment  store  requirements.     Sii 
the  elevator  seems   incapable   of 
porting    sufficiently    large    numb 
people  from  story  to  story  to  e 
them   all,   when   due   regard    is 
economy  of  space  occupied  by  t 
vator  equipment.     No  doubt  enou 
vators  could  be  installed  to  han< 
crowds  and  thus  equalize  the  sto 
thoroughly  as  is  the  case  with  th 
building.    But  the  sacrifice  of  floo 


510 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


makes  this  impracticable.  Another  so- 
lution must  be  found,  and  we  may  re- 
vert to  the  stairway.  It  is  probably 
necessary  to  furnish  buildings  with 
stairways,  irrespective  of  the  presence 
of  other  and  mechanical  methods,  be- 
cause  of  the  necessity  of  providing  exits 
for  fires  and  other  emergencies.  But  the 
use  of  a  stairway,  aside  from  other  con- 
siderations, is  distasteful  to  the  cus- 
tomer. It  represents  hard  work.  We 
turn,  then,  from  elevator  and  stairway 
as  only  partial  solutions.  The  escalator, 
it  is  thought  by  many,  may  solve  the 
problem.  Here  we  have  a  device  which 
never  stops  its  motion.  Its  speed  is  al- 
ways the  same.  It  is  not  particularly 
rapid,  and  it  is  not  advisable  that  it 
should  be,  under  present  conditions.  It 
is  less  than  the  speed  of  the  elevator 
when  the  latter  is  fairly  under  way, 
there  being  no  stops,  however,  and  no 
slow-downs.  Because  of  the  continuity 
of  its  operation,  it  really  has  a  good 
average  speed,  and  is  thus  able  to  handle 
a  great  number  of  people.  An  escalator 
is  really  a  moving  platform,  terraced  in 
the  region  of  ascent,  and  moving  at 
the  rate  of  about  100  feet  per  minute. 
As  the  sections  are  each  i8  inches  wide, 
this  means  that  sixty-seven  of  them  are 
delivered  each  minute.  Now,  if  the 
platform  be  4  feet  wide,  each  section 
may  be  estimated  as  having  room  for 
three  persons;  so  that  there  is  an  esca- 
lator capacity  of  two  hundred  persons 
per  minute,  or  twelve  thousand  per  hour. 
This  is  certainly  ''handling  people,"  and 
by  a  device,  too,  which  occupies  but  lit- 
tle, if  any,  more  room  than  that  occupied 
by  a  stairway.  An  escalator  placed, 
then,  at  a  congested  point  in  a  depart- 
ment store,  may  be  expected  to  draw  off 
])eople  in  a  wonderful  way  and  deliver 
them  to  one  of  the  upper  stories.  Fur- 
thermore, by  connecting  all  the  floors 
with   ascending  and   descending  escala- 


tors a  very  great  deal  is  done  towards 
equalizing  the  accessibility  of  the  differ- 
ent stories.    When  we  have  made  possi- 
ble the  circulation  of  a  stream  of  people 
at  the  rate  of  twelve  thousand  per  hour, 
we  have  done  much.     If  the  conditions 
of  the  store  have  been  sufficiently  studied 
by  the  architect  and  others,  it  should  be 
possible  to  place  escalators  so  that  there 
will  be  no  congestion  centers,  and  the 
upper  stories  will  be  approximately  as 
accessible  as  the  first.  It  is  held  by  many 
that  this  would  work  out  a  wonderful 
revolution   in   department   stores   in   the 
direction    of    economical    management. 
As   the   case    stands   to-day,    the   upper 
stories   have   a   much   lower   value    per 
square  foot  than,  say,  the  ground  floor 
and  the  one  just  above  it.   Some  of  these 
stories  are  visited  daily  by  comparatively 
few  people.     A  great  deal  of  space  is 
given  up  to  relatively  unproductive  de- 
partments, largely  because  a  better  dis- 
position cannot  well  be  made.     If   the 
fifth  story  were  obviously  easy  to  reach, 
it  could  be  given  over  to  departments 
earning  a  much  larger  profit  per  square 
foot  of  floor  space  than  that  resulting 
from  the  present  occupants.     It  is  now 
difficult  to  get  people  to  such  stories  un- 
less they  are  spurred  on  by  some  neces- 
sity or  contemplate  a  considerable  pur- 
chase.     But    with    the    introduction    of 
some    method,    conspicuously    easy,    or 
reaching  any  story  whatever — some  con- 
trivance   adequately    handling    a    large 
number  of  people — the  store  could  allot 
floor  space   to   its   various   departments 
somewhat     in     accordance     with     their 
money-making  power.     The  problem  of 
equalizing  this  earning  capacity  of  the 
different  stories  of  the  department  store 
has    not    been    sufficiently    studied;   but 
while,  generally  speaking,  the  architect 
has  not  yet  giver   X  sufficient  study,  its 
importance  is  unquestioned.     If  the  up- 
per three  stories  can  be  made  as  acces- 


THE    ESCALATOR 


sible  as  the  low<;r  three  are  at  present, 
fifty  per  cent.,  perhaps,  can  be  added  to 
the  value  of  a  six-story  building.  It  is 
precisely  a  similar  question  to  that  con- 
cerning the  relation  between  land  values 
and  railways.  Without  adequate  trans- 
portation facilities,  the  best  land  has  an 
insignificant  value,  while  with  them  the 
value  goes  up  enormously.  This  is  well 
understood  and  very  thoroughly  appre- 
ciated. The  same  conditions  exist  in  a 
ilepartment  store.  If  the  fifth  story  is 
<lilincult  of  access  for  large  numbers  of 
people,  its  value  per  square  foot  is  low ; 
if  evidently  easy  of  access,  the  value 
Kocs  up. 

There  are  however,  situations  in 
which  the  escalator  is  not  advisable.  If 
the  number  of  people  to  be  moved  is  in- 
considerable it  should  not,  ordinarily,  bs 
installed.  It  is  in  point  of  capacity  that 
this  .ipparatus  is  of  pre-eminent  value. 
If  a  department  slorc  has  no  consider- 
able number  of  custonters  through  its 
entrances  daily,  it  is  not  needed.  The 
elevator  solves  whatever  problem  there 
is.  and  at  less  expense.  But  do  not  let 
U-;  make  a  mistake  here.  The  number 
of  visitors  to  the  upper  stories  may  be 


KSC^LATOR  LKADING  TO  S1TH  STHKKT 
FttOM  THE  PENN-SYI.V.AN-|.\  ST.VTIO.N. 
NEW    YORK. 


THE  KSC'ALATOR  IN  USE.  AS  AIIJOINING 
STAIRWAY  DOES  NOT  MKKT  WITH  POP- 
ULAR FA  von. 

to-day  inconsiderable,  and  the  escalator 
still  profitable.  It  all  turns,  largely,  on 
the  number  who  enter  the  store  from  the 
street.  The  fact  that  only  a  compara- 
tively small  nuiiilwr  find  their  way  to  the 
upper  stories  may  be  precisely  because 
of  the  difficulty  of  getting  there.  It  is 
iiu  answer  to  say  that  these  upper  stories 
are  devoted  to  furniture  and  the  like, 
and  that,  therefore,  only  a  few  people 
are  expected.  With  the  escalator,  large 
numbers  can  reach  these  stories ;  and 
this  permit>  of  rearrangement  of  space 
throughout  the  various  departments  in 
accordance  with  their  income-producing 
value.  If  a  sufficient  number  of  people 
enter  the  -store,  the  escalator  enables  the 
owner  to  plan  the  interior  arrangement 
of  his  departments  relatively  to  their 
value  to  him.     This  is  most  important. 

A  consideration  of  the  advantageous 
circulation  of  visitors  to  a  department 
store  affects  not  only  the  proper  distri- 
bution and  allotment  of  space,  but  also 
the  design  of  the  building  itself.  Thus 
ihe  architect  who  wishes  to  construct  a 
building  for  his  client,  and  to  arrange  it 


512 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


most  advantageously,  will  have  to  con- 
sider the  probable  circulation  when 
aided  by  escalators.  This  consideration 
may  very  well  affect  the  size  and  distri- 
bution of  street  entrances.  If  a  building 
is  already  completed,  the  architect  may 
not  be  able  to  arrange  the  installation  of 
escalators  to  the  greatest  possible  advan- 
tage; but  their  installation  even  then 
will  ordinarily  greatly  improve  the 
handling  of  large  masses  of  people.  If, 
however,  at  the  time  the  plans  are 
drawn,  the  architect  takes  into  consid- 
eration the  effect  of  escalators  in  facili- 
tating circulation,  he  will  be  able  to  ob- 
tain very  much  better  results.  This 
statement  is  based  on  the  assumption 
that  the  architect  is  thoroughly  familiar 
with  the  possibilities  involved  in  their 
use.  Those  architects  who  may  be  called 
upon  to  design  great  stores  should  look 
upon  this  subject  as  one  calling  for  seri- 
ous study. 

The  comparative  merits  of  stairway 
elevator  and  escalator  may  be  tested  by 
studying  their  use  in  a  very  large  build- 
ing, such,  for  example,  as  Macy's  de- 
partment store,  in  New  York.  This  store 
is  provided  with  suitable  stairways,  an 
equipment  of  fourteen  elevators  and  a 
series  of  escalators.  During  one  af- 
ternoon in  December,  1906,  three  days 
before  Christmas,  and  at  a  time  when 
there  were  a  large  number  of  people  in 
the  store,  a  count  was  made  of  the  num- 
ber of  those  arriving  by  the  three  meth- 
ods at  the  second,  third,  fourth  and  fifth 
stories.  Of  the  total  number  of  those 
arriving,  thirteen  per  cent,  came  by  the 
stairways,  thirty  per  cent,  by  the  eleva- 
tors and  the  remaining  fifty-seven  per 
cent,  by  the  escalator.  That  is  to  say, 
the  single  escalator  service  was  doing 
nearly  double  the  business  done  by  the 
fourteen  elevators.  This  is  a  significant 
fact.  Considering  the  totals  for  the  four 
upper  stories,  the  stairways  were  no- 
where.     And   yet,    if    we    consider   the 


second  story  alone,  the  stairway  shows 
up  very  well.  The  percentages  here,  dis- 
regarding all  the  stories  above,  were, 
respectively,  thirty-four,  sixteen  and 
fifty.  Those  who  went  to  the  three  up- 
per stories  by  the  stairways  were  very 
few  in  number,  almost  a  negligible  quan- 
tity. A\\  this  shows  that  people  who 
wanted  to  go  to  the  second  story  were 
quite  ready  to  use  the  stairways. 

As   far  as  any  extended  use  is  con- 
cerned, the  stairway  is,  of  course,  obso- 
lete.    But  if  a  building  has  but  a  single 
story  above  the  ground  level,  it  would 
not    be    unreasonable    to    use    stairways 
alone.     There  would  be  little  or  no  use 
of  installing  elevators,  as  the  sixteen  per 
cent,     shows.       Two-story     department 
stores,   however,   are   themselves   pretty 
nearly,  if  not  quite,  obsolete.    The  ques- 
tion, then,  that  we  have  to  consider  is 
with  reference  to  the  comparative  merits 
of  the  elevator  and   the  escalator.     In 
the  third  story  the  deliveries  from  the 
elevators  were  less  than  half  what  they 
were  from  the  escalator.     In  the  fourth 
story  the  ratio  was  ten  to  nine  in  favor 
of  the  escalator.    The  result  in  this  story 
was  perhaps  not  quite  fair  to  the  eleva- 
tors, as  the  attractions  there  were  not 
such  as  to  draw  many  people.     The  es- 
calator itself,  however,  was  put  to  little 
use.     In  the  fifth  story  the  ratio  turned 
in  favor  of  the  elevators,  and  was  about 
three  to  two.    We  learn,  then,  that  if  a 
passenger  wanted  to  go  to  the  fifth  story 
he  would  be  more  likely  to  take  the  ele- 
vator.    In  regard  to  the  other  stories, 
as   between   elevator   and   escalator,   he 
would  take  the  latter,  the  ratios  in  the 
various  stories  in  its  favor  being,  begin- 
ning with  the  second  story,  three  to  one, 
two  to  one,  and  ten  to  one.     The  first 
group   of   percentages  showed  that  for 
all  stories  above  the  street  level,  consid- 
ered together,  the  ratio  in  favor  of  the 
escalator  was  nineteen  to  ten. 

The  foregoing  considerations  are  per 


THE    ESCALATOR 


514 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


haps  insufficient  to  warrant  the  entire 
elimination  of  the  elevator.  But  possi- 
bly they  are  quite  sufficient  to  impel  one 
to  give  serious  consideration  to  the 
question  as  to  whether  it  would  not  be 
better  to  reduce  the  elevator  equipment 
usually  installed  in  the  modern  depart- 
ment store  and  to  increase  the  num- 
ber of  escalators.  A  passenger  who 
proposes  to  go  as  high  as  the  fifth  story 
will  perhaps  prefer  the  elevator.  For 
the  other  stories,  he  chooses  rather  to 
go  by  the  escalator.  If  this  statement 
of  the  case  is  correct,  then  the  rule  ap- 
pears to  be:  use  a  few  elevators  for 
the  upper  stories  and  escalators  for  the 
others. 

In  the  Pennsylvania  station  on 
Seventh  Avenue,  New  York,  the  trains 
enter  by  tunnels,  and  discharge  their 
passengers  far  below  the  street  level. 
Under  such  conditions,  it  will  be  seen 
at  once,  that  the  problem  is  one  of 
transportation  to  the  street.  It  is  too 
much  to  ask  the  passenger  to  go  up  by 
the  stairway,  if  he  does  not  care  to  do 
i'O.  If  a  railroad  company  fails  to  pro- 
vide some  positive  mechanical  appliance 
for  taking  people  up  to  the  street  from 
the  lower  levels,  it  fails  in  the  matter  of 
completing  the  transportation  of  its  pas- 
sengers. Surely  no  one  wants  to  be  set 
down  by  a  railroad  company  at  the  bot- 
tom of  a  hole  in  the  ground.  While  ele- 
vators have  been  tried  in  such  situations, 
it  has  been  found  that  any   reasonable 


equipment  of  them  is  totally  inadequate 
for  carrying  off  a  crowd  of  people  with 
proper  dispatch;  and  it  is  just  here  that 
the  escalator   is   indicated  as   the   solu- 
tion of  the  problem.     A  moderate-sized 
escalator  is  able  to  take  care  of  a  great 
number    of    people    very    expeditiously. 
This  is  because  it  never  stops,  and  does 
not,  as  a  whole,  have  to  return  to  the 
point  of   starting,   as   does   an   elevator 
which   serves   the   sub-surface   platform 
of    a    railway.      On    the    Thirty-fourth 
Street    side    of    its    great    station,    the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company  has  in- 
stalled a  fine  escalator.     A  stairway  is 
arranged  at  one  side,  so  that  the  com- 
parative popularity  of  the  two  may  be 
readily    noted.      The    escalator    here    is 
constructed  all  in  one  flight,  as  there  is 
no  reason  for  passengers  getting  on  or 
off    between    the    termini.       The     rise 
amounts  to  35   feet,  equivalent,  say,  to 
the   elevation   above    the   ground    level, 
of  the  third  story  of  a  department  store. 
In  the  comparison  between  the  stairway 
and  the  escalator  and  in  respect  to  the 
number  of  passengers  discharged  in  the 
third  story  at  Macy's,  the  ratio  in  favor 
of  the  escalator  was  fifteen  to  one  on 
that  afternoon  of  the  Christmas   shop- 
ping   period.      The    comparative    popu- 
larity of   the   two   at   the   Pennsylvania 
Railroad  Station  would  appear  to  be  in 
accord  with  this,  the  ratio  being  perhaps 
still  more  largely  in  favor  of  the  esca- 
lator. 


Architecture  and  Build 

A  Magazine 
Devoted  to  Contemporary  Architectural  Constructi< 

ESTABLISHED  1882 


VOL.  XLIV 

JANUARY,   1912  —  DECEMBER,   1912 


NEW  YORK 

THE  WILLIAM  T.  COMSTOCK  COMPANY 

U  WARREN  STREET 


Copyrlgbt,    WV2.  by   The   William  T.  Comstock  Company. 


Architecture  and  Building 


VOL.  XLIV 

January,  1912  —  December,  1912 


INDEX 


ARTICliKS.  Pase 

Architectural  Desigrn,  Harvard  University.  201 
Arcliltectural    Hesemblances 349 

By  "J.  L." 
Architecture  of  Louis  H.  Sullivan.  The..    469 

By  Theodore  Starrett 
Automatic   Sprinkler    Equipment    of   Loft 

Buildings,    I,    II 127,  195 

By  E.  P.  Boone. 
Bank  Vaults  in  the  Second  National    Bank 

of  Boston,  Mass 441 

Burningr  a  "Pireproof   Building: 434 

City  Hall  Park 269 

By  "J.  L." 
Civic  Group  of  Educational  Buildings...        1 

Charles    P.    Huntington,    Architect. 
Daniel   Hudson   Burnham 281 

By  Theodore  Starrett. 
Escalator,   The    509 

By  S.  P.  Ring. 

Failures    in    Building    Construction    and 

Their  Lessons,  I,  II.  Ill 271,  317.  362 

By  Edward  Godfrey. 

Fireproof  Hotel,   The 183 

By  Edwin  O.  Torbohm. 
Fire  Protection  of  the  Dwelling  House..      63 
Fire    Protection    and    the    Architect:    The 

Architect's   Opportunity    33 

By  Edwin  O.  Torbohm. 

High  Building  that  is  Beautiful,  A 139 

By  "J.   U" 
Hollow-Tile    Fireproof    House,    The,    IV, 
V,  VI.  VII,  VIII,   IX,  X. 

17,   52,   109,   189,   249,   309,   363 

Interesting  Chimney  Problem 345 

John    Wellborn    Root 429 

By   Theodore   Starrett. 
Lofty  Automatic  Sprinkler  Equipment  of 

the  Bankers'  Trust  Company,  The...    343 
Multiple  Residence,   The;   An  Essay  with 

a  Description  of  No.  998  Fifth  Ave..      91 

Our  Fair  Architecture 229 

By  "J.  L." 
Passing  of  the  Interior  Tenement  Stair.      4o 
By   Charles   Warren   Hastings. 

Profits  of  an  Architect,  The 224 

By  Howard  M.  Ingham,  Ph.B. 
Resident  Versus  the  Correspondent  Archi- 
tect,   The     461 

By  R.   M.   Dunbar. 
Sheds  over  Sidewalk  during  Construction 

Work    89 

Standpipe  and  Hose  Systems  In  Buildings, 
The;  Being  portions  of  the  Report 
of  the  Committee  on  Standards  of  the 
National  Fire  Protection  Association, 
Mr.  W.  C.  Robinson,  Chairman,  I,  II, 
III 300.    327,   413 

Students'  Details  of  Construction.  115,  225,   323 

University  of  Pennsylvania. 
Students'    Working   Drawings 276,  415 

Cornell  University. 
Swiss  Chalet  Design,  III.  IV,  V,  VI., 

11,  57.  119.  205 

By  William   S.  B.  Dana,  B.S. 


APARTMENT    HOUSES. 


Admaston,  The    

c;eo.  and  Edw.  Blum,  Architects. 


:8 


Page 
Allendale,    The    72 

Rouse  and  Goldstone.  Architects. 
Borchardt,    The    81 

Rouse  and  Goldstone.  Architects. 
Casino  Apartments   70 

William  A.  Boring.  Architect. 
Dorset,  The    85 

Schwartz   and   Gross,   Architects. 
Elm   Street  Apartments.   Chicago,    III 338 

Howard   Van   Doren   Shaw.   Architect. 
Evanston.    The    79 

Geo.  and  Edw.  Blum,  Architects. 
Eton  Hall    487 

G.  AJello,  Architect. 
Glen  Cairn,  The   84 

Rouse  and  Goldstone,  Architects. 
Grlnnell,    The    86 

Schwartz  and  Gross,  Architects. 
Hamilton    Apartments    483 

G.  Ajello,  Architect. 
Luxor,  The 4S4 

G.  Ajello,  Architect. 
Lucania,    The    488 

G.  Ajello,  Architect. 
Mira  Mar  Apartments 490 

G.  Ajello,  Architect. 
Open  Stair  Tenements 45 

Henry  Atterbury  Smith,  Architect. 

William  P.  Miller,  Associate. 
Peter   Minuet   Apartments 4S2 

G.  Ajello,  Architect. 
Regnor,    The 489 

G.  Ajello,  Architect. 
Rexor,  The 439 

G.  Ajello,  Architect. 
Riviera.   The    it 

Rouse  and  Goldstone,  Architects. 
Rugby   Hall    48T 

G.  Ajello,  Architect. 
Runola,    The    *7 

Mulliken    and   Moeller,    Architects. 
Schermerhorn,  The    86 

Schwartz  and  Gross.  Architects. 
Strand   View.   The 87 

Schwartz  and  Gross.  Architects. 
Stratford,  The *8 

Schwartz  and  Gross.  Architects. 
Vanderbilt  Tenements   45 

Henry  Atterbury  Smith,   Architect. 

William  P.  Miller,   Associate. 
Wendoly n.  The 80 

Rouse   and   Goldstone.    Architects. 
Apartment  House  at 

521-523  West  112th  Street 65 

Lawlor  and  Haase,  Architects. 

823-829  Park  Avenue 68 

Pickering  and  Walker,  Architects. 

600  West  End  Avenue 73 

Schwartz  and  Gross,  Architects. 

830  Park  Avenue   74 

Greo.  and  Edw.  Blum,  Architects. 

12   East   87th   Street 75 

Geo.  and  Edw.  Blum,  Architects. 

166  W^est  72d  Street 77 

Geo.  and  Edw.  Blum,  Architects. 

998    Fifth   Avenue    91 

McKim,  Mead  and  White,  Architects. 

49  Cedar  Street,  Chicago,  III 137 

Marshall  and  Fox,  Architects. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND    BUILDING. 


Apartment  House   at 

36   Central    Park   South 337 

C.  W.  Buckham.  Architect. 

23  Lake  Shore  Drive,  ChJcaRO.  Ill 339 

Marshall  and  Pox,  Architects, 
lis  East  54th  Street 493 

Cross  and  Cross,  Architects. 
86th   Street  and   West   End   Avenue 491 

MullJken   &    Moeller,    Architects. 

„       ,  BANKS. 

Bankers'    Trust   Co.    Bulldins.   New   York 

City 232 

Trowbridge   and   Livingston,   Architects. 
Commonwealth   Trust   Co.    Building,   Bos- 
ton, Mass 28 

Peabody  and  Stearns,  Architects. 
Essex    County    National    Bank,    Newark, 

N.   J 295 

Clinton  and  Russell,   Architects. 
Jarmulowsky   Bank    Building,    New   York 

City 447 

Rouse  and  Goldstone,  Architects. 
Markle   Trust   Company    Building,   Hazel- 
ton,   Pa 218 

John  Irwin  Bright,  Architect. 
Marshall   National    Bank.   Marshall,   Tex..    321 
Theodore   C.    Vlsscher,    Architect. 

Mechanics'  Bank.  New  Haven,  Conn 212 

Leoni  \V.   Robinson.   Architect. 
Merchants'    National    Bank,    New    Haven, 

Conn 30 

Dennison    and   Hirons,    Architects. 
National  Savings  Bank.  New  Haven,  Conn.     31 
Brown  and  Von  Beren,  Architects. 

National  State  Bank,  Newark,  N.  J 378 

Cass  Gilbert,  Architect. 
Paterson    Savings    Institution,    Paterson. 

N.   J 216 

Bankers'   Building   Bureau,   Designers. 

Second  National  Bank,  Boston,  Mass 441 

Parker.   Thomas   and   Rice.   Architects. 

churc'hf:h. 

Bethlehem    Chapel.    Cathedral    Church    of 
St.    Peter   and   St.    Paul.    Washington, 

D.  C 407 

Henry  Vaughan,  Architect. 

Church    of    the    Sacred   Heart.    New   York 

City 467 

Elliott  Lynch,  Architect. 
Church   for  Spanish  Catholics,   New   York 

City 8 

Charles  P.  Huntington,  Architect. 
Linden  Baptist  Church.  Camden.  N.  J....    103 
Arthur   "Truscott,    Arnold   W.    Moses,   Assoc. 
Architects. 
St.    Anthony's    Church,    Van    Nest..    Nt^w 

York  City    340 

N.    Serraclno,    Architect. 

St.   Barnabas  Church,  New  York  City 427 

N.   Serraclno.   Architect. 

DWELLINCiS. 

A  California  Dwelling 342 

C.   W.  McCall,   Architect. 

Pyne    House.   New    York    City 52 

McKIm,  Mead  and   White,   Architects. 
Residence    at    Ravenswood    Manor,     Chi- 
cago,  111 44 

Charles    P.    Rawson.    Architect. 
Residence  of 

Good.    Dr.   S.   L..   Bast   Orange,   N.  J 480 

ISdward   V.    Warren,    Architect. 
Htss,  William   S.,   East  Orange,   N.  J...    481 
Edward   V.    Warren,    Architect. 

Lyon,  Horace,  Englewood,  N.  J 52,   111 

Frederick   Squires.   Architect. 

McCord.   Clinton    479 

Edward   V.    Warren,    Architect. 

Potts,  James  I)..   Glen  Ridge,   N.   J 460 

Edward   V.    Warren.    Architect. 

Sparkman.   J.    M.,    Seattle,    Wash 2.19 

Wilson   and   Loveless.   Architects. 
Wilson,  Clayton  D..  West  Seattle.  Wash.   260 
Wilson   and   Loveless.   Architecs. 

Swiss  Chalets 13,    15,   59.   61,   123.   124. 

205,   206,   208.   209 

HOTKL.S    AXD    RKSTATRANTS. 

Adolphus  Hotel.   Dallas.  Texas 17.'i 

Barnett.  Haynes  and  Barnett,  Architects. 
Automat  Restaurant.   New  York   City....    347 

Stuckert   and   Sloan.    Architects. 
Chateau  Laurler,  Ottawa,   Can 161 

Ross    and    McFarlane,    Architects. 
Cawthon  Hotel,  Mobile.  Ala 162 

Hutchlsson   and   Denham,   Architects. 


Copley-Plaza.  Boston,  Mass   

Henry   J.   Hardenbergh,    Architect. 
Emerson   Hotel,   Baltimore,   Md 

J.  Evans  Sperry,  Architect. 
Georgian   Terrace   Hotel.   Atlanta.   Ga, 

W.  L.  Stoddart,  Architect. 
Jefferson   Hotel.   St.   Louis,   Mo , 

Barnett,  Haynes  and  Barnett,  Archi 
Leamington  Hotel,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Rogers  Hotel.  Lebanon,  N.  H 

Fox   and   Blxby,   Architects. 
Samuels   Hotel.   Jamestown,   N.   Y 

Esenweln  and  Johnson.  Architects 
Statler  Hotel.  Cleveland,   Ohio 

(Jeorge  B.  Post  and  Sons,  Architect 
Taft  Hotel,   New  Haven.   Conn 

F.  M.  Andrews  and  Co.,  Architects. 
Vanderbllt  Hotel.  New  York  City 

Warren  and   Wetmore,  Architects. 


LIBRARY    BUILDlNi;S. 

City  Library  Building,  Springfield,  Ma 

Edward    L.    Tllton,    Architect. 
Free  Public  Library.  New  Haven.  Con  1 

Cass   Gilbert.   Architect. 
Harper    Memorial   Library,    Unlversltv 
Chicago *. 

Shepley.   Rutan  and   Coolldge,   ArchI 
Public  Library,  St.  Louis.  Mo 

Cass  Gilbert,   Architect. 

L.OPT,    OPFICK,    FACTORY     AN 
MBRCANTILK    BL'ILDINGS. 

Adams   Express   Co.    Building,   New   Y« 

City 

Warren    and    Wetmore, 
Reed   and   Stem,   Associated   Archltec  I 
Architects'      Building,     New     York     CI  I 

Perspective     

Ewlng   and   Chappell. 

La  Farge  and  Morris,  Associated  Arc!  1 

Bankers'  Trust  Co.   Building 

Trowbridge  and  Livingston.  Archltec 

Black,  Starr  and  Frost  Building 

Carrere    and    Hastings.    Architects. 
Chicago  Telephone  Building,   Perspectl 

Hohiblrd    and    Roche,    Architects. 
Consolidated  Gas.  Co.  Building.  New  Yoi 

City 

H.   J.   Hardenbergh,   Architect. 

Crolslc   Building,   New   York   City 

Frederick    C    Browne,    Architect. 
Randolph   H.   Almlroty,   Assoc. 
Fire     Companies      Building.      80     Maid 

Lane,  New  York  City 

D.   H.   Burnham   and  Co..   Architects. 

Francis   Building,  New  York  City 

C.   P.   H.   Gilbert,   Architect. 
Johns-ManvIUe    Company    Building,    N< 

York    City 

Augustus   X.   Allen.   Architect. 
Knoedler  and  Co.  Building,  M.,  New  Yo 

City 

Carrere  and  Hastings,   Architects. 

Manlce   Building.   New   York   City 

Wallace    and    Goodwlllle,    Architects. 
Maryland  Casual tv  Co.,  New  Building  ft 

Baltimore.    Ma 

Otto  G.  Slmonson.  Architect. 
Masonic  Hall  Building,  New  York  City 
H.   P.   Knowles,   Architect. 

Monroe  Building,  Chicago,  111 

Holablrd   and    Roche.    Architects. 

Munsev  Building.   Baltimore.  Md , 

McKlm,   Mead  and   White.    Architect* 
Newark     Fire     Insurance     Co.     Bulldii 

Newark.   X.   J 

Ely.   J.   H.    &    W.   C,   Architects. 

Otis    Elevator   Building 

Clinton   and    Russell.   Architects. 
Queens  Plaza  Court  Building.  Long  Tsla 

City,    N.    Y 

Thompson  and   Frohllng.  Architects. 
Schneider-Anderson    Building,    New    Yc 

City.    Perspective     , 

Hazzard.  Erskine  and  Blagden.  ArchI 
Seneca     Building.     Buffalo,     X.     Y.,     P( 

spectlve 

McKenzle.  Voorhees  and  Gmelln,  Arc) 
Sloan     Building.     W.     and    J..    New    Yc 

City 

John   B.   Snook   ik   Sons.   Architects. 
Smith     Building.     L.     C,     Seattle,     Wai 

Perspective     

Gaggin   and   Gaggin,   Architects. 


518 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING, 


U.  S.   Rubber   Building.   Now  York  City..    367 

Carrere    and    Hastings,    Architects. 
Whitall-Tatum  Factory,  Keyport,  N.  J. 189.   249 
Frederick  Squires.  Architect. 

White  House.   The,   New   York  City 36 

Henry    B.    Herts.    Architect. 

Wilson  Building,   New  York  City 376 

Rouse   and    Goldstone,   Architects. 
Building  at 

20th    Street    and    Fourth    Avenue,    New 

York    City 35 

Rouse  and  Goldstone,  Architects. 
135-145    West    29th    Street,    New    York 

City 37 

F.  C.  Zobel.  Architect. 
•  N.    E.    Corner    24th    Street   and   Seventh 

Avenue,   New   York   City 222 

Frederick  Squires,  Architect. 
114-116     East    16th    Street,     New    York 

City 305 

Squires  and  Wynkoop,  Architects. 
Fifth    Avenue    and    12th    Street,    New^ 

York    City 306 

Maynicke   and   Franke,   Architects. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

American  Geographical  Society 1 

Charles  P.  Huntington,  Architect. 

Bamberger  Store,  The,  Newark,  N.  J 503 

Jarvis  Hunt,   Architect. 
Boston    Stock    Exchange    and    Common- 
wealth   Trust    Co 25 

Peabody    and    Stearns,    Architects. 
Central  Commercial  and  Manual  Training 

High  School,   Newark,  N.  J 461 

Ernest   F.   Guilbert,  Architect. 
Chicago,  Burlington  and  Qulncy  Railroad 

Company  Building,  Perspective 268 

Marshall  and  Fox,  Architects. 

Chicago    City    Hall 23 

Holabird  and  Roche,  Architects. 
Engineering   Hall.    Carnegie    Institute    of 

Technology,  Pittsburgh,  Pa*. 345 

Henry  F.  Hornbostle,  Architect. 
Orand    Stand     for    the    New    York    Polo 

Grounds,   New   York  City 467 

Henry   B.   Herts,   Architect. 
Higbee      Company       Department       Store, 

Cleveland,  0 137 

Abram   Garfield,   Architect. 
Hispanic  Society  of  America  Building...        1 
Charles  P.  Huntington,  Architect. 

liawyers'  Club.  New   York  City 418 

Francis    H.    Kimball.    Architect. 
Masonic  Hall  Building,  New  York  City..    337 

H.   P.   Knowles,   Architect. 
Itfichigan    Central    Railroad    Station.    De- 

trolt,  Mich.,  Perspective ....304 

Warren     and     Wetmore,     Reed     and     Stem, 
Assoc.    Architects. 
North  Side  Board  of  Trade  Building,  New 

York    City     463 

Albert  E.  Davis,  Architect. 

Numismatic  Society   Building 1 

Charles  P.  Huntington.  Architect. 

Packard    Commercial    School 131 

H.  F.  Ballantyne.  Architect. 
Palais    Royal    Department    Store,    \\a8h- 

Ington,    D.    C 258 

G.  P.  Hales,  Architect. 

THEATRES. 

DeKalb  Theatre,   Brooklyn,  N.   Y 

Harde  and  Short,  Architects. 
TJltinge  Theatre,  New  York   City 

Thomas  W.  I^mb.  Architect. 
a6th  Street  Theatre,   near  Third  Avenue, 
New    York    City 

Thomas  W.  Lamb,  Architect. 
L.oew'8     Greeley     Square     Theatre.     New 
York   City 

S.  S.  Sugar.  Architect.  ,      xy     t 

Miner's  Empire  Theatre,  Newark,  N.  J.  . 

McMurray  and  Pulls,   Architects. 
Riverside   Theatre.   New   York   City 

Thomas  W.  Lamb,  Architect. 


AUTHORS. 

B.S.'.  '. '. 


11.   57, 


127. 
119, 


Boone,    E.    P 

Dana,  William  S.   B 

Dunbar.   R.   M •  •  •  •  ViV 

Godfrev.    Edward ^^1.    ^17, 

Hastings.   <'harles  Warren 

i5f  L!•^'  .""r"'    .      :  .":      .    .•;t39V229.-  269. 


Page  Page 

Ring,    S.    P 60» 

Robinson,    W.    C 300,    327»    418 

Squires,    Frederick,   Architect 17,    52,   109, 

189,   249.  309.   353 

Starrett,    Theodore 281,    429.   469 

Torbohm.    Edwin    0 33,   183 

ARCHITECTS. 

AJello,     Gaetan 482 

Allen  Augustus  N 262 

Almiroty,  Randolph  H 423 

Andrews,  F.  M.  and  Co 153 

Ballantyne.  H,  F 131 

Barnett,  Haynes  and  Barnett 165,  178 

Blum,  George  and   Edward 65 

Boring,    William    A 65 

Bright,  John  Irwin 218 

Brown    and    Von    Beren 31 

Browne,    Frederick   C 423 

Buckham,    C.    W 337 

Burnham,   D.   H.  and  Co 225 

Carrere  and  Hastings 367.  439.  445 

Clinton    and    Russell 295.  381 

Cross  and  Cross   493 

Davis.   Albert   E 463 

Dennison  and  Hirons   30 

Ely.  J.  H.  and  W.  C 220 

Esenweln  and  Johnson 425 

P2wlng    and    Chappell 376 

Fox  and  Blxby 464 

Gaggin    and   Gaggin 261 

Garfield,   Abram    137 

Gilbert.    Cass    284,  378 

Gilbert,   C.   P.   H 266 

Guilbert,    Ernest    F 451 

Hales,    G.    P 258 

Harde  and  Short 41 

Hardenburgh.    H.    J 38,  38» 

Hazzard.    Erskine  and  Blagden 326 

Herts,  Henry  B 36.  457 

Holabird    and    Roche 23.    254.  432 

Hornbostle,    Henry    F 345 

Hunt.  Jarvis   603 

Huntington,    Charles   P 1 

Hutchlsson    and    Denham 162 

Kimball,    Francis  H 418 

Knowles,  H.  P 331 

LaFarge    and    Morris 375 

Lamb,  Thomas  W 40.   322,  494 

Lawlor  and  Haase 66 

Lynch.  Elliot   467 

Marshall  and  Fox 137.  268.  338 

Maynicke  and  Franke 306 

McCall.   C.   M 342 

McKenzle,   Voorhees   and    Gmelln 31€ 

McKlm.   Mead   and   White 91.  839 

McMurray    and    Pulls 42 

Miller,    William    P 45 

Mulllken  and  Moeller 66.  491 

Parker.    Thomas    and    Rice 441 

Peabody    and    Stearns 28 

Pickering   and    Walker 66 

Post.    George    B.    and    Sons 497 

Rawson,  Charles  P 44 

Reid    and    Stem 304.  330 

Robinson,  Leonl  W 212 

Ross   and   McFarlane 164 

Rouse  and  Goldstone 35,  65,  376.  447 

Smith,  Henry  Atterbury 46 

Schwartz  and  Gross 66 

Serraclno,   N   340.  427 

41       Shaw,  Howard  Van  Doren 338 

Shepley,  Rutan  and  Coolldge 476 

494       Simonson.    Otto    G 200 

Smith.    Henry    Atterbury 45 

Snook,  John  6.  and  Sons 219 

322       Sperry.   J.   Evans 173 

Squires,  Frederick   222 

Squires  and  Wynkoop 306 

134       Stoddart.    W.    L 164 

Stuckert  and  Sloan 347 

43       Sullivan.   Louis   H 469 

Sugar,    S.   S 134 

40       Thompson  and  Frohllng 448 

Tilton.    Edward   L 284 

»      Trowbridge   and   Livingston 232 

Truscott,  Arthur  and  Moses.  Arnold   W..    103 

195       Vaughan,  Henry 467 

206       Visscher,  Theodore    321 

461       Wallace   and  Goodw^illie    264 

362       Warren.   Edward   V 460.  479 

45       Warren  and  Wetmore 150.   304,  330 

244      Wilson    and   Loveless 259 

349      Zobel.  F.  C 37 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


"chltect-jre  and  Buildlm 


18 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


BOOK  REVIEWS 


PRACTICAL  STEAM  AND  HOT  WATER 
HEATING  AND  VENTILATION,  by 
Alfred  G.  King.  367  pages,  300  illustra- 
tions. Cloth.  New  York:  The  Norman 
W.   Henley   Publishing  Co.     Price,  $3. 

This  latest  book  on  the  subject  of  steam 
and  hot  water  heating  is  intended  for  the  use 
and  education  of  all  who  are  engaged  in  the 
business,  particularly  the  steam  titter,  and  is 
an  original  and  exhaustive  work.  As  much  of 
the  matter  ordinarily  included  in  books  of  this 
character  and  in  the  articles  on  the  subject 
published  in  the  trade  magazines,  is  too  tech- 
nical to  be  readily  understood  by  the  man  who 
has  most  need  of  it — the  steam  fitter — Mr. 
King  has  eliminated  all  technicalities  and  re- 
duced the  subject  to  terms  easily  understood 
by  the  man  of  average  education. 

All  of  the  principal  systems  of  steam,  hot 
water  and  vacuum  heating,  together  with  the 
up-to-date  methods  of  ventilation  and  the  fan 
or  blower  system  of  heating  and  ventilation, 
are  simply  and  clearly  described.  The  author 
has  rather  commented  on  than  criticised  the 
various  systems  in  use  at  the  present  time, 
and  aims  to  instruct  the  steam  fitter  in  a  prac- 
tical way  regarding  their  application  and  in- 
stallation. Together  with  the  foregoing,  the 
many  tables,  rules,  etc.,  given  at  the  end  of 
the  volume,  should  make  this  a  very  valuable 
and  instructive  reference  book  for  the  con- 
tracting steam  fitter. 


travelers  who  have  visited  the  old  Cathedrals 
and  are  thus  familiar  with  them;  and  for  those 
who  are  unfamiliar  with  the  Churches  \\ic 
book  gives  in  its  text  and  illustrations  much 
very  valuable  and  interesting  information. 
The  arrangement  will  be  found  very  satisfac- 
tory and  convenient  for  the  general  reader  as 
well  as  the  student. 


ENGLISH  AND  WELSH  CATHEDRALS. 
By  Thomas  Dinham  Atkinson.  Illustrated 
by  Waher  Dexter,  R.  B.  A.  XXXV  +  370 
pages.  Cloth.  Little,  Brown  &  Company, 
Boston,   Publishers.     Price,  $3.50  net. 

In  this  very  beautiful  book  the  author  has 
sketched  the  histories  of  the  Cathedral 
Churches  of  England  and  Wales  in  their 
broader  aspects,  connecting  each  as  far  as  is 
possible  with  the  main  stream  of  architectural 
history.  The  result  is  a  volume  of  highly  in- 
teresting information  presented  in  a  most 
readable  manner.  In  order  to  carry  out  his 
scheme  of  arrangement,  Mr.  Atkinson  has 
treated  the  Cathedrals  in  groups:  First  the 
Canons'  Churches,  of  which  St.  Paul's,  Chi- 
chester. Salisbury  and  Exeter  are  notable  ex- 
amples; then  the  Monks'  Churches,  the  Foun- 
dations of  Henry  VIII,  and  the  New  Sees. 
Although  the  form  of  the  book  is  that  of  a 
history,  the  author  has  approached  the  sub- 
ject from  his  own  point  of  view,  which  is  that 
of  an  architect  and  constructor. 

The  book  is  beautifully  illustrated  with  20 
color  plates,  20  plates  in  monotone,  and  48 
plans.     It  will   be  of  great  interest   to  those 

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ANALYSIS  OF  PAINT  AND  VARNISH 
PRODUCTS.  By  Clifford  Syer  Holley. 
Small  8vo;  VIII  +  292  pages,  illustrated. 
Cloth.  New  York:  John  Wiley  &  Sons. 
Price  $2.50  net.. 

As  in  the  case  of  many  other  prepared  or 
ready-mixed  products,  large  quantities  of 
paint  are  sold  to-day  more  on  the  strength  of 
the  vigorous  advertising  by  the  manufactur- 
ers than  on  the  merits  of  the  article  itself,  and 
the  many  instances  of  detected  fraud  have 
resulted  in  numerous  state  laws  requiring  that 
the  composition  of  each  paint  product  be 
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Many  new  combinations  are  being  placed  on 
the  market,  and  in  spite  of  the  labels,  the  con- 
sumer must  rely  on  the  chemist  for  his  knowl- 
edge of  their  value  and  suitability  for  use. 
The  paint  chemist  of  to-day  must  therefore 
be  not  only  accurate,  but  capable  of  securing 
results  with   the  greatest  possible  rapidity. 

In  this  volume  the  author  has  presented 
methods  which  he  has  found  to  be  accurate 
and  at  the  same  time  rapid  and  convenient. 
Many  new  methods  are  introduced  with  many 
new  paint  products  whose  properties  are  dis- 
cussed, and  a  large  amount  of  data  relative 
to  the  composition  of  the  various  paint  spe- 
cialties to  be  found  on  the  market  has  been 
included. 


MECHANICAL  EQUIPMENT  OF  FED- 
ERAL BUILDINGS  UNDER  THE 
CONTROL  OF  THE  TREASURY  DE- 
P.A.RTMENT.  By  Nelson  S.  Thomas. 
Cloth.  6  by  9  inches.  278  pages  and  dia- 
grams. Baltimore:  Williams  and  Wilkins 
Company.     Price,  $2  net. 

This  book  contains  a  mass  of  technical  in- 
formation which  is  collected  under  several 
chapter  heads  and  carefully  referred  to  by  an 
index  in  the  back  of  the  volume.  The  index 
is  sub-headed,  with  references  to  the  various 
portions  of  the  book.  The  subjects  included 
are  heating  and  ventilation;  plumbing,  drain- 
age and  water  supply;  gas  piping;  conduit  and 
wiring  systems;  lighting;  elevators;  small 
power  plants;  motors  and  controlling  appar- 
atus; vacuum  cleaning  systems,  and  operating 
data.      In    an    appendix    under    the    head    of 

(Continued  on  page  21.) 
please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


AdverUs«in;ntB.— When  writing  Advertisers 


20 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Art  and  Architecture 

ARCHITECTURAL    LEAGUE    28TH    AN- 
NUAL EXHIBITION. 

The  exhibition  will  be  held  in  the  galleries 
of  the  American  Fine  Arts  Society,  215  West 
57th  Street,  beginning  February  2d  and  end- 
ing February  22d. 

The  last  day  for  the  entry  of  slips  is  Mon- 
day, December  30,  1912.  These  slips  may  be 
obtained  from  the  secretary,  as  well  as  a  cir- 
cular of  information  giving  full  particulars 
for  exhibitors,  and  information  concerning 
members  of  the  jury  of  selection  and  the 
prizes  to  be  awarded. 

The  annual  dinner  of  the  Architectural 
League  will  be  held  on  Friday,  January  31st, 
and  the  reception  on  February  1st  from  3  to 
6  P.  M.,  the  public  exhibition  opening  the 
next  day.  The  regular  admission  fee  is  25 
cents,  while  on  Saturdays  the  exhibition  is 
free  to  the  public. 

Mr.  Frederick  Crowninshield,  who  was  for- 
merly Director  oi  ihe  American  Academy  in 
Rome,  gave  a  talk  illustrated  with  lantern 
slides  concerning  Municipal  Art  in  Italy,  in 
the  galleries  of  the  National  Arts  Club,  on 
December  11th.  This  address  was  held  under 
the  auspices  of  the  Municipal  Art  Society,  and 
was  delivered  before  a  large  and  interested 
audience. 


The  Municipality  of  Wilmington,  Ohio,  is 
in  the  market  for  plans  and  specifications  for 
a  memorial  building.  They  would  be  pleased 
to  hear  from  architects  within  the  next  thirty 
days.  Information  may  be  obtained  from  Mr. 
J.  W.  Lawhead,  of  Wilmington,  Ohio. 


The  Winter  Exhibition  .of  the  National 
Academy  of  Design,  which  opened  in  the  gal- 
leries of  the  American  Fine  Arts  Society  on 
Saturday,  December  14,  will  continue  until 
Sunday,  January  12,  1913. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  San  Francisco 
Chapter  A.  I.  .A.,  held  on  October  17,  1912,  Mr. 
George  B.  McDougall  was  elected  president, 
Mr.  Edgar  A.  Matthews,  vice-president,  and 
Mr.  Silvain  Schnaittacher,  secretary  and 
treasurer.  Mr.  William  Mooser  and  Mr.  W. 
B.  Faville  were  elected  trustees.  Following 
the  election  of  officers,  there  were  appointed 
various  committees  for  the  conduct  of  the 
Society's  activities  during  the  coming  year. 
The  meeting  was  well  attended,  and  besides 
the  usual  reports  of  officers,  several  matters 
of  general  interest  were  presented. 


ADDRESS  BY  AUSTIN  WILLARD  LORD, 
NEW  DIRECTOR  OF  THE  SCHOOL  OF 
ARCHITECTURE,    COLUMBIA    UNI- 
VERSITY. 

On  the  occasion  of  a  social  meeting  of  the 
alumni  architects  of  Columbia  University  on 
October  22d,  Director  Lord  gave  an  address 
which  was  in  the  nature  of  an  inaugrural. 
His  remarks,  which  are  too  extensive  to  be 
published  here  in  full,  were  very  interesting, 
and  his  definition  of  an  architect  is  a  good 
one. 

"A  man  to  be  an  architect  should  have  a 
trained  sense  of  proportion  which  should  en- 
able him  to  combine  beautifully  materials  to 
be  used  in  construction." 

Mr.  Lord  outlined  the  forces  that  work  to 
produce  architecture  and  discussed  the  method 
of  architectural  teaching,  suggesting  that  to 
organize  the  profession  there  should  be  one 
central  school  of  art  in  this  country  which 
would  develop  the  student  under  the  most 
favorable  conditions.  Going  further,  he  out- 
lined the  methods  which  he  personally  was 
endeavoring  to  follow  and  defined  his  pur- 
poses very  clearly. 


A  COMPETITION. 

The  Congress  of  Haiti  has  appropriated  the 
sum  of  $100,000  for  the  construction  of  a 
new  palace  at  Port-au-Prince,  and  will  award 
first,  second  and  third  prizes  of  $500,  $250.  and 
$200  to  Haitian  and  foreign  architects  and 
engineers.  American  architects  who  wish  to 
compete  are  required  to  send  their  plans  to 
the  Department  of  Public  Works,  Port-au- 
Prince,  Haiti,  before  February  4,  1913.  Fur- 
ther particulars  may  be  obtained  by  address- 
ing Franklin  Adams,  Chief  Clerk  of  the  Pan- 
American   Union,  Washington,  D.   C. 


THE  ELTINGE  THEATRE. 

To  suit  the  nature  of  the  playhouse,  the  deco- 
rations in  the  Eltinge  Theatre  are  of  a  novel 
and  interesting  character,  and  they  are  lavishly 
and  artistically  carried  out.  Arthur  Brounet. 
of  1133  Broadway,  New  York,  is  the  artist 
who  brought  to  accomplishment  the  mural 
paintings  and  decorations  which  attract  and 
hold  the  eye  in  this  interesting  playhouse. 

.\nother  interesting  feature  of  the  theatre 
is  the  semi-indirect  lighting  which  is  accom- 
plished by  "Equalite"  glass  shades  and  light- 
ing fixtures.  The  great  central  light  over 
the  auditorium  is  an  unusually  large  piece  of 
glass,  being  72  inches  in  diameter  and  hand- 
somely decorated.  It  presents  a  beautiful  ap- 
pearance from  the  suffused  light,  and  effects  a 
splendid  lighting  of  the  interior,  displaying  the 
decorations  and  proscenium  painting  by  Arthur 
Brounet  to  the  best  advantage.  Bayley  and 
Sons,  of  36  West  28th  street,  manufacture 
this  glass. 


ARCHIIECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


ENGINEERS'     DIRECTORY 


Francis  W.  Collins 

Assoc.  Mem.  A.  S.  G.  £• 
Mem*  A«  !•  M*  B« 

CONSULTING 

ENGINEER 

50  CHURCH  ST.,  HUDSON  TERMINAL 
NEW  YORK  CITY 

Investi^tioiis,  Valuations, 
Scientific  Organization  and  Management 


Thomas  Bruce  Boyd 

Bank  Equipment  Specialist 

286   Fifth   Avenue 
New  York 

Telephone  Madison  Square  6681 


(Book  Reviews,  continued  from  page  18.) 

"commercial  practice"  is  much  information 
concerning  factory  heating  and  various  heat- 
ing appliances;  a  chapter  on  heating  and 
forced  circulation  by  hot  water  from  a  cen- 
tral station;  one  on  general  instructions  is- 
sued to  draftsmen  by  the  chief  mechanical 
and  electrical  engineer  in  the  office  of  the 
Supervising  Architect,  and  a  chapter  of  sug- 
gestions to  superintendents  of  construction. 

The  book  is  one  that  will  prove  of  great 
value  to  the  architect  who  supervises  his  own 
construction  and  other  superintendents  in 
charge  of  building  mechanical  equipments. 


HOWARD  M.  INCH/ 

MEM.  AM.  SOC.  M.  E. 

Industrial  Engineer 

SPECIALIST   IN    THE 
INSTALLATION   OF 

Simple  J  Direct^  Effective  Meti 

of 

Office  Management 
i6o  FIFTH  AVE.,  NEW  YO 


FREDERICK  S.  HOLMES 

Bank  Vault  Engine  i 

2  Rector  Street,  New  York 


roof  bungalows,  wall  houses  and  frame  ] 
for  city  use,  temporary  fresh  air  porcl 
permanent  sleeping  porches  for  the  : 
Further  chapters  deal  with  protectii 
screening  porches,  tent  and  tent  housr 
air  bungalows  and  cottages.  Furthei 
are  suggestions  for  planning  new  houi. 
open  air  apartments  and  plans  and  illus 
of  roof  playgrounds  for  children,  while 
part  of  the  book  is  devoted  to  the  su; 
clothing,  bedding  and  furniture. 

Often  the  architect  is  called  upon   i: 
open    air   quarters   for    the    tubercular 
and  there  is  no  doubt  but  that  this  bc> 
broaden   his  ideas  and   offer  him   sugi 
to  meet  any  condition. 


FRESH  AIR  AND  HOW  TO  USE  IT.  By 
Thomas  Specs  Carrington,  M.D.  The  Na- 
tional Association  for  the  Study  and  Pre- 
vention of  Tuberculosis,  publishers.  Cloth, 
5j/2x8;  250  pages.  150  illustrations.  Price, 
$1.00. 

This  l)ook  enters  into  the  architectural  field, 
as  it  shows  and  describes  every  conceivable  de- 
velopment of  outdoor  porch  or  sleeping  room 
or  device  which  has  been  devised  for  the  fight- 
ing of  tuberculosis.  In  text  and  by  illustration 
all  subjects  are  clearly  presented.  The  chap- 
ters cover  ventilation,  describing  methods  of 
screening  and  utilizing  the  open  window,  win- 
dow tents,  which  tell  of  every  useful  device. 


REPAIR    KINKS    FOR    PLUMBER 
Martin  L.  Kaiser.     Cloth,  69  page 
trated.     Second    edition,    revised    ci 
larged.     New  York:    The  David  V 
Company.     Price,  50  cents. 
This  is  a  handbook  of  information 
construction   and   repairing  of  applian 
domestic  water  supply  and  waste  disp( 
is  a  reprint  from  the  Metal  Worker,  I 
and  Steam  Fitter.     As  the  subject  of 
to   plumbing   work   is   much   too   large 
covered  in  any  one   book  of  practical 
this  little  volume  deals  only  with  the 
that   have   to   be   undertaken   by   the   n 
of  workmen  in  their  daily  work. 

AdvertlsementB. — When  writing  Advertlaers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Bu 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Fireproofing  and   Fire-Protection 


MR.  G.  H.  STEWART 


A  FIRE  WITH  A  LESSON. 

The  firm  of  Kmcrson-Brantingham  Co., 
Kockford.  Ill,,  have  had  a  fire — nol  an  unusua! 
occurrence  for  plants  of  this  magnitude,  nor 
for  any  plant,  but  this  fire  has  been  considered 
peculiar  because  it  happened  in  a  fireproof  (so- 
called)   building. 

The  building  was  a  three-story  reinforced 
concrete  structure  with  open  stairway  and  in- 
terior trim  and  office  furniture  of  wood,  oc- 
cupied as  general  office,  show  room,  supply 
room   and   dining   hall. 

The  details  of  the  lire  having  been  deline- 
a.ted  in  the  report  of  the  National  Fire  Protec- 
'tion  .Association,  and  commented  upon  in  the 
Novemher  issue  of  this  magazine,  it  will  not 
be  necessary  to  slate  them  again.  There  was, 
however,  a  lesson  taught  by  this  fire  which 
will  have  its  effect  upon  the  future  equipment 
of  buildings. 

There  was,  to  the  casual  observer,  very  lit- 
tle to  burn  in  tjiis  building,  but  the  burning  of 
that  little  caused  a  big  loss,  and  that  is  the 
peculiarity  referred  to,  for  in  the  eyes  of  most 
people  the  building  was  absolutely  fireproof, 
and  everything  had  been  done  in  the  way  of 
making   it   safe. 

It  is  gratifying  to  know  that  the  experience 
of  the  loss  had  a  proper  effect  upon  the  suf- 
ferers, and  instead  of  merely  replacing  the 
burned  or  damaged  property  they  went  a  step 
further  and  safeguarded  against  a  future  hap- 
pening of  like  kind. 

The  following  letter  written  by  the  superin- 
tendent of  the  above  firm  carries  a  message  to 
every  one  which  cannot  be  ignored  if  im- 
munity  from   the   ravages   of   fire   is   sought. 

Rockford,  III..  November  19,   1912. 
Architecture  and  Building. 
New  York.  N.  V. 


Gentlemen: 

Replying  to  yours  of  the  4th,  would  advise 
that  after  our  office  fire  in  January,  we 
equipped  the  building  with  Automatic  Sprink- 
lers. These  sprinklers  were  installed  by  the 
Automatic  Sprinkler  Co.  of  America.  Niagara 
heads  were  used,  and  they  are  hung  pendent, 
which  allowed  the  pipe  to  be  placed  close  to 
the  ceiling.  The  building  in  which  this  fir; 
occurred  was  a  reinforced  concrete  and  brick 
structure.  Therefore,  there  was  nothing  but 
the  partition  work  and  oflicc  furniture  to  burn. 
These  partitions  and  furniture  being  made  of 
veneered  oak.  caused  a  very  hot  fire.  We 
really  had  no  idea  that  it  was  possible  for  a 
fire  to  occur  in  this  office  building,  and  theri;- 
fore  was  not  equipped  with  fire  pails  and  ex* 
tinguishers,  as  we  are  in  the  factory  buildings. 

We  have  installed  steel  partition  work  and 
steel  furniture  throughout  the  building,  there- 
fore there  is  not  much  need  of  a  Sprinkler 
liquijmient.  Yours  truly, 

EMER50N-BRANTINGHAM    CO., 
W.   C.   Squier,   Supt. 


The 


1  this  lette 


possibility  of  fire 
are  not  original  with  this  firm;  it  is  a  pre- 
vailing opinion  among  builders  and  Is  stead- 
fastly adhered  to  by  many  people  who  are 
intelligent  enough  to  read,  and  who  have  ac- 
cess to  the  data  that  could  prove  differently, 
that  the  building  is  all  that  it  is  necessary  to 
fireproof  and  the  contents,  being  in  the  build- 
ing, are  all  right.  There  can  be  no  greater 
mistake  than  this,  as  this  letter  proves,  for 
the  acknowledgment  of  the  necessity  of  re- 
placing the  wood  furniture  with  metal  is 
strongly  evidenced  by  the  fact  that  they  have 
made  this  change.  There  are  two  truths  con- 
cerning fires  that  must  be  borne  in  mind— all 
(Continued   on   page  26.) 


FIRE  PROTECTION 

Send  for  Catalogue  and  Prices  on 

FIRE  APPLIANCES 


Bonwit  TtUer  Building  B-  Altman  &  Company 

THE  SAFETY  FIRE    EXTINGUISHER  CO. 


e  and  Bulldlntc. 


ARCHITECTURE   AND   BUILDING. 


PROTECTED  FROM  HRE  BY 


GRINNELL  Auto- 
matic Sprinklers,  supplied  with  water  from  three 
independent  sources.  In  addition  to  this,  the  base- 
ments of  the  building  are  protected  by  the  same 
means.  Thus,  the  place  where  fire  is  most  likely  to 
start,  and  the  place  where  a  small  fire  would  wreak 
the  greatest  destruction,  have  both  been  fitted  with 
apparatus  to  discover  and  put  out  this  fire  before  it 
can  do  serious  damage. 

Our  Unle  publication.  AITTOMATIC  PIRB  PRIvrSCnON.  iliow*  how  (ho  iprinklcr  lytMni 
nulio,  wo  ot  the  hnl  ol  tha  lodplant  Ola  to  Maka  the  Ftia  Commit  Suicide.  It  will  take 
but  a  mamantofyout  Uma  to  aaod  lor  yonr  copy— Dolt  today-baloae  ItaUpayaot  mtad. 

General  Fire  Extinguisher  Company 

Providence,  R.  I.,  and  Principal  Cities 

Steam  and  Hot  Ifairr  Healing  and  Paiuer  Piping  SysUm 
dvertliementa.— When  writing  Advertlaera.  please  mentioi 


ROCKWOOD 

SAFETY  LOOP 

SPRINKLER 


SHOWINQ  SPRINKLER  WITH  tl|      |l|n|%LLIl  •HOWINO     HOW     THE  TWO 

THK   TWO  HALVES   OF   THE  PARTS   OF    THE    SOLDERED 

STRUT     SOLDERED     TO-  STRUT  SntlNO  APART ONLV 

GETHER.  AFTER  THE  LUMP  OP  SOLD- 

ER IS  MELTED  AWAY   FROM 


THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  UNIQUE  IN  THAT  THE  TWO  PARTS 
OF  THE  SOLDERED  LINK  ARE  HELD  TOGETHER,  NOT  MERELY  BY  A 
SWEATED  SOLDERED  JOINT,  BUT  BY  COVERING  THE  END  OF  THE 
LEVER  WITH  A  SMALL  PIECE  OF  SOLDER  WHICH  IS  MECHANICALLY 
BOUND  TO  THE  STRUT  BY  A  LOOP  OF  WIRE  RIVETED  THROUGH  ONE 
PART  OF  THE  LINK. 

THE  ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  IS  THE  ONLY  APPROVED  HEAD  THAT 
IS  INCAPABLE  OF  OPENING  ITSELF  BY  THE  BREAKING  OF  THE  SOLDERED 
JOINT.  WHICH  MUST  ABSOLUTELY  MELT  TO  OPEN.  IT  IS  THUS  IN  A 
CLASS   BY  ITSELF,  SUPERIOR  TO  ALL  OTHERS. 


ROCKWOOD  SPRINKLER  CO. 

OF  MASSACHUSETTS 

MANUFACTURERS,  ENGINEERS    AND    CONTRACTORS  FOR  COM- 
PLETE SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENTS  USING  WET  OR  DRY  SYSTEMS. 

38  HARLOW  STREET  WORCESTER,  MASS. 


HEW   YORK  121  WILLIAM  STREET  CHICASO  UM  SOUTH  MOROAH 

■OSTON  -  -  -  141  MILK  STREET  SEATTLE     - 

BUFFALO     -  -         300  PRUDENTIAL  BUILDINQ  MONTREAL 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Enameled  Brick  in  Standard  Colors  and  Sis 

BRIGHT  AND  MATT  FINISH 


"AMERICAN"  ENAMELED  BRICK 

FOR  EXTERIOR  AMD  INTERIOR   USE 

WRITE  FOR  SAMPLES  AND  LITERATURE 

American  Enameled  Brick  &  Tile  Co.,  BKid"r,  New  Y( 


BAMBERGER  SI 

NEWARK,  N.  J. 
Protected  by  the 

NEWMAN 

WATCHCLO 

SYSTEM 

e,/4nother  Evidence  of  t! 

Newman  Clock  Con 

Makers  ef  If^aicliman's 

for  forty  years 

New  York 

cTHontreal  Lon 


Advert  Is  ementB, — When  writing  AdverllBers   please  mention  Architecture  and  Bulldlns. 


26 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


All  for 


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Steam  and 
Hot  Water 
HEATING 

3281  Broadway  ft  651 W.  131ft  St. 

NEW  YORK 

Contractors  for  Heating 

and  Ventilating 

for  following  apartments 

illustrated  in 

this  issue 

(GAETAN   AJELLO,  Architect) 

The  RegnoT.  601  West  115th  Street 

The  Luxor,  500  West  115th  Street 
The  Rexor,  600  West  116th  Street 


fires  have  small  beginnings,  and  fire  must  hav»! 
fuel  in  order  to  keep  burning.  The  first  truth 
is  part  of  the  Extinguishment  Theory,  which 
advocates  the  application  of  water  at  a  fire's 
incipiency  and  thus  prevent,  heavy  loss,  while 
the  second  is  part  of  a  Prevention  Theory 
that  states,  "if  fire  has  nothing  to  feed  upon 
it  will  not  continue  to  burn  and  no  damage 
results,"  therefore  the  last  should  be  first  and 
the  first  last  if  the  best  results  are  to  be  ob- 
tained. 

The  installation  of  metal  trim  and  furniture 
in  this  building  shows  a  progressive  spirit  in 
this  firm  that  is  well  worth  copying  by  others, 
for  although  it  required  a  fire  to  teach  them 
a  lesson,  their  act  proves  the  theory  that  they 
entertained  as  to  the  cause  of  its  spread  and 
the  resultant  damage. 

The  sprinkler  installation  is  but  a  natural 
consequence  after  a  fire  here,  for  the  re- 
mainder of  the  plant  was  springled  and  its 
extension  to  this  building  is  a  matter  of  small 
cost  as  compared  to  the  whole.  The  sprink- 
lers would  now  put  out  the  fire,  but  the  metal 
furniture  and  trim  have  also  made  the  fire 
impossible. 

The  use  of  metal  furniture  is  undoubtedly 
a  most  necessary  movement  in  the  prevention 
of  fires  and  will  gain  in  favor,  if  instances  as 
stated  above  can  be  brought  to  the  public  no- 
tice and  the  lesson  heeded  by  those  who  are 
re-equipping  plants  after  modern  methods. 
Metal  trim  is  coming  into  its  own  as  it  right- 
fully should,  and  this  is  only  one  instance  of 
the  acknowledgment  of  its  virtues. 

The  making  of  fireproof  buildings  should 
not  stop  with  the  floors  and  walls,  but  should 
include  all  trim,  partitions  and  furniture,  for 
a  building  is  not  immune  from  fire  damage 
unless  its  contents  are  such  that  will  not  feed 
a  flame  and  cause  it  to  grow. 

Where  burnable  stocks  are  kept  the  danger 
is  increased,  but  in  buildings  that  are  used 
for  purposes  that  do  not  include  these  stocks 
metal  furniture  and  trim  give  a  sure  protec- 
tion. 

(Continued  on  page  30.) 


DUMB  WAITERS 
INVALID  LIFTS 

Hand  Power  Elevators 

The  best  line  for  /^artment  Houses, 
Hotels,  Residences   and   InstitutioDS 

Write  for  Catalogue 

Storm  Mfg. Co« , Newark,  N.J. 


Advertisements. — When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Tbe  Annual  Fire  Waaie  in  the  U.  S.  exceeds  1330,000,000.    It  Is  estimated  i 
7S%  of  tfais  loss  Is  preventable  and  can  be  saved  by  the  use  of 

AUTOMATIC  SPRINKLER  PROTECTION 

Our  business  is  the  Installation  of  Automatic  Sprinkler  protection;  a  comp 
fire  fighting  apparatus,  operating  automatically  and  only  where  the  fire  is  loca 

"AUTOMATIC"  SPRINKLER  CO.  OF  AMERICA 

Executive  Offices 

123  WILLIAM  STREET  (Underwriter  BIdg.).  NEW  YORK  CITV 

Department  Offices,  in  Large  Cities 


S.  H.  POMEROY  CO, 

SnceeiioT  to  Volctmonn  A  Co.,  ot  Hen 

Mannbclurers  ol  Fire  Wiado*  i 

427  W«*t  13th  Sirsst.  Naw  1 

Pmcllc*!  demonstriitlinD  il  Wiatalnetnn  S 
ultlliifilby'nreDept,  In  flahflnB^llte?»riD« 


KALAMEIN 
WORK  IN 
COPPER 
BRONZE 

AND  IRON 

Knoburn 
Company 

KALAMEIN 
DOORS 

FIRE 

UNDER WR 

WORK 

A  specia: 

Office  and  Fa 

365  14th 
HOBOKEN, 

—When  wrlllne  Advertisers,  plea 


mention  Architecture  h 


THE  USTAL  COVERED  WINDOWS  AND 
DOORS  FOR  THIS  BUILDING  WERE 
FURNISHED      AND      INSTALLED       BY 


THE  KALAMEIN  COMPANY 

Office  and  Factor)' 

l*th  STREET,  NEAR  VERNON  AVENUE 

LONG  ISLAND  CITY,  N.  Y. 


THE  PEELLE 

Underwriters 
Conterbalanced 

FIRE  DOORS 

Are  Installed  in  Freight 
Elevator  Openings  throughout 

BAMBERGER'S 

DEPARTMENT  STORE 
NEWARK,  N.  J. 

WHY? 

They  Save  Space  and  are  a 
Sure  Protection  Against  Fire 

and  Accident. 

See  pages  710-7)3  Sweet's  Index 

The  PEELLE  CO. 

123  LIBERTY  STREET 
NEW  YORK  CITY 


AdvertlBementB.— When  wHtlng  Advenlsers    please  mention  Architecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Thomas  Morton, 


169  Elm  Street, 


New  York. 


Copper  Cable 
Steel 


Steel 


Champion  M^l      |     SASH     CHAINS. 


iplon  Met 
Champio 


n||l|up  Fsr iM^MliiiJIcivy.DMn, Qatss, lie. 


L  ii  suf  Eiim  mun. 


II  Steel  Doors, 


n 


Eoegger's  SURELOGK  Dow 


Sorakick  Door  ProMctnr  Id  place  irilh  door  parllyopMi 


Manuhctured  by  J.  A.  HOEGGER 

41  HuttoB  SlTMt.  Jen>r  Oty.  N.  J. 

ith  Roam  Acccswiifji,  \'i<;l»l  and 
Hnd    Wdod   Medicine  Cabinela. 

ri  oJHo-ilotk  and  UidUiiH  Cabiiutt 


AavertlBements.  — W  hen 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


k    nA\.'^\ 


The  lesson  before  us  is  loo  obvious  to  es- 
cape, and  the  future  should  show  a  marked 
improvement  in  the  equipment  of  buildings 
due  to  this  fact. 

The  Emerson-Brantingham  Company  ack- 
nowledge that  wooden  furniture  and  trim 
must  be  replaced  by  metal  if  immunity  from 
fire  damage  is  to  be  expected,  and  we  venture 
to  remark  that  this  should  be  good  enough 
proof  for  any  one. 


FOREST  FIRES. 

The  U.  S.  Department  of  .\grici 


estry  Service,  Bulletin 


.  For- 

117,  relates  to  for- 
est fires  and  causes,  extent  and  effects,  with 
a  summary  of  recorded  destruction  and  loss, 
by  Frederick  G.  Plummer.  .\nolher  pamphlet. 
Bulletin  113,  deals  'with  methods  and  appara- 
tus for  the  prevention  and  control  of  forest 
lires  as  exemplified  on  the  Arkansas  National 
Forest,  by  Daniel  VV.  Adams.  These  two 
papers  are  of  great  value  to  the  lumber  in- 
dustries and  should  be  procured  by  every  one 
interested  in  that  line. 


FIRE  LOSSES. 

The  carefully  compiled  records  of  the  Jour- 
nal of  Commerce  and  Commercial  Bulletin 
show  a  total  fire  loss  for  the  month  of  Novem- 
ber in  the  United  States  and  Canada  amount- 
ing to  $16,172,300.  This  loss  is  nearly  two 
and  one-half  millions  less  than  for  the  same 
month  last  year,  and  brings  the  total  for  the 
eleven  months  of  1912  up  to  $207,353,900,  a 
total  which  is  more  than  four  and  five  mil- 
lions less  respectively  than  in  1911  and  1910 
for  the  same  period. 

Last  month  we  commented  on  the  English 
fire  loss,  and  while  our  figures  were  correctly 
stated,  our  comparisons  were  somewhat  at 
fault  in  the  transcription  of  pounds  into  dol- 
lars. While  the  British  fire  loss  for  Sep- 
tember is  £300,700.  the  loss  of  the  United 
States  and  Canada  for  the  month  amounted 
to  $13,779,300.  a  vast   difference   in   totals. 


You  ihauldttte  and  know  c(Mi> 
tcnti  of  pagei  6,  7  and  S  of  oar 
N*w  Catalogue  of  Gorton  Side 
Food  Boiler*. 

Wa  would  feel  undar  obliga- 
lioni  itjoa  will  jend  for  it  at 

GORTON  &  LIDGERWOOD  CO. 

96  Liberty  St„  NEW  YORK 
BsMdb.  ISZ  Hilk  St.  Cbk>n,  Fidiar  BUc. 


—When  writing  Advt 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Dixon*s  Silica-Graphite  Paint 

Protects  the  structural  steel  work  contained  in  such  important  buildings 
in  New  York  City  as  the  McAdoo  Terminal  Buildings;  American 
Woolen  Company's  Building;  Gimbel  Department  Store;  Savannah  Bank 
ic  Trust  Company' s  Building,  Savannah,  Ga. ;  the  Royal  Insurance  Cora- 
panv's  Building,  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  numerous  other  structuret. 
IFriu  ui  f»r  "  Nttablt  "Building  Liil,"  and  aiher  painl  literaturt 

Joseph  Dixon  Crucible  Co.,  Jeraey  cuy,  n.  j. 

AdTertlaementi. — When  wrttlDR  Advsrtlier*.  pleaa*  meDtlon  Arcbltecture  and  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Without    packing   or   filling   substance— Of   GLASS  and  METAL   OK' LY— ABSOLUTELY    and 

PERMANENTLY  PROOF  AGAINST   LEAKAGE. 

WB   BTJIIiD   THBM   RIGHT. 

.  National  VealtlMtng  Co.  phone:  1422  Mad.  Sg.  339  E.  26lh  St..  N.  Y.  City 


Industrial  Progress 

A    CATALOGUE    OP    SPRING    HINGES. 

The  Chicago  Spring  Butt  Company  who 
have  put  their  30  years'  experience  as  manu- 
facturers of  spring  hinges  to  good  advantage 
in  the  constant  improvement  of  their  various 
products,  have  issued  a  new  catalogue,  No, 
E29,  which  deals  with  the  most  complete 
line  of  spring  hinges  manufactured.  Herein 
an  architect  or  builder  will  be  able  to  find 
hinges  adapted  to  all  the  various  requirements 
of  a  building,  and  in  ordering  have  the  assur- 
ance that  he  is  getting  materials  of  standard 
quality.  The  catalogue  is  well  illustrated  and 
contains  tabulated  information  of  the  products 
with  prices.  Its  central  memoranda  sheets 
are   a  very  useful   feature. 

The  catalogue  gives  valuable  information 
in  regard  to  specifying  spring  hinges,  and  the 
specification  of  lavatory  hinges  and  fittings 
lias  been  so  simplified  that  the  trade  will  have 
no  difliculty  in  getting  just  what  they  require 
to   meet   the   most   varying   conditions. 

The  Chicago  trade  mark  is  becoming  well- 
known  and  it  may  be  seen  by  those  who  are 
interested,   on   the   hinges  and   trim   of  a   very 


large  number  of  our  modern  buildings.  .\  let- 
ter of  inquiry  to  the  Chicago  Spring  Butt 
Company,  of  334-340  Union  Park  Court,  Chi- 
cago,  will   bring  one   of   these   catalogues    to 

INCLINED  ELEVATORS. 

The  Otis  Eleavtor  Company  has  just  issued 
a  very  carefully  prepared  catalogue  illustra- 
tive of  their  inclined  elevators,  loading  ma- 
chines of  various  types  and  various  forms  oi 
carriers.  The  arrangement  of  the  catalogue 
shows  a  photographic  illustration  of  the  type 
of  carrier  on  the  left-hand  page  and  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  page  a  side  elevation 
drawing  which  clearly  explains  the  arrange- 
ment of  the  mechanism. 

Another  pamphlet  issued  by  the  Otis  Com- 
pany is  entitled  "Elevator  Service"  and  sug- 
gests the  means  of  proper  elevator  mainten- 
ance, inspection  and  use  of  lubricants.  This 
is  a  very  valuable  pamphlet  and  one  that 
should  be  in  the  hands  of  every  building  super- 
intendent and  elevator  operator  or  engineer, 
as  it  suggests  the  proper  lubricants  for  use 
in  the  various  parts  of  an  elevator  machine. 
These  books  may  be  obtained  by  addressing 
the  Olis  Elevator  Company,  Eleventh  avenue 
and   26th   street.   New  York   City. 


Rubber  Matting  and  Perforated  Mats 

The  Most  Sanitary  and  Durable  Floor 
Covering  tor  Public  Buildings. 


N.  J.  CAR  SPRING  &  RUBBER  CO. 


INTERIOR  MARBLE 


CORK  &  ZICHA  MARBLE  CO.. 

Advertisements — When  writing  AdvertlBer;^,  plea 


32M27  Ead  94tli  St,  NEW  TOM 


^ntton  Archlte 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


JUST   PUMJ3HED 

BOOKS  ON 
I  The  MANUAL  ARTS 

A    DOCRIPTIVI  CATALOO 

A   VALUABLE    reference   hook.      Lists  and 
describes  280  of   the  Ix-sC    books   on   the 
lual    arts;  induHcs  all  the  standard  and  the 
best  of  the  recent  books. 
1    MUUB  raCE  Ml  «E|UEtT-M  CUT  n  IN  Wi  N  MUUTW 
1    Check   the   BubjcfH  you   are   interrslcd    in,    fill    in    the 
blanks,    clip  and  mail,  and  a  copy  will  be  sent 
lu  your  address. 

.".Val'lSTn    MmklMK  V.Arl    ana    Df.lpi 

V.D^w?nt'MiichlM  .'>la>in:  Arli 

1   Foaitlon     

Street  

I  City 

I  State   

TMEJVIiWUAL  ARTS  PRESS 

PEORIA  ItXINOlS 


Badger  Quality 

Copper  Hot  Water 

BOILERS 

are  all  that   can   be  de- 
sired  in  a  Range  Boiler. 

LONG  LIFE 
CLEAN  WATER 
Beaotifiil  AppeinDcc 

Every  boiler  is  tinned  on 

the  inside  and  guaranteed 

against  leakageor  collapse. 

Wrilt  ftr  CaiaUg 

L  B.  Badger  &  Sons  Co. 

BOSTON,  U.  S.  A. 


Star  Safety  Water  Tube  Boilers 

For  STEAM  HEATING,  HOT  WATER  HEATING  and  POWER  PLANTS 

HARRISBURG  STAR  BOILER  CO.,  1  Madison  Ave.,  New  York 

WHY  YOU   SHOULD   INSTALL  THE  STAR  WATER  TUBE  BOILERS 
1    Thar  occupr  the  ainallHtapaca  8    llii 


I    ThowHtM-UDBlacitmnclyko 
I    When  loTCKl    they  wI" 


•tcamlaa  (bay  i 
■ally  cleaned. 


iceed  their  capadty 
uoeqiulkd. 


f  NobrlckMItloSregulred. 

0  They  are  eaally  anJqulckly  loatalled. 

t  Smlcoiutructlon  la  uaed  IhmuBtiaut. 

.2  Repolracanbamadebr  any  bolkmukac. 

i  They  make  abaolutely  dry  atom. 

4  TtanwaiarkiTeldocanotfluciuaie. 

19  The  hlgheal  poaalble   economy   la  obtalnad. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


THE  SNOW  GUARD  ALLOWING 
NO    STRAIN     ON     THE     SLATE 

WHY  NOT  SEE  IT  ? 
A  postal  card  will  bring  sample 

Fobom  Snow  Guard  Co.  "■  *JS1uL'*" 


Weather  Vanes 

Lightning  Rods 

Church  Crosses 

Flag  Poles 


Fittings 

Etc. 

Send  for  Catalogue 


THOS.W.JONES 


lUvAon*  OUmtetim 


ARTHUR  GREENFlELD.I*«onH»«teJ 

REINFORCED  CONCRETE  PLOC»S 
IRON  FURRING  >od  METAL  LATHING 


204  EAST  zeth  ST. 


LOCKWOOD  and  ALMQUIST 
Time  Service  Engineers 

'Automatic  Elmtor  Dlspatehw 


APARTMENT  HOUSE  AT  86TH  STRBBT 
AND  WEST  END  AVENUE. 

A  handsome  feature  of  this  welUplanned 
apartment  is  the  entrance  hall  which  is  treated 
in  simple  outline  but  is  rich  in  decoration  and 
coloring.  The  trim,  door  casings  and  wainscot 
are  of  marble,  while  the  walls  are  hung  in 
tapestry  and  the  ceiling  is  a  beamed  effect  or- 
namented in  low  relief.  The  decorations  and 
hangings  in  this  hallway  and  elsewhere  in  the 
house  were  carried  out  by  John  H.  Hutaff.  of 
10  East  33d  street.  New  York. 

REFRIGERATORS. 

Among  the  many  fixtures  which  have  been 
provided  in  the  apartment  building  at  521 
Park  Avenue  by  Mr.  William  A.  Boring,  archi- 
tect, none  appeal  more  to  the  most  discrim- 
inating than  the  refrigerators. 

The  smooth,  solid  oak  cases  without  any 
paneling  or  mouldings  arc  just  right  for  th* 
pantry  or  kitchen. 


On  opening  the  doors  we  find  the  food  com- 
partments just  like  a  large  china  dish,  snow 
white,  with  rounded  edges  and  comers  and 
without  any  joints  or  cracks.  The  sanitar) 
permanence  of  these,  which  are  each  of  one 
piece  of  solid  porcelain  ware,  an  inch  or 
more  thick  and  really  unbreakable,  is  readily 
apparent;  these  having  no  joints  or  cracks 
or  metal  bands  and  screws  or  irojcctioo  of 
any  kind  where  dirt  or  moisture  can  lodge. 
They  are  just  like  and  just  as  easy  to  wash 


i  chii 


1  dish. 


The  five-inch  thick  walls  strongly  impress 
the  economical  operation  of  these  refrigerat- 
ors, which  were  made  in  Cincinnati  by  Tet- 
tenbom  &  Co.,  whose  New  York  office  is 
at  1135  Broadway. 


—When  writing  AflvertlBera    pleas?  n 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 

itaTMa«.ta  EVANS  "CRESCENT"  EXPANSION  BO 

WITH  DOUBLZ:  £,ND  GR.IP  EXPANSION 

Constructed  on  NEW  l[nei.      Grip  at  BOTH  ENDS,  and  <» 
tides.     Cannot  work  loose. 
S«ad  tor  Ontalofue  sdiI  lunplM  icnwed  Into  bloeki  ot  wood  oi  iMo* 

'ISSt"'  F.  H.  EVANS  (^TSi^)  31  J3.35  Hewes  SI.,  BrooklTi.  1 


K  Van  Dora's  Steel  Joist  Hanger 

^8  IS  THE  BEST  OBTAINABLE 

|3"  Send  for  Catalogue  and  rdtt  to  thii  Migumc 

I 


fl  THE  VAN  DOKN  IRON  WORKS  CO. 


CLEVELAND,  OHIO 

Steel  Buildings,  Wrought  Iron  Fencing,  Iron  Bridges,  Jail  and 
Pi^n  Wurk,  Metallic  Office  Fumitive,  etc 


James  H.  Roberts  Elevalor  Co.  ^'"''™'  ™' 
jj  ELEVATORS  and  DUMBWAITE 


Dud  a-d  riactrio  Elevaton.  DoBbwaltara.  Sidewalk  Hsiala. 
■■valid  Llfla,  CmrrlMim  aad  Antmnnblla  Elavaton 
SreCD  U:DUCI\0  HACBINEIY  and  ELECTUC  CONTRACTINO 
Oillcai    430  Waal  Broadwar  NEW  ^ 


THEWILUAMGJAHERa 

Carpenter  Contractors 

1133  BROADWAY  NEW  YOR 


•  BAMBERGER   STOUE,  NEWARK,  N.  ^  FOR  WHU 
WE  WERE  THE  CARPENTER  CONTRACTORS 


"COUNTRY  AND  SUBURBAN  HOUS 

ABMkDMkM<l*SolT«TMlBBU«lBtPnip(i>ltiiui.  lIi:edltIaB9xUliwbBt.t«IU 
IMMtaLAcllilic,SMca,BdlTliiikBr,  Bnniilsw  Hlitlm  and  other  ttyles  of  An 
GeonlnndflcaaoUi interior  niBaeglioni  and  practical  information  for  the 
bailder.  aoimalea  of  coat.  Bitoior  and  in  tenor  views  firet  and  second  floor 
ail  dimeoaions.  Books  are  bondaonuly  printed  with  half-tooc  Illuatration 
4ftfg"T  carefnlly  aelectcd. 

DaucB  cartiBa  «3,BO0  la  fWJMO.     Priea  9XMI  iirepall 
DtlaiUii  flow  prtparid  fat  turn  ttark  or  far  rtTnodtling  aU  buiUintl 
W.  DEWSNAP,  AreUtaet  IWNaaaaBSL,Naw 


The  A.  B.  See  Electric  Elevator 

Main  Office :  220  Broadway,  New  York 


HARTFOI 
udClialnutSti,  MSttKH.  210  Ean  GinnaD  U.  Mi  f  SU,  H.  W.  36  Pail  t 

Advertlsemcnta — When  wrillng  Advertisers,  please  raentio-    Architecture  and  Buildir 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 

The  United  States  Rubber 

Building  Is  As  Artistic  As 

It  Is  Fireproof 

THOSE  engaged  in  the  design  and  erection  of 
buildings,  however  large  or  small  the  struc- 
tures may  be,  are  rapidly  realizing  that  absolute 
fireprooling  is  an  impossibility  if  they  leave  a  perpet- 
ual invitation  for  an  incipient  fire  to  travel  from  its 
point  of  origin,  from  room  to  room,  from  floor  to 
floor.  This  is  by  no  means  a  technicality  hard  to 
express  or  understand.  However  great  the  precau- 
tions or  expenditures,  they  are  of  but  slight  avail  so 
long  as  it  is  possible  for  a  fire  to  eat  its  way  into  other 
portions  of  a  building. 

The  DahlBtrom  Producti  in  an  otherwise  fireproof  ilmcturc  lim- 
ply  mean  the  abaolute  elimiDatioa  of  all  combuitible  interior  Irim. 
Pirei  may  occur,  but  tbey  atarve  themaelvea  to  death.  Tlii*  ii 
inevitable.  The  DahlMrom  paiealed  cold  drawn  hollow  ateel 
doon  and  tnm  are  an  impeaetrable  fire  barrier. 

While  the  quantity  of  evidence  lubatantiating  theae  statcmenit 
that  no  building  can  be  ficeproof  when  equipped  with  inflammable 
trim  ia  overwhelming,  itia  hard  for  aome  to  itretch  their  imagi- 
nation to  the  extent  of  believing  that  the  tnitallation  of  the  Dsfalattom 
Producta  increases  rather  than  diminiBhes  the  interior  artistic  poasi- 
bilities.  Even  our  interpretation  and  duplication  of  any  known 
wood  ia  more  arliatic  than  the  wood  jlsetf.  Aside  from  this,  any 
conceivable  color  scheme  or  combination  may  be  carried  out. 
and  on  more  permanent  lines  than  is  possible  olherwiae.  It  should 
be  remembered,  also,  that  a  Dahlatrom  finiah  is  virtually  a  part  of 
the  metal  itself.  Elachcoalof  paint  is  "baked  on"  in  heated  ovens. 
The  finish  is  as  permanent  aa  it  is  artistic.  No  "word  picture"  is 
capable  of  conveying  a  true  idea  of  a  DabUtrom  finish.  You  must 
see  an  installation  or  samples  which  we  shall  be  glad  to  furnish. 

All  in  all,  there  are  many  important  reasons  why  you  should 
apecify  the  Dahlstrom  Producta.  It  will  cost  you  nothing  to  learn 
them. 

Dahlstrom  Metallic  Door  Company 

Executive  Offices  and  Factories 

AA  RI.^Ir.»,n,<.    Aw*n»e  I>Tn«fnwn     N«>w  Ywlc 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


BRR-CdNSTRUCTIOl 

Dependable^^— Economical^^— Firepr© 

Materials  and  Methods  for  every 
class  of  Reinforced  Concrete  Structure, 

We  Are  Specialists  in  Reinforced  Concrete  Construct! 

with  11  record  of  21  ytars  without  a  failure.       One  of  llie  several  types  of  Corr-Construt 
which  we  have  perfected  is  the  Flat  Slab 

CORR-PLATE  FLOOR 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


SODA  FOUNTAIN,  BAMBERGER  STORE,  NEWARK.  N.  J. 
Manofacturcd  by 

Haussling  Soda  Apparatus  Manufacturing  Co. 
Soda  Water  Apparatus  -  Carbonators  -  Soda  Fountain  Sundries 

Also  a  large  line  of  reVmilt  fountains  always  on  hand.    Write  for  prices  and  terms. 
24-26  ARLINGTON  STREET         .  NEWARK,  N.  J. 


ARCHITECTURE 
TERRA  COTT^ 

Singer  Building,  New 

Furnished  Terra  Cotta  f<K-  the  fol 
Paterao  ApartmenU: 

I  12  Story  Aportmenl 


I  12  Story  Apartment 

:h  Street,  17Sft.  Wcciof  Bj 


2  12  StcH-y  Aputmen 


boy,  ^ 


and  Bulldlnn. 


ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


It  Begins  and  it  Finishes  your  work 

This  is  exactly  what  is  done  by  the 

Remington 

Adding  and  Subtracting  Typewrite 

(Wahl  Adding  Mechanism) 


The  machine  which  write*  but  doesn't  add,  atops  half  way. 
The  machinewhich  adds  but  doesn't  write,  stops  half  way. 
But  the  Jtrminffan-WaA/ machine  doesn't  stop  half  way.  Itis 

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Visible  Writing 


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(locorporaled) 
New  York  and  Everywhere 


a, — When  writing  AtlVertla«ra,  pleas'*  mention  Architecture  and  Bulli 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


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raoTO  MOUNm  pute 

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PAINTER- DECORATOR 


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ALBERTO    BUCCINI 

COLORIST 

girt  JntcriorBecorationg 

347  FIFTH  AVE.,  NEW  YORK 

HANGINGS,  MURAI.  PAINTINO.  AST 
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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


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ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


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THE    NORTHWESTERN 
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Advertisements. — When  writing  Advertisers,  please  mention  Architecture  anl  Building. 


ARCHITECTURE  AND  BUILDING 


Spencer  Turbine  Vacuum  Cleans 


are  vltaUy  Important  la  the  modern 
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the  preservation  of  valuable  stocks  I 
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ARCHITECTURE    AND    BUILDING. 


Waterproofed  with 
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About  30,000  pounds  of  Ceres)  t  were 
used  to  watcrprcMjf  the  bascmtnts  of 
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Please  write  for  our  book  "Y"  on 
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Company,  Chicago 


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Cut  Stone  Contractoi 
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The  accompanying  cut  is  the  Hote 
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ARCHITECTURE    A 


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Advert[>empiitB.— 


READER^S  ANNOUNCEMENT 

January,  1913,  Architecture  and  Building 

EFFICIENT  BUILDING  SUPERINTENDENCE 

BT  ROGER  COX 

To  read  this  article  is  to  start  the  New  Year  right.  The  author 
has  made  some  splendid  suggestions,  and  his  report  scheme, 
"Which  is  illustrated,  will  meet  with  approval  and  save  many 
dollars  to  architects  who  adopt  it  during  1913. 

Lettering  and  the  Architect  '^,  t^^^  beginning 

^  of  a  senes  of  articles 

which  will  run  all  through  1913,  written  by  Mr.  Wm.  Heyny,  author  of 
"Modem  Lettering,  Artistic  and  Practical/'  Mr.  Hejmy  has  studied  the 
subject  of  architectural  lettering,  and  his  first  article  will  point  out  some 
glaring  faults.  Mr.  Hejmy's  whole  theme  might  be  summed  up  in — "  Why 
should  not  the  architect  set  an  example  for  good  lettering?" 

A  Summary  of  the  Valuable  Subjects 

inr  lOT^  includes    more   articles   on    "AUTOMATIC 

^^^  J.^X*/  SPRINKLER  EQUIPMENT  OF  LOFT  BUILDINGS," 
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FREDERICK  SQUIRES  on  recently  completed  "TEXTURE  TILE" 
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THE  WILLIAM  T.  GOMSTOGK  CO, 

PubUahen 

23  Warren  StreM  New  York 


3  9015